Assessment Attività e Unità di Ricerca 1998-2

Transcript

Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale
"La Chimica per l’Ambiente"
http://www.unive.it/inca
Assessment
Attività e Unità di Ricerca 1998-2002
Settembre 2003
2
Indice
Unità di ricerca del Consorzio
Alessandria
Aquila 1
Aquila 2
Bari 1
Bari 2
Bologna 1
Bologna 2
Bologna 3
Bologna 4
Bologna 5
Bologna 6
Bologna 8
Bologna 9
Cagliari 1
Cagliari 2
Cagliari 3
Camerino
Caserta
Catania 2
Catania 3
Catania 4
Catania 5
Catania 6
Catania 7
Cosenza
Ferrara 1
Firenze
Genova 1
Genova 2
Genova 3
Lecce
Messina 1
Messina 2
Messina 3
Milano 2
Milano 4
Milano 5
Milano Politecnico
Napoli 2
Napoli 3
Napoli 4
Napoli 5
Napoli 7
Napoli 8
Napoli 9
Palermo 1
Palermo 2
Palermo 3
Palermo 4
Parma 1
Parma 2
Pavia 1
Pavia 2
Perugia
Roma 1
Roma 2
Roma 3
Zerbinati
Cerichelli
Mazzeo
Aresta
Curci
Marchetti
Trifirò
Morselli
Roda
Girotti
Trombini
Rosini
Chiavari
Cao
Lallai
Polcaro
Ballini
Di Blasio
Condorelli
Montaudo
Arena
Librando
Crisafulli
Corsaro
Drioli
Maldotti
Scozzafava
Canepa
Del Borghi
Mariani
Vasapollo
Micali
Galvagno
De Robertis
Raganini
Galli
Rossi
Citterio
Piccolo
Barone
Previtera
Palumbo
Paolillo
Iesce
Santacesaria
Schiavello
Rizzuti
La Mantia
Gianguzza
Pochini – Ungaro
Sartori
Albini
Pesavento
Savelli
Beccari
Laganà
Petronio
p.
4
14
24
29
47
59
77
93
108
123
137
151
161
173
185
196
202
212
223
233
243
255
273
283
293
305
317
322
330
344
351
361
374
383
390
405
414
421
437
448
459
469
478
487
497
500
524
537
553
564
581
593
600
621
634
644
655
3
Roma 4
Sassari 2
Siena
Torino 1
Torino 2
Torino 3
Trieste 1
Trieste 2
Trieste 3
Urbino
Venezia 1
Venezia 4
Venezia 6
Venezia 7
Verona
Viterbo
Bianco
Gladiali
Tiezzi
Coluccia
Mentasti
Pelizzetti
Graziani
Valentin
Reisenhofer
Mangani
Tundo
Botteghi
Baldi
Marziano
Cecchi
Giovannozzi
664
671
690
706
732
738
757
766
773
781
798
807
817
825
836
846
Laboratori INCA
Marghera
Cagliari
Catania
859
873
878
Report from the Managing Committee of INCA
902
4
ALESSANDRIA
Name of the Research Unit
UNIPMN
Unità Operativa di Alessandria
(Alessandria Operating Unit)
Research Leader
Prof. Orfeo Zerbinati
Contact Person
University:
Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”
(University of Eastern Piedmont “A. Avogadro”)
Faculty:
Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Naturali (Chimica)
(Mathematic, Physical and Natural Sciences - Chemistry)
Name: Orfeo Zerbinati
Mailing Address: Spalto Marengo, 33/35, I-15100
Alessandria
Phone : +39 131 287432
Fax : +39 131 287416
E-mail : [email protected]
Department:
DiSTA - Scienze e Tecnologie Avanzate
(DiSTA - Sciences and Advanced Technologies)
Thematic area
A) Tecnologie di depurazione (membrane,
sonochimica, fotocatalisi, elettrochimica e altre).
B) Tecnologie innovative di monitoraggio
Introduction and Context
The Eastern Piedmont University was formally established in 1998. All of its academic staff came from other
universities, mainly from those of Turin and of Genoa. Some local situations, of particular relevance for the
environment, orient toward this topic the activities of the researchers.
Introduction to the Self-evaluation Report
The Operating Unit of Alessandria rose in 1998, as soon as our University adhered to INCA. For this reason, data prior
to 1998 cannot be indicated, except for publications, that can also demonstrate the continuity of the present activity
with respect to the past one.
The research and teaching activities of the components of this Unit are mainly focused on environmental topics, both
for basic and applied aspects. The main research themes will be described, with respect to the results achieved and
future perspectives.
The University, the Faculty and the Department
The University of Eastern Piedmont has started its courses in 1987, as a part of the activities of the well established
University of Turin, with the aim of facilitating the fruition of its teaching and research offer also for those areas of
Piedmont situated farther. In 1998 these new activities became officially independent after the institution of a new
University.
The teaching activities are structured in 10 faculties : Literature and Philosophy, Medicine and Surgery, Social
Sciences, Law, Pharmacy, Economy and Mathemathical, Physical and Natural Sciences (MFN Sciences), with
approximately 350 units in the academic staff and 5,000 students. The faculties are distributed into three cities,
Alessandria, Novara and Vercelli and the MFN Science Faculty has been situated in the city of Alessandria, together
with Social Sciences and Law.
For its dimensions, the University of Eastern Piedmont can be classified as a small university, but it is relevant for the
Piedmont, since before 1998 it was the only, among the biggest Italian Regions, with a single University.
The MFN Science Faculty is sub-divided into courses of Biology, Chemistry, Computer Science, Environmental
Sciences, Material Sciences, Mathematics and Physics. The young people studying Chemistry are about 100, with an
5
academic staff composed by 19 professors and ricercatori. The largest part of the members of the Science Faculty
adhere to the Departments of Science and Advanced Technologies (63) or to the one of Computer Science (14).
The Unit
The components of the Unit are operating in the fields of Environmental and Analytical Chemistry since 20 years. It is
composed by 1 full professor, 3 associated professors and 1 researcher (beginning from October, 2000). The teaching
activity concerns general and applied Analytical Chemistry courses, Environmental Chemistry, Physical Chemistry ,
Chemometrics and Electroanalytical Chemistry. Each academic staff member keeps from 3 to 4 courses per year.
At present, 6 PhD students support the research activities of staff members and approximately 10 students are preparing
their doctoral thesis.
Programme Description and Evaluation
1
Title
Transport, Reactivity and Transformation of Organic Compounds in the Environment.
2
Research Leader
Prof. Orfeo Zerbinati
2a
Sub-programme titles and sub-programme leaders
1. Metodi e strategie per l’analisi e il controllo di acque superficiali e acque potabili- Fiume Scrivia (Methods
and Strategies for the Analysis and Control of Surface and Drinkable Waters - Scrivia River)
MC Gennaro, E. Marengo, V. Gianotti, S. Angioi
2. Messa a punto di metodi analitici, trattamento statistico dei dati e validazione dei metodi e dei risultati
analitici mediante intercalibrazione (Optimisation of Analytical Methods, Statistical Data Analysis, Analytical
Results
and
Methods
Validation
by
means
of
Intercalibration)
MC Gennaro, E. Marengo, V. Gianotti
3. Progetto Aree Depresse Porto Marghera (Depressed Zones Project Porto Marghera)
M.C. Gennaro
4. Sisifo (sub-Project : Electrochemical Soil Remediation)
O. Zerbinati
3
Composition of the scientific research staff of the unit per 1 January 2002
Names and Titles
Year of Rank
Birth
Maria Carla Gennaro
Mauro Causà
1940
1955
Emilio Marengo
1959
Orfeo Zerbinati
1955
Valentina Gianotti
Silvia Angioi
1972
1975
Elisa Robotti
1976
Full Professor
Associate
Professor
Associate
Professor
Associate
Professor
Ricercatore
PhD-student
2000/2001)
PhD-student
Research
Input in fte
in 2001
0.4
0.4
after 1993 ; sub-programmes 1,2,3,4
after 1993 ; sub-programme 4
0.4
after 1993 ; sub-programmes 1,2,4
0.5
0.4
0.4
after 1993 ; sub-programme 1,2,4
0.4
Remarks
6
Samuele Meinero
1974
(2001/2002)
PhD-student
(2002/2003)
Total research input
1.0
4.0
Comments
No data are available for years before 1998, since the Eastern Piedmont University has formally established in this
year.
4
Input of Academic Staff in fte
Category
Full Professors
Associated Professors
Ricercatori
Post-docs
PhD-students
Borsisti
Total
1997
--------
1998
0.5
1.5
1999
2000
2001
Total
0.5
1,5
0.7
0.7
1.0
1.7
1.4
1.0
5.1
0.7
1.0
3
1.0
1.0
+ 0.7 - 1.0
-1.0
-0.6
Comments
Data for 1997 are not reported since the Operating Unit has been constituted one year later. Negative numbers mean
that the category decreased by one unit ; e.g. in the year 2000 one bursary became one ricercatore.
The growth trend of the Operating Unit, as well as that of the University is evident, particularly as a consequence of the
interest demonstrated by Local Administrations toward University and environmental themes.
5
Funding
5.1
Personnel (in fte)
Source
1997
1998
University
-3.8
CNR
-European Union
-Other Sponsors
-Total
-3.8
5.2
Materials and Equipment (in Million Lire)
Source
University - MURST
CNR
EU
Other Sponsors
Total
5.3
1997
1999
2000
-0.3
2001
0.7
Total
4.2
1.0
1.0
-0.3
-0.6
1.0
1.7
1.7
5.9
1998
30
10
1999
30
10
2000
50
2001
55+40
Total
205
20
15
55
31
71
85
135
95 +180
370
406
631
Comments:
After an initial period, during which funding was substantially sufficient for supporting the continuation of basic
activities of the O.U., a progressive increment of funding occurred in the years 2000 and 2001 and is continuing in
2002.
This fact is mainly due to contracts established with local Administrations, that find in the University scientific
expertises useful for structuring their policies, mainly in the environmental field.
Major sponsors and the character of the liaison
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Provincia di Alessandria. ATF (Ambiente, Territorio e Formazione) projects.
ARPA Alessandria. Contract for the characterisation of a contaminated site.
Commissario Straordinario ACNA. Contract for experimenting new technologies for the remediation of contaminated
soils.
Project “Aree Depresse Porto Marghera”.
Città di Chieri (Torino). Contract “Distribuzione spazio temporale di inquinanti atmosferici da traffico autoveicolare”
University
6.
Progress Report
6.1
Mission Statement
The character of the research areas of the Unit are both fundamental and applied, since they cover either fields
regarding chemical transformation of pollutants in the environment and the study of non-polluting substitutes of
chemicals or processes dangerous for the environment, or the study and characterization of cases of environmental
relevance. An important additional field of activity consists with the optimisation and validation of new analytical
techniques, useful for supporting the research activities previously mentioned.
1.3The Research Programme
The research group, whose components have been active for several years in the fields of environmental and analytical
chemistry and in the field of computational chemistry applied to the solution of environmental problems, is presently
involved in the following areas of research:
•
Fate of chemicals in the environment. The abiotic transformation of organic chemicals both in
atmospheric, aqueous and soil environments are investigated. With respect to atmospheric environment,
fundamental aspects of chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) chemistry are investigated, with the aim of elucidating the
chemical characters that affect their stability in the stratosphere. Further, the chemical transformations of
volatile hydrocarbons (VOC) deriving from vehicles emission, which lead to the formation of toxic gaseous
pollutants in the troposphere, are investigated by measuring their spatial and temporal distribution over large
areas and long period of time, in order to elaborate predictive statistical models of urban atmospheric
pollution.
Aqueous and soil environments are studied with particular reference to specific phenomena regarding
transport and fate of highly hydrophilic substances (such as polar aromatic sulfonates, halogenated phenols
and anilines) deriving from industrial production of chemicals.
•
Pollution prevention. New substitutes of CFC are investigated by means of computational techniques,
in order of proposing environmentally safer substitutes. With respect to urban pollution, the statistical models
of transport and temporal evolution should enable Local Authorities in elaborating strategies for preventing
accumulation of atmospheric pollutants.
•
Environmental remediation. New techniques for the removal of organic pollutants from soil and
ground waters are studied, with particular attention to specific cases of contaminated industrial sites.
•
Advanced analytical techniques. Characterization of situations of environmental relevance requires
reliable analytical data. In the case of tropospheric pollutants, new techniques for passive sampling of gaseous
species are elaborated and validated, by means of laboratory and field tests. New chromatographic techniques
are also developed for separating complex mixtures of polar and ionic organic substances, at microgram and
even nanogram per litre levels, in the presence of interfering substances. Extraction steps from soil and water
are developed and validated. Advanced statistical techniques are used either for chromatographic and
extraction methods development and validation.
1.4Position in Networks
Regional co-operation
Amministrazione Provinciale di Alessandria
Regional Agency for Environmental Protection (ARPA), Department of Alessandria
Ausimont S.p.A., Spinetta Marengo (Alessandria)
Città di Chieri (Torino)
Università di Torino
Politecnico di Torino
National co-operation (including INCA)
University of Urbino
8
INCA
Università di Parma
International co-operation
University of Bradford (U.K.)
University of Ljubliana
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
6.4
Societal Relevance and Impact
Among the topics covered by the Research Unit, the most relevant for the society are:
Validation of analytical techniques, which are relevant for Regional control agencies, with particular regard to
atmospheric and soil pollution control.
Monitoring of atmospheric pollutants over urban and suburban areas, whose results are of interest for Local
Administrations.
Study for safe CFC substitutes, that are particularly relevant for a firms dealing with production and use of
these substances.
6.5
Further Indications of Quality and Reputation
Prof. MC Gennaro is President of the Analytical Chemistry Division of the Italian Chemical Society.
6.6
Key Publications
New Strategies for the Determination of Phenylurea Pesticides by Gas Chromatography with Hot Splitless Inlet
System, J. Chromatogr. A, 910 (2001) 79-86 M.C. Gennaro, E. Marengo, V. Gianotti, V. Maurino
Optimization of the Separation of mono and di Chloroanilines in Ion Interaction High Performance Chromatography,
J. Chromatogr.A 863 (1999) 1-11 E.Marengo, M.C.Gennaro, V.Gianotti, E.Prenesti
Simultaneous Determination of Acidic and Basic-Neutral Pesticides in Water at ppt Concentration Level by Ioninteraction Micro-HPLC/MS, Environ. Sci. & Technol 33, 3905-3910 (1999) A.Cappiello, G.Famiglini, F.Mangani,
S.Angelino, M.C.Gennaro,
Ab Initio Periodic Hartree-Fock Calculations for Interpretation of the Scanning Tunnelling Microscope (STM) Images
of Graphite, Lee KH, Causà M, Park SS, J. of Phys. Chem. B, 102, 6020-6024, 1998
Ciclodextrin-Assisted Capillary Electrophoretic Separation of 1,1’-bi-2-Naphthol Atropisomers, O. Zerbinati, F. Trotta,
Electrophoresis, 22 (2001) 3578-3852
7.
Scientific Output
7.1
Publication Policy
The publication policy of the components of this Unit is mainly directed to international journals with the largest impact
factors and the widest distribution within the subjects of interest.
The number of master’s thesis dissertations remained approximately constant in the last 4 years, but should decline in
the future, due to the change in the structure of the courses, which recently started in Italy.
There is a relatively widespread spectrum of impact factors and ranking in the journal articles published by the
components of the O. U. Of course, there is not always the possibility of having articles published on top journals, but
the scientific value of the research developed by O.U. members is demonstrated by several articles published on
journals ranking in the top 25%. The overall number of publication is variable, according to the results obtained and the
availability of efficient structures, that lacked until 2002. The topics of most of the articles lie within those of the O.U’s
mission .
7.2
Numerical data
Category
PhD-Dissertations
1997
1998
1
1999
2000
1
2001
Total
1
9
Scientific Publications
11
6
15
4
6
42
Professional Publications
Master’s Theses
3
5
8
6
6
28
8
Self-evaluation
The O.U.’s components are mainly specialized in the fields of analytical chemistry (chemical analysis and
chemometrics) and theoretical chemistry, thus they can take advantage from discussing problems from different points
of view.
The instrumentation necessary to conduct high-level research activity in nowadays present (HPLC-MS, two GC-MS,
ICP-MS, 400 MHz NMR, FTIR, Raman spetrometres, Capillary Electrophoresis, Ion Chromatograph, several HPLC
systems with DAD, fluorescence and variable wavelength UV-Vis detectors, in addition to basic laboratory equipment)
together with efficient laboratory infra-structures.
The number of Ph.D. students and bursaries is still quite limited, compared to the staff. The effort for procuring the
resources, necessary to encompass this problem, is going to give its results, thanks mainly to the good co-operation with
Local Authorities.
Appendix I
Scientific Output
I-1
Overview of Dissertations and Master's Thesis (1997-2001)
I.1.1 Dissertations
Year
1998
Name PhD-student
Stefania Angelino
2000
Valentina Gianotti
I.1.2
Master's Thesis
Year
Year
1997
Name Master’s student Title of the Dissertation Supervisor
Name Master’s student
Title of the Dissertation
Ivana Diana
Ricerca di solfonati aromatici in acque naturali
(Search for aromatic sulphonates in natural waters)
Fabio Alberi
Determinazione cromatografica di assorbenti UV in
vernici trasparenti per carrozzeria (Determination of
UV absorbers in transparent coatings for automotive
bodies)
Simona Cammarota
Separazione di solfonati aromatici mediante
HPLC/MS (HPLC-MS separation of aromatic
sulphonates)
Stefania Ravinale
Messa a punto di metodi per la ricerca di inquinanti
atmosferici con tecniche di campionamento passivo
(Optimization of methods for searching atmospheric
pollutants by means of passive sampling techniques)
1997
1997
1998
Development of new methods and their validation.
Optimisation by chemometrical methods
Supervisor
MC Gennaro
Sviluppo, ottimizzazione e validazione di metodi
cromatografici per l’analisi di campioni ambientali
(Development, optimization and validation of
chromatographic methods for the analysis of
environmental samples)
MC Gennaro
Supervisor
O. Zerbinati
MC Gennaro
O. Zerbinati
O. Zerbinati
10
1998
Daniele Valmorbida
1998
Loretta Badan
1998
Myriam Arca
1999
Melissa Abbà
1999
Enrico Gallese
1999
Alessia Indaco
I-2
Metodiche analitiche per la determinazione di
microinquinanti organici nel particolato atmosferico
(Analytical methods for the determination of organic
micropollutants in atmospheric particulated matter)
Ottimizzazione di tecniche per l’analisi di fitofarmaci
in matrici alimentari (Optimization of techniques for
the analysis of phytopharmaceutical products in food
products)
Studio GC e chemiometrico di reazioni di
trasformazione termica di pesticidi fenilureici (GC and
chemometric study of the reactions of thermally
induced transformation of phenylurea pesticides)
Controllo statistico di processo in un’industria
vinicola (Statystical control of the process in a wine
industry)
Analisi multivariata dei componenti dell’aroma in vini
moscato per il controllo di qualità (Multivariate
analysis of aroma components for the qualità control
of muscat wines)
Ottimizzazione della tecnica di estrazione di solfonati
aromatici polari da campioni di suolo (Optimization of
an extraction technique of polar aromatic sulphonates
from soil)
V. Maurino
O. Zerbinati
MC Gennaro
E. Marengo
O. Zerbinati
Overview of Scientific Publications (1997-2001) per year
1997
1. An electrochemical process for the degradation of sulfonate- and phenol- derivatives in industrial effluents,
M.C. Gennaro, R. Aigotti, O. Zerbinati, S. Pittavino, J. Environ. Sci. Health, A32(3), 735-748 (1997). Thematic
area : A
2. Hallucinogenic species in Amanita muscaria. Determination of muscimol and ibotenic acid by ion-interaction
HPLC, M.C.Gennaro, D.Giacosa, E.Gioannini, S.Angelino, J. Liq. Chromatogr. & Rel.Technol. 20, 413-424 (1997)
.Thematic area : B
3. Heavy metal speciation in anaerobic municipal sludges. Comparison between single and sequential extraction,
A.Vanni, M.C.Gennaro, A.Cignetti, B.M.Petronio, G.Petruzzelli, A.Liberatori J.Environm. Sci.Health A32, 14671489 (1997). Thematic area : B
4. Identification and determination of red dyes in confectionery and determination by ion-interaction HPLC,
M.C.Gennaro, E.Gioannini, S.Angelino, R.Aigotti, D.Giacosa, J.Chromatogr., 767, 87 (1997). Thematic area :
5. An ion-interaction RP-HPLC method for the determination of the eleven EPA priority pollutant phenols,
S.Angelino, M.C.Gennaro, Anal.Chim.Acta, 346, 61-71 (1997). Thematic area : A
6. Resolution optimization in ion-interaction RP-HPLC, M.C.Gennaro, R.Aigotti, S.Angelino Anal.Letters, 30,
2271-2279 (1997). Thematic area : B
7. Determination of fluoxetine and norfluoxetine in human plasma by ion interaction RP-HPLC, M.C.Gennaro,
C.Abrigo, U.Albert, F.Bogetto, G.Maina, P.Prolo, L.Ravizza, J.Liq. Chromatogr. & Rel.Technol., 20, 3017-3028
(1997) . Thematic area : B
8. Separation and determination of inorganic anions by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography,
M.C.Gennaro, S.Angelino, J.Chromatogr. A, 789, 181-194 (1997) . Thematic area : B
9. Residual effect of application of sewage sludge on heavy metal sorption by soil, G.Petruzzelli, B.M.Petronio,
M.C.Gennaro, A.Vanni, A.Liberatori, M.Barbafieri, B.Pezzarossa Ann.Chim. (Rome), 87, 733 (1997) . Thematic
area : B
10. Simple and inexpensive analog to digital converter for the PCs parallel port, O. Zerbinati, J. Chem. Educ.,
1997, 74 (10), 1241-1242 . Thematic area :
11. Fate of aromatic sulfonates in the environment, O. Zerbinati, M. Vincenti, S. Pittavino, M.C. Gennaro,
Chemosphere 35 (10), 1997, 2295-2305 . Thematic area : A
1998
1. E.Marengo, M.C.Gennaro, S.Angelino “ Neural network and experimental design to investigate the effect of
five factors in ion-interaction high-performance liquid chromatography” J.Chromatogr. A, 799, 47-55 (1998) .
Thematic area : B
11
2. S.Angelino, A.F.Fell, M.C.Gennaro “Development of system suitability tests for ion-interaction reagent
chromatography of colorants on reversed-phase packing materials.” J.Chromatogr. A, 797, 65-74 (1998) . Thematic
area : B
3. New derivatives of cyclodextrins as chiral selectors for the capillary electrophoretic separation of dichlorprop
enantiomers, O. Zerbinati, F. Trotta, C. Giovannoli, C. Baggiani, G. Giraudi, A. Vanni, J. Chromatogr. A, 810, 193200 (1998) . Thematic area : B
4. Neural network and experimental design to investigate the effect of five factors in ion-interaction highperformance liquid chromatography, E.Marengo, M.C.Gennaro, S.Angelino, J.Chromatogr. A, 799, 47-55 (1998) .
Thematic area : B
5. Development of system suitability tests for ion-interaction reagent chromatography of colorants on reversedphase packing materials, S.Angelino, A.F.Fell, M.C.Gennaro, J.Chromatogr. A, 797, 65-74 (1998) . Thematic area :
B
6. Intercalibration of chromatographic methods in multiresidue pesticide determination, M.C.Gennaro,
S.Angelino, V.Maurino, R.Aigotti, A.Liberatori, J.Liq.Chromatogr. & Rel.Technol. 22, 721-734 (1999) . Thematic
area : B
1999
1. E.Marengo, M.C.Gennaro, V.Gianotti, E.Prenesti "Optimization of the Separation of mono and di chloroanilines in ion
interaction high performance chromatography", J.Chromatogr.A, 863, 1-11 (1999) . Thematic area : B
2. S.Angelino, A.BiancoPrevot, M.C.Gennaro, E.Pramauro, “Ion-interaction high-performance liquid chromatography and
micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography: two complementary techniques for the separation and aromatic sulfonated
compounds.” J.Chromatogr. A, 845, 257-271 (1999) . Thematic area : B
3. M.C.Gennaro, S.Angelino, V.Maurino, R.Aigotti, A.Liberatori, “Intercalibration of chromatographic methods in
multiresidue pesticide determination.” J.Liq.Chromatogr. & Rel.Technol. 22, 721-734 (1999) . Thematic area : B
4. A.Cappiello, G.Famiglini, F.Mangani, S.Angelino, M.C.Gennaro, "Simultaneous determination of acidic and
basic-neutral pesticides in water at ppt concentration level by ion-interaction micro-HPLC/MS " Environ. Sci. &
Technol 33, 3905-3910 (1999) . Thematic area : B
5. M.C.Gennaro, S.Angelino, V.Gianotti “Suitability of different C18 silica-based stationary phases for the
trasferability of an Ion-Interaction HPLC Method.” Analusis, 27, 742-748 (1999) . Thematic area : B
6. M.C.Gennaro, V.Gianotti, F.Alberi, S.Angelino, M.Scagliotti, “Chromatographic determination of UV
absorbers in car paints.” J.Liq.Chromatogr. & Rel.Technolog, 33,2689-2700 (1999) . Thematic area : B
7. E.Marengo, R.Aigotti, V.Maurino, S.Angelino, C.Baiocchi, M.C.Gennaro, “Pattern recognition and
classification of Nebbiolo wine as a function of the fungicide treatment of the grape.” Anal.Letters 32, 1653-1673
8. Trace Aromatic Sulphonates Determination in Natural Water Samples. O. Zerbinati, I. Diana, C. Baiocchi, Int.
J. Environ. Anal. Chem., 741, 43-54 (1999) . Thematic area : B
9. Ion-interaction high-performance liquid chromatography and micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography:
two complementary techniques for the separation and aromatic sulfonated compounds, S.Angelino, A.BiancoPrevot,
M.C.Gennaro, E.Pramauro, J.Chromatogr. A, 845 , 257-271 (1999) . Thematic area : B
10. M.C.Gennaro, S.Angelino , Chemometric applications in seawater analysis. Marine Chemistry, an
Environmental Analytical Chemistry Approach, Water Science and Technology Library, Kluver Academic Publ.,
11. Pattern recognition and classification of Nebbiolo wine as a function of the fungicide treatment of the grape,
E.Marengo, R.Aigotti, V.Maurino, S.Angelino, C.Baiocchi, M.C.Gennaro, Anal.Letters 32, 1653-1673 (1999) .
Thematic area : B
12. Chromatographic determination of UV absorbers in car paints, M.C.Gennaro, V.Gianotti, F.Alberi,
S.Angelino, M.Scagliotti, J.Liq.Chromatogr. & Rel.Technol., 2689-2700 (1999) . Thematic area : B
13. Simultaneous determination of acidic and basic-neutral pesticides in water at ppt concentration level by ioninteraction micro-HPLC/MS, A.Cappiello, G.Famiglini, F.Mangani, S.Angelino, M.C. Gennaro, Environ. Sci. &
Technol, 33 , 3905-3910 (1999) . Thematic area : B
14. Suitability of different C18 silica-based stationary phases for the trasferability of an Ion-Interaction HPLC
Method, M.C.Gennaro, S.Angelino, V.Gianotti, Analusis, (1999) . Thematic area : B
15. Optimization of the Separation of mono and di- chloroanilines in ion interaction HPLC E.Marengo,
M.C.Gennaro, V.Gianotti, E.Prenesti, J Chromatogr.A, (1999) . Thematic area : B
2000
1. E.Marengo, M.C.Gennaro, V.Gianotti “ Chemometrically assisted simultaneous separation of 21 aromatic
sulfonates in ion-interaction RP-HPLC” Chem. Intell. Lab. System 53, 57-67 (2000) . Thematic area : B
12
2. M.C.Gennaro, E.Marengo, V.Gianotti “Ion-Interaction RP-HPLC Separation of inorganic anions on porous
graphitised carbon stationary phase. Comparison with ODS stationary phase.” J.Liq.Chromatogr. & Rel. Technol.
23, 2599-2615 (2000) . Thematic area : B
3. Determination of lithium in wines by ion-chromatography. O. Zerbinati, F. Balduzzi, V. Dell’Oro, J.
Chromatogr. A, 881, 645-650 (2000) . Thematic area : B
4. Optimization of the cyclodextrin-assisted capillary electrophoresis separation of enantiomers of phenoxyacid
herbicides. O. Zerbinati, F. Trotta, C. Giovannoli, J. Chromatogr. A, 875, 423-430 (2000) . Thematic area : B
2001
1. M.C.Gennaro, C.Abrigo, R.Calvino “Ion interaction reagent reversed-phase high-performance liquid
chromatographic determination of anti-tubercolosis drugs and metabolites in biological fluids.” J. Chromatogr. B,
754, 477-486 (2001) . Thematic area : B
2. E.Marengo, M.C.Gennaro, V.Gianotti, S.Angelino “ A test of Robustness Study in IIR-RP-HPLC Separation of Nine
Priority Pollutant Phenols.” J. Liq.Chromatogr. & Rel. Technol. 24, 341-353 (2001) . Thematic area : B
3. M.C.Gennaro, E.Marengo, V.Gianotti, V.Maurino “New Strategies for the determination of phenylurea pesticides by gas
chromatography with hot splitless inlet system.” J.Chromatogr.A , 910, 79-86 (2001) . Thematic area : B
4. E.Marengo, M.C.Gennaro, V.Gianotti “A Simplex optimised chromatographic separation of cosmesis preservatives.
Determination in commercial products.” J.Chromatogr. Sci, 32, 1-6 (2001) . Thematic area :
5. Electrochemical or UV-Photochemical Oxidation of Industrial Wastes Containing Polar Aromatic Sulphonates,
O. Zerbinati, S. Pittavino, ESPR - Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1065/espr2001.12.104.6 .
Thematic area : A
6. Ciclodextrin-assisted capillary electrophoretic separation of 1,1’-bi-2-naphthol atropisomers, O. Zerbinati, F.
Trotta, Electrophoresis, 22 (2001) 3578-3852 . Thematic area : B
I-3
Overview of Professional Publications (1997 - 2001) per year
2000
S.Angelino, M.C.Gennaro, in “Handbook of Food Analysis”, Food Science and Technology Series, Nollet Editor, Chapter 21,
“HPLC analysis of Organic Bases”, 881-938 (2000)
G.Saini, C.Baiocchi, M.C.Gennaro, “Contributo alla conoscenza dell’inquinamento lagunare”, La Ricerca Scientifica per Venezia:
il progetto sistema lagunare Veneziano, vol.II, tomo I, 349-370, Edizioni Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere e Arte (2000), Venezia
M.C.Gennaro, S.Angelino, in Chemical Processes in Marine Environments, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg editor,
Chapter 22 “Chemometric applications in seawater analysis.” pp.404-424 (2000)
2001
M.C. Gennaro, V. Gianotti, S. Angioi "L'analisi multivariata nell'ottimizzazione dei metodi e nel trattamento dei dati"
in “La Cromatografia Ionica nell’analisi alimentare” a cura di Silvano Cavalli e Corrado Sarzanini Ed. Nuova
Poligrafica Milanese, Milano (2001)
I-4
Other Scientific Output
Reports have been written as final outputs of contracts from local authorities or industries. These are available only
under permission of the sponsors.
Journal Portfolio Analysis
Name of the Unit:
Research Director:
Years included
Name of Journal
Anal.Chim.Acta
Anal.Letters
Ann.Chim. (Rome)
Analusis
UNIPMN
Orfeo Zerbinati
1997-2001
Number of Journal Impact Field(s)
Articles
Factor
1
2.073
Chemistry, Analytical
3
1.130
1
0.394
2
0.502
Ranking
13/68
35/66
60/68
53/68
13
Chem. Intell. Lab. System
1
1.412
Automation
Systems
&
Control 28/65
30/68
Computer
Science, 13/72
Artificial Intelligence
Chemosphere
Electrophoresis
1
1
1.181
4.282
ESPR – Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res
Environ. Sci. & Technol
Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem
1
2
1
0.833
2.707
0.797
J. Environ. Sci. Health
J. Liq. Chromatogr. & Rel.Technol
J.ChromatogrA
J.ChromatogrB
J. Chem. Educ.
2
8
14
1
1
J.Chromatogr. Sci
1
Water Science and Technology Library 1
0.376
0.762
2.79
1.91
0.596
0.987
Instruments
& 5/48
Instrumentation
Environmental Sciences
43/129
Biochemical
Research 2/43
Methods
2/68
62/129
2/126
46/68
Chemistry,
Multidisciplinary
64/129
107/129
48/68
6/68
18/68
70/118
41/68
Comments:
The average pro-capita number of published articles per year (1.05 if all of the 2002 composition of the O.U. is considered, 1.68 if
only staff members present in 1998 are considered) seems to be adequate, especially if the situation of our newly constituted
structure is examined in all its aspects. 18/42, that is 44%, of the articles appeared on journals ranking in the top 25%, thus
demonstrating that the policy of the O.U. is privileging the quality, rather than the quantity, of its scientific production.
14
AQUILA
AQUILA 1
(AQUILA 1)
Research Leader
(Prof. Giorgio Cerichelli)
University:
(L’AQUILA)
Contact Person
Please specify:
Name Prof. Giorgio Cerichelli
Mailing Address Dipartimento di Chimica, Ingegneria
Chimica e Materiali
Phone 0039862433784
Fax 0039862433753
Department:
(Dipartimento di Chimica, Ingegneria Chimica e Materiali Mobile 339 3671300
Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and E-mail:[email protected]
Materials)
Thematic area
Faculty:
(Scienze MM.FF.NN.
Natural Sciences)
Please indicate to which thematic area of INCA the unit
belong (in priority order):
Sintesi ecosostenibili (solventi, fotochimica, catalisi,
riciclo e altre).
Catalisi eterogenea per le sintesi ecosostenibili e la
decontaminazione ambientale.
This self-evaluation report is the second one produced by the research unit CERICHELLI - l'Aquila. Our University is
a small one and the dimension of the research unit is small. A strong limitation is that only very recently in l'Aquila
started a first level degree in Chemistry, and a Ph.D. course in Chemistry; so for many years we suffered this luck of
students. Now things are changing, but due to the very recent changes affecting Italian University system (an
abnormous increment in first level degree courses, each one of them request an ad hoc first level chemistry course) our
teaching duties have increased without a corresponding increase in teachers. We are trying to face this emergency. My
personal opinion is that in the absence of a real evaluation system of University professors we are suffering from a too
strong influence of people that are doing little or nothing at all. Even in a Science Faculty it is very hard to convince
people that a professor in the University has to carry out research (real, results published in good level Journals) and
not only teach few lessons. In other Faculties the situation is even worse. Resources (funds, positions) are attributed on
an average basis that reflects only the existing situation and do not take into consideration the future. I hope that in the
future something will change otherwise it will be very difficult, almost impossible to maintain what I think is a good
level of scientific production, especially referred to funding.
The University of L’Aquila is the scientific aggregation center in Abruzzo. Students are not only from Abruzzo but also
largely from neighboring regions. The international laboratory of “Gran Sasso” is deeply involved with the natural
science faculty, department of physics. There are many international joint research projects; among the others very
important in the environmental field is the co-operation with the National Center for Atmospheric Research, University
of Colorado at Boulder.
The faculties of the University of L’Aquila are the following: Natural Sciences, Engineering, Medical School,
Economic Sciences, Scienze Umane and Scienze della Formazione. The numbers of students are about 15,000 and
faculties members are about 350; the students at the Natural Sciences faculty are about 2,500 and the faculties
members are 88.
Figures are a little bit larger than that of 1998 due to a general increase in students enrolment, and to the birth in
l'Aquila of the first level degree in Chemistry. This new laurea degree has heavily increased our teaching duties.
15
The Unit
The main change with respect to 1998 is the promotion of a ricercatore to Associate Professor. Our unit is an organic
chemistry unit working inside the “Dip. di Chimica, Ingegneria Chimica e Materiali” with teaching load for the degree
(master) of Chemistry, Environmental Sciences ,Biotechnology and Biological Sciences. The organizational structure
consists of: 1 Full professor, 2 Associate professor 1 Ricercatore (Assistant professor) and 2 Ph.D. student.
Teaching load is:
Organic Chemistry - Environmental Sciences;
Organic Chemistry - Biotechnology
Organic Chemistry - Biological Sciences;
Bioorganic Chemistry - Environmental Sciences;
Atmospheric Chemistry - Environmental Sciences;
Chemistry for the conservation and restoration of the cultural heritage - Environmental Sciences;
Laboratory experimental Chemistry - Biological Sciences.
Spectrometric Identification of Organic Compounds – Chemistry
Medicinal Chemistry. – Chemistry
Organo-Metallic Chemistry - Chemistry
1
Title
GREEN CHEMISTRY. New synthetic techniques developed to minimize environmental impact of organic synthesis.
2
Research Leader: Giorgio Cerichelli
2a
Sub-programme titles and sub-programme leaders:
1 Clean Solvents in Organic Synthesis (Giorgio Cerichelli)
2 Domino reactions (Antonio Arcadi)
3
Names and Titles
Year of Rank
Birth
Giorgio Cerichelli
Antonio Arcadi
1946
1954
Fabio Marinelli
1956
Nicoletta Spreti
Sabrina Di Giuseppe
Loredana D’Anteo
1961
1974
1973
Full professor
Associate
professor
Associate
professor
Ricercatore
Ph.D.-student
Ph.D.-student
Research
Input in fte
in 2001
0.5
0.5
Since 1995 2a
2b
0.5
Since 20012b
0.8
1.0
1.0
4.9
2a
2b
2a
Remarks
Comments
The beginning of the courses of environmental sciences ( since 1993) and the bachelors in biotechnology (since 1996),
material sciences (since 1996) and chemistry (1998) determined an increase of the number of courses. In 1997 started a
Ph.D. programme, title: CHIMICA per L'AMBIENTE (Chemistry for the Environment)
4
Category
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
Total
16
Full Professors
Ricercatori
Post-docs
Ph.D.-students
Borsisti
Total
0.5
.5
1.6
.5
.5
1.6
.5
.5
1.6
.5
.5
1.6
.5
.5
1.6
2.5
2.5
8.0
1
1
1
1
2
6
3
3
3
3
4
16
Comments
In the course of 2001 a ricercatore (FM) get promoted to associate professor. We did not modify the above table. His
teaching duties are changing.
5
Funding
5.1
Personnel (in fte)
Source
University
CNR
European Union
Other Sponsors
Total
5.2
1997
1998
1999
1
2000
2001
Total
1
1
1
2
Source
University - MURST
CNR
EU
Other Sponsors
Total
1997
20
40
1998
90
40
1999
90
40
2000
10
40
2001
10
30
Total
220
180
60
130
130
50
40
410
5.3
Comments:
Our group is suffering from the general decrease in research funding in Italy. At the present time the
management of CNR is still that one put in charge from the past government, as a consequence government has largely
decreased CNR funding. Money coming via MURST has always been very low. We are also suffering from a very
"peculiar" local policy for funding. In the current year and in the 3 future ones things will improve due to funds
obtained via Ministero Affari Esteri (110000 euros) and PON (co-ordination of a 2.300.000 euros project).
*
On the figures
*
On the funding policy
6.
Progress Report
6.1
Progress analysis
Starting 1998 students had begun to get their degree in Environmental Sciences discussing, within our group, theses in
the field of “Green Chemistry”.
With respect to 1998 we have increased the research in the field of GREEN CHEMISTRY working mainly into 2
directions: the elimination or reduction of the use of organic solvents in Organic synthesis 1) using surfactants
aggregates in water; 2) by using the Domino approach. We increased collaboration within INCA units (Maldotti,
chlorinated compounds degradation). We are largely increasing (involving others INCA units) our research activity in
the field of protection of cultural goods; it has been funded by MIUR a 3 years (2.3 million euros) research project.
6.2
Position within INCA
This research unit within INCA has developed an almost unique experience in the use of surfactants in organic
synthesis and in the recovery and degradation of pollutants. Solvents are also reduced by the Domino technique. The
17
use of surfactants supported enzymes in water is another approach the elimination/reduction of the use of organic
solvents.
6.3
Key Publications
6.3a
- Pietro di Profio, Raimondo Germani, Gianfranco Savelli, Giorgio Cerichelli, Marco Chiarini, Giovanna Mancini,
Clifford A. Bunton, and Nicholas D. Gillit. "Effects of Headgroup Strucuture on the Incorporation of Anions into
Sulfobetaine Micelles. Kinetics and Physical Evidence." Langmuir 14 (1998) 2662-2669.
- B. De Santis, A. L. Iamiceli, R. Marini Bettolo, L. M. Migneco, R. Scarpelli, G. Cerichelli, G. Fabrizi, D. Lamba,
“On the Diastereoselectivity of the Aqueous-Acid-Catalized Intramolecular Aldol Condensation of 3Oxocyclohexaneacetaldehydes.” Helv. Chim. Acta 1998; 81, 2375-2387.
- Borocci, S., Mancini, G., Cerichelli, G., Luchetti, L., "Conformational Behavior of Aqueous Micelles of Sodium NDodecanoyl-L-prolinate" Langmuir; 1999; 15, 2627-2630;
- Cerichelli, G., Luchetti, L., Mancini, G., Savelli, G., "Cyclizations of 2-(-ω-Bromoalkyloxy)phenoxide Ions in
Dicationic Surfactants" Langmuir; 1999; 15, 2631-2634.
- A. Maldotti, L. Andreotti, A. Molinari, G. Varani, G. Cerichelli, M. Chiarini “Photocatalytic properties of iron
porphyrins revisited in aqueous micellar environment: oxygenation of alkenes and reductive degradation of carbon
tetrachloride” Green Chem., (2001), 1 42-46.
6.3b
- Synthesis of Functionalised Quinolines through Tandem Addition/Annulation Reactions of -(2-Aminophenyl)- ynones.
A. Arcadi, F. Marinelli, E.Rossi, Tetrahedron, 1999, 55, 13233-13250.
- Palladium-Catalyzed Arylation of α-Methylene-γ−Butyrolactone:3-Benzylfuran-2(5H)-ones vs. (Z)-Benzylidene-γButyrolactones and their Reduction to 3-Benzyl-γ-Butyrolactones
A. Arcadi, M. Chiarini, F. Marinelli, Z. Berente, L. Kollàr, Organic letters, 2000, 2, 69-72.
- Sequential Alkylation/Transition Metal Catalysed Annulation Reactions of 1,3-Dicarbonyl Compounds with
Propargyl Bromide.
A. Arcadi, G. Cerichelli, M.Chiarini, S. Di Giuseppe, F. Marinelli, Tetrahedron Lett. 2000, 41, 9195-9198.
- Palladium- Catalysed Functionalisation at 4- and 6-Position of the 7-Azaindole System.
M. Allegretti, A. Arcadi, F. Marinelli, L. Nicolini, Synlett, 2001, 609-613.
- Conversion of Homochiral Amines and α-Aminoesters to Their Chiral 1,2,3,5-Substituted Pyrrole Derivatives via
Gold-Catalysed
Amination/Annulation
Reactions
of
2-Propynyl-1,3-dicarbonyls.
A. Arcadi, S. Di Giuseppe, F. Marinelli, E. Rossi, Tetrahedron Asymmetry 2001, 12, 2715-2720.
7.
