MD - SIDeMaST

Transcript

MD - SIDeMaST

Textbook of
VOLUME 1
Textbook of
Editor
Alberto Giannetti, MD, PhD
Emeritus Professor of Dermatology
Former Professor and Chairman
Department of Dermatology
University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
Associate editor
Corrado Del Forno, MD
Former Senior Research Fellow and Assistant Professor
University of Pavia
VOLUME 1
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
No part of this work may be reproduced or used in any form
or by any means, graphic, electronic, or mechanical,
including but not limited to photocopying, recording, taping, Web distribution,
information networks or information storage or retrieval systems,
without the written permission of the publisher.
ISBN 978-88-299-2313-7
Printed in Italy
Copyright © 2013 by Piccin Nuova Libraria S.P.A., Padova
www.piccin.it
BRIEF CONTENTS  v
PREFACE
Italian dermatologists have provided a noticeable
contribution to the birth and development of modern
dermatology and venereology. Several dermatological
high level Italian textbooks were published during the
19th and 20th century. In the 1970s, Professor Ferdinando Serri had the idea of gathering into a vast Treatise
on Dermatology for specialists, residents and students
the whole of the scientific knowledge and clinical experience developed by the Italian dermatological
community. Following the model of the dermatological textbooks in English, he invited numerous Italian
dermatologists to contribute to the work, which represented a new experience for Italian dermatology; the
Treatise was finally published in 1986.
After 15 years, the substantial advance of the biological and clinical knowledge induced in 2001 Alberto
Giannetti to propose a completely renewed edition of
the Treatise, with the cooperation of a new generation
of dermatologists and the contribution of some European and American colleagues. In 2007 Alberto Giannetti promoted an update of the previous edition.
After a long revision, in 2011 the Treatise was published in Spanish, with the contribution of eminent colleagues from Central and South America.
The increasing presence of Italian dermatologists in
scientific societies and international research groups,
the numerous publications of Italian clinicians and researchers on international journals and the growing
amount of articles in English written by colleagues
from other countries on the “Giornale Italiano di Dermatologia e Venereologia”, the main Italian dermatological journal which is currently published in English, led
to consider an English edition of the Treatise on Dermatology and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, with a more
significant contribution of dermatologists from other
countries.
The rapid progress of the knowledge in biology and
clinical dermatology, together with the development of
the new technologies, promoted a physiological turnover, even generational, of Authors and Coauthors, with
substantial revision of most chapters of the Treatise.
The textbook includes 140 chapters; the first 29
chapters are dedicated to the fundamentals of cuta-
neous biology e physiology, principles of genetics, carcinogenesis, molecular medicine, which are of interest
even to researchers of other disciplines, to semeiology,
histopathology, dermatological epidemiology and to
dermatological diagnostic techniques; dermatological
diseases and sexually transmitted diseases are treated
from chapter 30 to chapter 133, while medical and surgical treatment, phototherapy, laser therapy and radiotherapy are discussed from chapter 134 to chapter
139.
More than 1760 clinical and histological images constitute an essential integration to the description of the
clinical manifestations and histopathological findings
of the nosological entities, but also to the treatment of
basic sciences and diagnostic procedures.
The bibliography, as updated as possible, has been
selected by the Authors.
Sincere thanks go to all the Authors and Coauthors
of the chapters of the Textbook for their dedication and
helpfulness. Gratitude goes to the contributors of the
previous Italian editions of the Treatise, whose work has
often been the base for the writing of the chapters.
Thanks go to Professor Bernard Keeling for the linguistic revision of some chapters, to Dr. Sara Bassoli, PhD in
Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dr. Alessandra Pagnoni, Consultant Dermatologist, and Dr. Marco Curci,
Consultant Dermatologist, for the critical and linguistic
revision of numerous chapters of the textbook, and to
residents in Dermatology of the Specialty School of the
University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, particulary to
Dr. Samer Al Jalbout, Chiara Ferrari and Stefania Borsari
for the critical reading of some chapters and drafts.
Special thanks go to the International Society of
Dermatology for the decision to promote the distribution of the Textbook to the dermatological institutions
of some countries and to Galderma International for
financially supporting such a decision.
Finally, thanks go to the production team of Piccin,
particularly to Dr. Carla Criconia for the preparation of
the volumes, the edition and reading of draft chapters.
