L`umanità dell`albero d`olivo

Anno 2012
S T O R I A
D I
U N A
P A S S I O N E
L OLIVO SECOLARE
DEL SALENTO
Rossella Barletta e Raffaele Cazzetta
1
Prefazione
Da millenni l’olivo rappresenta per un paese come l’Italia e per una regione ad alta vocazione olivicola come
la Puglia un elemento di eccellenza e di riconoscimento tra i popoli del Mediterraneo. “Innovare nella tradizione” è il
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utilizzare come strumento di lavoro.
Andrea Sisti
Presidente Ordine Nazionale
Dottori Agronomi e Forestali
2
3
4
Presentazione
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L’Associazione A.O.S.S. nasce nel 2010 per la volontà di alcuni produttori salentini di dar seguito ai propositi
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Presidente Associazione
“Amici dell’Olivo Secolare del Salento”
5
L’umanità
dell’albero
d’olivo
I popoli del Mediterraneo
cominciarono ad uscire dalla barbarie
X\HUKVPTWHYHYVUVH
coltivare l’olivo e la vite
Tucidide
Olea prima omnium arborum est
3»VSP]VuPSWYPTVMYH[\[[PNSPHSILYP
Columella
.SP\SP]P
ZVUVMHU[HZTPHMMVSSH[P
nelle distese di grano
VS[YLPS\UNOPÄSHYPKLSSL]P[P
;HU[HWVS]LYL[HU[VZVSL
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porta a miraggi di sorgenti
nell’arida terra del Salento
dove le montagne si sognano
Ennio Bonea
Di tempeste c’è solo degli ulivi
uno sbattere stretto all’imbrunire
JVTLSLHU[PJOLILZ[LTTPLKLPWHKYP
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Lucio Romano
7
La canzone
dell’Ulivo
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piantiamo l’ulivo!
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sul mite asinello [...].
Giovanni Pascoli
8
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d’olivo nel paesaggio rurale salentino.
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illegale.
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(PWS\YPZLJVSHYPZHNNPHY[PJVSP[YH[[H[PYPN\HYKHU[PP[LTPZVWYHJJP[H[PHMMYVU[H[PKHH\[VYL]VSPLZWLY[PSVJHSPZ\SSH
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produceva un olio assolutamente improponibile oggi.
(MMYVU[H[V LZH\YPLU[LTLU[L S»HYNVTLU[V KHS W\U[V KP ]PZ[H [LJUPJV ZVUV JVUZPKLYH[P KP ZM\NNP[H V PU TVKV
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popolazioni del passato.
10
11
12
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YHJJH[[HYLSLVSP]LLPTVUKH[VYPPULYWPJH[PZ\ZJHSLKPSLNUVPU[LU[PHWV[HYLHWWSPJHUKVHU[PJOL[LJUPJOL[YHTHUKH[L
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attuali.
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ULPMYHU[VPJVU[LTWVYHULPJPSHZJPHUVZ[YHIPSPH[PWLYP[LTWPM\STPULPKPMYHUNP[\YHLWLYS»LJJLSSLUaHKLSS»VSPVWYVKV[[V
13
4HX\HU[VZLPILSSV
HSILYVK»VSP]V
JVUX\LSSLMVNSPLS\JPKL
JOLZLTIYHUVK»HYNLU[V
JOLIYPSSHUVHSZVSL
e cantano al vento.
4PZLTIYP\UNPNHU[L
in mezzo a tante piante
KPWLZJOLLKPTLSP
JPSPLNPÄJOPWLYP
JOLZVS[HU[VHN\HYKHY[P
mi sento rinascere.
Tuttu tu ndi tai:
lu legnu pi lla naca,
lu vinchiu a llu pastori,
li palmi pi la paci,
la tàula pi lla croci.
Passunu puru sieculi
e tu non mueri mai,
sempri ‘ntra lla campagna,
‘ntra llu verdi stai.
Quandu po’ eti tiempu
ti ‘ccogghiri l’aulìi,
eti ‘na festa crandi,
carosi e villanieddi
‘rrivunu ti tutti vandi.
;\[[V[\JPKHP!
PSSLNUVWLYSHJ\SSH
PSWVSSVULHSWHZ[VYL
SLWHSTLWLYSHWHJL
il legno per la croce.
Possono passare secoli
L[\UVUT\VYPTHP
ZLTWYLPUJHTWHNUH
dentro il verde stai.
8\HUKVWVPu[LTWV
KPYHJJVNSPLYLSLVSP]L
u\UHMLZ[HNYHUKL
giovani e contadini
arrivano da tutte le parti.
Ti quiddi aulìi neri
ZPZWYLTP\LNNOP\ÄU\
servi pi l’Oliu Santu,
a mpicciari ‘nu lampinu,
pi ccunzari li frisi
cu rienu e pumbitori,
ti veni ‘nu suspiru
propria ti ‘ntra llu cori,
ti sienti assa’ prisciatu,
ti sienti ‘nu signori,
ca quiddu uegghiu t’oru
e’ propria ‘nu tisoru.
14
Dalle olive nere
ZPZWYLTLVSPVÄUV
ZLY]LWLYS»6SPV:HU[V
HKHJJLUKLYL\US\TPUV
WLYJVUKPYLSLMYPZL
JVUVYPNHUVLWVTVKVYP
ti viene un sospiro
WYVWYPVKHKLU[YVPSJ\VYL
[PZLU[PTVS[VJVU[LU[V
[PZLU[P\UZPNUVYL
JOLX\LSS»VSPVKPVYV
è proprio un tesoro.
L’albero d’olivo
L’arvulu ti l’aulìa
Ma quantu sinti beddu,
arvulu ti l’aulìa,
cu ‘ddi fraschi luciti,
ca parunu t’argientu,
ca brillunu a llu soli
e cantan’a llu vientu.
Mi pari ‘nu gicanti,
a mienz’a tanta chianti
ti pricuechi e ti meli,
JPYHZPÄJOPWLYP
ca sulu cu ti ‘uardu,
mi sentu biviscère.
15
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ULSSLS\JLYULPUKPZWLUZHIPSPMVU[PKPS\JLWLYNSPHTIPLU[PKVTLZ[PJPLKPSH]VYV"ULPNYHUKPphitoi su cui permangono
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WYPUJPWHSLH[[YH[[P]HKLP4\ZLPLKLSSL*VSSLaPVUPHYJOLVSVNPJOLUVUZVSVSVJHSPJHWHJPKP[LZ[PTVUPHYLSLKP]LYZL[HWWLKP
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3»VSPVUH[\YHSTLU[LHYKLULPYP[\HSPTPZ[PJPKPTVS[LHU[PJOLJP]PS[nLULSS»Esodo+PVKPJLH4VZu!¸;\VYKPULYHPHNSP
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rimarrà acceso davanti a me dalla sera alla mattina”.
<UZPTIVSVKPS\JL]PIYHU[LULSJVYZVKLPZLJVSPJOLWHSLZHÄUHUJOLULNSP\ZPÄN\YH[PKLSSHWHYVSH¶¸NL[[HYLVSPV
Z\SM\VJV¹¸HUKHYLSPZJPVJVTLS»VSPV¹¸S»VSPVKPNVTP[V¹¶SHZ\H]P[HSP[n®;YLJJH
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uWYVWYPHTLU[LJ\S[\YH[\[[HSHUVZ[YHZ[VYPHuPTWYLaPVZP[HKHSZHWVYLKLSS»VSPVKHSSLZ\LHY[PHSPTLU[HYPJVZTL[PJOL
luminose.
:LJVUKV\UHSLNNLUKHYPJVYYLU[LPSWYPTVVSP]HZ[YVJVZyPUZLS]H[PJOP[VKHH]LYLMY\[[PWPJJVSPX\HU[V\U»\UNOPH
LWLYU\SSHWVSWVZPUHJX\LULSSH4LZZHWPHKV]LNPnLYHUVUV[LZPHSLJHWHJP[nKLSSHWPHU[HZPH\UY\KPTLU[HSLTL[VKV
LZ[YH[[P]VKP\USPX\PKVVSLVZVHS[H[[V0SJVU[H[[VJVUHS[YLLKP]LYZLJP]PS[nPUÅ\yHTPNSPVYHYLZPHSL[LJUPJOLJVS[\YHSP
sia i metodi estrattivi.
-\YVUVPUWHY[PJVSHYTVKVSLJVT\UP[nJLUVIP[PJOLIPaHU[PULKLSS»VYKPULKP:HU)HZPSPVJOLPUZLKPHUKVZPPUX\LZ[H
H[[\HSLWYV]PUJPHPU[YVK\ZZLYVSHWPHU[HKLSS»VSP]VKPLKLYVPTW\SZVHSSHJVS[P]HaPVULMVYTHUKVLZ[LUZPVUPZLTWYLWPƒ
]HZ[LHTHUVHTHUVJOLKPZIVZJH]HUVX\LYJL[PLIVUPÄJH]HUV[LYYLUPTHJJOPVZPVPUJVS[PLWYVIHIPSTLU[LHKVWLYHYVUV
come trappitiPWVNLPMYHU[VPNSPVYPNPUHYPS\VNOPKPJ\S[VX\HUKVZVYZLSHULJLZZP[nKPVYNHUPaaHYLSHWYVK\aPVULKLSS»VSPV
3»VSP]VILUJOtHSILYV_LYVÄSVVYNHUPZTVJOL]P]LPUHTIPLU[LJVZ[HU[LTLU[LHYPKVLKLSPVÄSVWPHU[HJOLZP
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L KP Z\WLYÄJP HNYHYPL YPZJVU[YHIPSP ULSSL THWWL JH[HZ[HSP ULP [VWVUPTP Y\YHSP [\[[VYH YPJVYYLU[P ULSSL WHYSH[L KPHSL[[HSP
17
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WPƒKPMM\ZL!Olive grandi Insite Tèrmiti Mazzarelle Cormuni Ramaie Celine Ogliarole Ogliastro Kurumuni.
Alcune voci rimandano a particolari metodi di riproduzione; è il caso di tèrmitiKHSSH[PUVtermesYHTVZ[HJJH[V
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di ìnsiteKHSSH[PUVinseroPUULZ[HYLVKPmazzarèddhraWPJJVSHTHaaH
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MHTPNSPLKPPUZL[[P\[PSPJVTLSLWYLaPVZLHWPJOL[YV]HUVX\PZLUVUKPZ[\YIH[LSHSVYVJHZHUH[\YHSLVWPJJVSP]VSH[PSP
JVTLPWPWPZ[YLSSPJOLULPNPVYUPJHSKPK»LZ[H[LZHSLU[PUHKVYTVUVZPJ\YPULS]LU[YLZJ\YVLMYLZJVKLSNYHUKLHSILYV®
0JP[H[PHU[PJOP[VWVUPTPY\YHSPJLSHUVPSTPSSLUHYPVSH]VYVHNYPJVSVLZLN\P[VZ\SS»H[[\HSLWHLZHNNPVZHSLU[PUVJOLKH
[LYYHPUZLS]H[PJOP[HuZ[H[H[YHZMVYTH[HPU[LYYHJVS[P]H[HPUZLN\P[VHK\UHK\YPZZPTH[LUHJLLJHWHYIPHMH[PJHKLSS»\VTVH
M\YPHKPHYHYLLKPaHWWHYLKPW\SPYLLKPZNVTILYHYLKHSSLWPL[YL\UWLaaVKP[LYYLUVKHSJHYH[[LYLZLS]H[PJVLYLZWPUNLU[L
pur di renderlo ILULÄJH[\ILULÄJH[V
(S[YPHZWL[[PJVUMLYTHUVS»HU[PJH]VJHaPVULVSP]PJVSHKLS:HSLU[V"\UVYPN\HYKHNSPZ[LTTPJP]PJPKPHSJ\UPJVT\UP
ZHSLU[PUP[YHPX\HSP*VSSLWHZZVS»HSILYVK»VSP]VZV]YHZ[H[VKH\UHZ[LSSH":+VUH[VKP3LJJL\USLVULZV[[V\UVSP]V"
:LJSy\UZLYWLU[LuZVYTVU[H[VKH]LU[PX\H[[YVVSP]LL*HZ[YyHS[YVUJVKP\UVSP]VZPH[[VYJPNSPH\U[YHSJPVKP]P[L
<UHS[YV[LTHHMMVUKHSLZ\LYHKPJPULSSHKL]VaPVULWVWVSHYL!HPJVUÄUPKLS[LYYP[VYPVKP.HS\NUHUVMYHaPVULKP
:HU+VUH[VKP3LJJL]LYZV:VSL[VHSS»PUJYVJPV[YH=PH4HKVUUHKLS3H[[LL=PH3HNV9VZZVu\IPJH[HSHJHWWLSSHKLSSH
Madonna de l’Insite YLJLU[LTLU[L YPZ[Y\[[\YH[H NPn YPJVZ[Y\P[H ULS WLY ]VSVU[n KLSS»HYJPWYL[L 9HMMHLSL 5PJVSHJP
(SS»PU[LYUV WVJOPZZPTL SL [YHJJL KLSS»HMMYLZJV JOL WYVIHIPSTLU[L YHMÄN\YH]H SH 4HKVUUH VTVUPTH JOL YPJOPHTH PS
termine insite.
0UHS[YLJHWWLSSLVLKPJVSL]V[P]LSH4HKVUUHOHJHYH[[LYL¸Y\YHSL¹LKuYHMÄN\YH[HJVUPS)HTIPUVPUNYLTIVJOL
[PLULPUTHUV\UVVWPƒYHTVZJLSSPK»VSP]V
18
Un intramontabile mito:
olio sacro, olio come unguento
3»VSPVPUZPLTLHSS»VSP]VZVUVZ[H[PTP[PaaH[PKHPWVWVSPHSW\U[VKHHZZ\YNLYLHZLNUPKP\UHWYV]]PKLUaHKP]PUH!
KHSSH TP[VSVNPH WHNHUH JOL JVUZPKLYH]H S»HSILYV ZHJYV HSSH KLH 4PULY]H ÄUV HSS»PTTHNPUHYPV JYPZ[PHUV PU J\P S»VSP]V
YHMÄN\YHPSZPTIVSVKPWHJLLKHSSHTLKPJPUHWVWVSHYLJOLHZZLNUH]HHSS»VSPVM\UaPVULTLKPJHTLU[VZHILULÄJHU[LL
liberatoria.
<UTP[VNYLJVYHJJVU[HJOL4PULY]HNHYLNNP~JVU7VZLPKVULWLYPSWVZZLZZVKLSS»([[PJHLSHMVUKHaPVULKP([LUL
*LJYVWLWYPTVSLNNLUKHYPVYLKP([LULLNP\KPJLKLSSHJVU[LZHWYVTPZLS»VUVYLKLSSH]P[[VYPHHJOPKLPK\LH]LZZLJYLH[V
X\HSJVZHKPLJJLaPVUHSL4LU[YL7VZLPKVULMLJLZW\U[HYLKHSZ\VSV[VJJH[VKHSZ\V[YPKLU[L\UJH]HSSV4PULY]HM\WPƒ
ZHNNPH!MLJLNLYTVNSPHYL\UVSP]V,]PUZL+HX\LSTVTLU[VS»HSILYVuPSZPTIVSVKLSSHZHNNLaaH0UZ\VVUVYLHK([LUL
ZPZ]VSNL]HUVP.PVJOP7HUH[LUHPJPVJJHZPVULWLYVMMYPYLHP]PUJP[VYPHUMVYLJVSTLKPVSPWYLNPH[PWYVKV[[PKHNSPVSP]PZHJYP
dell’Attica.
=PYNPSPVULSSLGeorgiche3PIYV0KLÄUPZJL4PULY]Holeaque inventrix5VUHJHZVULSS»HU[PJH;LYYHK»6[YHU[VZP
]LULYH]H[HSLKP]PUP[nHSSHX\HSLZPKLKPJHYVUVWHLZP[LTWSPJHZ[LSSPLZPZ]VSNL]HUVMLZ[LJVUVMMLY[LYP[\HSPZPJVUPH]HUV
TVUL[LZ\SSLX\HSPZPHMÄHUJH]HHJJHU[VHSSHZ\HLMÄNPLS»VSP]VLSHJP]L[[HHSLPZHJYH
3H)PIIPHYPJVYKHSHJVSVTIHJVSYHTVZJLSSVK»VSP]VWVY[H[VH5VtJVTL[LZ[PTVUPHUaHKLSSHÄULKLSKPS\]PVL
KLSSHYPJVUJPSPHaPVULMYHPS:PNUVYLLNSP\VTPUP+HX\LSTVTLU[VPSYHTVZJLSSVZPTIVSLNNPHSHYPUHZJP[HKLSSH]P[HLSH
pace.
7LYPSJYPZ[PHULZPTVS»VSP]VuJVUZPKLYH[VZPTIVSVKP*YPZ[VPUX\HU[V(SILYVKLSSH4PZLYPJVYKPHKHSX\HSLZLJVUKV
\UHSLNNLUKHTLKPL]HSLZHYLIILZ[H[H[HNSPH[HSH*YVJL:PJJVTLSH*YVJLZPTIVSLNNPH*YPZ[VS»VSP]VJVZy[YHZMVYTH[V
HSS\KLHS:HS]H[VYLJVTL(SILYV*VZTPJV(ZZLKLS4VUKVJOLJVSSLNH[LYYHJPLSVLPUMLYP
5VUu\UJHZVJOLULSS»¹(UU\UJPHaPVUL¹KP:PTVUL4HY[PUPLKPUX\LSSHKP;HKKLVKP)HY[VSVS»HUNLSV.HIYPLSLu
PUZVSP[HTLU[LYHMÄN\YH[VJVU\UYHTVK»VSP]VUVYTHSTLU[Lu\UNPNSPVWVPJOtZPTIVSLNNPHSHUHZJP[HKLS*YPZ[V6SP]V
5LS=HUNLSVHWVJYPMVKP5PJVKLTVuZJYP[[VJOL(KHTVPUWYVZZPTP[nKLSSHTVY[LTHUK~PS[LYaVNLUP[V:L[OH
WYLNHYL+PVWLYJOt\UHUNLSVSVHJJVTWHNUHZZLKPUHUaPHSS»(SILYVKLSSH4PZLYPJVYKPHKHSX\HSLWV[LYLWYLUKLYLS»VSPV
per ungere Adamo e assicurargli la guarigione.
3»HUNLSVUVUMVYUy\UILSUPLU[L9P]LS~JOLS»\UN\LU[VHIHZLKPVSPVH]YLIILMH[[VYPZVYNLYLNSP\VTPUPX\HSL
segno della luce divina.
3»\U[VWLYLJJLSSLUaHM\PS4LZZPHS»H[[LZV4HOZPHOJOLPULIYHPJVZPNUPÄJH\U[VLJOLP.YLJP[YHK\ZZLYVPU
CristosKHSNYLJVchrio\UNV*H[[HIPHUP
20
*VUS»VSPVZHJYVZPTIVSVKPMVYaHLKPNPVPHZP\UNL]HUVWYVML[PZHJLYKV[PLYLWLYJOtPUJHYPJH[PHZ]VSNLYL\U
servizio ritenuto straordinario o divino.
7HYLJOLHNSPPUPaPKLS00TPSSLUUPVH*VNUPHJJVYKVWP\[[VZ[VZVSLUUL[YHPUKP]PK\PVX\HSZPHZP[PWVKPJVU[YH[[V
KPJHYH[[LYL]PUJVSHU[L]LUP]HZPNSH[VMVYT\SHUKVSHZLN\LU[LLZWYLZZPVUL!¸(IIPHTVTHUNPH[VPSWHULHIIPHTVIL]\[V
la birra e ci siamo unti di olio”.
5LSSH SP[\YNPH JYPZ[PHUH S»VSPV W\YV V TPZ[V H IHSZHTP JYPZTH [\[[VYH OH M\UaPVUL KP JVUZHJYHYL PS IH[[LaaH[V
WLYSPILYHYSVKHSWLJJH[VVYPNPUHSLPSJYLZPTH[VWLYYPJL]LYLSV:WPYP[V:HU[VS»VYKPUH[VWLYHNNYLNHYSVHSSH*OPLZHPS
TVYPIVUKVWLYJVUMVY[HYSVZWPYP[\HSTLU[L5VUZPJVUZHJYHUVZVS[HU[V\VTPUPTHWLYÄUVJHTWHULJOPLZLHS[HYP
6SPVLJYPZTHZPILULKPJVUVPS.PV]LKy:HU[VULSSHTLZZHKLSTH[[PUVLKH]YHUUV\U»\[PSPaaHaPVULZVWYHKKL[[H"PU
TVS[PJLU[YPK»0[HSPHPSNPVYUVKP:HU)PHNPVMLIIYHPVWYV[L[[VYLKLSSHNVSHZPILULKPJLS»VSPVJVUJ\PPSZHJLYKV[L\UNL
SHNVSHKLPMLKLSPJVUS»PTWVZPaPVULKPK\LJHUKLSLPUJYVJPH[L0SNLZ[VOHYPZJVU[YVJVU[\[[H\UHZLYPLKPYPTLKPHKV[[H[P
[\[[VYHKHSSHTLKPJPUHWVWVSHYLKPJ\PZPKPYnHWHY[LLKL]VJHSVZ[YL[[VSLNHTL[YHS»VSP]VPZ\VPMY\[[PPSWYVKV[[VKPLZZP
LSH]HSLUaHYLSPNPVZVYP[\HSLYPZHSLU[LHKLWVJOLYLTV[L
3LJLULYPJOLZPJVZWHYNVUVZ\SJHWVPSTLYJVSLKPVTVUPTVZPKL]VUVV[[LULYLKHPYHTPK»VSP]VILULKL[[PS»HUUV
precedente nella domenica delle Palme.