Scientific Output
7.1
Publication Policy
7.2
Numerical data
Category
Ph.D.-Dissertations
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
1
Total
1
9
8
12
13
13
55
3
2
5
10
Master’s Theses
8
Self-evaluation
with respect to the previous assessment procedure a person FM get promoted from assistant professor position to
associate. In year 2001 started the first year course of the first level degree in chemistry, following the new university
organization. Our teaching duties are consequently increasing. We are teaching courses in the following first and
second level degrees: 1) Chemistry; 2) Environmental Sciences; 3) Biological Sciences; 4) Biotechnology; 5) Material
Sciences. We increased the number of thesis with a stronger environmental motivation. In l’Aquila in January 2002 we
18
had the first student that get an environmental Chemistry Ph.D. working on Green Chemistry. At the present time 9
students are involved in our environmental Chemistry Ph.D. programme (not all of them in our group – prof. Giorgio
Cerichelli is the coordinator of the Ph.D. school). Thanks to increase in funding we implemented our equipment,
increasing the performances of a spectrophotometer and we buy a new CG-MS system. Professor Cerichelli has been
nominated coordinator in charge of an Italia-Argentina cooperation programme on Green Chemistry, research &
teaching. Funding on this project will be available 2002 – 2003. Professor Cerichelli is the scientific coordinator of a
research project on the safeguard of Cultural Heritage (PON), starting at the end of 2002, funded by 2.3 million euros.
The papers that we published are more related to Green Chemistry and we are pushing our efforts mainly in two
directions: a) aqueous surfactants solutions as an environmental friendly reaction medium for organic synthesis, both
conventional and enzymes assisted; b) Domino reactions as a way to reduce solvents and energy consumption
increasing atom efficiency. We think that it is important that even in the future we will devote a part of our activity to
Chemistry of Cultural Heritage, because in this way we can also support basic research, that otherwise will not be
funded by the present Government.
Appendix I
Scientific Output
I-1
I.1.1 Dissertations
Year
2001
Name Ph.D.-student
Supervisor
Simona Cerritelli New synthetic pathways with low environmental impact Giorgio Cerichelli
I.1.2
Master's Thesis
Year
1999
Sabrina Di Giuseppe
Reazioni Domino come Strumenti di Green Chemistry (Domino Reactions as Tools
of “Green Chemistry”) Antonio Arcadi
1999
Andrea Berardinelli
Synthesis of Furopyridines as Precursors of HIV-1 on Nucleoside Reverse
Transcriptase Inhibitors
Antonio Arcadi
1999
Irma Paris
Environmental Monitoring Strategies as an Aid in Aquifer Protection Antonio Arcadi
2000
Mauro Panzanaro
Synthesis of Butenolides and γ-Butirolactones
Antonio Arcadi
2000
Emanuela Paris
Study on the chemical degradation of non-ionic surfactants industrially used: their
toxicity and of their degradation products. Giorgio Cerichelli
2001
Mirella Nardecchia
An Efficient Synthesis of 2,4-Substituted-[1,8]naphtyridines from 3-(2-Amino-5methyl-pyridin-3-yl)-aryl Propinones.
Fabio Marinelli
2001
Enrica Bernardini
New surfactants for the cleaning of stone art goods Giorgio Cerichelli
2001
Marina Capone
A new synthetic approach to the preparation of surfactants of potential biological
interest Giorgio Cerichelli
2001
Maria Teresa Di Stefano Reactivity modifications due to micellar surface doping
Giorgio Cerichelli
2001
Monica Gili
Model reactions as a tool to investigate micellar surfaces
Giorgio Cerichelli
I-2
1997
- Giorgio Cerichelli, Luciana Luchetti and Giovanna Mancini, “Conformational behavior of aqueous micelles of
sodium N-dodecanoyl-N-methylglicinate”, Langmuir, 13 4767—4769, (1997).
- Enrico Ballico, Giorgio Cerichelli, Simona Fossa, Barbara Floris, Federico Giordano, “Metallation of Alkynes. Part 8.
Substituent Effects in the Acethoxymercuriation of Diarylethynes”, Main Group Metal Chemistry, 20, 301-312 (1997).
Paolo De Maria, Antonella Fontana and Giorgio Cerichelli,”Keto-Enol Interconversion of 2-Phenylacetylthiophene”, J.
Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans.2, 2329-2334 (1997).
19
- Giorgio Cerichelli and Giovanna Mancini, “NMR Techniques applied to Micellar Systems”, Curr. Opin. Coll.
Interface Sci., 2, 641-648 (1997).
- Base or Copper promoted Annulation Reactions of Errore. L'origine riferimento non è stata trovata.Aminohydrazones.
A. Arcadi, O.A. Attanasi, L. De Crescentini, E. Rossi, Tetrahedron Lett. 1997, 38, 2329-2332.
- Sequential Addition/Elimination/Annulation Reactions of 4-Pentynones with Benzylamine and ammonia.
A. Arcadi, E. Rossi, Synlett 1997, 667-668.
- Regio and Stereoselective Synthesis of (E)-4-arylidene/alkenylidene-3-tosyloxazolidin-2-ones through Palladiumcatalyzed Reactions of Aryl Iodides/Vinyl Triflates with propargyl Tosylcarbamates.
A. Arcadi, Synlett 1997, 941-944.
- Synthesis of 1,2,3,5-Substituted Pyrroles through Palladium-Catalyzed Reaction of Ethyl 2-Acetyl-4-Petynoate
Tosylhydrazone with Aryl Iodides.
A. Arcadi, R. Anacardio, G. D’Anniballe, M. Gentile, Synlett 1997, 1315-1317.
- 2-Subtituted-5-acetyl-4-hydroxythiazoles.
A. Arcadi, O.A. Attanasi, L. De Crescentini, B. Guidi, E. Rossi, S. Santeusanio, Gazz. Chim. Italiana 1997, 127,609612.
1998
- Pietro di Profio, Raimondo Germani, Gianfranco Savelli, Giorgio Cerichelli, Marco Chiarini, Giovanna Mancini,
Clifford A. Bunton, and Nicholas D. Gillit. "Effects of Headgroup Strucuture on the Incorporation of Anions into
Sulfobetaine Micelles. Kinetics and Physical Evidence." Langmuir 14 (1998) 2662-2669.
- E. Fantauzzi, S. Baccella, A. Lepidi, F. Vegliò, M. Chiarini, G. Cerichelli, L. Toro, “Development of a chemical and
biological treatment of alkaline industrial waste waters: a preliminary study” Fresenius Envir. Bull. 7 (1998) 934-950
- B. De Santis, A. L. Iamiceli, R. Marini Bettolo, L. M. Migneco, R. Scarpelli, G. Cerichelli, G. Fabrizi, D. Lamba,
“On the Diastereoselectivity of the Aqueous-Acid-Catalized Intramolecular Aldol Condensation of 3Oxocyclohexaneacetaldehydes.” Helv. Chim. Acta 1998; 81, 2375-2387.
- Ethyl N-(o-Ehynyl) malonoanilide as a Useful Building Block for the Preparation of 3,4-Disubstituted-2(1H)quinolones, 3,4-Disubstituted- and 2,3,4-Trisubstituted-quinolines.
A. Arcadi, S. Cacchi, G. Fabrizi, F. Manna, P. Pace, Synlett 1998, 446-448.
- Synthesis of functionalised Furans and Pyrroles through Annulation Reactions of 4-Pentynones.
A. Arcadi, E. Rossi, Tetrahedron 1998, 15253-15273
L. Brinchi, R. Germani, G. Savelli, N. Spreti, R. Ruzziconi and C.A. Bunton. “Effects of association colloids on
elimination from 1,2-dihalo-1,2-diphenylethanes. The role of surfactant structure”. Langmuir, 14, 2656-2661 (1998)
L.Brinchi, P.Di Profio, R. Germani, G. Savelli, N. Spreti and C.A. Bunton. “The effects of micellar head group
structure on the spontaneous hydrolysis of methyl naphtalene-2-sulphonate. The role of perchlorate ion”. J. Chem.
Soc. Perkin Trans. 2, 361-364 (1998).
G. Marcozzi, C. Di Domenico, N. Spreti. “Effects of surfactants on the stabilization of the bovine lactoperoxidase
activity”. Biotechnology Progress, 14, 653-656 (1998).
1999
- Borocci, S., Mancini, G., Cerichelli, G., Luchetti, L., "Conformational Behavior of Aqueous Micelles of Sodium NDodecanoyl-L-prolinate" Langmuir; 1999; 15, 2627-2630;
- Cerichelli, G., Luchetti, L., Mancini, G., Savelli, G., "Cyclizations of 2-(-ω-Bromoalkyloxy)phenoxide Ions in
Dicationic Surfactants" Langmuir; 1999; 15, 2631-2634.
20
.- Pyrido[3,4-c]Thiazoles through Combined Palladium-Catalysed Coupling of 2-Substituted-5-Acetyl-4thiazolyltriflates with Alkynes/Annulation Reactions. A. Arcadi, O.A. Attanasi, B. Guidi, E. Rossi, S. Santeusanio,
Chemistry Letters 1999, 59-60.
- Synthesis and in Vitro and in Vivo Evalaution of 2-(6’-Methoxy-3’,4’-Dihydroxy)-4H-Benzoxazin-4-one as a New
Potent Substrate Inhibitor of Human Leukocyte Elastase.A. Arcadi, C. Asti, L. Brandolini, G. Caselli, F. Marinelli, V.
Ruggieri, Biorganic & Med. Chem. Lett. 1999, 9, 1291-1294.
- Palladium-Catalysed Cyclocarbonylation of o-Ethynylphenols and Vinyl Trfiflates to Form 3-Alkylidene-2coumaranones.
A. Arcadi, S.Cacchi, G.Fabrizi, L.Moro, Eur.J.Org.Chem., 1999, 1137-1141.
- A New Approach to 2,3-Disubstituted-Benzo[b]furans from o-Alkynylphenols
Iodocyclisation/Palladium-Catalysed Reactions.
A. Arcadi, S. Cacchi, G. Fabrizi, F. Marinelli, L. Moro, Synlett, 1999, 1432-1435.
via
5-endo-dig
- Synthesis of Functionalised Quinolines through Tandem Addition/Annulation Reactions of (2-Aminophenyl)- ynones.
A. Arcadi, F. Marinelli, E.Rossi, Tetrahedron, 1999, 55, 13233-13250.
- 2-Substituted-5-acetyl-4-Thiazolyltriflates as Useful Building Blocks for the Preparation of Functionalised Thiazoles.
A. Arcadi, O.A. Attanasi, B. Guidi, E. Rossi, S. Santeusanio, Eur.J.Org.Chem., 1999, 3117-3126.
- Palladium-Catalysed Hydrovinylation of Vinyl Triflates with Alkynes. An Approach to the Synthesis of 3-Vinyl-5Hfuran-2-ones.
A. Arcadi, S. Cacchi, G. Fabrizi, F. Marinelli, P. Pace, Eur.J.Org.Chem. 1999, 3305-3313.
N. Spreti, F. Alfani, M. Cantarella, F. D’Amico, R. Germani, G. Savelli. Chymotrypsin superactivity in aqueous
solutions of cationic surfactants”. J. Molec. Catalysis B: Enzymatic, 6, 99-110 (1999).
F. De Angelis, R. Nicoletti, N. Spreti and F. Verì. “A new in-vitro model of lignin biosynthesis”. Angew. Chem. Int.
Ed., 38, 1283-1285 (1999)
. Alfani, M. Cantarella, D. Cifoni, N. Spreti, R. Germani and G. Savelli. “Stabilization of acid phosphatase in
DDDACl/n-butyl acetate reverse micelles”. Bioprocess Engineering, 21, 13-19 (1999).
2000
- Baccella S., Cerichelli G., Chiarini M., Ercole C., Fantauzzi E., Lepidi A., Toro L., Vegliò F., “Biological treatment
of alkaline industrial waste waters” Proc. Biochem., 2000; 35, 595-602.
- Cerichelli G., Mancini G. “Role of Counterions in the Solubilization of Benzene by Cetyltrimethylammonium
Aggregates. A Multinuclear NMR Investigation” Langmuir, 16, 182-187, 2000.
- Cerichelli G., C. La Mesa, L. Luchetti, G. Mancini. (2000). Role of Counterions in the Catalytic Activity and Phase
Equilibria of Phosphonium Salts in Water. Langmuir. vol. 16, pp. 166-171, 2000.
- A. Arcadi, G. Cerichelli, M. Chiarini, S. Di Giuseppe, F. Marinelli; “Sequential alkylation/transitino metal catalysed
annulation reaction of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds with propargyl bromide” Tetraedron Lett. (2000), 41, 9195-8
- GNO Collaboration: M. Altmann, M. Balata, P. Belli, E. Bellotti, R. Bernabei, E. Burkert, C. Cattadori, G. Cerichelli,
M. Chiarini, M. Cribier, S. d’Angelo, G. Del Re, K.H. Ebert, F.v. Feilitzsch, N. Ferrari, W. Hampel, J. Handt, E.
Henrich, G. Heusser, J. Kiko, T. Kirsten, T. Lachenmaier, J. Lanfranchi, M. Laubenstein, D. Motta, W. Rau, H.
Richter, S. Wanninger,M. Wojcik, L. Zanotti “GNO solar neutrino observations: results for GNO I” Physics Letters B
(2000) 490, 16–26
- Palladium-Catalyzed Arylation of α-Methylene-γ−Butyrolactone:3-Benzylfuran-2(5H)-ones vs. (Z)-Benzylidene-γButyrolactones and their Reduction to 3-Benzyl-γ-Butyrolactones.
A. Arcadi, M. Chiarini, F. Marinelli, Z. Berente, L. Kollàr, Organic letters, 2000, 2, 69-72.
21
- The Palladium-Catalysed Reaction of o-alkynyltrifluoroacetanilides with Alkyl halides. An Entry into 2-Substituted 3alkylindoles.
A.Arcadi, S. Cacchi, G. Fabrizi, F. Marinelli, Synlett 2000, 393-395.
- Synthesis of 2-Acyl- and 2-Ethoxycarbonyl-3-alkylindoles from o-alkynyltrifluoroacetanilides.
A. Arcadi, S. Cacchi, G. Fabrizi, F. Marinelli, Synlett 2000, 647-650.
- 1,2-Diaza-1,3-butadienes as Powerful Tools in the Synthesis of New 1,6-Dithia-4,9-diazaspiro[4,4]non-2-enes and 1Oxa-6-thia-4,9-diazaspiro[4,4]non-7-enes.
A. Arcadi, O.A. Attanasi, B. Guidi, E. Rossi, S. Santeusanio, Synlett 2000, 1464-1467.
- The Palladium-Catalyzed Hydroarylation and Hydrovinylation of 3-(o-Acetoxyphenyl)Benzoyloxyphenyl)propynols. A Route to 4-Aryl- and 4-Vinyl-2,2-dimethyl-3-chromenes.
A. Arcadi, S. Cacchi, G. Fabrizi, F. Marinelli, P. Pace, Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 4099-4118.
and
3-(o-
G. Savelli, N. Spreti, P. Di Profio. “Enzyme activity and stability control by amphiphilic self organizing systems in
aqueous solutions”. Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science, 5, 111-117 (2000).
F. Alfani, M. Cantarella, N. Spreti, R. Germani and G. Savelli. “Errore. L'origine riferimento non è stata
trovata.-Chymotrypsin superactivity in cetyltrialkylammonium bromide rich media”. Appl. Biochem. Biotech., 88,
1-15 (2000).
L. Brinchi, P. Di Profio, R. Germani, G. Savelli, N. Spreti and C.A. Bunton. “The Hammett equation and micellar
effects upon SN2 reactions of methyl benzenesulfonates. The role of micellar polarity”. Eur. J. Org. Chem., 23, 38493854 (2000).
2001
- A. Maldotti, L. Andreotti, A. Molinari, G. Varani, G. Cerichelli, M. Chiarini “Photocatalytic properties of iron
porphyrins revisited in aqueous micellar environment: oxygenation of alkenes and reductive degradation of carbon
tetrachloride” Green Chem., (2001), 1 42-46.
- Giorgio Cerichelli “ Water and Soap as a Synthetic Tool “ in GREEN CHEMISTRY SERIES - Collection of Lectures
of the Summer Schools on Green Chemistry - Venice 1999, 2000, 2001. Editor: P. Tundo - ISBN 88 88214 00 3- 105111 (2001).
- Synthesis of Functionalised Pyrazolones and Imidazolines/Imidazoles through Divergent Annulation Reactions.
G. Abbiati, A. Arcadi, O. A. Attanasi, L. De Crescentini, E. Rossi, Tetrahedron 2001, 57, 2031-2038.
- Palladium- Catalysed Functionalisation at 4- and 6-Position of the 7-Azaindole System.
M. Allegretti, A. Arcadi, F. Marinelli, L. Nicolini, Synlett, 2001, 609-613.
- Concise Synthesis of Fused Polycyclic Quinolines.
E. Rossi, G. Abbiati, A. Arcadi, F. Marinelli, Tetrahedron Lett., 2001, 42, 3705-3708.
- The Palladium-Catalysed Vinylic Subtitution of Aryl/Vinyl Iodides and Triflates with α-Methylene-γ-butyrolactones.
An Application to the Synthesis of 3-Allkyl-γButyrolactones through Combined Palladium-Catalysed
Coupling/Hydrogenation Reactions.
A. Arcadi, M. Chiarini, F. Marinelli, Z. Berente, L. Kollàr, Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 3165-3173.
- Gold-Catalysed Sequential Amination/Annulation Reactions of 2-Propynyl-1,3-dicarbonyl Compounds.
A. Arcadi, S. Di Giuseppe, F. Marinelli, E. Rossi, Adv. Synth. Catal. 2001, 343, 443-446.
- Preparation of 2,5-Disubstituted Oxazoles from N-Propargylamides.
A. Arcadi, S. Cacchi, L. Cascia, G. Fabrizi, F. Marinelli, Organic Letters 2001, 3, 2501-2504.
- Indole[1,2-c]quinazolines by Palladium-Catalysed Cyclization of Bis(o-trifluoracetamidophenyl) acetylene with aryl
and Vinyl Halides or Triflates.
Arcadi, S. Cacchi, A. Cassetta, G. Fabrizi, L.M. Parisi, Synlett 2001, 1605-1608.
22
- Conversion of Homochiral Amines and α-Aminoesters to Their Chiral 1,2,3,5-Substituted Pyrrole Derivatives via
Gold-Catalysed
Amination/Annulation
Reactions
of
2-Propynyl-1,3-dicarbonyls.
A. Arcadi, S. Di Giuseppe, F. Marinelli, E. Rossi, Tetrahedron Asymmetry 2001, 12, 2715-2720.
N. Spreti, S. Reale, G. Amicosante, P.Di Profio, R. Germani and G. Savelli. “Infleunce of sulfobetaines on the stability
of the Citrobacter diversus ULA-27 lactamase”. Biotechnology Progress, 17, 1008-1013 (2001).
N. Spreti, P. Di Profio, L. Brinchi, L. Marte, S. Bufali and G. Savelli. “Activation of -chymotrypsin by cationic
additives”. Eur. J. Biochem., 268, 6491-6497 (2001).
I-3
Appendix 2
Ranking Scientific Journals
Years included: 1997-2001
Name of Journal Number
Articles
Langmuir
7
of Journal
Factor
3.045
J Chem Soc Perk 2
T2
Tetrahedron lett. 3
2.558
Green Chemistry
1
2.111
Helv Cim Acta
1
2.209
Phys Lett B
1
0.849
Main
Group 1
Metal Chemistry
0.628
Process Biochem
1
0.744
Environ 1
0.277
Fresn
Bull
Synlett
1.770
10
2.763
Tetrahedron
3
2.356
Organic Letters
2
3.367
TerahedronAsymmetry
Eur J Org Chem
1
2.245
7
2.150
Biorg Med Chem 1
Lett
Biotechnology
2
Progress
1.927
1.897
Impact Field
Chemistry,
Physical
Organic
Chemistry
Organic
Chemistry
Chemistry,
Multidisciplinary
Chemistry,
Multidisciplinary
Physic,
Multidisciplinary
Chemistry
Chemistry,
Inorganic
&
nuclear
Biochemistry &
Molecular
Biology
Environmental
Sciences
Organic
Chemistry
Organic
Chemistry
Organic
Chemistry
Organic
Chemistry
Organic
Chemistry
Organic
Chemistry
Biotechnology
&Applied
Microbiology
Ranking
13/91
21/48
11/48
19/118
18/118
15/48
28/38
245/310
110/127
9/48
13/48
6/48
8/48
15/48
16/48
35/133
23
J.
Molec. 1
Catalysis
B:
Enzymatic
Angew. Chem. Int. 1
Ed.
Bioprocess
1
Engineering
1.488
Chemistry,
Physical
44/91
8.547
5/118
Current Opinion 2
in Colloid &
Interface Science
Appl.
Biochem. 1
Biotech.
2.500
Chemistry,
Multidisciplinary
Biotechnology
&Applied
Microbiology
Chemistry,
Physical
0.673
0.843
88/133
19/91
Biotechnology
75/133
&Applied
Microbiology
Eur. J. Biochem. 1
2.852
Biochemistry & 99/308
Molecular
Biology
Chemistry
1
1.633
Chemistry
27/118
Letters
Multidisciplinary
It is worth note that of the published papers reported in this table 56% have a ranking equal or better than 23%; 35%
are in the ranking range 26 - 48% and only 9% of the publications have a ranking ranging between 56% and 87%
24
AQUILA 2
(In Italian and English)
AQUILA 2
Analisi Chimica Ambientale
Environmental Chemical Analysis
University:
Università dell’Aquila
University of L’Aquila
Faculty:
Research Leader
(The name of the person in charge of the research
programme of the unit)
Prof. Pietro Mazzeo
Contact Person
(The name and address of the person who will act as
liaison between the unit and the INCA-Secretariat)
Please specify:
Name Prof. Pietro Mazzeo
Mailing Address Dipartimento di Chimica- Via Vetoio67010-Coppito (L’Aquila)
Phone 0862-433759
Fax
0862-433753
E-mail [email protected]
Scienze MM. FF. NN.
Natural Sciences
Department:
Dipartimento di Chimica, Ingegneria Chimica e Materiali
Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and
Materials
Thematic area
• Tecnologie innovative di monitoraggio
• Chimica degli ecosistemi (chimica del suolo, delle
acque e dell’aria; impatto dei prodotti di sintesi
sull’ambiente).
The Unit
No significant change has taken place.
1
Title
Determination of toxic residuals in the environment and in foods.
1.Research Leader
Prof. Pietro Mazzeo
2a
(For Units with sub-programmes. If the programme contains separate units or sub-programmes, please explain the
organisational structure of the unit)
25
3
Names and Titles
Year of Rank
Birth
Prof. Pietro Mazzeo
Dr. Irma Paris
Dr. Fabrizio Ruggieri
1935
1975
1975
Full professor
PhD-student
PhD-student
Research
Input in fte
in 2001
0.5
1.0
1.0
2.7
Remarks
Since 1984
Since 2000
Since 2001
Comments
It is very probable in the following 5 years the attainment of a job of researcher as substitution of the previous
researcher (G. Carlucci), actually associated professor near an other University.
4
Category
Full Professors
Ricercatori
Post-docs
PhD-students
Borsisti
Total
1997
0.5
1998
.5
1999
.5
2000
.5
2001
.5
Total
2.5
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.6
3.8
1.0
1.0
1.4
1.0
4.4
2.3
2.3
2.7
2.1
10.7
1.3
Comments
The our research group from 2001 is lacking in a researcher (G. Carlucci), actually associated professor near an other
University.
5
Funding
5.1
Personnel (in fte)
Source
University
CNR
European Union
Other Sponsors
Total
5.2
*
1998
1999
2000
1.0
2001
0.5
1.0
0.5
2000
2001
Total
1.5
Source
University - MURST
CNR
EU
Other Sponsors
Total
5.3
1997
1997
1998
144
144
1999
10
Total
144
10
10
154
Comments:
On the figures
• On the funding policy
The actual perspectives for future fundings from the University and MURST are very poor. This situation will
influence very negatively the future activity of our research group.
26
6.
Progress Report
6.1
Progress analysis
The main objective of our research group is aimed at providing very reliable analytical methods for the determination
of toxic residuals in the environment and in foods.
The more important result obtained since the 1998 has been the transfer to the new research sector of the previous
competences achieved in the fied of the chemical pharmaceutical analysis.
6.2
The position of our research group within INCA is necessarily and strictly connected to the possibility of future
fundings.
1.3Key Publications
1) G. Carlucci- Analysis of fluoroquinolones in biological fluids by HPLC- J. Chromatogr. A, 812, 343-367 (1998)
2) G. Carlucci, P. Mazzeo, S. Guadagni, G. Palumbo- Mitomycin C in biological fluids: comparison of disk and
cartridge solid-phase extraction and quantitation by HPLC in human plasma and ultrafiltrate- Chromatographia, 50,
561-564 (1999)
3) G. Carlucci, G. Palumbo, P. Mazzeo, M.G. Quaglia- Simultaneous determination of losartan and hydrochlorothiazide
in tablets by high-performance liquid chromatography- J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 23, 185-189 (2000)
4) G. Carlucci, V. Di Carlo, P. Mazzeo- Simultaneous determination of valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide in tablets by
high-performance liquid chromatography- Anal. Lett., 33, 2491-2500 (2000)
5) G. Carlucci, P. Mazzeo, S. Del Governatore, G. Di Giacomo, G. Del Re- Liquid chromatographic method for the
analysis of tocopherols in malt sprouts with supercritical fluid extraction- J. Chromatogr. A, 935, 87-91 (2001)
7.
Scientific Output
7.1
Publication Policy
Our publications in the considered period are still primarily in the field of the pharmaceutical analytical chemistry and
on scientific journals with satisfactory ranking and impact factor.
The results of the studies in the field of the environmental analytical chemistry are object of some publications in press.
7.2
Numerical data
Category
PhD-Dissertations
1997
1998
1999
2000
1
2001
Total
1
1
1
3
2
1
8
1
2
Master’s Theses
8
1
Self-evaluation
The scientific activity of our research group, by taking into consideration the extreme restriction of the number of
components and, since 1999, of fundings, is, all things considered, enough satisfactory.
Our weakest point is the very limited scientific production in the field of the environmental analytical chemistry, which
actually is the sector towards whom are concentrated our efforts.
Appendix I
Scientific Output
I-1
27
I.1.1 Dissertations
Year
Name PhD-student
2000
Valeria Di Carlo
I.1.2
Master's Thesis
Year
Name Master’s student Title of the Dissertation
1999
Mauro Malatesta
2001
Fabrizio Ruggieri
I-2
Oxygen and pH microelctrodes realization for applications
in the environmental analytical chemistry field
Validation of a chromatographic method for the
simultaneous determination of two active ingredients
in antihypertensive drugs
Stratigraphic and geochemical study of clastic sediments
of the Grotte di Stiffe karst system
Supervisor
Prof. Pietro Mazzo
Supervisor
Dr. Giuseppe Carlucci
Prof. Pietro Mazzeo
1997
1) G. Carlucci, P. Mazzeo- Finasteride in biological fluids: extraction and separation by a graphitized carbon black
cartridge and quantification by high-performance liquid chromatography- J. Chromatogr. B, 693, 245-248 (1997)
1998
1) G. Carlucci- Analysis of fluoroquinolones in biological fluids by HPLC- J. Chromatogr. A, 812, 343-367 (1998)
1999
1) G. Carlucci, P. Mazzeo, S. Guadagni, G. Palumbo- Mitomycin C in biological fluids: comparison of disk and
cartridge solid-phase extraction and quantitation by HPLC in human plasma and ultrafiltrate- Chromatographia, 50,
561-564 (1999)
2) F. Amicarelli, A. Gasbarri, L. Masciocco, A. Pompili, C. Pacitti, G. Carlucci, G. Palumbo, M. Miranda- The effect of
instriatal injection of liposome-entrapped tyrosinase on the dopamine levels in the rat brain- Cellular and Molecular
Biology, 45, 1093-1097 (1999)
3) D. Compagnone, V. Di Carlo, L. Bruno, P. Albertano, G. Palleschi- Development of oxygen microsensors for
monitoring cyanobacterial photosynthesis in Roman hypogea- Anal. Lett., 32, 213-222 (1999) *
2000
1) G. Carlucci, G. Palumbo, P. Mazzeo, M.G. Quaglia- Simultaneous determination of losartan and hydrochlorothiazide
in tablets by high-performance liquid chromatography- J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 23, 185-189 (2000)
2) G. Carlucci, V. Di Carlo, P. Mazzeo- Simultaneous determination of valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide in tablets by
high-performance liquid chromatography- Anal. Lett., 33, 2491-2500 (2000)
2001
1) G. Carlucci, P. Mazzeo, S. Del Governatore, G. Di Giacomo, G. Del Re- Liquid chromatographic method for the
analysis of tocopherols in malt sprouts with supercritical fluid extraction- J. Chromatogr. A, 935, 87-91 (2001) *
I-3
I-4
28
Appendix 2
Appendix 3
Name of the Unit:
Research Director:
Years included
Name of Journal
AQUILA 2......................
Prof. Pietro Mazzeo.......................
1997-2001
J. Chromatogr. A
Number
Articles
2
J. Chromatogr. B
J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal.
Chromatographia
Anal. Lett.
Cell. Mol. Biol.
1
1
1
2
1
of Journal
Factor
2.551
1.802
1.013
1.619
0.968
0.97
Impact Field(s)
Ranking
10/65
20/65
41/65
22/65
42/65
29
BARI
BARI 1
Unita’ “Utilizzazione CO2”
Unit “CO2 Utilisation”
University:
Universià degli Studi di Bari
University of Bari
Faculty:
Facoltà di Scienze
Faculty of Sciences
Department:
Dipartimento di Chimica e Centro di Ricerche METEA
Department of Chemistry and METEA Research Centre
Research Leader
Prof. Michele Aresta
Contact Person
Please specify:
Name
Dr. Angela Dibenedetto
Mailing Address Dipartimento di Chimica
Università degli Studi di Bari
Campus Universitario
70126 Bari
Phone
+39 080 544 2084
Fax
+39 080 544 2083
E-mail
[email protected]
Thematic area
1.Sintesi ecosostenibili (solventi, fotochimica,
catalisi, riciclo e altre).
2.Tecnologie biologiche enzimatiche e
biomimetiche per le sintesi ecosostenibili e la
3.Catalisi eterogenea
ecosostenibili
e
la
ambientale.
per le sintesi
decontaminazione
4.Tecnologie di depurazione (membrane,
sonochimica, fotocatalisi, elettrochimica ed
altre).
The University of Bari is the fifth largest in Italy, with 75000 students, 11 Faculties and 1200 teaching staff. The
Faculty of Natural Sciences gathers 8 degrees (Chemistry, Biology, Natural Sciences, Mathematics, Physics,
Informatics, Geology, Environmental Sciences) and ca. 8000 students. The Chemistry Department, to which the
teaching staff of the Unit belongs, gathers over 60 Professors and Researchers, and 20 PhD students. The University of
Bari also operates in Taranto with five Faculties (Economics, Legislation, Literature, Medicine, Natural Sciences) and
Prof. Aresta is Pro-Rector for the Taranto seat.
In the past, Prof. Aresta has served as Director of the Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and of the Department of
Chemistry, and as Dean of the Faculty of Environmental Sciences. He also was Co-ordinator of the Committee for the
organisation of Departments and Interdepartmental Centres. He was Member of the Administration Council and
Delegate of the Rector for International Programmes. He is now serving as Pro-Rector for the Taranto seat and Director
of the Interdepartmental Research Centre on “Environmental Methodologies and Technologies, METEA”, that gathers
25 Professors from different disciplinary areas (Chemistry, Biology, Ecology, Economics, Geology, Legislation,
Mathematics). Such Centre is leading several EU, National and Regional Programmes, and bilateral Conventions
supported by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Russia, Kazakhstan, Brazil) with a budget of over 600 kEuros per year.
The Unit
30
The composition of the Unit is categorised below.
Prof.
Michele
Aresta,
Prof.
Eugenio
Quaranta,
Prof.
Immacolata
Tommasi,
Dr. Angela Dibenedetto, Junior Researcher
Full
Associate
Associate
Professor
Professor
Professor
Within the Department of Chemistry, the Unit has a close co-operation with the Group of Prof. P. Giannoccaro and M.
Gargano, who participate in the National Research Project leaded by Prof. M. Aresta on "Strategies for innovative
synthetic methodologies".
Each Professor has a teaching duty of at least 120 h/y, while Dr. Dibenedetto teaches Laboratory courses for 90 h/y.
Courses are tought within different disciplinary areas: Biology, Biotechnnology, Chemistry, Environmental Sciences.
In addition to courses for freshmen, specilaistic coures are delivered as: Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, Biotechnology
for Fine Chemistry, Envorinmental Biotechnologies, Recovery and Recycling of Materials, Chemical Treatment of
Waste, Physical Methods in Inorganic Chemistry, Special Techniques in Inorganic Chemistry.
Each Member of the Unit is leader of a Research Theme and of the relevant Project(s), the Co-ordination is duty of
Prof. M. Aresta, who also leads a specific Research Theme.
Funds are assigned and used per Project.
Two PhD Students belong to the Unit, and each year 6 to 8 undergraduate students work at their Thesis Project within
the Unit. Students from EU Universities, Russia,Brazil, Poland also join the Unit for short term formation (3 to 6
months) within EU Programmes (Socrates, Leonardo, BRITE, etc) or for long term formation within PhD programmes
co-funded by the University and the Ministry.At the moment, two French students (3 m, Socrates Programme) and two
Russian students (1 y, bilateral Convention funded by the Ministry) work at the Laboratory,
The Unit is also engaged in High Formation Programmes funded by the University and local Authorities, mainly in the
area of Environmental Methodologies and Technologies. A Master in this disciplinary area is also leaded by the Unit.
The Unit closely co-operates with Institutes of the National Research Council, namely ICOMC and the
"Thalassographic Institute", on themes relevant to clean synthetic methodologies,water and sediment depollution, and
chemical utilization of algae. Prof. M. Aresta is Director of the latter Institute.
1
Title
The main research activity is carried out in the area:
“The chemistry of complex molecular systems: control of the selectivity and conversion.”
2
Research Leader
2a
New synthetic strategies for the synthesis of complex molecular compounds, Prof. M. Aresta
Biotechnologies for Fine Chemistry, Prof. I. Tommasi (EU Project and INCA Project)
Synthesis of new homogeneous catalysts, Prof. E. Quaranta (INCA Project)
Energy from marine biomass, Dr. A. Dibenedetto (CNR Project)
Synthesis of organic carbonates, Prof. M. Aresta (linear), Dr. A. Dibenedetto (cyclic) (MIUR Porject and EU BRITE
Project)
Soil Remediation, Prof. M. Aresta (INCA Project and PON Project)
3
Names and Titles
Year of Rank
Birth
Prof. M. Aresta
Prof. E. Quaranta
Prof. I. Tommasi
Dr. A. Dibenedetto
1940
1957
1963
1968
Co-ordinator
Project leader
Project leader
Project leader
Research
Input in fte
in 2001
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.7
2.4
Remarks
New synthetic strategies
New Catalysts
Biotechnology
Renewable energy, After 1993
31
No major changes are expected in the very near future. In five years, it is expected that a Full Professor and an
Associate Professor join the Group.
4
Category
Full Professors
Associate Professors
Researchers
Post-docs
PhD-students
Contracts
Total
•
•
•
Funding
5.1
Personnel (in fte)
Source
University
CNR
European Union
Other Sponsors
Total
1
1
2.7
2.7
1999
0.5
0.5
0.7
1
2000
0.5
0.5
1.4
2
1
2.7
5.4
2001
0.5
1
0.7
2
2
5*
11.2
Total
2.5
3
4.2
5
5
5*
24.7
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2
Total
2
1
1
1
1
1
6
9
3
6
11
1999
75
10
50
25
160
2000
85
44
50
26
205
2001
85
Total
380
74
240
329
1023
Source
University - MURST
CNR
EU
Other Sponsors
Total
5.3
1998
0.5
0.5
0.7
This personnel is under contract within INCA projects. Their contracts will expire October 2002.
Post Docs are charged to Projects funded by the Ministry or EU.
Other Junior Scientists are contracted on Projects with local Authorities (see below).
5
5.2
1997
0.5
0.5
0.7
1997
60
10
40
25
135
1998
75
10
50
25
160
50
228
363
Comments:
1.On the figures
Figures include only funding of projects relevant to the Research discussed in this presentation. As said before,
the Unit is involved in other activities which are not relevant to Innovative Syntheses.
The Table also includes funding received by INCA for two Projects within the L 488 “Piano INCA”, Cluster
Ambiente Terrestre in 2001.
2.On the funding policy
The University funding includes funds received from the Ministry and the University of Bari. The former through a
research Programme called “Programma di Interesse Nazionale”, the latter through the direct funding of Research
Programmes by the University. The local Regional authorities have also funded a Project of the value of 2 MEuros.
Such funding was for an activity that is not relevant to the Research discussed here. In fact, it was intended for
planning the Regional network for the control of the atmosphere.
Also the Unit was Contractor with EU for a BRITE Project of the value of 1 MEuros. Also this Project was outside
the research reported here. Such Projects are multidisciplinary Projects managed by METEA.
6.
Progress Report
6.1
Mission Statement
32
The Unit is involved since long time in the development of innovative syntheses that respond to the principles of ecoefficiency, through waste reduction at source, energy minimization, atom efficiency, carbon recycling. Such activity has
been performed through national and international programmes. The Unit develops such Programme through the
preparation of new catalysts, their use in innovative syntheses, avoiding the use of toxic chemicals, with minimization
of the amount of organic solvents by solvent shift, and the use of biocatalysts. One of the key issues in the research
Programme is the capture and reuse of carbon dioxide as a source of carbon for chemicals. The utilization of carbon
dioxide in synthetic chemistry has been for years the main subject of the research of this Unit. Confined at the very
beginning to the role of “curiosity”, this approach has recently been considered at the EU level as a strategy for adding
value to recovered carbon dioxide, that may make economically viable the capture of CO2 from flue gases and its
disposal in natural sinks. The work made during the last years by this Unit has been fully recognized at the international
level and appreciated. Prof. M. Aresta has been invited to be Co-Chairman of the Symposium on Carbon Dioxide
Utilization yearly organized since 1998 by the Fuel Division of the American Chemical Society. He is also Member of
the Scientific Committee of the International Conference on “Greenhouse Gases Technologies, GHGT” managed by
IEA-Paris, and Permanent Secretary of the International Conference on “Utilization of Carbon Dioxide”.
The approach to problem solving of the Unit results to be an integration of chemical and biochemical strategies. The
Unit has recently developed two new biotechnological syntheses carried out by supported enzymes: the synthesis of 4OH-benzoic acid and a trans-methylation reaction, that represent quite unique data in the literature. This research has
been funded by the Italian Ministry of the University, Italian Industries, the University of Bari and the EU, through
targeted Projects.
During the last two years, the Unit also had a key role in INCA Projects as Co-ordinator of a Project on “Soil
Remediation”, and partner in two more Projects “Treatment of Industrial water” and “Green chemistry”, within the
Piano INCA, L488.
Besides this activity, that represents its main area of interest, the Unit has also completed a number of Projects much
more oriented to solving practical problems of relevance for local Authorities (Region, Province). Such Projects, that
represent an important financial source for the Unit, nevertheless do not represent an important source of scientific
publications, mainly because the results are property of local Authorities and are not within the scope of the
International Chemical literature. However, such Projects represent important means for the formation of young PostGraduates or Post-Docs and getting them close to solving practical problems. More than fifteen JS were formed in two
years in areas like: atmosphere monitoring, use of fixed and mobile control devices, modelling pollutant dispersion,
planning a Regional control centre, etc.
Another important part of the Research Programme of the Unit are the Environmental Technologies applied either to
soil depollution or to water treatment. These research themes have been developed within the INCA programmes
funded by the Ministry, L488.
However, the research interests of this Unit are spread over different disciplinary areas (Chemistry, Biotechnology,
Environmental Sciences) with a different degree of application, from basic research to applied research.
6.2
The Research Programme
Research outputs of the Unit will be presented per sector of activity.
1. New synthetic strategies for the synthesis of complex molecular compounds.
This activity, funded by the Ministry of the University (MIUR) and the University of Bari (UoB), is devoted to the
development of new synthetic strategies that produce chemicals of industrial interest (carbonates, carbamates,
isocyanates, carboxylates) by routes alternative to the existing ones. Key issue in this research is the implementation of
the principles of:
3.atom economy,
4.waste reduction at source
5.use of non toxic species
6.solvent shift
7.direct syntheses with energy-consumption reduction
8.recycling of carbon.
Interesting results were obtained in all areas by using carbon dioxide as source of carbon for the direct
carboxylation of organic compounds as amines, alcohol, olefins. Part of this research was carried out in
cooperation with Industries and ENIChem owns a patent on the use of organic carbonates for the synthesis of
carbamates of toluendiamine (TDA) and methylenedianiline (MDA) that are used for the synthesis of TDI and
MDI, starting products for the synthesis of polymers. (Eq. 1a-b)
33
CH3
CH3
CH3
NH2
N=C=O
NHC(O)OPh/Me
∆
NH2
1a
N=C=O
NHC(O)OPh/Me
TDA
TDI
H2N
CH2
Me/Ph(O)CHN
NH2
CH2
NHC(O)OPh/Me
∆
MDA
O=C=N
1b
CH2
N=C=O
MDI
Quite interesting results were also obtained in the application of the oxidative carboxylation of olefins, that allows
to convert in one pot an olefin into the relevant carbonate by reaction with dioxygen and carbon dioxide. (Eq. 2)
+ 1/2 O2 + CO2
cat
O
C
O
O
This methodology prevents the use of phosgene and has a great potential, supposed that more active catalysts are
discovered that may better address the selectivity and yield issues. Of particular interest are the results obtained
with the synthesis of optically active carbonates, by carboxylation of optically active epoxides. (Eq. 3)
R
R
O
+ CO2
cat
O
C
3
O
O
In this reaction an ee very close to 100% has been obtained. New catalysts are now under study that may drive
reaction 2 to afford optically active carbonates. These topics are specific contributions of the Unit to the scientific
community.
The carboxylation of alcohol is also a topic of great interest that keeps very busy the Unit. We have discovered
new catalysts able to drive the reaction depicted in Eq. 4 that is still under study in order to address both
thermodynamic and kinetic issues.
O
CO 2 + 2 ROH
RO
OR
+ H 2O
4
The carboxylation of phenol to afford at room temperature, with 100% selectivity, 4-OH-benzoic acid (Eq. 5)
has been achieved by using, for the first time, a supported carboxylation enzyme extracted from anaerobic bacteria.
34
OH
OH
OH
Enzyme
P 2O 5
NaOH
5
CO2
COOH
Similarly, a supported demethylation enzyme was used for driving at room temperature a transmethylation
reaction, a brandly new process, not yet described in the literature. (Eq. 6)
OCH3
OH
R
Enzyme
CH3
O
+
R
6
+
OH
Cobalamin
Supercritical carbon dioxide has been used as solvent and reagent for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates (Eq. 7), a
reaction driven by ad hoc designed catalysts formed by metal complexes bearing perfluorurated ligands.
O
cat
O + SC-CO2
O
C
O
7
O
O +
In ionic liquids a new very selective (99%) dimerization of methylacrylate has been achieved to afford C-6 units
useful for the synthesis of polymers.