ALBERTO GIANNETTI, EDITOR
CORRADO DEL FORNO, ASSOCIATE EDITOR
BRIEF CONTENTS  vii
CONTRIBUTORS
Abatangelo Giovanni, MD, PhD
Angelini Giovanni, MD, PhD
Full Professor of Histology
University of Padua
Former Professor of Dermatology
University of Bari
Abatangelo Silvio, MD
Consultant Plastic Surgery
Department of Plastic Surgery
Hospital of Magenta
Abeni Domenico, MD
Senior Epidemiologist
Health Service Research Unit
Istituto Dermopatico dell’Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Rome
Al Jabout Samer, MD
Resident, Department of Dermatology
Alaibac Mauro, MD, PhD
Associate Professor
University of Padua
Alcini Terzoni Piera Angela, PharmD
Former Pharmacist
Department of Pharmacy
San Matteo Hospital, Pavia
Alessi Elvio, MD, PhD
University of Milan-1
Annessi Giorgio, MD, PhD
Consultant Dermatologist, Consultant Dermatopathologist
Department of Dermatology, Section of Dermatopathology
Ardigò Marco, MD
Consultant Dermatologist
Division of Clinical Dermatology
San Gallicano Institute, IRCCS, Rome
Aricò Mario, MD, PhD
University of Palermo
Balestri Riccardo, MD
Fellow, Department of Dermatology
University of Bologna
Bassi Roberto, MD, PhD
Former Head, Dermatologic Service
Hospital of Venice
Bassissi Stefania, MD, PhD
University of Brescia
Bassoli Sara, MD, PhD
Amerio Paolo, MD, PhD
Associate Professor of Dermatology
University of Chieti
Amerio PierLuigi, MD, PhD
Università Cattolica, Rome
Bellinvia Monica, MD, PhD
University of Milan
Benati Elisa, MD
Andreassi Lucio, MD, PhD
Former Full Professor of Dermatology
University of Siena
Berardesca Enzo, MD
Head, Division of Dermatology
viii  CONTRIBUTORS
Bernengo Maria Grazia, MD, PhD
Borsari Stefania, MD
Professor and Chairman of Dermatology
University of Turin
Brambilla Lucia, MD
Berti Emilio Francesco, MD, PhD
Professor of Dermatology
Director of the Oncologic and Immunopathologic Unit
University of Milan-Bicocca
Unit of Kaposi Sarcoma
University of Milan
Brazzelli Valeria, MD
Bettoli Vincenzo, MD
University of Ferrara
Bicciato Silvio, D Eng
Associate Professor
Department of Industrial Bioengeneering
Bigi Laura, MD
Specialist of Dermatology
Division of Dermatology
Hospital of Lecco
Biolcati Gianfranco, MD
Director, Porphyria Centre
Bonamonte Domenico, MD
Assistant Professor of Dermatology
University of Bari
Cosultant Dermatologist
University of Pavia
Brena Michela, MD
University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS
Ca’ Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan
Brusasco Alberto, MD
University of Milan
Cainelli Tullio, MD, PhD
Former Head and Chairman
Hospital of Bergamo
Calvieri Stefano, MD, PhD
University of Rome
Calzavara-Pinton Piergiacomo, MD, PhD
Associate Professor and Chairman
Bongiorno Maria Rita, MD, PhD
Professor and Chairman
University of Palermo
Cameli Norma, MD, PhD
Bonifazi Ernesto, MD, PhD
Former Associate Professor of Dermatology
University of Bari
Borghi Alessandro, MD
University Research
Campanati Anna, MD
Assistant Professor
University of Ancona
Cannavò Serafinella Patrizia, MD, PhD
University of Messina
Borroni Giovanni, MD, PhD
Caputo Ruggero†, MD, PhD
University of Pavia
University of Milan
Borroni Riccardo, MD, PhD
Post-doctoral Fellow
Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory
University of Rome “G. Marconi”
Carcaterra Antonio, MD
Fellow of Dermatologic Division
Hospital of Lecco
CONTRIBUTORS  ix
Carducci Massimo, MD
Chimenti Sergio, MD, PhD
Assistant Professor
Unit of Scleroderma
University of Rome Tor Vergata
Carrera Manuela, MD
Clapasson Andrea, BS
Senior Research Fellow
Cassano Nicoletta, MD
Specialist in Dermatology and Venereology, Bari
Castiglia Daniele, PhD
Deputy Head
Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology
Fellow, Section of Social Dermatology
Italian Referral Center for Hansen’s Disease
University Hospital San Martino, Genoa
Comacchi Claudio, MD
Dermatologist, Florence
Corazza Monica, MD
Assistant Professor
Castori Marco, MD
Cota Carlo, MD
Deputy Head
Laboratory of Medical Genetics
San Camillo Hospital, Rome
Consultant Dermatologist and Pathologist
Dermatopathology Unit, Department of Dermatology
Cautela Jennifer, MD
Cottoni Francesca, MD, PhD
Dept of Surgical, Microsurgical and Medical Sciences
Dermatology Unit, Univeristy of Sassari
Cavalieri Rino†, MD, PhD
Former Head of Clinical Division of Dermatology
Cavani Andrea, MD, PhD
Head of the Laboratory of Experimental Immunology
Cozzi Alessandra, MD
Resident, University of Verona
Cristaudo Antonio, MD
Head of of Dermatoallergology
Department of Dermatoallergology
Cerimele Decio, MD, PhD
Former Professor and Chairman of Dermatology
University of Sassari
Crosti Carlo, MD, PhD
Cerri Amilcare, MD
Crovato Franco, MD, PhD
University of San Paolo, Milan
Former Head
Service of Dermatology
Hospital of Chiavari
Cetta Giuseppe, D Chem, PhD
Emeritus Professor of Biochemistry
Former Professor of Biochemistry
Department of Biochemistry
University of Pavia
Chieregato Carlo, MD