3H Z\KKL[[H KVTLUPJH P MLKLSP YLJHUV PU THUV YHTP K»VSP]V MVYTHUKV \UH WYVJLZZPVUL ZPTPSL H X\LSSH JOL
HJJVTWHNU~S»PUNYLZZVKLS:PNUVYLH.LY\ZHSLTTL
0U WYVWVZP[V LZPZ[L PS ZLN\LU[L WYV]LYIPV! S»VSP]V ILULKL[[V X\LSSH KVTLUPJH ]\VSL [YV]HYL W\SP[V L UL[[V" \U
[LTWVSLJHTWHNULSHJHZHPSJHTWVLSH]PNUHKV]L]HUVLZZLYLW\SP[PLYPUUV]H[PWLYPSNPVYUVKLSSHKVTLUPJHKLSSL
7HSTLPUPaPVKLSSH:L[[PTHUH:HU[H,YHUVSLJVZPKKL[[L¸W\SPaPLKP7HZX\H¹KVWVPSS\UNVPU]LYUV3HJHZHL[\[[PPS\VNOP
KPSH]VYVX\V[PKPHUVKV]L]HUVLZZLYLW\SP[PL¹U\V]P¹JVZyJVTLPJYPZ[PHUPKV]L]HUVW\YPÄJHYZPJVUSH8\HYLZPTHWLY
HJJVNSPLYLKLNUHTLU[LS»6SP]V*YPZ[V
¸(ZMVUKVB¯DZPZ[LUKL]HZVSLUULS»\SP]L[VJVTLJVSVUUH[VKP\U[LTWPVHWVJHSP[[PJV.SPHSILYPZVYNL]HUKHS
Z\VSVYVJJPVZVHSSPULH[PTHJVU[VY[PJPHZJ\UVPU\UNLZ[VZPUNVSHYLJPHZJ\UVPU\UHZPUNVSHYLHUPTHaPVUL*LU»LYHKP
Z[LJJOP[P:»LYNL]HUVHMH[PJH4HPWPƒYHTWH]HUNPNHU[LZJOPHIIYHUJHUKV[YHNSPHUMYH[[PJVTLaHTWLK»HUPTHSPMH]VSVZP
(S[YP]LUP]HUZ\YP[VY[PHJOPVJJPVSHHZWPYHSLWSVYHU[PVZ[PSPKYHWWLNNPHUKVZPYPJHKLUKVPUNVYNPLYLLPUJSHTPKP
=»LYHUVKLMVYTHaPVUPNVIILZX\HYJP[Y\J\SLU[LKP]PZJLYLZVSPKPÄJH[L]HS]LPTTHUP
3\UNVPKVYZPZX\HTVZPJPJH[YPJPSLIIYLHZWYLaaLKPT\[PSHaPVUP¯4HVS[YL\UHJLY[HHS[LaaHPSJVU]\SZVMH[[VZP
YLNVSHYLZ»HTTHUZP]HPU[VUPKPNYPNPVLKPYHTHUKVZP[YPVUMHSTLU[LPUZ\KPMMVUKL]HSH]VS[H]LYKLHYNLU[LHJVZ[LSSH[H
KPTPNUVSL¹*VY]HNSPH
21
22
23
24
S
VMMLYTPHTVJPZ\SS»VSP]VZLS]H[PJVoleasterWYPTHKPHJJLUUHYLHSS»VSP]VJVS[P]H[VOlea europea sativa).
Nel Salento è diversamente denominato olivastroulivastrooleastrooliastro.
La voce dotta dialettale oleastrouWPƒHU[PJHKLSS»HS[YHPUNLU[PSP[HKPolivastroLKuKHWYLMLYPYLX\HUKVZPKL]L
PUKPJHYLSHZWLJPLZWVU[HULHUH[HKHZLTLKPVSP]VZLS]H[PJV
,ZZVZPWYLZLU[HJVTL\UHYI\Z[VWPJJVSVKPZ[H[\YHJVUYHTPIHZZPYPNPKPLZWPUVZPJVUSHJVY[LJJPHKLS[YVUJV
ZJ\YHLSPZJPHSLMVNSPLZ[YL[[LJVY[LLKPJVSVYL]LYKLJHYPJVJVUPMY\[[PWPJJVSPLWLYU\SSHWVSWVZP"OH\UVZ]PS\WWV
TVS[VSLU[V"JYLZJLZWVU[HULHTLU[LULSSHTHJJOPHPUJVUZVJPHaPVULJVUHS[YLZWLJPLH\[VJ[VUL"SLMVNSPLJVZ[P[\PZJVUV
un prelibato alimento per gli animali da pascolo.
:JYP]LPSNPnJP[H[V9HMMHLSL*VUNLKVJOL­SH[YHKPaPVUHSLYHJJVS[HKPVSLHZ[YPLKVSP]HZ[YPULSSHTHJJOPHLYH\UH
]LYHLWYVWYPHHY[L[LU\[HZLNYL[HJOL]LUP]H[YHTHUKH[HKHWHKYLPUÄNSPV0YHJJVNSP[VYPZWLJPHSTLU[LX\LSSP]LJJOP
YPJVUVZJL]HUVZLSHWPHU[HKLZ[PUH[HJVSS»PUULZ[VHKP]LUPYL\UM\[\YV\SP]VH]L]HVYPNPULKH\UZLTLKP\SP]VZLS]H[PJV
VSLHZ[YVVKH\UZLTLKP\SP]VJVS[P]H[VVSP]HZ[YV3HWPHU[PUHKPVSLHZ[YVSHWPƒYPJLYJH[HLWYLMLYP[HuYPJVUVZJPIPSLH
ZLN\P[VKP\UHWPJJVSHZJVY[LJJPH[\YHJOLPSYHJJVNSP[VYLWYH[PJHHSJVSSL[[VKLSSHWPHU[PUHWYPTHKPJH]HYSHKHS[LYYLUV:L
ZP[YH[[HKP\UVSLHZ[YVS»PUJYPUH[\YHKLSSHJVY[LJJPHKP]PLULZ\IP[V]PVSHJLHWYVIHIPSTLU[LWLYJOtWPƒYPJJHLWPƒWYVU[H
HSS»VZZPKHaPVULKLSSHZVZ[HUaH[HUUPJHKLSSHX\HSLS»VSLHZ[YVHIIVUKHTLU[YLS»HUHSVNVWYVJLKPTLU[VWLYS»VSP]HZ[YVu
TVS[VWPƒSLU[VLTLUVHWWHYPZJLU[LÏVYHTHP\U»HY[LWYLZZVJOtZJVTWHYZH®
3»VSP]VJVS[P]H[VVKVTLZ[PJVKLÄUP[Vtermite o termitignuZLUH[VKHZLTLKHSSLNUHTLK\YVLMVY[LWYLMLYPZJL
[LYYLUPJHSJHYLVHYNPSSVZPZVMÄJPWLYTLHIPSPMYLZJOPTHUVU\TPKPJOLHS[YPTLU[PMH]VYPYLIILYVSVZ]PS\WWVKLSSHWPHU[H
U\VJLUKV HSSH MY\[[PÄJHaPVUL L JVS [LTWV HUJOL HSS»HWWHYH[V YHKPJHSL ILUJOt WYVMVUKV L ILU ZHSKH[V HS [LYYLUV Ï
WYLMLYPIPSLWLY[HU[VPTWPHU[HYLNSPVSP]L[PZ\[LYYLUPLZWVZ[PHZ\KV]LZ[VZ\KLZ[
3»HSILYVWYLZLU[HYHTPÅLZZPIPSPMVNSPLVIS\UNOLVLSSP[[PJOLV[[\ZLHSS»LZ[YLTP[nKPJVSVYL]LYKLNYPNPVHSSHWHNPUH
Z\WLYPVYLLKHYNLU[LVPUX\LSSHPUMLYPVYLYPJVWLY[HKP\UHTVYIPKPZZPTHWLS\YPH
3HJOPVTHuNLULYHSTLU[LYPJJHLJVUMLYPZJLS»HZWL[[VTHLZ[VZVHSS»PU[LYVHSILYV"LZZH[\[[H]PHuPUÅ\LUaH[HKHP
ZPZ[LTPKPWV[H[\YHJOLuW\YLKL[LYTPUHU[LWLYSHM\UaPVULU\[YP[P]H
0 ÄVYP TVS[V WPJJVSP IPHUJHZ[YP KLSPJH[PZZPTP LYTHMYVKP[P YP\UP[P PU PUÄVYLZJLUaL HZJLSSHYP H NYHWWVSP JOP\ZP
JOL ZW\U[HUV PU WYPTH]LYH L ZP ZJOP\KVUV ]LYZV THNNPVNP\NUV JVZ[P[\PZJVUV SH JVZPKKL[[H ¸TPNUVSH¹ V ¸TPNUH¹" H
MLJVUKHaPVULH]]LU\[HPÄVYPWLYKVUVSHJVYVSSHLZW\U[HUVSLWPJJVSLVSP]L0SMY\[[Vu\UHKY\WHJHYUVZHJVUMVYTH
LKPTLUZPVUP]HYPHIPSPPUYLSHaPVULHSSL]HYPL[nJVS[\YHSPYP]LZ[P[HKP\ULWPJHYWVSPZJPVLS\JPKV!]LYKLX\HUK»uHJLYIVL
ULYHZ[YVVULYVYVZZHZ[YVX\HUK»uTH[\YV3HWVSWHZPWYLZLU[H]LYKHZ[YHVSLVZHHKLYLU[LHSUVJJPVSVSLNUVZVV]VPKHSL
contenente un solo seme.
+HSSH]P[HS\UNOPZZPTHS»VSP]VW\~YLNVSHYTLU[LMY\[[PÄJHYLWLYK\L[YLJLU[VHUUP"SHSVUNL]P[nKPWLUKLKHSSLJVUKPaPVUP
JSPTH[PJOLKHSSHUH[\YHKLS[LYYLUVKHSSLTHSH[[PLJOLPUL]P[HIPSTLU[LSVJVSWPZJVUV
0S[YVUJVWYLZLU[HSHJVY[LJJPHIY\UHZ[YHWLYJVYZHKHZJYLWVSH[\YLJOLZPL]PKLUaPHUVJVUS»L[nX\HUKVZPYHTPÄJH
ZPJVU[VYJLLZWLZZVKP]LU[HJH]V:VWYH[[\[[VKHLZZVZPYPJH]H\USLNUVJOLOHJVTLJHYH[[LYPZ[PJOLWLJ\SPHYPSHNYHUKL
K\YLaaHLSHJVTWH[[LaaHSHYLZPZ[LUaHHS[HYSVLHKHS[YPWHYHZZP[PSHZ\ZJL[[PIPSP[nKPSL]PNH[\YHLWPHJL]VSPPUHZWL[[H[L
]HYPLNH[\YLKPJVSVYL!uWYLMLYP[VWLYSHYLHSPaaHaPVULKPVNNL[[PPU[HYZPH[PV[VYUP[PLSH]VYPKPLIHUPZ[LYPHVKPJHYWLU[LYPH
LPUWHZZH[VWLYPU[HNSPHYLHSJ\ULWHY[PKLSSLPTIHYJHaPVUPWLYYPJH]HYLSLY\V[LKLPJHYYL[[PH[[YLaaPKPSH]VYVLKP[LSHP
tradizionali.
25
0SSLNUVuTVS[VWYLNPH[VHUJOLJVTLJVTI\Z[PIPSLWLY
HSPTLU[HYLPSMVJVSHYLLKuKL[[VPUNLYNVaschia o ascaZJOLNNPH
KPSLNUHS\UNHWLaaVKPSLNUVKHIY\JPHYLJOLULSSHWHYSH[H
KPHSL[[HSL u ZPUVUPTV KP WLYZVUH WPNYH HSSH X\HSL ZP PUKPYPaaH
S»LZWYLZZPVUL!Ce aschia tieni&WLYZV[[VSPULHYULSHWVS[YVULYPH"
TLU[YL WLY MHYL \U JVTWSPTLU[V HK \UH KVUUH H]]LULU[L ZP
KPJL!Sinti na bona asca o scarda(UJVYH!asca siccataZJOLNNPH
ZLJJH[H WYLÄN\YH \UH WLYZVUH THNYH YPUZLJJOP[H" SH MYHZL
ZJOLYaVZHasca de lu stessu taccaruZJOLNNPHWLaaVKPSLNUH
KLSSVZ[LZZVJLWWVZPYP]VSNLHWLYZVUHJOLOHSVZ[LZZVJHYH[[LYL
o la stessa mania della razza cui appartiene.
Il rimondatore nnaschiaJPVu[VNSPLKHS[YVUJVKLSS»VSP]V
KPZ[HJJHUKVULPS]LJJOPVLKPSMYHJPKV0S]LYIVnnaschiareOHPS
ZPNUPÄJH[VKP[VNSPLYLKP\N\HNSPHYLLZPTPSP0SIV[[HPVnnaschia
SL KVNOL V SH IV[[L \N\HNSPHUKVUL SL HZWYLaaL" PS T\YH[VYL
nnaschia un muro apponendo nei vuoti sverze di pietra e
pareggiando con l’intonaco. Aschia nel dialetto corrisponde a
Z]LYaH.VYNVUP
6S[YL H WYVK\YYL PS JP[H[V SLNUV \UH JHYH[[LYPZ[PJH
WLJ\SPHYL KLSS»VSP]V ZHSLU[PUV L ZVS[HU[V KP LZZV u X\LSSH KP
LTL[[LYLPUZLN\P[VHMLYP[LWYVKV[[LKHWHY[PJVSHYPPUZL[[P\UH
¸SHNYPTH¹ V ¸YHNPH¹ JOL ZVSPKPÄJHUKVZP H JVU[H[[V KLSS»HYPH
MH YHWWYLUKLYL \UH YLZPUH [YH S»HS[YV WYVM\TH[PZZPTH JOL PU
passato veniva bruciata come l’incenso ed era già conosciuta
KHNSPHU[PJOP.YLJP
Nel comune di Monteroni esisteva una vera e propria
PUK\Z[YPH WLY SH YHJJVS[H KP X\LZ[H YLZPUH" SH YHJJVS[H H]]LUP]H
WLYTLaaVKP\UHJHUUH[HNSPH[HHSS»LZ[YLTP[nHILJJVKPÅH\[V
JSHYPUL[[VVMYH\S\SHJ\PMVYTHYPJOPHTHSVZ[Y\TLU[VT\ZPJHSL
WYPTVYKPHSLMH[[VW\YLKPJHUUHKPSHYNV\ZVÄUVHWVJOPHUUP
or sono presso i pastori salentini.
Nel linguaggio popolare alle resine in genere e
WHY[PJVSHYTLU[LHX\LSSLKLSS»\SP]VKPJVSVYLIPHUJVNPHSSHZ[YV
si dava il nome di omba5HYK~LKPumma (nelle rimanenti aree
del Salento) da gummis NVTTH :LJVUKV SV Z[VYPJV 5PJVSH
=HJJH[HSLZVY[HKPNVTTHLYH\ZH[HJVTLJVSSHLWHYLHUJOL
JVTL]LYUPJLWLYP]PVSPUP5LSS»HU[PJH.YLJPH]LUP]HHKVWLYH[H
come cicatrizzante.
27
28
30
­4PNUH L TPNUVSH 8\HU[P[n KP TPNUVSP V NYHWWVSPUP KLSSL
IVJJPVSPULJOLJVZ[P[\PZJVUVSHÄVYP[\YHKLSS»\SP]V
4PNUVSH[\YH 4PNUVSHYL 0S TL[[LYL M\VYP JOL MH S»VSP]V SL
IVJJPVSPUL SL X\HSP YLZ[HUV JOP\ZL [YL ZL[[PTHUL V KH ]HU[HNNPV LK
HSSVYJOtHWYVUVKPJLZPJOLS»HSILYVZPHÄVYP[V
0S KPHSL[[V SLJJLZL UVU OH \U ]VJHIVSV WYVWYPV JOL LZWYPTH
X\LZ[V Z[H[V KLSS»\SP]V! SL TPNUL JOPHTH rappe LK PS TPNUVSHYL
ÄVYP[\YHLÄVYPYLCernere e mundare dicesi il cadere delle corollucce;
¸JLYULS»LU[YH[H¹"LZyJOLNSPHSILYPZVTPNSPHUVHZ[HJJPJOLTHUKHUV
NPƒ MHYPUH Coppedda (coppella) il calicetto dell’oliva. “Ssire de la
JVWWLKKH¹KPJLZPS»HSSLNHYLLKPSWYVZWLYHYLKLSS»VSP]L[[H!\ZHZPHUJOL
il verbo scopparescrapparePSJHKLYLKLPNYHWWVSL[[PKLSSHÄVYP[\YH
0U WYV]PUJPH JVYYL PS KL[[V! ¸:L TPNUVSH K»HWYPSL JVNSP S»VSPV
col barile [sarà abbondante]; se mignola di maggio avrai dell’olio un
saggio” o altrimenti “Se mignola di maggio va’ col saggio” cioè avrai
\UÄHZJVK»VSPV"¸ZLTPNUVSHKPNP\NUV]H»JVSW\NUV¹JPVuSHYHJJVS[H
ZHYnZJHYZPZZPTH®.VYNVUP
7LYSHJOPLZHJH[[VSPJHPSTHYaVuPSNPVYUVKLSS»(UU\UJPHaPVUL
KLS :PNUVYL L X\PUKP SH JVTTLTVYHaPVUL KLSSH JVUJLaPVUL KLS
-PNSPVKP+PVULSNYLTIVKLSSH=LYNPULWLYVWLYHKLSSV:WPYP[V:HU[V
3»(UU\UJPHaPVUL JHKL UV]L TLZP WYPTH KLS 5H[HSL X\HUKV ]LKL SH
S\JL¸PSMY\[[VILULKL[[VKLS]LU[YL[\V¹JVTLYLJP[HPS:HS]L9LNPUH
3»L]LU[V ZP ]LYPÄJH HUJOL ULS TVUKV ]LNL[HSL! P ZLTP ZP
KPZJOP\KVUVLSLWPHU[LLTL[[VUVU\V]PNLYTVNSPKHJ\PZ]PS\WWLYHUUV
PMY\[[P5LSSHJ\S[\YHJVU[HKPUHPSMLUVTLUV]LNL[H[P]VPUNLULYHSLu
YPIHKP[VKHHSJ\UPWYV]LYIPSLNH[PHSSHZVWYHKKL[[HKH[HHSJHSLUKHYPV
UVUJOt HSSH TL[LVYVSVNPH! te l’Annunziata ogne erba e’ llicenziata
dell’Annunziata ogni erba è licenziata ossia tallisce; te l’Annunziata
la sementa e’ nataKLSS»(UU\UaPH[HPSZLTLuUH[VJPVuuNLYTVNSPH[V"
te l’Annunziata’ntrata parataKLSS»(UU\UaPH[HLU[YH[HHKKVIIH[HULS
31
ZLUZVJOLPÄVYPKLSS»VSP]VZIVJJPHUVLS»HSILYVHWWHYLJVULZLMVZZL
ornato; marzu mprena l’arveriTHYaVMLJVUKHNSPHSILYP"marzu pacciu
e ventaruluTWYLUHS»HY]\S\LJHJJPHS\Ä\Y\THYaVWHaaVL]LU[VZV
MLJVUKHS»HSILYVLMHZW\U[HYLPSÄVYL
3L ]HYPL[n [YHKPaPVUHSP H[[\HSP ZVUV S»¹6NSPHYVSH¹ UV[H JVTL
6NSPHYVSH 3LJJLZL V :HSLU[PUH SH ¸*LSSPUH KP 5HYK~¹ KL[[H HUJOL
:HYHJLUHLKPS3LJJPUV
3»6NSPHYVSH u WPƒ NLU[PSL TLUV YLZPZ[LU[L HSSL H]]LYZP[n
H[TVZMLYPJOL HP YPZ[HNUP K»HJX\H L HSSL THSH[[PL /H [YV]H[V PS Z\V
HTIPLU[LPKLHSLWYPUJPWHSTLU[LULSSHaVUHJOL]HKHS*HWVKP3L\JH
HSSLWVY[LKP:JVYYHUVKV]LuJVS[P]H[HZ\[LYYLUPYVJJPVZPLMVYUPZJL
prodotto relativamente costante ed alta resa in olio.
3H*LSSPUHuWPƒY\Z[PJHJHYH[[LYPaaHPS¸*HTWV=LYKL¹JPVuSH
THNUPÄJHWPHUHHSS\]PVUHSL[YH9\MMHUV:\WLYZHUV*VSSLWHZZV5VOH
*\[YVÄHUV :JVYYHUV 5HYK~ KV]L \[PSPaaH [LYYLUP WYVMVUKP ZWLZZV
[LUKLU[PHSS»\TPKV"HZZ\TLWYVWVYaPVUPNPNHU[LZJOLLKnWYVK\aPVUP
KPVSP]L]LYHTLU[LLSL]H[LX\HU[\UX\LZWLZZVJVUZJHYZHYLZHPUVSPV
5LNSP\S[PTP[LTWP]PuZ[H[H\UH[LUKLUaHHWYLMLYPYLSH*LSSPUH
HSS»6NSPHYVSHWLYSHTHNNPVYLX\HU[P[nKPMY\[[PÄJHaPVUL3H*LSSPUHu
WPƒWYLJVJLKLSS»6NSPHYVSH
3»VSPV YPJH]H[V KHSS»6NSPHYVSH SLNNLYTLU[L MY\[[H[V L [LUKLU[L
HS KVSJL u HKH[[V KH HZZVJPHYL HS WLZJL HP JYVZ[HJLP HP Z\NOP LK
HNSP HYYVZ[P 8\LSSV YPJH]H[V KHSSH *LSSPUH u ]PNVYVZV L KHP [VUP
SLNNLYTLU[LWPJJHU[PHKH[[VZ\PWPH[[PHJY\KV0S3LJJPUVNLULYH\U
VSPVKHSSHMYHNYHUaHKLSPJH[HLMVY[LTLU[LWYVM\TH[VJOLZPN\Z[HZ\
WPL[HUaLHJY\KVLKuV[[PTVWLYJVUKPYLWPH[[PWPƒYPJLYJH[P
32
33
N
el Salento l’ulìa o alìaVSP]HULSTLZLKPZL[[LTIYLuNPnNYVZZHLZPKPZ[PUN\VUVUL[[HTLU[LSHWVSWHLPSUVJJPVSV"
ULPZ\JJLZZP]PTLZPKPV[[VIYLUV]LTIYLLKPJLTIYLHZLJVUKHKLSSLSVJHSP[nLKLSSL]HYPL[nPSJVSVYL]LYKLJVTPUJPHH
[YHT\[HYZPPUYVZHÄUVHKP]LU[HYLYVZZV]PUH[VLZLTWYLWPƒZPTPSLHS]PUVniuru maruULYVHTHYVJVTL]PLULJOPHTH[V
PUKPHSL[[VPS]P[PNUVKLS5LNYVHTHYVPUKPaP]HSPKPWLYPUPaPHYLSHYHJJVS[H3»LZWYLZZPVULtieni n’ecchiu niuru comu na ulìa
OHP\UVJJOPVULYVJVTL\U»VSP]H\U[LTWVLYHYP]VS[HHJOPWYLZLU[H]H\UHL]PKLU[LLJJOPTVZPTHPUHSJ\ULJP[HaPVUP
letterarie indicava il nero intenso della pupilla).