New functionalized amines have been discovered for the capture of carbon dioxide from gas mixtures, a practice
useful for CO2 recovery from flue gases.
Besides these synthetic results, new catalysts have been prepared and used, among which we want to emphasise the
so called “mixed anhydrides”, biomimetic systems ale to drive carboxylation reactions under very mild conditions.
Their general structure is given in Eq. 8 and compared with analogues active in Nature.
O
-
O
P
O
O
C
X
-
O
Y
O
P
O
O
C
OR
Enzyme carboxyphosphate
Also, a very interesting activity of carbon dioxide as catalysts has been discovered and described for the carboxylation
of amines. All processed are assessed by Life Cycle Assessment with respect to existing ones.
2. Energy from marine biomass
This topic is the core of two Projects, funded by the EU and CNR, aimed at assessing the potential of utilisation of
marine macro-algae as source of chemicals and energetic products in particular. The extraction of target compounds is
made by using Supercritical carbon dioxide or organic solvents or by thermal processes. An assessment of the process,
for evaluating the energetic and economic convenience, is carried out at the same time.
3. Soil remediation
This topic is also matter of study within the INCA Programme. The conversion of PCBs in soil by direct reductive dehalogenation has been carried out by applying mechanochemical processes. The process is clean and direct. (Eq. 9)
C12HxCly + MH
0<x<8 and 2<y<10
C12H10 + MCl
9
35
MH= hydride donor compound (NaH, NaBH4, LiAlH4)
In addition to PCBs, other halogenated compounds can be degraded to afford the relevant hydrocarbons. The
methodology is safe and does not produce toxic derivatives.
Such approach is compared with the thermal desorption of PCBs and their catalytic hydrogenation by using new
heterogeneous catalysts.
Also, bacteria have been isolated from polluted sediments that may convert halogenated compounds and are now under
study.
4. Treatment of industrial water
A continuous process for the treatment of green-water (olive-mill water) has been developed within an INCA
Programme. This process combines aerobic and anaerobic water treatment. The correct evaluation of the water inlet
rate into the reactors has made possible a direct abatement of pollutants (ammonia, phenols, nitrates) in olive-mill
water, without any previous dilution, saving, thus, a large amount of fresh water usually added to green-water.
Also, the metabolic pathway of a number of reference polyphenols has been followed and the mechanism defined.
5. Future perspectives.
The utilization of carbon dioxide will be the core topic of our research for next five years, with the intention of
discovering new mild conditions for its utilisation. Besides carboxylation processes, new applications will be sought,
also in the area of production of energy-rich compounds. Such approach will be based on the use of biosystems as
catalysts or on the use of biomimetic systems.
The use of biotechnology for the production of fine chemicals will be another area of application.
Shifting from organic solvents to supercritical CO2 or to ionic liquids will be evaluated for their environmental
convenience and better performances with respect to existing systems. Also, the use of SC-CO2 as solvent and reagent
will be evaluated with much attention. This Programme will be enforced also with the acquisition of new competence
within the Unit or by new co-operative actions with national and international Groups.
6.3
Position in Networks
As specified above, the co-ordinator of this Unit is at the same time Director of the METEA Research Centre at the
University and Director of the CNR Thalassographic Institute in Taranto. This makes available to the Unit many
contacts and co-operative activities. In general, Chemistry themes are co-ordinated directly by the Unit,
multidisciplinary programmes are co-ordinated by METEA, applied research to water environments is co-ordinated by
the Thalassographic Institute. This makes available a network of competence that is very useful for running complex
projects.
• Intra-university co-operation
Due to the variety of activities in which the Unit is involved as co-ordinator or partner, co-operative programmes with
several Departments and Centres are active. Mostly, the multidisciplinary research is controlled through METEA, to
which the Unit beleongs. The Departments of Computer Science, Geology, Biochemistry, Economics and Legislation,
and Physics are major contacts for the Unit.
• Regional co-operation
The Unit has close relationship with the University of Lecce and the Thalassografic Institute in Taranto. It gives
scientific support to the Province of Taranto and the Apulia Region for solving problems dealing with atmosphere,
water bodies (internal and external water), soil. The Unit is involved in three POR, or Regional Projects with EU cofunding.
• National co-operation (including INCA)
The Unit is co-ordinator of the national Project on Complex Systems, that gathers six Universities. Also a CNR Project
gathers two Universities and a CNR Institute. Within INCA, the Unit is co-ordinator of a National Project on Soil
Remediation and partner in two other Projects, Water Treatment and Green Chemistry. In this way the Unit closely cooperates with Research Groups of over ten Italian Universities, within five Projects. The members of the Unit belong to
INCA, and for academic issues to two other Inter-university Consortia, one of which has a special mission within the
Environmental Sciences curricula.
• International co-operation
The Unit co-operates with Institutions of all EU Countries and, through special programmes or bilateral conventions,
with Switzerland, Poland, Slovakia, Russia, Kazakhstan, Brazil, Japan. The Unit is running two Socrates, two
Leonardo, one BRITE, one COST Project and has two Bilateral Conventions funded by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Some of these Projects are high formation programmes. In 2002 the Unit has promoted and organised the First ItalianBrazil Meeting of Inorganic Chemistry, co-funded by CNR and CNPQ, that will take place in Ouro Preto, Brazil.
36
All co-operations are important for the Unit, as they contribute to the growth of the staff and to their international
reputation. Within INCA the Unit made a great integration effort during last two years, contributing the expertise and
formation experience. The integration of activities was a mutual benefit, and more intense exchanges will be possible in
the future if the Unit will have a role within research Projects funded directly by INCA and if an INCA Laboratory will
be open in Bari at the METEA Centre. This might promote a better integration into INCA. Apart from the three
Projects in which is involved, the Unit took part in several activities organised by INCA, like the school for teachers in
Foligno, the Meeting with Russian Chemists within the INTAS Programme, the Meeting in Tunis, etc. Dr. Dibenedetto
is co-operating with the INCA President for editing of a Book on Green Chemistry.
6.4
The various aspects of the research activity of the Unit are themes that deserve great attention by the international
scientific society. For some of them the Unit is a reference point at the International level. For the Carbon Dioxide
Utilisation issue, the Unit has a world reputation, as demonstrated by the position of Prof. Aresta and his co-workers
within the scientific community, and organisations. The role of co-ordinator that the Unit plays in many programmes,
projects and/or circumstances demonstrates the consideration that the Unit has within the scientific community and the
University.
At the University level, the Unit plays key roles in the Administration and scientific organisation, at the national level is
co-ordinator of several Projects, at the EU level plays important roles for the management and evaluation of projects, at
the international level there is a recognition of the competence and expertise by outstanding scientists (see for example
the recent Review published by Chemical Review with more than 30 Scientists on Carbon Management) and Scientific
Societies (Chairmanship of ACS Symposia). The number of invited papers for special issues of International Journals
dedicated to outstanding Scientists (5 in the last two years), the invited lectures at each major Symposium or
Conference on Carbon Dioxide, the invitation as Visiting Professor within Europe, the number of invited Reviews (four
in the last two years), the number of oral presentations at major International Conferences (7 at ACS 2001, 6 at ACS
2002) clearly indicate the International role of the Unit. The number of contracts with several organisations show the
acceptance of the scientific competence of the Unit. The role played as consultant of public administrations confirms
the reliability and visibility of the Unit. The presence of the Unit in both formation and research international consortia
demonstrates the qualification of the Unit in both fields. The management capability is demonstrated by the prominent
position occupied at the home University and by the role played by the Unit in the management of International
Projects that have gathered up to 35 Institutions. The role of evaluator for EU Projects indicates the confidence of the
scientific and public societies.
6.5
Prof. Aresta has received the Award of the Italian Chemical Society for his work on Carbon Dioxide Utilisation. Dr.
Dibenedetto has received the EU Prize for “An Intelligent Use of Carbon Dioxide Utilisation” granted by the EU and
three EU Industries. Contributions by Aresta and Dibenedetto have been selected for three consecutive years as “best
ten” within ACS Division Symposia.
What reported in previous paragraphs about the role of the Unit and its co-ordinator clarifies the reputation of the
Unit at the International level. Recently, Prof. Aresta and Dr. Dibenedetto have been designated as representative of
Italy within the International Committee for the evaluation of the emission factors of greenhouse gases of IPCC.
7.
Scientific Output
7.1
Publication Policy
The results of the research are published at different levels.
- Dissertations for Graduates and PhDs, that are made available to the public within the Laboratory and the
Department
- Technical Reports that are property of the Authorities that grant the project. These can be read by a selected
public
- Abstracts of Communications at National and International Conferences,
- Books with extended abstracts of papers presented at International Conferences and Symposia,
- Papers in International Journals, critical Reviews in International Journals,
- Books.
- The Unit also owns Patents in co-operation with the Ministry, the National Research Council, Industries.
Depending on the involvement of the Unit in different kind of projects, there may be a different relative weight of
Reports and Scientific publications. As a matter of fact, the work done for the Apulia Region produced a Report of 2000
pages that required the work of ten JS, but no scientific publications. Similarly, a Report for the EU of 600 pages did
not produce any scientific publication yet. In the latter case a book is under preparation that will published by Kluwer
in 2002. Also, Prof. M. Aresta is Co-Editor of the book “Greenhouse gases utilization” within ACS Series
37
In general, the scientific results are published in Journals of good quality. The choise of the Journal depends on the
public the results have to reach. The Unit tends to privilege scientific publications. But, the need to gather funds does
not allow to forget contracts with local Authorities.
7.2
Numerical data
Category
PhD-Dissertations
1997
1998
1999
1
2000
2001
Total
1
6
8
3
9
9
35
Master’s Theses
12
19
1
8
8
8
28
8
75
17
Please give a quantitative summary of the publication list, presented under Sections 7.3 -7.5 and elaborate on the
selection criteria used for the overviews
8
Self-evaluation
The Unit has improved with time its position within the University. The leadership in administrative and scientific tasks
gives to the Unit a great visibility. has always pursued a policy of balancing various kind of activities, from basic
research to applied research, to contracts with local Authorities. Four permanent staff are actually leading the following
positions:
- Pro-Rector of the University of Bari for the Taranto seat (five Faculties)
- Direction of the METEA Research Centre
- Co-ordination of a national research project with six Universities
- Co-ordination of a CNR Project with four national partners
- Co-ordination of a EU BRITE Project with 35 partners from 12 EU Countries
- Contractor for a EU TEMPUS Project, just closed
- Direction of the CNR Thalassographic Institute in Taranto
- Partnership in two Socrates, two Leonardo, one COST Project
- Co-ordination of bilateral Conventions with Russia, Kazakhstan, Brazil
- Contracts with the Apulia Region and the Province of Taranto.
- Co/ordination of a national Project within INCA
- Partnership into two other national INCA Projects
- Participation into a National PON project
- Participation into three inter-University consortia
- Membership in National and International Committees (Inorganic Chemistry Division, Conferences, Panels)
- Italy delegates within the International Panel Climate Change, IPCC for the evaluation of the emission factors.
- Editors of book with international Publishers
- Teaching duties within two Faculties
Within the Department of Chemistry, the Unit has a top level size and position. Within the national scientific
community the Unit has a high position and consideration. Similarly, the International scientific community highly
appreciates the contribution and expertise of the Unit.
For the standard of Italian Universities the sum of activities represents a high level.
These activities keep the staff full time busy.
The number of Projects and Contracts is quite relevant, and not usual for the Italian Universities.
The relationship with local and national Authorities is also quite strong.
All together, the Unit plays key roles at the University, Regional, National, EU and International level. The integration
within the scientific community is also demonstrated by the fact that the Unit is included as partner into four EoI
forwarded to the EU, and is co-ordinator of a fifth one.
Should financial support come in a more substantial way than at present in the area of carbon dioxide utilisation, the
Unit will focus its efforts on this topic, decreasing its engagement into Regional programmes.
The Unit considers the EU collaboration as a priority, and will make any effort for strengthening his EU and
International role, through new Projects and collaborations. The co-operation with INCA might be important to this
end, supposed that INCA is willing to invest into such co-operation and will consider the Unit as a strong operative
branch.
38
An evaluative description of the unit’s strengths and weaknesses and of the action taken or to be taken to further
improve the quality of the Unit and to strengthen its viability.
Appendix I
Scientific Output
I-1
I.1.1 Dissertations
Year
Name PhD-student
1998/99
Michele Galatola
I.1.2
Master's Thesis
Year
Name
Master’s
student
Martino
Minardi
1997/98
1999/200
0
Giovanni
D'Andola
1999/200
0
1999/200
0
1999/200
0
1999/200
0
Valeria
Alba
Vincenzo
Nicastri
Nicola
Delre
Tiziano
Pastore
1999/200
0
Ciro
Marangell
a
Antonio
Cavallo
1999/200
0
1999/200
0
2000/200
1
2000/200
1
2000/200
1
Supervisor
Gestione di sistemi complessi e processi a basso impatto Michele
Aresta
ambientale
Assessment of complex system and processes with low
environmental impact
Supervisor
Trattamento biologico delle acque reflue di cokeria e delle acque di vegetazion e avvio di
impianto
pilota
da
banco
Biologic treatment of waste water from coke plants and implementation of bench-scale pilot
reactor
M. Aresta
A. Tursi
P.
Giannoccar
o
Sintesi, caratterizzazione ed utilizzazione in catalisi di nuovi complessi cationici di palladio M. Aresta
(II)
E. Quaranta
Synthesis, characterization and utilization of new cationi complexes of Pd(II)
Sintesi e caratterizzazione di nuovi idruro-complessi di rodio: attività in catalisi M. Aresta
Synthesis and characterization of Rh hydrido-complexes and their activity in catalysis
E. Quaranta
Reattività in fluidi supercritici: utilizzo di SC-CO2 come solvente e reagente M. Aresta
Reactivity in supercritical fluids: use of SC-CO2 as solvent and reagent
Complessi
biomimetici
del
manganese(II)
con
fenoli
sostituiti M. Aresta
Biomimetic Mn(II) complexes whit substituted phenol
I. Tommasi
Trattamento meccanochimico di terreni contaminati da policlororbifenili (PCBs) M. Aresta
Mechanochemical treatment of PCBs contaminated soil
C.
Tortorella
A.
Dibenedetto
Degradazione microbiologica di derivati del fenolo: influenza della struttura del substrato M. Aresta
Micro-biologic phenol derivative degradation: influence of the structure of the substrate
Ritenzione di configurazione in reazioni d'inserzione del CO2 in legami epossidici M. Aresta
A.
Retention of Configuration in insertion reaction of CO2 in epoxide
Dibenedetto
Michele
Sintesi di carbonati organici in reazioni di carbossilazione ossidativa di olefine. Sinthsis of M. Aresta
Andriani
organic carbonates in the oxidative carboxylation of olefins.
A.
Dibenedetto
Anna Coro Determinazione qualitativa e quantitativa di varietà di amianto in campioni massivi mediante M .Aresta
spettrofotometria
FT-IR L.
DeStefano
Qualitative and quantitative determination of asbestous using FT-IR spectrophotometry
E. Quaranta
supercritico M. Aresta
Monica
Sintesi
di
catalizzatori
per
utilizzo
in
CO2
Synthesis of catalysts for their utilization in SC-CO2
Distaso
Carlo
Sviluppo di metodologie innovative per la sintesi di carbonati dialchilici: attivazione di eteri
M. Aresta
Pastore
Development of synthetic methodology for the synthesis of alkyl carbonates: ether activation
39
2000/200
1
Eliana
Amodio
2000/200
1
Solidea
Marinelli
2000/200
1
Antonella
De
Vincentis
Reazioni di addizione del metil acrilato: influenza del catalizzatore e del solvente M. Aresta
Reaction of addition of del metil acrilato: influence of catalysts and solvents
A.
Dibenedetto
Studio sull'utilizzo di due macroalghe del mar piccolo di Taranto per l'estrazione di acidi M. Aresta
grassi come fonte di energia alternativa
A. Petrocelli
Study on the utilization of two macro-algae of the Taranto gulf for fatty acid extraction as G. Alabiso
alternative source of energy
Ruolo di ferro, nichel e cobalto nel processo di fermentazione anaerobica di rifiuti organici
M. Aresta
Role of iron, nickel and cobalt on biogas production during the anaerobic fermentation of M-. Minardi
I. Tommasi
FVG residual biomass
2000/200
1
2000/200
1
Simona
Tanzarella
Valeria
Calò
Monitoraggio dell’aria in un’area urbana (Taranto). Analisi statistica dei dati
Monitoring of atmosphere in a urban area (Taranto). Statistic and data analysis”
Abbattimento di fenoli in acque di vegetazione usando un impianto pilota da banco
Abatement of phenol in olive-mill waters by using a continuous bench-scale pilot reactor
Please list the PhD-dissertation and Master's thesis supervised by the Unit. If the dissertation or theses title is written
in Italian, please add an English translation
I-2
1997
1. M. Aresta, E. Quaranta, A. Dibenedetto, P. Giannoccaro, I. Tommasi, M. Lanfranchi e A. Tiripicchio.
"Oxidative Addition of Ammonium and Iminium Tetraphenylborates to Low-Valent Metal Complexes.
Evidence of Selective N-C and N-H Activation. A New, Easy Route to Cationic Allyl-and Hydrido Nickel
Complexes" Organometallics 1997, 16, 834.
2. M. Aresta e E. Quaranta
" Carbon Dioxide, a Potential Substitute of Phosgene" ChemTech, 1997, 32, 27.
3. M. Aresta
Research for developing carbon dioxide disposal and utilisation World Resource Review, 1997, vol. 9, 248256.
4. M. Aresta, E. Quaranta e I. Tommasi
"Tetraphenylborate coordination chemistry and the reactivityof coordinated BPh4-anion. Synthesis,
6
Characterization and Properties of Mono- and Polynuclear Rh(η -BPh4) Complexes"Nouv. Journal de Chimie,
1997, 21, 595.
5. M. Aresta, I. Tommasi
"Carbon dioxide utilisation in the chemical industry" Energy Convers. Mgmt., 1997, 38, S373.
6. M. Aresta, I. Tommasi, M. Galatola
"Potential of cofiring with biomass in Italy" Energy Convers. Mgmt., 1997, 38, S557.
1998
1. I. Tommasi, M. Aresta, P. Giannoccaro, E. Quaranta and C. Fragale.
"Bioinorganic Chemistry of Nickel and carbon dioxide : A Ni-Complex Behaving as a Model System for
Carbon Monoxide Dehydrogenase Enzyme" Inorg. Chim. Acta, 1998, 272, 38.
2. M. Aresta, E. Quaranta, R. Liberio, C. Dileo, I. Tommasi
"Enzymatic synthesis of 4-OH benzoic acid from phenol and CO2: the first example of a biotechnological
application of a carboxylase enzyme" Tetrahedron, 1998, 54, 8841.
3. M. Aresta, A. Dibenedetto, E. Quaranta
"Reaction of aromatic diamines with diphenylcarbonate catalyzed by phosphorous acids: a new clean synthetic
route to mono- and di-carbamates" Tetrahedron, 1998, 54, 14145-14156.
4. M. Aresta,
"Potential of the technological and chemical utilisation of carbon dioxide" La chimica e l'industria, 1998, vol.
80, 1051-1056.
5. M. Aresta
“Perspectives of carbon dioxide utilisation in the synthesis of chemicals: coupling chemistry with
biotechnology” T. Inui, M. Anpo, K. Izui, S. Yanagida, T. Yamaguchi Eds., "Advanced in Chemical
Conversion for mitigating carbon dioxide", Studies in surface science and catalysis, Elsevier Science B.V.,
Vol. 114, 1998, 65.
6. M. Aresta, E; Quaranta, I. Tommasi, J. Mascetti, M. Tranquille, M. Borowiack
M. Aresta
M. Aresta
40
"Formation of peroxocarbonates from L3Rh(O2)Cl and L2Ni(CO2) a unique reaction mechanism with carbon
dioxide insertin into the O-O bond" T. Inui, M. Anpo, K. Izui, S. Yanagida, T. Yamaguchi Eds., "Advanced in
Chemical Conversion for mitigating carbon dioxide", Studies in surface science and catalysis, Elsevier Science
B.V., Vol. 114, 1998, 677.
7. M. Aresta, Wojciech Macyk, Zofia Stasicka
Photochemistry of [Cu{HB(3,5-Me2pz)3}]2X (X= O2-, CO32-) in non aqueous solvents.
Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 1998, 119, 101-107.
8. J. Cz. Dobrowolski, M; H. Jamroz, J. K. Kazimirski, K. Kajdor, M. A. Borowiack, L. Manna, M.L.
Miglietta, M. Aresta
The M(O2)X(YH3)3 Dioxigen complexes (M=Rh, Co; X=F, Cl, Br, I; Y=N, P): An Ab Initio, DFT and
semiempirical PM3(tm) study. Polish J. Chem., 1998, 72.
1999
1. M. Aresta
Dihydrogen influence on Rh(I)-promoted allene-CO2 coupling. Education in advanced chemistry, 1999, Vol 6,
pag. 21.
2.M. Aresta, M. Galatola
Life Cycle analysis applied to the assessment of the environmental impact of alternative synthetic processes.
The dimetilcarbonate case: part 1. Journal of Cleaner Production, 1999, vol. 7 , pag 181.
3. M. Aresta, A. Dibenedetto and Eugenio Quaranta
Selective carbomethoxylation of aromatic diamines with mixed carbonic acid diesters in the presence of
phosphorous acids. Green Chemistry, 1999, pag. 237.
2000
1. J.Cz. Dobrowolski, M. H. Jamroz, M. A. Borowiak, E. Quaranta, M. Aresta
Theoretical IR and Raman spectra of diketene and its 3-methylene isomer. Vibrational spectroscopy, 2000, 22,
19-28.
2. M. Aresta, A. Dibenedetto, I. Tommasi
Direct synthesis of organic carbonates by oxidative carboxylation of olefins catalysed by metal oxides:
developing green chemistry based on carbon dioxide",Appl. Organometa. Chem., 14, 799-802, 2000.
3. M. Aresta, E. Quaranta, A. Dibenedetto, I. Tommasi and B. Marciniec
CO2 catalysed carbamation of aminofunctional silanes. Appl. Organometal. Chem., 14, 871-873, 2000.
4. M. Aresta, A. Dibenedetto, M. Pascale, E. Quaranta and I. Tommasi
“New η5– and µ-(O) –Rh(I) phenoxide complexes: synthesis, characterization and unconventional reactivity of η5 complexes towards carbon dioxide”. J. Organomet. Chem., 605, 143-150, 2000.
5. M. Aresta, P: Giannoccaro, I. Tommasi, A. Dibenedetto, A. Manotti, F. Ugozzoli,
“Synthesis and Solid State and Solution Characterization of Mono- and Di-(η1-C) Carbamoyl-Palladium
Complexes. New Efficient Palladium-Catalysed Routes to Carbamoyl Chlorides: Key Intermediates to
Isocyanates, Carbamic Esters, and Ureas. Organometallics. 2000, 19, 3879-3889.
6. M. Aresta, P. Giannoccaro, E. De Giglio, M. Gargano, C. Ferragina
"Rh3+ and Rh3+-diamine complexes intercalated in γ-titanium hydrogen phosphate. Synthesis, characterisation
and catalytic activity towards aniline oxidative carbonylation processes". J. Mol. Cat. A: Chemical 157, 2000
131-141
7. M. Aresta, D. Ballivet-Tkatchenko, D. Belli Dell'Amico, M.C. Bonnet, D. Boschi, F. Calderazzo, R. Faure,
L. Labella, F. Marchetti
"Isolation and structural determination of two derivatives of the elusive carbamic acid" Chem. Commun. 2000,
1099-1100.
8. M. Aresta, A. Dibenedetto, E. Quaranta, M. Lanfranchi e A. Tiripicchio
“Oxidative Addition of Allylammonium BPh4- to Nickel(0): Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Fluxional Behaviour, and
Catalytic Activity of Chiral [(η3-allyl)(NH3)(PCy3)Ni]BPh4”. Organometallics, 2000, 19, 21, 4199-4207.
9. P. Giannoccaro, M. Aresta, S. Doronzo, C. Ferragina
"Phenylacetylene carbonylation catalysed by Pd(II) and Rh(III) intercalated in zirconium phosphates"
Appl. Organometal. Chem. 14, 581-589, 2000.
2001
1.Aresta M.; Tommasi I.; Dileo C.; Dibenedetto A.; Narracci M.; Ziolkowski J.; Jezierski A.
"Synthesis and spectroscopic (1H NMR, ESR) characterization of new aryloxy-Mn(II) complexes:
steric control over O- vs phenyl-π-co-ordination of ArO- ligands (ArO- = C6H5O-, 4-methyl-C6H4O-, 3,5dimethyl-C6H3O-, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-C6H3O-, 2,6-dimethyl-C6H3O-) to the "Mn(II)Cp" moiety and their
reactivity with carbon dioxide". J. Canad. Chem.79, 570-577, 2001
2. Aresta M.; Dibenedetto A. Tommasi I.
41
"Unique Evidence for a RhIII to RhI Reduction by Deoxygenation of a Carbonate Moiety to CO2 by an Out-ofSphere Phosphane". Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2001, 1801-1806.
3. Aresta M.; Dibenedetto A, Tommasi I.;.
"Developing Innovative Synthetic Technologies of Industrial Relevance based on Carbon Dioxide as Raw
material" Energy&Fuels, 2001, 15, 2, 269-273.
4. Aresta M.; Dibenedetto A.
"Key Issues in Carbon Dioxide Utilisation as a Building Block for Molecular Organic Compounds in the
Chemical Industry." ACS Book on CO2 Conversion and Utilisation, 2002 54-70.
5.Aresta M.; Dibenedetto, A.; Quaranta E.; Boscolo M.; Larsson R.
“The Kinetics and Mechanism of the Reaction between Carbon Dioxide and a series of Amines. Observation
and interpretation of an Isokinetic Effect” J. Mol. Catalysis 2001, 174, 7-13.
6. Aresta M; Boscolo M.; Franco D. W.
“Copper(II) Catalysis in cyanide Conversion into Ethyl Carbamate in Spirits and Relevant Reactions”
J. Agric. and Food Chem. 2001, 49, 6, 2819-2824.
7. Borowiak M. A.; Jamroz M. H.; Dobrowolski J. Cz.; Bajdor K.; Kazimirski J. K.; Mascetti J.; Aresta M.;
Tommasi I.; Quaranta E.
Application of the impulse oscillation model for modelling the formation of peroxocarbonates via carbon
dioxide reaction with dioxygen transition metal complexes. A comparison with the experimental results
obtained for Rh(η2-O2)ClP3 [P = phosphane ligand]. J. Mol. Catalysis 2001, 165, 45-54.
8. M. Aresta, M. Minardi, C. Bortone
Trattamento integrato in continuo di H2O di vegetazione con impianto pilota Acqua e Aria – Ottobre 2001
9. Arakawa H, Aresta M, Armor JN, et al.
Catalysis research of relevance to carbon management: Progress, challenges, and opportunities
Chem. Rev. 101 (4): 953-996 APR 2001
I-3
1997
1. M. Aresta
Perspectives in Carbon dioxide Industrial Utilisation.
Lecture for the 40th anniversary of ACP, May 19-20, 1997.
2. M. Aresta, M. Galatola
Recovery and recycling of plastics
Summer School on Waste Management, Rackova dolina, High Tatras, May 19-29, 1997.
3. I. Tommasi, M. Aresta, C. DIleo, R. Liberio
Degradation of phenolic and plyphenolic compounds by pseudomonas aeruginosa in anaerobic conditions and
potential for biotechnological applications.
Workshop on "New challanges for environmental university study", Vienna, Austria, March 20-22, 1997, pag.
203.
Life Cycle analysis approach for the evaluation of the environmental impact of organic carbonates production.
Workshop on "New challanges for environmental university study", Vienna, Austria, March 20-22, 1997, pag.
79.
5. M. Aresta
Perspectives of carbon dioxide utilisation in the synthesis of chemicals: coupling chemistry with biotechnology
Fourth International Conference on Carbon dioxide Utilsation, Kyoto, Japan, September 7-11, 1997, PL 6.
6. M. Aresta, E; Quaranta, I. Tommasi, J. Mascetti, M. Tranquille, M. Borowiack
"Formation of peroxocarbonates from L3Rh(O2)Cl and L2Ni(CO2) a unique reaction mechanism with carbon
dioxide insertin into the O-O bond"
Fourth International Conference on Carbon dioxide Utilsation, Kyoto, Japan, September 7-11, 1997, P 102.
7. M. Aresta, E. Quaranta, I. Tommasi, M. Borowiak, J. Dobrowolski, K. Bajdor,
Use of the "Impulse Oscillation Model, IOM" for modelling the reaction of Rh(I)- and Ni(0)-dioxygen
complexes with carbon dioxide. Modelling the synthesis and behaviour of peroxocarbonates as monooxigenase-like systems towards olefins and other oxophiles.
4th FGIPS Meeting in Inorganic Chemistry. European mediterranean conference in inorganic chemistry,
Corfù, Greece, October 14-18, 1997, ORB 6.
8. M. Aresta
Transition metal systems: a bridge between the microbial and industrial chemistry of C1 molecules.
4th FGIPS Meeting in Inorganic Chemistry. European mediterranean conference in inorganic chemistry,
Corfù, Greece, October 14-18, 1997, SLB 6.
42
9. M. Aresta
Prospettive nella mitigazione delle emissioni di diossido di carbonio.
III Congresso nazionale di chimica ambientale, La salvaguardia e la valorizzazione delle risorse,
Gallipoli, Lecce, Settembre 24-26, 1997, pag. 22.
L'analisi del ciclo di vita di processi e prodotti come nuovo strumento per la valutazione del loro impatto
ambientale: analisi di un caso reale.
III Congresso nazionale di chimica ambientale, La salvaguardia e la valorizzazione delle risorse,
Gallipoli, Lecce, Settembre 24-26, 1997, pag. 65.
11. M. Aresta
Metal ions and life
"Education in advanced chemistry", Pollution abatement through cleaner technologies, 1997, vol. 4,
12. M. Aresta,
Waste minimization through cleaner production, a must for the chemical industry of the 2000s
"Education in advanced chemistry", Pollution abatement through cleaner technologies, 1997, vol. 4, 149.
1998
1. M. Aresta
Assessment of of the fixation of carbon dioxide in halophytes.
1rst sectorial meeting of scientists of Santander-Group universities, Seminar Workshop for the identification of
problem areas and priorities for the sustainable utilisation of alophytes, Osnabruck, Germany, February 18-19,
1998.
2. M. Aresta,
"Process/product performance evaluation as a tool for the assessment of the potential of the utilization of
carbon dioxide"
Second workshopon Zero-emission power plant, Liège, Belgium, January 26, 1998.
3. M. Aresta, G. Galatola,
Life Cycle Analysis (LCA): a methodology for the assessment of the potential of carbon dioxide utilisation.
215 ACS National Meeting, Dallas, Texas, March 29 - April 2, 1998, COLL 051
4. M. Aresta, E. Quaranta, I. Tommasi
Mechanism of formation of Rh- and Ni-peroxocarbonates and their utilisation in olefin oxidation and
carbonation reactions experimental and theoretical studies.
Selective synthesis of 4-OH benzoic acid from phenol and CO2 under enzymatic catalysis.
6. M. Aresta
Allene-CO2 coupling catalysed by Rh(I) complexes.
3rd international school on molecular catalysis. Mechanistic aspects of catalysis. Lagow, Poland, May 20-24,
1998.
7. M. Aresta, M. Capone, E. Quaranta, I. Tommasi
Dihydrogen influence on Rh(I)-promoted allene-CO2 coupling.
11 Congresso nazioanle di catalisi, Villasimius (CA), 4-7 giugno 1998, 014.
8. M. Aresta, I. Tommasi, M. L. Miglietta, C. Fragale,
Oxidation of two different substrates (L, L') with one dioxygen molecule: the intermediacy of
peroxocarbonates. A unique Rh(I)-Rh(III)-Rh(I) cycle and the carbonate deoxygenation to CO2.
XXVI Congresso di Chimica Inorganica, Acquafredda di Maratea (PZ), 28 giugno- 2 luglio, 1998, C25.
9. M. Aresta, M. Capone, A. Dibenedetto, C. Fragale, M. L. Miglietta, E. Quaranta, I. Tommasi, A.
Tiripicchio, M. Lanfranchi,
Oxidative addition of ammonium and imminium tetraphenylborates to low valent complexes.
Evidence of a selective N-C and N-H activation. Structure and reactivity of the new cationic Ni- complexes.
XXVI Congresso di Chimica Inorganica, Acquafredda di Maratea (PZ), 28 giugno- 2 luglio, 1998, C28
9. P. Giannocaro, M. Aresta, I. Tommasi
Palladium carbamoyl complexes key intermediates to isoacyanates or carbamyl chlorides.
XXVI Congresso di Chimica Inorganica, Acquafredda di Maratea (PZ), 28 giugno- 2 luglio, 1998, P26.
10. M. Aresta
"Chemical utilisation of carbon dioxide"
4th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control and Technologies (GHGT4), Interlaken,
Switzerland, August 30, September 2, 1998.
11. M. Aresta
43
Coupling the carbon dioxide mitigation strategy with green chemistry. The role of carbon dioxide utilisation
option.
XXXIII International conference on coordination chemistry, The chemistry of metal ions in everyday life,
dedicated to Luigi Sacconi, Firenze, August 30 - September 4, 1998, pag. 31.
12. Michele aresta
La gestione dei rifiuti in Italia, ENEA-Trisaia, 30 settembre- 2 ottobre 1998.
13. M. Aresta, M. Galatola,
Life Cycle analysis concept applied to new synthetic processes: the DMC case.
The third international conference on ECOBALANCE, Progress in LCA for a sustainable society, Tsukuba,
Japan, November 25-27, 1998.
14. M. Aresta, E. Quaranta, I. Tommasi, invited
Mechanism of formation of Rh- and Ni-peroxocarbonates and their utilisation in olefin oxidation and
carbonation reactions experimental and theoretical studies.
Selective synthesis of 4-OH benzoic acid from phenol and CO2 under enzymatic catalysis.
16. M. Aresta, M. Capone, E. Quaranta, I. Tommasi
Dihydrogen influence on Rh(I)-promoted allene-CO2 coupling.
11 Congresso nazioanle di catalisi, Villasimius (CA), 4-7 giugno 1998, 014.
17. M. Aresta, I. Tommasi, M. L. Miglietta, C. Fragale,
Oxidation of two different substrates (L, L') with one dioxygen molecule: the intermediacy of
peroxocarbonates. A unique Rh(I)-Rh(III)-Rh(I) cycle and the carbonate deoxygenation to CO2.
XXVI Congresso di Chimica Inorganica, Acquafredda di Maratea (PZ), 28 giugno- 2 luglio, 1998, C25.
18. M. Aresta, M. Capone, A. Dibenedetto, C. Fragale, M. L. Miglietta, E. Quaranta, I. Tommasi, A.
Tiripicchio, M. Lanfranchi,
Oxidative addition of ammonium and imminium tetraphenylborates to low valent complexes. Evidence of a
selective N-C and N-H activation. Structure and reactivity of the new cationic Ni- complexes.
XXVI Congresso di Chimica Inorganica, Acquafredda di Maratea (PZ), 28 giugno- 2 luglio, 1998, C28
19. P. Giannocaro, M. Aresta, I. Tommasi
Palladium carbamoyl complexes key intermediates to isoacyanates or carbamyl chlorides.
XXVI Congresso di Chimica Inorganica, Acquafredda di Maratea (PZ), 28 giugno- 2 luglio, 1998, P26.
1999
1. M. Aresta, A. Dibenedetto, I. Tommasi,
A new manganese-depending enzyme phenol carboxylase at work for synthetic purposes and its mimetic
systems.
th
14 Summer School on Coordination Chemistry, Polanica-Zdroj, Poland, June 6-12, 1999.
2. M. Aresta, A. Dibenedetto, I. Tommasi, E. Quaranta
Synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of Mn(II) complexes coordinating phenoxide and mono- and dialkyl substituted phenoxide anions.
14th Summer School on Coordination Chemistry, Polanica-Zdroj, Poland, June 6-12, 1999.
3. M. Aresta, E. Quaranta, A. Dibenedetto, I. Tommasi, M. Lanfranchi, A. Tiripicchio.
Oxidative addition of allyl-ammonium and -iminium tetraphenylborates to low valent complexes. II:
synthesis, cristal structure and reactivity of chiral [(?3-C3H5)Ni(PCy3)(NH3)]BPh4.
XXVII Congresso di Chimica Inorganica, Como, 27 giugno- 1 luglio, 1999.
4. M. Aresta, I. Tommasi, A. Dibenedetto
Selective synthesis of 4-OH benzoic acid: potential of the biotechnological utilisation of phenylphosphatecarboxylase enzyme.
th
5 International Conference on Carbon Dioxide Utilization, Karlsruhe, Germany, 5-10 September 1999.
5. M. Aresta, P. Giannoccaro, I. Tommasi, A. Dibenedetto, A. Manotti
Synthesis, structural characterization and reactivity of Pd-carbamoyl complexes.
5th FGIPS Meeting in Inorganic Chemistry, Toulouse, France, October 26-31, 1999.
6. M. Aresta, E. Quaranta, A. Dibenedetto, I. Tommasi
Coordination chemistry of phenoxide ligands to Mn(II) and its relevance to the enzymatic activity of
phenylphosphate carboxylase.
5th FGIPS Meeting in Inorganic Chemistry, Toulouse, France, October 26-31, 1999.
7. Aesta M.; Dibenedetto A.
44
“Direct Synthesis of Organic Carbonates by Oxidative Carboxylation of Olefin Catalyzed by Metal Oxide: Developing
Green Chemistry Based on Carbon Dioxide”. 10° Congresso Brasileiro De Catalise, September 22–24, Salvador,
Bahia, 1999. Invited paper, pp. 410-413
8. M. Aresta
Enhanced production and utilisation of biomass for energy purposes: a option for carbon dioxide mitigation
Education in advanced chemistry, 1999, Vol 5, pag. 145.
2000
1. M. Aresta, A. Dibenedetto, I. Tommasi
“Oxidative carboxylation of olefins to afford organic carbonates: the role of metal catalysis under
homogeneous and heterogeneous conditions”
International symposium on CO2 conversion and utilisation in refinery and chmeical processing.
219th National Meeting, American Chemical Society, San Francisco, CA, March 26-31, 2000.
2. M. Aresta
"Key Issues in Carbon Dioxide Utilasation as a Building Block for Molecular Organic Compounds in the
Chemical Industry".
219th National Meeting, American Chemical Society, San Francisco, CA, March 26-31, 2000.
3. M. Aresta, A. Dibenedetto
"Synthesis of Organic Carbonates based on CO2 as raw Material"
GHGT-5, 13-16 August, 2000, Cairns, Australia
4. Michele Aresta, Angela Dibenedetto, Alessandra Magarelli and Antonella Caroppo
"Environmental Life Cycle Assessment (E-LCA) Applied to the Synthesis of Methanol and
Dimethylcarbonate" GHGT-5, 13-16 August, 2000 Cairns, Australia
5. A. Dibenedetto, M. Aresta, E. Quaranta
"Carbon Dioxide Catalysis in Trans-Esterification Reaction for the Carbamation of Amins of Industrial
Interest"
220th National Meeting, ACS, Washington, D.C., August 20-24, 2000, p. 681.
6. Michele Aresta and Angela Dibenedetto,
"Developing Innovative Synthetic Technologies of Industrial Relevance Based on Carbon Dioxide as raw
Material" 220th National Meeting, ACS, Washington, D.C., August 20-24, 2000, p. 698.
7. M. Aresta, E. Quaranta, V. Alba
"Synthesis and structural characterization of [RhCl(C2H4)PPri3]2 an example of solid state hydrogenation
catalyst".
EURO-Hydrides 2000, September, 6-9, 2000, p. P1
8. M. Aresta, E. Quaranta, G. Dandola
The evidence of "hydride intermediacy"in the Ni and Pd catalysed dimerization or polymerization of
methylacrylate.
EURO-Hydrides 2000, September, 6-9, 2000, p. OC7
2001
1. Aresta M.; ; Tommasi I.; Caterina Dileo; Marcella Narracci
Role of iron, nickel and cobalt in biogas production during the anaerobic fermentation of sludges
4° Convegno INCA – Santa Maria Ligure 25-28 Febbraio 2001
2. .Aresta M.; Giannoccaro P.; Tommasi I.; Dibenedetto A.; Manotti A.; Ugozzoli F.
“New (η1-C) Carbamoyl-Palladium Complexes: Synthesis, Structural Characterisation and Reactivity towards
Halogen Donors. New Catalytic Route to Carbamic Esters and Isocyanates ”. 221st National Meeting,
American Chemical Society, San Diego - CA, April 1-5, 2001. Inorganic Division. Abstract n°80.
3. Dibenedetto A. and Aresta M.
“Nb2O5 as catalyst in the oxidative carboxylation of olefins”
221st National Meeting, American Chemical Society, San Diego - CA, April 1-5, 2001. Fuel Division. Abstract
n°66.
4. Dibenedetto A. and Aresta M.
“Nb2O5 as Catalyst in the Fixation of Carbon Dioxide into Epoxides to afford Organic Carbonates with
Retention of Stereochemistry”
221st National Meeting, American Chemical Society, San Diego - CA, April 1-5, 2001. Organic Division.
Abstract n°220.
5. Aresta M.; Dibenedetto, A.; Quaranta, E.
“Synthesis and characterization of new Ni and Pd hydride-species: their catalytic activity in the
oligomerisation of methylacrilate”
221st National Meeting, American Chemical Society, San Diego - CA, April 1-5, 2001. Inorganic Division.
Abstract n°614.
45
6. Aresta M.; Dibenedetto, A.
“Carbon Dioxide Utilisation in Developing Innovative Synthetic Methodologies”
221st National Meeting, American Chemical Society, San Diego - CA, April 1-5, 2001. Environmental
Division. Abstract n°9.
7. Michele Aresta, Antonella Caroppo, Angela Dibenedetto
“Developing Innovative Synthetic Methodologies Based on Carbon Dioxide. Life Cycle Assessment (E-LCA)
as a Tool for the Evaluation of the Enviro-Economic and Energetic Performance of new Technologies:
Methanol and Dimethylcarbonate as Probe Cases”
221st National Meeting, American Chemical Society, San Diego - CA, April 1-5, 2001. Fuel Division. Abstract
n°61.
8. Aresta M, Dileo C, Tommasi I, et al.
Biotechnological synthesis of 4-OH benzoate mediated by a phenylphospate-carboxylase enzyme.
221st National Meeting, American Chemical Society, San Diego - CA, April 1-5, 2001 221: 581-INOR Part 1
9. Aresta Michele
“Developing Innovative Synthetic Technologies of Industrial Relevance based on Carbon Dioxide as raw
Material”
Green Chemistry: Sustainable Products and Processes Swansea - UK, April 3-6, 2001, O20.
10. Dibenedetto A., Tommasi I.. Giannoccaro P.
“Pd(II)-catalyzed synthesis of chloroformates and carbamoylchloride: Key intermediates for the synthesis of
carbonates, carbamates, isocyanates and ureas”
Green Chemistry: Sustainable Products and Processes Swansea - UK, April 3-6, 2001, P3.