University of Milano
Curci Marco, MD
Dermatologic Service
Hospital of Sassuolo
Cusini Marco, MD
University of Verona
Head of Sexually Transmitted Infections Centre
Chieregato GianCarlo, MD, PhD
D’Alessio Marina, PhD
Deputy-Head
Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology
x  CONTRIBUTORS
D’Angelo Salvatore, MD
Fabiano Antonella, MD
Consultant Rheumatologist
Rheumatologic Service
General Hospital Potenza
Fanti Pier Alessandro, MD
d’Ischia Marco, D Chem
Professor of Organic Chemistry
University Federico II, Naples
Fantini Fabrizio, MD
Dermatologist, Milan
Head of Division of Dermatology
Hospital of Lecco
Dallapiccola Bruno, MD, PhD
Fargnoli Maria Concetta, MD
Professor of Medical Genetics, Scientific Director
Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome
University of L’Aquila
De Panfilis Giuseppe, MD, PhD
Farnetani Francesca, MD
Dal Pozzo Vera, MD
University of Parma
Del Forno Corrado, MD
Former Senior Research Fellow and Assistant Professor
University of Pavia
Dell’Anna Maria Lucia, BS
Research Fellow
Laboratory of Cutaneous Pathology
Di Carlo Aldo, MD
Scientific Director
Di Nardo Anna, MD, PhD
Associate Professor
Dept of Medicine-Dermatology Research
University of California, San Diego
Di Silverio Adriano, MD
Former Consultant Dermatologist
University of Pavia
Didona Biagio, MD
Head Section of Clinical Dermatology
El Hachem Maya, MD
Ferrari Chiara, MD
Ferrari Sergio, MD, PhD
Full Professor of Applied Biology
Department of Biologic Science
Fiallo Paolo, MD
Section of Social Dermatology
Italian Referral Center for Hansen’s Disease
University Hospital San Martino, Genoa
Fimiani Michele, MD, PhD
University of Siena
Fiorentini Chiara, MD, PhD
Foti Caterina, MD
University of Bari
Galdo Giovanna, MD
Head of Division of Pediatric Dermatology
Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS
Ena Pasquale, MD
Gatti Stefano†, MD, PhD
University Tor Vergata, Rome
Gelmetti Carlo, MD, PhD
Fabbri Paolo, MD, PhD
University of Florence
Full Professor of Dermatology and Venereology
Head of Pediatric Dermatology Unit
University of Milan
CONTRIBUTORS  xi
Germanò Giuseppe, MD
Jorizzo Joseph L., MD
Rheumatologic Service
Hospital of Reggio Emilia
Professor, and Former and Founding Chair
Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest University
Dermatology at the Weill Cornell School of Medicine, USA
Gerna Giuseppe, MD, PhD
Landi Giorgio, MD
Former Head of Clinical Virology Service
Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia
Former Head of Division of Dermatology
Hospital of Cesena
Ghersetich Ilaria, MD
Lasagni Claudia, MD
Specialist in Dermatology and Venereology, Florence
Giannetti Alberto, MD, PhD
Giannetti Andrea M., MD
Specialist in Dentistry, Milan
Giannetti Luca, DMD, PhD
Associate Professor
Department of Dentistry
Giannotti Benvenuto, MD, PhD
Leccese Pietro, MD
Rheumatologic Service Hospital of Potenza
Leigheb Giorgio, MD, PhD
University of Novara
Lembo Giuseppe, MD
Head, Division of Dermatology
S. Anna Hospital, Como
Professor Emeritus of Dermatology
Lembo Serena, MD, PhD
Girolomoni Giampiero, MD, PhD
Professor and Chairman of Dermatology and Venereology
Lesnoni La Parola Ilaria, MD
University La Cattolica, Rome
Gisondi Paolo, MD
Assistant Professor
Linder Dennis, MD, PhD, MSc
Giustini Sandra, MD
Lecturer, University of Padua
Medical School Dermatology Clinic
Lecturer, Medical University of Graz
University Clinic of Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy
University La Sapienza, Rome
Lisi Paolo, MD, PhD
Guardoli Davide V., MD
University of Perugia
Longo Caterina, MD
Guarneri Biagio, MD, PhD
University of Messina
Lotti Torello, MD, PhD
Guarneri Fabrizio, MD, PhD
Full Professor of Dermatology and Venereology
University of Rome “G. Marconi”
Lougaris Vassilios, MD
Hercogova Jana, MD, PhD
Professor and Chairman of Dermatology and Venereology
Department of Dermatovenereology, 2nd Medical Faculty
Charles University Prague and Bulovka Hospital, Prague
Assistant Professor
Pediatric Clinic
Division of Immunology and Rheumatology
xii  CONTRIBUTORS
Magnoni Cristina, MD, PhD
Montesu Maria Antonietta, MD
Senior Research Fellow
Mantoux Frederic, MD
Motolese Alberico, MD
University of Nice
Macchi Hospital, Varese
Marchesi Lorenzo, MD
Naldi Luigi, MD
Former Head Division of Dermatology
Hospital of Bergamo
Director Centro Studi GISED
Matteo Rota Hospital, Bergamo
Mariotti Maria Bernadette, MD
Napolitano Alessandra, D Chem
Borgosesia (Vercelli)
Professor of Organic Chemistry
Mastrolonardo Mario, MD
Nasca Maria Rita, MD
Assistant Professor
University of Foggia
University of Catania
Neri Irina, MD
Mastrolorenzo Antonio, MD
Assistant Professor
STI Unit Department of Critical Care Medicine and Surgery
Section of Clinical, Immunologic and Infectious Dermatology
Melandri Davide, MD
Head of Burn Centre and Regional Skin Bank
Department of Emergency
Bufalini Hospital, Cesena
Head of Pediatric Dermatology and Rare Diseases