3H TH[\YHaPVUL KLSSL VSP]L UVU H]]PLUL ZPT\S[HULHTLU[L PU [\[[P P YHTP KP \UV Z[LZZV HSILYV TH PUPaPH HK
LMML[[\HYZPZ\X\LSSPWPƒLZ[LYUPLWPƒHYLH[PTHNNPVYTLU[LLTLNSPVLZWVZ[PHPYHNNPZVSHYP"ULSSLHUUH[LWYVÄJ\LSLVSP]L
ZPYHJJVSNVUVWLYHSTLUVX\H[[YVJPUX\LTLZP
0JVU[HKPUPKP\U[LTWV\ZH]HUVKPYL!le ulie hannu pustu l’egghiuSLVSP]LOHUUVKPZWVZ[VS»VSPVWLYZPNUPÄJHYL
JOLTVS[VWYPTHJOLKP]LU[HZZLYVTH[\YLZPW\~WYLZHNPYLSHMVYTHaPVULKPVSPVLTHNHYPWYL]LU[P]HYULSHX\HU[P[nLK
\ZH]HUVS»HNNL[[P]VPUUVSPH[VPUVSPH[VX\HUKV]LKL]HUVSLVSP]LNP\U[LWYLZZHWWVJVHSSHTH[\YP[n"ZLJVUKVPS]LJJOPV
JHSLUKHYPVY\YHSLPSMLUVTLUVHJJHKYLIIL]LYZVS»V[[VKPV[[VIYLLJVUMLYTH[VKHSKL[[VWHUP[HSPHUV!WLY:HU[H3PILYH[H
l’uliva è inoliata.
0ULMML[[PKHSTLZLKPV[[VIYL\UHKLSSLH[[P]P[nKLSJVU[HKPUVJOLHZZVYILTVS[VKLSZ\VSH]VYVNPVYUHSPLYVuSH
YHJJVS[HKLSSLVSP]LZPHKPX\LSSLZWVU[HULHTLU[LJHK\[LKHNSPHSILYPVWLYJOtNPnTH[\YLVWLYS»HaPVULKLS]LU[VZPH
KLSSLHS[YLYPTHZ[LH[[HJJH[LHPYHTP5LSWYPTVJHZV[\[[VYH]PNLPSZPZ[LTHKPYHJJH[[HYLSLVSP]LHTHUVHTHUVJOL
JHKVUVHIP[\KPULJOLPUÅ\PZJLULNH[P]HTLU[LZ\SSHX\HSP[nKLNSPVSPLZ\SS»LJVUVTPHKLSSHJVS[\YHZVWYH[[\[[VZLSLVSP]L
WLYTHUNVUVZ\S[LYYLUVWLYKP]LYZPNPVYUP5LSZLJVUKVJHZVVWLYHPLZWLY[PZHSNVUVZ\SS»HSILYVZLY]LUKVZPKPZJHSLH
WPVSPTVS[LS\UNOLLHMMLYYHUKVPYHTPJVUSLTHUPHTV»KPWL[[PULSLYHJJVSNVUVKLWVULUKVSLULPJLZ[PVWW\YLSHZJPHUV
JHKLYLPMY\[[PH[LYYHKV]LWYLJLKLU[LTLU[LZVUVZ[H[PZPZ[LTH[PHWWVZP[P[LSP
<UZPZ[LTH[YHKPaPVUHSLWYL]LKL]HJOLSHYHJJVS[HZPLMML[[\HZZLULScotulàre le olive ossia nello scuotere i rami
WLYMHYLJHKLYLX\LSSLTH[\YLLX\LSSLTHSH[LWLY\UHUVYTHSLYPK\aPVULKLSSHSVYVMVYaHKPH[[HJJHTLU[VHPYHTP:L
PU]LJLKPZJ\V[LYLPYHTPSPZPIH[[L]HUVJVU\UHJHUUHJVU\UH]LYNHVJVUSLTHUPZPZ[YHWWH]HUVKHPYHTPHSSVYHZP
diceva spruàre le olive.
La stessa operazione dello spruareSLVSP]LZL]PLULYP]VS[HHK\UUVJLVHK\UTHUKVYSVJHTIPHUVTLLUVUu
WPƒspruàta ma scotulàta.
Dalle olive spruate ZP \ZH]H L ZP \ZH ZLSLaPVUHYL X\LSSL JOL ZV[[VWVZ[L HK \U [YH[[HTLU[V KP JVUZLY]HaPVUL PU
ZHSHTVPHJVZ[P[\PZJVUVSLulie salateVSP]LZHSH[LPTWPLNH[LPUJ\JPUHULPKP]LYZPTHUPJHYL[[P
0UWHZZH[VZPZVSL]H]LUKLYLPSMY\[[VHUJVYHH[[HJJH[VHSYHTVWVPJOtZPJYLKL]HJOLLZZVJVU[PU\HUKVHYPTHULYL
sul ramo maturasse maggiore olio - quantu cchiu pende cchiu rrendeX\HU[VWPƒWLUKLWPƒYLUKL"PJVTWYH[VYPKP
VSP]LKL[[PcumprarieriYHNNP\UNL]HUVHJJVYKPJVUPWYVWYPL[HYPKLNSPHSILYPPSNPVYUVUV]LTIYLYLJHUKVZPULSS»VSP]L[V
JVUPN\HU[PWLYWYV[LNNLYZPKHSMYLKKVJVTLYPJVYKHS»LZWYLZZPVUL!de tutti li santi li cumprarieri cu li uanti.
:LJVUKVSH[YHKPaPVULWLYPJVTWYH[VYPS»HJX\PZ[VKLSSLVSP]LLYHYV]PUVZHKHJ\PPSKL[[V!
Dice ca tinge niuru lu vetriulu
Ma comu la ulìa nun c’e’ lu paru
Tinge lu cumprarieri unu pe unu.
34
:PKPJLJOLPS]L[YPVSV[PUNLKPULYV
Ma come l’oliva non c’è paragone
;PUNLPSJVTWYH[VYL\UVWLY\UV
35
L
HYHJJVS[HLYHHMÄKH[HLSVu[\[[VYHX\HZPLZJS\ZP]HTLU[LHSSLKVUULHSSLÄTTLULJOLJVUSLTHUPYH[[YHWWP[LWLYPS
NLSVSLIY\JH]HUVKHSS»HSILYVVSLYHJJH[[H]HUVKH[LYYHKVWVH]LYSLYHK\UH[LJVUSLZJVWL
0WPƒJVU[PU\HUVSHYHJJVS[HHJVUK\aPVULMHTPSPHYLLX\LZ[V\ZVuKL[[H[VKHSMH[[VJOLSHTHUVK»VWLYHVJVTLZP
KPJL¸S\J\THUK\¹OHYHNNP\U[VSP]LSSPKPYL[YPI\aPVULUVUZLTWYLYLT\ULYH[P]PWLYSLZWLZL
(K(YHKLVYPJVYKH3\PNP)PHUJV[HSLSH]VYVWYVWYPV­HSSLKVUULLYHWHNH[VTLUVLKLYHUVJOPHTH[LJVU\UHW\U[H
KPKPZWYLaaVKHSSLSH]VYH[YPJPMVYLZ[PLYL¸ZPNU\YL¹WLYJOtW\YZNVIIHUKVKPSH]VYVULSSLWYVWYPLJHTWHNULWLY\UZLUZVKP
HS[LaaVZP[nUVUHJJL[[H]HUVX\HZPTHPPSSH]VYVHSSHNPVYUH[H7LYJOtSHYHJJVS[HKLSSLVSP]LUVUKV]LZZLPUPaPHYLKVWVPSZVYNLYL
KLSZVSLHK(YHKLVLYHPUKPZWLUZHIPSLJOLSHUV]LUHKLSS»0TTHJVSH[HÄUPZZLWYLZ[V®
7YPTHKLSS»PU[YVK\aPVULKLPWHUPLYPLYHUVJVZ[YL[[LHYPLTWPYL\UHZVY[HKP[HZJHPSJVZPKKL[[V­JHWW\JJP\\UZHJJOL[[V
JOLSLNH]HUVHSSHJPU[VSHHTVKVKPNYLTIP\SLSVZ[LZZVHX\LSSVJOL¸ZP\ZHSLNHYLHSSH[LZ[HKLSSLILZ[PLWLYJOtPULZZV
THUNPUV SH WYVMLUKH HSSVYJOt Z[HUUV PU JHTWHNUH® .VYNVUP 0U WYVWVZP[V YPWVY[PHTV SH KLZJYPaPVUL KP X\LZ[V ZLJVSHYL
sistema di raccolta tratta dal suggestivo MemorialeKP7PL[YV9LMVSV!­B¯D:PJVWYP]HUVSLZWHSSLJVS¸JHWW\JJPV¹\UHZWLJPLKP
TLaaHIPZHJJPHJOLZPSLNH]HUVWVPHSSHJPU[VSHULSSLVYLKPSH]VYV"PZ[P[\aPVULZLJVSHYLHSSHX\HSLNSPHNYHYPUVUYPU\UJPH]HUV
JVTLUVUYPU\UJPH]HUVSLJVU[HKPULHSSHSV[[HWLYSPILYHYZPKH\UZPZ[LTHKPSH]VYVJOLSLMHJL]HPU]LJJOPHYLWYLJVJLTLU[L
LJOLSHZJPH]HZ\SJVYWVPSZ\VZLNUVTHZZHJYHU[LLK\TPSPHU[L(YYP]H[VZ\SMVUKVPSWHKYVULVPSMH[[VYLZLUaHJVUJLKLYL
SVYV\UZVSVTPU\[VKPZVZ[HVYKPUH]HPSSH]VYV3LNH[VZPPSJHWW\JJPVILUILULHSSHJPU[VSHJOPULHSZ\VSVYHJJVNSPL]HUVSL
VSP]LJVUHTIVSLTHUP:\SS»PUPaPVPSSH]VYVUVULYH[HU[VTHZZHJYHU[LTH[HSLKP]LUP]HX\HUKVPSJHWW\JJPVJOLH]L]H
SHJHWHJP[nKPJVU[LULYL\UHX\PUKPJPUHKPJOPSPKPVSP]LLZWLaaH]HSVYVSHZJOPLUH[HU[VJOLX\HZP[\[[LLYHUVJVZ[YL[[LH
T\V]LYZPZHS[HUKVJVTL[HU[LYHUL*VZyÄUVHX\HUKVPSJHWW\JJPVUVULYHZ[H[VYPLTWP[VL]\V[H[VKLJPULLKLJPULKP]VS[L
ÄUVHJOLPSZVSLUVUMVZZL[YHTVU[H[V3HZLYHHMMYHU[LZLUaHH]LYLWPƒSHMVYaHKPYLNNLYZPPUWPLKPKV]L]HUVWYLUKLYLSH
]PHKLSYP[VYUVJPVuIPZVNUH]HMHYLHSJ\UPJOPSVTL[YPKPZ[YHKHHWPLKPWLY[VYUHYZLULHJHZHB¯D<UH[HSL]P[HJOLLYHK\YH[H
TPSSLUUPSLJVU[HKPULKPX\LSS»LWVJHUVUZLSHZLU[P]HUVKP[PYHYSHWPƒVS[YL
B¯D;\[[L SL KVUUL JVU[HKPUL YHJJVNSP[YPJP KP VSP]L ULSSH SVYV X\HZP [V[HSP[n [HU[V KP 4HNSPL JOL KLP WHLZP ]PJPUP
WLYJLWP]HUV\UZHSHYPVKPZLPZVSKPHSNPVYUVTLU[YLX\LSSVKLNSP\VTPUPHYYP]H]HHSTHZZPTVH3®
0UZLN\P[VHK\UVZJPVWLYVNLULYHSLLMML[[\H[VPWYPTPTLZPKLS JHWLNNPH[VKHSS»(]]*HYSV4H\YVKVWVUVUWVJOL
YP[YH[[HaPVUPKHWHY[LKLP¸WHKYVUP¹HSNYPKVKP¸(IIHZZ\S\JHWW\JJP\=P]HS\WHUHY\¹ZPHIVSyPSMHTPNLYH[VZ[Y\TLU[VKPYHJJVS[H
LZPPU[YVK\ZZLPSWHUPLYLPUZPLTLHSSHYPK\aPVULKLSSLVYLKPSH]VYVLKHSS»H\TLU[VKLSSHWHNH®
3H]P[[VYPHKLSSLYHJJVNSP[YPJPKPVSP]LX\PULJLZZHYPHTLU[LLZWVZ[HZ\JJPU[HTLU[LYHWWYLZLU[~\U]P]HJLZ[PTVSVHK
PU[YHWYLUKLYLLULYNPJOLSV[[LWLYYP]LUKPJHaPVUPLJVUX\PZ[LKPKPYP[[PKPHS[YHTHUVKVWLYHHNYPJVSHVPTWPLNH[HULPMYHU[VPKLP
WYPUJPWHSPJLU[YPKLS:HSLU[VJVTL4\YV3LJJLZL:JVYYHUV;H]PHUV7YLZPJJL;YPJHZL
37
38
3HYHJJVS[HKLSSLVSP]LH]]LUP]HHUJOLZV[[VSLPU[LTWLYPL!cu l’acqua e cu la nie se ccojene le ulieJVUSHWPVNNPHL
JVUSHUL]LZPYHJJVSNVUVSLVSP]L"WLYHSSL]PHYLPSMYLKKVKP[HU[VPU[HU[VSLKVUUL[LUL]HUVZ[YL[[H[YHSLKP[HKLSSLTHUP
PU[PYPaaP[LSHWPL[YHJOLWVUL]HUVULSSH[HZJHKLSNYLTIP\SLKVWVH]LYSHYPZJHSKH[HWLYX\HSJOLTPU\[VZ\SSHfocareddhra
WPJJVSVMHS~PTWYV]]PZH[VULSMVUKVVSP]L[H[V"HUKH]Hte sule a suleKHSS»HSIHHS[YHTVU[VLZPPU[LYYVTWL]HZVS[HU[V
]LYZVTLaaVNPVYUVLK\YH]HPS[LTWVULJLZZHYPVWLYJVUZ\THYL\UHMY\NHSLmarendaTLYLUKHVZZPH\UWLaaVKPWHUL
JHZLYLJJPVTHNHYPHJJVTWHNUH[VJVUSLVSP]LJVS[LKHNSPHSILYPHSTVTLU[V
0UX\LZ[P]LYZPuYPJVYKH[VPSK\YVSH]VYVKLSSLYHJJVNSP[YPJP!
Fimmene ci cujiti le vulie cujitili netti li cijari ci li sordi mei li vuliti
cu bbè ccattati li suttavistiani.
+VUULJOLYHJJVNSPL[LSLVSP]L
YHJJVNSPL[LSL[\[[LUVUSHZJPH[LULULHUJOL\UH
ZLPZVSKPTPLPSP]VSL[L
così vi comprate le sottane.
8\HSLLYHSHWHNHYPJVUVZJP\[HHSSLYHJJVNSP[YPJP&3HSHZJPHTVPTTHNPUHYLKVWVH]LYLSL[[VPZLN\LU[P]LYZP!
FimmeneJJ\PQ[PÄ[[\S\JPQnY\"
li sordi ca bù dau li benedicu
bu ne ccattàti nuci pe Natale.
+VUULYHJJVNSPL[L[\[[LSLVSP]L
PZVSKPJOL]PKVSPILULKPJV
vi comprate noci per Natale.
<UHWYLJPZHaPVULPUWYVWVZP[V!PUWHZZH[VSLUVJPYHWWYLZLU[H]HUV\UJPIVKPS\ZZVJOLUVULYHLZZLUaPHSLJVTL
PS WHUL L JOL SL YHJJVNSP[YPJP [YHKPaPVUHSTLU[L L Z[YHVYKPUHYPHTLU[L WLY MLZ[LNNPHYL PS 5H[HSL WV[L]HUV JVUJLKLYZP
JVUSHWHNHYPJL]\[H"WHYHKVZZHSTLU[LULNSPVSP]L[PZWLZZV]PLYHUVWPHU[H[PHUJOLHSILYPKPUVJLTHPSMY\[[V]LUP]H
PUZHJJOL[[H[VLWVY[H[VHSTLYJH[VULPNPVYUPHYPKVZZVKLSSLMLZ[P]P[nUH[HSPaPLZLUaHJOLMVZZLLSHYNP[VHSSLYHJJVNSP[YPJP
ma destinato alla vendita al pubblico.
In entrambi i brani poetici ricorre il termine cijaru-riJOLYPN\HYKHPSJLYJOPVKP[LYYHZV[[VZ[HU[LHSSHJOPVTHKLNSP
VSP]PYPW\SP[VKHSSLLYILWLYJVUZLU[PYLSHYHJJVS[HKLSSLKY\WLZWVU[HULHTLU[LJHK\[LHTHUVHTHUVJOLTH[\YHUV
(JJHKLJOLHSJ\ULVSP]LZWPU[LKHS]LU[VVYPTIHSaH[LZ\S[LYYLUVJHKLUKVÄUPZJHUVVS[YLPSZVWYHKKL[[VJLYJOPV
JVUZPKLYH[VJVTL\UHZVY[HKPSPTP[LHUKHUKVHÄUPYLZ\PJPNSPLYIVZPJOLZWLZZVZVUVJVZ[P[\P[PKHYV]PZ[LYWPLWPL[YL
[HNSPLU[PLJOLZL[VJJH[PMHUUVTHSLHSSLTHUPNVUÄLLZLUZPIPSPWLYPSMYLKKV"SLYHJJVNSP[YPJPKLSWHZZH[VYPJOPHTH[L
ULSIYHUVWVL[PJVLYHUV[LU[H[LKPUVUN\HYKHYLVS[YLPcijariTHZPJJVTLPSWYVWYPL[HYPV[LYYPLYVLYHX\HU[VTHP]PNPSL
LJVU[YVSSH]HJOLSLVSP]LMVZZLYVYHJJVS[LTPU\aPVZHTLU[LWYL[LUKL]HJOLKV]LZZLYVZJV]HYZPLKLZZLYLYHJJH[[H[LW\YL
X\LSSLÄUP[L[YHNSPZ[LYWP
7LYX\HU[VPJVU[YVSSPMVZZLYVYPNPKPWV[L]H]LYPÄJHYZPJOLX\HSJOLVSP]HZM\NNPZZLHSSHYHJJVS[HLKHSSVYHWYVWYPVPU
X\LZ[PZWHaPPUJVS[P[YHPYV]PPUMLZ[HU[PHSSHÄULKLSSHZ[HNPVULKPYHJJVS[HSLYPUNH[YPJPKVUULJOLWLYULJLZZP[nHUKH]HUV
H YPUNH WHYVSH KLYP]HU[L KHS NLYTHUPJV aringa JPVu H ZWPNVSHYL YP\ZJP]HUV H YHJJVNSPLYL \U W\NUV KP VSP]L JVU J\P
insaporire le misere pietanze.
Durante la ringa così come durante la raccolta delle zippitèddhre «i manipoli
KPKVUULIHTIPUPL]LJJOPUVUJHU[H]HUVTHPX\HZPJVUZHWL]VSPKP[YV]HYZPPU\UH
ZP[\HaPVULHPSPTP[PKLSSLJP[V8\LZ[LVWLYHaPVUPKPYHJJH[[VZPZ]VSNL]HUVPUZPSLUaPV
JVUH[[LNNPHTLU[VM\Y[P]V*PZP]LYNVNUH]HKPKV]LY]PYPJVYYLYLTHLYH[\[[H]PH\UH
condizione comune alla stragrande maggioranza della popolazione rurale.
Andare per zippitèddhre LYH JVTL HUKHYL H YPUNH KLSSL VSP]L ZM\NNP[L HSSH
YHJJVS[HKLSWHKYVULVHSSLracioppeYHJPTVSPULSSH]PNUHKV]LNPnZ»LYH]LUKLTTPH[V
Le zippiteddhre ZVUV P WPJJVSP YHTP KP VSP]V ZM\NNP[P HSSH YHJJVS[H KLS SLNH[VYL JOL
ZLN\LPYPMVUKH[VYP0YHJJVNSP[VYPKPzippiteddhre normalmente seguivano ad una certa
KPZ[HUaH P YPMVUKH[VYP L PS SLNH[VYL 8\HUKV JVZ[VYV ÄUP[H SH NPVYUH[H KP SH]VYV HS
[YHTVU[VHIIHUKVUH]HUVPSJHTWVWVY[HUKVZP]PHZ\PtrainiJHYYL[[PSLsàrcenePMHZJP
KPYHTPKLSNPVYUVNSPzippuràriUVYTHSTLU[LKVUULLIHTIPUPPU]HKL]HUVPSJHTWV
LYHJJVNSPL]HUVPYPTHZ\NSPJVUPX\HSPVNU\UVKPLZZPJVUMLaPVUH]H\UHsàrcenaJOL
ZPWVY[H]HHJHZHHZWHSSHVZ\SSH[LZ[H:WLZZVPSSLNH[VYLJOLK\YHU[LSHNPVYUH[HH]L]H
osservato gli zippuràriHNNPYHYZPULPKPU[VYUPMHJL]HÄU[HKPKPTLU[PJHYLX\HSJOLYHTV
WPƒNYVZZVX\HSJOLtàccaruJPVJJVPUTLaaVHSSLWPHU[LKPYV]VVKPL[YV\UHYVJJPH
Per gli zippuràriX\LStàccaruLYHJVTL\UHILULKPaPVULKP+PV®+L)SHZP
40
41
42
43
Ceròn alè
Tempo di olive
Arte pu tràmafse ji tsichra otikanè 7\Y\[HÄKKOHWHU\Z[HWVYHKKPH
Sto fzemeròsi mu lèan na nitso ‘a maddia
Na pao me jineke stes alè
8\HUKV[\[[V[YLTH]HWLYPSMYLKKV
7\YLSLMVNSPLKLNSP\SP]P
(SS»HSIHTPVYKPUH]HUVKPHWYPYLNSPVJJOP
,KPHUKHYLJVUSLKVUULHYHJJVNSPLYL
le olive.
Na nòsome es alè ce mia ce mia
Ndiàfzatto diu chèria tse lisàri"
Ngotanimmène sa ‘stin aglisìa
Ena stavrì na sosi san ampàri
Ce àrte pu ndali e misciamèra
Ena porti jùrifse sa spiti" Kaìzzamostamesa lio llumèra
Ce tramo tsomìalèkrimbìti
A raccogliere olive ad una ad una
,YHUVULJLZZHYPLK\LTHUPKPWPL[YH"
0UNPUVJJOPH[LJVTLPUJOPLZH
<UHZJOPLUHYVI\Z[HJVTLX\LSSHKP
un cavallo.