11. Dibenedetto Angela
“Carbon Dioxide Catalysis in Trans Esterification reaction for the Carbamation of Amines of Industrial
Interest"
Green Chemistry: Sustainable Products and Processes Swansea - UK, April 3-6, 2001, P2.
12. Michele Aresta* and Angela Dibenedetto
“Behaviour of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts in the oxidative carboxylation of olefins”
SHHC10,in Lyon, France, July 2-6 2001
13.Michele Aresta and Angela Dibenedetto
“Enantioselective synthesis of organic carbonates from olefins and epoxides”
Europacat V, 2-7 September 2001 Limerick. Abstract 15-O-05
14. Gargano M., Aresta M., Doronzo S., Leoci A., Giannoccaro P.
“Reductive N-alkylation of amines, nitrobenzenes, amides, carbamates and ureas promoted by copper
catalysts”
Europacat V, 2-7 September 2001 Limerick. Abstract 8-P-57
15. Michele Aresta, Immacolata Tommasi, Angela Dibenedetto and Caterina Dileo
“Reaction of ketals with carbon dioxide in organic solvents and in SC-CO2”
6th Conference on Supercritical Fluids and Their Applications, 9-12 Sept. 2001 Maiori, Italy
16. Michele Aresta*, Angela Dibenedetto
“Carbon Dioxide Utilization in Developing Innovative Synthetic Methodologies”
ICCDU VI, September 9-14, 2001, Breckenridge – Colorado
17. Michele Aresta and Angela Dibenedetto*
“Enantioselective Nb-catalyzed synthesis of organic cyclic carbonates based on carbon dioxide utilisation »
18. Michele Aresta, Immacolata Tommasi, Angela Dibenedetto and Caterina Dileo
“Reaction of ketals with carbon dioxide in organic solvents and in SC-CO2”
19. Michele Aresta and Angela Dibenedetto
A new heteroatomic metathesis reaction: use of ketals as alternative substrates for the synthesis of carbonates.
Comparison of the reactivity in organic solvents and SC-CO2
XXIX Congresso di Chimica Inorganica, Taormina, 25 - 29 Settembre 2001. Abstract CR14
20. Michele Aresta, Caterina Dileo, Marcella Narracci e Immacolata Tommasi
Anaerobic fermentation of sludges: role of iron, nickel and cobalt in biogas production
XXIX Congresso di Chimica Inorganica, Taormina, 25 - 29 Settembre 2001. Abstract CB02
21. Michele Aresta, Angela Dibenedetto, Caterina Dileo, Marcella Narracci e Immacolata Tommasi
“Biotechnological Synthesis of 4-OH-benzoic acid”
XXIX Congresso di Chimica Inorganica, Taormina, 25 - 29 Settembre 2001. Abstract CB06
22. Michele Aresta and Angela Dibenedetto
Synthesis of cyclic carbonates based on carbon dioxide utilization under homogeneous and heterogeneous
conditions
46
23. Michele Aresta and Eugenio Quaranta
Reactivity of ammonium and iminium tetraphenylbortes towards low valent palladium complexes. Evidence of
formation of the elusive species [H-Pd(dppe)2]BPh4
24. Michele Aresta, Caterina Dileo, Marcella Narracci, Immacolata Tommasi
“Anaerobic biodegradation of phenols”
Environmental Chemistry. E. Lichtfouse (Ed.). ACE, 2001. p. 251
25. Michele Aresta, Tiziano Pastore
Solid state technology for the reductive elimination of polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) from contaminated soils.
Environmental Chemistry. E. Lichtfouse (Ed.). ACE, 2001. p. 85
26. Angela Dibenedetto, Michele Aresta
Carbon dioxide utilization for the synthesis of organic cyclic carbonates under homogeneous and
heterogeneous conditions.
Environmental Chemistry. E. Lichtfouse (Ed.). ACE, 2001 p. 49
27. M. Aresta, P. Caramuscio, De Stefano, T. Pastore
“Mechanochemical removal of pcbs in contaminated soil”
Proceedings del III congresso ed esposizione internazionale “Valorizzazione e riciclaggio rifiuti industriali”
Varirei 2001 – L’aquila – (pp. 154-158).
28. M. Aresta, De Stefano, T. Pastore
“Detoxification of PCBs polluted soil by high energy milling”
2001 International Conference on Remediation of Contaminated Sediments: 3-Volume.
Battelle Press (Marzo 2002 , data di pubblicazione).
Appendix 3
Name of the Unit:
Research Director:
Years included
Name of Journal
Utilizzazione CO2
1997-2001
Number
Articles
Chemical review
1
Eur. J. Inorganic Chemistry 2
Organometallics
3
ChemTech
1
New J. Chem.
1
Energy Conv. Management 2
Inorganica Chimica Acta
1
Tetrahedron
2
J. Photochem and Photob. A 1
Energy&Fuels
1
Green Chemistry
1
Vibrational Spectroscopy
1
Appl. Organometal. Chem.
3
J. Organometal. Chem.
1
J. Mol. Catal. A
3
J. Agric. Food Chem.
1
Chem. Commun.
1
Can. J. Chem.
1
of Journal
Factor
21.044
2.475
3.182
1.613
2.44
0.459
1.394
2.276
1.038
1.302
2.477
1.167
1.164
1.803
1.520
1.576
3.902
1.144
Impact Field(s)
Ranking
Chemistry
“
“
“
“
Energy
Chemistry
“
“
Energy
Chemistry
Theoretical Chemistry
Chemistry
“
“
“
“
“
Comments on:
a) the method: ISI Journal Citation, 2001 JCR Science Edition.
b) the results: Papers appeared in 18 different Journals. It is evident that scientific papers that report chemical
facts are published in well reputed Journals. Applied results or invited papers appear in apparently less
qualified Journals, that reach a more targeted public. The average impact factor is 2.55.
47
BARI 2
Dipartimento di Chimica - Bari
Research Leader
Curci Ruggero
Contact Person
Name Curci Ruggero
Mailing Address: Dipartimento di Chimica
Università di Bari, Via G. Amendola 173, 70126 Bari.
Faculty:
Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche Fisiche e Naturali/ Faculty Phone: + 39 080 5442068
Fax: +39 080 5442924
of Mathematical Physical and Natural Sciences
E-mail: [email protected]
Department:
Dipartimento di Chimica/ Department of Chemistry
University:
Università di Bari
Thematic area
• Sintesi ecosostenibili (solventi, fotochimica, catalisi,
riciclo e altre).
(a) Oxidative Degradation of Organic Pollutants.
(b) Oxidation Systems using Hyperenergetic Peroxides
under Mild Conditions.
As a group participant in the INCA activities, we have been actively engaged in research concerning the application of
novel along with classical oxidation reagents to developing clean and efficient selective oxidation methods useful in the
field of Fine Chemicals production. In parallel, with a view toward practical applications, we have begun to investigate
on the degradation of model pollutants by effective oxidation methods of choice. Along with the revisitation of classical
methods (such as the Fenton oxidizing systems), we began to explore the efficiency of new hyperenergetic peroxide
species (such as the dioxiranes) in the degradation of chlorinated aromatics in waste-waters and soils under mild
conditions. We believe that the INCA network of interdisciplinary expertise should provide an excellent chance to
develop practical applications.
University of Bari has timely activated the complex and sensitive procedure regarding the structure of “curricula
studiorum” and courses leding to Degrees, as well as the Departmental activities. The main goal consists in the
alignment of its university education to European standards and to gradually achieve a complete autonomy and
innivation.
In the various fields, the curricula are articulated according to two distint cycles. The first cover three years and leds to
a Degree of 1st Level (roughly equivalent to a B.A.), the second ha a minimum duration of two years, and it leads to a
more specialized Degree (2nd Level) roughly equivalent to a Master Degree. These cycles will serve to confer to the
students in the various disciplines the basic knowledge, and then an appropriate professional skill concerning the
professional methods and skills.
After the 2nd Level Degree is achieved, a limited number of graduates are admitted to advanced graduate studies
(involving a minimum duration of three years) in research specialities, leding to the “Doctorate” Degree (equivalent to
a Ph.D.)
The variuos curricula (28) are grouped in 11 Faculties, having full organizing authonomy, within the limits dictated by
the National and University regulations. Each professor is assignied to a given Faculty according to his teaching duties,
and can join the staff of a given Department. The University of Bari counts nowadays ca. 60,000 students, 6,551
enrolled in the Faculty of Sciences; the number of students enrolled in Chemistry curricula amounts to ca. 370.
48
The Department of Chemistry counts 53 Faculty members and 34 among the staff personnel. The Graduate School in
“Chemistry Sciences” has at present 15 students (supported by “ad-hoc” fellowships); the yearly input of new graduate
students is on average 4-6, depending on availability of funds.
Our group consists of five permanent members, with three of them having regular teaching burdens – all in the field of
Organic Chemistry (including laboratory courses).
The Department provides the basic research support, plus access to some advanced instrumentation.
The permanent members of our UdR have also taken part to a CNR Center (“MISO”, now a Section of ICCOM in
Florence) assigned to the Department of Chemistry on grounds of an Agreement between CNR and University of
Bari. This has favoured a strong interaction among the research personnel of these two formally different
administrations. Accordingly, during the last five years, CNR scientists (two) and University personnel assigned to
the CNR Centre (three) have been carrying out joint research that is still underway. In this general frame, we have
access to several large-scale facilities such as: GC and GC-MS, HPLC, FTIR Spectrometer, as well as a NMR 500
MHz Spectrometer.
The Unit
Our Research Unit (UdR) in Bari has by long established a recognized knowledge and expertise in the field of peroxide
chemistry and selective oxidations. The recent research activity has regarded: (i) generation and reactivity of isolated
dioxiranes and their application to selective oxidations; (ii) peroxide reaction mechanisms and biomimetic oxidations;
(iii) oxidation of unactivated alkanes and of target molecules (e.g., the C60 buckminsterfullerene ) under mild
conditions; (iv) degradation of chlorinated aromatics by suitably modified Fenton systems.
The UdR is constituted by the following permanent staff members:
— Ruggero Curci. Full Professor at University of Bari (Italy), since 1975; Director, CNR (Italian Research Council)
Center "MISO" (New Synthetic Methods), in 1988; Adjunct Professor , Brown University (providence, RI, USA), from
1998 to present. Awarded the SCI (Italian Chemical Society) Gold Medal “Mangini”, Organic Chemistry Division, in
2000. Invited plenary lecturer at a number of International and National scientific Meetings, has presented seminars and
lecture series at several foreign Institutions (Brown University, University of PuertoRico, UCLA, University of
Chicago, University of Loughborough, etc.). He is on the board of referees of several established scientific journals
(JACS, JOC, EJOC, etc.). At University of Bari, he teaches the course of Organic Chemistry One for the Chemistry
curriculum. Author of over 110 primary publications, his main research interests regard: (1) synthesis and reactivity of
organic and inorganic peroxides; (2) oxidation mechanisms and catalysis; (3) reactive peroxide intermediates.
— Michele Fiorentino. Associate Professor at University of Bari (Italy), since 1985. He teaches the course of
Organic Chemistry III and Laboratory (Chemistry curriculum) and the course of Organic Chemistry (Food Science
and Technologies). His current research interests include the reactivity and synthesis of dioxiranes. He has coauthored of over 40 scientific publications on major journals.
— Caterina Fusco. Ph.D. Degree in Chemical Sciences, in University of Bari, 1995. Federchimica Fellow at the
Chemistry Department of the University of Bari, 1989 to May 1991. She spent a period of one year at the
Chemistry Department of the Brown Univ., Providence, R.I. (USA) in 1993-1994. Since November 16, 1994 she
holds a permanent position as Senior CNR Research Fellow of “Centro di Studio sulle Metodologie di Sintesi
Organiche (MISO)” - Chemistry Department, University of Bari. Her current research activities are focused on
chemistry of dioxiranes; site selective oxidation of non-natural targets and peroxide reaction mechanisms. She is
the author of over 23 joint scientific publications on major journals.
— Lucia D’Accolti. Doctorate Degree in Chemistry, 1990. She was at the Chemistry Department of the University of
Bari as National Academy "Lincei" (Rome, Italy) Fellow (July 1990 - May 1992) and as C.N.R. Fellow (June 1992 May 1993). Since June 1994, she holds a tenured position as University Senior Assistant (Ricercatore). She spent a
period of one year at Chemistry Department of the Brown Univ, Providence, R.I.(USA), and a period of 18 months at
the Chemistry Department of the UCLA (Los Angeles, CA, USA) carrynig out collaborative research with prof. C.
Foote. Her current research interests focused on chemistry of dioxiranes; enantioselective oxidation of natural products;
and singlet oxygen chemistry. She has co-authored of over 14 scientific publications on major journals.
— Antonia Detomaso. Doctorate Degree in Chemistry (magna cum laude) on July 1992, she earned a Ph.D.
Degree in Chemical Sciences in 1996. At the Chemistry Department of the University of Bari as C.N.R. Fellow
(May 1996 - April 1997), then as Procter & Gamble Fellow (May 1997 - April 1998). Since January 1999 she
holds the position of Senior CNR Research Fellow at “Centro di Studio sulle Metodologie di Sintesi Organiche
(MISO)”, Chemistry Dep., University of Bari. Her current research activity regards the chemistry of dioxiranes,
selective oxidation of natural products, novel oxidation methods, and organic reaction mechanisms. She is the
author of over 7 joint scientific publications on major journals.
49
1
Title
Oxidation of Organic Substrates Employing Reactive Peroxide Systems.
2
Research Leader
Prof. Ruggero Curci
3
Names and Titles
Year of Rank
Birth
Prof. Ruggero Curci
1937
full professor
Prof. Michele Fiorentino
1943
associate professor
Dr. Caterina Fusco
1957
research (C.N.R.)
Dr. Lucia D’Accolti
1964
research
Dr. Antonia Detomaso
1967
research (C.N.R.)
Dr. Giangiuseppe Lovecchio 1971
INCA fellowship
Dr. Maria Rosaria Rella
1974
INCA fellowship
Research Input in fte
in 2001
0.5
0.5
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
6.3
Remarks
Finish 2002
Finish 2002
Comments
The major changes in the composition of the research group during the previous five years are the following.
- Dr. Giarnetti Mariagrazia carried out research in our laboratories for a period of 6 months (November 1998 –
May 1999). as a Procter & Gamble Fellow, in the framework of a joint project
- Dr. Nicoletta Roppo joined our group for a period of one year (May 6, 1999 – May 2000), as recipient of a
Procter & Gamble fellowship.
- Dr. Giangiuseppe Lovecchio received a fellowship sponsored by INCA in February 2001. In July 2002 he left
the group, taking a temporary position at the CNR Institute IRSA (Water Research) in Bari. He continues
collaborating with our group in the frame of joint research links established between this Institution and our group.
- Dr. Maria Rosaria Rella received a fellowship sponsored by INCA in January 2002. It is foreseen that she will
be able to spend a period of higher formation abroad (USA) starting October 2002.
We have reason to believe that in the future the number of research of fellowships made available so far (cf., the table
above) will not be diminished, and possibly even augmented, thus allowing the formation of new graduates. It is likely
that further contribution to the activity our group will result from the research work of undergraduates (at least 2 per
year) preparing their master theses in our laboratory (one year duration).
4
Category
Full Professors
Researchers
Researchers (C.N.R.)
Fellowship owners
Total
1997
0.5
.5
0.9
0.9
1.8
4.6
1998
.5
.5
0.9
0.9
1.5
4.2
1999
.5
.5
0.9
1.8
0.9
4.6
2000
.5
.5
0.9
1.8
3.7
2001
.5
.5
0.9
1.8
0.9
4.6
Total
2.5
2.5
4.5
7.2
5.1
21.8
Comments
Over the last two decades, this Research Unit has established a stable framework, with prof. Ruggero Curci serving as
group leader and with prof. Michele Fiorentino as senior coworker; an early addition was Dr. Lucia D’Accolti, who
50
progressed to the position of University Research Fellow (equivalent to Assistant Professor) with tenure. Other
members of the group with permanent position are Dr. Antonia Detomaso and Dr. Caterina Fusco,
both tenured Research Fellow (“Ricercatore”) of the C.N.R. Centre MISO (recently a section of ICOMM), which have
engaged in collaborative research at the Chemistry Department of University of Bari in the frame of a Convention
between the CNR and University of Bari. The basic size of the group has been periodically implemented by both
undergraduate and graduate students working at their thesis, as well as young graduates supported by fellowships
coming from the University of Bari, the CNR, or private company (such as Procter & Gamble S.p.A.). More recently,
the group was joined by two young graduates, which were recipients of INCA fellowships.
The group has authored several book chapters and articles on primary journals, which witness a proficient activity
carried out in the area of new oxidation reagents and reaction mechanisms. In recognition, our research received
financial support by the University of Bari, the Ministry of Education and Research (MIUR 60 and COFIN), the Italian
Research Council (CNR), as well as the European Union (one STEP project in collaboration with Ausimont S.p.A. and
the AEC in Winfrith, U.K.), and Procter & Gamble S.p.A.commmon funding for the research. Finally, an effort has
been done for obtaining more consistent funding for fellowships by C.N.R., European Union and Industry.
5.
Funding
5.1
Personnel (in fte)
Source
University
CNR
Other Sponsors
5.2
1998
2.6
0.9
1.5
1999
2.6
1.8
0.9
2000
2.6
1.8
2001
2.7
1.8
0.9
Total
13.1
7.2
5.1
1999
50
10
8
68
2000
35
10
8
53
2001
35
Total
185
50
95
330
Source
University - MURST
CNR
Other Sponsors
Total
5.3
1997
2.6
0.9
1.8
1997
15
15
7
37
1998
50
15
7
72
65
100
Comments
Funding made available through University of Bari include: (i) salaries for the permanent staff, funds covering 80% salary of
one postdoctoral position (assegno di ricerca); (ii) research grants from the Ministry of Education and Research (formerly
MURST 60%”), that were employed to cover costs for equipment, chemicals, and travel to scientific meeting; (iii) in 1998 and
2000, additional funds came in the frame of a COFIN project (national coordinator: Prof. Giorgio Strukul; titles: “Reactive
Peroxide Intermediates” and “Selective Oxidations of Target Molecules with Dioxiranes”); they were employed to cover costs
for equipment, chemicals, and travel to scientific meeting, as well as to cover 20% salary of the postdoctoral position
mentioned above.
In 1997 and 1998, funds (ca. 30 million Lit. total) were also made available by the C.N.R. Centre “MISO” at University of
Bari to support research in the frame of Line 2 (“Selective Oxidations”); additional C.N.R funds (10 million Lit.) came from
the participation to a CNR Coordinated National Project “Agenzia 2000” (title: “Selective Oxidations of Low Environmental
Impact employing Peroxides”). All of the CNR funds above were also employed for equipment, chemicals, and to cover basic
research costs.
Industry funds were made available by Procter & Gamble S.p.A. in the frame of an Agreement (“Convenzione”) between this
company and University of Bari specifically devoted to develop Peroxide Applied Research under the guide of Prof. Ruggero
Curci. These funds were devoted to support basic applied research by the group (30 million Lit. total) and to cover the costs of
2 annual and 2 half-annual Fellowships (60 million Lit. total) destined to young chemistry graduates or post-doctoral (Ph.D.)
fellows.
In the year 2000, the INCA sponsored our work by making available funds (65 million Lit.) in the frame of the activities
promoted by the Act L. 488/92, P6 WP2 “Soil remediation and removal of toxic pollutants”. These funds were chiefly
employed to achieve the formation of two young graduates, as recipients of INCA research contracts.
51
On the funding policy. Since 1997, funds available to our group for research available have remained substantially
stationary. A substantial fraction was devoted to formation of young scientists.
In the near future, it is hoped that a substantial increase in funds might result from the participation of our group to
National Projects (e.g., the PON blueprinted in collaboration with Syremont S.p.A ,University of Lecce, and University
of l’Aquila. This should more than compensate a decrease of CNR funding that is foreseen in the coming years. Other
funds are expected to reach us in the framework of the “Piano Nazionale INCA” on the “Chemistry of the clean
reactions and processes” (responsible: Prof. P. Tundo).
Additional efforts will be done in order to secure us grants from “other sponsors”, such as industry and the EU, by
promoting an effective co-operation with cultivating research interest that are complementary to our own.
6.
Progress Report
1.3Progress analysis
The research activity of our unit has continued to revolve around setting up and optimising novel oxidation reagents
and processes.
The main strategies followed are:
- Activation of simple and economical oxidation reagents (such as hydrogen peroxide, potassium caroate, etc.);
- Isolation of novel peroxide species that are reactive toward a variety of organic substrates;
- Build-up of efficient catalytic cycles allowing oxidation of organic substrates under mild conditions,
The final goal is to devise oxidation methods that are:
- environment friendly, allowing clean and efficient processes;
- highly selective, as to allow biomimetic oxidation of key “targets”,
and in conjunction, or alternative, are
- highly reactive as to allow the oxidative degradation of organic pollutants.
The combination of accurate reaction conditions set-up with a variety of analytical and product identification
techniques (GC, HPLC. MS, 1H- and heteronuclear NMR, UV-Vis, isotope labelling, etc) is required in order to bring
this investigations to proper fruition.
The initial results collected during the short period of activities carried out under the INCA sponsorship are
encouraging. For instance, we have applied a modification of the Fenton oxidative system (i.e. H2O2 and Fe2+/Cu2+
catalyst, at 70° C) to model polychlorinated aromatic substrates (including are representative PCB), achieving
practically complete removal of the pollutant and extensive mineralization. In parallel, tailored after our pioneering
studies in the field, the oxidative system ketone/caroate (generating dioxirane intermediates in situ) appears eminently
suited for green chemistry selective oxidations (e.g., epoxidations) involving the synthesis of fine chemicals. In fact,
most simple ketones (e.g., acetone) are rather environment friendly, can be employed in aqueous media, and are not
appreciably consumed since they merely act as catalysts. Phase-transfer systems (PTC) can be adopted for substrates
that are not appreciably soluble in aqueous media (although using acetone co-solvent could remedy the solubility
problem). Actually, suitable simple ketones that present only limited solubility in water (e.g., methylethylketone, MEK)
could be used as the organic phase in PTC caroate/ketone oxidations. Concerning the practical applications of the
systems mentioned above, it is worth of mention that the reduction product of the bulk oxidant (i.e. H2O from H2O2,
and potassium sulfate from caroate KHSO5) are no problem for the environment.
6.2
The main purpose of our collaborative efforts within the INCA Consortium is that of expanding our general
knowledge of Environmental and green Chemistry and enhancing our drive toward devising practical applications
of our research work. Positive developments are expected by further broadening the collaboration and exchange of
expertise with other INCA UdRs’. This should allow us to establish an effective network, attracting research grants
and funds to cover temporary positions (research fellowships). An additional benefit expected is that of gaining
access to sophisticated and advanced equipment at INCA Laboratories.
6.3
Key Publications
1. "Oxidation of Natural Targets by Dioxiranes. 4. A Novel Approach to the Synthesis of N-Hydroxyamino
Acids Using Dioxiranes"
Detomaso, A.; Curci, R. Tetrahedron Lett. 2001, 42, 755-758.
52
2.
"Oxyfunctionalization of Non-Natural Targets by Dioxiranes. 3. Efficient Oxidation of
Buckminsterfullerene C60 with Methyl-(trifluoromethyl)dioxirane"
Fusco, C.; Seraglia, R.; Curci, R.; Lucchini, V. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 8363-8368.
3. "Fenton Type Activation and Chemistry of Hydroxyl Radical"
Edwards, J. O.; Curci, R. in Catalytic Oxidations with H2O2 as Oxidant; Strukul, G., Ed.; Kluwer: Dodrecht,
Netherlands, 1992; Chapter 4, pp 97-151.
4. "Dioxiranes, 3-Membered Ring Cyclic Peroxides"
Adam. W.; Hadjiarapoglou, L. P.; Curci, R.; Mello, R. in Organic Peroxides; Ando, W., Ed.; Wiley: New
York, 1992 ; Chapter 4, pp 195-219.
5. "Oxidations by Methyl(trifluoromethyl)dioxirane. 2. Oxyfunctionalization of Saturated Hydrocarbons",
Mello, R.; Fiorentino, M.; Fusco, C.; Curci, R. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 6749-6757.
7.
Scientific Output
7.1
Publication Policy
The great majority of the publications listed have appeared on well established scientific journals or books
characterized by wide international circulation and high impact factor on the specialized readership. We believe it
appropriate that our findings be also circulated to industries and environmental agencies, as this might result in useful
applications and fruitful collaborations.
7.2
Numerical data
Category
Master’s Theses
8.
1997
2
1
1998
3
4
1999
2
2000
1
1
2001
3
1
Total
11
7
Self-evaluation
Our group is actively engaged in research concerning the application of novel along with classical oxidation
reagents, aiming to unfold clean and efficient methods of selective oxidation that are useful in the field of Fine
Chemicals production. With a view toward practical applications, we initiated to investigate on the degradation of
model pollutants by the suitable modifications of choice oxidation methods. Along with optimizing and reviewing
key reaction parameters in classical degradation methods (such as the Fenton oxidizing systems) for cleaning
wastewaters and soils, we have successfully explored the application of new hyperenergetic peroxide species (such
as the dioxiranes) in the degradation of chlorinated aromatics under quite mild conditions. We believe that the
INCA network of interdisciplinary expertise should provide an excellent chance to further develop our skills and
drive toward practical applications.
In order to bring our research to proper fruition, an expansion of resources seem desirable. In particular, an
increase of funding seem appropriate. This is necessary in view of the ever increasing costs of basic research
expenditures as well as of the burden of specialized equipment purchase and maintenance. Another stringent need
for appropriate resources comes from the necessity renewing the expired temporary appointments and even
expanding the size of our group by annexing young scientists, in the form of Research Fellows and/or Graduate
Students (hired on contracts). In fact, the present national research policy in regard to academic research seems to
favour creating temporary rather than permanent positions. This need is made even more stringent by the fact that
new positions (either permanent or temporary), traditionally made available by the C.N.R. are now frozen. Since
our traditional major sources of funding (i.e., the Ministry of Education and Research and the C.N.R.) are
diminishing their output (if not drying down), the lack of appropriate funds for acquiring new instrumentation (or
updating and maintaining the existing one) can be counted as another weak point.
The strong point consists in the fact that our group — although small — is stably structured (see above) and can
count on a steady flush of undergraduate student that spend a ca. 12 months period working experimentally at their
thesis on research carried out in our field. The effective network of by long established collaborations (either
national and international), enacted by our group under the leadership of prof. Ruggero Curci, could be counted as
53
another point of advantage. Among these, suffice here to mention the collaboration with various groups (prof.s P.
Williard, D. Sweigart, G. Carpenter, etc.) at Chemistry Department of Brown University (Providence, RI, USA).
In addition, pursuing our studies in this area, we plan on expanding our cooperation with other INCA UdRs’. For
instance, the collaboration with the UdR at University of l’Aquila 1 (Prof. G. Cerichelli) might result in interesting
applications concerning the reactivity of our oxidation reagents in micellar media. We also foresee to seek collaborative
work with the INCA Laboratories in Venice, especially concerning the access to high-level instrumentation suitable for
the detection of residual contaminants in trace amount eventually resulting from oxidation processes. In regard to this
aspect, in the past two years we have utilized (and shall continue to exploit) the fruitful collaboration with key scientists
at the CNR Institute IRSA (Institute for Water Research) in Bari.
Appendix I
Scientific Output
Master's Thesis
Year
1997
1998
1998
1998
1998
2000
2001
Name
Master’s Title of the Dissertation
student
Grazia Accoto
Ossifunzionalizzazione di molecole target con diossirani –
Indagini sui meccanismi di epossidazione
Oxyfunctionalization of target molecules using dioxiranes –
Epoxidation mechanism studies
Centonze Gianluca
Ossifunzionalizzazione di sostanze naturali con diossirani – Sintesi
diretta di N-idrossi–amminoacidi e derivati
Oxyfunctionalization of natural targets using dioxiranes – Direct
synthesis of N-hydroxy-amino acids and derivatives
Giarnetti
Maria Ossidazione di composti organici del Boro con diossirani
Grazia
Oxidation of Boron organic compounds using dioxiranes
Simona Petroni
Ossidazione di target non naturali con diossirani – Sintesi di
epossidi del buckminsterfullerene
Oxidation of non-natural targets using dioxiranes – Synthesis of
buckminsterfullerene epoxides
Dario A. De Pinto
Ossidazione selettiva di molecole target con diossirani
Selective oxidation of target molecules using dioxiranes
Giangiuseppe
Composti perossidici e scissione ossidativa di composti aromatici
Lovecchio
clorurati – Sistemi tipo Fenton
Peroxide compounds and oxidative degradation of chlorinated
aromatic compound – Fenton-type systems
Maria Rosaria Rella Composti perossidici iperenergetici e ossidazioni selettive
Hyperenergetic peroxides and selective oxidations
I-2
Supervisor
Curci/Fiorentin
o
Curci
Curci
Curci
Curci
Curci/Lopez
Curci
Overview of Scientific Publications (1993-2001, including accepted papers) per year
1993
"On the Facile Regeneration of Carbonyl Compounds by Oxidative Cleavage of Hydrazones Using Dioxiranes"
Altamura, A.; Curci, R.; Edwards, J. O. J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 7289-7293.
"Selective Oxidation of Tertiary-secondary vic-Diols to α-Hydoxy Ketones by Dioxiranes"
Curci, R.; D'Accolti, L.; Detomaso, A.; Fusco, C.; Takeuchi, K.; Ohga, Y.; Eaton, P. E.; Yip, Y. C. Tetrahedron Lett.
1993, 34, 4559-4562.
"Selective Oxidation of Optically Active sec,sec-1,2-Diols by Dioxiranes. A Practical Method for the Synthesis of
Homochiral α-Hydroxy Ketones in High Optical Purity"
D'Accolti, L.; Detomaso, A.; Fusco, C.; Rosa, A.; Curci, R. J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 3600-3601.
54
"Regio- and Chemoselective Epoxidation of Fluorinated Monoterpenes and Sesquiterpenes by Dioxiranes"
Lluch, A.-M.; Sanchez-Baeza, F.; Messeguer, A.; Fusco, C.; Curci, R. Tetrahedron 1993, 49, 6299-6308.
1994
“Oxidation of Natural Targets by Dioxiranes. 3. Stereoselective Synthesis of (All-R )Vitamin D3 Triepoxide and of its
25-Hydroxy Derivative”
Curci, R.; Detomaso, A.; Prencipe, T.; Carpenter, G. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116 , 8112-8115.
"Oxyfunctionalization of Non-natural Targets by Dioxiranes. Selective Oxidation of Centropolyindans"
Kuck, D.; Schuster, A.; Fusco, C.; Fiorentino, M.; Curci, R. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 2375-2381.
1995
"Enantioselective Epoxidation of Unfunctionalized Alkenes using Dioxiranes Generated In Situ"
Curci, R.; D'Accolti, L.; Fiorentino, M.; Rosa, A. Tetrahedron Lett. 1995, 36, 5831-5834.
"The oxidation of Coordinated Alkynes by Dimethyldioxirane. Conversion to α-Keto Carbene Complexes"
Sun, S.; Edwards, J. O.; Sweigart, D. A.; D’Accolti, L.; Curci, R. Organometallics 1995, 14, 1545-1547.
"Dioxirane Oxidations. Taming the Reactivity-selectivity Principle"
Curci, R.; Dinoi, A.; Rubino, M. F. Pure Appl. Chem. 1995, 67 , 811-822.
1996
"Organosilyl Peroxides",
Ricci, A.; Seconi, G. C.; Curci, R.; Larson, G. L. in Advances in Silicon Chemistry; Larson, G. L., Ed.; JAI:
Greenwich, CT, 1996; Vol 3, 63-104.
"Oxyfunctionalization of Non-Natural Targets by Dioxiranes. 2. Selective Bridgehead Dihydroxylation of
Fenestrindane"
Fusco, C.; Fiorentino, M.; Dinoi, A.; Curci, R. ; Krause, R. A.; Kuck, D. J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 8681-8684.
"Oxidation of Natural Targets by Dioxiranes. 4. High Stereo- and Regioselective Conversion of Vitamin D2 to Its (allR) Tetraepoxide and C-25 Hydroxy Derivative"
Curci, R.; Detomaso, A; Lattanzio, M. E.; Carpenter. G. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 11089-11092.
"On the Triggering of Free Radical Reactivity of Dimethyldioxirane"
Curci, R.; Dinoi, A.; Fusco, C.; Lillo, M. A. Tetrahedron Lett. 1996, 37, 249-252.
"Selective Oxidation of O-Isopropylidene Derivatives of Diols to 2-Hydroxy Ketones Employing Dioxiranes"
Curci, R.; D’Accolti, L.; Dinoi, A.; Fusco, C.; Rosa, A. Tetrahedron Lett. 1996, 37, 115-118.
1997
"Facile Conversion of Sulfilimines into Sulfoximines Using Dioxiranes"
Gaggero, N.; D’Accolti, L.; Colonna, S.; Curci, R. Tetrahedron Lett. 1997, 38, 5559-5562.
"Dioxirane Epoxidation and Oxygen Insertion into Alkane CH Bonds Do Not Involve Detectable Radical Pathways"
Adam, W.; Curci, R.; D'Accolti, L.; Dinoi, A.; Fusco, C.; Gasparrini, F.; Kluge, R.; Paredes, R.; Schulz, M.; Smerz, A.
K.; Veloza, L. A.; Weinkötz, S.; Winde, R. Chem. Eur. J. 1997, 3, 99-103.
1998
"Dioxirane Epoxidations of 1,1-Disubstituted Ethylenes. Probing for Radical Pathways by Computations and
Experiments"
Liu, J.; Houk, K. N.; Dinoi, A.; Fusco, C.; Curci, R. J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 8565-8569.
"High-yield Synthesis of Nitriles by Oxidation of Aldehyde N,N-dimethylhydrazones with Dimethyldioxirane"
Altamura, A.; D’Accolti, L.; Detomaso, A.; Dinoi, A.; Fiorentino, M.; Fusco, C.; Curci, R. Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 39,
2009-2012.
"On the Reaction of Aminoxyls with Dioxiranes"
Dinoi, A.; Curci, R.; Carloni, P.; Damiani, E.; Stipa, P.; Greci, L. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 1998, 1, 871-876.
55
1999
"Oxyfunctionalization of Non-Natural Targets by Dioxiranes. 3. Efficient Oxidation of Buckminsterfullerene C60 with
Methyl-(trifluoromethyl)dioxirane"
Fusco, C.; Seraglia, R.; Curci, R.; Lucchini, V. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 8363-8368.
"Chemo- and Diastereoselectivities in the Oxidation of Cyclopentenols with Dimethyldioxirane and Methyl(trifluoromethyl)dioxirane"
D'Accolti, L.; Fiorentino, M.; Fusco, C.; Rosa, A. M.; Curci, R. Tetrahedron Lett. 1999, 40, 8023-8027.
2000
"Synthesis and Reactivity of Manganese Tricarbonyl Complexes of the Centropolyindanes 10-Methyltribenzoquinacene
and Fenestrindane"
Dullaghan C. A,; Carpenter, G. B.; Sweigart, D. A.; Kuck, D.; Fusco, C.; Curci, R.; Organometallics 2000, 19, 22332236.
2001
"Oxyfunctionalization of Non-Natural Targets by Dioxiranes. 4. Efficient Oxidation of Binor S using
Methyl(trifluoromethyl)dioxirane"
D'Accolti, L.; Fusco, C.; Lucchini, V.; Carpenter, G. B.; Curci, R. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 9063-9066.
"On the Hydroxylation of Bicyclo[2.1.0]pentane using Dioxiranes"
Curci, R.; D'Accolti, L.; Fusco, C. Tetrahedron Lett. 2001, 42, 7087-7090.
"Oxidation of Natural Targets by Dioxiranes. 4. A Novel Approach to the Synthesis of N-Hydroxyamino Acids Using
Dioxiranes"
Detomaso, A.; Curci, R. Tetrahedron Lett. 2001, 42, 755-758.
2002
“Concerning Synthesis of Ring-A Fluorinated Anthracyclines. The Dioxirane Shunt”
D'Accolti, L.; Fusco, C.; Rella. M. R.; Curci, R. Synth. Commun, 2002, submitted.
"The Fenton Reaction Revisited for the Oxidative Degradation of 2,4-Dichlorophenol"
Detomaso, A.; Lopez, A.; Lovecchio, G.; Mascolo,G.; Curci, R. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2002, submitted.
"Dioxiranes as Green Chemistry Reagents”
Detomaso, A.; Lovecchio, G.; Rella. M. R.; Curci, R. in Green Chemistry in Italy, Iteruniversity Consortium
“Chemistry for Environment”; Albini, A.; Tundo, P., Ed.s.; Spinea, Venice (Italy); Green Chemistry Series 2002, 4,
117-123.
"Chemo- and regioselective oxidation of adamantyl derivatives by dioxiranes"
D'Accolti, L.; Kang, P.; Khan, S.; Curci, R.; Foote, C. S. Tetrahedron Lett. 2002, 43, 4649-4652.
I-4
"Process for the Degradation of Lignin by Dioxiranes"
I. Wlassics, F. Burzio, R. Curci, European Patent , EP 529326, A1 (1993).
"Process for the Degradation of Lignin by Dioxiranes"
Wlassics, I.; Burzio, F.; Curci, R. European Patent, EP 529326, A1 (1993).
I-5
Comunications
1993
"Ossidazioni Selettive e Intermedi Diossiranici"
R. Curci, L. D'Accolti, A. Detomaso, M. Fiorentino, C. Fusco, T. Prencipe,
56
Il Ruolo della Catalisi nella Chimica Industriale e nella Chimica Fine, Giornate di Studio - C.N.R., Progetto
Finalizzato C.F., Milano, 14-15 Giugno 1993; Atti..
"Ossidazione Selettiva di Dioli Vicinali Terziari-secondari in α-Idrossi Chetoni con Diossirani",
R.Curci, L. D'Accolti, A. Detomaso, C. Fusco,
XXI Convegno Nazionale Divisione Chimica Organica, S.C.I., Terrasini (PA), 28 Settembre - 2 Ottobre 1993; Atti, P
14, 82.
"Sintesi di α-Idrossi Chetoni Otticamente Attivi per Ossidazione Selettiva di Dioli Vicinali Secondari-secondari con
Diossirani",
XXI Convegno Nazionale Divisione Chimica Organica,
R.Curci, L. D'Accolti, A. Detomaso, C. Fusco, A. Rosa,
S.C.I., Terrasini (PA), 28 Settembre - 2 Ottobre 1993; Atti, P 15, 83.
"I Diossirani quali Agenti di Ossifunzionalizzazione Selettiva di Steroidi e Derivati della Vitamina D3",
R.Curci, T. Prencipe,
16, 84.
"Sistemi Tipo Fenton per il Trattamento di Contaminanti Tossici",
F. Burzio, M. Alfieri, I. Wlassics, M. Twissel, J. Wilks, R. Curci, M. F. Rubino,
182, 174.
1994
"Concerning Dioxirane Reaction Mechanisms",
R. Curci,
Italian-Israeli Seminar on Physical Organic Chemistry, Alghero (Sassari), Italy; June 27-30, 1994; Abstracts , 57.
"Dioxirane Oxidations. Taming the Reactivity-selectivity Pronciple",
R. Curci,
12th IUPAC Conference on Physical Organic Chemistry, Padova, Italy; August 28-September 3, 1994; Abstracts , PL
3, 25.
"Synthesis of Nitriles by Oxidative Cleavage of Aldheyde Hydrazones using Dioxiranes",
A. Altamura, R. Curci,
12th IUPAC Conference on Physical Organic Chemistry, Padova, Italy; August 28-September 3, 1994; Atbstacts , P
122, 229.
"Selective Oxidation of Optically Active O-Isopropylidene Derivatives of Diols by Dioxiranes. A Practical Method for
the Synthesis of Homochiral α-Hydroxy Ketones in High Optical Purity",
R. Curci, A. Bisceglia, L. D'Accolti, C. Fusco, A. Rosa,
148, 255.
"Stereoselective Synthesis of Vitamin D3 Tris-Epoxide All-R and of its 25-Hydroxy Derivative Using Dioxiranes",
R. Curci; A. Detomaso, T. Prencipe, G. B. Carpenter,
184, 291.
1995
"Processi di Ossidazione Altamente Selettivi in Condizioni Blande mediante l’impiego di Intermedi Diossiranici"
R. Curci, L. D'Accolti, A. Detomaso, M. Fiorentino, C. Fusco,
XVIII Congresso Nazionale Formazione, Ricerca e Innovazione, S.C.I., Milano, 27 Agosto - 1 Settembre 1995; Atti,
ST-P127.
1996
"Processi di Ossidazione Selettivi in Condizioni Blande Mediante l’impiego di Diossirani"
R. Curci, L.D'Accolti, A. Detomaso, M. Fiorentino, C. Fusco,
XIX Congresso Nazionale Ricerca e Tecnologia, S.C.I., Riccione, 9-14 Giugno 1996; Atti, PS1-92.
57
"On the Trapping of Free-radicals Arising in the Reaction of 1,2-Dihydro-2-methyl-2-phenyl-3H-indol-3-one-1-oxyl
with Dioxiranes"
L. Greci, P. Carloni, E. Damiani, A. Dinoi, P. Stipa, R. Curci,
7h International Symposium on Organic Free Radicals; Bardolino, Italy, June 16-21, 1996; Abstracts, 83.
1997
"Progressi nelle Ossidazione Selettiva di Substrati Organici con Diossirani"
R. Curci, XXIV Convegno Nazionale Divisione Chimica Organica, S.C.I., Salerno, 21-25 Settembre 1997; Atti, PL1.
1998
"Probing into Reaction Mechanisms of Selective Hydrocarbon Oxidations with Dioxirane",
R. Curci,
Binational Italian-Israeli Conference on Physical Organic Chemistry, Maale Hachamisha -Jerusalem, Israel; June 1416, 1998; Abstracts , 18.
" Selective Oxidations Using Doxiranes "
IASOC -Ischia Advanced School of Organic Chemistry, VIII Session, Ischia, Italy; September 26-October 1, 1998;
Abstracts, L9.
2000
"Advances in Dioxiurane Chemistry"
R. Curci, VII Joint Meeting on Heterecyclic Chemistry: Millennium Meeting, RSC - S.C.I., Folgaria (Italy) 3 - 7 Maggio
2000; Atti, PL3.
"Ossidazioni Selettive e Meccanismi Polari di Reazione di Composti Perossidici:...non solo Diossirani"
R. Curci, SCI 2000 -XX Congresso Nazionale, S.C.I., Rimini, 4 - 9 Giugno 2000; Atti, OR-PL002.
"Catalisi da Chetoni nella Ossidazione Selettiva di Substati Organici con Caroato"
R. Curci, SCI 2000 -XX Congresso Nazionale, S.C.I., Rimini, 4 - 9 Giugno 2000; Atti, ID-C-OR002.
Appendix 3
Name of the Unit:
Research Director:
Years included
Name of Journal
Dipartimento di Chimica - Bari
Curci Ruggero
1993-2002 including papers accepted for publication
Chem. Eur. J.
Number
Articles
1
of Journal
Factor
4.698
Environ. Sci. Technol.
1
3.534
Eur. J.Org. Chem.