Nunzi Enrico, MD, PhD
Professor of Dermatology
Director of Unit of Dermatology
Unit of Dermatology Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja,
Loja Ecuador
Offidani Annamaria, MD
University of Milan
University of Ancona
Micali Giuseppe, MD, PhD
Olivieri Ignazio, MD
Head, Rheumatologic Service
Hospital of Potenza
Menicanti Claudia, MD
Ortonne Jean Paul, MD, PhD
Miglietta Stefania, MD, PhD
Dermatologist, Modena
Milano Antonella, MD
Specialist in Dermatology, Bari
Mingarelli Rita, MD
Fellow, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome
Misuraca Giovanna†, D Chem
University of Nice
Paradisi Mauro, MD
Former Head of Department
Pediatric Dermatologist Department of Pediatric Dermatology
Parodi Aurora, MD, PhD
Associate Professor of Biochemistry
University of Genoa
Monfrecola Giuseppe, MD, PhD
Passerini Beatrice, MD
Consultant Dermatologyst
CONTRIBUTORS  xiii
Passi Alberto, MD, PhD
Pimpinelli Nicola, MD, PhD
Professor of Biochemistry
Department of Surgery and Morphology Sciences
Section of Biochemistry
Insubria University, Varese
Pincelli Carlo, MD, PhD
Pastore Saveria, ScD (Pharmaceutical Chemistry)
Research Fellow
Pipitone Nicolò, MD
Patrizi Annalisa, MD, PhD
Pelfini Carlo, MD
Former Head
S. Anna Hospital, Como
Pellacani Giovanni, MD, PhD
Pepe Patrizia MD, PhD
Peris Ketty, MD, PhD
University of L’Aquila
Peserico Andrea, MD, PhD
University of Padua
Pezzani Lidia, MD
Fellow, Division of Rheumatology
Pippione Mario, MD, PhD
University of Turin
Piraccini Bianca Maria, MD, PhD
Department of Pediatrics
Ponti Giovanni, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Pathology
Pontieri Giuseppe Mario, MD, PhD
Former Professor of Pathology
Department of Biologic Science
Posteraro Patrizia, PhD
Research Fellow, Laboratory of Clinical Pathology
San Carlo di Nancy Hospital, Rome
Proietto Gianluca, MD
Assistant Professor
Fellow, Post-Graduate School of Medical Genetics
University of Milan
Prota Giuseppe†, D Chem, PhD
Pianigiani Elisa, MD
Pupelli Gaia, MD
Assistant Professor
University of Siena
Piaserico Stefano, MD
University of Padua
Former Professor of Chemistry
Quaglino Daniela, MD, PhD
Associate Professor of Pathology
Quaglino Pietro, MD
Picardo Mauro, MD
Head of Laboratory of Proteomics and Metabolomics
Assistant Professor
University of Turin
Pigatto Paolo, MD, PhD
Rabbiosi Giacomo, MD, PhD
University of Milan
University of Pavia
xiv  CONTRIBUTORS
Ramoni Stefano, MD
Rusciani Luigi, MD
Università Cattolica, Rome
Rantuccio Franco, MD, PhD
University of Bari
Rebora Alfredo, MD, PhD
University of Genoa
Reggiani Camilla, MD
Restano Cassulini Lucia, MD
Assistant Professor
University of Milan
Romano Clara, MD
Sachs Dana L., MD
Associate Professor
University of Michigan Hospital and Health Systems
Ann Arbor, Michigan
Salvarani Carlo, MD
Head Rheumatologic Service
Sampogna Francesca, MD
Epidemiologist Health Service Research Unit
Istituto Dermopatico Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Rome
Santucci Marco, MD, PhD
Professor and Chairman, Director Pathologic Anatomy Unit
Section Anatomic Pathology, Department of Critical Care
Medicine and Surgery
University of Florence Medical School
Assistant Professor
Head of Mycology Unit of Dermatology Section
University of Siena
Sapuppo Antonio, MD, PhD
Rona Claudia, MD
Satta Rosanna, MD
Dermatologist, Pavia
Roncaglia Enrica, MD
Fellow, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
Rongioletti Franco, MD, PhD
University of Genoa
Rosina Paolo MD
Rossi Alfredo, MD
Research Dermatologist
Sbano Paolo, MD
Dermatologist, Siena
Scarabello Alessandra, MD, PhD
Unit of Clinical Dermatology
S. Gallicano Institute, IRCCS, Rome
Seidenari Stefania, MD, PhD
Serri Ferdinando†, MD, PhD
Rubegni Pietro, MD, PhD
Founder of Trattato di Dermatologia
Associate Professor
University of Siena
Starace Michela, MD
Research Associate
Ruocco Eleonora, MD
Research Associate
University of Naples
Stefanato Catherine M., MD
FCR Path Consultant Dermatopathologist
St John’s Institute of Dermatology, London
Ruocco Vincenzo, MD, PhD
University of Naples
Stefanini Miria, PhD
Former Director
Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of CNR, Pavia
CONTRIBUTORS  xv
Stinco Giuseppe, MD
Vassallo Camilla, MD, PhD
Assistant Professor
University of Udine
University of Pavia
Tadini Gianluca, MD
Vena Gino Antonio, MD, PhD
Coordinator, Center for Inherited Cutaneous Diseases
Department of Dermatology and Pediatrics 1
University of Milan
University of Bari
Tagliafico Enrico, MD, PhD
Venturini Marina, MD
Associate Professor of Molecular Biology
Specialist of Dermatology
Tocco Ilaria, MD
Fellow, Plastic Surgery
University of Padua
Tomasini Carlo, MD
Consultant Dermatologist and Dermatopathology
University of Turin
Tomasini Dario, MD
Head of Dermatological Section
Department of Internal Medicine
Hospital of Busto Arsizio, Varese
Veraldi Stefano, MD, PhD
Associate Professor
University of Milan
Villa Antonello, PhD
Director of Consorzio M.I.A.