,X\HUKVZ\VUH]HTLaaVNPVYUV
<UHSILYVKP]LU[H]H\UHJHZH"
:LKL]HTVPUJLYJOPVPUTLaaV\UWV»KPM\VJV
,THUNPH]HTVWHULVSP]LLJPWVSSH
Es kanè ceròpalèo ce neo
È stammèno kalò iu t onerò
Nde to fai jurifze glicèo Ce o nikkiariko tosso tremerò¯
0UULZZ\U[LTWVWHZZH[VLWYLZLU[L
ÏZ[H[HJVZyI\VUHS»HJX\H
,JVZyKVSJLPSJPIV
,SH[LYYHPUJVS[HJVZyZVMÄJL¯
;HRVÄNUHNVT~UU\[[LZZHKyH
Rrecerònnome acatò rìsa sto vrai 2H[[\TLZHºLÄUUVTLRHTTyH¯ Essu ste ma mmeni ‘o tzukkalài.
0JLZ[PZPYPLTWPVUVWPHUVWPHUV
5LZ]\V[PHTVJLU[VÄUVHZLYH
([LYYHUVUYLZ[HULWW\YL\U»VSP]H¯
A casa ci attende la cena di legumi.
Lina Colella
44
La ccota de le vulìe
Ah uelì uelì uelà ci si’ palomma vera
m’ha ddire la verità.
Ah uelì uelì uelà comu se ccojene le vulìe
cu la punta de la manu
lu pinzieri a llu panaru.
Ah uelì uelì uelà comu se ccojene le vulìe
ci si’ palomma vera
m’ha ddire la verità.
Ah uelì uelì uelà comu se ccojene le vulìe
se ccojene a una a una
pe dispiettu a lla patrona.
Ah uelì uelì uelà ci si’ palomma vera
m’ha ddire la verità.
Ah uelì uelì uelà l’antrata n’e’ caduta
li debbiti rimanunu
SLÄTTLULKLX\HUU\
e ci l’ha de pacà
La raccolta delle olive
(O\LSy\LSy\LSn
se sei una vera colomba
devi dirmi la verità.
(O\LSy\LSy\LSn
come si raccolgono le olive
con la punta della mano
i pensieri al paniere.
(O\LSy\LSy\LSn
come si raccolgono le olive
se sei una vera colomba
devi dirmi la verità.
(O\LSy\LSy\LSn
come si raccolgono le olive
si raccolgono ad una ad una
per dispetto alla padrona.
(O\LSy\LSy\LSn
se sei una vera colomba
mi devi dire la verità.
(O\LSy\LSy\LSn
la raccolta le è caduta
i debiti rimangono
SLMLTTPULKPX\HUKV
LJOPSLKL]LWHNHYL
45
Curiosità
proverbi poesie
¸B¯D+LSSLVSP]LZPMHJVS[HYHJJVS[HVZPYHJJVSNVUV*OP
ZWPNVSHYHZWVSSHYHJJH[[HMHYPJVS[HKPNYHUPK»\]LK»\SP]LTH
UVUMHYPJVS[V
0S KPHSL[[V SLJJLZL UVU MH KPZ[PUaPVUL [YH ccogghiere e
raccogghiere o accogghiere! JVNSPLYL L YHJJVNSPLYL" Kn H
YHJJVNNOPLYL P ZPNUPÄJH[P UV[H[P" JVTL KLS WHYP HSSH WHYVSH
raccoddaYHJJVS[H3HYHJJVS[HKLSSLVSP]LZPKPJLS»LU[YH[H5LS
7YLZ[HSLNNLZPX\LZ[VWYV]LYIPVZHSLU[PUV!¸3HÄJHLSH\SyH]VSL
LZZLYL JJVKH VNUP KyH¹ ¸-HYL YHJJVKKH¹ KPJLZP KP JVS\P JOL
JLYJHUKV L HUKHUKV PU I\ZJH OH YHK\UH[H WHYLJJOPH YVIH¹
.VYNVUP
Chiange lu furese quandu ccogghie la ulìano cchiange
quandu sona menzatìa WPHUNL PS SH]VYH[VYL X\HUKV YHJJVNSPL
S»VSP]HUVUWPHUNLX\HUKVZ\VUHTLaaVNPVYUVLZPHJJPUNLH
mangiare).
<U KP]LYZV [PWV KP YHJJVS[H [VYTLU[V L KHUUHaPVUL
KLP JVU[HKPUP H]]LUP]H L H]]PLUL¯WLY IVJJH KLNSP \JJLSSP
ZWLJPHSTLU[LKP[VYKPLKPTLYSPWHY[PJVSHYTLU[LNOPV[[PKPVSP]L"
PSZLTLJOLYHJJOP\KVUVWHZZHUKVH[[YH]LYZVPS[\IVKPNLYLU[L
KLPZVWYHJJP[H[PKP]LU[HHKH[[VHSSHNLYTPUHaPVUL
Contadine del Capo
8\HUKVHMMYVU[HUVPSNPVYUVZ\PJHTTPUP
JVSMHaaVSL[[VPU[LZ[HLPS]HUKVULYV
OHUUVSVZN\HYKVÄLYVL\UTL[YVÄZZV
di marcia sotto la roggia del sole.
Non parlano non cantano
non guardano dintorno
cavalcatrici di strade e di sentieri.
I segreti pensieri ruotano lentamente
THNYPMHSJOPZ\IPZVNUPLSLTLU[HYP
Nessuno le vide nascere
nessuno ancora le vedrà morire.
+LZ[PUVHMMHTPNSPH[VSLWVY[HHSSHJHTWHNUH
JOLHULSHMYHSLYVJJLJVTLSHSVYVIVJJH
(SNPYVPUKPMMLYLU[LKPJPLSVLKPYHWHJP
SLZJHYWLPUTHUV]HUUVZ\HZMHS[PWYV]PUJPHSP
o lungo le carrare polverose.
Finiscono d’un tratto dietro case di pietra
LSHZJPHUVZVSVVTIYLK»VJJOPULYP
Donato Moro
47
Ntra nn’olivetu
Dentro un oliveto
Eccu!ha scampatu¯e dde mienzu a lle nule
ci se anu lluntananduesse lu sule
,JJV!OHZWPV]\[V¯LKHSSLU\]VSL
JOLZP]HUUVHSSVU[HUHUKVLZJLPSZVSL
E lle cime de l’arveri de ulìa
pàrenu brillantate;
lùcenu comu sia
ca nu pittore te l’ha nverniciate
,SLJPTLKLNSPHSILYPK»\SP]V
sembrano brillantate;
luccicano come se
\UWP[[VYL[LSLOH]LYUPJPH[L
E llu erde regna…e tte minte ntra ll’arma
comu nu presciuna pacena carma
,PS]LYKLYLNUH¯L[PTL[[LULSS»HUPTH
\UHZVY[HKPJVU[LU[LaaH\UHWHJL
una calma.
Ahcce festa de luce! Quanta vita¯
e quanta cuntentezza 6NULJPTHÄ\YP[H
pe llu pisu ci porta ole sse spezza (OJOLMLZ[HKPS\JL8\HU[H]P[H¯
LX\HU[HJVU[LU[LaaH
6NUPJPTHÄVYP[H
WLYPSWLZVJOLWVY[H]\VSLZWLaaHYZP
Ma a nn’angulu sta bisciudha dderetu
n’arveru senza fronde bbandunatu"
ma ntra ttanta ricchezza de olivetu
cce rappresenta n’arveru seccatu& 4HHK\UHUNVSVZ[V]LKLUKVSyKPL[YV
\UHSILYVZLUaHMVNSPLHIIHUKVUH[V"
ma dentro un così ricco oliveto
JVZHYHWWYLZLU[H\UHSILYVZLJJV&
Ahpueru truncu ci t’ha bacantutu
pueru truncu de cedhi carculatu!
Tuttututtu pe ttie moi s’ha ffurnutu
e ssi’ rrumastu sprittu e scunzulatu
Quante ricchezze de stu truncu essera
e quantu ogliu mandau ntra lla pustura
e moi la gente passa de cqua’ mmera
passa de nanti a ttie senza tte cura.
3HZHPSHÄULJPZLZ[HWWYLWHYH
moi ci nu ssiervi cchiui mancu pe bara&
Calapinu
48
(OWV]LYV[YVUJVJOLZLPHWWHZZP[V
povero tronco da nessuno calcolato!
;\[[V[\[[VWLY[LZPuWLYK\[V
,ZLPYPTHZ[VHMÅP[[VLZJVUZVSH[V
8\HU[LYPJJOLaaLKHX\LZ[V[YVUJV\ZJPYVUV
LX\HU[VVSPVTHUK~ULSSHJPZ[LYUH
LKVYHSHNLU[LWHZZHKHX\LZ[HWHY[L
passa davanti a te senza curarti.
3HJVUVZJPSHÄULJOLZPZ[HWYLWHYHUKV
VYHJOLUVUZLY]PWPƒULHUJOLWLYIHYH&
50
51
52
F
PUV HK HSTLUV SH TL[n KLS SL VSP]L KLZ[PUH[L HSSH TVSP[\YH ]LUP]HUV WVY[H[L H lu trappitu PS [YHWWL[V V
MYHU[VPVSHJ\PWYLZLUaHULPJLU[YPH]VJHaPVULHNYPJVSVVSP]PJVSHLYHU\TLYVZH
*VS [LYTPUL KPHSL[[HSL trappitu (dal termine greco trapèton [VYJOPV L KHS SH[PUV trapetum THJPUH LK HUJOL
trappitetrappitu a cruttagrutteli cruttiZPKLÄUPZJLPSMYHU[VPVPWVNLVVZLTPPWVNLVPU[LYHTLU[LZJH]H[VULSSHYVJJPH
VZZPHS»PUZPLTLKLPSVJHSPKLZ[PUH[PHSSHTHUPWVSHaPVULKLSSLVSP]LHSS»LZ[YHaPVULLKHSSHJVUZLY]HaPVULKLSS»VSPVLULS
JVU[LTWVZPLZWYPTLPSJVTWSLZZVKLSSLVWLYHaPVUPH[[PULU[P8\LSSVPWVNLVLYHPU[LYHTLU[LZJH]H[VULSSHYVJJPH"X\LSSV
ZLTPPWVNLVWHYaPHSTLU[LKV[H[VKP\UHJVWLY[\YHKPJVUJPKP[\MV
0S TV[P]V WYPUJPWHSL WLY PS X\HSL ZP WYLKPZWVUL]HUV MYHU[VP PWVNLP WYVMVUKHTLU[L YHKPJH[V ULS WHZZH[V LYH PS
JVU]PUJPTLU[VJOLSH[LTWLYH[\YHLZPZ[LU[LULPS\VNOPZV[[VWVZ[PTHU[LU\[HJVZ[HU[LTLU[LJHSKHMH]VYPZZLPSKLÅ\ZZV
KLSS»VSPVKHSSLVSP]LTLZZLZV[[VPS[VYJOPVLSHZLWHYHaPVULKLSS»VSPVKHSSHZLU[PUHX\HUKV]LUP]HKLWVZP[H[VULPWVaaPKP
decantazione.
.YHU WHY[L KP X\LZ[P VWPÄJP ZV[[LYYHULP HJJLZZPIPSP H[[YH]LYZV \UH ZJHSH HUJO»LZZH ZJH]H[H ULS IHUJV YVJJPVZV
WYLZLU[HUV\UHWSHUPTL[YPHJVTWSLZZHWLYSHYHTPÄJHaPVULKLNSPHTIPLU[PJHTLYLJLSSLZ[HSSLHKPIP[PHKVZWP[HYLNSP
addetti alla lavorazione delle olive - lu nachiru (termine dal greco naucleriosUVJJOPLYVPSJHWVKLPMYHU[VPHUPVZZPHKLSSH
JP\YTHJVZ[P[\P[HUVYTHSTLU[LKHX\H[[YV\VTPUPLKHSYPJV]LYVKLNSPHUPTHSP
5LPJP[H[PHTIPLU[PX\HZP[\[[P¸NSPHYYLKP¹LYHUVKPWPL[YH!PYPWVZ[PNSPPNPHJPNSPZ\J\PPtrappitari YPWVZH]HUVPZLKPSP
SHTVKLZ[H[H]VSHZ\J\PJVUZ\TH]HUV\UWYHUaVMY\NHSLWHYLJOLSHIY\ZJOL[[HZPHZ[H[HPU]LU[H[HWYVWYPVKHPMYHU[VPHUP
WLYWYV]HYLS»VSPVU\V]VZ\SSLML[[LKPWHULHIIY\Z[VSP[VZ\SSHIYHJLNSPHWWVNNPWLYSLS\JLYULSLsciaveKLWVZP[PWLYSL
olive in attesa di essere macinate.
(SJLU[YVKLSS»HTIPLU[LWPƒ]HZ[V]PLYH\UH]HZJHJPYJVSHYLKPWPL[YH]P]HKV[H[HKP\UHWPZ[HYPJH]H[HULSSH]HZJH
Z[LZZHSHYNHX\HU[VSVZWLZZVYLKLSSHpetra de trappituWPL[YHKLSMYHU[VPVJPVuSHTHJPUHVTVSHWVZ[H]LY[PJHSTLU[L
JVUPSKVZZVJVU]LZZVWLYMYHUNLYLTLNSPVSLVSP]L
3HTHJPUHNPYH]HH[[YH]LYZVPSTV]PTLU[VKP\UHIHYYHPUULZ[H[HHK\U]LYYPJLSSVHSSHJ\PLZ[YLTP[nJOLM\VYP\ZJP]H
KPHSTLUVJLU[PTL[YP]LUP]HH[[HJJH[V\UHZPULSSVJOLNPYHUKVH[[VYUVHSSH]HZJHJVUNSPVJJOPILUKH[PWLYL]P[HYNSPPS
JHWVNPYVMHJL]HYV[LHYLPS]LYYPJLSSVLX\PUKPSHTHJPUHJOLZJOPHJJPH]HSLVSP]L
6S[YLHSSH]HZJHJVUSHTHJPUH[YHNSPH[[YLaaPPUKPZWLUZHIPSPHSSHWYVK\aPVULKPVSPVÄN\YH]HUVP[VYJOP
,ZZPWV[L]HUVLZZLYLKLS[PWVHSSH¸JHSHIYLZL¹VWW\YLHSSH¸NLUV]LZL¹"PSWYPTVLYHJVZ[P[\P[VKHK\LNYVZZL]P[PKP
SLNUVJOLWYLZZHUKVSHWHZ[HK»VSP]LJVU[LU\[HULPÄZJ\SPJVUZLU[P]HUVHSS»VSPVKP\ZJPYL
0SZLJVUKVHKV[[H[VKHSSHÄULKLSLYHJVZ[P[\P[VKH\U\UPJVNYVZZV]P[VULJLU[YHSLZLTWYLKPSLNUVJOL
HaPVUH[V WYVNYLZZP]HTLU[L JVTWYPTL]H SH WHZ[H KP VSP]L ÄUV H X\HUKV UVU ZNVYNH]H S»VSPV 8\LZ[V ZP YHJJVNSPL]H
MYHTTPZ[VHSS»HJX\HKP]LNL[HaPVULSHZLU[PUHPU\UHWPSHKPWPL[YHK\YHJVZPKKL[[Hànciluàngilu o puzzu te l’angilu o te
l’angiuluHUNLSVVWVaaVKLSS»HUNLSVJOLULSMVUKVH]L]H\UMVYVKPJVT\UPJHaPVULJVU\UHS[YVWVaaL[[VKLUVTPUH[V
S\UÄLYU\S»PUMLYUV
7LY PS WYPUJPWPV KLP ]HZP JVT\UPJHU[P SH ZLU[PUH JOL LYH HS MVUKV KLSS»angelu saliva nel pozzo [L S\ UÄLYU\
NHSSLNNPHUKVJVZyJOL]LUP]HZLWHYH[HKHSS»VSPVLKLWVZP[H[HPU\UHWWVZP[VWVaaVlu sentinaruTLU[YLS»VSPVZPWYLSL]H]H
LZPTPZ\YH]HJVU[LTWVYHULHTLU[LJVU\UHWWVZP[VYLJPWPLU[LJHWPLU[LKHPKPLJPHP]LU[PJOPSPLZLUVUZP[YHZWVY[H]HPU
JHZHKLSWYVWYPL[HYPVKLSMYHU[VPVZP[YH]HZH]HPUHS[YLWPSLKPKLWVZP[V
7LYULJLZZP[nKPZWHaPVHIIPHTV[YH[[H[VZPU[L[PJHTLU[LSLH[[P]P[nJOLZPZ]VSNL]HUVULSMYHU[VPVLHJJLUUH[V
53
54
55
HWWLUHHSSLÄN\YLKLNSPVWLYHPJOLULPTVTLU[PKPTHNNPVYLPTWLNUVSH]VYH[P]VUVUJVUVZJL]HUV[YLN\H<UH[YH[[HaPVUL
WPƒHUHSP[PJHZPW\~SLNNLYLPU\UHW\IISPJHaPVULKPJOPZJYP]LKHS[P[VSVGuida pratica ai frantoi sotterranei nel Salento
*HWVUL,KP[VYL
7LYKHYLS»PKLHKPX\HU[VMVZZLMH[PJVZVPSSH]VYVULSMYHU[VPVWYVWVUPHTVPSIYHUVZLN\LU[L!
Se voi cu ssai lLWLULKLS\UÄLYU\ fanne nu mese e mienzu de trappitu!
la prima notte nci pierdi lu sennu l’addhe perdi lu sonnu e l’appititu.
:L]\VPJVUVZJLYLSLWLULKLSS»PUMLYUV
]P]P\UTLZLLTLaaVULSMYHU[VPV!
SHWYPTHUV[[LWLYKPPSZVUUV
(durante) le altre perdi il sonno e l’appetito.
8\HUKVUVUZPWV[L]HSH]VYHYLPUJHTWHNUHWLYPJHTWPHSSHNH[PVWLYS»PTWLY]LYZHYLKLSTHS[LTWVLZPLYHPU
WYVZZPTP[nKLS5H[HSLPUHSJ\ULMHTPNSPLKPrazzialiSH]VYH[VYPNPVYUHSPLYPSHYPJLYJHKLSJPIVKP]LU[H]H\UWYVISLTH
serio per la scarsità di mezzi economici; l’unico nutrimento della giornata per grandi e piccini era rappresentato da una
manciata di ÄJOLºUM\YUH[L e scautateÄJOPZLJJOPPUMVYUH[PLS»\UPJHVJJ\WHaPVULLYHX\LSSHKPYHJJVNSPLYLsarmente
JVUJ\PHSPTLU[HYLPSM\VJVKLSJHTPUV
*OPUVUH]L]HKPX\LZ[PWYVISLTPLKH]L]HNHYHU[P[H\U»VJJ\WHaPVULKHSTLZLKPV[[VIYLÄUVH]VS[LHKHWYPSL
era lu nachiruPSJHWVMYHU[VPHUVJVUSHJP\YTHJVZ[P[\P[HKHHSTLUVX\H[[YVtrappitariMYHU[VPHUP
3»H[[P]P[nYPJOPLKL]HSHWLYTHULUaHULSMYHU[VPVZLUaHZVZ[H
KPNPVYUVLKPUV[[L"ZP[VYUH]HHJHZHZVS[HU[VSH]PNPSPHLSHMLZ[H
KLSSH4HKVUUH0TTHJVSH[HLKLS5H[HSL([\YUVVNUPX\PUKPJP
NPVYUP L WLY SL VYL Z\MÄJPLU[P HSSL W\SPaPL WLYZVUHSP SH ¸JP\YTH¹
WV[L]H YP]LKLYLPWYVWYPMHTPSPHYP7LYÄUVlu turlicchiuPSTVaaV
KLS MYHU[VPV LYH JVZ[YL[[V H YLZ[HY]P L UVU WV[L]H WHY[LJPWHYL HS
KHMMHYLJOL]PLYHPUVNUPMHTPNSPHWLYSHJVZ[Y\aPVULWLYLZLTWPV
del presepe.
In passato un particolare processo accusatorio era
PU[LU[H[V HSS»LZ[YHaPVUL KLSS»VSPV JOL H]]LUP]H ULP trappiti ipogei
dove la prolungata sosta delle olive nelle sciave KLWVZP[P SL
ZV[[VWVUL]H HK \U WYVJLZZV MLYTLU[H[P]V JOL PUJPKL]H Z\SSH
X\HSP[nKLSS»VSPV"HZZVS\[HTLU[LPTWYVWVUPIPSLWLY\ZPHSPTLU[HYP
S»VSPVJVZPKKL[[VSHTWHU[LLYHPU]LJLPKLHSLWLYS»PSS\TPUHaPVUL
WLYSHMHIIYPJHaPVULKLPZHWVUPLWLYSHTHUPWVSHaPVULKLSSHSHUH
;YHNSPLZWLY[PHNYVUVTPSVJHSP*VZPTV4VZJOL[[PUP4HY[HUV
ZVSSLJP[H]H SH KPZTPZZPVUL KLP MYHU[VP PWVNLP KV]L PS
JVUJVYZVKPTVS[LWSPJPJPYJVZ[HUaL[YHJ\PPSM\TVLSHM\SPNNPUL
KLSSLS\JLYULJOLYPZJOPHYH]HUVNSPHTIPLU[PSHWVJHPNPLULLSH
THUJHUaHKPHLYLHaPVULKLNSPHTIPLU[PU\VJL]HUVHSS»VSPV
Nonostante gli accorati suggerimenti la gran parte dei
WYVK\[[VYP SVJHSP KP VSPV JVU[PU\H]HUV H ZLY]PYZP KLP MYHU[VP
PWVNLP"ZPWLUZPJOLÄUVHS SHWLYJLU[\HSLKPMYHU[VPPU;LYYH
K»6[YHU[VHaPVUH[PHUJVYHKHNSPHUPTHSPLYHKLS
4HNPnKHSSHTL[nKLSJVUS»PU[YVK\aPVULKLSSLWYLZZL
PKYH\SPJOLLKPHS[YLPTWVY[HU[PZZPTLPUUV]HaPVUP[LJUVSVNPJOLZP
JVTPUJP~HWYVK\YYL\UVSPVJOLÄUHSTLU[LWV[L]HLZZLYL\ZH[V
JVTLHSPTLU[VJMY9HMMHLSL*HaaL[[H
5H[\YHSTLU[L KP WHYP WHZZV M\YVUV HWWVY[H[L TVKPÄJOL
ZVZ[HUaPHSPHSSHJVS[P]HaPVULKLSS»HSILYVHSTL[VKVKPYHJJVNSPLYL
SL VSP]L HSSH Z[LZZH WV[H[\YH UVUJOt HS [YHZWVY[V LK HSSH
conservazione delle stesse.