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
1
3
2.150
6.025
J. Org. Chem.
Organometallics
7
1
3.689
3.169
Pure Appl. Chem.
1
1.257
Synthetic Commun.
1
0.828
Impact Field(s)
Multidisciplinary
Chemistry
Environmental
Engineering
and
Organic Chemistry
Multidisciplinary
Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry and
Inorganic
&
Nuclear
Chemistry
Multidisciplinary
Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
Ranking
58
Tetrahedron
Tetrahedron Lett.
1
10
2.356
2.558
Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
Comments
a) the method
The Citation Index method is adopted as a suitable in order to assess the contribution of our UdR to the knowledge of
the international scientific community in our field.
b) the results
Inspection of the table above reveals that the results of our work were reported just on high-ranking scientific journals,
mostly in the field of Organic Chemistry. All regard the field of effective oxidation processes and mechanisms. Two
key publications, one appeared on Pure Appl. Chem. and the other on Environ. Sci. Technol., witness that the aspect of
practical applications was not neglected.
59
BOLOGNA
BOLOGNA 1
INCA BOLOGNA 1
University:
Università di Bologna
University of Bologna
Faculties:
Facoltà di Ingegneria
Faculty of Engineering
Research Leader
Prof. Leonardo Marchetti
Contact People
Prof. Fabio Fava
Dipartimento di Chimica Applicata e Scienza dei Materiali
Facoltà di Ingegneria,
Viale Risorgimento, 2.
I-40136 BOLOGNA (ITALY)
Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Naturali
Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences
Departments:
Phone: +39 051 2093206-2093212
Dipartimento di Chimica Applicata e Scienza dei Materiali
Department of Applied Chemistry and Science of Fax: +39 051 2093218
Materials
Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per le Scienze [email protected]
Ambientali
Interdepartmental Research Centre for Environmental
Science
Thematic areas
1• Tecnologie biologiche enzimatiche e biomimetiche per
le sintesi ecosostenibili e la decontaminazione ambientale.
2• Chimica degli ecosistemi (chimica del suolo, delle
acque e dell’aria; impatto dei prodotti di sintesi
sull’ambiente).
3•Tecnologie innovative di monitoraggio e di prevenzione
e gestione ambientale
General remarks.
In the following sections, a description of the scientific activities carried out by two research groups belonging to the
INCA Unit “Bologna 1” (i.e., that of Prof. Marchetti, Faculty of Engineering, and that of Prof. Bruzzi of the
Faculty of Sciences, both of the University of Bologna), is presented. Almost all of the scientific activities developed
by the two teams are focused on the environment restoration, protection, and management and are therefore strictly
related to the thematic areas of INCA. Therefore, these activities are presented and discussed in the following
sessions of the report, whereas other minor activities not related to the INCA mission will not be presented here.
Collaboration between this Unit and other INCA Units of the Bologna University Seven new INCA Units have been
recently created at the University of Bologna, which, therefore, currently counts 9 distinct INCA Units. Many
complementary expertises and therefore opportunities of collaboration are now available within the local INCA
network. However, as such 7 new units have been formally established in March 2002, no significant cooperation
between local INCA Units exists at present. Prof. Fava, who belongs to the Unit “Bologna 1” and who currently
coordinates the local INCA Units, is actively working in order to integrate such a large number of expertises and
knowledge occurring at the Bologna University in order to develop cooperative research plans and to link the local
activities to those in progress within the interuniversity INCA network. The group of Prof. Bruzzi has been
incorporated by the former “Bologna 1” Unit in March 2002; thus, also in this case, several efforts are making to
efficiently integrate the activity of the new group of the Faculty of Science (Prof. Bruzzi) with those currently in
progress at the Faculty of Engineering (Prof. Marchetti); the two groups exhibit highly complementary expertises on
60
the fore front of the environment protection and restoration, and therefore an effective integration between the two
teams will be reached in a close future. However, as the present report deals with the activities of the INCA Units from
1997 to 2001, the performances of the two teams joining INCA “Bologna 1” Unit are here separately described.
Collaboration between this Unit and INCA Units of other Italian Universities
Some of the scientific activities of the Unit group of the Faculty of Engineering, such as those carried out within 3
COFIN/PRIN projects, an INCA project for the Agro-industry and the SISIFO project, have been carried out under
strict collaboration with other INCA research Units belonging to other Italian Universities, such as those of the
Universities of Roma, Viterbo, Milano, Torino, Genova, Napoli, Cagliari e Messina. The activities related to these
projects are marked with an asterisks (*) in the present report.
Budget obtained by the Unit from INCA
Some research activities carried out at the Faculty of Engineering, such as those related to the SISIFO project and the
INCA research Agro-industrial project, have been economically supported by INCA; these projects are marked with
two asterisks (**) in the present report.
The University of Bologna is the oldest in the western world: 1088 may be accepted as conventional date to indicate
when teaching became free and independent of ecclesiastic schools. Bologna University is one of the largest
universities in Italy and in Europe. It is a state university and it is autonomous with its own “statuto” which indicates
how the University governs itself through its various elected bodies. The University government and the main research
and teaching activity are located in Bologna, but many new research and teaching activities have been recently
dislocated in other Cities of the Emilia Romagna region, such as Cesena, Faenza, Forli’, Ravenna and Rimini. The
whole University currently counts about 900 professors, 1,000 associated professors, 1,050 researchers and more than
100,000 students. It is divided in 19 Faculties, 65 Departments, 5 Federated Departments (“Unità Complesse”), 3
Institutes and it currently offers about 65 “laurea” degree courses and 45 “diploma” degree courses in the following
subject areas: a)Agriculture; b) Economics; c) Education and Humanities; d) Engineering; e) Industrial Chemistry,
f)Law; g) Literature and Philosophy; h) Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences; i) Medicine; l) Pharmacy; m)
Political Science; n) School of Modern Languages for Interprets and Translators; o) Statistical Sciences; p) Veterinary
Medicine; q) Foreign Languages and Literatures.
The Faculty of Engineering has more than 12,000 students and about 500 Faculty members and its consists of about 10
independent Departments. A group of people of the Unit belongs to the Department of Applied Chemistry and Science
of Materials of this Faculty. This Department counts about 40 people, 29 of which are Researchers and Professors. The
research activity of the Department is focused on 3 different fields: Polymer Chemistry, Material Science &
Technologies and Environmental Biotechnology. The group of Prof. Marchetti is the only one involved in teaching and
reaserch activities related to the field of the Environmental Biotechnology at the the Department of Applied Chemistry
and Material Sciences and at the Faculty of Engineering of Bologna. Another group of people joining the Unit belongs
to Interdepartmental Research Centre for Environmental Science, dislocated in Ravenna and part of the Faculty of
Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences. This Faculty is made up of seven Departments devoted not only to the
scientific activity but also to education and training of students: Department of Astronomy, Department of
Experimental Biology, Department of Chemistry, Department of Mathemathics, Department of Geological and
Geominerological Science, Department of Information Technology, and Department of Pathology. In the Academic
year 1999/2000, the Faculty had a total of 6547 students and 982 new enrollments.
The Unit
The Unit consists of two sub-groups: one belonging to the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Bologna and the
second one, operating in Ravenna at the Interdepartmental Research Centre for Environmental Science, belonging to
the Faculty of Science of the same University. The group operating at the Faculty of Engineering has been specifically
involved in research of Environmental Biotechnology (bioremediation of contaminated soils and waste-waters) since
1990; it consists of two professors, two researchers and a PhD student, and it is responsible for the following courses
for students of “Environmental Engineering” and “Chemical Engineering” of the Faculty of Engineering of Bologna:
1.Organic Chemistry;
2.Analytical Chemistry for the Environment and the Industry;
3.Industrial Biochemistry;
4.Environmental Biotechnology.
61
The group operating at the Interdepartmental Research Centre for Environmental Science located in Ravenna and
belonging to the Faculty of Science, consists of one professor, two post-doctoral researchers, and one post-graduate
fellow. The group is involved in the following research activities:
Methods for the environmental risk prevention and management;
Monitoring of chemical, biological and ecotoxicological parameters in contaminated sites, jointly
with the Montecatini Environmental Centre;
Measurements of natural and artificial radioactivity in environmental matrices (e.g. soils, sediments,
waters);
1 Development of biotechnological processes for the bioremediation of soils, sediments and waste-waters contaminated
by organic pollutants.
2
Research Leaders
Prof. Leonardo Marchetti/Prof. Fabio Fava
2a
Methods for the environmental risk prevention and management
Prof. Luigi Bruzzi
Names and Titles
Year of Rank
Birth
Leonardo Marchetti
1940
Full professor
Fava Fabio
1963
0.5
Diana Di Gioia
1965
Associated
Professor
Researcher
Lorenzo Bertin
1970
Reseracher
0.9
Giulio Zanaroli
1976
PhD student
1.0
Luigi Bruzzi
1935
Associated
Professor
0.4
Serena Righi
1966
Roberta Guerra
1966
Valentina Boragno
1975
Post-doc
0.5
researcher
Post-doc
0.8
researcher
Post graduate 0.5
fellow
6.0
Research
Input in fte
in 2001
0.2
0.9
Remarks
He has been joining the Faculty of
Engineering since 1963
She has been joining the Faculty of
Engineering as researcher since
2001
Research Sub-programme
He
joined
the
Faculty
of
Engineering from ---to …..and he
has joining the Faculty of Science
since ….
Comments
Major changes in the composition of the research group’s staff during the previous 5 years.
Fabio Fava, who had been University Researcher at the Faculty of Engineering from 1989 to 2000, became Associated
Professor of the same Faculty in November 2000. Diana Di Gioia had been research assistant of the Faculty of
Engineering from 1991 to 2001; she became University Researcher of the same Faculty on April 1, 2001. Lorenzo
62
Bertin had joined the Faculty of Engineering from 1997 to 2001 as PhD student and he became University Researcher
of the same Faculty on October 1, 2001.
Luigi Bruzzi had been Associate Professor at the Faculty of Engineering from 1970 to 1994; since then he has been
teaching ‘Principles of Environmental Impact Assessment’ at the Environmental Science degree course, located in
Ravenna. Serena Righi had joined the Faculty of Engineering as a PhD student from 1996 to 1999, and has been
research assistant at the Interdepartmental Research Centre for Environmental Science since 2000; Roberta Guerra
joined the Interdepartmental Research Centre for Environmental Science in 1998, and she has been working as reserach
assistant since 2000; Valentina Boragno joined the group in 2001 as a post-graduate fellow.
Major changes in the composition of the research group’s staff during the next 5 years.
No significant changes in terms of number of people and/or positions covered by the above mentioned people within
the Research group of the Faculty of Engineering are expected for the next 5 years.
The Prof. Bruzzi’s team will be engaged in new projects dealing with the environmental certification of municipalities
located on the coastal areas near Ravenna: new collaboration will start with the Region Emilia Romagna, research
organizations, namely ENEA (National Organization for Energy, Environment and Innovation), and environmental
Agencies such as ARPA (Regional Agency for Environment Protection). This involvement will result in a growth of
people working on the projects of the group.
4
Category
Full Professor
1997
0.4
0.4
1998
0.4
0.4
1999
0.4
0.4
2000
0.2
.9
2001
0.2
.9
Total
1.6
3
Ricercatori
Post-docs
PhD-students
Borsisti
Total
0.8
0.8
0.8
1.5
1.5
0.5
3.6
1.5
0.5
3.6
0.0
1.3
1.0
1.2
1.3
1.0
0.5
5.1
3.6
2.6
6.5
1.5
18.8
3.1
3.4
Comments
The research unit of the Faculty of Engineering increased significantly in size and in level of covered positions during
the last 2 years.
5
Funding
5.1
Personnel (in fte)
Source
University
CNR
European Union
Other Sponsors
Total
5.2
1997
3.1
1998
3.6
1999
3.6
1
4.1
1
4.6
2
5.6
2000
3.5
2001
5.1
Total
19.4
5.7
1
6.5
1
5
25.4
2000
65 (*)
45
2001
65 (*)
47
30
55
30
30
60
25 (*)
(**)
1
Source
University - MURST
CNR
EU
Other Sponsors
1997
25 (*)
55
10
50
30
1998
20
55
30
80
1999
45 (*)
55
30
30
Total
477
70
175
275
63
Total
5.3
170
185
160
225
30
257
997
Comments:
On the figures:
Personnel listed by the group of the Faculty of Engineering is permanent staff. The PhD student Zanaroli is
paid by the University of Bologna. It is probable that he becomes a new staff person in a few years and that
another PhD student joins the group.
Personnel listed by the group of the Interdepartmental Research Centre for Environmental science is mainly
temporary staff. The two post-docs are paid by the University of Bologna and partially by self-fundings. It is
probable that they become a new staff person in a few years.
On the Unit cooperation with other INCA Units:
Funds and activities related to PRIN/COFIN projects (funded by MURST) joined by the team of the Faculty of
Engineering are marked with an asterisk (*). Two of them were jointly prepared with INCA research Units belonging to
the Universities of Viterbo, Genova, Roma, Napoli and Caserta (II University of Napoli) (see below for further details
on the research Units). In 2001, the team of the Faculty of Engineering joined the SISIFO project, within which it is
actively collaborating with INCA units belonging to the Universities of Venezia, Cagliari, Milano, Genova, Napoli,
Torino, Calabria, Viterbo and Roma (see below for more details on the Units). The team of the Faculty of Engineering
also joined the INCA “Piano Nazionale ‘La sostenibilità e la valorizzazione nel comparto dei residui agroindustriali’"
in 2001; within this project it is collaborating with the INCA units of the University of Viterbo, Firenze and Messina
(see below for more details on the Units).
Research projects directly funded by INCA (15 Million Lire, for the Unit Participation in the SISIFO project and 10
Million Lire for the Unit participation in the Agro-industrial Research Plan) are marked with two asterisks (**)
The activities carried on by the Bruzzi’s group will develop new approaches to the environmental analysis of coastal
areas, with particular attention to the problems connected to the dredged sediments and the restoration of the beaches.
This activity will probably involve contacts with other groups of INCA. Funds relative to projects financed by regional,
national and european institutions are those underlined.
On the funding policy:
The main source of budget for the group of the Faculty of Engineering is represented by the Italian Ministry of
Research (MURST), which finances research throughout COFIN/PRIN interuniversity projects and CNR projects, and
the University of Bologna, which supports research by means of the ex-60% budget. However, a significant part of the
1997 budget was obtained from ENEL SpA (Italian Company for Electricity); another significant budget was collected
by the same group through a NATO-Science for Peace project in the years 2000 and 2001. A small budget was also
obtained from INCA through the SISIFO project and the Agro-industry INCA research project.
The group of the Faculty of Engineering is currently operating in order to prepare applied-research projects jointly with
Italian Private Companies and International private Companies; for instance, it is currently interacting with an
American company interested in testing some biogenic surfactants in the bioremediation of hydrocarbon and PCBcontaminated soils and it is in contact with some European Companies located in the Eastern Europe interested in
submitting a joint project to EU. Thus, the group of the Faculty of Engineering is working in order to implement
connections with Companies involved in the field of soil and wastewaters bioremediation to increase the budgets
coming from private Companies and private Research Institutions.
The group of the Interdepartmental Research Centre for Environmental Research, currently involved in international
networks, is planning to prepare joint research projects in the field of Integrated Coastal Management, and has already
submitted an Expression of Interest under the VI Programme of the European Union, to establish a network among 20
European and non European partners.
On the major sponsors and the character of the liaison with them:
Regarding the researches carried out at the Faculty of Engineering, the main sponsors are, as mentioned above, the
Italian Ministry of Research (MURST), the University of Bologna and CNR. INCA has recently become another
sponsor for the same team. Interactions occurring between the research team and such supporting Institutions are well
known; thus, no details on this matter are provided. In 1997, ENEL SpA financed a research project on the application
of cyclodextrins in the bioremediation of PCB-contaminated soils. In this case, the research approach and methods were
developed at the Bologna University during the first 6 months of the project and then the research activity was
transferred to ENEL laboratories, in Brindisi, where a MS student (Advisor: Prof. Fabio Fava) continued the
preliminary work carried out at the Faculty of Engineering of Bologna, thus completing the project. The results have
been presented (jointly by the University of Bologna and ENEL SpA) at an Italian Conference. About the research
64
project funded by NATO, the research carried out at the Faculty of Engineering as well as the work performed by 2
public Hungarian research Institutions (Technical University of Budapest and Hungarian Academy of Science,
Budapest, HU) and 3 private Companies joining the project, has been periodically described in 6 months-scientific
reports submitted to a NATO scientific committee, which then decided on the opportunity to continue to finance the
research activities planned in the 3-year research project originally submitted to NATO. The same NATO committee
visits the Hungarian Facilities mainly involved in the field experiments during the II year of the project. All papers and
presentations along with all formative activities for young scientists (such as workshops and summer schools) derived
from the joint project have to be submitted to the same NATO scientific committee.
The activities carried on by the Bruzzi’s team are mainly supported by the Emilia-Romagna Region (collaboration in a
project aimed to define guidelines for environmental management of coastal areas), by the municipality of Cervia
(certification based on EMAS regulation), University of Bologna and Ceramic Centre (measurement of natural
radioactivity and radon indoor).
6.
Progress Report
6.1
Mission Statement
The research group of the Faculty of Engineering is mainly involved in research in the field of the Environmental
Biotechnology. In particular, this group works along 3 different lines:
1)Isolation and characterization (under biochemical, microbiological and genetic points of view) of aerobic chemoorganotrophic bacteria capable of degrading chlorinated organic xenobiotics, such as polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs),
chlorobenzoic acids, chlorophenols, and hydrocarbons, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and
hydroxylated and/or methoxylated phenyl-acetic and phenyl-propenoic acids. These are in general a fundamental
research and therefore its main client is primarily the scientific community.
2) Design and development of laboratory-scale, packed-bed biofilm reactors for the batch and continuous treatment
of PCB-contaminated waste-waters, olive mill wastewaters and the effluents of anaerobic digestors fed with olive
mill wastewaters.
These are applied researches and therefore they potentially interest National Industries (i.e., those producing olive mill
wastewaters), or international Companies (interested in developing technologies for the treatment of PCB-contamianted
waters). However, contacts with these Companies are only prelimary at the moment.
3) Design and development of laboratory-scale reactors for the bioremediation of soils contaminated by PCBs and
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Use of slurry- and solid-phase microcosms along with different types of
reactors for determining the biotreatability of contaminated soils and sediments under aerobic and anaerobic
conditions and the role of exogenous inocula and pollutant “solubilizing” agents on the process have been
developed as reserach topics.
These are applied researches; thus, in addition to the scientific community, the clients for the results of these research
projects are regional and national authorities (i.e., MURST, the Italian Ministry of Environment, the local Environmental
Protection Agencies, that, as an example, are supporting the SISIFO project), national and international industries (such
as ENEL SpA and those joining the NATO Science for Peace project) and educational and training programmes (such
as the Summer Schools and workshops held within the SISIFO project and the NATO Science for Peace project).
The research group of the Interdepartmental Research Centre for Environmental Science is mainly involved in
research in the field of Methods for Environmental Prevention and Management, and Environmental Monitoring.
6.2
The group of the Faculty of Engineering started to work in the field of the environmental biotechnology in 1990. It
belongs to the Department of Applied Chemistry and Science of Materials and therefore over the years it has purchased
instruments and equipments required for running biological, microbiological and genetic analysis on micro-organisms
along with reactors suitable for their cultivation. The required know-how has been obtained from other Italian
laboratories and throughout several long and short term stays of Fabio Fava in some American laboratories (such as
those at the New Jersey Institute of Technology and those at the Rutgers University -NJ, USA-, specialized in the field
of the Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology) and of Diana Di Gioia who spent 2 months in the laboratory of
Environmental Microbiology (Ottawa University, Canada) to learn advanced molecular techniques for the genetic
characterization of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria. The research activities carried out by the group during the last five
years can be subdivided, as proposed above, in three lines, which also presently represent the main research topics of
the team.
65
1) Isolation and characterization of aerobic chemo-organotrophic bacteria capable of degrading chlorophenols,
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and hydroxylated and/or methoxylated phenyl-acetic and phenyl-propenoic
acids. These isolates have been obtained from contaminated wastewaters and soils through conventional enrichment
procedures. In general, they have been characterized for their taxonomy (through conventional approaches and/or via
16S rDNA sequence analysis), biodegradation potential vs. the organic pollutant (in resting- and growing-cell batch
conditions), the biochemical routes through which they degrade the xenobiotic compound (by detecting and
characterizing specific enzyme activities in the cell crude extract of the strain, by determining the occurrence of specific
genes in the total or purified DNA of the isolate through hybridisation experiments or by chemically characterizing
intermediate metabolites accumulated in the crude extracts or liquid cultures of the bacterium) and kinetic parameters,
such as µmax, Ks, Ki, etc., describing the growth of the isolates on the xenobiotic or the activity of their specific enzymes
vs. the xenobiotic (in batch conditions and, for the cultures, in a chemostat; in general, the kinetic models of Monod,
Michaelis-Menten, Andrews or Haldane have been used).
2)Development of laboratory-scale packed-bed biofilm reactors for batch and continuous treatment of olive mill
wastewaters and the effluents of anaerobic digestors fed with olive-mill wastewaters. In the first case, a consortium of
anaerobic bacteria previously developed in an pilot-scale, anaerobic digestor was immobilized in two identical 2-litres
anaerobic reactors packed with silica beads or granular activated carbon and used for the bioremediation and valorisation
(through methane production) of olive mill wastewaters. The reactors were first employed in batch conditions and
compared (in terms of COD and phenolic compound depletion and methane production) and they were then modified,
applied and tested for their microbial stability and flexibility under continuous operative conditions. In the second
project (that related to the post-treatment of effluents of anaerobic digestor rich in persisting phenolic compounds), 2
identical 1 litre-aerobic reactors packed with silica beads or polyurethane cubes were used to passively immobilize an
aerobic bacterial co-culture (previously developed in the laboratory) capable of extensively biodegrading the
hydroxylated and/or methoxylated phenyl-acetic and phenyl-propenoic acids persisting in such effluents. The reactors
were compared for their depurative performance under batch conditions by using both a synthetic mixture of monocyclic
aromatic phenolic compounds and a real effluent of an anaerobic digestor fed with olive mill wastewater. The
biotechnological processes developed under the two projects exhibited the required features and performances to be
scaled up. The team is currently looking at Companies interested in supporting this stage of the research under
economical and technological point of view.
3) Fundamental and applied researches on the bioremediation of contaminated soils and sediments. Several laboratoryscale, aerobic reactors for the biological removal of PCBs and hydrocarbons from freshly-spiked and agedcontaminated soils have been designed, developed and described in the literature. Furthermore, slurry- and solid-phase
anaerobic and aerobic microcosms along with slurry-, semisolid- and solid-phase aerobic reactors (including packedbed loop reactors) have been developed and employed to assess the actual “bio-treatability” of some aged-contaminated
soils (as it has been done within the SISIFO research project) and PCB-contaminated sediments of the Venice Lagoon
(as it has been done within the COFIN/PRIN project entitled “Liquid and gaseous depurative treatments to remove high
toxicity pollutants (priority pollutants) with particular reference to environmental recovery of the Venetian industrial
area” coordinated by Prof. Volpicelli of the University of Napoli) as well as for determining the effects of the addition
of exogenous specialized bacteria or pollutant-“solubilizing” agents, such as synthetic and biogenic surfactants and
cyclodextrins, on the bioremediation of PCB-contaminated soils (as it has been done in the project funded by ENEL
SpA, in the NATO Science for Peace project and in other related research activities funded by MURST). The use of
biogenic “solubizing”-agents in the bioremediation of PCBs contaminated soils has been an original idea developed and
extensively investigated by the team of the Faculty of Engineering during the last 5 years. Several international papers
derived from this work; thus, a brief description of the objectives, approaches and results of the research described in
these papers is provided here.
Bioremediation is generally considered as a safer, environmental friendly and significantly less expensive method to
remove harmful pollutants from soils when compared to physical and chemical processes. For these reasons, biological
treatment of contaminated soils has become dominant during the last decades. However, bioremediation can be time
consuming and unsatisfactory when applied to soils historically contaminated by highly-hydrophobic pollutants, such
as PAHs and/or PCBs. In fact, these pollutants are generally poorly bioavailable in such soils as, due to their highly
hydrophobic nature, they tend to strongly a(d)sorb onto the soil organic matter, thus becoming scarcely available in the
soil water-phase, where the specialized microorganisms are generally located and active. The bioavailability and, in
turn, the biodegradation of PAHs and PCBs in such contaminated matrixes may be enhanced by amending them with
suitable “solubilizing” agents. A number of commercial synthetic surfactants have been tested for this purpose; in
general, they resulted to be very effective “solubilizing” agents but often they also resulted to be recalcitrant and toxic
compounds in the amended matrixes. Cyclodextrins (CDs), which are anular D-glucose-oligosaccharides extensively
used as solubilizing agents for hydrophobic molecules in the food and pharmaceutical industry, and in particular
hydroxypropyl-β-CD, γ-CD and randomly methylated-β-CD (RAMEB), have been tested by the team and found to be
66
non-toxic and biodegradable additives capable of significantly enhancing the aerobic biodegradation of PCBs in agedcontaminated soils under solid-, slurry- and fixed-phase laboratory-scale conditions. RAMEB was found to be also
effective in the bioremediation of PCB- and PAH-contaminated soils in technological-scale, solid-phase reactors and it
is currently applied in the field bioremediation of a contaminated site located in Hungary (within the Science for Peace
NATO project; visit web site www.cyclolab.hu/nato for more details).
Phytogenic surfactants, such as Quillaya Saponin (QS) and Soya Lecithin (SL), were also tested by the team for the
same reasons and found to be very interesting biogenic PCBs solubilizing agents and capable of intensifying the
aerobic bioremediation of PCB-contaminated soils. In general, these agents conjugated interesting pollutantsolubilizing effects with a low-toxicity and a good biodegradability. In particular, QS influenced positively the
bioremediation of an aged-contaminated soil under slurry-phase conditions , whereas SL strongly enhanced the aerobic
biodegradation of PCBs in a model soil spiked with Fenclor42 and treated under slurry-phase conditions. Prof. Fava
and Dr. Di Gioia received the “best paper award for 2001” from the American Oil Chemists’Society (AOCS) for the
work they did (published in Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 72, 177, 2001) on the SL application in soil
bioremediation of PCB-contaminated soils. Future research activities and efforts will be concentrated on the
application of other biogenic “solubilizing” agents in the bioremediation of PCB and PAH-contaminated soils during
the next 5 years. This research activity will be carried out within the SISIFO project and, in particular for the
application of SL, within an agreement with an American Company which has already expressed the interest in testing
its SL-based industrial products in the field of bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated sites. Significant efforts
will also be made in order to implement the research area related to the detection and characterization (under
biochemical, microbiological and ecological point of view) of processes of reductive dechlorination of PCBs and
chlorinated organic pesticides in contaminated sediments of Italian and European contaminated lakes, rivers and marine
areas and in sludges resulting from biological plants treating industrial wastewaters containing chlorinated organic
pollutants.
The research group of the Interdepartmental Research Centre for Environmental Science develops and carries on
its research projects as follows:
1.Environmental characterization of case-study areas, with the employment of simulation models when
required;
2.Assessment of the Environmental Risk associated with contaminated sites, and assessment of the
remediation options by laboratory experiments.
6.3
The team of the Faculty of Engineering is collaborating with research teams belonging to different Departments of the
University of Bologna, such as:
1.Department of Chemical Engineering, Mining and Environmental Sciences (Proff. Nocentini, Pinelli,
Magelli, Sarti)
2.Department of Biological Sciences (Prof. Zannoni)
3.Department of Agricultural Sciences and Environmental Technologies (Prof. Biavati)
4.National Cancer Research Institute (Genova), Bologna’s Satellite Unit (INCA Unit Bologna 5) (Prof. Grilli;
Dr. Colacci)
5.Department of Farmaceutical Sciences (Prof. Matteuzzi)
6.Department of Industrial Chemistry and Sciences of Material (Units INCA
Prof. Trifiro’ and Prof. Morselli).
The Faculty of Engineering team is running with these teams common research projects, by sharing equipments with
them. In addition, several MS theses have been prepared within this local network and students have been often
exchanged within the same network. As for the future, the Unit are evaluating collaboration with other INCA research
Units of the University of Bologna, in order to develop common research projects and formative local initiatives.
1.Regional co-operation
The team of the Faculty of Engineering has collaborated with Area SpA (Ravenna; Ing. Bazzi) and with the
Montecatini Environmental Research Center (Marina di Ravenna, Ravenna; Dr. Iacondini; Dr. Serra). Some MS
students have prepared their thesis in strict collaboration with these Centers, which represent the main private regional
centers where research and other activities on the environmental defence and management are in progress.
2.National co-operation (including INCA)
The team of the Faculty of Engineering of Bologna has already completed 2 distinct COFIN/PRIN interuniversity
research projects and it is currently involved in other 2 COFIN/PRIN research projects. One of the completed project
67
(entitled “Utilization, stabilization and valorisation of aromatic components of agroindustrial residues”; National
Coordinator: Prof. Giovannozzi-Sermanni of the University of Viterbo) and one of those underway (entitled “Set-up of
defined and concerted actions to perform an ecocompatible upgrading of olive mill wastewaters”; national coordinator:
Prof. Giovannozzi-Sermanni of the University of Viterbo) have been jointly prepared with INCA research Units
belonging to other Universities, such as the Unit of Prof. Giovannozzi-Sermanni (University Viterbo), that of Prof.
Canepa (University of Genova), that of Prof. Beccari (University of Roma), that of Prof. Piccolo (University of
Napoli), that of Prof. Lucio Previterra (University of Napoli) and that of Prof. Aliotta (University of Caserta, II
University of Napoli). In the other completed project (entitled “ Liquid and gaseous depurative treatments to remove
high toxicity pollutants (priority pollutants) with particular reference to environmental recovery of the Venetian
industrial area”; National Coordinator: Prof. Volpicelli of the University of Napoli), the team of the Faculty of
Engineering is collaborating with research Units of the University of Roma (the INCA Unit coordinated by Prof.
Beccari), University of Verona (the INCA Unit coordinated by Prof. Cecchi), University of Napoli (Prof. Volpicelli),
University of Venezia (Prof. Traverso), and the University of Genova (Prof. Veglio’). In the other COFIN/PRIN in
progress (entitled “Vanillin production through microbial conversion of agro-industrial residues” coordinated by Prof.
Sorlini of the University of Milano), the same unit collaborates with the University of Milan (Proff. Sorlini, Daffonchio
and Molinari), University of Viterbo (Prof. Ruzzi) and the University of Genova (INCA Unit of Prof. Del Borghi). In
2001, the team of the Faculty of Engineering joined the SISIFO project, within which it is actively collaborating with
the following INCA units (listed in terms of the Unit coordinator’s name): Prof. Baldi (University of Venezia), Prof.
Cao (University of Cagliari), Prof. Galli (University of Milano), Prof. Del Borghi (University of Genova), Prof. Piccolo
(University of Napoli), Prof. Pramauro (University of Torino), Prof. Zerbinati (University of Torino), Prof.
Molinari/Drioli (University of Calabria), Prof. Giovannozzi-Sermanni (Universitry of Viterbo), Prof. Mentasti
(University of Torino), Prof. Beccari (University of Roma) and Prof. Canepa (University of Genova). The team of the
Faculty of Engineering also joined the INCA “Piano Nazionale ‘La sostenibilità e la valorizzazione nel comparto dei
residui agroindustriali’" in 2001; within this project it collaborated with the following INCA Units (listed in terms of
Unit coordinator): Prof. Giovannozzi-Sermanni (University of Viterbo), Prof. Mincione (University of Viterbo), Prof.
Scozzafava (University of Firenze) and Prof. Micali (University of Messina).
The same team contributes to the 1st Summer School on “Ricerca , sperimentazione e sviluppo di tecnologie di bonifica
di siti inquinati” organized by a large number of INCA Units joining the SISIFO project in collaboration with the
Italian Ministry of the University and the Italian Ministry of the Environment.
This extensive collaboration within the INCA network has been of special interest for the scientific growth of the team
of the Faculty of Engineering. Indeed, thank to this national network the team could join 3 of the COFIN/PRIN projects
mentioned above and has had the chance to join the SISIFO network along with all its strategic initiatives in the field of
the soil remediation. Therefore, the team will do its best to intensify the collaboration currently available within the
INCA network during the next 5 years.
The team of the Faculty of Engineering has also collaborated with ENEL SpA (Brindisi), where MS students of the
Faculty of Engineering of the University of Bologna are often sent for preparing their thesis.
3.International co-operation
The research Unit of the Faculty of Engineering is collaborating with the following International institutions:
A) within the framework of the NATO Science for Peace N.973720 entitled "Decontamination of Hydrocarbon
Polluted Military Sites to Decrease Environmental Risks-Low-Cost Cyclodextrin Technology" (web site
www.cyclolab.hu/nato), it is collaborating with research Units of the:
-Technical University of Budapest, Hungary (Dr. K. Gruiz);
-Hungarian Academy of Science of Budapest, Hungary (Dr. A. Muranyi);
-Cyclolab Ltd, Budapest, Hungary (Prof. J. Szejtli);
-Thermal Desorption Technology Group, Budapest, Hungary (Mr. E. Someus);
-Dunaferr/Innopark , Budapest, Hungary.
The team of the Faculty of Engineering has been collaborating with these Research Groups since 1998. In collaboration
with these research teams, it has published 2 international papers, organized 2 training courses (one in Bologna and the
other in Budapest) and exchanged some students and young scientists. This collaboration is of special interest for the
team (it allowed the Faculty of Engineering of Bologna to join the NATO Science for Peace project) and therefore it
will do its best to intensify these contacts during the next 5 years.
B) within an Erasmus Program (of which Prof. Fava is the main coordinator), the Unit is collaborating with the Institute
of Chemical Technology, Technika 5 166 28 00 Prague 5 Czech Republic (Prof. K. Demnerova). A MS student of
68
environmental engineering the Faculty of Engineering has been exchanged during the last year and another one will
move to Prague at the end of the year in order to prepare his MS thesis in environmental Microbiology.
C) The team is collaborating with the New Jersey Institute of Technology (Newark, NJ, USA), Hazardous Substance
Management Research Center (Newark, NJ, USA) (Prof. P.M. Armenante), and Rutgers University, both at Newark
and in New Brunswick (NJ, USA) (Prof. D. Kafkewitz and Prof. L.Y. Young, respectively). The team of the Faculty of
Engineering has been collaborating with these Research Centers since 1993. Seven international papers have published
jointly with them, 3 other papers are in preparation and 3 MS students plus 2 PhD students have been already
exchanged within this network. This extensive collaboration is of special interest for the team of the Faculty of
Engineering and therefore it will do its best to intensify exchanges with these laboratories during the next years.
The research group of the Interdepartmental Research Centre for Environmental Science has been and is still involved
in the following international projects:
1.UNESCO/UNITWIN Network for ‘Mutual Support for Advancement of Education and Training, and
Promotion of Wise Practices for Sustainable Human Development in Coastal Areas (WiCoP)’, among the
University of Cadiz (Spain), University of Bologna (Italy), the University of Aviro (Portugal), the Russian
State Hydrometeoriological University (RSHU) of S.Petersburg (Russia), and the University of Latvia;
2.EURO-ECORISK project: High-level Scientific Conferences on ‘Environmental Risk Assessment:
Advanced Analytical Techniques’ for young researchers from Member and Associated States, jointly
organised by the University of Bologna, Environmental Science and the Budapest University of Technology
and Economics, 1999-2002 (contract number HPCT-1999-00159), financed by the European Union under the
V Programme for Research and Technological Develpment – Human Potential thematic programme (scientific
coordinator: Prof. L.Bruzzi, University of Bologna; local organisers: Dr. R.Serra (Montecatini Environmental
Research Centre, Italy), and Prof. K.Gruiz (Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary);
3.Italian-Romanian Intergovernmental Agreement for technical and scientific cooperation between the
University of Bologna and the University of Bucharest on ‘Long-term risk assessment of mining site
exploitation’; financed by the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 2000-2004;
4.Italian-Hungarian Intergovernmental Agreement for technical and scientific cooperation between the
University of Bologna and the Budapest University of Technology and Economics on ‘Long-term risk
assessment of contaminated sediments: new methodology and standardisation’; financed by the Italian
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 2000-2002;
5.Socrates-Erasmus exchanging programme between the University of Bologna, Environmental Science
(coordinator Prof. L. Bruzzi) and:
5.3The University of Aveiro (Portugal)
5.4The University of Cadiz (Spain)
5.5Tampere University (Finland)
5.6Budapest University of Technology and Economics (Hungary)
6.Inter-University Agreement between the University of Bologna, Environmental Science and the Budapest
University of Technology and Economics (Hungary);
7.Italian-Russian Workshops on ‘Environmental Quality in Urban areas’, Ravenna, 23-27 november 1999, and
S.Petersburg, 22-27 March, 2000, financed by the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs;
6.4
The Unit is convinced that bioremediation of contaminated soils and wastewaters will have a growing role in the
defence and protection of the environment in the future. Due to the increasing awareness in problems related to the soil
and wastewater contamination, there is a need for further optimisation of the existing bioremediation processes. The
team of the Faculty of Engineering contributes to this necessity by testing solubilizing agents that may intensify the
biological removal of hydrophobic pollutants from contaminated soils and by developing packed-bed biofilm reactors
for a more effective removal of pollutants from contaminated wastewaters. Of course, the contribute that the group can
give in this area is relatively limited, mostly for its small size and availability of budget; however, it hopes to remain
and to increase its role in the fore front of research in this area for the next 5 years.
6.5
Fabio Fava is the current coordinator of the INCA research Units (that are 9 since March 2002) of the University of
Bologna. Therefore, he is the delegate of the Rector of the University of Bologna in the INCA “Direttivo” .
69
Fabio Fava is co-director of the 1st National Summer School on “Ricerca , sperimentazione e sviluppo di tecnologie di
bonifica di siti inquinati” organized by INCA in collaboration with the Italian Ministry of the University and of the
Italian Ministry of the Environment.
Fabio Fava is the main coordinator of the Research Project Science for Peace NATO N. 973720 titled
“Decontamination of Hydrocarbon Polluted Military Sites to Decrease Environmental Risks-Low-Cost Cyclodextrin
Technology” (January 1, 2000-Dcember 31, 2002) joined by the team of the Faculty of Engineering of Bologna and
along with two public research institutions (Technical University of Budapest and the Hungarian Academy of Science
of Budapest, Hungary) and three private Hungarian Companies (Cyclolab Ltd, Budapest, Hungary, Thermal
Desorption Technology Group, Budapest, Hungary and Dunaferr/Innopark , Budapest, Hungary) (web site
www.cyclolab.hu/nato).
Fabio Fava is the coordinator of an ERASMUS exhange program (for the preparation of MS thesis) between the University of
Bologna and the Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague 6, Prague, Czech Republic.
Prof. Fava is Peer-reviewer of the following international journals: Bioremediation Journal, Research in Microbiology, FEMS
Microbiology Letters, Biotechnology & Bioengineering
6.6
Key Publications
1)Fava F., Di Gioia D., Marchetti L. (1998) Cyclodextrins effects on the ex-situ bioremediation of a chronically
polychlorobiphenyl-contaminated soil. Biotechnology & Bioengineering 58: 345-355.
2) Di Gioia D., Peel M., Fava F., Wyndham C. (1998) Structure of homologous composite transposons carrying cbaABC genes
from Europe and North America. Applied Environmental Microbiology, 64: 1940-1946.
3) Fava F., Bertin L. (1999) Use of exogenous specialised bacteria in the biological detoxifcation of a dump-site
polychlorobiphenyl-contaminated soil in slurry-phase conditions. Biotechnology & Bioengineering 64:240-249
4) Fava F., Di Gioia D. (2001) Soya lecithin effects on the aerobic biodegradation of polychlorinated biphenyls in an artificiallycontaminated soil”. Biotechnology & Bioengineering 72:177-184
5) Guerra R.. 2001. Chemical and Ecotoxicological evaluation of phenolic compounds in industrial effluents. Chemosphere, 44
(8):1737-1747.
Please give full bibliometric details of 5 of the units best scientific publications. Two hard copies of these publications
should be sent to the INCA Secretariat. One of these copies will be sent to the Committee Member that will act a first
Reviewer. The second copy will be available for all Committee Members during their meetings in Italy.
7.
Scientific Output
7.1
Publication Policy
The team of the Faculty of Engineering has a large productivity in MS dissertations, but a low productivity in terms of
PhD dissertation. About publication, the team has aimed primarily to basic and applied research, thus publishing in
largely read international journals.
7.2
Numerical data
Category
PhD-Dissertations
1997
1
1998
1999
2000
2001
Total
1
4
5
4
2
6
21
Master’s Theses
4
10
7
4
3
28
70
Sub-unit
Category
PhD-Dissertations
1997
1
1998
1999
Master’s Theses
1
3
1
1
3
2000
1
2001
Total
2
2
3
5
7
1
2
15
8
Self-evaluation
The research team of the Faculty of Engineering would like to stress the consistency of the various research activities
and other scientific activities that has been carried out in the last 5 years. In fact, the main contents of the courses taught
by the team members are closely related to environmental chemistry, analytical chemistry, and environmental
biotechnology, which are the subjects on which they are also strongly involved in research.
The scientific production of the team is mostly focused on the “environmental science” and “biotechnology and applied
Microbiology” categories, and it is coherent with the Unit’s mission and the INCA research areas selected in the first
page of the present report. In addition, the team’s activity is complementary and extensively connected to those of
INCA research Units of other Universities. The team is not yet adequately integrated with the other team (that of the
Faculty of Sciences) recently (on March 2002) incorporated in the Unit; in addition, the Unit “Bologna1” is not yet
sufficiently integrated with the other INCA Research Units of the University of Bologna (7 of which have been
formally established on March 2002). However, several complementary researches and expertises have already
evidenced within the Unit and between the different INCA Units of Bologna, and an effective integration of the Units
will be reached in a close future.
Appendix I
Scientific Output
I-1
I.1.1 Dissertations
Year Name PhD-student
Supervisor
Thesis
Year
Name of the PhD Title
No.
Student
1
1997
Francesco Baldoni
Development of a biotechnological process for the
bioremediation of wastewaters contaminated by lowchlorinated biphenyls
2
1997
Dario Diamanti
Validation of mathematical modelling
in the
assessment of incidents: comparison with
experimental results.
3
2000
Serena Righi
Environmental Radioactivity in working places:
radioprotection measurements and assessment.
I.1.2
Thesis
No.
