High Spirits 2: Towards CLIL

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0
Towards CLIL
Understanding music
Rhythm and beats
Rhythm is important for music. The rhythm of
music comes from the number of beats.
Religion
Music
2
Leggi il brano e osserva le note musicali.
Inventa delle frasi che ti aiutino a ricordare
i nomi delle note.
Writing music
NOTE
NAME
BEATS
«
semibreve
4
We write musical notes on two sets of lines (staves).
Ÿ
The treble clef sign
shows us the top stave.
<
minim
2
Notes
We write the notes on the lines or in the spaces.
q
crotchet
1
In English, we use the letters A–G for the names of
the notes. Other languages use ‘Do, Re, Mi, Fa, So,
La, Si’. ‘C’ in English = ‘Do’.
#
quaver
`
Learn the English names of the notes. Use the
sentences or words to help you!
ON THE LINES
rhythm ritmo / scansione
beat tempo (musicale)
Osserva le informazioni e scrivi il numero
corretto dei tempi sotto le note.
«
«
«
«
3
q
<
4
5
««
««
«
«
«
Face
BASS CLEF
Grizzly bears don’t
fear anything.
«
««
«
All cows eat grass.
We divide the notes into groups (bars). A barline
separates the bars. At the end of the music, there
is a double barline.
5
Ÿ5
n n
q
q
«
Glossary
note nota
stave pentagramma
22
Ÿ «
Every good boy
deserves football.
«
1
q
2
Ÿ ««
<
#
Q
IN THE SPACES
TREBLE CLEF
Glossary
1
The bass clef sign shows
us the bottom stave.
bar battuta (musicale)
barline stanghetta
3
0
1
Scrivi i nomi delle note. Che parola inglese sillabano?
« « «
« « «
Ÿ
1
BAG
«
«
«
«
Ÿ
«
2
«
«
«
3
Glossary
deserve meritar(si)
grizzly bear orso grigio / grizzly
(not to) fear anything
(non) temere nulla / (non) avere
paura di niente
cow mucca
grass erba
Presentazione orale
4 Project
Scegli una canzone del tuo cantante o gruppo preferito e
prepara una presentazione orale. Prendi degli appunti usando le seguenti
domande per aiutarti. Parla per circa 2 minuti. ES T
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
What is the song about?
What kind of rhythm does it have – fast or slow?
Which instruments can you hear?
How does the song start and finish – loud, soft, crescendo (where)?
Who is the singer? Is it a solo artist or a group, or a group with a lead singer?
Has the singer got a high or low voice?
What is your favourite part of the song and why?
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2
Towards CLIL
Art
HISTORY
OF ANIMATION
THE
In the 1880s, Eadweard Muybridge, a British
photographer, invented a machine called
a zoopraxiscope. He took photographs of
moving animals and people. Then he put the
photographs on discs and showed them on
a screen. As the discs turned, the animals and
people seemed to move. This was the earliest
form of animation.
In 1895, Auguste and Louis Lumière invented the
cinematograph in France. The cinematograph was
the world’s first film camera. Early film-makers
used the cinematograph to make stop-frame
animation. When film-makers use this technique,
they film an object, then they stop the camera.
They move the object and then they film it again.
Film-makers used stop-frame animation in the
first King Kong film in 1933 and in other early
fantasy movies. Some film-makers still use this
technique today.
In the 1920s, Walt Disney started to make
animated films. He used coloured drawings, not
photos, for his films. Every frame of film had a
Glossary
flashing scorrendo
seem sembrare
screen schermo
movies film
coloured a colori
drawing disegno
frame scena
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clear trasparente
background sfondo
empty nuovo
stick man
omino stecco
front inizio
back fine
different drawing. Artists drew the pictures by
hand. They transferred each drawing from the
paper onto a thin, clear piece of plastic. This was
called a cel. Artists painted a background for each
frame of the film. The film-makers put the cels on
the background and photographed them one at a
time. In 1928, the Disney studios made Steamboat
Willie in this way. It was the first cartoon with
sound. In 1938, they made Snow White and the
Seven Dwarfs – the first cartoon film.
In the 1960s, people began to use computers
for animation. In the 1990s, lots of studios used
computer-generated imagery (CGI) for special
effects. In 1993, Jurassic Park used amazing
computer-generated imagery (CGI) dinosaurs.
Toy Story, in 1995, was the first full-length CGI
cartoon.
Some film-makers still use traditional techniques
of stop-frame animation, but today CGI is the most
popular animation technique.
1
Leggi il brano e abbina le date alle fasi nella
storia dell’animazione.