(Microscopy and Image Analysis Consortium)
University of Milan-Bicocca
Vindigni Vincenzo, MD
Fellow, Plastic Surgery
University of Padua
Tosti Antonella, MD, PhD
Professor of Clinical Dermatology
University of Miami, USA
Trevisan Giusto, MD, PhD
Associate Professor
University of Trieste
Tulli Antonello, MD, PhD
Former Full Professor of Dermatology
Valenzano Luigi, MD
Virgili Annarosa, MD, PhD
Professor of Dermatology, Chairman
Voorhees John J., MD, FRCP
Duncan and Ella Poth Distinguished Professor and Chair
University of Michigan Hospital and Health Systems
Ann Arbor, Michigan
Zambruno Giovanna, MD
Director Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology
Dermatologist, Rome
Zuccati Giuliano, MD, PhD
Varotti Claudio, MD, PhD
Associate Professor
Head of Sexually Transmitted Infections Unit
CONTENTS
 VOLUME 1
 Chapter 11
 Chapter 1
SKIN LIPIDS: THE SEBUM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
M. Picardo
EMBRYOLOGY OF THE SKIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
D. Cerimele, C.M. Stefanato, F. Serri
 Chapter 12
 Chapter 2
SKIN LIPIDS: CERAMIDES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
A. Di Nardo
HISTOLOGY OF THE SKIN
AND SKIN APPENDAGES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
E. Alessi, R. Caputo
 Chapter 3
KERATINOCYTES: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS . . . 61
G. Zambruno, M. D’Alessio
 Chapter 4
MELANOCYTES, MELANOGENESIS
AND SKIN PIGMENTATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
A. Napolitano, M. d’Ischia
 Chapter 5
SKIN INNERVATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
C. Pincelli, F. Fantini
 Chapter 6
SKIN IMMUNE SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
G. Girolomoni, S. Pastore, A. Cavani
 Chapter 7
MEDIATORS OF SKIN INFLAMMATION . . . . . . . . 137
S. Pastore, A. Cavani, G. Girolomoni
 Chapter 8
THE DERMAL-EPIDERMAL JUNCTION . . . . . . . . . 165
E. Berti, A. Brusasco, A. Villa, A. Cerri
 Chapter 13
SKIN MICROFLORA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
C. Del Forno
 Chapter 14
THE HAIR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
B.M. Piraccini, M. Starace, A. Tosti
 Chapter 15
THE NAILS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
 Chapter 16
SKIN BARRIER AND DRUGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
E. Berardesca, C. Rona
 Chapter 17
SKIN BIOPHYSICAL PARAMETERS . . . . . . . . . . . 261
S. Seidenari
 Chapter 18
CUTANEOUS SYMPTOMATOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . 267
G. Rabbiosi, M. Ardigò
 Chapter 19
PRINCIPLES OF DERMATOPATHOLOGY . . . . . . . . 283
G. Borroni, C. Vassallo, V. Brazzelli, R. Borroni
 Chapter 9
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
(COLLAGENS AND PROTEOGLYCANS). . . . . . . . . 175
A. Passi, G. Cetta
 Chapter 20
 Chapter 10
 Chapter 21
SKIN VASCULAR SYSTEM AND
THE METHODS OF ITS EVALUATION . . . . . . . . . . 199
E. Berardesca, A. Scarabello
ULTRASTRUCTURAL AND
IMMUNOPATHOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES. . . . . . . . 339
G. De Panfilis, A. Cerri
CYTODIAGNOSIS IN DERMATOLOGY . . . . . . . . . 311
V. Ruocco, E. Ruocco
xviii  CONTENTS
 Chapter 22
 Chapter 35
MOLECULAR MEDICINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349
S. Ferrari, E. Tagliafico, E. Roncaglia,
S. Bicciato, D. Quaglino
CUTANEOUS FUNGAL DISEASES . . . . . . . . . . . 547
A. Di Silverio, C. Romano
 Chapter 36
 Chapter 23
ALLERGOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS: PATCH TESTS . . . . 365
D. Bonamonte, C. Foti, G.A. Vena
SUPERFICIAL MYCOSES CAUSED BY YEASTS . . . . 599
C. Romano
 Chapter 37
 Chapter 24
DIAGNOSTIC SKIN TESTS FOR ALLERGY . . . . . . . 373
A. Cristaudo
 Chapter 25
GENETICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379
B. Dallapiccola, R. Mingarelli
 Chapter 26
CANCEROGENESIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401
G. Ponti, G.M. Pontieri
 Chapter 27
WOUND HEALING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419
G. Abatangelo, S. Abatangelo, V. Vindigni, I. Tocco
 Chapter 28
PSYCHE AND SKIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431
D. Linder, R. Bassi
 Chapter 29
EPIDEMIOLOGY IN DERMATOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . 443
L. Naldi
 Chapter 30
DEEP FUNGAL INFECTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 615
C. Romano, F. Rantuccio, M. Mastrolonardo
 Chapter 38
DERMATOSES CAUSED BY ARTHROPODS . . . . . . 663