1
Supervisor
Prof. Marchetti
Prof. Trombetti
Co-advisor:
Prof. Bruzzi
Prof. Bruzzi
Master's Thesis
Year
Name of the MS student Title
Supervisor
1997
Romina Santarelli
Prof. Fava
2
3
1997
1997
Andrea Sanseverino
Stefano Gallegat
4
1998
Loredana Quitadamo
Role of the exogenous carbon source in the
bioremediation ex-situ of an aged PCB-contaminated
soil
Distruction of polychlorobiphenyls
Use of detergents in the aerobic bioremediation of a
PCB, chronically contaminated soil
Aerobic biodegradation of chlrobenzoic acids by
Prof. Fava
Prof. Fava
Prof. Fava
71
5
1998
6
1998
7
1998
8
1998
9
1998
10
1999
11
1999
12
1999
13
1999
14
1999
15
1999
16
2000
17
2000
18
2000
19
2001
20
2001
21
2001
22
23
1997
1997
1997
24
1.1998
2.1998
Pseudomonas sp., CPE2 strain: biocehmical and
genetic analysis of the biodegradation pathways
Alessandro Fabbri
Role of the slurry-phase reactor configuration in the
aerobic bioremediation of a PCB-contaminated soil
Lucia Ricci
Optimization of the use of beta-cyclodextrins in the
slurry-bioremediation of two soils hystorically
contaminated by PCBs
Melania Frattini
Bioremediation of a dump-site PCB contaminated
soil through the use of exogenous specialized
bacteria: effects of soya lecithin, glucose and
cyclodextrin on the process
Diego Cirelli
Use of hydroxyprophyl-beta-cyclodextrin in the
bioremediation of dump-site PCB contaminated soils
in slurry-phase conditions
Monica Roscini Vitali
Role of the exogenous inoculum on the
bioremediation of a PCB-contaminated soil
Claudia Summa
Optimization of the use of an industrial mixture of
beta-cyclodextrins in the bioremediation of PCBcontaminated soils
Alessandra Franco
Role of humic acids and soya lecithin in the
biological degradation of PCBs in a contaminated
soil
Fabio D’Angelo
Role of industrial products based on cyclodextrins
and Soya lecitin on the bioremediation of dump-site
PCB-contaminated soils
Lorena Lorenzini
Characterization of aerobic bacteria capable of
biodegrading the monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
of the olive mill wastewater
Elisabetta Canuti
Production of arginate and alginase from Azotobacter
vinelandii
Denise Galassi
Ecotoxicity measurements on PCB-contaminated
soils: application and optimization of tests based on
the use of Folsomia candida or other vegetal
biomarkers
Letizia Zanibon
Selection and characterization of bacteria capable of
biodegrading the toxic monocyclic aromatic fraction
of the olive mill wastewater
Vincenzo
Fabio Role of the randomly-methylated-beta-cyclodextrins
in the aerobic biodegradation of PCBs in soils spiked
Ciccotosto
with a PCB-containing transformer oil
Giovanni Gualandi
Optimization of the use of cyclodextrin RAMEB in
the aerobic bioremediation of two aged PCBcontamianted soils.
Marco Pollastri
Anaerobic biodegradation of PCBs in sediments of
the Venice Lagoon; preliminary attempt to
caharacterize the indigenous bacteria responsible for
the process
Roberta Di Giacomo
Biochemical characterization of aerobic bacteria
degrading phenolic compounds of the olive mill
wastewater
Ing. Alice Dall’Ara
Prelimnary studies on the biological processes
involved in the polline stabilization
Pamela Ugolini
Salinity effects on the Pinewood of S.Vitale
Alberto Righetti
Environmental impact study on the harbour
Stefano Fucili
Management and riusal of dredged materials from the
harbour of Ravenna
Rosario Antonio Pappa
Monitoring of effluents from a treatment plant in
Siracusa.
Monica Pantaleoni
Life Cycle Assessment of fluids substituting CFC.
Prof. Fava
Prof. Fava
Prof. Fava
Prof. Fava
Prof. Fava
Prof. Fava
Prof. Fava
Prof. Fava
Prof. Fava
Prof. Fava
Prof. Fava
Prof. Fava
Prof. Fava
Prof. Fava
Prof. Fava
Prof. Fava
Prof. Fava
Prof. Bruzzi
Prof. Bruzzi
Prof. Bruzzi
Prof. Bruzzi
Prof. Bruzzi
72
3.1998
4.1999
Pierina Guiducci
Raffaella Baroncelli
5.2000
Daniele Piccolo
6.2000
7.2000
Monica Gigli
Marco Neri
8.2000
Michela Valenti
9.2000
Maria Elena Canali
102000
Valentina Caroli
112000
122001
Claudia Magri
Valentina Boragno
Biomonitoring of wastewaters from a treatment plant.
Monitoring and treatment of effluents from a
petrochemical complex.
Atmospheric pollution effects on monuments
deterioration
Monuments deterioration due to organic acids.
Environmental Impact Assessment of disposal and
reuse of wastes.
Environmental assessment of a treatment plant for
drinking waters.
Environmental sustainability of industries with a
radiological impact: a case-study
Valutazione chimica ed ecotossicologica di matrici
ambientali contaminate da metalli pesaanti ed
idrocarburi
Risk Assessment of Contaminated sites: comparison
of methodologies and ecotoxicity testing
Heat pumps: assessment of energy saving and
environmental effects.
Prof. Bruzzi
Prof. Bruzzi
Prof. Bruzzi
Prof. Bruzzi
Prof. Bruzzi
Prof. Bruzzi
Co-advisor:
Serena Righi
Prof. Bruzzi
Co-advisor:
Guerra
Prof. Bruzzi
Co-advisor:
Guerra
Prof. Bruzzi
Roberta
Roberta
Master's Thesis of which the team members were co-advisors
Thesis
No.
1
Year
Name of the MS student Title
1997
Ferruccio Solinas
2
1998
Petra
Inghelbrecht
(Katholieke Universiteit
Leuven, Belgio)
3
1998
Gori Paola
4
1998
Fiorilla Giuseppe
5
1998
Breviglieri Valeria
6
1999
Ilkay Cam
(New Jersey Institute of
Technology, Newark, NJ,
USA)
Supervisor
Bioremediation of a PAH-contaminated soil: Prof. F.Magelli
isolation and characterization of the microflora (University
of
involved in the process
Bologna)
Co-advisor:
Prof. Fava
ERASMUS PROGRAM THESIS
Prof. H. Verachtert
Effect van cyclodextrines in de bioremediatie van (Katholieke
PCB-gecontamineerde bodem
Universiteit Leuven,
Belgio)
Co-advisor:
Prof. Fava
Bioremediation
of
soils
contamianted
by Prof. M.Nocentini
hydrocarbons: effects of the pollutant nature and of (University
of
soil properties on the pollutant biodegradation rate
Bologna)
Co-advisor:
Prof. Fava
Use of gas-cromatography to run taxonomic analysis Prof. B. Biavati
(University
of
Bologna)
Co-advisor:
Prof. Fava
Biodegradation of PAHs in a soilat low-permeability: Prof. M.Nocentini
limits due to oxygen availability and effects of (University
of
humidity on the rate of the process
Bologna)
Co-advisor:
Prof. Fava
Master thesis in Environmental Science
Prof.
P.M.
Vitamin effect on the aerobic biodegradation of Armenante
Phenanthrene, Antracene, Fluoranthene, and Pyrene (New Jersey Institute
in a contaminated soil from an industrial site
of
Technology,
Newark, NJ, USA)
Co-advisor:
73
7
2000
I-2
Cristina Matteini
Prof. Fava
Biodegradation of the mono-cyclic aromatic fraction Prof. L Morselli
of the olive mill wasetwater by aerobic bacteria
(University
of
Bologna)
Co-advisors:
Prof. Fava; Dr. Di
Gioia
Please note that all the following articles are strictly related to the three thematic areas selected in the first page of
this report and closely related to the main topics of the Consortium activity
1997
D. Pinelli, F. Fava, M. Nocentini, G. Pasquali (1997) Bioremediation of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarboncontaminated soil by using different aerobic batch bioreactor systems. Journal of Soil Contamination 6: 243-256.
(published by John Wiley & Sons., Inc., New York, USA; printed in USA)
Fava F., Marchetti L., Quattroni G (1997). Factors anhancing the bioremediation of a polychlobiphenyl-contaminated
soil in slurry- and fixed-phase batch bioreactors. Journal of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry (Annali di
Chimica, Roma, Italy) 87: 667-676.
Fava F., Di Gioia D., Marchetti L. 1997. Intrinsic bioremediation of a polychlorobiphenyl-contaminated soil in
slurry-phase and fixed-phase batch bioreactors. In Proceedings of the International Symposium Environmental
Biotechnology, Oostende, Belgium, 21-24 April 1997. Pp 299-302.
Nocentini M., Pinelli D., Pasquali G., Fava F., Prandi A. (1997). Biotreatability and feasibility studies for a
bioremediation process of a kerosene contaminated soil. In Proceedings of the International Symposium Environmental
Biotechnology, Oostende, Belgium, 21-24 April 1997. Pp. 307-310.
Kafkewitz, D., Fava, F., Guptapal, P., Armenante P.M. (1997) Effect of vitamins on the aerobic biodegradation of 4chlorobiphenyl and nonane. In Proceedings of the 1st European Congress on Chemical Engineering. Firenze, Italy, 4-7
Maggio, 1997. Volume IV, pp. 2647-2650
1998
Nocentini M., Pinelli D., Pasquali G., Fava F., Prandi A. (1998) Biotreatability and feasibility tests for a
bioremediation process: a case srudy for a kerosene contaminated soil. Journal of Analytical and Environmental
Chemistry (Annali di Chimica, Roma, Italy) 88: 177-187.
Fava F., Di Gioia D., Marchetti L. (1998) Cyclodextrins effects on the ex-situ bioremediation of a chronically
polychlorobiphenyl-contaminated soil. Biotechnology & Bioengineering 58: 345-355. (published by John Wiley &
Sons., Inc., New York, USA; printed in USA)
Di Gioia D., Fava F., Baldoni F., Marchetti L. (1998) Characterisation of the chlorocatechol degrading activity in the
ortho-chlorinated benzoic acid degrading Pseudomonas sp. CPE2 strain. Research in Microbiology 149:339-348.
(published by the Intitut Pasteur Paris/Elsevier Science Ltd, printed in Great Britain)
Di Gioia D., Peel M., Fava F., Wyndham C. (1998) Structure of homologous composite transposons carrying cbaABC
genes from Europe and North America. Applied Environmental Microbiology, 64: 1940-1946. (published by the
American Society for Microbiology, Washington DC, USA; printed in Washington DC, USA)
Fava F., Di Gioia D. (1998) Effects of Triton X-100 and Quillaya Saponin on the ex-situ bioremediation of a
chronically polychlorobiphenyl-contaminated soil. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 50: 623-630 (published by
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1995, Springer-Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin, Germany; printed in Germany)
1999
74
Fava F., Bertin L., Marchetti L. (1999) Influence of the exogenous carbon source on the ex-situ bioremediation of a
chronically PCB-contaminated soil. Journal of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry 89: 771-776 (Annali di
Chimica, Roma, Italy)
Fava F., Bertin L., Pinelli D., Nocentini M. (1999) Characterisation of the indigenous bacteria involved in the ex-situ
aerobic Bioremediation of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-contaminated soil. Journal of Analytical and
Environmental Chemistry 89: 777-782 (Annali di Chimica, Roma, Italy)
Fava F., Bertin L. (1999) Use of exogenous specialised bacteria in the biological detoxifcation of a dump-site
polychlorobiphenyl-contaminated soil in slurry-phase conditions. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 64:240-249
(published by John Wiley & Sons., Inc., New York, USA; printed in USA)
Nocentini M., Pinelli D., Fava F. (1999) In situ bioremediation of a soil contaminated by mineral oil. In: In situ
bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon and other organic compounds. Proceedings of The fifth International
Symposium on in situ and on-site bioremediation. San Diego, California, April 19-22, 1999, pp 313-318.
2000
Fava F., Di Gioia D., Marchetti L. (2000) Role of the reactor configuration in the biological detoxification of a dump
site-polychlorobiphenyl-contaminated soil in lab slurry phase conditions. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 53:
243-248 (published by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1995, Springer-Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin, Germany;
printed in Germany)
Nocentini M., Pinelli D., Fava F. (2000) Bioremediation of a soil contaminated by hydrocarbon mixtures: the residual
concentration problem. Chemosphere 41: 1115-1123 (published by Pergamon-Elsevier Science Publ.; printed in Great
Britain)
2001
Fava F., Di Gioia D. (2001) Soya lecithin effects on the aerobic biodegradation of polychlorinated biphenyls in an
artificially-contaminated soil”. Biotechnology & Bioengineering 72:177-184 (published by John Wiley & Sons., Inc.,
New York, USA; printed in USA)
This articles received the “best paper award for 2001” by the American Oil Chemists’ Society (AOCS) and it has
been presented by Prof. Fava at the 93rd AOCS International Conference held in Montréal, Canada (May 5-8,
2002).
Villarante, N.R., Armenante P.M., Quibuyen, T.A.O., Fava F., Kafkewitz D. (2001) Dehalogenation of dichloroethene
in a contaminated soil: fatty acids and alcohols as electron donors and an apparent requirement for tetrachloroethene.
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 55: 239-247 (published by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1995,
Springer-Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin, Germany; printed in Germany).
Di Gioia D., Bertin L., Fava F., Marchetti L. (2001) Biodegradation of hydroxylated and methoxylated benzoic,
phenylacetic and phenylpropenoic acids present in olive mill wastewaters by two bacterial strains. Research in
Microbiology 152:83-93 (published by the Institut Pasteur Paris/Elsevier Science Ltd, printed in Great Britain)
Di Gioia D., Fava F., Bertin L., Marchetti L. (2001) Biodegradation of synthetic and natural occurring mixtures of
mono-cyclic aromatic compounds present in olive mill wastewaters by two aerobic bacteria. Applied Microbiology and
Biotechnology, 55: 619-626. (published by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1995, Springer-Verlag GmbH & Co.
KG, Berlin, Germany; printed in Germany).
Bertin L., Majone M., Di Gioia D., Fava F. (2001) An aerobic fixed-phase biofilm reactor system for the degradation
of the low-molecular weight aromatic compounds occurring in the effluents of anaerobic digestors treating olive mill
wastewaters. Journal of Biotechnology, 87:161-177
Fedi S., Carnevali M., Fava F., Andracchio A., Zappoli S., Zannoni D. (2001) Biodegradative activities and
hybridization analysis of fifteen aerobic bacterial strains isolated from a chronically polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)
contaminated site. Research in Microbiology 152:583-592 (published by the Institut Pasteur Paris/Elsevier Science
Ltd, printed in Great Britain)
75
I-3
1997
Vesilind P. A., Peirce J. J., Weiner R. F Environmental Engineering, Italian edition, di L. Bruzzi, translation of L.
Bruzzi, G. Dominici, D. Manco, R. Mele, L. Mingozzi, E. Nanni, CLUEB 1997 pp. 685.
L. BRUZZI, M. Baroni, R. Mele and E. Nanni. Proposal for a method of certification of natural radioactivity in
building materials J. Radiol. Prot. 17: 85-94, 1997.
1999
L. Bruzzi, F. Babini, A. Biliotti, M. Castellari, F. Conti, G. Dominici, D. Manco, S. Righi, M. Turroni. Guida alla
V.I.A. Aspetti tecnici, normativi e procedurali. Edizione Maggioli, Rimini, 1999.
2000
-L. Bruzzi, M. Baroni, G. Mazzotti, R. Mele, S. RIGHI. Radioactivity in raw materials and end products in Italian
ceramic industry. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 47/2, 171-181, 2000.
S.RIGHI, M.Betti, L.Bruzzi, G. Mazzotti. Monitoring of natural radioactivity in working places. Microchemical
Journal, 67/1-3, 119-126, 2000.
S. RIGHI, L. Bruzzi, C. Palmonari. L’industria ceramica e la nuova normativa europea in materia di radioprotezione.
Ceramica Acta, 12/5-6, 74-84, 2000.
2001
Guerra R.. 2001. Chemical and Ecotoxicological evaluation of phenolic compounds in industrial
Chemosphere, 44 (8):1737-1747.
effluents.
R. Guerra, M. Martignani, S. Righi, C. Rinaldi , A. Righetti e L. Bruzzi. Studio di fattibilità sul riutilizzo dei materiali
di dragaggio: applicazione del test di cessione ai sensi del D.M. 05/02/98. RICICLA 2001, Rimini 26-29 Settembre
2001 – Atti dei Seminari, a cura di Luciano Morselli, Maggioli Editore, Rimini.
Riba, I., Guerra, R., Iacondini, A., DelValls, T.A., Forja, J.M. Evaluating the impact of the Aználcollar mining spill on
sediments from the Guadalquivir estuary using Pseudomonas fluorescens dehydrogenase inhibition assay. International
Conference on Remediation of Contaminated Sediments. October 10-12, 2001, Venice, Italy [in press].
R. Guerra, A. Iacondini, F. Abbondanzi,V.Caroli and L. Bruzzi. A new microbial assay for the toxicity dection of
contaminated soils. ANNALI DI CHIMICA/Journal of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry [in press].
S. Righi, R. Guerra e L. Bruzzi. Carbon and nitrogen distribution in sediments of an Italian lagoon. Annali di Chimica/
Journal of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry [in press].
I-4
Fabio Fava was one of the three organizers of the Advanced Study Institute NATO titled “Innovative Approaches to the
On-Site Assessment and Remediation of Contaminated Sites” held in Praga (Czech Republic) from May 24 to June 2,
2001 (web-site:www.prague2001.lsu.edu). This initiative was directed by Prof. Dr. Reible, Danny D., Professor &
Director HSRC/S&SW, Louisiana State University, USA, and by Prof. Dr. Demnerova, Katerina, of the Institute of
Chemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic. Prof. Fava has also been chairman of the session of June 2nd entitled
“Bioremediation of PCBs”.
Fabio Fava organized a 2-days Training course titled “Biological degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls in
contaminated soils and sediments” within the project Science for Peace NATO N. 973720 titled “Decontamination of
Hydrocarbon Polluted Military Sites to Decrease Environmental Risks-Low-Cost Cyclodextrin Technology”; the course
took place in Bologna (Faculty of Engineering) on September 7 and 8, 2001.
76
Appendix 3
Name of the Unit:
Research Director:
Years included
Bologna 1
1997-2001
Name of Journal
Applied
Microbiology
Number
Articles
Environmental 1
Biotechnology
Bioengineering
of Journal
Factor
3,389
Impact Field(s)
Ranking
Biotechnology
and 15/134
Applied Microbiology
& 3
2,081
Biotechnology
and 30/134
Applied Microbiology and 4
Biotechnology
1,505
Biotechnology
and 46/134
Journal of Biotechnology
1
1,311
Research in Microbiology
3
Journal
of
Soil 1
Contamination
1,631
0.538
Biotechnology
and 52/134
Microbiology
37/83
84/127
Chemosphere
1
Annali di Chimica
4
(Journal of Analytical and
Environmental Chemistry)
1.033
0.413
Chemistry Analytical
Sub-unit:
Prof. Luigi Bruzzi
Years included
1997-2001
Name of Journal
Number
Articles
Journal of Environmental 1
Radioactivity
Microchemical Journal
1
Chemosphere
1
Annali di Chimica
2
(Journal of Analytical and
Environmental Chemistry)
of Journal
Factor
0.726
0.771
1.033
0.413
Impact Field(s)
52/127
60/65
Ranking
71/129
Chemistry
Analytical
47/68
52/127
60/65
Comments on:
1.the method: the ranking data reported above were calculated by using the ISI journal Citation Reports
related to 2000.
77
BOLOGNA 2
Name of the Research Unit: Bologna 2
Research Leader Ferruccio Trifirò
University: Università di Bologna
Bologna University
Contact Person
Name Ferruccio Trifirò
Mailing Address Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale e dei
Materiali, viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna
Phone 051-2093682
Fax 051-2093680
Faculty: Chimica Industriale
Industrial Chemistry
Department:
Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale e dei Materiali
Department of Industrial Chemistry and Materials
Thematic area
• Catalisi eterogenea per le sintesi ecosostenibili e la
riciclo e altre).
• Tecnologie di depurazione (membrane, sonochimica,
fotocatalisi, elettrochimica e altre).
The Core Competencies of the Bologna 2 Unit are:
1. Wide competence in oxidation and hydrogenation catalysts and technologies:
• Use of new raw materials
• Use of new oxidants
• Study of new reactor technology options
• Study of air versus oxygen processes
2. Deep Know-How in the design of catalysts for specific reactions and process development
3. Alliances or joint projects with world scale companies for process and catalyst development
In particular, the recent research activity has been directed towards solving problems related to pollution control and to
the development of processes at low environmental impact. The main points studied at present in the Unit are:
• New technologies for pollution reduction
• Identification of alternative raw materials al lower environmental impact for existing chemical processes
• Green chemistry: development of clean processes for the production of intermediates in fine chemicals and
pharmaceuticals
On the basis of these consideration all the Unit work will be considered in the self evaluation report.
(*) will indicate INCA projects and people of the staff involved on it
when teaching became free and independent of the ecclesiastic schools. Bologna University is one of the largest
universities in Italy and in Europe. It is a state university and it is autonomous with its own "statuto" which indicates
78
The faculty of Industrial Chemistry has more than 700 students and about 80 faculty members and is divided in three
department (Industrial Chemistry and Materials, Physical and Inorganic Chemistry and Organic Chemistry) and one
institute (Metallurgy). The unit belongs to the department of Industrial Chemistry and Materials.
The Unit
The catalysis section of the Department of Industrial Chemistry and Materials is active by more than 25 years in the
field of preparation, characterization and catalytic investigation of heterogeneous catalysts and process development.
The organizational structure is based on a full professor, two associated professor and two researchers. There are nine
Ph. D. students and about fifteen fellow-ships and a variable number of students doing their master thesis. Each Ph. D.
student and fellow-ship has his own subject to study.
The administrative staff of the department takes care of the administration.
The unit takes care of the following courses of Masters in Industrial Chemistry, Materials Chemistry and Ceramic
Technologies, and Chemical Technologies for Environmental and Waste Management
- Industrial Chemistry (Inorganic)
- Catalysis Chemistry and Technology
- Laboratory of Catalysis Chemistry and Technology
- Petrochemical processes and Technologies
- Theory and Development of Processes
- Industrial Chemistry and Ceramic Technologies
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Ceramic Technologies
1
Title: Alternative processes of low environmental impact
2
Research Leader: Ferruccio Trifirò
2a
3
Name and Titles
Year
of
Birth
Rank
Research
Input in fte
in1997
Ferruccio Trifirò *
Angelo Vaccari *
Fabrizio Cavani
Giuseppe Fornasari
Stefania Albonetti *
Francesco Basile *
Laura Forni
Maria Ferrari
Diana Scagliarini
Barbara Panzacchi
Francesca Pierelli
Rino Trabace
Luca Dalpi
Nicola Ballarini
Massimo Cimini
Marco Bolognini
Simone Albertazzi*
Helene Degrand
Sonia Blasioli *
Massimiliano Livi
Valentina Rosetti *
Franceschini Silvia
1938
1948
1958
1961
1967
1971
1970
1971
1973
1974
1973
1973
1974
1973
1975
1976
1976
1977
1974
1973
1976
1976
Full professor
Assoc. prof.
Assoc. prof.
Ricercatore
Ricercatrice
post-Doc-student
post Doc student
post Doc student
PhD-student
PhD-student
PhD-student
PhD-student
PhD-student
PhD-student
PhD-student
PhD-student
PhD-student
Euro-PhD student
Borsista
Borsista
Borsista
Borsista
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.5
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
Remarks
since 2001
since 1996
since 1996
since 2001
since 1998
since 1998
since 1998
since 1997
since 1999
since 1999
since 1999
since 2000
since 2000
since 2001
since 1998
since1999
since 2001
since 2001
79
Maselli Luca
Cristina Felloni
Alessandro Ristori
Mirco Corrado
4
5
Funding
5.1
Personnel (in fte)
Source
University
CNR
European Union
Other Sponsors
Total
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
23.0
since 2001
since 2001
since 2000
since 2000
1997
0.2
0.4
1.0
1998
0.2
0.4
1.0
1999
0.2
0.8
0.5
8
6
15.5
2000
0.2
0.8
0.5
1
9
7
18.5
2001
0.2
0.8
1
3
10
8
23
Total
1.0
3.2
4.0
4.0
40
34
86.2
6
6
13.6
7
7
15.6
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
Total
1.0
8.0
9.0
1.0
9
10
0
10
10
1
11
12
3.0
12.5
15.5
1999
125
45
70
300
540
2000
155
45
70
350
620
2001
155
65
160
350
730
Source
University - MURST
CNR
EU
Other Sponsors
Total
5.3
Borsista
Borsista
Borsista
Borsista
Category
Full Professors
Ricercatori
Post-docs
PhD-students
Borsisti
Total
5.2
1976
1975
1976
1975
1997
40
10
55
200
305
1998
120
0
140
250
510
Total
595
165
495
1450
2705
Comments:
Please add a list of major sponsors and the character of the liaison with the major sponsors
The major sponsors are national and international chemical and energetical companies such as: Lonzagroup., Air
Liquid, Rhodia, Snamprogetti S.p.A.., EniChem S.p.A., Tecnip, Atofina, Ciba, Borregaard, Vanetta, Enitecnologie,
Endura, Millennium, Radici, Ausimont/Solvay. The funding are planned by a research contract on a specific topic and
with a detailed program of activity.
6.
6.1
Progress Report
Mission Statement
The research area of the unit includes the following aspects:
1) development of new processes, which make use of new types of raw materials, i.e. light paraffins (natural gas
components), as alternative to processes which utilize olefins, aromatics or other compounds as raw materials. In some
cases these processes utilize new synthetic routes with respect to industrial established technologies, routes which are
characterized by the absence of nocive co-products or by the absence of toxic intermediates or raw materials. In other
cases, the direct transformation of light paraffins to the desired compounds makes it possible to overcome the energyintensive endothermal transformation of petroleum cuts to olefins and aromatics;
80
2) improvement of current industrial processes, aimed to lower their environmental impact. For instance, the
improvement of selectivity in a reaction which operates with recycle of unconverted reactant makes it possible to
considerably decrease the amount of purge stream, and the content of by-products characterized by environmental
impact in vent streams (i.e., CO2);
3) catalytic systems for abatement of pollutants contained in flue gas stream of power plants and of chemical plants. In
particular, catalytic systems are studied which allow the catalytic removal of NOxand dioxins
4) development of new processes aimed at the production of new products, alternative to those of current application
characterized by unsustainable environmental impact.
Unit's objectives have origin in the wide experience and knowledge gained along several years of research on
the development of heterogeneous catalytic systems able i) to activate and functionalize saturated substrates, ii) to
selectively transform unsaturated organic substrates, and iii) to activate nitrogen oxides. It is expected that the research
may lead to the discovery of new catalytic systems and formulations, which make it possible to reach results interesting
for industrial applications.
The character of the research carried out is applicative, since objectives and research targets are planned
together with partner industrial companies.
"Clients" of the research work are mostly the industrial companies, both national and foreign, national
authorities (i.e., national authority for energy supply), educational and training programs developed by CEE. More in
general, the results developed are of utility for the scientific community involved in the area of development of new
processes characterized by lower environmental impact.
6.2
Design of the programme
The programme of research is usually planned as follows:
1) Analysis of the main characteristics which the new process must possess in order to be of industrial relevance, i.e.:
a) global enviromental impact, from both the point of view of the reactants, products, intermediates, catalysts.
b) analysis of a possible flow-sheet, and of unit operations which may result dangerous.
c) analysis of the target performance in terms of productivity, conversion, selectivity, in order to make the
process economically interesting for industrial application.
2) Study of the possible "formal" reaction mechanism, in order to identify the different steps which may lead to the
selective transformation of the reactant to the final product. Analysis of the possible reaction pathways leading to byproducts.
3) Analysis of the properties which the catalyst must possess in order to be able to activate and selectively functionalize
the substrate. Design of a catalyst formulation including main active components to realize the reaction pathway as
hypothesized at point 2.
4) Study and development of a preparation procedure for the catalyst which may be easily transferred to the industrial
scale, that is development of a preparation without dangerous steps or possibly without the use of toxic raw materials
and intermediates.
5) Analysis of the reaction conditions which can possibly lead to the desired conversion and selectivity from both
thermodynamic and kinetic point of view.
6) Study of the reactivity of the catalytic systems prepared, analysis of the effect of reaction parameters on catalytic
performance, study of the mechanism of reaction under both stationary, non-stationary and in-situ conditions, kinetic
studies.
7) Full chemical-physical characterization of catalytic systems both before and after reaction, in order to find
relationships between catalytic performance and bulk/surface properties.
8) Improvement of the catalytic systems by modifications in formulations (i.e., addition of dopants) or in preparation
procedure.
Overview of the most impressive results
The research has led to the deposition of the following patents of industrial applications:
1) Patents assigned to Borregaard Italia, which claim the preparation of catalyst based on Al/P/O mixed oxides.
2) Patent assigned to Snamprogetti which claims new catalytic system for the production of acrilonitrile from
propylene..
3) Patent assigned to Lonza which claims a new, improved catalytic system based on V/P/O mixed oxides, to produce
maleic anhydride from n-butane.
4) Patent assigned to Radici which claims new process for decomposing Nitrous Oxide (N2O).
5) Patents assigned to Endura which claims the use of aluminosilicated-based catalysts for the synthesis of 2hydroxyphenylalkyl ketones.
6) Patents assigned to C.N.R.S., Universidad Malaga, Repsol Petroleo, INSTM, which claim the use of new porous
silicate materials ad their uses as catalytic systems for diesel improvement.
7) Patents assigned to CHEMI which claims the vapour phase synthesis of indole and its derivatives.
81
Overview of programme development
During the coming 5 years the research program will continue along the research directions developed in latest years.
Special attention will be dedicated to
• Design of materials with new synthetic routes allowing control from the molecular up to the macroscopic level
(nanostructured materials)
• Use of supercritical conditions for developing eco-efficient processes in chemical industry
• Development of solid base catalysts as alternatives to homogeneous catalysts to decrease the environmental
impact of fine chemical process as alkylations, condensations, isomerizations.
Means needed will be the same as those employed in latest 5 years.
No mobility of senior staff is expected right now.
6.3
•
Intra-university co-operation
CNR-Lamel di Bologna
INSTM Consortium
INCA Consortium
Reattività e catalisi Consortium
Università di Genova
Università di Modena
Università di Udine
Università di Torino
Università di Arcavacata di Rende
CNRS Villeneuve D’Ascq
Universitat de Barcelona
CSIC Madrid,
Academy of Science of Prague
CINDECA La Plata,
Pune National Chemical Laboratory
Academy of Sciences of Moscow
Colorado State University
Boreskov Inst. of Catalysis Novosibirsk
CNRS di Villeurbanne Cedex
University of Liverpool
CEA-PILS project (CEE): Universities of: Montpellier, Reading, Athen, Ioannina, Anvers, Louvain-la-Neuve,
Copenaghen, Latolsa, Bilbao, Venice, Salamanca, Madrid.
Competitive and sustainable growth programme (CEE) project on “Improvement of diesel quality by catalytic
processes”(CNRS,Repsol Petroleo, Snamprogetti, Universidad de Malaga, INSTM, UOP).
Competitive and sustainable growth programme (CEE) project on “Use of supercritical conditions for developing ecoefficient catalytic processes in chemical industry” ”(INSTM, Air Liquid, Enichem, Lonza, University of Reading,
Universitdad Complutense de Madrid).
At moment we do not have big collaboration projects with other INCA units but we are highly interested to develop
new co-operations. Moreover, we are also interested to work on the INTA and NATO cooperative programmes
6.4
The relevance of the area of research is strictly connected to the objectives of the research itself, including the
development of new catalytic processes of low environmental impact.
Societal Relevance of the research of the Unit inside the area:
The societal relevance is evident when considering the output of the group in terms of patents of industrial application.
These patents claim the finding of new catalytic systems to be employed in new processes i) of lower environmental
impact, ii) less energy-consuming than current industrial processes, iii) able to decrease the concentration of pollutants
in flue gas streams.
In this view, the publication strategy of the unit is to privilege, when possible, the protection of important findings by
patent pendings.
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6.5
Prof. F. Trifirò has been awarded the following titles:
a) De Nora Industries Award for students of chemical engineering
b) Humboldt Fellowship recipient
c) Special award of the Ministry of Czechoslovakia
d) Prof. Pino Award of Italian chemical Society
He has been Chairman of several International Congress on Catalysis. He has organized different Symposia, including
the First World Congress on Selective Oxidation. He is permanent member of the scientific committees of the
following recurring congresses: TOCAT (Japan), International Congress on Catalysis, International Congress on
Selective Oxidation, Europacat, C1-C3 paraffin activation (Russia), environmental Catalysis.
He is currently Chairman of the International Committee for New Developments in Selective Oxidation and has been
UNIDO consultant at the Chemical Laboratory in Pune (India).
He is founder of the Italian Group of Catalysis and has been chairman of the Italian Group of catalysis.
Prof. A. Vaccari, and Prof. F. Cavani have been awarded the Federchimica award for relevant results achieved in the
field of "Clean Chemistry".
All members in permanent position of the unit are frequent referees for Journals of international relevance in the field
of catalysis.
6.6
Key Publications
F. Cavani, R. Mezzogori, A. Pigamo, F. Trifirò “Improved catalytic performance of Keggin-type polyoxometalates
in the oxidation of isobutane to methacrylic acid under hydrocarbnon-lean conditions using antimony-doped
catalysts” Chem. Eng. J.,Special Issue: Frontiers in Chemical reaction Engineering, 82 33-42 (2001).
A.O. Bianchi, M. Campanati, P. Maireles - Torres, E. Rodriguez Castellon, A. Jemenez Lopez, A. Vaccari "Si / Zr
mesomorphus catalysts for the vapour phase synthesis of alkylindoles" Applied Catalysis A: General, 220, 105
(2001)
F. Basile, G. Fornasari, F. Trifirò, A Vaccari "Partial oxidation of methane. Effect of reaction parameters and
catalyst composition on the thermal profile and heat distribution" Catalysis Today, 64, 21 (2001) (*)
F. Cavani, S. Ligi, T. Monti, F. Pierelli, F. Trifirò, S. Albonetti, G. Mazzoni "Relationship between structural /
surface characteristics and reactivity in n-butane oxidation to maleic anhydride. The role of the V3+ species"
Catalysis Today, 61, 203 (2000)
F. Trifirò "The chemistry of oxidation catalysts based on mixed oxides" Catalysis Today, 41, 21 (1998)
7.
Scientific Output
7.1
Publication Policy
The publication policy of the Unit is aimed at:
1) protection of relevant results achieved within the framework of contracts with industrial companies by deposition of
patents for industrial application;
2) publication in journals of significant scientific relevance, in the field of heterogeneous catalysis and environmental
protection;
3) communications at some important national and international Congress and Symposia on Heterogeneous Catalysis,
with preference for restricted Symposia devoted to specific tematics.
Thesis dissertations and PhD dissertations constitute the fundamental background of the scientific production of the
unit, when the results are not to be protected by patent deposition. The publications of dissertation works allows the
discussion and rationalization of scientific results.
7.2
Numerical data
Category
PhD-Dissertations
1997
1
1998
0
1999
1
2000
2
2001
2
Total
6
23
22
8
18
23
94
83
Master’s Theses
15
15
14
14
19
77
8
Self-evaluation
Appendix I
Scientific Output
I-1
I.1.1 Dissertations
1997 – A. Galli “Conversione catalitica di ossidi di azoto a N2 - Catalytic conversion of nitrogen oxides
to N2” (Prof. Vaccari)
1998 –
1999 – S. Masetti “Ossidazione di o-xilene/naftalina ad anidride ftalica – Oxidation of o-xilene/naftaline to phtalic
anhydride (Prof. Trifirò)
2000 – F. Basile “Processi innovativi per l’attivazione del gas naturale - New processes for natural gas activation”
(Prof. Vaccari)
S. Ligi “Catalizzatori a base di V/P/O per l’ossidazione selettiva di paraffine leggere – Catalysts based on V/P/O mixed
oxides for the selective oxidation of light paraffins” (Prof. Trifirò)
2001 – L. Forni “Transposizione di ossime in fase gas su catalizzatori a base di ossidi misti – Vapour phase oximes
transposition over mixed oxide catalysts” (Prof. Trifirò)
I.1.2
Master's Thesis
List of Mater’s thesis will be given divided for general argument:
1) “Processi catalitici per la sintesi dei HFC” - Heterogeneous catalysts for the synthesis of HydroFluoroCarbons
(HFC’S) Supervisor F. Trifirò
1998 – Emma Zappellini
2000 - Monia Monari
2001 – Francesca Baschieri
2001 – Valentina Giammetta
2) “Ossidazione parziale catalitica del metano a gas di sintesi” - Catalytic partial oxidation of methane to syngas
(*)
Supervisor A. Vaccari
1997 Matteo Galli
1997 E. Poluzzi
Supervisor G. Fornasari
1998 Elisabetta Veggetti
1999 Alessandro Musti
1999 Nicola Zagni
2000 Francesca Facchini
2001 Simone Albertazzi
2001 Alessandro Ristori
3) “Catalizzatori acidi per la trasposizione di Beckmann in fase vapore” Acid catalyst for the vapour phase oximes
transposition Supervisor - G. Fornasari
1998 Chiara Faenza
1998 Rino Trabace
1999 Emanuele Miserazzi
1999 Guido Montanari
2000 Chiara Tosi
2001 Luca Guerrini
Supervisor F. Trifirò
1997 L. Forni
84
4) “Ammossimazione del cicloesanone in fase liquida con catalizzatori eterogenei” - Liquid phase ammoximation
of cyclohexanone over heterogeneous catalysts Supervisor G. Fornasari
2000 Luca Dal Pozzo
2001 Michela Medri
5) “Sintesi in fase gas di composti eterociclici” - Vapor phase synthesis of heterocyclic compounds . Supervisor
A. Vaccari.
1997 M. Campanati.
1997 Alberto Carloni
1998 Anna Valentini
1999 Federica Donati
1999 Alessandra Olga Bianchi
2000 Andrea Aiardi
2001 Ivan Fagiolino
2001 Silvia Franceschini
6) “Sviluppo di catalizzatori eterogenei per l’ossidazione selettiva di alchilaromatici” –Development of
heterogeneous catalysts for the selective oxidation of alkylaromatics. Supervisor: A. Vaccari.
1997 S. Niccolini
1998 Stefano Tonini
1998 Stefano Gardi
7) ”Sviluppo di catalizzatori per lo storage-reduction of NOx” – Development of catalyst for NOx storage
reduction. Supervisor A. Vaccari.
1997 Paolo Vitali
1998 Alessia Bianchini
1999 Massimiliano Livi
2000 Andrea Calciolari
2001 Carlotta Gobbi
2001 Valentina Rossetti
8) Sviluppo di catalizzatori per la sintesi di combustibili diesel a minor impatto ambientale – Development of
catalysts for the synthesis of diesel fuels at lower envirmental impact. Supervisor A. Vaccari
1999 Monica Mandreoli
2000 Federico Ghelfi
2000 Simona Lolli
2001 Marco Morisi
9) Decomposizione catalitica di N2O – Catalytic decomposition of N2O Supervisor A. Vaccari
1998 A. Barbara Panzacchi
10) “Ossidazione selettiva di n-butano ad anidride maleica” –
anhydride. Supervisor F. Cavani
1997 Tiziana Monti.
1998 Giorgia Bignardi
1999 Francesca Pierelli
1999 Stefano Cortesi
2000 Mirko Bacchini
2001 Federica Gasparini
1997 T. De Lucia
Selective oxidation of n-butane to maleic
11) Sviluppo di catalizzatori per l’ossidazione ed ammonossidazione di propano e prolilene Development of
catalysts for propane and propene oxidation and ammoxidation Supervisor F. Cavani
1997 Tania Spimpolo
1998 Leandro Capponi
1998 Elisa Frontoni
1999 Gian Maroc Mascanzoni
1999 Nicola Ballarini
85
2000 Chiara Giunchi
1997 E. Arcozzi
1998 Andrea Del Bianco
2001 Francesca Zappoli
12) Sviluppo di catalizzatori per l’ossidazione di isobutano ad acido metacrilico Development of catalysts for the
oxidation of isobutane to methacrylic acid
Supervisor F. Cavani
1997 Marco Margotti
2000 Fabio Candiracci
1997 R. Gurioli
1998 Roberto Mezzogori
13) Nuove vie di sintesi per la produzione di intermedi per l’industria alimentare mediante processi a basso
impatto ambientale. - New synthesis routes for the production of intermediates for food industry with low
environmental impact processes. Supervisor: F. Cavani
1998 Daniele Paoli.
1999 Lorenzo Calzolari:
2000 Mirco Corrado
2001 Luca Maselli
14) Studio di nuovi catalizzatori eterogenei con caratteristiche basiche - Study of new heterogeneous basic
catalysts. Supervisor: F. Cavani
2001 Marco Bolognini
2001 Cristina Felloni
15) Deidrogenazione ossidativa di propano a propilene – Oxidative dehydrogenation of propane to propene.
2001 Paola Nobili
16) “Ossidazione selettiva di o-xilene ad anidride ftalica” – Selective oxidation of o-xylene to phtalic anhydride.
2000 Massimo Cimini
2001Alberto Guerrini
17) Decomposizione catalitica NOx - “Catalytic decomposition of NOx”. Supervisor F. Trifirò (*)
1997 Stefano Martelli
1998 Diana Scagliarini
1999 Sonia Blasioli
2000 Enrico Randi
2001 Marco Biaggi
I-2
2001
M. Campanati, F. Donati, A. Vaccari, A. Valentini, O. Piccolo "Vapour phase synthesis of indole and its
derivatives" in Catalysis of organic reactions, M.E. Ford Ed., Marcel Dekker, New York, pp. 157 (2001)
F. Basile, G. Fornasari, F. Trifirò, A Vaccari "Partial oxidation of methane. Effect of reaction parameters and
catalyst composition on the thermal profile and heat distribution" Catalysis Today, 64, 21 (2001) (*)
F. Basile, G. Fornasari, M. Gazzano, A. Vaccari Thermal evolution and catalytic activity of Pd / Mg / Almixed
oxides obatined from a hydrotalcite -. type precursor" Applied Clay Science, 18, 51 (2001) (*)
G. Cristallo, E. Roncari, A. Rinaldo, F. Trifirò "Study of anatase - rutile transition phase in monolithic catalyst
V2O5 / TiO2 and V2O5 - WO3 / TiO2" Applied Catalysis A: General, 209, 249 (2001) (*)
86
A.O. Bianchi, M. Campanati, P. Maireles - Torres, E. Rodriguez Castellon, A. Jemenez Lopez, A. Vaccari "Si / Zr
mesomorphus catalysts for the vapour phase synthesis of alkylindoles" Applied Catalysis A: General, 220, 105
(2001)
S. Miertus, F. Trifirò "Catalysis for cleaner industrial technologies. A survey" United nations, Industrial
Development Organization, Trieste (2001)
F. Cavani, R. Mezzogori, A. Pigamo, F. Trifirò “Improved catalytic performance of Keggin-type polyoxometalates
in the oxidation of isobutane to methacrylic acid under hydrocarbnon-lean conditions using antimony-doped
catalysts” Chem. Eng. J.,Special Issue: Frontiers in Chemical reaction Engineering, 82 33-42 (2001).
S. Albonetti, F. Budi, F. Cavani, S. Ligi, G. Mazzoni, F. Pierelli, F. Trifirò “ALMAX catalyst for the selective
oxidation of n-butane to maleic anhydride: a highly efficient V/P/O system for fluidized-bed reactors” in
"Natural Gas Conversion VI", J.J. Spivey et al. (Eds.), Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal. 136, p.