1880s
1895
1920s
1928
1960s
1990s
the start of Disney animation
the first full-length CGI cartoon
the start of computer animation
experiments with photographs
the invention of the film camera
the first animated film with sound
2
Completa il riassunto con le parole del riquadro. ES
0
2
1990s film-makers computer-generated drawings photographed
invented move painted photographs popular stopped
Eadweard Muybridge made the zoopraxiscope. This machine projected a series of
photographs onto a screen. The photographs seemed to 1
.
the film camera. Early 3
used
The Lumière brothers 2
stop-frame animation to film objects. They filmed the objects, then they
4
the camera and moved the objects.
on clear pieces
Walt Disney used cels for his cartoons. He put coloured 5
6
of plastic. Then he put the drawings on a background and
them, one
at a time. Artists drew and 7
every different drawing by hand.
Lots of film-makers use 8
9
in the 10
3
imagery today. This became very
.
Segui le indicazioni per creare un semplice cartone animato.
1
2
Find an empty notebook. Draw a simple stick
man in the bottom right-hand corner of the
last page.
On the previous page, copy the stick man,
but this time move his arms or legs a little.
3
4
Do the same on every page, going towards
the front of the book. Each time, move his
arms or legs a little.
When each page is full, ‘flick’ the book from
back to front and watch your stick man move!
Presentazione orale
4 Project
Prepara una presentazione orale sul tuo cartone animato preferito.
Prendi degli appunti usando le seguenti domande per aiutarti. Parla per circa 2
minuti. ES T
s When did it first appear?
s Is it a TV programme or a full-length film?
s Which of the techniques in the text does it use?
s Is it a modern or traditional film?
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3
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Towards CLIL
Religion
Science
The heart
1
Leggi il brano e decidi se le frasi sono True (T)
o False (F). Correggi le frasi false.
2
Rispondi alle domande. ES
1 What is a heartbeat?
Your heart beats every two seconds.
F – Your heart beats every second
2 How many parts does the heart have?
1 The lungs are in front of the heart.
3 How many litres of blood do we have?
2 Arteries take blood to the heart.
3 The blood in the veins carries fresh oxygen.
4 The right pump in the heart sends blood to
the lungs.
4 How long does it take blood to travel around
your body?
5 Where do the veins take the blood?
6 Why do the veins do this?
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5 You need more oxygen in the body when you
do exercise.
7 When does your heartbeat get faster?
6 You can feel your pulse all over your body.
8 When does your heartbeat get slower?
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3
Your heart works hard!
How does the heart work?
Your heart is the most active part of your body.
It moves every second of your life. Each
movement is a heartbeat.
On the left side and the right side of the heart,
there are two pumps. When your heart beats,
the left pump pushes blood out into the arteries.
Arteries are tubes. They carry the blood away from
the heart. There is oxygen in this blood and it
goes to all the different parts of the body.
Where is the heart?
The heart is on the left side of your
body, behind the rib cage and the
lungs. We have only got one
heart, but the heart has four
different parts (two on each
side), and each part has a
different job.
The blood goes back to the heart
through the veins. Veins are also
tubes. They carry the blood to the
right pump of the heart, and then
it goes to the lungs. There, the
blood collects some fresh oxygen
and then it begins its journey all
over again.
What does the
heart do?
We have 4.5 litres of blood
inside our body. The heart sends
this blood all around the body. This
keeps us alive. The heart is a powerful
pump – in only one minute, the blood travels all
around the body, and back to the heart again.
The pump squeezes blood through the heart every
second. This regular squeezing is our heartbeat.
3
Completa il riassunto con le parole del
riquadro. ES
arteries lungs body fast heart
heartbeat blood oxygen pumps
slow veins
The heart has four parts: two on the right and
two on the left. It has two pumps, and these
push 1
out, every minute. Special
tubes, the 2
, carry blood from the
heart to all the other parts of the 3
.
There is fresh 4
in this blood. Then
the blood travels back to the 5
.
This time, it travels through smaller tubes, the
6
. It goes into the right part of the
heart. The right part sends the blood to the
7
to collect fresh oxygen. A normal
8
is between 70 and 120 beats
every minute. The heartbeat can change. It is
9
when you are resting, and it
10
is
when you do exercise.
Why does your
heartbeat change?
Your heartbeat can change from
70 beats a minute to 120 beats a minute.
When you are doing exercise, you need a lot
of oxygen quickly, so your heart works faster, and
your heartbeat is fast. When you are resting, you
don’t need much oxygen. Your heartbeat is slower.
When you take your pulse, you can see how fast
your heart is beating. You can feel your pulse just
inside your wrist, or on the side of your neck.