6NNP NSP HJJVYNPTLU[P JOL ZP HKV[[HUV ULNSP VSLPÄJP
JHUJLSSHUVK»\UJVSWVPYPZJOPKLSS»VIZVSLZJLUaHLKPTVZ[YHUKV
la crescente specializzazione degli olivicultori e dei produttori
ZHSLU[PUP OHUUV JVTWVY[H[V SH ZVZ[HUaPHSL ZVZ[P[\aPVUL KLSSH
pietra con l’acciaio.
57
5LSSHWYVK\aPVULKPVSPVL_[YH]LYNPULKPVSP]HSHNHYHUaPHKP\UHX\HSP[nV[[PTHSLLZ[HIPSLULS
[LTWVZPV[[PLULZLN\LUKVZHWPLU[LTLU[LNSPPUZLNUHTLU[PKLSSH[YHKPaPVULJVSSHIVYHUKVJVUNSPLU[P
KPYPJLYJHLS»PTWYLUKP[VYPHSVJHSLHSÄULKPYPWVZPaPVUHYLPWYVWYPZ[HUKHYKZWYVK\[[P]PLX\HSP[H[P]PZ\
livelli d’avanguardia.
ÏJVZyPUMH[[PJOLHSS»6YKPULKLP+V[[VYP(NYVUVTPKP3LJJLuZ[H[HYPJOPLZ[HSHYPU[YHJJPHIPSP[n
KLSS»VSPVKHNSPVSP]PZLJVSHYPLHS*59SHJYLHaPVULKP\UH*HY[HK»0KLU[P[nNLUL[PJHKLSSLJ\S[P]HY[PWPJOL
KLSSH;LYYHK»6[YHU[V!KHYL\UHIHZLZJPLU[PÄJHHSSHKPMMLYLUaPHaPVULKLSWYVKV[[VUVUuJOLSHWYLTLZZH
KLSSHYPX\HSPÄJHaPVUL
;\[[V JP~ ZP u YLZV WVZZPIPSL NYHaPL HS SH]VYV KP JLUZPTLU[V KLNSP VSP]P ZLJVSHYP LMML[[\H[V JVU
YPSL]HaPVUP.7:WYVTVZZVKHSS»(ZZVJPHaPVUL(6::WLYSH[\[LSHKLNSPVSP]PWS\YPZLJVSHYPZHSLU[PUP
3»PUUV]HaPVUL [LJUVSVNPJH u Z[H[H PU[YVKV[[H ZPU KHSSH MHZL KLSSH YHJJVS[H KLSSL VSP]L L S»PU[LYV
WYVJLZZVWYVK\[[P]VOHZ\IP[V\UHYHKPJHSLL]VS\aPVUL
Le olive vengono raccolte direttamente dalla pianta e lavorate meccanicamente entro dodici ore.
ÏPTWVY[HU[LKLW\YHYLPSWYVKV[[VKH[\[[PX\LPJVYWPLZ[YHULPYHTPMVNSPLL[JJOLWV[YLIILYV
HWWVY[HYLTVKPÄJOLHSN\Z[VLKHSSHX\HSP[nKLSS»VSPVVZZPHKPZ[Y\NNLYLS»HYVTHLKH\TLU[HYLS»HJPKP[n
3»LZ[YHaPVUL KLSS»VSPV ]PLUL LMML[[\H[H KH PTWPHU[P HSS»H]HUN\HYKPH L [\[[L SL MHZP KP MYHUNP[\YH
NYHTVSH[\YHJLU[YPM\NHaPVULZPZ\ZZLN\VUVPUPU[LYYV[[HTLU[LPU\UHTIPLU[LZHS\IYL
<UHWHY[PJVSHYLH[[LUaPVULuWVPYP]VS[HHPJVU[LUP[VYPLKHSTVKVKPJVUZLY]HYLS»VSPVWLYJOt
X\LZ[VUVUZPHS[LYPTHHUaPTHU[LUNHULS[LTWVHYVTHLX\HSP[nVYNHUVSL[[PJOL
8\LZ[H u SH Z[YHKH JOL JP WLYTL[[L KP KPMMLYLUaPHYJP L YHNNP\UNLYL P TLYJH[P WPƒ X\HSPÄJH[P
JVTL:]PaaLYH*PUH.PHWWVUL*HUHKH*VYLH9\ZZPHKV]LZPYLNPZ[YH\UHTHNNPVYLH[[LUaPVULKLP
JVUZ\TH[VYP]LYZVSHX\HSP[nLS»VYPNPULKLNSPHSPTLU[P
3»VSPVP[HSPHUVuWLYJLWP[VHSS»LZ[LYVJVTL\UWYVKV[[VKPS\ZZVLJP~NYHaPLHSSHNYHUKLH[[YHaPVUL
KLS4HKLPU0[HS`JOLWLYNSPZ[YHUPLYPuZPUVUPTVKPX\HSP[nL[YHKPaPVUL
5VUKPTLU[PJOPHTVJOLWYVWYPVSLHIP[\KPUPHSPTLU[HYPP[HSPHULKP[YHKPaPVULOHUUVWLYTLZZVPS
YPJVUVZJPTLU[VULSKLSSHKPL[HTLKP[LYYHULHJVTL7H[YPTVUPV0TTH[LYPHSLKLSS»<THUP[n
58
Dettagli
­3»\UP[nKPTPZ\YHKLSSLVSP]LLYH\UJPSPUKYVJH]VKPMLYYVJHWPLU[L\USP[YV:\VPT\S[PWSP!lu toi¸K\LSP[YP¹lu
cinque¸JPUX\LSP[YP¹nu toi e nu cinqueMVYTH]HUVnu stuppieddhru) e lu ttolicu¸L[[VSP[YV¹JOLPUYLHS[nJVYYPZWVUKL
a 50 litri (sette stuppieddhriWPƒ\USP[YV"JPUX\LttolichiMVYTH]HUVnu macianile¸WPJJVSHTHJPUH¹SH]HZJH¸vasca” o
ZJP\U[H¸YPJHTIPV¹KLSX\HKY\WLKLSLNH[VHSS»HWWHYH[VTV[VYLKLSSLY\V[LKLSSH]HZJHLu tumanu¸[VTVSV¹LX\P]HSL]H
poi a otto stuppieddhriJPYJHSP[YP<UP[nKPTPZ\YHWLYS»VSPVLYHlu staru¸SVZ[HPV¹SP[YP"SHminaLX\P]HSL]HH
mezzo staioWVJVWPƒKPSP[YPlu quartuH\UX\HY[VKPZ[HPVWVJVWPƒKPSP[YPSHpignateddhraHWVJOLJLU[PUHPHKP
grammi e la masura HJPYJHNYHTTP®0TWLYPHSL
­:PKPJLJOLSHWHZ[HKLSSLVSP]Lu[\[[HmuddhricaHSSVYJOtuWHZ[VZHLZ\JJVZH®.VYNVUP
­*VWWHPH*VWWHPV6YJPHPH6SPHYVSHZ[HUaHULSSHX\HSLZPJVUZLY]H]HS»VSPVPUcoppi ossia in orci di terracotta
VPU]HZJOLKPWPL[YH
*VWWV6YJPV]HZVKP[LYYHNYVZZVYPNVUÄVULSTLaaVJVSJVSSVIYL]PZZPTVJVUIVJJHZ[YL[[HKPMVYTHV]HSL
L JVU THUPJP WLY \ZV KP JVUZLY]HYL VSPV 5LS KPHSL[[V SLJJLZL PS JVWWV V VYJPV WLY YPWVY]P S»VSPV JVYYPZWVUKL H lu
capasuneHlu nziruHlu pisàriJOLZVUV]HZPNYHUKPV]HSPLUVUPU]L[YPH[PZPJJVTLS»VSPVYVKLSVZTHS[V0]HZPJPSPUKYPJP
di latta per riporvi l’olio lo dicono nziru.
3»VYJP\VSV]HZVWPJJVSVMH[[VKP]HYPLTPZ\YLZPKLUVTPUHrzulurizzùlu;HS]VS[HULMHUUVJVUILJJ\JJPVULS
]LU[YLWLY[LULY]PS»VSPVWLYS»\ZVX\V[PKPHUVLPUX\HSJOLS\VNVSVKLUVTPUHUVcutrubbi e vi è il detto “ci cu faci cutrubbi
senza pizzu” ovvero “ci cu faci meraculi¹JOLZPNUPÄJH¸MHPSTHSHUUVJOL]\VP¹®.VYNVUP
­<UVKLPYLJPWPLU[PMH[[VKP[LYYHJV[[HZPJOPHTH]HPUNLYNVcutrubbu(]L]HSHMVYTHTHZVWYH[[\[[VSHWYLYVNH[P]H
L SH M\UaPVUL KP \U ZHS]HKHUHPV! LZZV YHJJVNSPL]H KHNSP ZNVJJPVSH[VP H WPHUV PUJSPUH[V SL WYLaPVZL H\YLL NVJJL <U
HS[YVYLJPWPLU[LLYHWPJJVSVX\HU[VSHMHSHUNLKP\UWVSSPJL!ZPJOPHTH]HKLJPSP[YV,YH\UTPZ\YPUVHKH[[VHSSLTHUPKP
\U MHYTHJPZ[H" ]LUP]H PU]LJL THUPWVSH[V KHS YP]LUKP[VYL HYYPJJOP[VZP JVTL S»\Z\YHPV L S»HSJOPTPZ[H [YH SL Z\L JPV[VSL®
*VUNLKV
­:PKLÄUPZJL¸VYVSPX\PKV¹LZPYP[PLULJOLS»¸VSPVK»VSP]VOHSVZ[LZZVJVSVYLKLSS»VYV¹LJVUWHY[PJVSHYLLUMHZP
“l’oro degli dei”. Non a caso per indicare mimicamente il momento dell’incasso il commerciante si serve delle dita
PUKPJLLWVSSPJLKLSSHTHUVJOLJVUPSYP[TPJVZMYLNHTLU[VLZWYPTVUVSHZVKKPZMHaPVULJVZyJVTLS»HZZHNNPH[VYLKPVSPV
ULWYV]HSH]PZJVZP[nJVUSVZ[YVÄUPVLZWYLZZP]VKLPWVSWHZ[YLSSP
­3»VSPVKPVSP]HOHZLTWYLHYYPJJOP[VJOPSVOHTHUPWVSH[VTHOHZLTWYLPTWV]LYP[VJOPSVOHWYVKV[[V®*VUNLKV
0UTLYP[VHSWVaaVKLSS»HUNLSVYPJVYYL]HH.HSSPWVSPPSZLN\LU[LKL[[V!Cu pozzi stare intra lu puzzu te l’angiulu e
lu nachiru cu dormaJOL[\WVZZHZ[HYLULSWVaaVKLSS»HUNLSVLPSJHWVMYHU[VPHUVJOLKVYTHWLYPUKPJHYLSHYPJJOLaaH
rappresentata dall’olio contenuto nel pozzo di raccolta.
<UYPMLYPTLU[VHSSHpetra de trappituuJVU[LU\[VULSSHZLN\LU[LPU]VJHaPVUL!
Petra! Quante nda ntise de canzuni facce quante nda iste de cristiani 7PL[YH8\HU[LULOHPHZJVS[H[LKPJHUaVUP
X\HU[P]VS[PKP\VTPUPOHP]PZ[V
LPUX\LZ[HJHUaVULYPSL]H[HH*\[YVÄHUVKPJ\PZPYPWVY[HSHWYPTHX\HY[PUH!
Quandu la petra màrmara nu mbota
tutta la gente sta mmalencunica;
ma se la petra màrmara girava
tutta la gente allora llegra stava.
8\HUKVSHWPL[YHBZPTPSLHSTHYTVDUVUNPYH
tutta la gente sta immalinconita;
THX\HUKVSHWPL[YHNPYH]H
tutta la gente (di campagna) diventava allegra.
;\[[VYHX\HSJOLJVU[HKPUVH]HU[PULNSPHUUPUVUVZ[HU[LJOLSHZWYLTP[\YHKLSSLVSP]LVNNPH]]LUNHPUZ[HIPSPTLU[P
VSLHYPKV[H[PKPTHJJOPUHYPHSPTLU[H[PJVUS»LULYNPHLSL[[YPJHJVU[PU\HHK\ZHYL\U»HU[PJHLZWYLZZPVUL!haggiu pacata la
petraOVWHNH[VSHWPL[YHKLSMYHU[VPV
3LNYVZZLWPL[YLTVSHYPWYV]LUP]HUV[YHSLHS[YLKH\UHJH]HPUJ\PZPLZ[YHL]HZVWYH[[\[[VWPL[YHK\YH\IPJH[H
H+YHNVUPMYHaPVULKLSJVT\ULKP3LX\PSLLZ[HUKVHX\HU[VYPWVY[HSVZ[\KPVZV.4HYJPHUVKV]L]HUVH]LYL¸WLY
VYKPUHYPVWHSTPKPJPYJ\P[VKPSHYNOLaaHKPNYVZZLaaHLKV]L]HUVLZZLYL[\[[LKP\UWLaaV0SWHSTVUHWVSL[HUV
u\N\HSLHT
­3LWPL[YLTVSHYPJVUZLY]H[LPUHSJ\UPMYHU[VPYPSL]H[LTL[YPJHTLU[LOHUUVSHJPYJVUMLYLUaHJOL]HYPHKHTL[YP
HJPYJH\UKPHTL[YVKPTL[YP JPYJHL\UVZWLZZVYLTLKPVKPTL[YP®4VU[L
Le posture
gallipoline
8\HUKVP=LULaPHUPHZZHS[HYVUV.HSSPWVSPULSSHKLWYLKHYVUVKP\UHLUVYTLX\HU[P[n
KP VSPV! \U PUZVSP[V IV[[PUV KP N\LYYH JOL ZP KP]PZLYV P S\VNV[LULU[P KLS JHWP[HUV 4HYJLSSV ZLNUV
PUJVUM\[HIPSLJOLULSSHJP[[HKPUHPVUPJHJVUÅ\P]HPSWYLaPVZVKVYH[VSPX\PKVKHSSHWYV]PUJPHLKHP
MYHU[VPJP[[HKPUP*HYPJH[VZ\SSLUH]PH]YLIILYHNNP\U[VX\HZP[\[[LSLUHaPVUPL\YVWLLLZHYLIILZ[H[V
PTWPLNH[VULSS»HSPTLU[HaPVULWLYS»PSS\TPUHaPVULTHZVWYH[[\[[VWLYÄUPPUK\Z[YPHSP-\[HSLS»PU[LUZP[n
JVTTLYJPHSL JOL TVS[L UHaPVUP HSTLUV ULS PTWPHU[HYVUV SL WYVWYPL YHWWYLZLU[HUaL
JVUZVSHYPULSSLHKPHJLUaLKLSWVY[V;YHS»HS[YVSHWPHaaHKP.HSSPWVSPNVKL[[LKLSKPYP[[VKPZ[HIPSPYL
PS WYLaaV SLNHSL KLNSP VSP TVZ[P SH JVZPKKL[[H voce VZZLY]H[H ULS 9LNUV KP 5HWVSP LK PU ,\YVWH
7LY [HSL JVUZ\L[\KPUL S»H\[VYP[n T\UPJPWHSL VZZPH PS :PUKHJV X\H[[YV LSL[[P LK \U YHWWYLZLU[HU[L
scelto dai negozianti d’olio) si riuniva l’1 gennaio e determinava la voce in base ai prezzi in corso
ULNSP\S[PTPK\LTLZPKLSS»HUUVWYLJLKLU[L"ZPMMH[[HJVUZ\L[\KPULK\Y~ÄUVHS -PUVHSSH
KL[LYTPUHaPVULM\ZVS[HU[VHJHYPJVKLSZPUKHJVLKLNSPLSL[[PLKHSPUWVPZVS[HU[VKLS:PUKHJVL
KLSSH.P\U[H4VS[PJVU[YH[[PKP]LUKP[HKLSS»VSPVZPLMML[[\H]HUVPUVJJHZPVULKLSSH¸ÄLYHKLS*HUUL[V¹
VZZPHPSS\NSPVPUVJJHZPVULKLSSHMLZ[HKLSSH=PZP[HaPVULKP4HYPH=LYNPUL4HZZH
4H KV]L ]LUP]H KLWVZP[H[V S»VSPV PU H[[LZH KP LZZLYL PTIHYJH[V Z\SSL UH]P& 5LSSL WPSL YLNPL
KL[[L KP JHYPJHTLU[V JVSSVJH[L KV]»u H[[\HSTLU[L PS TLYJH[V KLS WLZJL TVS[V ZPTPSP HSSL JPZ[LYUL
PWVNLLWYLZLU[PPUU\TLYVJVUZPKLYL]VSLULSSH]LJJOPH.HSSPWVSPULS ULLYHUVHJJH[HZ[H[LJPYJH
K\LTPSHVYPNPUHYPHTLU[LPUWPL[YHSLJJLZL*PHZJ\UHWPSHH]L]H\UHJHWPLUaHKPZHSTLX\PU[HSP
LK PU[LYUHTLU[L LYHUV KV[H[L KLS JVZPKKL[[V nnizzu o nizzu SL[[LYHSTLU[L UL[[V LZH[[V
W\SP[V!\UZLNUVKPMLYYVJOLPUKPJH]HPSSPTP[LKPYPLTWPTLU[V
3HJYLZJLU[LYPJOPLZ[HKLSWYVKV[[VVSLHYPVZWPUZLSLH\[VYP[nJP[[HKPULHKH\TLU[HYLPSU\TLYV
KLSSLWVZ[\YLLULS]LUULHKKPYP[[\YHKLTVSP[VPS:LNNPVWLYMHYLWVZ[VHKHS[YPKLWVZP[PKPVSPV
* Lu nnizzu è un termine salentino che indicava delle misure nella vendita dell’olio e del vino. Poiché il commercio dell’olio
durante l’Ottocento adottò come unità di misura la pila, lu nnizzu veniva ottenuto con un pezzo di piombo applicato ad una parete della
pila, al livello di capacità di 11 salme. Lu nnizzu servì anche a designare, in senso più generico, la misura di una bevuta nelle osterie.
6NUPIHYPSLYLJH]HULSS»PU[LYUVKLSJVSSV\UHWPJJVSHZWVYNLUaHKPSHTPLYHJOLZPJOPHTH]Hnnizzu
¸PUKPaPV¹JOLJVWLY[VKPSPX\PKVPUKPJH]HSHNP\Z[HTPZ\YHKLSSHJHWHJP[n¹
Il vocabolo nizzu UVU KLYP]H JVTL HSJ\UP ZVZ[LUNVUV KHS SH[PUV indicium PUKPaPV TH WPƒ
LZH[[HTLU[LKHSSH[PUVnitidusKLYP]H[VKHS]LYIVnictoIYPSSHYLKHJ\PPSZVZ[HU[P]VSH[PUVnitor-orisUP[VYL
(S[LTWVKLSSHÅVYPKLaaHKLSWVY[VKP.HSSPWVSPULS JPYJHWLYS»PU[LUZHH[[P]P[nKPLZWVY[HaPVUL
KLSS»VSPVM\PTWPHU[H[HS»PUK\Z[YPHWLYSHJVZ[Y\aPVULKPIV[[PS»H[[P]P[nTHUPMH[[\YPLYHYPZHSP]HNPnHS HS[LTWVKLSSHIV[[LNHKLS¸THLZ[YVK»HZJPH¹.LZ\HSKV;YPJHYPJVJOLYLNPZ[Y~\UJVUZPKLYL]VSLZ]PS\WWV
PU[VYUVHSNYHaPLHSS»PU[LY]LU[VKPJHWP[HSLMYHUJLZLPSX\HSLJVUZLU[yULSJVU[LTWVPSTPNSPVYHTLU[V
KLNSPVWPÄJPLKLSZPZ[LTHWYVK\[[P]V3HMHTHKLSSHX\HSP[nKLPJVU[LUP[VYPHSWHYPKLSSHWLYPaPHKLNSP
HY[PNPHUP]HYJ~PJVUÄUPKLSSHJP[[HKPUHPVUPJHWLYYHNNP\UNLYLPWVY[PKLS4LKP[LYYHULV.YLJPH:WHNUH
(MYPJHZL[[LU[YPVUHSLLWLYÄUVKLSS»([SHU[PJV
3L VWLYHaPVUP WYLSPTPUHYP HSSH YLHSPaaHaPVUL KLSSL IV[[P LYHUV LZLN\P[L KH VWLYHP ZWLJPHSPaaH[P!
WPHSSH[VYP HWWHYH[VYP WPLNH[VYP HSaH[VYP TL[[PMVUKP JVHKP\]H[P KH Z[\MH[VYP PU[LZ[H[VYP SL]PNH[VYP
JLYJOPH[VYP HWWHYLJJOPHMVUKP L PTIPHUJH[VYP *PHZJ\UV JVU LZ[YLTH THLZ[YPH THULNNPH]H S»HZJPH PS
THNSPVPS[HNSPVSVPSJVJJOP\TH[VPVSHYHZPLYHWLY[HNSPHYLPU[HJJHYLWPHSSHYLPSSLNUVKPJHZ[HNUVPSWPƒ
HKH[[VHKHSSLZ[PYLSLIV[[PPUX\HU[V[LUHJLLYLZPZ[LU[LHSS»\TPKP[nLHS[LTWVZ[LZZVSLNNLYVLÅLZZPIPSL
VZZPHMHJPSTLU[LTVKLSSHIPSL6[[PTVWLYSLKVNOLWYV]LUP]HKH*HZ[LSSHTTHYLKP:[HIPHLKHUJOLKHS
:HSLYUP[HUVTLU[YLPJLYJOPNP\UNL]HUVKHSSH*HSHIYPH
5LNSPHUUPKPTHZZPTHLZWHUZPVULHWHY[PYLKHSNPnJP[H[VSLKP]LYZLMHIIYPJOLSVJHSPKH]HUV
SH]VYVHJPYJHZLPJLU[VHKKL[[PJOLULSJVYZVKLSS»HUUVWYVK\JL]HUVMVYTLKP]LYZLKPIV[[PIHYPSPJHYH[LSSP
e bigonce per almeno centomila esemplari.