141-146 (2001)
N. Ballarini, R. Catani, F. Cavani, U. Cornaro, D. Ghisletti, R. Millini, B. Stocchi, F. Trifirò “New catalysts based on
rutile-type Cr/Sb and Cr/V/Sb mixed oxides for the ammoxidation of propane to acrylonitrile” in "Natural Gas
Conversion VI", J.J. Spivey et al. (Eds.), Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal. 136, p. 135-140 (2001)
N. Ballarini, F. Cavani, C. Giunchi, S. Masetti, F. Trifirò, D. Ghisletti, U. Cornaro, R. Catani “Rutile-type Cr/Sb
mixed oxides as heterogeneous catalysts for the ammoxidation of propane to acrylonitrile” Topics Catal., 15, 111119( 2001)
F. Cavani, E. Etienne, R. Mezzogori, A. Pigamo, F. Trifirò “Improvement of catalytic performance in isobutane
oxidation to methacrylic acid of Keggin-type phosphomolybdates by preparation via lacunary precursors:
nature of active sites” Catal. Letters, 75, 99-105 (2001)
F. Cavani, F. Pierelli, F. Ghelfi, G. Mazzoni “Microcristalli a base di ossidi misti di V e P. Controllo della
morfologia” La Chimica e l’Industria, 83, 56-59 (2001)
F. Cavani, R. Mezzogori, A. Pigamo, F. Trifirò “Modification of redox and catalytic properties of Keggin-type, Sbdoped P/Mo polyoxometalates in the selective oxidation of isobutane to methacrylic acid: control of preparation
conditions” Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., 140, 141-152 (2001)
F. Cavani, R. Mezzogori, A. Pigamo, F. Trifirò, E. Etienne “Main aspects of the selective oxidation of isobutane to
methacrylic acid catalyzed by Keggin-type polyoxometalates” Catal. Today, 71, 97-110 (2001)
P. Arpentinier, F. Cavani, F. Trifirò “The Technology of Catalytic Oxidations” Editions Technip, Paris, 2001, ISBN
2-7108-0777-7
G. Centi, F. Cavani, F. Trifirò “Selective Oxidation by Heterogeneous Catalysis” Kluwer Academic/Plenum
Publishers, New York, 2001, ISBN 0-306-46265-6
F. Trifirò, F. Cavani, F. Gennari "Trends in catalysis for industrial applications” in “Catalysts for Cleaner
Industrial Tchnologies. A Survey”. Eds. S. Miertus e F. Trifirò, Unido, Trieste 2001, p.1-19.
F. Trifirò, F. Cavani, F. Gennari “Selective oxidation of paraffins in the gas phase with heterogeneous catalysis” in
“Catalysts for Cleaner Industrial Technologies. A Survey”. Eds. S. Miertus e F. Trifirò, Unido, Trieste 2001, p. 21-73.
F. Trifirò, F. Cavani, F. Gennari “Catalytic oxidations with H2O2 and alternative processes with molecular
oxygen” in “Catalysts for Cleaner Industrial Technologies. A Survey”. Eds. S. Miertus e F. Trifirò, Unido, Trieste
2001, p. 75-103.
L. Balduzzi, F. Prinetto, G. Ghiotti, A. Bianchini, M. Livi, A. Vaccari "FT - IR study of Pt, Cu and Pt-Cu phases
supported on hydrotalcite - derived mixe oxide" in "Studies in surface Science and Catalysis", Eds. A. Gamba, C.
Colella, S. Coluccia, Elsevier, Vol. 140 (2001)
S. Masetti, F. Trifirò, G. Blanchard "Fluid - bed tin - based catalyst for propane ammoxidation" Applied Catalysis
A: General, 217, 119 (2001)
87
S. Blasioli, E. Roncari, D. Scagliarini, F. Trifirò "Etudes des techniques de stabilisation de catalyseurs DENOx"
Ann. Chim. Sci. Mat., 26, 245 (2001) (*)
F. Basile, A. Vaccari "Applications of hydrotalcite - type anionic clays (layered double hydroxide) in catalysis" in
Layered Double Hydroxides: Present and Future, Nova Science Publisher, Inc., New York (2001), cap. 10
2000
F. Basile, G. Fornasari, M. Gazzano, A. Vaccari "Synthesis and thermal evolution of hydrotalcite - type
compounds containing noble metals" Applied Clay Science, 16, 185 (2000)
G.L. Castiglioni, G. Minelli, P. Porta, A. Vaccari "Synthesis and properties of spinel-type Co-Cu-Mg-Zn-Cr mixed
oxides" Journal of Solid State Chemistry,152, 526 (2000)
L. Forni, G. Fornasari, R. Trabace, F. Trifirò, A. Vaccari, L. Dalloro "Beckmann rearrangement over anionic clays"
Studies in surface Science and Catalysis, Vol. 130, Proceeding of the 12th International Congress on Catalysis,
Granada July (2000), Elsevier, p. 3513
F. Basile, G. Fornasari, F. Trifirò, A. Vaccari "Reactivity and thermal profile of methane partial oxidation at very
short residence time" Studies in surface Science and Catalysis, Vol. 130, Proceeding of the 12th International
Congress on Catalysis, Granada July (2000), Elsevier, p. 449 (*)
M. Campanati, A. Vaccari, O. Piccolo "Environment - friently synthesis of nitrogen - containing heterocyclic
compouds" Catalysis Today, 60, 289 (2000)
M. Campanati, F. Donati, A. Vaccari, O. Piccolo "Vapour phase synthesis of heterocyclic compounds" In “Actas
XVII Simp. Iberoamericano de Catalise”, J.M. Orfao, J.L. Faria, J.L. Figueredo, Eds., FEUP ediçiones, Porto, (2000)
.
M. Campanati and A. Vaccari "Acidic clays" In “Fine Chemicals through Heterogeneous Catalysis” (R. Sheldon and
H. van Bekkum, Ed.s), VCH, Weinheim, pp. 61 (2000).
R. Catani, F. Cavani, u. Cornaro, A. Del Biaco, E. Frontani, D. Ghisletti, A. Tasso, F. Trifirò "Ammoxidation of
propylene to acrylonitrile catalyzed by multimetal molibdate- and iron antimonate - based active compounds
dipersed in oxidic matrixes: the effect of the dipsersing oxide on the catalytic performance" In "Studies in Surface
Science and Catalysis", A. Corma, F.V. Melo, S. Mendioroz, J.L.G. Fierro (Editors), vol. 130, pp. 1691 (2000)
F. Cavani, T. Monti, D. Paoli "Charaterization and reactivity of supported and unsupported B / P / O catalysts in
the O-alkylation of diphenols with methanol" In "Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis", A. Corma, F.V. Melo,
S. Mendioroz, J.L.G. Fierro (Editors), vol. 130, pp. 2633 (2000)
F. Cavani, S. Ligi, T. Monti, F. Pierelli, F. Trifirò, S. Albonetti, G. Mazzoni "Relationship between structural /
surface characteristics and reactivity in n-butane oxidation to maleic anhydride. The role of the V3+ species"
Catalysis today, 61, 203 (2000)
L. Forni, G. Fornasari, E. Miserazzi, R. Trabace, F. Trifirò, A. Vaccari, L. Dalloro "Vapour phase beckmann
rearrangement over ht-like matierials" Heterogeneous Catalysis, Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium, l.
Petrov, Ch. Bonev, G. Kadinov (Editors), pp. 507 (2000)
F. Cavani, D. Scagliarini "Catalizzatori solidi basici" La Chimica e L'Industria, 6, 665 (2000).
F. Cavani, T. Monti "Reactivity of B/P/O-based heterogeneous catalysts in gas-phase O-alkylation of diphenols
with methanol" in "Catalysis of Organic Reactions", M.E. Ford (Ed.), Marcel Dekker, New York, 2000, p. 123
G.L. Castiglioni,. F. Cavani, C. Fumagalli, S. Ligi, F. Trifirò "Synthesis of methylmaleic anhydride (citraconic
anhydride) by heterogeneous selective oxidation of isoprene with V/Ti/O catalysts" in "Catalysis of Organic
Reactions", M.E. Ford (Ed.), Marcel Dekker, New York, 2000, p. 371
L. Calzolari, F. Cavani, T. Monti "Heterogeneous catalysts based on B / P /O for the monoetherification of 1,2dihydroxybenzene in the gas phase" C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Série IIc, Chimie, 3, 533 (2000)
88
F. Cavani, R. Mezzogori, A. Pigamo, F. Trifirò "Synthesis of methacrylic acid by selective oxidation of isobutane,
catalysed by Keggin - type polyoxometalates: relationship between catalytic performance, reaction conditions
and chemical - physical features of the catalyst" C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Série IIc, Chimie, 3, 523 (2000)
M.S.M Mujeebur Rahuman, L. Pistone, F. Trifirò, S. Miertus "Destruction technologies for polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs)" ICS proceedings expert group meeting on POPs and Pesticides contamination: Remediation
Technologies, Trieste, 17 - 19 Aprile 2000, p.9
S. Albonetti, L. Dal Pozzo, F. Trifirò "Catalysis in clean technologies for fine chemicals" Proceedings of the
Workshop on Catalytic processes for clean chemistry and water and air depollution, A. Ghorbels, S. Miertus, Eds., 159
(2000)
1999
A. Vaccari "Hydrotalcite - type anionic clays (layer double hydroxides) as precursors of both catalysts and
catalysts supports" 9th Cimtec - World Ceramic Congress, Ceramics: Getting into the 2000 - Part D, P. Vincenzini
(Editor), Techna srl 1999, p. 571
A. Vaccari "Clays and catalysis: a promising future" Applied Clay Science, 14, 161 (1999)
R. Angelucci, A. Poggi, L. Dori, G.C. Cardinali, A. Parisini, A. Tagliani, M. Mariasaldi, F. Cavani "Permetated
porous silicon for hydrocarbon sensor fabrication" Sensors and Actuators, 74, 95 (1999)
S. Albonetti, F. Cavani, S. Masetti, F. Trifirò "Mixed oxides with rutile type structure active in ammoxidation to
acrylonitrile" Science and Technology in Catalysis, Kodansha Ltd. (1998) p. 79
C.I. Cabello, G.L. Castiglioni, F. Cavani, C. Fumagalli, L. Grasso, S. Ligi, F. Trifirò "Oxidation of isoprene to
methylmaleic anhydride (citraconi anhydride) over vanadium oxide - based catalysts"Science and Technology in
Catalysis, Kodansha Ltd. (1998) p. 359
F. Cavani, F. Trifirò "Selective oxidation of light alkanes: interaction between the catalyst and the gas phase on
different classes of catalytic materials" Catalysis Today, 51, 561 (1999)
B. Ballarin, R. Seeber, D. Tonelli, A. Vaccari "Electrocatalytic properties of nickel (II) hydrotalcite-type anionic
clay: application to methanol and ethanol oxidation" Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 463, 123 (1999)
F. Cavani "Ammonossidazione di propano in fase gas per la sintesi dell'acrilonitrile" La Chimica e l'Industria, 81,
1285 (1999)
1998
F. Basile, L. Basini, M. D' Amore, G. Fornasari, D. Matteuzzi, F. Trifirò, A. Vaccari "Ni/Mg/Al anionic caly derived
catalyst for the catalytic partial oxidation of methane: contact time dependence of the reactivity features" J.
Catal., 173, 247 (1998) (*)
B. Ballarin, M. Gazzano, F. Gulmanelli, R. Seeber, D. Tonelli, A. Vaccari "Electodes coated by hydrotalcite-like
clays. Effects of the metals and the intercalated anions on ion accumulation and retention capability" J.
Electroanal. Chem., 445, 27 (1998)
A. Vaccari "Preparation and catalytic properties of cationic and anionic clays" Catalysis Today, 41, 53 (1998)
F. Cavani "Heteropolycompounds-based catalysts: A blend of acid and oxidizing properties" Catalysis Today, 41,
73 (1998)
G. Fornasari, F. Trifirò "Oxidation with no-redox oxides: ammoximation of cyclohexanone on amorphous silicas"
89
F. Cavani, A. Tanguy, F. Trifirò, M. Koutrev "Effect of antimony on the chemical-physical features and reactivity
in isobutyric acid oxidehydrogenation of Keggin-type hetheropolycompounds" Journal of Catalysis, 174, 231
(1998)
S. Albonetti, G. Blanchard, P. Burattin, S. Masetti, A. Tagliani, F. Trifirò "A new ternary mixed oxide catalyst from
ammoxidation of propane: Sn / V / Sb" Catalysis Letters, 50, 17 (1998)
M. Sanati, R. Akbari, S. Masetti, F. Trifirò "Kinetic study of propane ammoxidation to acrylonitrile over V - Sb O / TiO2 (B)" Catalysis Today, 42, 325 (1998)
F. Basile, L. Basini, G. Fornasari, A. Guarinoni, F. Trivirò, A. Vaccari "Catalytic behaviour of Ni- and Rhcontaining catalyst in the partial oxidation of methane at short residence times" in Natural Gas Conversion V,
Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, Vol. 119, A. Parmaliana, D. Sanfilippo, F. Frusteri, A. Vaccari, F. Arena,
Eds., Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1998, 693
G.L. Castiglioni, C. Fumagalli, E. Armbruster, M. Messori, A. Vaccari "Cu / Zn / Zr catalysts for the production of
environmentally friendly solvents" in Catalysis of Organic Reactions, F. E. Herkes Ed., Dekker, New York, 1998,
391
M. Campanati, F. Fazzini, G. Fornasari, A. Tagliani, A. Vaccari "Environmentally friendrly catalysts for acylation
reactions" in Catalysis of Organic Reactions, F. E. Herkes Ed., Dekker, New York, 1998, 307
F. Basile, L. Basini, G. Fornasari, M. Gazzano, F. Trifirò, A. Vaccari "Anionic clays as precursors of noble metal
based catalysis for methane activation" in Preparation of catalysts VII, B. Delmon, P.A. Jackobs, R. Maggi, J.A.
Martens, P. Grange, G. Poncelet Eds., Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1998, 31 (*)
S. Albonetti, G. Blanchard, P. Burattin, F. Cavani, S. Masetti, F. Trifirò "Propane ammoxidation to acrylonitrile
over a tin-based mide-oxide catalyst" Catalysis Today, 42, 283 (1998)
M. López Granados, J.L.G. Fierro, F. Cavani, A. Colombo, F. Giuntoli, F. Trifirò "Study by XPS and TPD of the
interaction of n-pentane and n-butane with the surface of 'non-equilibrated' and 'equilibrated' V-P-O catalysts"
F. Cavani, S. Ligi, S. Masetti, F. Trifirò "SbVO4: the chemistry of preparation" in "Preparation of Catalysts VII",B.
Delmon et al., Eds., Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1998, 377-384
C. Cabello, F. Cavani, S. Ligi, F. Trifirò "Oxidation of n-butane and n-pentane over V/P/O-based catalysts:
comparison between fresh and "equilibrated" catalysts" in "Natural gas Conversion V", A. Parmaliana et al. (Eds.),
Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1998, 925
F. Cavani, F. Trifirò "Paraffins as raw materials for the petrochemical industry" in "Natural gas Conversion V",
A. Parmaliana et al. (Eds.), Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1998, 561
A. Bottino, G. Capannelli, A. Comite, F. Ferrari, O. Monticelli, D. Romano, A. Servida, F. Cavani, V. Chiappa
"Hydrocarbons catalytic combustion in membrane reactors" in "Natural gas Conversion V", A. Parmaliana et al.
(Eds.), Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1998, 435
G. Capannelli, A. Bottino, D. Romano, O. Monticelli, A. Servida, F. Cavani, A. Bartolini, S. Rossini
"Oxydehydrogenation of propane to propylene in catalytic membrane reactor: a model for the interpretation of
experimental data" in "Natural gas Conversion V", A. Parmaliana et al. (Eds.), Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1998,
423
F. Trifirò "The chemistry of oxidation catalysts based on mixed oxides" Catalysis Today, 41, 21 (1998)
F. Basile, G. Fornasari, E. Poluzzi, A. Vaccari "Catalytic partial oxidation and CO2 - reforming on Rh- and Nibased catalysts obtained from hydrotalcite - type precursors" Applied Clay Science, 13, 329 (1998)
J. Pasel, P. Kabner, B. Montanari, M. Gazzano, A. Vaccari, W. Makowski, T. Lojewski, R. Dziembaj, H. Papp
"Transition metal oxide suported on active carbon as low temperature catalysts for the selective catalytic
reduction (SCR) of NO with NH3" Applied Catalysis B:Environmental, 18, 199 (1998)
90
1997
L. Basini, M. D’Amore, G. Fornasari; D. Matteuzzi, D. Sanfilippo, F. Trifirò, A. Vaccari "Syngas production by
methane partial oxidation: Reactivity dependance on catalyst properties and contact time" In "Natural Gas
Conversion IV" (M. de Pontes et al., Eds), Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1997, pp. 429-434
G. Centi, A. Galli, B. Montanari, S. Perathoner, A. Vaccari "Catalytic decomposition of N2O over noble and
transition metal containing oxides and zeolites. Role of some variables on reactivity" Catal. Today, 35, 113 (1997)
S. Perathoner, A. Vaccari "Catalysts based on pillared interlayed clays for the selective catalytic reduction of
NO" Clay Minerals, 32, 119 (1997)
B. Montanari, A. Vaccari, M. Gazzano, P. Kabner, H. Papp, J. Pasel, R. Dziembaj, W. Makowski, T. Lojewski
"Characterization and activity of novel copper-containing base catalysts for selective catalitic reduction of NO
with NH3" Appl. Catal. B:Environmental, 13, 205 (1997)
M. Gazzano, W. Kagunya, D. Matteuzzi, A. Vaccari "Neutron diffraction studies of polycrystalline Ni/Mg/Al
mixed oxides obtained from hydrotalcyte-like precursors" J. Phys. Chem., 101, 4514 (1997)
F. Basile, L. Basini, G. Fornasari, A. Guarinoni, L. Piovesan, A. Vaccari, F. Trifirò "Short residence time partial
oxidation of methane: it is an heterogeneous and kinetically controlled processe?" In "Proc. 1st European
Congress on Chemical Engineering", AIDIC, Milano, 1997, vol. 1, pp. 349-352
F. Basile, L. Basini, G. Fornasari, M. Gazzano, F. Trifirò, A: Vaccari "New rhodium and ruthenium based anionic
clay catalysts for the partial oxidation of methane to syngas" in "Proc. 1st European Congress on Chemical
Engineering", AIDIC, Milano, 1997, vol. 1, pp. 381-384
M. Trombetta, G. Ramis, G. Busca, B. Montanari, A. Vaccari "Ammonia adsorption and oxidation on Cu/Mg/Al
mixed oxide catalysts prepared via hydrotalcite-type precursors" Langmuir, 13, 4628 (1997)
F.M. Cabello, D. Tichit, B. Coq, A. Vaccari, N.T. Dungù "Hydrogenation of acetonitrile on nickel based catalysts
prepared from hydrotalcite-like precursors" J. Catal., 167, 142 (1997)
M. Campanati, P. Savini, A. Tagliani, A. Vaccari, O. Piccolo "Environmentally friendly vapour phase synthesis of
alkyl-quinoline" Catal. Letters, 47, 247 (1997)
T. Loiewski, R. Dziembaj, R. Chyzy, A. Vaccari, B. Montanari "Characterization of the DeNOX catalysts derived
from impregnated and co-precipitated hydrotalcyte-type precursors" Polish J. Environm. Studies, 6, 71 (1997)
A. Vaccari "Vapour phase synthesis of g-butyrolactone: an example of environmentally-friendly processes of
industrial relevance" In "Actas 26° Riun, Bienn. Real Soc. Española de Quimica" (C. Mira, Ed.), Univ. de Cadiz,
Cadiz (E), 1997, vol. 1, pp. 89
S. Albonetti, G. Blanchard, P. Burattin, S. Masetti, F. Trifirò "Propane ammoxidation over Sn/V/Sb mixed oxide:
preparation method and calcination effect" In "Proc. of the 1st International Workshop Reactivity of Oxide
Materials Theory and Experiment" (A. Gamba and S. Coluccia, Eds), Il Nuovo Cimento, Bologna, 1997, pp. 1631
S. Albonetti, G. Blanchard, P. Burattin, S. Masetti, F. Trifirò "A new catalyst for propane ammoxidation: the
Sn/V/Sb mixed oxide" In "3rd World Congress On Oxidation Catalysis", Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., Vol. 110 (R.K.
Grasselli et al. Eds.), Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1997, pp. 403
S. Albonetti, G. Blanchard, P. Burattin, T.J. Cassidy, S. Masetti, F. Trifirò "Mechanism of Ammoxidation of
Propane on Sb/V/O System" Catal. Lett., 45. 119 (1997)
F. Cavani, A. Colombo, F. Trifirò, M.T. Sananes Schulz, J.C. Volta, G.J. Hutchings "The effect of cobalt and iron
dopants on the catalytic behavior of V/P/O catalysts in the selective oxidation of n-pentane to maleic and
phthalic anhydrides" Catal. Lett., 43, 241 (1997)
91
R. Angelucci, A. Poggi, L. Dori, G.C. Cardinali, A. Parisini, G. Pizzochero, F. Trifirò, F. Cavani, C. Critelli, L.
Boarino "Porous silicon layer permeated with Sn-V mixed oxides for hydrocarbon sensor fabrication" Thin Solid
Films, 297, 43 (1997)
F. Cavani, A. Lucchi, A. Tanguy, F. Trifirò "The gas phase oxidation of isobutane to methacrylic acid catalyzed by
Keggin-type P/Mo/W heteropolycompounds" In "Proc. DGMK-Conference, C4 Chemistry-Manufacture and Use of
C4 Hydrocarbons", (W. Keim et al. Eds.), Tagungsbericht 9705, Hamburg, 1997, p.173
M. Lòpez Granados, J.M. Coronado, J.L.G. Fierro, F. Cavani, F. Giuntoli, F. Trifirò "TPD, XPS and ESR Studies of
the Surface Processes Involved in the Oxidation of n-Pentane on a (VO)2P2O7 system" Surf. Interface Anal., 25,
667 (1997)
F. Cavani, F. Trifirò "The characterization of the surface properties of V-P-O-based catalysts by probe
molecules" Appl. Catal. A: General, 157, 195 (1997)
F. Cavani, F. Trifirò "Some aspects that affect the selective oxidation of paraffins" Catal. Today, 36, 431 (1997)
F. Cavani, F. Trifirò "The multifunctional properties of heterogeneous catalysts, active and selective in the
oxidation of light paraffins" In "3rd World Congress on Oxidation Catalysis", (R.K. Grasselli et al. Eds.), Elsevier
Science, Amsterdam, 1997, p. 19
M.R. Cramarossa, L. Forti, M.A. Fedotov, L.G. Detusheva, V.A. Likholobov, L.I. Kuznetsova, G.L. Semin, F. Cavani,
F. Trifirò "Reactivity of transition-metal-modified, Keggin-type heteropolycomplexes in the homogeneous
oxidation of cyclohexane and adamantane" J. Mol. Catal. A: Chemical, 127, 85 (1997)
F. Basile, L. Basini, G. Fornasari, E. Poluzzi, F. Trifirò, A. Vaccari "Nuovi sistemi catalitici contenenti metalli nobili
per l' attivazione del metano" in "Materiali, ricerca e prospettive tecnologiche alle soglie del 2000", Vol. 2, FAST
(Milano) p. 1441 (1997)
S. Albonetti, G. Blanchard, P. Burattin, S. Masetti, F. Trifirò "A new catalyst for propane ammoxidation: the
Sn/V/sb mixed oxide" 2rd World Congress on Oxidation Catalysis, R.K. Grasselli, S.T. Oyama, A.M. Gaffney, J.E.
Lyons Editors, Elsevier Science V.B. 403 (1997)
S. Albonetti, G. Blanchard, P. Burattin, S. Masetti, F. Trifirò "Propaneammoxidation over Sn / V / Sb mixed oxide:
preparation method and calcination effects" Il Nuovo Cimento, 19, 1631 (1997)
F. Cavani, F. Trifirò "Classification of industrial catalysts and catalysis for the petrochemical industry" Catalysis
Today, 34, 269 (1997)
T.J. Cassidy, M. Pollastri, F. Trifirò "Ammoxidation of propane on nickel antimonates" Journal of Catalysis, 172,
55 (1997)
I-3
I-4
Patents
F. Cavani, T. Monti, P. Panseri, B. Castelli, V. Messori “Ossido misto di alluminio e fosforo: procedimento per la
sua preparazione e suo impiego come catalizzatore” Domanda di Brevetto Italiano A00685 (2000). Assegnato a
Borregaard Italia. Milano, 31/03/2000
U. Cornaro, R. Catani, D. Sanfilippo, F. Cavani “Sistema catalitico per la produzione di acrilonitrile da propilene”
Domanda di Brevetto Italiano 02603 (2000). Assegnato a Snamprogetti SpA. Milano, 20/12/2000
V. Borzatta, E. Poluzzi, M. Tozzi, A. Vaccari "Processo per la sintesi di 2-idrossifenilalchilchetoni" Italian Patent
MI99 A002038 (1999), WO Patent 01/23,339 A1 (2001), Assegnato a Endura.
S. Ligi, F. Cavani, S. Albonetti, G. Mazzoni “Vanadium/Phosphorus mixed oxide catalyst precursor” Domanda di
Brevetto Italiano A01233 (1999); WO Patent 00/72,963 (2000). Assegnato a Lonza SpA Milano, 01/06/1999
92
O. Piccolo, A.. Vaccari, M. Campanati, P. Massardo Procedimento per preparare composti indolici" Italian Patent
MI98 A002,397 (1998) Assegnato a CHEMI
A. Vaccari, S. Alini, A. Bologna, F. Basile, T. Montanari, "Process for decomposing nitrous oxide (N2O)" EP
Patent 183354 (2001), , Assigned to Radici.
Appendix 2
Appendix 3
Name of the Unit:
Bologna 2
Research Director:
Trifirò
Years included
1997-2001
Name of Journal
Catalysis Today
Number
Articles
15
Applied Catalysis A
Applied Catalysis B
Catal. Letters
Applied Clay Science
J Catal
J ELECTROANAL CHEM
Topics Catal.
Altri
4
2
5
4
4
2
1
57
of Journal Impact Field(s)
Factor (2001)
2.333
Engineering, chemical
Chemistry, physical
2.258
Chemistry, physical
3.643
Chemistry, physical
1.852
Chemistry, physical
2.095
Mineralogy
3.293
Chemistry, physical
1.96
Chemistry, analytical
2.136
Chemistry, physical
Ranking
4/123
25/93
27/93
13/93
33/93
3/24
17/93
16/68
29/93
93
BOLOGNA 3
Bologna 3
Bologna 3
University:
Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna
Faculty:
Facoltà di Chimica Industriale
Faculty of Industrial Chemistry
Department:
Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale e dei Materiali
Department of Industrial Chemistry and Materials
Research Leader
Prof. Luciano Morselli
Contact Person
Please specify:
Name
Phone
Fax
E-mail
Luciano Morselli
Mailing Address Department of
Industrial Chemistry and Materials,
viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna Italy
+39 051 2093668
+39 051 2093863
[email protected]
Thematic area
• Chimica degli ecosistemi (chimica del suolo, delle acque
e dell’aria; impatto dei prodotti di sintesi sull’ambiente).
The Faculty of Industrial counts about 125 teaching and researching staff units, including full professors, associated
professors and researchers and about 500 students. The unit is formed by groups which belong to two Departments of
the same Faculty, Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Dep. and Industrial Chemistry and Material Dep.
The Unit
The Unit consists of 3 members of University Staff, a Full Professor (since 2001), an Associated Professor (since 2001)
and a Researcher. The disciplinary areas they belong to are “Environmental Chemistry”, “Analytical Chemistry” and
“Chemistry and Biotechnology” respectively.
The Faculty offers three different degree courses (“Industrial Chemistry”, “Environmental and Waste Management
Chemical Technologies”, “Material Chemistry and Ceramic Technologies”) and a specialistic course (“Products,
Materials and Processes for the Industrial Chemistry).
The teaching load can be estimated in about 38 credits, corresponding to about 400 hours, including lectures and
laboratory experiences of Environmental Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry and Industrial Biochemistry.
4 Post-doc and 4 PhD students (2 at the third year, 2 at the first year) are presently co-operating with the research
group.
94
1
Title
Integrated Environmental Monitoring System applied to Pollutant Chemistry and Control.
2
Research Leader
2a
Title: Applied chemistry and biochemistry for the valorisation of industrial and agro-food wastes, environmental
control and remediation of polluted sites.
Leaders: Prof. Luciano Morselli, Dr. Leonardo Setti
3
Names and Titles
Year of Rank
Birth
Prof. Sergio Zappoli
1943
1958
Prof. Leonardo Setti
Dr. Antonella Andracchio
Dr. Silvia Giuliani
Dr. Fabrizio Passarini
Dr. Roberto Mezzogori
Dr. Elena Badiali
Dr. Chiara Piana
Dr. Michele Bartoli
Dr. Elena Bernardi
1963
1965
1969
1972
1974
1970
1974
1975
1977
Full Professor
Associated
Professor
Ricercatore
Post-doc
Post-doc
Post-doc
Post-doc
PhD-student
PhD-student
PhD-student
PhD-student
Research
Input in fte
in 2001
.5
.5
0.5
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
0.5
1.0
1.0
10.0
Remarks
He joined the unit in 2001
He joined the institute in 1999
He joined the unit in 2001
She joined the institute in 2000
She graduated in 2000
He graduated in 2001
She graduated in 2001
Comments
The group is constituted by 3 members of the structured personnel and 8 of the unstructured personnel. These last
members are all Post-doc or PhD students, and almost all joined the group only in the last 2 years. A great investment
by the unit is made on research formation, considering the PhD-courses as the most suitable way to reach the
competences in programming and leading research projects.
Many young graduated people followed one another, since 1997; someone worked in the unit for a few months, to
carry out short range projects, while others stayed for some years, after the graduation, achieving PhD and Post-doc
positions or finding a job outside the University.
The unit is expected to increase in number in the next 5 years. In particular, an expansion in structured personnel is
predicted, in technical and research positions, due to the growing importance achieving in Industrial Chemistry Faculty
the environmental subjects. Such a change can be accompanied by the replacement of PhD and Post-doc positions.
4
Category
1997
Full Professors
0.0
.5
Ricercatori
1
Post-docs
2.0
PhD-students
0.0
Borsisti
2.5
Total
6
1998
0.0
.5
1
2.0
1.0
2.5
7
1999
0.0
.5
1
2.0
2.0
2.5
8
2000
0.0
.5
1
1.0
2.5
2.0
7
2001
.5
.5
0.5
3.0
2.5
2.5
9.5
Total
.5
2.5
4.
10.0
8.0
11.5
37
95
The Academic Staff increased from 1997 to 2001. As to the structured personnel, a Full Professor and an Associated
Professor were appointed in 2001.
Post-docs, PhD students and Borsisti have increased in number, thanks to more funds supplied by many agencies or
private concerns. These funds allowed many just graduated students to continue the research training in the University
and to attend PhD courses.
A PhD student leaved the course in 2000, while attending the second year.
In the next 5 years the unit could still further increase in number, aiming to a growing research formation of young
investigators, by means of PhD courses.
5
Funding
5.1
Personnel (in fte)
Source
University
CNR
European Union
Other Sponsors
Total
5.2
*
*
1998
0.5
0.0
1.0
4.0
5.5
1999
1.0
0.0
1.0
4.5
6.5
2000
1.0
0.0
1.0
3.5
5.5
2001
0.8
0.5
0.0
6.7
8.0
Total
3.5
0.5
4.0
22.0
30
1999
22
0
13
37
72
2000
47
0
6
75
128
2001
25
15
0
400
440
Total
118
20
79
672
889
Source
University - MURST
CNR
EU
Other Sponsors
Total
5.3
1997
0.2
0.0
1.0
3.3
4.5
1997
10
4
30
112
156
1998
14
1
30
48
93
Comments:
On the figures
A sharp increase in funding can be observed in 2001, which is not a occasional trend, but is going to be confirmed also
in the next years.
The percentage of institutional financing (University, CNR and EU) reached the maximum in 1998 and 1999 (about
50%). It can be seen that both personnel and materials are supported mainly by private sponsoring.
This observation underlines that these subjects have a great social importance and find growing favour with private
business.
Major sponsors:
ENEL Brindisi
Procedures for the extraction and analysis of PCB congeners in real matrices, by Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE)
technology have been set up. A particular attention has been paid to the recovery efficiency of PCB from soil matrices
in different analytical conditions.
Emilia Romagna Region
An overview on Incineration Plant in the Region has been conducted, in order to compare technological and ecological
efficiencies. A report has been published, including technological description, mass and energy balances, factor
emissions of macro and micro-pollutants.
Tetra Pak Italiana S.p.A.
A research on the possibility of recycling beverage cartons, made of cellulose, polyethylene and, for long-life food,
aluminium, in a paper mill process has been conducted. The technological feasibility, the paper quality and the
characterisation of wastes have been studied.
96
AMIA S.p.A.
The application of an Integrated Environmental Monitoring System has been carried out to an incineration plant, to
evaluate its environmental impact. Process and natural matrices, collected in the vicinity, have been compared for the
investigation of cause-effect relationships.
ANPA (National Environmental Protection Agency)
A deep investigation of critical loads and exceedances of atmospheric pollutants has been effected. Critical loads have
been calculated with a progressively more accurate methods. Exceedances of different Italian sites are compared to
estimate environmental risks.
ARPA Emilia Romagna (Regional Environmental Protection Agency)
The same investigation strategy used in the research sponsored by AMIA S.p.A. has been applied to another case study,
regarding two incineration plants sited near an industrial and residential area.
Le.Se.Pi.Da.Do. S.r.l.
Development of new inks for ink-jet technology, in order to reduce the problems linked to the deinking processes into
the paper mills both for the whiteness of the paper and for the disposal of the waste waters from the deinking.
6.
Progress Report
6.1
Mission Statement
The Unit’s mission is to investigate the environmental diffusion, reactions and fate of pollutants.
In particular, innovative methodologies and strategies of sampling are defined, in order to assess the environmental
quality of a given site, describing the pollutant load which undergo natural matrices and other materials.
An Integrated Environmental Monitoring System is defined and used as an innovative approach that allows a
remarkable understanding of impacts due to a contamination source. The determination of contaminants is carried out
from the source to the final sink, investigating the correlations existing between the content in process effluents and in
natural matrices.
Suitable procedure are studied and adopted, for each type of environmental compartment affected by contamination. A
particular study is addressed in the sampling, treatment and analysis of wet and dry depositions.
The research is also bent on the comparison of environmental impact due to different waste treatment activities
(incineration, composting, different types of recycling processes), in order to outline a management strategy which
supports the most eco-sustainable industrial technologies, improving the recovery of material and energy, considering
the different merceological categories of waste.
A sub-programme mission consists in achieving technological innovations for the valorisation of industrial and agrofood wastes, for the decontamination of different matrices and sites, and for the planning of new eco-sustainable
processes, by means of chemical and biological plants and technologies. Particular interest has the development of new
integrated biological processes using enzymes and microorganisms. The industrial interest is focused on the design of
novel reactors for the bioprocesses in non-conventional systems using immobilized enzymes and microorganisms; in
particular, a study has developed immobilized cell bioreactor for fuel biodesulfurization processes.
The research can be considered essentially applied, even if more fundamental studies are conducted on the reactions of
chemical species in the atmospheric compartment and on the improvement of analytical techniques for the
determination of organic and inorganic pollutants.
The principle client of research results is the international scientific community, within which they are diffused by
means of scientific publications and congress presentations. However, due to the environmental relevance of these
studies, also Regional and National Environmental Protection Agencies, as well as other public authorities or
institutions (Region, city-owned enterprises) are interested and involved in them. Furthermore, private business
provides financial support to attain product or process environmental certification, or to assess and improve the ecosustainability of its processes.
Finally, the scientific content of the research is quite innovative and is a matter of educational and training programmes,
consisting in a degree course and in a national school.
6.2
A proper Environmental Monitoring strategy becomes more and more crucial, in order to provide a reliable estimation
of the state of the environment and of the condition of ecosystems. Furthermore, it’s in the interest of private business
to exhibit an environmental care, which is the basic idea supporting the certification of products and processes.
Thus, a particular attention must be paid to those sites which are affected by a diffuse or punctual contamination, due to
the presence of highly contaminating industrial plants, or to the widespread distribution of small industrial or handicraft
activities, or to the existence of a dense road traffic network.
97
The first step of an Integrated Environmental Monitoring System consists in the characterisation of contamination
sources, using all the instruments that can be put together with analytical emission monitoring, such as (in the case of a
punctual origin) Life Cycle Inventory, calculation of Mass and Energy Balance, determination of pollutant Mass Fluxes
and Emission Factors. These results become important when an Environmental Monitoring takes place, because the
immission of contaminants must be correlated to their content in natural matrices.
Organic or inorganic macro and micropollutants can be chosen as Environmental Indicators, depending on the primary
sources that have to be investigated.
Generally, also a diffusion model has to be applied, in order to predict the zones of maximum deposition and the
minimally invested areas. In this way, a monitoring network can be arranged, and the collection of a significant number
of environmental matrix samples, sited in different affected zones, can be carried out.
Atmospheric environment is especially studied, because of its importance in the transport of pollutants and in the
interaction with plants and animals. The monitoring of gaseous pollutants, atmospheric aerosol and wet and dry
atmospheric depositions are conducted.
Innovative procedures are set up in order to characterise, fractionate and isolate macromolecular organic compounds in
the aerosol. In the suspended particulate the organic component is isolated and characterised and the inorganic
component is determined even with speciation techniques. The oxidative capacity of the multiphase atmospheric system
is also investigated, with a particular attention to the couple Fe(II)/Fe(III).
Because of the lack of official methods for the monitoring of atmospheric depositions, in particular for the collection of
dry contribution, devoted studies have been carried out. Both types of deposition are collected using a modified
sampler, for the collection of dry deposition on a thin layer of water surface, which performs a more effective recovery
than the solid-surface ones. The content of each vessel is then filtered, for the determination of a soluble (or
dissolvable) fraction and an insoluble one. Heavy metals contained in the soluble fraction can be considered the most
dangerous, due to their higher availability. However, the determination of organic micropollutant deposition (as PCB,
PAH and PCDD/F) is conducted using a bulk sampler, because of their very low absolute concentration in the
atmosphere.
An evolution of these studies, concerning the pollution load on a given site, is the calculation of critical loads, which
are defined as a quantitative estimate of exposure to one or more pollutants below which significant harmful effects on
sensitive elements of the environment do not occur, according to present knowledge. Exceedances represent the
difference between the real deposition flux and the calculated Critical Load. The knowledge of the whole fluxes, from
wet and dry deposition, of different contaminants allows an evaluation of the environmental quality of a site, through a
comparison with the Critical Load value of the territory itself, for each pollutant. The Critical Loads of a given area are
defined on the base of territorial characteristics, as geological nature, type of soil, and vegetation cover, and express the
territorial sensitivity to the different pollutants. Static methods (Level 1) for the determination of Critical Loads were
used: they are identified as SSMB method (Steady State Mass Balance).
An important result was obtained in the determination of critical loads and of exceedances in the Province of Bologna.
A more punctual knowledge of the territory characteristics and the monthly determination of wet and dry atmospheric
depositions allowed an ever-growing precision in the determination of this important parameters. The critical load was
calculated for different chemical species, as acidity, nutrient N, and heavy metals, in the different geographical zones,
represented in maps, subdivided in suitably dimensioned grids. The outlook of this research will focus on the
improvement of critical load calculation and on the extension also to other atmospheric parameters.
A deeper environmental investigation can be accomplished extending the determination of pollutant content to soil and
vegetation species collected in the same sites constituting the monitoring network. For these matrices, official standard
methods can be used, except for vascular plants (a method for the determination of the superficially deposited trace
contaminants has also been used). A biomonitoring campaign, using mosses as bioaccumulators, has been started since
the second half of 2001, in order to compare chemical results to the response of biological receptors.
An important results obtained by our group is the definition of a methodological approach for the recognition of causeeffect relationship between the emissions from a contamination source and the environmental contamination observed
in the vicinity. This approach, which was successfully applied to incineration plants sited in Emilia-Romagna Region,
can be considered a reference point useful for the assessment of environmental impacts caused by industrial plants. It is
characterised by the application of many different knowledge and procedures, thus resulting a highly interdisciplinary
strategy.
In studying incinerators, heavy metals were chosen as preferential contamination tracers, and the results were
elaborated using multivariate techniques for data treatment. Similar variable correlations were noticed both in process
and in nearest natural matrices, while the farthest monitoring site displayed quite different patterns. Furthermore,
natural samples’ contamination, in particular in soil, differed mostly due to the year of collection, rather than the
position with respect to the plant (except for the farthest site), and variable fluctuations accorded well with those
observed in emissions from incinerators. The continuation of the research will be focused on the better knowledge of
particulate atmospheric interaction and deposition, to distinguish more precisely the different sources of atmospheric
pollutants.
An ongoing project has been opened about the study of the interaction of common atmospheric pollutants with
materials, and in particular with cultural assets, in which Italian historical cities are very rich. An assessment of the
98
corrosion of bronze materials exposed to natural acid rain collected in Bologna, compared to artificial rain, is
conducted.
Monitoring of the soil constitutes an important instrument for the application of remediation technologies. A new
possibility to use the supercritical fluid extraction for investigate the fate of pollutants in the soil structure is in
progress. The recovery of the analyte from the soil matrix depends on the mass transfer. This includes the desorption of
the analyte from the soil surface, its diffusion through the interior of the soil structure, and its transport within the bulk
flow of supercritical fluid through the interstitial pores of the soil. The mass transfer can be expected to depend on both
the different types of soil and the different location of the analyte in the soil structure. Thermodynamic factors,
desorption and diffusion control the extraction rate of the analyte from soil. On this basis, a mathematical model based
on the supercritical fluid extraction conditions (viz, temperature, pressure, fluid flow, modifier,...), which are directly
linked to the status of the analyte in the soil, is developed. The elaboration of the kinetical results using our model
would permit to approximate the distribution of the contaminant to a non porous- or to a deep porous-soil structure
model. Supercritical fluid extraction could represent an interesting instrument for investigating the fate of pollutants in
the soil structure in order to establish criteria to choose the appropriate remediation technology.
The sub-program research is aimed to the specific study of management, environmental control and valorisation of
municipal and industrial waste. Indeed, a growing interest in national and European policy is addressed to this issue.
The most recent laws governing waste management in the context of sustainable development, have laid down precise
guidelines in order of priority, namely: prevention of waste production and of hazardous waste; recovery and recycling
of matter from waste; recovery of energy from waste; safe landfilling of inert waste and inert residues derived from
other waste treatments.
The recycling of the beverage cartons from Tetra Pak Italiana SpA (Rubiera, RE) shows an increasing interest in Italy
for both an environmental point of view and the valorisation of residue with high value. Generally beverage cartons are
divided in: 1) long conservation bricks constituted by carton (75%), aluminium (5%) and polyethylene (20%), and 2)
short conservation brick constituted by carton (85-90%) and polyethylene (10-15%) with an annual production around
120000 tons. The high percentage of carton as well as the high quality of cellulose makes this product of great interest
for the ordinary process of the paper recycling. One of the most realistic scenery could be the harvesting of these
beverage cartons together with journals and reviews. The aim of these research is to get data for the development of a
LCI/LCA of the complete process of recycling in the framework of the Integrated Product Policy (IPP). Our tests,
performed in an Italian paper mill processing about 10 tons/hour of cellulose materials, have shown that is possible the
recycling of the beverage cartons when they are diluted in the pulp paper (Type A2). No significant problem was
observed in tests performed in the usual operative conditions where the presence of the beverage cartons was 2.5% in
the feedstock. The paper produced was in conformity of the required regulations.