Glossary
heartbeat battito cardiaco
blood sangue
inside dentro a
pump pompa
squeeze comprimere
tube tubo
fresh fresco
pulse pulsazioni
Presentazione orale
4 Project
Fare sport e tenersi allenati fa bene
al cuore. Pensa agli esercizi che fai durante
la settimana e prepara una presentazione
orale. Prendi degli appunti usando le
seguenti domande per aiutarti. Parla per
circa 2 minuti. ES T
s How often do you walk or cycle to school?
(always, often, sometimes, never)
s How many sports lessons do you have a
week? How long are they?
s What sports do you play at school?
s What exercise do you do after school?
s What exercise do you do at the weekend?
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4
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Towards CLIL
Religion
History
The history of the USA
Early American History
1492
16th century
1607
1620
1763 – 1776
1773
1775 – 1783
1776
1789
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Christopher Columbus sails from Spain. He wants
to go to Asia, but he arrives in America. He thinks
he is in India, so he calls the native people Indians.
Columbus’s discovery brings the Spanish to America.
They convert the native people to Christianity and
change their way of life.
Explorers from England start the first English
colony in the USA. They call the area Virginia.
The name comes from their queen, Elizabeth I,
the Virgin Queen.
A group of English settlers sail from Plymouth to
America on a ship, the Mayflower. They arrive at
Cape Cod in Massachussetts. Many more settlers
from Britain and Holland come to live on the east
coast of America over the next few years.
The settlers in America want to have a separate
country. They don’t want to be an English colony any
more. The Americans are angry about the high taxes
that they have to pay for tea, paper and glass from
England. They cannot vote and they have no one to
represent them in the British parliament.
The Boston Tea Party. A group of angry Americans
get on three British ships, carrying tea from
England, in Boston harbour and throw the tea into
the sea.
The American War of Independence. American
soldiers fight British soldiers because they want to
be independent from Britain. America wins the war.
One of the American generals is George Washington.
The Declaration of Independence. Thirteen
American colonies in the east of the country become
independent from Britain.
George Washington becomes the first President of
the USA.
The Boston Tea Party
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In the 18th century, North America was a
British colony. This meant that Britain and
its king, George III, governed the country.
The American people could not vote so they
had no one to speak for them in the British
parliament, but they still had to obey British
laws. The Americans bought a lot of goods
from Britain, for example tea, glass and
paper, but they had to pay very high taxes
on them. The Americans felt that this was
not right. They wanted to be separate from
Britain, and they started to form their own
political groups.
The ‘Sons of Liberty’ was a secret political
group. In December 1773 they decided to do
something to show that they were unhappy.
A large group of them climbed onto three
British ships in Boston harbour. They dressed
up as Native Americans. The ships were
full of tea. Boston was an important port for
British goods.
2
Leggi il brano e abbina i nomi alle definizioni.
0
4
c
1
2
3
4
5
6
Columbus
Elizabeth I
the Mayflower
George III
the ‘Sons of Liberty’
George Washington
a
b
c
d
e
f
a political group
King of England
an explorer
Queen of England
the first president of the USA
the English settlers’ ship
Rispondi alle domande. Inizia ogni frase
con Because. ES
Why did Columbus call the natives of America
‘Indians’?
Because he thought he was in India.
1 Why did the first English settlers in America
call their new colony Virginia?
The ‘Sons of Liberty’ threw the tea into the
sea. They called it the Boston Tea Party. The
British were very angry and the next year
they closed the port of Boston completely.
2 Why did the Americans have to obey British
laws?
3 Why did a group of angry Americans throw
tea into the sea at the Boston Tea Party?
The Boston Tea Party showed that the
Americans were serious about their freedom.
Other rebellions happened in other parts of
America and in 1775 the American War of
Independence began.
4 Why did the British close the port of Boston?
5 Why did the War of Independence begin?
Presentazione orale
3 Project
Crea una linea temporale che
illustri gli avvenimenti più importanti della
storia italiana.
4
s
s
s
s
Glossary
sail salpare
native indigene
explorer esploratore
colony colonia
tax tassa
Scegli un evento significativo e prepara una
presentazione orale. Prendi degli appunti
usando le seguenti domande per aiutarti.
Parla per circa 2 minuti. ES T
When and where did it happen?
Who were the important people in the event?
Why did it happen?
What was the result of this event?
vote votare
obey obbedire
port porto
freedom libertà
rebellion rivolta
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5
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Towards CLIL
TWO WORLD
RELIGIONS
Hinduism
My name’s Meera. I’m a Hindu.
The Hindu religion comes from India.
Hindus believe in one god, who
takes many forms. The most popular
are Shiva and Krishna. Hindus pray
to different gods for different
reasons.
Hinduism has no teachers or prophets. The holy books
of Hinduism are called the Vedas. Hindu priests wrote
them in 200 *BCE to 100 *CE. In the holy books there
are prayers and teachings for everyday life.
Most Hindus worship every day at home, as a family.