G. Leigheb
 Chapter 39
PROTOZOAN DISEASES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 693
P. Amerio, P.L. Amerio, G. Proietto
 Chapter 40
CUTANEOUS VIRAL INFECTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . 717
D. Cerimele, G. Gerna
 Chapter 41
VIRAL EXANTHEMAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 733
A. Patrizi, R. Balestri, I. Neri
 Chapter 42
RICKETTSIOSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 747
G. Leigheb, J. Cautela
 Chapter 43
CUTANEOUS BACTERIAL DISEASES . . . . . . . . . . 453
C. Del Forno
TROPICAL DERMATOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 753
E. Nunzi, P. Fiallo, A. Clapasson
 Chapter 31
 Chapter 44
TUBERCULOSIS OF THE SKIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 483
D. Cerimele, P. Ena
AQUAGENIC DERMATOSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 783
D. Bonamonte, G. Angelini
 Chapter 32
 Chapter 45
NONTUBERCULOUS MYCOBACTERIAL
INFECTIONS OF THE SKIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505
P. Ena, D. Cerimele
SYPHILIS AND OTHER TREPONEMATOSES . . . . . . 799
M. Cusini, S. Ramoni, E. Alessi
 Chapter 46
 Chapter 33
LEPROSY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 515
E. Nunzi, P. Fiallo, A. Clapasson
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED VIRAL INFECTIONS . . . 855
G. Zuccati, A. Mastrolorenzo
 Chapter 47
 Chapter 34
LYME BORRELIOSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537
G. Trevisan, G. Stinco, J. Hercogova
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED BACTERIAL
AND PROTOZOAL INFECTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . 887
M.R. Bongiorno, M. Aricò
CONTENTS  xix
 Chapter 48
 Chapter 60
MUCOCUTANEOUS MANIFESTATIONS
IN HIV INFECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 915
M. Cusini, S. Ramoni, E. Alessi
 Chapter 49
DERMATOMYOSITIS-POLYMYOSITIS;
SJÖGREN’S SYNDROME; RELAPSING
POLYCHONDRITIS; ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID
ANTIBODY SYNDROME (APS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1151
A. Giannetti, S. Borsari, C. Ferrari, M. Curci
REITER’S DISEASE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 929
B. Guarneri, S.P. Cannavò, F. Guarneri
 Chapter 61
 VOLUME 2
SCLERODERMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1161
M. Carducci, F. Rongioletti
 Chapter 62
 Chapter 50
ALLERGIC CONTACT DERMATITIS . . . . . . . . . . . 933
D. Bonamonte, A. Cavani, G. Angelini
ADAMANTIADES-BEHÇET’S DISEASE . . . . . . . .1171
C. Salvarani, N. Pipitone, P. Leccese, I. Olivieri
IRRITANT CONTACT DERMATITIS . . . . . . . . . . . . 933
S. Seidenari
 Chapter 63
 Chapter 51
PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1179
G. Germanò, S. D’Angelo, C. Salvarani, I. Olivieri
ATOPIC ECZEMA OR ATOPIC DERMATITIS . . . . . . 967
A. Giannetti, A. Scarabello, S. Miglietta, S. Bassoli
 Chapter 52
URTICARIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 981
G.A. Vena, P. Pigatto, N. Cassano
 Chapter 53
CUTANEOUS ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS . . . . . 995
P. Lisi
 Chapter 54
PEMPHIGUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1023
V. Ruocco, E. Ruocco
 Chapter 55
PEMPHIGOID GROUP, EPIDERMOLYSIS
BULLOSA ACQUISITA, LINEAR IgA DERMATOSIS . .1049
P. Fabbri, A. Parodi
 Chapter 56
DERMATITIS HERPETIFORMIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1087
A. Giannetti, C. Fiorentini, S. Bassoli
 Chapter 57
PURPURA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1093
T.M. Lotti, C. Comacchi, I. Ghersetich
 Chapter 58
VASCULITIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1115
J.L. Jorizzo, S. Gatti, I. Ghersetich, T.M. Lotti
PSORIASIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1179
A. Giannetti, A. Cozzi, P. Gisondi, G.P. Girolomoni
 Chapter 64
SEBORRHEIC DERMATITIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1211
L. Valenzano, L. Naldi
 Chapter 65
PITYRIASIS ROSEA OF GIBERT . . . . . . . . . . . . .1223
A. Di Carlo
 Chapter 66
LICHEN PLANUS - LICHEN NITIDUS . . . . . . . . . .1225
F. Cottoni, M.A. Montesu
 Chapter 67
PITYRIASIS RUBRA PILARIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1245
M. Pippione, G. Annessi
 Chapter 68
PITYRIASIS LICHENOIDES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1253
M. Pippione, C. Tomasini
 Chapter 69
ERYTHRODERMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1263
G. Micali, M.R. Nasca, A. Sapuppo
 Chapter 70