Purtroppo l’attività conobbe periodi di crisi legata alla distruzione degli oliveti dalla mosca olearia
LKHSSHJVUZLX\LUaPHSLJHK\[HKLPWYLaaPKLSS»VSPVZ\PTLYJH[PPU[LYUHaPVUHSPUVUJOtHSY\VSV
ZLTWYLWPƒLTLYNLU[LKP)YPUKPZPPU]PY[ƒKLSS»PTWVY[HU[LJVSSLNHTLU[VMLYYV]PHYPVJVU)VSVNUH
3L JYVUHJOL SVJHSP YPJVYKHUV SH ]P]HJPZZPTH ZVTTVZZH WVWVSHYL KLS NLUUHPV X\HUKV
]LUULYV HYYLZ[H[P KPTVZ[YHU[P ULV ZVJPHSPZ[P JOL JOPLKL]HUV SH]VYV L ZVWYH[[\[[V S»HKVaPVUL KP
WYV]]LKPTLU[PNV]LYUH[P]PYPZVS\[P]PKLSSLNYH]PKPMÄJVS[nPUJVYZV
+\YHU[L PS WYPTV X\PUX\LUUPV KLS SL NSVYPVZL MHIIYPJOL NHSSPWVSPUL KP IV[[P KVWV \U
KLJLUUPVKPJYPZPHJ\[HJLZZHYVUVS»H[[P]P[nWLYSHKLÄJPLUaHVHZZLUaHKLSYHJJVS[VVSLHYPVTHHUJOL
WLY PS WYVNYLZZP]V H\TLU[V JVUJVYYLUaPHSL KLSS»VSPV KP ZLTP KP JV[VUL JOL HS[YP WYVK\[[VYP UVU SVJHSP
mescolavano con l’olio d’oliva.
;\[[H]PH PS WVY[V KP .HSSPWVSP UVU M\ PS ZVSV H YLNPZ[YHYL PS [YHMÄJV KP VSPV" S»H[[V UV[HYPSL KLS NP\NUVYPWVY[HJOLSHUH]LJVTTLYJPHSLTHYJOPNPHUHKLNSPHNLU[P)LSH]P[PH[[YHJJH[HHSWVY[VKP:HU
*H[HSKVSHTHYPUHKP3LJJL[YHZWVY[H]H\UJHYPJVKPVSPVJVU[LU\[VPUIV[[PWLY\UHX\HU[P[nKP Z[HPLÏ\U»\S[LYPVYLJVUMLYTHJOLSVZJHSVUVUVZ[HU[LMVZZLZJVTVKVLW\YLWLYPJVSVZVWLYSLWVZZPIPSP
PUJ\YZPVUPJVYZHYLMVZZLZJLS[VWLYS»H[[YHJJVKPTHYZPSPHULNHSLVUP]HZJLSSPJOLYPWHY[P]HUVJHYPJOLKPVSPV
KLZ[PUH[VWYL]HSLU[LTLU[LH=LULaPH
3LJYVUHJOLYPWVY[HUVJOLZVS[HU[VULSZPLZWVY[HYVUVZ[HPLVZZPHX\PU[HSPJVU
\U\[PSLKPK\JH[PWLYKPYP[[PKVNHUHSP
3»H[[P]P[nWVY[\HSLZPWYV[YHZZLWVZP[P]HTLU[LÄUVHSSHWYPTHTL[nKLSVZZPHÄUVHX\HUKVUVU
ZPZ]PS\WW~PSWVY[VKP.HSSPWVSP
70
71
Spigolature
La rimunnaWV[H[\YHuS»VWLYHaPVULJVUJ\PZPZMVS[PZJLSHJOPVTH
KLSS»VSP]V WLY KHYNSP U\V]V ]PNVYL" ZVSP[HTLU[L u IPLUUHSL L ZP LMML[[\H
X\HUKVS»HSILYVWYVK\JLTLUVMY\[[P"X\LSSHTVKLYUH[LUKLHKHIIHZZHYL
PS WVY[HTLU[V KLNSP HSILYP JVZPKKL[[V ¸H WPLUV ]LU[V¹ WLY MHJPSP[HYL SH
YHJJVS[HLHKHKH[[HYZPHSYPKV[[VU\TLYVKPWV[H[VYPZ\STLYJH[VHSSHSVYV
ZLUPSPaaHaPVUL HSS»LSL]H[V JVZ[V KLSS»VWLYHaPVUL L HSS»H\TLU[H[H [\[LSH
PUMVY[\UPZ[PJHJOLIHUKPZJLS»\ZVKLSSLZJHSLKPSLNUV[HS]VS[HHS[LHUJOL
sette metri.
;\[[VYHJVTLULSWHZZH[VSHWV[H[\YH]PLULLMML[[\H[HZPHHKVWLYHUKV
lu sarracchiu SH ZLNH JVU SH SHTH JVY[H ZPH H pizzu de forbice JVU SH
MVYIPJLKHWV[H
«Nel dialetto leccese rimundare rimunnare rimunna mundare
mundamunnaOHUUVPSZPNUPÄJH[VHTWPVKPWV[HYLLKPWV[HNPVULUVU
KPSPTP[H[HYPW\SP[\YHKLSS»HSILYVLZVUV]VJPLWYH[PJOLJOLZPHKVWLYHUV
THZZPTHTLU[L[YH[[HUKVKLNSP\SP]P:JHYPJHYLZPKPJLKHPYPMVUKH[VYPSLJJLZP
SVHSSLNNLYPYL\UHSILYV[VNSPLUKVX\HSJOLYHTVLZJLTHUKVSHX\HU[P[n
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sarebbe uscito ntufatuWLZHU[LJVTLPSWPVTIV,KLYH\UH]LYHZ]LU[\YH
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tecnologico.
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nelle puteeVZ[LYPL
­5LS3LJJLZLMHUUV[HSuLWLYTVS[PWSPJHYLNSP\SP]PSLX\HSPJOPHTHUVmazzaredde e cambitte.
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come suol praticarsi con l’ulivo. Le ceppatelle degli ulivi vanno sotto il nome di mazzaredde®
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dall’evaporazione.
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campo della dermatologia e della cosmetica; l’olio è particolarmente indicato per la salute e la lucentezza dei capelli e
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ripetizione del trattamento per almeno tre sere consecutive assicurava la guarigione.
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di panno in cui era stata messa lana di pecora mai lavata.
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Le scottature si guarivano spalmando sulla parte interessata una sorta di unguento ottenuto amalgamando olio e
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sbattuti per almeno un’ora.
Per lenire i dolori dei reumatismi si consigliava di massaggiare la parte dolorante con olio caldo; per debellare la
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puntuale descrizione così come l’abbiamo trovata.
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l’operazione negli altri punti della zona dolorante. A conclusione dell’operazione la pelle è arrossata e il muscolo un po’
* La ferula, della Famiglia delle Apiacee, è una pianta che cresce nelle zone calcaree, sui pascoli ed a ridosso dei muretti a secco. Per la somiglianza del
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si versava un po’ d’olio; si poggiava sulla cenere calda del braciere e il contenuto si riscaldava immergendovi la punta
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e mal di gola.
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LK\UH[HaaPUHKPVSPV"X\PPTTLYNL]HPSWYVWYPVKP[VJOLH]YLIILMH[[VZNVJJPVSHYLWLY[YL]VS[LULSS»HJX\H3LNVJJL
]LUP]HUV WYLZL PU LZHTL! ZL ZP ZJPVNSPL]HUV L ZP KPZWLYKL]HUV ZPNUPÄJH]H JOL PS THSVJJOPV UVU J»LYH ZL PU]LJL ZP
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YLJP[HUKV\UHMVYT\SHWHY[PJVSHYLLKHJJVTWHNUHUKVSHJVU\UHTHUJPH[HKPZHSLILULKL[[V
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KPMMVUKL]HPU[VYUV\UKLIVSLJOPHYVYL[YLTVSHU[LJOLK\YH]HÄUJOtJ»LYHVSPVULSSHSHTWHKH0SS\TPJPUV]LUP]HWVZ[V
Z\SJVT~KH]HU[PHK\UHZ[H[\PUHKLSSH4HKVUUHVKPHS[YPZHU[PJOLZLTIYH]HPSS\TPUH[HKHSYPÅLZZVKP\UHJHYLaaH
[VTIHSL"VWW\YL]LUP]HHJJLZV]PJPUVHSSHNYV[[HKP.LZƒ)HTIPUVWLY[\[[VPSWLYPVKVUH[HSPaPV pe’ devuziòneWLY
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81
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8\HUKVPJVU[HKPUPUVULYHUVPTWLNUH[PULPSH]VYPKPJHTWHNUH\ZH]HUVPU[YLJJPHYLpanaripanarepanarieddhri
caniscecanisciuniWHUPLYPLJLZ[PKPKP]LYZHMVYTHLJHWPLUaHPUKPZWLUZHIPSPWLYPS[YHZWVY[VKLPWYVKV[[P5H[\YHSTLU[L
]PLYHUVHWWVZP[PHY[PNPHUPJOLWLYTLZ[PLYLJVZ[Y\P]HUVPZVWYHKKL[[PJVU[LUP[VYP
«Nel dialetto leccese la voce di paniere è panaru LK PUKPJH PS YLJPWPLU[L L X\HU[V ]P ZP JVU[PLUL" ¸WHUHY\ KL
ÄJOL¹:PMHW\YLHSWS\YHSLMLTTPUPSLpanare"¸WHUHYLKL[LYYHKLJH\JLKLWL[YL¹Panararu u]VJLJOLJVYYPZWVUKLH
panieraio. La paniera è lu canisciuJHULZ[YV®.VYNVUP
3HTH[LYPHWYPTHLYHHKPZWVZPaPVULPUJHTWHNUH!JHUULNP\UJOP]PUJOPWVSSVUPJYLZJP\[PHPWPLKPKLSS»HSILYV
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7YPTHKPLZZLYLPU[YLJJPH[PPYHTP]LUP]HUVYPW\SP[PKHL]LU[\HSPMVNSPLLYLZPSPZJP"SLJHUUL]LUP]HUV[HNSPH[LULS
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*VUS»HP\[VKP\UJVS[LSSVKP\UHWPJJVSHMHSJLZWLZZVZVZ[P[\P[HKH\UJVS[LSSVJVUSHSHTHYPJ\Y]H\UWHPVKP
MVYIPJPKPJHTWHNUHLK\UYV[VSVKPZWHNVZPJVTPUJPH]HHJVZ[Y\PYLPSWHUPLYLKHSSHIHZL!K\LMHZJPKPYHTPPUJYVJPH[PH
J\P]LUP]HUVWPLNH[LSLLZ[YLTP[nPUZLUZV]LY[PJHSLJVZ[P[\P]HUVS»VZZH[\YHKLSJLZ[V(SSHJYVJLWYLJLKLU[LTLU[LJYLH[H
ZPPU[YLJJPH]HUVYHTPTVS[VZV[[PSPTLU[YLPÄHUJOP]LUP]HUVYLHSPaaH[PPU[LYJHSHUKVSLML[[\JJLKPJHUUL.P\U[PHSS»HS[LaaH
KLZPKLYH[HKLSWHUPLYLZPÄZZH]HPSTHUPJVYLHSPaaH[VJVUSVZ[LZZVTH[LYPHSL
­3LWHY[PKLSWHUPLYLZVUV!lu culuJOLZPJVTWVULJVUSHcruceraLJOLPUP[HSPHUVKPJLZPMVUKV"li circhi; arvuli
o posteIHJJOL[[LV]L[YPJPJOLZPTL[[VUVULSJVYWVKLSWHUPLYLWLYKHYNSPTHNNPVYLMVY[LaaH"circhiu crossuS»VYSVJOL
MVYTHSHIVJJH"manecaTHUPJHPSTHUPJV®.VYNVUP
<UHS[YVHY[PNPHUVLYHZWLJPHSPaaH[VHKPU[YLJJPHYLÄZJVSPJVSNP\UJVKH]LUKLYLHJOPKVWVPSYHJJVS[VKLSS»\]H
LKLSSLVSP]LULH]L]HIPZVNUVWLYÄS[YHYLPSSPX\PKVV[[LU\[VKHSSHSVYVYPZWL[[P]HZWYLTP[\YH+VWV\UHUUVPU[LYVKP
SH]VYVHUJOLS\PZWLYH]HPU\UYHJJVS[VV[[PTVWLYWV[LYH]LYLYPJOPLZ[HKLPZ\VPTHU\MH[[P0SWYVJLKPTLU[VYPJOPLKL]HKP
\Z\MY\PYLKP\UHY\V[HTL[HSSPJHJOLNPYHUKVMHJL]HZJVYYLYL\UHZVY[HKPIVIPUHPUNYHKVKPJYLHYL\UKPZJVHTHNSPH
Ä[[PZZPTHJVU\UI\JVHSJLU[YVZyKHJVUZLU[PYLKPLZZLYLPTWPSH[VULS[VYJOPVKLSSLWYLZZLVSLHYPLV]PUHYPL
=PuJOPYPJVYKHHUJVYHNSPVWLYHPHKKL[[PHYLHSPaaHYLPÄZJVSPLWYPT»HUJVYHSLJVYKLJVUJ\PJVZ[Y\PYSPKPZWVULUKV
S»H[[YLaaH[\YHWLYSLZ[YHKLKPTVS[PWHLZPKLS*HWVKP3L\JH!\UHmacinnulaY\V[HNYHUKLKPMLYYVJOLH]L]HSHM\UaPVUL
KP[VYJLYLSHJHUHWHVHS[YHÄIYHLZVZ[LNUPKPMLYYVPUÄZZPULPT\YPKV]LWVNNPHYLSHJVYKHHUKHUKVHSS»PUKPL[YVHTHUV
HTHUVJOLWYVZLN\P]HS»PU[YLJJPVKLSSHÄIYH
Il caratteristico modo di camminare è contenuto nell’espressione dialettale ZJPYLHYL[\HYL[\JVT\S\ÄZJ\SHY\o
lu zzucaruHUKHYLPUKPL[YVJVTLPSÄZJVSHPVVPSJVZ[Y\[[VYLKPJVYKLKLUVTPUH[LzzochezzucheJOLZPPUKPYPaaH]HH
JVS\PJOLUVUWYVNYLKP]HULNSPHMMHYP
ÏVYTHPKLÄUP[P]HTLU[LZJVTWHYZVPSMHIIYPJH[VYLKPmarcatureZLYYH[\YLHJOPH]PZ[LSSVYVaaHTLU[LLSHIVYH[LL
JVUZPZ[LU[P¸PU\UZVSVISVJJVKPSLNUVKP\SP]VKLSSHMVYTHKP\UH[HY[HY\NHHS[VJTJPYJHSHYNVJTLZWLZZV
JT JOLKHSSHWHY[LWPHUHWYLZLU[H]H\UHZJHUHSH[\YHSHYNHJPYJHJTLWYVMVUKHJOLJVYYL]HWLY[\[[HSHZ\H
S\UNOLaaH 5LSSH ZJHUHSH[\YH WYLUKL]H WVZ[V \U JOPH]PZ[LSSV KL[[Vmascara (o mascaru ZLTWYL KLSSV Z[LZZV SLNUV PS
X\HSLHZ\H]VS[HWLYTL[nKLSSHZ\HS\UNOLaaHLKHSKPZV[[VWYLZLU[H]H\UHZJHUHSH[\YHTLU[YLPUJVYYPZWVUKLUaHKP
84
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X\LZ[HLULSSHWHY[LZ\WLYPVYLZPHWYP]HUVK\LV[YLPU[HJJH[\YL8\LZ[LPU[HJJH[\YLJVYYPZWVUKL]HUVLZH[[HTLU[LHK\L
V[YLUPJJOPKPZJP]VSVZJH]H[PULSISVJJVKLSSHmarcaturaKHSSHWHY[LZ\WLYPVYLKV]LWYLUKL]HUVWVZ[VK\LV[YLWPJJVSP
[YPHUNVSPYL[[HUNVSPKPSLNUVZ[LZZVZJVYYLU[PZ\NSPZJP]VSPKLPUPJJOPKHSSHWHY[LKLSS»HWV[LTHKL[[Pgnanniule JOLWLYPS
SVYVWLZVHIIHZZHUKVZPULPMVYPKLSJOPH]PZ[LSSVSVMLYTH]HUV
8\HUKVZPKV]L]HMHYZJVYYLYLHSS»PUKPL[YVPSJOPH]PZ[LSSVWLYHWYPYLSHWVY[HIHZ[H]HPUÄSHYL\UHJOPH]LKLU[H[H
S\UNVSHZJHUHSH[\YHKLSJOPH]PZ[LSSVJOLZVSSL]HUKVPS[YPHUNVSPUVKPSLNUVSVZISVJJH]HUVWLYTL[[LUKVKPMHYSVZJVYYLYL
HSS»PUKPL[YVLKHWYPYLJVZySHWVY[H8\HUKVWVPZPKV]L]HJOP\KLYL[LULUKVZLTWYLJVUSHJOPH]LZVSSL]H[LSLgnanniule
ZPZWPUNL]HH]HU[PPSJOPH]PZ[LSSVJOLUVUHWWLUH[VS[HSHJOPH]L]LUP]HKPU\V]VISVJJH[VKHP[YPHUNVSPUPKPSLNUV
3HJOPH]LJVUZPZ[L]HKP\UTHUPJVKPSLNUVS\UNVJPYJHJTHSX\HSLLYHHY[PJVSH[H\UHSHTHKPMLYYVKLU[H[H
JOLZPYPWPLNH]HULSTHUPJVJVTL\UHSHTHKP\UJVS[LSSV[HZJHIPSL
3HZLYYH[\YHJVU[\[[VPSTLJJHUPZTV]LUP]HPUJOPVKH[HHSSHWVY[HKHSSHWHY[LPU[LYUHKHJ\PZPWV[L]H]LKLYLZVSV
PSKVYZVKLSSH[HY[HY\NHKPSLNUVJVUPSJOPH]PZ[LSSVJOLSHH[[YH]LYZH]HULSSHZ\HWHY[LSHYNH"KHSSHWHY[LLZ[LYUHKLSSHWVY[H
]LUP]HWYH[PJH[H\UHÄULZ[YLSSHYL[[HUNVSHYLS\UNHJTJPYJHLSHYNHJPUX\LPUJVYYPZWVUKLUaHKLSSHWHY[LWVZ[LYPVYL
LKHSKPZV[[VKLSJOPH]PZ[LSSVZyKHWLYTL[[LYLS»PU[YVK\aPVULKLSSHJOPH]L0UHS[YP[LYTPUPSHÄULZ[YLSSHPU[HNSPH[HULSSH
parte esterna della porta rappresentava il buco della serratura.
La diversità delle marcatureJOLJLY[VUVULYHUV[\[[L\N\HSPJVUZPZ[L]HULSMHY]HYPHYLPSU\TLYVLSHKPZ[HUaHMYH
SVYVKLSSLgnanniuleZyJOLVNUPTHYJH[\YHH]L]HSHZ\HWYVWYPHJOPH]L7VUaP
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KLUVTPUHaPVULLZPPUKPJH!currulucurlipizzuÄ[\Ä[H[\Y\ ruculu un cono di legno di modeste dimensioni; sulla punta
JVUPJHLYHPUJHZ[YH[H\UH]P[LHJJVYNPTLU[VJOLNSPWLYTL[[L]HKPMHYSVNPYHYLZ\S[LYYLUVKVWVH]LYSVSHUJPH[VNYHaPL
alla cordicella (lu lazzu) avvolta intorno allu currulu iniziando dalla punta.
87
88
Proverbi
e modi di dire
Allu levitu fa’ chiù la monda (o rimonda) ca lu curtivu
(SS»VSP]L[VNPV]HWPƒ\UHWV[H[\YHJOLSHJVS[P]HaPVUL
De la Nunziata ntrata parata
0SNPVYUVKLSS»(UU\UJPHaPVULTHYaVÄVYPZJLS»VSP]V
Te Santu Vitu ggira lu llavitu!ci una o toi pare‘ntrata generale o HUJOL Te Santu
Vitu ngira lu livituse una o ddoi pe crappa ndave e’ ‘ntrata generale
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ZVSSLJP[HaPVULKPHUKHYLPUNPYVWLYS»VSP]L[V!ZLJVTWHPVUV\UHVK\LWPJJVSLVSP]LWYLZHNPVJOLP
ÄVYPZPZ[HUUV[YHZMVYTHUKVPUMY\[[PZPW\~LZZLYLZPJ\YPKLSSHIVU[nKLSYHJJVS[V
Il termine lavitu o livituVNNPuZVZ[P[\P[VKHSSHMVYTHulivetu.
0SZVWYHKKL[[VWYLZHNPVOHMH[[VJVUPHYLX\LZ[»HS[YVTVKVKPKPYL!quannu vene la ntrata spusamu la
MaculataX\HUKVHYYP]HSHÄVYP[\YHZWVZPHTV0TTHJVSH[H
Te la Mmaculata la cilina e’ maturata
7LYS»0TTHJVSH[HKPJLTIYLSHJLSSPUH]HYPL[nKPVSP]HTVS[VKPMM\ZHULS:HSLU[V
è maturata
La faa face la via e la mendula face vulìa
3HMH]HMHSH]PHLSHTHUKVYSHMHS»VSP]H
:LJVUKV SH ZHNNLaaH KLP ]LJJOP JVU[HKPUP SH YHJJVS[H HIIVUKHU[L KLP IHJJLSSP KP MH]H u PS
WYPTV ZLNUHSL KLSSH M\[\YH YHJJVS[H KP VSP]L JVZy JVTL X\LSSH KLSSL THUKVYSL ULP TLZP KP S\NSPV
agosto) è pronostico di abbondanza di olive.
