Environmental and Cultural Heritage Chemistry - IRT

Group of Environmental
and Cultural Heritage Chemistry
Dept. of Industrial Chemistry and Materials – UniBO
Prof. Luciano Morselli, Dr. Elena Bernardi
Alma HeritageScience
Integrated Research Team
Group of Environmental and Cultural Heritage Chemistry
Dept. of Industrial Chemistry and Materials – UniBO
Æ Environment and Energy
Æ Interaction Environment – Cultural Heritage
This group studies the interaction between Environment and Cultural Heritage in order to contribute to:
• the comprehension of the mechanisms of decay • the development of suitable protection strategies
Alma HeritageScience
Integrated Research Team
Group of Environmental and Cultural Heritage Chemistry
Dept. of Industrial Chemistry and Materials – UniBO
• Environmental Monitoring: monitoring of meteoclimatic parameters, sampling and analysis of particulate matter, wet & dry atmospheric depositions, atmospheric pollutants (indoor and outdoor), water, soil, ... Æ knowledge of the environment surrounding Cultural Heritage
• Natural or artificial ageing of different materials and protective products
Æ knowledge of the decay induced by different environmental conditions or pollutants Æ optimization of materials and protective treatments depending on the environmental conditions
• Chemometric analysis
Æ correlation between environmental and cultural heritage data
• Critical Loads calculation
Æ evaluation of the sensitivity of the ecosystems to acidification, eutrophication, metal depositions.
Alma HeritageScience
Integrated Research Team
Group of Environmental and Cultural Heritage Chemistry
Dept. of Industrial Chemistry and Materials – UniBO
Main Analytical Techniques:
• Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS)
• Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) Spectrometry • Ionic Chromatography (IC)
• High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
• Gas Chromatography‐Mass Spectrometry (GC‐MS)
Accelerated artificial ageing:
• Alternated immersions
• Rainfall simulation
Alternated immersions system
Alma HeritageScience
Some Case Studies
Integrated Research Team
Analysis of damage layers in modern concrete buildings
In collaboration with:
• CNR Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (CNR‐ISAC)
A1
Si
Al
Cd
B3
Ti
Mg
PC2 (19%)
Centennial Hall, Wroclaw,
Poland
B2
Corrosion of outdoor bronzes
In collaboration with:
• Dept. Metal Science, Electrochemistry and Chemical Techniques, UniBO
• Dept. Physical & Inorganic Chemistry, UniBO
• Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UMR 5608 TRACES (F)
Mn
K
A2
A3
Bi Ni
Cr
A4
B1
Zn
Sn
A5
NaFe
Cu P C5
VCo
Ba
C4
C7
C3
Pb
A6
As
Ca
C2
A7
C1
S
C6
A8
PC1 (42%)
PCA plot Effects of bird dropping on copper and bronze
In collaboration with:
• School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich (UK)
Test on copper roof
Fallen Angel and pigeon, Madrid
Photo by Elena Bernardi
Artificially aged
bronze sample Natural exposure
of bronze samples Effects of NOx on the Lecce stone and evaluation of the efficiency of different protective products In collaboration with:
• CNR Institute for the Conservation and Enhancement of Cultural Heritage (CNR‐ICVBC)
Lecce stone sample
Lecce stone sample treated with Paraloid B72 Alma HeritageScience
Integrated Research Team
Main publications in CH field
• L. Morselli, B. Brusori, F. Passarini, E. Bernardi, R. Francaviglia, L. Gataleta, M. Marchionni, R. Aromolo, A. Benedetti, P.Olivieri, Heavy Metals Monitoring at a Mediterranean Natural Ecosystem of Central Italy. Trends in Different Environmental Matrixes, Environment International, 30(2) (2004) 173‐181
• R. Francaviglia, L. Gataleta, M. Marchionni, A. Trinchera, R. Aromolo, A. Benedetti, L. Nisini, L. Morselli, B. Brusori, P. Olivieri, E. Bernardi, Soil quality and vulnerability in a Mediterranean natural ecosystem of Central Italy, Chemosphere, 55(3) (2004) 455‐466 • L. Morselli, E. Bernardi, C. Chiavari, G. Brunoro, Corrosion of 85‐5‐5‐5 bronze in natural and synthetic acid rain, Applied Physics A, 79 (2004) 363‐367
• L. Morselli, E. Bernardi, F. Passarini, E. Tesini, Critical Loads for Cd and Pb in the Province of Bologna , Annali di Chimica, 96(11‐12) (2006) 697‐705
• M. Camaiti, S. Bugani, E. Bernardi, L. Morselli, M. Matteini, Effects of atmospheric NOX on biocalcarenite coated with different conservation products, Applied Geochemistry, 22 (2007) 1248‐1254
• E. Bernardi, C. Chiavari, B. Lenza, C. Martini, L. Morselli, F. Ospitali, L. Robbiola, The atmospheric corrosion of quaternary bronzes: the leaching action of acid rain, Corrosion Science, 51 (2009) 159‐170
• E. Bernardi, D. J. Bowden, P. Brimblecombe, H. Kenneally, L. Morselli, The effect of uric acid on outdoor copper and bronze, Science of the Total Environment, 407(7) (2009) 2383‐2389
• I. Ozga, A. Bonazza, F. Tittarelli, E. Bernardi, O. Favoni, N. Ghedini, L. Morselli, C. Sabbioni, Environmental damage in XXth century architecture, Structural Studies, Repairs and Maintenance of Heritage Architecture XI, WIT Press, 2009, ISBN:978‐1‐84564‐196‐2, pp.581‐591
• C. Chiavari, E. Bernardi, C. Martini, F. Ospitali, F. Passarini, L. Robbiola, The atmospheric corrosion of quaternary bronzes: the action of stagnant rainwater, Corrosion Science, 52 (2010) 3002–3010
Alma HeritageScience
Integrated Research Team
Group of Environmental and Cultural Heritage Chemistry
Dept. of Industrial Chemistry and Materials – UniBO
Contacts:
Prof. Luciano Morselli
Elena Bernardi, PhD
+39 051 2093668
[email protected] +39 051 2093863
[email protected]