PRURITUS AND PRURIGO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1277
J.L. Jorizzo, S. Gatti
 Chapter 71
 Chapter 59
LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1129
P. Fabbri, A. Parodi
ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME AND
TOXIC EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS . . . . . . . . . . . .1299
G. Annessi
xx  CONTENTS
 Chapter 72
 Chapter 85
SARCOIDOSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1321
M. Pippione, G. Annessi
 Chapter 73
PIGMENTARY GENODERMATOSES:
HYPERMELANOSES AND HYPOMELANOSES
OF GENETIC ORIGIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1529
J.P. Ortonne, F. Mantoux, M. Picardo
GRANULOMA FACIALE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1331
G. De Panfilis, F. Rongioletti
 Chapter 86
 Chapter 74
NECROBIOSIS LIPOIDICA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1335
GENETIC SKIN DISORDERS WITH PREDOMINANT
INVOLVEMENT OF THE CONNECTIVE TISSUE . . . .1577
M. Castori, B. Didona
 Chapter 87
 Chapter 75
GRANULOMA ANNULARE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1341
THE SKIN IN CONGENITAL IMMUNODEFICIENCY
DISORDERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1615
C. Lasagni, V. Lougaris
 Chapter 76
 Chapter 88
INHERITED EPIDERMOLYSIS BULLOSA . . . . . . . .1347
G. Zambruno, P. Posteraro, D. Castiglia
 Chapter 77
XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM . . . . . . . . . . . . .1375
M. Stefanini, R. Cavalieri
 Chapter 78
ICHTHYOSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1383
G. Tadini, A. Brusasco, M. Brena, L. Pezzani
MELANOCYTIC NEVI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1643
T. Cainelli, L. Marchesi, V. Dal Pozzo
DERMOSCOPY FOR THE DIAGNOSIS
OF PIGMENTED LESIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1643
S. Seidenari, G. Pellacani
REFLECTANCE CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY
FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF SKIN TUMORS . . . . . . . .1643
G. Pellacani, C. Longo
 Chapter 89
 Chapter 79
KERATINOPATHIC ICHTHYOSIS (KPI),
*HAILEY-HAILEY DISEASE,
DARIER’S DISEASE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1399
G. Tadini, *L. Restano Cassulini,
M. Brena, L. Pezzani
CUTANEOUS MELANOMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1691
M.G. Bernengo, P. Quaglino
 Chapter 90
EPIDERMAL NEVI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1721
D. Cerimele, R. Satta, G. Annessi
 Chapter 80
 Chapter 91
INHERITED PALMOPLANTAR KERATODERMAS . . .1419
G. Tadini, M. Brena, L. Pezzani
CARCINOMA IN SITU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1733
 Chapter 81
 Chapter 92
INHERITED HAIR ABNORMALITIES - I . . . . . . . . .1433
S. Calvieri, A. Rossi
SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA. . . . . . . . . . . . .1741
 Chapter 82
 Chapter 93
INHERITED HAIR ABNORMALITIES - II
OTHER GENODERMATOSES: MISCELLANEOUS . . .1449
B.M. Piraccini, M. Starace
BASAL CELL CARCINOMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1755
C. Crosti, G. Annessi
 Chapter 94
NEUROCUTANEOUS SYNDROMES - I . . . . . . . . .1487
S. Calvieri, S. Giustini
MAMMARY AND EXTRAMAMMARY
PAGET’S DISEASE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1767
 Chapter 84
 Chapter 95
NEUROCUTANEOUS SYNDROMES - II . . . . . . . . .1513
R. Cavalieri, S. Bassissi
TUMORS OF SKIN APPENDAGES . . . . . . . . . . . .1771
M. Pippione, C. Tomasini
 Chapter 83
CONTENTS  xxi
 Chapter 96
 Chapter 109
SOFT TISSUE TUMORS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1801
C. Varotti, B. Passerini, P. Fanti,
A. Rebora, F. Rongioletti
AMYLOIDOSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2017
F. Rongioletti
 Chapter 110
 Chapter 97
MASTOCYTOSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1819
C. Cota
 Chapter 98
VASCULAR ANOMALIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1831
C. Gelmetti, C. Menicanti
 Chapter 99
KAPOSI’S SARCOMA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1851
L. Brambilla, M. Bellinvia
 Chapter 100
PORPHYRIAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2021
G. Biolcati
 Chapter 111
CUTANEOUS MUCINOSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2045
F. Rongioletti, A. Rebora
 Chapter 112
DISEASES OF THE SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE . . . . .2057
C. Lasagni, C. Reggiani, C. Del Forno
 Chapter 113
CUTANEOUS B CELL LYMPHOMAS . . . . . . . . . . .1865