Fica e ulìa cògghila ogni dia se uei ‘ndaggi la fatìa
Fico e oliva raccoglili ogni giorno se vuoi avere guadagno del lavoro
Jeu su’ donna te palazzu casciu an terra e nu me mmazzu
a lla crutta me scrafàzzu a lla chiesa luce fazzu 0VZVUVKVUUHKPWHSHaaV
JHKVH[LYYHLUVUTPHTTHaaV
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Le vulìe piccinneddhre fannu l’oiu a quadareddhre
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Quannu manca la vulìa povaredda e’ la casa mia
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La vulìa arde sia morta ca via
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A llu tiempu de la ccota nu se pensa a mamma morta
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A maggiu pruvìdite de asche e formaggiu
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L’acqua de San Bernardinu (20 maggio) rrubba pane, oiu e vinu
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Ànemo ce nerò ce mia furceddha na rìfsame es alè sti macchiateddha
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Segnu ca nc’ete ncora ogliu alla lampa perciò sta campa
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JOL[HYKH]HHTVYPYL
La verità ete comu l’ogliu: ene sempre a galla
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Nna macchia d’untu subbra n’utre d’ogliu
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Oju de prima stringitura e mieru de mezz’annu
Olio di prima spremitura e vino di metà anno
Ci voi mmanci cu custu, mieru vecchiu e oiu mustu
:L]\VPTHUNPHYLKPN\Z[V]PUV]LJJOPVLVSPVHWWLUHMYHU[V
Pane e oju e fazzu cce boju
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Uègghiu, ègghiu, ogliu
Il sostantivo dialettale uègghiu o ègghiu indica esclusivamente l’”olio d’oliva”; ogni altro diverso tipo di
VSPVuKLUVTPUH[Vogliu!pasta agghiu e uègghiuWHZ[HHNSPVLVSPV"la bottiglia te l’ègghiuSHIV[[PNSPH
KLSS»VSPVTH!ogliu te rigginuVSPVKPYPJPUV"tundu all’ogliu[VUUVHSS»VSPV"cangiare l’ogliu alla machina
MHYLPSJHTIPVKLSS»VSPV+Hogliu il verbo ogliareVSPHYLS\IYPÄJHYL
­0]LJJOPJVU[HKPUPKLS:HSLU[VÄUVHWVJOPHUUPVYZVUVULSJVUKPYLSL]LYK\YLLKPSLN\TPJVUS»VSPV
MYLZJV L MYHNYHU[L KHSS»HWWVZP[H IV[[PNSPH JHYHMH V JHYHÄUH \ZH]HUV ULS ]LYZHYSV ULS WPH[[V M\THU[L
tracciare una croce.
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HIIVUKHUaHLULSSVZ[LZZV[LTVYPZWHYTPVYLSPNPVZP[nLYPZWL[[VWLY
PSSPX\PKVKLSSHWYVZWLYP[n
Analogo segno di croce veniva tracciato col taglio della mano sul
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KHS HS 3H Z[Y\[[\YH WVY[HU[L KLSS»VWLYH u S»(SILYV KLSSH ]P[H YPWL[\[V PU JPHZJ\UH KLSSL [YL UH]H[L 5VU u
KPZ[PUN\PIPSLSH]HYPL[nIV[HUPJHWLYJOtuWYLZVJVTLZPTIVSVLJVTL\UPJVTVKLSSV­KHJ\PZJH[\YPZJVUVSLJ\S[\YL
PUKVL\YVWLLJOLOHUUVTVKLSSH[VLTVKLSSHUVS»,\YVWHLKPUJ\PJVU]P]VUVLZWLYPLUaLJYPZ[PHULWYLJYPZ[PHULUVU
JYPZ[PHULTVZ[YPLKLYVP)PIIPHLZ[VYPHSL[[LYH[\YHLTP[VSVNPHHUNLSPLKPH]VSP®5VJLYH
7LY SH Z\H M\UaPVUL KP SVNVZ JP WPHJL WHYHNVUHYSV HSS»VSP]V YP[LU\[V ¸HSILYV KLSSH ]P[H¹ KH TVS[P ZHSLU[PUP KLS
WHZZH[V KLS WYLZLU[L L JP H\N\YPHTV KLS M\[\YV +H LZZV WHY[PHTV WLY WYVWVYYL SH JHYYLSSH[H KP YPÅLZZPVUP Z\SS»VSP]V
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Gli olivi di Ciardo, Bello, Corvaglia
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neppure la notte riesce a smorzare.
,JJVJVTLLNSPZLU[LX\LZ[HKLP[n!
L’olivo salentino è pianta antischematica per eccellenza. La sua norma, se così si possa dire, è una sorta di irrazionalità
stravagante, la quale preferisce accordarsi con gli accidenti del suolo e con le alternative del clima, piuttosto che obbedire
al controllo dell’uomo. Forse è per questo che gli oliveti del salento possono esibire un repertorio inesauribile di sagome
paradossali, di strutture e complicazioni di linee bizzarre, quasi ad ammonire che in materia di invenzioni la natura la sa
WPƒS\UNHKPUVP5LZZ\UHPTTHNPUHaPVULKPHY[PZ[HZHWYLIILKLMVYTHYLLJVU[VYJLYLSHÄN\YH\THUHPU[YLJJPHYJVYWPH
quel modo e con quegli stessi slanci disperati, com’è dato di vedere nei tronchi ultrasecolari di Terra d’Otranto, complessi
e massicci come pilastri di architetture medioevali, tutti bozze e fenditure, che affondano nei sassi il groviglio tentacolare
delle radici. Quasi verrebbe di pensare a delle anticipazioni delle teorie cubiste…Vuol dire che mentre in natura tutto
ÄUPZJLWLYYPZ\S[HYLSVNPJVWLYJOt[\[[V]POH\UHZ\HM\UaPVULWYLJPZHJLY[L[YV]H[LKLSS»HY[LZVUVLSHIVYHaPVUPZVÄZ[PJH[L
LKHMMH[PJHU[PKP\UJLYLIYHSPZTVJOLYPÄ\[HPJVU[H[[PJVUSHYLHS[n
Allo straordinario assortimento delle forme fa riscontro la variabilità dell’umore. Quando il tempo è calmo l’olivo
è statico e solenne, ha un che di placido e di familiare che suggerisce la serenità. Investito dal vento si trasforma in
un organismo stranamente vivo, in una frenesia di chiome sconvolte, di musicalità assurde. Le contorsioni dei tronchi
hanno allora qualcosa di dolorante, la pianura è tutta un mareggiare di cime argentate, nel quale naufraga il mito del
ZPTIVSVKLSSHWHJL0UVS[YLS»VSP]VTHSZVWWVY[HSHYLNVSHKLSS»\VTV:LULW\~H]LYLJ\YHÄUJOtZP]\VSL[YH[[HYSVJVU
NSPHJJVYNPTLU[PKLSSHTPNSPVYLZJPLUaHTHPUKLÄUP[P]HMHHTVKVZ\VPYYPKLUKVJHSJVSPLZWLYHUaL7LYHUUPZ»PTW\U[H
e non dà frutto, senza un motivo. Poi eccolo che piega sotto il peso delle fronde stracariche, a scorno di chi l’aveva
abbandonato a se stesso. Perciò i suoi rapporti con l’uomo non sono facili. E tuttavia questa pianta sconcertante domina
da millenni la vita della regione salentina col suo fascino primordiale, e più ancora con la sua onnipotenza.
La incontri ovunque. Smilza e stentata lungo i cigli rocciosi della costa adriatica e nelle crepe dei burroni di
Leuca, maestosa e opulenta ai bordi delle strade polverose e nelle pianure ammantate di verde argentato. Senza l’olivo il
WHLZHNNPVZHSLU[PUVUVUH]YLIILZLUZVZHYLIIL\UHWPL[YHPHKLZVSH[HPY[HKPWHSP[LSLNYHÄJPWLYJOtuS»VSP]VJOLNSPKn\U
volto particolare, inserendosi nelle dominanti tonalità del grigio dei sassi, del rosso del terreno, del bianco calcinato delle
case. E’ come il suggello del tipico cromatismo locale, discreto ed aristocratico, il quale si risolve nella magia luminosa
di un cielo quasi orientale. In quella semplicità disadorna è facile scoprire dei nessi con la malinconica interiorità della
tavolozza di un Toma, il più apparentemente povero, il più spirituale dei pittori meridionali dell’Ottocento. La uniformità
piatta del territorio, con quelle caratteristiche prospettive dagli orizzonti bassi e lontani, fa dell’olivo il numero uno di ogni
veduta, di ogni inquadratura. Di giorno quando il solleone ne respinge l’ombra ai margini della strada accanto a quella
KLSWHSV[LSLNYHÄJVZVSP[HYPVU\TLYVK\LKLSSHZJLUHKPUV[[LX\HUKVZPZ[HNSPHZJ\YPZZPTVJVU[YVPSWSLUPS\UPV
Come dire che la identità olivo-Salento è perfetta. Questa terra non ha forse di meglio da offrire agli itinerari
distrutti del turismo e della letteratura. Il suo è un fascino in sordina, nel quale anche il ricordo della fatica umana entra
per la sua parte. Non ha niente di spettacolare, perché è fatto di cose piane e dimesse, alle quali accostarsi con semplice
cuore. Solo così si può intendere come nel Salento l’olivo sia qualcosa di più di uno dei tanti accidenti del mondo
vegetale, cioè una sorta di deità casalinga, bonaria e patriarcale, che accompagna infaticabile l’esistenza dell’uomo. Un
po’ come il destino. Ma un destino nel quale, tutto sommato, l’idillio prevale sul dramma.
,JJVJVZHZJYP]L(SKV)LSSV!
“E sopravvissero gli ulivi. Leggenda vuole che fossero di affusolati tronchi d’ulivo le croci alle quali i romani
HWWLUKL]HUV JHWV]VS[P NSP ZWHY[HJOPZ[P K»VNUP SVYV [LTWV" L JOL LTLZZH KHS :PULKYPV SH JVUKHUUH KLS 5HaHYLUV
piuttosto che far da patibolo per Cristo, gli ulivi preferirono universalmente contorcersi, delegando la funzione di strumento
di martirio all’incolpevole cedro del Libano. Nodosi, aggrovigliati, obliqui, bonariamente torvi e bislacchi, spesso secolari:
ZHYnWLYX\LZ[VJOLHSJVZWL[[VKPHSILYPJH[[LKYHSPJVTLX\LZ[PPJVU[HKPUPZHS\[H]HUV[VNSPLUKVZPSHJVWWVSH"ZHYnWLY
questo che da Ciardo a Della Notte, da Re a Mandorino, da Gabrieli a Suppressa non c’è stato pittore che non abbia
ritratto, stilizzato, comunque celebrato quest’albero e la sua sacralità (caro a Minerva nei giorni del fusto dritto: emblema
della pace dal tempo dei tronchi gordiani). Sicché coltivarlo (verbo che contiene la radice di “culto”) è un rito, e le terre
che d’ora in ora ombreggia e lamina, rosse di bauxite e striate di grumi silicei, sembrano avvolgersi in un’intensa serenità,
in silenzi appena rigati dal frinire delle cicale.
Segnalati a distanza dai pini d’Aleppo, muovendo da Collepasso, gli ulivi più imperiali di Puglia assediano Maglie,
e quando la valicano, inclinano le chiome a occidente per la costanza del grecale. Perciò li chiamano “ulivi del vento”,
quali che sembrano rullare sui campi prima di spiccare il volo chi sa per dove. E proseguono dominando le terre e le rocce
del Capo, dove i colori si fanno più decisi, più netti e contrastanti, mentre si avvicinano agli scogli oltre i quali si fondono
in un blu prussiano i due mari”.
L3\PNP*VY]HNSPHPUFinibusterre!
A sfondo […] si stendeva solenne l’uliveto, come colonnato di un tempio apocalittico. Gli alberi sorgevan dal
suolo roccioso allineati, ma contorti, ciascuno in un gesto singolare, ciascuno in una singolare animazione. Ce n’era
di stecchiti. S’ergevano a fatica. Ma i più rampavan giganteschi, abbrancando tra gli anfratti come zampe d’animali
favolosi. Altri venivan su ritorti, a chiocciola, a spirale, ploranti, ostili, drappeggiandosi, ricadendo in gorgiere e in clamidi.
=»LYHUVKLMVYTHaPVUPNVIILZX\HYJP[Y\J\SLU[LKP]PZJLYLZVSPKPÄJH[L]HS]LPTTHUP3\UNVPKVYZPZX\HTVZPJPJH[YPJP
lebbre, asprezze di mutilazioni… Ma, oltre una certa altezza, il convulso, fattosi regolare s’ammansiva in toni di grigio e,
diramandosi trionfalmente in su, diffondeva la volta verde argentea costellata di mignole.
100
8\PUVU]VYYLPTVYPYLKV]L]P]LYL
TP[VJJHTPVWHLZL
così sgradito da doverti amare;
lento piano dove la luce pare
di carne cruda
LPSULZWVSV]HL]PLULMYHUVPLS»PU]LYUV
Pigro
JVTL\UHTLaaHS\UHULSZVSLKPTHNNPV
SH[HaaHKPJHMMuSLWHYVSLWLYK\[L
]P]VVYTHPULSSLJVZLJOLPTPLPVJJOPN\HYKHUV!
KP]LU[V\SP]VLY\V[HK»\USLU[VJHYYV
ZPLWLKPÄJOPK»0UKPH[LYYHHTHYH
dove cresce il tabacco.
Vittorio Bodini
*HKLHWLaaPHX\LZ[»VYHZ\SSL[LYYLKLS:\K
un tramonto da bestia macellata.
3»HYPHuWPLUHKPZHUN\L
LNSP\SP]PLSLMVNSPLKLS[HIHJJV
e ancora non s’accende un lume.
Vittorio Bodini
L’amore era una lettera trovata
nel tronco di un olivo; l’amicizia
PSJHWLSSVZWHJJH[VPUK\LZVMÄH[V
nel vento; e la morte
PSKLU[LJOLZPZLYIHWLYPSNPVYUV
KLS.P\KPaPV
Vittorio Bodini
*VU[L
ZWLNULYLHSVUPHX\LZ[LJOPLZL
KV]LNSPVSP]PP[YHSJPLSHWYVMVUKH
HYNPSSHKPUVPVMMYVUVHSS»VUKH
in navigata eterne attese.
Vittorio Pagano
101
La suppa de lu perieddhu
La zuppa del poveretto
¸*»LYH\UH]VS[H\UWV]LYVJOLH]\[PPULSLTVZPUH
KLP[VaaPKPWHUL\ZH]HYLJHYZPPU\UHJOPLZHLTHUNPHYL
X\LS WHUL PU[PU[V ULSS»VSPV KLSSH SHTWHKH JOL HYKL]H
KPUHUaP HS :HU[PZZPTV3»VSPVKPTPU\P]HH]PZ[HK»VJJOPV
JVUTLYH]PNSPHKLSWHYYVJVLKLSZHNYLZ[HUV8\LZ[V\U
NPVYUV]VSSLZ[HYLHSSH]LKL[[HHUJOLWLYJOt[LTL]HJOL
PSWHYYVJVZVZWL[[HZZLKPS\P<UILSTVTLU[V]PKL]LUPYL
PSWV]LYVSV]PKLJH]HYM\VYPKHSZHJJOL[[V\UWV»KPWHUL
LPTTLYNLYSVULSSHSHTWHKH7VPPSWV]LYVZ»PUNPUVJJOP~
LJVUNYHUKL]VaPVULWYLN~HTLaaH]VJL0SZHNYLZ[HUV
SVSHZJP~PUWHJL"THZLUaHMHYLY\TVYLLMHYZP]LKLYLZP
H]]PJPU~WLYHMMLYYHYLSLWHYVSLKPX\LSSHWYLNOPLYH5VU
LYHWYLNOPLYHTHJVU]LYZHaPVULHTPJOL]VSLJVUUVZ[YV
:PNUVYL! ¸Ssuppu (inzuppo) pane meu intru ogliu santu
Tou¯¹*VZyHUKH]HKPJLUKVPSWV]LYL[[V0SZHJYLZ[HUV
HKPYH[VJVYZLHJOPHTHYLPSWHYYVJVWLYJOtPU[LY]LUPZZLL
JVUZ[H[HZZLJOPLYHPSSHKYV"THPSWHYYVJVPU[LY]LUULJVU
\UHSH\[HLSLTVZPUHLKPZZLHSWV]LYV!¸=H»HJVTWYHY[P
\U SP[YV K»VSPV L \U SP[YV KP ]PUV¹ , PS ZHJYLZ[HUV KPZZL!
¸8\LS WV]LYL[[V JVU]PU[V JOL *YPZ[V u Z\V MYH[LSSV
UVU JYLKL]H KP Y\IHYL L *YPZ[V SV OH HP\[H[V¹ ([[PZHUP
=LYUHSLVUL
102
103
Luce rubata
/VWYLZVZ[HZLYHULSSLTHUPZ[HUJOL
la mia scodella di pomodori e cipolle
\UHMYPZLSSHK»VYaV
HWLY[HJVTLaVSSHX\HUKVWPV]L
:VUVHUKH[VHTHUNPHYLZV[[VPSÄJV
KPL[YVSHJHZHH\UVJJOPVKPS\UH
e poca croce d’olio
luce rubata sulle dita pure.
/VIL]\[VHS\UNVS»HJX\HHSSHJPZ[LYUH
JVUSHMHJJPHHMMVUKH[HKLU[YVS»V[YL
YLMYPNLYPVKPTVY[P
Ho pensato
a mio padre
SLZJ\YLMH[PJOL
HX\LSMLYTVPTT\[H[VZLYLUV
Donato Moro
Aggiu spruàte a tùmmeni parole
nchiàte de jentu, uscate de lu sule
citte e retàte e pitrùse
le megghiu su’ rumàste sulle nache
càndide comu màttuli de mmace
e intra cu nu nùzzulu d’amore.
Mo’ ca li passi pèrdenu la uce
e bau ‘ncerca de mie cercandu Diu
le ccògghenu alle cime a una a una
le dìscete de l’anima suttili
e me cconzu muddìcule de vita
cu n’àcenu de sale de prighiera
e cu na cruce d’uèju de puesia.
Erminio Giulio Caputo
104
*VU SL THUP OV Z[YHWWH[V [VTVSP
KP WHYVSLNVUÄL KP ]LU[V IY\JPH[L KHS
ZVSLaP[[L L NYPKH[L [LULYL L WPL[YVZL
le migliori sono rimaste sui rami/candide
JVTLÄVJJOPKPIHTIHNPHLJVUKLU[YV\U
UVJJPVSVK»HTVYL6YHJOLPWHZZPWLYKVUV
SH]VJL]HKVPUJLYJHKPTLJLYJHUKV+PV
le colgono alle cime a una a una/le dita
sottili dell’anima/e mi condisco briciole
KP]P[HJVU\UNYHUVKPZHSLKPWYLNOPLYHL
una croce d’olio di poesia.//
105
Ricettario
tipico
0UZHWVYPYL \UH WPL[HUaH JVU \U ÄSV
K»VSPV L_[YH]LYNPUL K»VSP]H ]VSL]H KPYL WLY
SL KVUUL ZHSLU[PUL KLS WHZZH[V MH]VYPYL \UH
YLJPWYVJH LZHS[HaPVUL PTWHY[PYL \UH ZVY[H
KP SHPJH ILULKPaPVUL HS JPIV HS KLZJV HP
commensali ed augurare un “buon appetito”
JOLWHY[P]HKHSJ\VYL
107
)Y\ZJOL[[H
;HNSPH[L SL ML[[L KHSSH MVYTH KP WHUL JHZLYLJJPV
HSX\HU[VZWLZZLHIIY\Z[VSP[LSLWVZZPIPSTLU[LHSSHIYHJLKLS
MVJVSHYLX\LS[HU[VJOLIHZ[HWLYJOtZPMVYTP\UHJYVZ[PJPUH
KVYH[HZ\HTILK\LSLWHY[PZLUVUZPOHPSJHTPUV]HILUL
HUJOL \UH WPHZ[YH HYYV]LU[H[H L KVWV H]LY]P Z[YVÄUH[V
ZWPJJOPKPHNSPVJVUKP[LSLJVU\UJVTWVZ[VWYLWHYH[VWLY
[LTWVHIHZLKPWLaaL[[PUPKPWVTVKVYVPS[PWVWPƒHKH[[V
deve essere te mpisa o te pendula HWWLZP HK \UH JVYKH
KLSSH ]HYPL[n JOL ZP JVUZLY]H WLY S»HWWYV]]PNPVUHTLU[V
108
PU]LYUHSL Y\JVSH ZWVU[HULH HIIVUKHU[L
VSPV YPNVYVZHTLU[L L_[YH]LYNPUL K»VSP]H L
un pizzico di sale.
La varietà degli ingredienti è
LZ[YLTHTLU[LZVNNL[[P]VTHTVS[VKPWLUKL
dalla loro disponibilità sul mercato; per
LZLTWPV ZL P WVTVKVYP PU]LYUHSP ZVUV
PU[YV]HIPSP ZP WVZZVUV ZVZ[P[\PYL JVU X\LSSP
MYLZJOPJVZyJVTL\UHZWVS]LYH[HKPVYPNHUV
W\~WYLUKLYLPSWVZ[VKLSSHrucula spontanea.
:\SSH ML[[H HIIY\Z[VSP[H X\HSJ\UV
ZVZ[P[\PZJL S»HNSPV ZWHSTHUKV recotta
scante YPJV[[H MVY[L Z\SSH X\HSL KPZWVUL
X\HSJOLÄSL[[VKPHJJP\NH"S»HJJVZ[HTLU[Vu
X\HU[VTHPPU]P[HU[LWLYILYL\UIPJJOPLYL
KLSS»V[[PTV ]PUV YVZZV SVJHSL 8\HSJ\U
HS[YV ]P TL[[L TLSHUaHUL [HNSP\aaH[L
precedentemente arrostite e macerate
ULSS»VSPVLHJL[VPUZPLTLHK\UHTHUJPH[HKP
JHWWLYPX\HSJOLWLaaL[[VKP[VUUVZV[[»VSPV
ML[[LKPWVTVKVYVMVNSPLKPrucola¯L[HU[V
altro ancora.
:LPUZVTTHHSZLTWSPJLWVTVKVYV
L HS JSHZZPJV ÄSV K»VSPV ZP HNNP\UNVUV
WLY LZLTWPV KHKPUP KP MVYTHNNPV MYLZJV
JHYJPVÄUPLWLWLYVUPZV[[»VSPVSHIY\ZJOL[[H
KP]LU[H \U HU[PWHZ[V HSX\HU[V ZVZ[HUaPVZV
NYHKP[V PUK\IIPHTLU[L KHSSV Z[VTHJV
estremamente invitante alla vista.