Some families worship three times a day. We have a
shrine in our house. Shrines are special places where
we put pictures or statues of our gods. We also go to
a temple. We worship there on special days. When we
worship at the temple, priests read the Vedas to us.
There is a different temple for each god. At temples
and shrines, we leave water, fruit and flowers for
the gods.
Hindus believe in reincarnation. We believe that when
someone dies, their soul goes into the body of a new
person or animal.
Religion
Buddhism
My name’s Sunan. My family are
Buddhists. Buddhists follow the
teachings of a man called Siddhartha
Gautama. He lived in the 4th or 5th
century BCE. He originally came from
a very rich family. One day, he met a
poor, homeless man. He saw suffering
and poverty for the first time. He decided to leave his
home and travel around the country to learn about
suffering. He learned a lot from a ‘Buddha’, an Indian
wise man. After many years of learning and meditation,
Siddhartha became wise, too, and became the Buddha.
Buddhists do not believe that one god made the world.
They believe that suffering can teach us about life, and
that meditation can help us when we suffer. When we
meditate, we try to think about nothing. We hope to
understand and reflect on important things when we
do this.
The holy book of Buddhism is called the Tripitaka.
Buddhist monks wrote it after the Buddha died, in the
3rd century BCE. The Tripitaka is a collection of teachings
of the Buddha.
Most Buddhists usually worship at shrines in their homes,
in the morning and in the evening. They worship at a
temple on religious days (every month at full moon).
When we worship, we sit on the floor in front of a picture
or statue of the Buddha, because we want to be the
same as the Buddha – wise and holy. We pray and chant.
Buddhists believe in reincarnation: when we die, we are
born again in a different body. Reincarnation only stops
when we become wise. This wisdom and understanding
is ‘Nirvana’. In Nirvana, there is no more suffering.
Reading Hindu prayers
Glossary
prophet profeta
worship adorare
shrine santuario /
altarino domestico
soul anima
homeless senza tetto
wise saggio
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holy sacro / santo
monk monaco
full moon luna piena
wealth abbondanza
lantern lanterna
pure puro
Inside a Buddhist temple
Culture focus
Quando si devono collocare nel tempo religioni diverse dal
Cristianesimo, come forma di rispetto nei loro confronti, possiamo
servirci della sigla BCE (Before Common Era) e CE (Common Era) al
posto di BC (Before Christ) e AD (Anno Domini, la nascita di Cristo).
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5
A Hindu festival
A Buddhist festival
Diwali is the festival of the goddess Lakshmi. Lakshmi is
the Hindu goddess of wealth. Diwali means ‘the festival
of lights’. Hindus put hundreds of small lamps around
their houses and temples. They believe that Lakshmi
visits houses where there are lots of lights and brings
good luck for the new year. The date of Diwali changes
every year, but it is always in October or November.
It lasts about five days. At Diwali, people give presents
and sweets. There are often firework displays, too.
Wesak is the Buddha’s birthday. Buddhists celebrate it
on the full moon in May. At Wesak, Buddhists clean and
decorate their homes with lanterns, flags and flowers. In
some countries there are parties in the streets. At Wesak,
Buddhists give food and presents to poor people and they
go to the temple to worship. At the temple they give food,
candles and flowers to the monks. There is a ceremony
where people put water on a statue of the Buddha. This
teaches Buddhists that they must try to be pure.
1
Leggi i brani e completa la tabella.
Hinduism
Buddhism
Believe in one main god
Yes / No
6
Yes / No
Believe in reincarnation
1
7
Yes / No
Completa le frasi con Diwali o Wesak.
Wesak is a Buddhist festival.
is a Hindu festival.
celebrates a goddess.
celebrates a birthday.
, people clean their houses.
is always in May.
is always in the autumn.
, it’s traditional to put water
Rispondi alle domande. ES
1
2
3
4 At
5
6
7 At
on a statue.
8 At
fireworks.
1 Which country does the Hindu religion
come from?
Presentazione orale
Yes / No
8
Teacher / prophet
Place of worship
2
9
Holy book(s)
3
10
Important festival
4
11
Time of year of festival
5
12
2
3
2 What are shrines?
3 What do Hindus leave for the gods?
4 What does reincarnation mean?
5 What was the Buddha’s name?
6 What do Buddhists try to do when they
meditate?
, it’s traditional to have
4 Project
Scegli una di queste religioni:
Cristianesimo, Islamismo o Giudaismo e
prepara una presentazione orale. Prendi degli
appunti usando le seguenti domande per
aiutarti. Parla per circa 2 minuti. ES T
s What do people of this religion believe about
God and their prophet?
s Where do they worship and when?
s What is the name of their holy book?
s What and when are their major festivals?
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