N. Pimpinelli, M. Santucci, B. Giannotti
MACULAR ANETODERMAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2083
A. Giannetti, A. Fabiano
 Chapter 101
 Chapter 114
CUTANEOUS T CELL LYMPHOMAS . . . . . . . . . . .1877
D. Tomasini, E. Berti
HAIR DISEASES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2085
 Chapter 102
 Chapter 115
SÉZARY SYNDROME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1915
M.G. Bernengo, P. Quaglino
NAIL DISEASES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2111
 Chapter 103
 Chapter 116
HISTIOCYTOSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1933
E. Bonifazi, A. Milano
BIOLOGY AND INFLAMMATORY
DISEASES OF SWEAT GLANDS . . . . . . . . . . . . .2131
A. Giannetti, M.B. Mariotti, G. Galdo
 VOLUME 3
 Chapter 117
 Chapter 104
ROSACEA – PERIORAL DERMATITIS . . . . . . . . . .2141
C. Crosti, S. Veraldi
BURNS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1947
D. Melandri, G. Landi
 Chapter 105
CUTANEOUS REACTIONS TO COLD . . . . . . . . . .1965
D.V. Guardoli, C. Pelfini, E. Benati
 Chapter 106
PHOTODERMATOSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1975
G. Monfrecola, S. Lembo
 Chapter 107
 Chapter 118
ACNE VULGARIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2149
V. Bettoli
 Chapter 119
POROKERATOSIS – ACROKERATOSIS
VERRUCIFORMIS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2189
A. Giannetti, C. Ferrari
 Chapter 120
SKIN AGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1995
D.L. Sachs, J.J. Voorhees
DOWLING-DEGOS DISEASE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2197
A. Rebora, F. Crovato
 Chapter 108
 Chapter 121
RADIATION DERMATITIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2011
F. Farnetani
PERFORATING DERMATOSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2201
A. Giannetti, G. Pupelli
xxii  CONTENTS
 Chapter 122
 Chapter 132
VITILIGO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2207
M. Picardo, M.L. Dell’Anna
DISEASES OF THE ORAL MUCOSA . . . . . . . . . . .2345
L. Giannetti, M. Curci, A.M. Giannetti
 Chapter 123
 Chapter 133
HYPERMELANOSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2221
M. Picardo, N. Cameli, M. Carrera
NEONATAL DERMATOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2369
M. Paradisi, M. El Hachem
 Chapter 124
 Chapter 134
SKIN MANIFESTATIONS
IN PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISORDERS. . . . . . . .2233
A. Motolese
 Chapter 125
SKIN MANIFESTATIONS
OF HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2257
K. Peris, M.C. Fargnoli, S. Chimenti
 Chapter 126
SKIN MANIFESTATIONS
OF GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES . . . . . . . . . .2265
A. Borghi, M. Corazza, A. Virgili
 Chapter 127
SKIN MANIFESTATIONS IN ENDOCRINE DISEASES . .2279
A. Peserico, S. Piaserico, M. Alaibac
TOPICAL THERAPY – TOPICAL DRUGS –
DERMATOLOGIC FORMULARY* . . . . . . . . . . . .2389
C. Del Forno, G. Rabbiosi, A. Carcaterra,
P.A. Alcini Terzoni*
 Chapter 135
SYSTEMIC PHARMACOTHERAPY . . . . . . . . . . . .2425
C. Lasagni, G. Lembo, S. Al Jalbout, C. Del Forno
 Chapter 136
DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2457
F. Fantini, L. Rusciani, I. Lesnoni La Parola,
A. Tulli, C. Magnoni
ELECTROCHEMOTHERAPY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2457
L. Bigi, F. Fantini
 Chapter 137
SKIN MANIFESTATIONS IN RENAL DISEASES . . . . .2293
P. Rosina, G. Chieregato, C. Chieregato
PHOTOTHERAPY AND
PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2481
P. Calzavara-Pinton, M. Venturini
 Chapter 129
 Chapter 138
SKIN MANIFESTATIONS
IN RHEUMATOLOGIC DISEASES . . . . . . . . . . . . .2309
B. Guarneri, S.P. Cannavò, F. Guarneri
LASER THERAPY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2499
M. Fimiani, P. Sbano, P. Rubegni
 Chapter 128
 Chapter 139
 Chapter 130
SKIN MANIFESTATIONS IN CARDIOVASCULAR
AND RESPIRATORY DISEASES . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2319
P. Pepe
 Chapter 131
MUCOCUTANEOUS PARANEOPLASTIC
SYNDROMES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2327
A. Campanati, A. Offidani
RADIOTHERAPY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2525
P. Rubegni, L. Andreassi, E. Pianigiani, M. Fimiani
 Chapter 140
QUALITY OF LIFE
OUTCOMES IN DERMATOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . .2537
D. Abeni, F. Sampogna
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2547

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