*H\[LKKOY\
Ingredienti:
ML[[LKPWHULJHZLYLJJPV"
JPWVSSLMYLZJOL
WYLMLYPIPSTLU[LZW\UaHSPVZWY\UaHSP"
WVTVKVYPZLJJOP"
10 pomodori di pendola;
VSPVK»VSP]HLZHSLXI
110
;YP[H[L NYVZZVSHUHTLU[L NSP ZW\UaHSP P WVTVKVYP
ZLJJOP L X\LSSP MYLZJOP PUZPLTL HS WLWLYVUJPUV" J\VJL[L
PS[\[[VWLYHSTLUVTLaa»VYHPU\UHWLU[VSHPUJ\PH]L[L
]LYZH[V HIIVUKHU[L VSPV L_[YH ]LYNPUL K»VSP]H \U WV» KP
HJX\HLZHSLXI:LY]P[LJVUWHULJHZLYLJJPVTLNSPVZL
KLSNPVYUVWYPTHVWW\YLHIIY\Z[VSP[V
Mostarda di olive
7YLUKL[L RN KP VSP]L NYVZZL TH[\YL L WVSWVZL
ZUVJJPVSH[LSLLTL[[L[LSLPU\UWLU[VSPUVJVU\UIPJJOPLYL
KPVSPV\UWPaaPJVKPZHSL\UVKPWLWLPSZ\JJVKPTLaaH
HYHUJPH L \UH MVNSPH KP ZHS]PH 3HZJPH[LSL WVP J\VJLYL H
M\VJVSLU[PZZPTVZPUVHJOLSLVSP]LUVUZPZHYHUUVKPZMH[[L
KVWVKPJOuWHZZLYL[LPS[\[[VHSZL[HJJPVLSHWHZ[HV[[LU\[H
WV[YnLZZLYLJVUZLY]H[HPU]HZPKP]L[YVJVWLY[HJVU\UÄSV
d’olio. Ottima per condire il lesso in sostituzione della
senape di dubbia derivazione e genuinità.
111
Pane cuettu (pane cotto)
Ingredienti:
NYKPWHULYHMMLYTVTLNSPVZLJHZLYLJJPV"
100 gr. di pecorino grattugiato;
MVNSPLKPHSSVYV"
íIPJJOPLYLKPVSPVL_[YH]LYNPULK»VSP]H"
ZHSLXI
112
;HNSPH[LPSWHULHWLaaL[[PTL[[L[LSVPU\UHWLU[VSH
JVWYLUKVSV KP HJX\H" HNNP\UNL[L]P SL MVNSPL KP HSSVYV L
JVZWHYNL[L \U ÄSV K»VSPV -H[L ZVIIVSSPYL HNNP\UNLUKV
ZL NYHKP[V \U WV» KP WLWLYVUJPUV ÄUV HSSH JV[[\YH VZZPH
X\HUKVPSWHULUVUZPZWHWWVSLYnLSHa\WWHUVUKP]LU[LYn
KLUZH=LYZH[LSHULPWPH[[PJVUHIIVUKHU[LMVYTHNNPV7LY
YLUKLYSHWPƒJVUZPZ[LU[LZPW\~HNNP\UNLYL\U\V]V
( WPHJLYL HJJVTWHNUHYL JVU ]LYK\YL JV[[L YHWL
JPJVYPL
(JX\HZHSL
:PZ[LTH[L P WLaaL[[P KP WHUL JHZLYLJJPV YHMMLYTV PU
\UWPH[[VSHYNVLJHWPLU[L]LYZH[L]PS»HJX\HZ\MÄJPLU[LWLY
HTTVYIPKPYSP"X\HUKVSVZHYHUUVHNNP\UNL[L]PWLWLYVUJPUV
MYLZJVVZLJJVVPUWVS]LYLWVTVKVYPUPHWLaaL[[PMYLZJOP
VZV[[V»VSPVZHSLLVSPVL_[YH]LYNPULK»VSP]H
113
<SPLJHaaH[L
8\LZ[HVWLYHaPVUL]PLULLZLN\P[HNLULYHSTLU[LJVU
VSP]LKLSSHJ\S[P]HYVNSPHYVSHZHSLU[PUHVJVUSL¸\SPLWHZVSL¹
come vengono genericamente appellate nel Salento tutte le
VSP]LJVUKY\WHNYVZZH8\LZ[L]HUUVYHJJVS[LHUJVYH]LYKP
V HWWLUH JHUNPHU[P V]]LYV HWWLUH X\HSJ\UH JVTPUJPH H
]PYHYLKHS]LYKL]LYZVSVZJ\YV=HUUV[LU\[LPUHJX\HMYLZJH
WLYHSTLUV\UHNPVYUH[HJHTIPHUKVSHZWLZZVX\PUKP]HUUV
ZJOPHJJPH[LJVU\UTHaa\VSVKPSLNUVMHJLUKVH[[LUaPVUL
114
HUVUYVTWLYLPSUVJJPVSVVWW\YLPUJPZLJVU\UJVS[LSSV
=HUUV WVZ[L PU \U YLJPWPLU[L WYLMLYPIPSTLU[L PU \UH
¸SPTIH¹ [YHKPaPVUHSL YLJPWPLU[L KP [LYYHJV[[H ]L[YPÄJH[H KP
MVYTHZ]HZH[HJVUHJX\HMYLZJHJOLKL]LLZZLYLJHTIPH[H
X\V[PKPHUHTLU[L" KVWV K\L ZL[[PTHUL ]HUUV ZJVSH[L L
JVUKP[LJVUZHSL:PWVZZVUVZLY]PYLKVWVX\HSJOLVYH
Pane alle olive
Ingredienti:
1 porzione di pasta lievitata;
350 gr. di olive nere snocciolate;
VSPVL_[YH]LYNPULK»VSP]HXI
+VWV JOL SH WHZ[H u SPL]P[H[H \UP[L SL VSP]L L
PTWHZ[H[LWLYJOtZPHTHSNHTPUVILUL:PZ[LTH[LSLMVYTL
KPWHULZ\SSHWSHJJHPUMHYPUH[HKLSMVYUVLSHZJPH[LSPL]P[HYL
HUJVYHWLYJPYJHTPU\[P*\VJL[LPUMVYUVJHSKVH‡
WLYJPYJHTPU\[PÄUVHX\HUKVSHZ\WLYÄJPLUVUKP]LU[H
dorata. Le olive possono essere sostituite con pancetta a
KHKPUPNOLYPNSPKPUVJLYVZTHYPUV
115
<SPLZJH[[HYPZJPH[L
7LY X\LZ[H YPJL[[H ZP \[PSPaaHUV KLSSL UVYTHSP
VSP]L KH VSPV ILU TH[\YL JVUKPaPVUL JOL ULS :HSLU[V ZP
]LYPÄJHPU[VYUVHSSHTL[nKPKPJLTIYL:HYLIILVWWVY[\UV
WYLKPSPNLYLVSP]LKLSSHJ\S[P]HY¸VNSPHYVSHZHSLU[PUH¹JOLu
\UH KLSSL K\L J\S[P]HY [YHKPaPVUHSP THNNPVYTLU[L KPMM\ZL
ULS :HSLU[V 8\LZ[L ]HUUV ZLTWSPJLTLU[L ZJPHJX\H[L L
WVZ[LHZVMMYPNNLYLTVS[VSLU[HTLU[LPU\UHWHKLSSHJVU\U
ÄSVK»VSPVL\UWPaaPJVKPZHSL:VUVWYVU[LX\HUKVHWWHYL
L]PKLU[L SH M\VYP\ZJP[H KP VSPV KHSSL VSP]L L X\HUKV JVU
\UHSLNNLYHWYLZZPVULKLSKVYZVKLSSHMVYJOL[[HZPZLWHYHPS
nocciolo dalla polpa. Sono utilizzate per accompagnare
WPH[[P JVTL SL MH]L IPHUJOL L WLY JVU[VYUV HSSH JHYUL KP
THPHSL HYYVZ[V 0S UVTL KLYP]H KHS [PWPJV ZMYPNVSHYL KLS
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scattarisciare.
Pane marinato
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maturo e di cipolla. Spolverate abbondante origano. Se
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Per la loro preparazione dovrete procurarvi delle
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si consiglia di procedere alla loro raccolta non prima
della metà di dicembre. Andranno poste a bagno in un
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HJX\H KVWVKPJOt ZP WYLWHYH \UH ZHSHTVPH TL[[LUKV
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giorni si aggiungeranno altri sei-settecento grammi di
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i primi venti giorni è bene lasciare scoperti i recipienti
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idealmente un ritorno alla bella stagione. Dopo un
preliminare trattamento vengono disposti nei barattoli
L JVWLY[P KP VSPV L_[YH]LYNPUL K»VSP]H JOL JVUMLYPZJL
un gusto delicato o deciso a seconda dell’ingrediente.
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alle insalate.
La gamma degli ingredienti da conservare
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ATTIVITÀ FARMACOLOGICA
L’olio di oliva è considerato “alimento medicamento”.
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KL]LLZZLYLYL[[PÄJH[VWLYHIIHZZHYULS»HJPKP[nLTPNSPVYHYULSLJHYH[[LYPZ[PJOLVYNHUVSL[[PJOLJVSVYLVKVYLZHWVYL
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trieni.
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distruzione di composti importanti dal punto di vista nutrizionale come gli antiossidanti.
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VALORI NUTRIZIONALI
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LJHYH[[LYPZ[PJPZVUV!S»HJPKVVSLPJVLSPUVSLPJV3»HJPKVVSLPJVUVUKV]YLIIL
LZZLYLPUMLYPVYLHSLS»HJPKVSPUVSLPJVUVUKV]YLIILZ\WLYHYLPSJVU
rapporto oleico/linoleico maggiore o uguale a 7.
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JVTWVZ[PPTWVY[HU[P!
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‹-P[VZ[LYVSPPUWHY[PJVSHYLIL[HZP[LYVSV
‹=P[HTPULSPWVZVS\IPSPJVTLIL[HJHYV[LUL
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‹7VSPMLUVSPJVUH[[P]P[nHU[PVZZPKHU[L
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HSS»VSL\YVWLPUH 3»VSL\YVWLPUH u YLZWVUZHIPSL KLS ZHWVYL HTHYV KLP MY\[[P L
KLSSLMVNSPLKLSS»VSP]VZ]VSNL\U»PTWVY[HU[LHaPVULWYV[L[[P]HULPJVUMYVU[P
KLSSL VZZPKHaPVUP 0U ]P[YV TNRN ZP u KPTVZ[YH[V JOL u \UH ZVZ[HUaH
¸U\[YHJL[PJH¹]HSLHKPYLJOLuU\[YPLU[LLMHYTHJV3»VSL\YVWLPUHLZLYJP[H
\ULMML[[VWVZP[P]VJVU[YVSHWYVSPMLYHaPVULKLSSLJLSS\SLSL\JLTPJOL
3L JHYH[[LYPZ[PJOL Z\KKL[[L ZVUV ZVS[HU[V KLSS»VSPV ]LYNPUL WLYJOt S»VSPV KP
ZHUZHOH\UHWLYJLU[\HSLTHNNPVYLKPHJPKVSPUVSLPJVKH HL]P
uHUJOLSHWYLZLUaHKP\UHS[YVHJPKVJOLPU]LJLuKLS[\[[VHZZLU[LULSS»VSPV
]LYNPUL:P[YH[[HKLSS»HJPKVLSHPKPUPJVJOLuS»PZVTLYV[YHUZKLSS»HJPKVVSLPJV
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OLIO DI OLIVA ED APPARATO DIGERENTE
,ZLYJP[HLMML[[PKPL[VSVNPJP!%,\WLW[PJV%JPUL[PJVKLSSL]PLIPSPHYP
,ZLYJP[H LMML[[P KPL[V[LYHWPJP! % ;VUPJV Z\SSH JVSLJPZ[P % WYL]LU[P]V WLY SH
litiasi coleretica.
3»VSPV K»VSP]H u PS NYHZZV JOL YPTHUL TLUV H S\UNV ULSSV Z[VTHJV UVU
TVKPÄJHSLZLJYLaPVUPHJPKLJOLPNYHZZPHUPTHSPYPK\JVUVZLTIYHMHJJPH
H\TLU[HYLSHZLJYLaPVULHSJHSPUHKLSSLJLSS\SLKLSS»HU[YVWPSVYPJVLKLSMVUKV
NHZ[YPJV! WLY X\LZ[V u PUKPJH[V ULSSL NHZ[YP[P PWLYJSVYPKYPJOL L ULSSL \SJLYL
NHZ[YVK\VKLUHSPÏL\WLW[PJVPUX\HU[VYLUKLWPƒNYHKL]VSPPJPIP
I grassi alimentari arrivano nello stomaco e determinano una diminuzione
KLSSH WYLZZPVUL KLSSV ¸ZÄU[LYL LZVMHNLV PUMLYPVYL¹ MH]VYLUKV PS YLÅ\ZZV KLS
TH[LYPHSL HJPKV ULSS»LZVMHNV L YP[HYKHUV PS [LTWV KP Z]\V[HTLU[V NHZ[YPJV"
S»VSPVKPVSP]HuS»VSPVJOLWYVT\V]LTLUVX\LZ[VTLJJHUPZTVKPYPN\YNP[V
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VSP]LNL[HSP!NPYHZVSLHYHJOPKPLTHPZLJJ¯
L’elevata digeribilità è dovuta sia alla presenza nella posizione 2 del glicerolo
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JOLPUX\LZ[VTVKVW\~WLUL[YHYLWPƒMHJPSTLU[LULSSHT\JVZHPU[LZ[PUHSLL
ZPHHSS»HJPKVVSLPJVJOLH[[P]HSH[YPNSPJLYPKLZPU[L[HZPULP]PSSPPU[LZ[PUHSP
Vie biliari
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KP JVU[YHaPVUL KLSSH JVSLJPZ[P Z]\V[HUKVUL PS JVU[LU\[V LK LSPTPUHUKV P
depositi micellari prima di una loro ulteriore aggregazione e determina un
YPSHZJPHTLU[V KLSSV ZÄU[LYL KP 6KKP JOL SV YLUKL LMÄJHJL ULSSL KPZJPULZPL
delle vie biliari.
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ottenere drenaggi biliari.
Intestino
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3»LMML[[VuKHYPJVUK\YYLHK\U»HaPVULZ[PTVSHU[LJOLMHJVU[YHYYLSHJPZ[PMLSSLHL
attiva la peristalsi intestinale.
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OLIO DI OLIVA ED IPERTENSIONE
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WV[LUaPHSLMH[[VYLPWLY[LUZP]HU[LPUVS[YLZLTIYHTVKPÄJHYLPTWVY[HU[PTLJJHUPZTPKP[YHZWVY[VPVUPJV[YHUZTLTIYHUH
intervenendo nella regolazione della pressione arteriosa.
OLIO DI OLIVA E COLESTEROLO
Il colesterolo viene trasportato dalle lipoproteine.
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\UHJVYYLSHaPVULJVUSLTHSH[[PLJHYKPV]HZJVSHYPTLU[YL/+3JVSLZ[LYVSVWYLZLU[H\ULMML[[VKPWYV[LaPVULYPZWL[[VHSSV
sviluppo della lesione ateromatosa.
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3+3LH\TLU[HYLPS[HZZVKPJVSLZ[LYVSV/+33LLZWLYPLUaLLZLN\P[LKH1HJVJV[ULS Z\TVUHJPILULKL[[PUPJOL
WLYZLPTLZPOHUUVJVUZ\TH[V\UHKPL[HYPJJHKPHJPKPWVSPUZH[\YPNKPLNPYHZVSLZVQHHYHJOPKPLWLYZLPTLZPN
KPLKPVSPVKPVSP]HOHUUVKPTVZ[YH[VJOL!
1) L’olio di oliva è in grado di mantenere lo stesso livello di colesterolo di una dieta ricca di polinsaturi.
2) L’olio di oliva aumenta il tasso di colesterolo trasportato dalle lipoproteine HDL.
3»HaPVULPWVJVSLZ[LYVSVTPaaHU[LKLSS»VSPVK»VSP]HuKHH[[YPI\PYLVS[YLHSS»HJPKVVSLPJVHUJOLHSSHMYHaPVULPUZHWVUPÄJHIPSL
WYLZLU[LZVSVULSS»VSPVL_[YH]LYNPULKPVSP]HLWYLJPZHTLU[LHSJPJSVHY[LUVSVJOLSPTP[HS»HZZVYIPTLU[VKLSJVSLZ[LYVSVLK
HSMLUPSL[HUVSVJOLMH]VYPZJLS»LZJYLaPVULKLPZHSPIPSPHYP
OLIO DI OLIVA E DIABETE
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PUÅ\LUaHUKVSHJVTWVZPaPVULKLSSLTLTIYHULIPVSVNPJOL0UTVKVWHY[PJVSHYLZLTIYHLZZLYLPUÅ\LUaH[HSHJVTWVZPaPVULKLSSL
TLTIYHULJLSS\SHYPLZ\IJLSS\SHYP3HTVKPÄJHaPVULKLSSLTLTIYHULW\~YLUKLYLPYLJL[[VYPJLSS\SHYPWPƒZLUZPIPSPHKL[LYTPUH[P
LMML[[PVYTVUHSPLX\PUKPHUJOLHSS»PUZ\SPUH
131
OLIO DI OLIVA E GRAVIDANZA
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VSP]H H[[YH]LYZHUV SH WSHJLU[H L MVYUPZJVUV PS Z\IZ[YH[V WLY P WYVJLZZP KP
TPLSPUPaaHaPVUL KLSSL ÄIYL ULY]VZL KP MVYTHaPVUL KLS [LZZ\[V ML[HSL L KLS
Z\YMHJ[HU[LWVSTVUHYL
Nella madre agevola la mineralizzazione delle strutture ossee e impedisce
la sottrazione dalle stesse strutture dei sali di calcio in conseguenza
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5LSWLYPVKVWVZ[UH[HSLMH]VYPZJLPSZ\IZ[YH[VLULYNL[PJVWLYS»H[[P]P[nJHYKPHJH
YLUHSLLJLYLIYHSLWYLZLU[H\UYHWWVY[VSPUVSLPJVSPUVSLUPJVZPTPSLHX\LSSV
del latte umano.
L’olio d’oliva inibisce lo sviluppo dei germi soprattutto anaerobi responsabili
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Stabilità al trattamento termico
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KLP[YPNSPJLYPKPJVUMVYTHaPVULKP!
NSPJLYPUH%HJYVSLPUH
HJPKPNYHZZP%PKYVWLYVZZPKP
3»VSPVK»VSP]HZJHSKH[VÄUVH‡*THU[PLULSLZ\LWYVWYPL[nÄZPVSVNPJOL
LU\[YPaPVUHSPNYHaPLHUJOLHSSHWYLZLUaHKPHU[PVZZPKHU[PUH[\YHSPVS[YL
Agnese De Pascalis
Facoltà di Farmacia
Dipartimento di Farmacognosia
Università degli Studi di Siena
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Adotta un Olivo Secolare del Salento
Associazione Culturale
AMICI DELL’OLIVO SECOLARE
DEL SALENTO
L’Associazione “Amici dell’Olivo Secolare del Salento” (A.O.S.S.) è sorta principalmente per tutelare l’immenso
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S»HTIPLU[LYPZWL[[HUKVSL[YHKPaPVUPLS»PKLU[P[nKLS[LYYP[VYPVLULSJVU[LTWVWLYWYVT\V]LYLZVZ[LULYLLKPMMVUKLYLSH
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KPKH[[PJP]HYP"KPWYVT\V]LYLTHUPMLZ[HaPVUPJVSSL[[P]LWLYMH]VYPYLSVZJHTIPVKPLZWLYPLUaLLSHYLJPWYVJHJVUVZJLUaH
[YHWYVK\[[VYPKPVSPVL_[YH]LYNPULK»VSP]H[LJUPJPL]PZP[H[VYPKLS:HSLU[V
([HSÄULLKPUHYTVUPHJVUX\HU[VKPZWVZ[VKHSSHSLNPZSHaPVULYLNPVUHSLPUTLYP[VHSSHTutela e valorizzazione
del paesaggio degli ulivi monumentali della Puglia3LNNLUKLSNP\NUVS»(ZZVJPHaPVULHNPZJLWLY[\[LSHYLL
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provinciale e regionale.
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ed eco-compatibile del territorio.
137
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di istituire borse di studio; di compiere tutte le operazioni
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relazione stabile con gli enti locali della provincia di Lecce per
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locali di olio d’oliva ed allo sviluppo di attività di incoming
turistico.
138
CERTIFICATO DI ADESIONE
L’ Associazione
“Amici dell’Olivo Secolare del Salento”
CERTIFICA l’adesione del Sig.
On. Prof.
Paolo DE CASTRO
in Qualità di Socio Onorario
L’ Associazione
“Amici dell’Olivo Secolare del Salento”
Il Presidente
Socio ONORARIO
Dott. Raffaele CAZZETTA
On. Prof. Paolo DE CASTRO
CERTIFICATO DI ADOZIONE
L’ Associazione Amici dell’Olivo Secolare del Salento
AFFIDA
in adozione a
On. Prof.
Paolo DE CASTRO
“O R F E O ”
ulivo secolare di circa 700 anni, che vive imperioso,
nel Comune di Palmariggi - Terra d’Otranto
Ubicazione GPS: 40°07’56.72651” N 18°21’34.30829” E
Associazione Amici
dell’Ulivo Secolare
Il Presidente
Garantisce la rintracciabilità
Il Tecnico Dott. Agr.
140
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cura dall’Ordine dei Dottori Agronomi della provincia di Lecce; un
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di adozione.
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blog personale del Socio Sostenitore dove potrà interagire con la
redazione dell’associazione e stabilire un contatto diretto con tutta
la struttura dei Soci Sostenitori allo scopo di sviluppare cordialità e
socialità.
Associazione
“Amici dell’Olivo
Secolare del Salento”
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www.amiciolivosecolare.it
141
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partecipa a organismi e società operanti nel settore.
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dell’Olivo Secolare del Salento”. Da sempre è
impegnato nella valorizzazione socio-economica
del territorio salentino.
142
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Nunzio Pacella: WW
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Angelo Puscio: WW
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143
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COMMISSIONE
AGRICOLTURA E SVILUPPO RURALE
DEL PARLAMENTO EUROPEO
REGIONE PUGLIA
ASSESSORATO
ALLE RISORSE
AGROALIMENTARI
PROVINCIA
DI LECCE
ORDINE DEI
DOTTORI AGRONOMI E
DOTTORI FORESTALI DELLA
PROVINCIA DI LECCE
e
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Agroalimentari
Ordine dei
Dottori Agronomi e
Dottori Forestali della
Provincia di Lecce
144