About the recycling of pulp paper, our group in cooperation with Lesepidado srl (Bologna) and Olivetti Tecnost (Ivrea)
has been realizing a project for the development of new inks for ink-jet technology in order to reduce the problems
linked to the deinking processes into the paper mills both for the whiteness of the paper and for the disposal of the
waste waters from the deinking. This project is focused on the increase of the recycling of the graphic paper that is
actually estimated in 7.3% against 91% of the cartons for packaging, even if the graphic paper represents the 50% of
the produced paper. Ink jet technology has rapidly diffused for office and photographic application as a consequence
of the high quality printed images, so that a correct IPP is necessary in order to obtain an easier recycling of the
cartridges and on the printed papers. This project is actually developed at industrial scale with the realization of two
plants for the ink production located in Baraldi Lubrificanti srl (Bologna) and for the cartridge production located in
Olivetti I-Jet SpA (Aosta).
A particular interest of the group is the development of new integrated chemical and biological processes using
enzymes and microorganisms (e.g white rot fungi) for the valorisation of agricultural and industrial waste-waters and
solid residue. Different processes were studied for the production of edible biomass or for the recovery of antioxidants
from the olive milling waste-waters. The basic purpose of our technical approach is to remove the phenolic compounds
with a selective adsorption process and their recover with a desorption step in order to obtain on one side the
dephenolization of OMWW to be used for ferti-irrigation and on the other side antioxidant biomolecular compounds.
This project was developed during the works of the European Project FAIR CT 97 3039 in which the technical choose
was oriented to the adsorption/desorption extraction because of logistic, technical and environmental questions. Today,
an industrial plant by Tuyap (Istanbul, Turkey) is going to be working which previews the direct treatment of the olive
milling waste waters for the adsorption of the biophenols on specific sorbents using a very economical process.
Subsequently the sorbents, saturated with biophenols, are carried away toward a central plant for the recovery of the
antioxidants and the regeneration of the sorbent material. The regenerated sorbent is then sent back to the single olive
mill for a new adsorption process. The biophenols are recovered in a specific ethanolic extract having a final
concentration of 10 g/l in which 40% is constituted by hydroxityrosol. This phenol was demonstrated to have a high
antioxidant power both in vitro than in vivo with human tests. The plant at regime will be capable to work 30 m3/day of
olive milling waste waters with a production estimated in 63 kg/day of biophenols for 100 working days per season.
The products were presented at VITAFOODS 2002 (Geneve) and represent the second industrial source of biophenols
from agrofood after those from grape seeds.
99
Microbial desulfurization of heavy oil and crude oil has been studied extensively in order to reduce the SOx emission
during the burning of fuels. Fundamental studies are carried out on the physico-chemical limiting factors of sulfur
aromatic microbial uptake in organic media. The group has also suggested a technology for immobilized cell reactors
for oil biodesulfurization processes which overcomes some “bottle-necks” hindering the industrial application of the
typical continuous stirred tank bioreactor. Today, our group in cooperation with Lesepidado srl (Bologna) and API
Refinery (Falconara, AN) are planning a large scale plant of 0.1 m3/h for the biodesulfurization of middle-distillates
with the aim to obtain a sulfur concentration under 50 ppm (upper limit at 2005).
Other research fields are the Life Cycle Assessment applied to products and processes of recycling, as in wood and
leather tanning industries.
6.3
The most significant intra-university co-operation have been achieved between the Departments of Industrial Chemistry
and Materials, in which a group of Environmental Chemistry is operating, and of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry.
In Emilia-Romagna Region many co-operations are actuated. In particular, close collaborations exist with the Regional
Environmental Protection Agency (ARPA) and its Provincial Sections (Rimini, Forlì-Cesena, Ravenna), in order to
integrate technical and methodological competences in performing environmental monitoring campaigns.
A collaboration with the Environmental Councillorship of Regional Government has also been accomplished,
concerning the inventory of emissions from regional incinerators and comparison of the Emission Factors.
Some city-owned enterprise and some private business, in particular those which deal with waste disposal, has been cooperating with our research Unit, allowing the use of their monitoring instruments and financing the environmental
assessment in the vicinity of the plants.
A co-operation with the University of Ferrara has also been established, in the field of the monitoring of cultural
heritage degradation due to the atmospheric pollution.
Particular co-operation is in progress with Lesepidado srl (Bologna) for the development of industrial project and for
the mobility/formation of young researchers.
The most important co-operation has been established with the National Environmental Protection Agency (ANPA), for
the subject of atmospheric wet and dry depositions and calculation of Critical Loads and Exceedances.
At an industrial point of view, important co-operations are with Tetra Pak Italia SpA (Reggio Emilia), Unione
Conciaria SpA (Milan) and Olivetti Tecnost SpA (Ivrea) for the development of strategic industrial projects as well as
with Tecnoalimenti (Milano) for the menagement of some national and European projects.
The group presents also co-operations with several Universities such as: Milan, Verona and Florence,
INCA represents for our Unit a useful network for the exchange of information and knowledge with other research
groups dealing with environmental monitoring issue. Furthermore, we benefit from the convention with some Italian
laboratory associated to INCA, to perform the collection and analysis of ultratrace contaminants (e.g., PCDD/F in soil,
atmospheric deposition and atmospheric particulate).
For the future, we suggest that INCA start a specific, new thematic area, which could be named “Waste: Management,
Environmental Control and Valorisation”, including LCA methodologies, an Integrated Environmental Monitoring
System, clean technologies for waste disposal. This issue could interest many institutions, as Italian Environmental
Protection Agency (ANPA), local authorities and, at international level, in agreement with Italy, North African
Countries (Maghreb), as proposed during the 5th Congress of INCA Consortium in Tunis (26-28 June 2002).
A co-operation with the German Federal Environmental Agency has been started for the definition of a standard
analytical procedure, at European level, for PBDE (polybrominated diphenyl ethers) in different environmental
matrices (watercourses, landfills, contaminated industrial sites).
Several co-operations with research units are in progress such as: University of Madrid, Institute of Food Research
(Norwich, UK), Istituto Superior Tecnico (Lisbon, PG),…
At an industrial point of view, an important co-operation is with Tuyap (Turkey) for the recovery of the biophenols
from the olive milling waste waters.
6.4
The environmental monitoring is assuming a ever growing importance, because of the diffusing awareness of the close
link between environmental quality and human health.
100
The research of our Unit presents a great societal relevance, in particular because it is aimed to the assessment of the
environmental impact from possible hazardous processes, which is an issue of increasing concern for the public
opinion.
A particular attention has been turned to the impacts of municipal waste management (especially incineration plants),
because it is an ever growing problem in our consumer society, even if all the valid alternatives to landfilling are not
sufficiently been practised or stimulated by Italian policy.
The Strategies of Sustainable Development promoted since Rio ’92 focus on the improvement of prevention actions, on
the increase of resource efficiencies and on the passage to more sustainable consumer models, by means of the V and
the VI Environmental Action Programmes (1993-2000; 2000-2010). Aims about waste production are to reach a
condition able to reintroduce the most wastes in the economic cycle, particularly through recycling, or to return them to
the environment in a useful or at least not harmful form.
This goal can be achieved through a targeted action, as awakening public opinion, but in particular suggesting
technological solutions which answer to an economical-industrial feasibility. Waste recycling becomes then a
valorisation process, and waste turns from a worthless reject to a resource.
6.5
Prof. Luciano Morselli is member of the Editorial Board of Annali di Chimica - Journal of Analytical and
Environmental Chemistry.
Dott. Leonardo Setti is the scientific responsible of TUYAP industrial plant for the recovery of antioxidants from olive
mining waste waters sited in Istanbul (Turkey). He is the scientific responsible of Baraldi Lubrificanti s.r.l. industrial
plant for the production of low environmental impact inks and of OLIVETTI I-JET industrial plant for the production
of the ink-jet cartridges.
6.6
Key Publications
S. Zappoli, A. Andracchio, L. Morselli, “Dissolved organic matter and pH affect the extraction efficiency of PCBs from
aqueous samples”, Chemosphere, 35(8), 1729-1736 (1997).
S. Zappoli, A. Andracchio, S. Fuzzi, M. C. Facchini, A. Gelencsér, G. Kiss, Z. Krivácsy, Á. Molnár, T. Barcza, E.
Mészáros, H-C. Hansson, K. Rosman, Y. Zebühr, “Organic components and chemical mass balance of fine aerosol in
different areas of Europe”, Journal of Aerosol Science, 29, S731-S732 (1998).
L. Morselli, L. Setti, A. Iannuccilli, S. Maly, G. Dinelli, G. Quattroni, “Supercritical-fluid extraction for the
determination of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil”, Journal of Chromatography, A, 845, 357-363 (1999).
L. Morselli, M. Cecchini, E. Grandi, A. Iannuccilli, L. Barilli, P. Olivieri, “Heavy metals in atmospheric surrogate dry
deposition”, Chemosphere, 38(4), 899-907 (1999).
L. Morselli, M. Bartoli, B. Brusori, F. Passarini, “Application of an Integrated Environmental Monitoring System to an
Incineration Plant”, The Science of the Total Environment, 289(1-3), 177-188 (2002).
7.
Scientific Output
7.1
Publication Policy
As it can be seen in Appendix 1, a steady production of international publication has been maintained in these 5 years,
both in the thematic area of the Unit and in other research field, the management and valorisation of waste products.
Although the research about innovative monitoring technologies and methodologies allowed us to obtain results more
suitable to find the interest of international scientific community, the study of environmental control in waste
management has been more limited to national case studies, although favourably received by international congresses
(as those organised by International Solid Waste Association or those on Integrated Resources Management).
However, the results coming from more applied researches, i.e. those bound to the confidential nature of industrial
results, could not be published.
Because of the innovation of this research area, a greater effort will be necessary to attain a better communication
within national researchers and toward international scientific community. New international co-operations could result
in even more interesting and appreciable solutions.
7.2
Numerical data
Category
PhD-Dissertations
1997
0
1998
0
1999
0
2000
0
2001
1
Total
1
8
19
19
15
30
91
101
Master’s Theses
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Self-evaluation
The heterogeneity of the competences of the unit personnel can be surely considered a necessity in a field like the
environmental monitoring, due to the stimulating knowledge exchange, even if it implies a significant coordination
effort.
The good and growing results obtained since 1997 in terms of publications, funding and patents demonstrate the
importance of the synergy in the unit’s group and supply good indication about the future.
Because of the increasing interest of these environmental subjects and the greater concern felt by the public opinion, a
number of activities has been promoted in the last years to know better the interactions between pollutants, environment
and human health.
Likewise, a growing interest, also by private business, is focused on the improvement of industrial process ecoefficiency.
The knowledge acquired by a multidisciplinary research group in the field of environmental science, as ours, becomes
necessary to meet the requirements of many public institutions or environmental agencies, who want to have a clear
description of problems and possible solutions.
Thus, another strength of the group consists in having achieved the competences for a qualified research and education
on environmental issues.
Due to the multidisciplinary nature of the unit and to the mostly applicative researches conducted, the environmental
monitoring has been seen not only as an analytical exercise, but also as an instrument for the subsequent development
of novel, economically and ecologically sustainable technologies.
This approach can be applied in particular to the management of waste from different sources.
The logical scheme can be described as follows:
-) Environmental Monitoring;
-) Study of the environmental impact of the most concerning industrial processes or waste streams (LCA, Integrated
Product Policy);
-) Investigation of new technologies for waste valorisation, to turn discards to resources.
A useful contribution can be supplied by INCA Consortium, if a specific thematic area dealing with waste management,
environmental monitoring and valorisation will be created.
Appendix I
Scientific Output
I-1
I.1.1 Dissertations
Supervisor
2001
Antonella Andracchio
La componente organica macromolecolare nell'aerosol atmosferico: Isolamento,
caratterizzazione dimensionale e interazione con la componente inorganica (The organic macromolecular component of
atmospheric aerosol: isolation, dimensional characterisation and interaction with inorganic component)
Prof. S. Zappoli
I.1.2
Master's Thesis
I-2
1997
Area: ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
M. C. Pietrogrande, C. Beneventi, F. Dondi, L. Morselli, “Environmental analysis by GC. Estimation of error in
quantitative determination from multicomponent chromatograms”, Annali di Chimica, Journal of Analytical and
Environmental Chemistry, 87, 753-763 (1997).
L. Morselli, E. Sbaffi, “Environmental control in Municipal Solid Waste Incineration. A survey of the plants operating
in the Emilia Romagna region”, Annali di Chimica, Journal of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, 87, 721-731
(1997).
102
S. Zappoli, A. Andracchio, L. Morselli, “Dissolved organic matter and pH affect the extraction efficiency of PCBs from
aqueous samples”, Chemosphere, 35(8), 1729-1736 (1997).
L. Morselli (ed. by), “Progetto di Monitoraggio Ambientale della Tenuta Presidenziale di Castelporziano. Creazione di
un Sistema Informativo Territoriale Ambientale Castelporziano (SITAC)”, Edizione a cura di ENEA, Unità
Comunicazione e Informazione, Report 1997.
Area: WASTE MANAGEMENT
L. Morselli, A. Valentini, C. Galli, “Analisi delle classi merceologiche e dei flussi dei RSU nella Provincia di Rimini”,
Gea, 1, gennaio-febbraio 1997.
L. Morselli, A. Valentini, “Elementi di ecobilancio nella termodistruzione dei pneumatici usati”, Rifiuti Solidi, 2,
marzo-aprile 1997.
A. Valentini, L. Morselli, “Analisi dei flussi dei RSU in funzione delle caratteristiche merceologiche dei rifiuti e degli
imballaggi”, Gea, 3, maggio-giugno 1997.
L. Morselli, A. Riva (ed. by), “Siti contaminati da rifiuti. Bonifica e riuso.”, Fondazione Flaminia Ravenna, Longo
Editore, Ravenna 1997.
1998
L. Morselli, L. Setti, A. Iannuccilli, G. Spinozzi, G. Dinelli, G. Quattroni, “PBCs and hydrocarbons in soil matrix
controlled by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). Preliminary studies”, Annali di Chimica, Journal of Analytical and
L. Morselli, A. Iannuccilli, L. Barilli, P. Olivieri, R. Francaviglia, R. Aromolo, V. Di Carlo, “A methodological
proposal for the monitoring of atmospheric depositions and evaluation of critical loads exceedances”, Annali di
Chimica, Journal of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, 88, 645-655 (1998).
V. Andrisano, H. Makamba, E. Bovina, S. Zappoli, V. Cavrini, “HPLC analysis of basic organic compounds in a
multicomponent ion interaction system: a mechanistic study”, Chromatographia, 47, 493-508 (1998).
D. Tonelli, S. Zappoli, B. Ballarin, “Dye-coated stationary-phases: a retention model for anions in ion-interaction
chromatography”, Chromatographia, 48, 190-196 (1998).
Mészáros, H-C. Hansson, K. Rosman, Y. Zebühr, “Organic components and chemical mass balance of fine aerosol in
different areas of Europe”, Journal of Aerosol Science, 29, S731-S732 (1998).
L. Morselli, A. Iannuccilli, L. Barilli, P. Olivieri, “Deposizioni acide umide: flussi di deposizioni di specie chimiche in
due siti di tipo rilievo appenninico e area urbana”, Inquinamento, 1 (gennaio 1998).
L. Morselli (ed. by), “Progetto Di Monitoraggio Ambientale Della Tenuta Presidenziale Di Castelporziano. Creazione
di un Sistema Informativo Territoriale Ambientale Castelporziano (SITAC)”, Edizione a cura di ENEA, Unità
A. Riva, L. Morselli, M. Furini, “LCA and LCI for the management of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)”, Annali di
Chimica, Journal of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, 88, 915-924 (1998).
F. Finzi, R. Laraia, L. Morselli, “Dalla strategia dei flussi prioritari dei rifiuti all’attuazione del recupero. Casi studio”,
Proceedings of “RICICLA ’98”, Rimini, 16-19 October 1997, 146-157, Maggioli Ed. (1998).
L. Morselli, C. Ranieri, S. Poletti, “Ricognizione sugli impianti di termodistruzione in Italia”, Proceedings of
“RICICLA ’98”, Rimini, 16-19 October 1997, 293-300, Maggioli Editore (1998).
L. Morselli E A. Valentini, “Dal ciclo di vita integrato per la gestione dei rifiuti al ruolo del riciclo, riuso, recupero”,
Proceedings of “RICICLA ’98”, Rimini, 17-20 September 1998, 122-127, Maggioli Ed. (1998).
L. Morselli, F. Grassi, “L’incenerimento dei rifiuti. Ricognizione sulla realtà regionale in Emilia Romagna.
Avanzamento della Ricerca”, Proceedings of “RICICLA ’98”, Rimini, 17-20 September 1998, 153-162, Maggioli Ed.
(1998).
L. Morselli, A. Riva, V. Bonora, “Le ricerche applicate al riciclo dei rifiuti: indagine bibliografica”, Proceedings of
“RICICLA ’98”, Rimini, 17-20 September 1998, 376-380, Maggioli Ed. (1998).
L. Morselli, M. Furini, A. Riva, “Destino ambientale dei prodotti e dei rifiuti. Il caso delle lastre cinelitioradiografiche”,
Proceedings of “RICICLA ’98”, Rimini, 17-20 September 1998, 411-415, Maggioli Ed. (1998).
L. Morselli, F. Grassi, A. Riva, “Il recupero energetico nel sistema di incenerimento in Emilia Romagna”, 8° Convegno
Nazionale Inquinamento dell'aria e tecniche di riduzione, Padova, 30 November-2 December 1998, 491-503 (1998).
Area: BIOREMEDIATION AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
L. Setti, S. Scali, I. Degli Angeli P. G. Pifferi, “Horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed oxidative coupling of 3-methyl 2benzothiazolinone hydrazone and methoxyphenols”, Enzyme and Microbial Technology 22, 656-661 (1998).
L. Setti, S. Maly, A. Iacondini, G. Spinozzi, P. G. Pifferi Biological treatment of olive milling waste waters by
Pleurotus ostreatus. Annali Chimica - J. Anal. Environ. Chem. 88, 201-210 (1998).
103
S. Frassinetti, L. Setti, A. Corti, P. Farinelli, P. Montevecchi, G. Vallini, “Biodegradation of dibenzothiophene by a
nodulating isolate of Rhizobium meliloti”, Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 44, 289-297 (1998).
P. G. Pifferi, G. Spagna, L. Morselli, I. Manenti, M. Bertuccioli, “Rimozione di fitofarmaci da bevande con derivati
della cellulosa”, Industrie delle Bevande – XXVII, 9-13, febbraio 1998.
1999
L. Morselli, M. Cecchini, E. Grandi, A. Iannuccilli, L. Barilli, P. Olivieri, “Heavy metals in atmospheric surrogate dry
deposition”, Chemosphere, 38(4), 899-907 (1999).
L. Morselli, L. Setti, A. Iannuccilli, S. Maly, G. Dinelli, G. Quattroni, “Supercritical-fluid extraction for the
determination of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil”, Journal of Chromatography, A, 845, 357-363 (1999).
B. Ballarin, R. Seeber, D. Tonelli, S. Zappoli, “High-performance size exclusion chromatography in the evaluation of
molecular size distributions of humic acids fractionated by ultrafiltration”, Annali di Chimica, Journal of Analytical and
Environmental Chemistry, 89, 211 (1999).
L. Morselli, L. Barilli, P. Olivieri, M. Cecchini, R. Aromolo, V. Di Carlo, R. Francaviglia, L. Gataleta, “Heavy metal
determination in Dry surrogate Depositions. Characterization of urban and natural site”, Annali di Chimica, Journal of
Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, 89, 739-746 (1999).
Mészáros, H-C. Hansson, K. Rosman, Y. Zebühr, “Inorganic, organic and macromolecular components of fine aerosol
in different areas of Europe in relation to their water solubility”, Atmospheric Environment, 33, 2733-2743 (1999).
M. C. Facchini, S. Fuzzi, S. Zappoli, A. Andracchio, A. Gelencsér, Gy. Kiss, Z. Krivácsy, E. Mészáros, H-Ch.
Hansson, T. Alsberg, Y. Zebühr, “Partitioning of the organic aerosol component between fog droplets and interstitial
air”, Journal of Geophysical Research - Research – Atmospheres, 104, 26821-26832 (1999).
G. Pastorelli, R. De Laurentis, P. De Stefanis, L. Morselli, G. Viviano, “PCDD/PCDF from municipal solid waste
incinerators in Italy: an inventory of air emission”, 19th International Symposium on Halogenathed Environmental
Organic Pollutantsand POPs, Vol 41, 495-498, Venice, September 12-17, 1999 (1999).
L. Morselli (ed. by), “Progetto Di Monitoraggio Ambientale Della Tenuta Presidenziale Di Castelporziano. Creazione
di un Sistema Informativo Territoriale Ambientale Castelporziano (SITAC)”, Edizione a cura di ENEA, Unità
D. Tonelli, S. Zappoli, P. L. Buldini, “L’applicazione della cromatografia ionica all’analisi dei composti organici di
rilevanza ambientale”. In: “La cromatografia ionica nell’analisi ambientale”; S. Cavalli, C. Sarzanini Eds.; SCI,
Divisione Chimica Ambientale, Milano, 1999.
L. Morselli, L. Ramponi, “Sistema Integrato: l'altra versione dei rifiuti”, Energia blu. Periodico delle fonti energetiche
rinnovabili. N. 5 26-32 (settembre/ottobre 1999).
L. Morselli, “LCI Applied to municipal Solid Waste Incinerator. A survey of the plants operating in the Emilia
Romagna Region and correlation with national statistics”, RECYCLING ’99 Congress Proceedings, I, 404 – 409
(1999).
L. Morselli, A. Riva, L. Ramponi, “Il contributo della combustione nella gestione integrata dei rifiuti”, Secondo
Convegno Nazionale Utilizzazione Termica Dei Rifiuti, Abano Terme, 20-21 May 1999 (1999).
L. Morselli, “A European harmonization in the field of waste and a more punctual evaluation of the reality of the
mediterranean area”, Proceedings of “RICICLA ’99”, Rimini, 21-24 October 1999, 12-14, Maggioli Ed. (1999).
R. Cioffi, G. Genon, L. Morselli, L. Musmeci, L. Santoro, “Approccio metodologico al riciclo e recupero dei rifiuti
pericolosi”, Proceedings of “RICICLA ’99”, Rimini, 21-24 October 1999, 358-363, Maggioli Ed. (1999).
L. Morselli, L. Ramponi, G. Benedetti, S. Sacchetti, “Ricognizione sul sistema incenerimento in Emilia Romagna.
Aspetti emergenti di ricerca e valutazione ambientale”, Proceedings of “RICICLA ’99”, Rimini, 21-24 October 1999,
388-395, Maggioli Ed. (1999).
L. Setti, S. Giuliani, G. Spinozzi, P. G. Pifferi, “Laccase-catalyzed oxidative coupling of 3-methyl 2-benzothiazolinone
hydrazone and methoxyphenols”, Enzyme and Microbial Technology 25, 285-289 (1999).
L. Setti, S. Mazzieri, P.G. Pifferi, “Enhanced degradation of heavy oil in an aqueous system by a Pseudomonas sp. in
the presence of natural and synthetic sorbents”, Bioresource Technology, 67, 191-199 (1999).
L. Setti, P. Farinelli, S. Di Martino, S. Frassinetti, G. Lanzarini, P.G. Pifferi, “Developments on destructive and nondestructive pathways for selective desulphurizations in oil biorefining processes”, Applied Microbiology and
Biotechnology, 52, 111-117 (1999).
J. Klein, D.E.A. Catcheside, R. Fakoussa, L. Gazso, W. Fritsche, M. Hofer, F. Laborda, I. Margarit, H.J. Rehm, M.
Reich-Walber, W. Sand, S. Schacht, H. Schmiers, L. Setti, A. Steinbuchel, “Biological processing of fossil fuels” –
Resume of the bioconversion session of ICCS’97. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 52: 2, (1999).
104
2000
L. Morselli, F. Passarini, E. Zamagni, B. Brusori, “Methodological approach for an integrated environmental
monitoring system relative to heavy metals from an incinerator plant”, Annali di Chimica, Journal of Analytical and
Z. Krivácsy, Gy. Kiss, B. Varga, I. Galmbos, Zs. Sarvari, A. Gelencsér, S. Fuzzi, M. C. Facchini, S. Zappoli, A.
Andracchio, T. Alsberg, H-Ch. Hansson, L. Persson, “Study of humic-like substances in fog and interstitial aerosol by
size-exclusion chromatography and capillary electrophoresis”, Atmospheric Environment, 34, 4273-4281 (2000).
L. Morselli, “Sistema Integrato di Monitoraggio Ambientale applicato alla gestione dei rifiuti”, Inquinamento, 21, 6067 (November 2000).
L. Morselli, B. Brusori, M. Cecchini, F. Passarini, P. Olivieri, “Soluble and Insoluble Fractions of Heavy Metals in Wet
and Dry Atmospheric Depositions”, 7th FECS Conference on Chemistry and the Environment, Porto (Portogallo), 2730 Agosto 2000.
L. Morselli, M. Cecchini, L. Barilli, P. Olivieri, L. Moretti, S. Valcher, G. Pulcini, “Deposizioni atmosferiche:
applicazioni ai carichi critici di acidità ed azoto nutriente e relative eccedenze”, Proceedings of “AIR QUALITY ’98.
5° Convegno Nazionale”, Ravenna, 25-28 Ottober 1998, ARPA Emilia–Romagna (2000).
L. Morselli, M. Cecchini, P. Olivieri, “Il monitoraggio delle deposizioni atmosferiche secche e umide. Controllo e
calcolo dei carichi critici ed eccedenze”, In: “Il Monitoraggio Ambientale. Metodologie Analitiche – Biomonitoraggio
– Monitoraggio Ecosistemi”, by N. Cardellicchio and S. Cavalli, 283-312, Nuova Poligrafica Milanese Ed., Milano
(2000).
L. Morselli, “I rifiuti: verso un sistema integrato di gestione sostenibile”, L’ambiente. Periodico tecnico–scientifico di
cultura ambientale, 5, 8-11 (settembre/ottobre 2000).
L. Morselli, A. Riva, L. Ramponi, F. Passarini, “Characterisation of incinerator residues for their possible re-use”, 5th
World Congress and Envirotech Trade Show, “R’2000”, June 5-9, 2000, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (2000).
P. Masoni, L. Morselli, L. Ramponi, P. Azzurro, E. Maldini, F. Sacchetto, “Integrated Waste Management Life Cycle
Assessment for prevention, recovery and recycling. An Italian case study: application of WisardTM to IWM in the
Province of Ravenna”, ISWA World Congress 2000, July 3-9, 2000, Paris, France (2000).
P. Azzurro, P. Masoni, L. Morselli, L. Ramponi, “Life Cycle Assessment applicata al sistema incenerimento: caso
studio dell’inceneritore di Bologna”, Proceedings of “RICICLA 2000”, Rimini, 8-11 November 2000, 362-373,
Maggioli Ed. (2000).
A. Bassoni, L. Morselli, “Aspetti innovativi nel trattamento termico dei rifiuti”, Proceedings of “RICICLA 2000”,
Rimini, 8-11 November 2000, 500-508, Maggioli Ed. (2000).
L. Ramponi, L. Morselli, T. Coleman, P. Masoni, “Applicazione della metodologia LCA a sistemi di gestione integrata
dei rifiuti in ambiti territoriali regionali e nazionali. Caso studio in Inghilterra e Galles, riferimento alla realtà italiana”,
Proceedings of “RICICLA 2000”, Rimini, 8-11 November 2000, 531-543, Maggioli Ed. (2000).
E. Zamagni, C. Galli, L. Morselli, F. Cappelli, “Dismo, una nuova tecnologia a basso impatto ambientale per il
trattamento dei rifiuti”, Proceedings of “RICICLA 2000”, Rimini, 8-11 November 2000, 666-672, Maggioli Ed. (2000).
L. Morselli, L. Ramponi, R. Cioffi, M. Marroccoli, L. Musmeci, E. Beccaloni, L. Santoro, “Approccio metodologico al
riciclo e recupero dei rifiuti pericolosi”, Proceedings of “RICICLA 2000”, Rimini, 8-11 November 2000, 699-712,
G. Pastorelli, R. De Lauretis, P. De Stefanis, R. Fanelli, C. Martines, L. Morselli, L. Pistone, G. Viviano, “Italian dioxin
inventory of air emissions from MSW incinerators: use of filed-based PCDD/F emission factors”, Proceedings of
“SIDISA 2000 – International Symposium on Sanitary and Environmental Engineering”, Trento, 18-23 September
2000, III, 467-475 (2000).
2001
L. Morselli, B. Brusori, M. Cecchini, P. Olivieri, D. Silingardi, F. Passarini, “Long term atmospheric deposition wetdry fluxes. Critical load exceedances in an urban area”, Annali di Chimica, Journal of Analytical and Environmental
Chemistry, 91, 459-469 (2001).
L. Setti, L. Morselli, “Supercritical-fluid extraction as a method for investigating the fate of the organic contaminants in
soil”, Annali di Chimica, Journal of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, 91, 503-515 (2001).
L. Morselli, F. Passarini, S. Lorusso, F. Prestileo, L. C. Lorusso, “La qualità dell’aria nei centri storici e la tutela dei
manufatti di interesse storico artistico”, Scienza e Tecnica, 367, 10-12 (Marzo 2001).
L. Morselli, F. Passarini, L. Ramponi, “Il contributo delle emissioni gassose da impianti di incenerimento di rifiuti al
degrado dell’atmosfera”, Proceedings of “ARIE DI CITTÀ. La qualità dell’aria in ambiente urbano. Convegno
Nazionale, Bologna, 28-30 November 2000”, 593-599 (2001).
105
L. Morselli, B. Brusori, M. Cecchini, P. Olivieri, F. Passarini, “La strategia delle deposizioni atmosferiche secche e
umide; la strategia dei Carichi Critici”, Proceedings of “ARIE DI CITTÀ. La qualità dell’aria in ambiente urbano.
Convegno Nazionale, Bologna, 28-30 November 2000”, 623-630 (2001).
L. Bettini, G. R. Gramolini, R. Maltoni, C. Nizzoli, C. Ravaioli, P. Rossini, L. Morselli, C. Regazzi, V. Rumberti, S.
Tugnoli, “Studio ambientale e territoriale di un’area industriale urbana”, Proceedings of “ARIE DI CITTÀ. La qualità
dell’aria in ambiente urbano. Convegno Nazionale, Bologna, 28-30 November 2000”, 461-464 (2001).
L. Morselli, B. Brusori, F. Passarini, “Nuove acquisizioni sul Sistema Integrato di Monitoraggio Ambientale.
Applicazione ad un Impianto di Incenerimento di RSU”, Proceedings of “Convegno Nazionale. Terzo Millennio: Il
Futuro della Chimica Analitica nel Controllo Alimentare ed Ambientale”, 22-24 February 2001, Roma (2001).
L. Morselli, M. Bartoli, F. Passarini, “Sistema Integrato di Monitoraggio Ambientale applicato ad un impianto di
incenerimento di RSU”, Proceedings of “RICICLA 2001”, Rimini, 26-29 September 2001, 149-159, Maggioli Ed.
(2001).
L. Morselli, S. Lorusso, F. Paccagnella, F. Passarini, B. Brusori, L. Lorusso, “Guidelines for an environmental
monitoring in urban areas to a right prevention of Cultural Heritage deterioration”, 3rd International Congress on
“Science and Technology for the safeguard of Cultural Heritage in the Mediterranean Basin”, 9-14 July 2001, Alcalá de
Henares, Spain (2001).
L. Morselli, B. Brusori, R. Francaviglia, F. Manes, L. Lepore, S. Merolli, “The Atmospheric Monitoring To Prevent
Natural Heritage Degradation”, 3rd International Congress on “Science and Technology for the safeguard of Cultural
Heritage in the Mediterranean Basin”, 9-14 July 2001, Alcalá de Henares, Spain (2001).
L. Morselli, F. Passarini, B. Bartoli, “Il destino dei metalli pesanti nell’ambiente da un impianto di incenerimento di
rifiuti”, Proceedings of “III Congresso ed Esposizione Internazionale. Valorizzazione e Riciclaggio dei rifiuti industriali
– VARIREI 2001”, 25-29 June 2001, L’Aquila, 200-204 (2001).
L. Morselli, B. Brusori, R. Francaviglia, L. Gataleta, M. Marchionni, R. Aromolo, A. Benedetti, P. Olivieri,
“Caratterizzazione integrata della contaminazione da metalli pesanti in matrici ambientali della Tenuta Presidenziale di
Castelporziano”, In: Il sistema ambientale della Tenuta Presidenziale di Castelporziano. Accademia Nazionale delle
Scienze detta dei XL, Collana “Scritti e Documenti”, Vol. XXVI, 303-314, Roma (2001).
L. Morselli, L. Barilli, P. Olivieri, M. Cecchini, R. Aromolo, V. De Carlo, R. Francaviglia, L. Gataleta, “Heavy metals
determination in dry surrogate depositions. Characterization of an urban and a natural site”, Il sistema ambientale della
Tenuta Presidenziale di Castelporziano. Accademia Nazionale delle Scienze detta dei XL, Collana “Scritti e
Documenti”, Vol. XXVI, 319-329, Roma (2001).
R. Francaviglia, R. Aromolo, L. Gataleta, L. Morselli, B. Brusori, F. Passarini, A. Novo, P. Olivieri, “Monitoraggio
delle deposizioni atmosferiche umide e secche presso la Tenuta Presidenziale di Castelporziano”, Il sistema ambientale
della Tenuta Presidenziale di Castelporziano. Accademia Nazionale delle Scienze detta dei XL, Collana “Scritti e
Documenti”, Vol. XXVI, 331-341, Roma (2001).
L. Morselli, B. Brusori, M. Cecchini, P. Olivieri, R. Francaviglia, R. Aromolo, L. Gataleta, “La strategia dei carichi
critici nello studio della vulnerabilità del territorio”, Il sistema ambientale della Tenuta Presidenziale di Castelporziano.
Accademia Nazionale delle Scienze detta dei XL, Collana “Scritti e Documenti”, Vol. XXVI, 343-354, Roma (2001).
R. Francaviglia, L. Gataleta, M. Marchionni, R. Aromolo, A. Benedetti, L. Morselli, B. Brusori, P. Olivieri,
“Valutazione della vulnerabilità all’acidificazione e della degradazione microbiologica dei suoli della Tenuta
Presidenziale di Castelporziano”, Il sistema ambientale della Tenuta Presidenziale di Castelporziano. Accademia
Nazionale delle Scienze detta dei XL, Collana “Scritti e Documenti”, Vol. XXVI, 377-395, Roma (2001).
G. Pastorelli, R. De Laurentis, P. De Stefanis, R. Fanelli, C. Martines, L. Morselli, L. Pistone, G. Viviano, “Sviluppo di
fattori di emissione da inceneritori di rifiuti urbani lombardi e loro applicazione all’inventario nazionale delle diossine”,
Ingegneria Ambientale, 1, 32-43 (Gennaio 2001).
L. Morselli, “Crescita elevata. Nuovo Paradigma europeo per creare ricchezza e competitività sulla base dei prodotti più
ecologici”, Inquinamento, 367, 56-63 (Settembre 2001).
L. Morselli, “Ciclo di vita. Strumento di valutazione e pianificazione nella Gestione Integrata dei Rifiuti”, Proceedings
of “1° Convegno Nazionale. Rifiuti: Aspetti Innovativi”, 21 February 2001, Milano, 3-10 (2001).
L. Morselli, F. Passarini, B. Brusori, “Gestione dei rifiuti e Sistema Integrato di Monitoraggio Ambientale”,
Proceedings of “1° Convegno Nazionale. Rifiuti: Aspetti Innovativi”, 21 February 2001, Milano, 39-50 (2001).
P. Azzurro, P. Masoni, L. Morselli, L. Ramponi, “Life Cycle Assessment applicata al sistema incenerimento mediante
codice di calcolo Wisard”, Proceedings of “1° Convegno Nazionale. Rifiuti: Aspetti Innovativi”, 21 February 2001,
Milano, 51-62 (2001).
P. Azzurro, P. Masoni, L. Morselli, J. Luzi, “Analisi comparativa di sistemi di trattamento rifiuti attraverso la
metodologia LCA (Life Cycle Assessment)”, Proceedings of “1° Convegno Nazionale. Rifiuti: Aspetti Innovativi”, 21
February 2001, Milano, 63-70 (2001).
L. Setti, L. Morselli, S. Tomasin, F. Passarini, M. Bartoli, S. Giuliani, “Inchiostri per stampa ink-jet a basso impatto
ambientale all’interno del ciclo di lavorazione di una cartiera”, Proceedings of “RICICLA 2001”, Rimini, 26-29
September 2001, 324-331, Maggioli Ed. (2001).
106
D. P. Serrano, J. Aguado, J. M. Escola, E. Garagorri, L. Morselli, G. Palazzi, S. De Dea, “Riciclo chimico delle
plastiche residuali di uso agricolo”, Proceedings of “RICICLA 2001”, Rimini, 26-29 September 2001, 535-540,
L. Morselli, L. Setti, F. Passarini, M. Bartoli, M. Monaci, M. Mastrobuono, E. Scalia, “Riciclo di contenitori per
bevande in materiale poliaccoppiato all’interno del ciclo di lavorazione di una cartiera”, Proceedings of “RICICLA
2001”, Rimini, 26-29 September 2001, 582-592, Maggioli Ed. (2001).
L. Morselli, F. Passarini, M. Bartoli, E. Beccaloni, L. Musmeci, L. Santoro, R. Cioffi, “Rifiuti pericolosi, i test di
eluizione. Trattamenti e stabilizzazione/solidificazione di ceneri da inceneritori. LCA applicato al sistema
incenerimento per il recupero dei residui solidi”, Proceedings of “RICICLA 2001”, Rimini, 26-29 September 2001,
882-894, Maggioli Ed. (2001).
L. MORSELLI, R MARASSI (ed. by), “I RIFIUTI. La chimica, il ciclo di vita, la valorizzazione, lo smaltimento, il
controllo ambientale”, Franco Angeli Ed., Milano (2001).
P. G. Pifferi, G. Spagna, R. N. Barbagallo, L. Morselli, I. Manenti, C. Ranieri, “Use of food industry by-products for
the removal of fungicides from white wine”, Ital. J. Food Sci, XIII, 173-188 (2001).
S. Fedi, M. Carnevali, F. Fava , A. Andracchio, S. Zappoli, D. Zannoni, “A polychlorobiphenyl-degrading aerobic
bacterial community from an actual site contaminated soil: a metabolic and genetic study”, Research in Microbiology,
152, 583-592 (2001).
S. Giuliani, C. Piana, L. Setti, A. Hochkoeppler, P. G. Pifferi, G. Williamson, C. B. Faulds, “Synthesis of pentylferulate
by a feruloyl esterase from Aspergillus niger using water-in-oil microemulsions”, Biotechnology Letters, 23(4), 325330 (2001).
I-4
Brunetti P., Cagnazo D., Cocchi D.,Samoggia S. and Setti L., Sistema per la gestione informatica di prodotti
alimentari. Italian Patent BO99A000139
Setti L., Pifferi P.G., Bordado J., Impianto per il trattamento di acque reflue, le rigenerazione di adsorbenti naturali o
sintetici ed il recupero di sostanze di interesse industriale. Italian Patent BO2001/A/000419
Setti L., Giuliani S., Metodo per ottimizzare i processi industriali di rifinizione e di stampa a getto d’inchiostro sulle
pelli naturali e sintetiche. Italian Patent BO2001A000464
Setti L., Giuliani S., Metodo per decorare superfici vetrose con una stampante a getto d’inchiostro. Italian Patent
BO2001A000438
Setti L., Metodo per predisporre l’epidermide a ricevere decorazioni eseguite con inchiostri alimentari. Italian Patent
BO2001A000633
Setti L., Giuliani S., Metodo per predisporre una superficie lignea a ricevere decorazioni eseguite con inchiostri a base
d’acqua. Italian Patent BO2001A000634
Appendix 3
Name of the Unit:
Research Director:
Years included
Name of Journal
Bologna 3
1997-2001
Number
Articles
Journal
of
Geophysical 1
Research– Atmospheres
Journal of Chromatography A
1
Chromatographia
2
Journal of Aerosol Science
2
Atmospheric Environment
2
Chemosphere
2
Annali di Chimica, Journal of 11
Analytical and Environmental
Chemistry
Italian Journal Food Science
1
of Journal
Factor
2.680
2.551
1.619
2.071
1.942
1.033
0.413
0.812
Impact Field(s)
Geosciences,
Interdisciplinary
Environmental Science
Food
Science
Technology
Ranking
6/117
10/65
22/65
11/127
12/127
52/127
101/127
& 36/95
107
Research in Microbiology
Applied Microbiology and
Biotechnology
Enzyme
and
Microbial
Technology
Canadian
Journal
of
Microbiology
Biotechnology letters
1
2
1.631
1.505
2
1.411
1
1.105
1
0.967
Bioresource technology
1
0.700
Microbiology
Biotechnology
Microbiology
Biotechnology
Microbiology
Biotechnology
Microbiology
Biotechnology
Microbiology
Biotechnology
Microbiology
37/83
& Applied 46/134
& Applied 50/134
& Applied 61/134
& Applied 68/134
& Applied 86/134
Comments on:
This evaluation method can be the most appropriate in order to assess the quality of a research which is devoted only to
a scientific diffusion. It is less suitable for the assessment of more applied researches, which deal with specific
problems or which are bound to the confidential nature of industrial results.
Even if our group is strongly occupied in applied researches, most international publications are in journals ranked in
the first half of the respective fields.
108
BOLOGNA 4
Bologna 4
Research Leader
Prof. Aldo Roda
University:
Università degli Studi di Bologna
University of Bologna, Italy
Contact Person
Prof. Aldo Roda
Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche
Via Belmeloro 6
40126 Bologna
Tel e fax: +39 051 343398
e-mail: [email protected]
Faculty:
Facoltà di Farmacia
Faculty of Pharmacy
Department:
Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Thematic area
• 1 Chimica degli ecosistemi (chimica del suolo, delle
acque e dell’aria; impatto dei prootti di sintesi
sull’ambiente).
• 2 Tecnologie innovative di monitoraggio.
The Research Unit has 9 components with different background culture: chemistry, biology, pharmacy, and
biotechnology. Moreover, it is a tradition of the Research Unit to collaborate with various private companies (in the
pharmaceutical and alimentary fields), public institutions (other Universities, local administrations, or research
institutions) and researchers belonging to other fields (medicine, veterinary, etc). This produces a stimulating
environment and leads to very productive interaction of different cultural inputs and interests. As a consequence, the
research topics of the Unit are various and not all of them concern the INCA research area. However, we chose to
report all the research activity of the Unit in this Self-evaluation Report, particularly stressing the topics relevant for the
INCA activity.
The Faculty of Pharmacy, to which the Research Unit belongs, has a total of about 100 teachers (among Full
professors, Associate professors and “ricercatori”) and more than 2,000 students.
The Unit
At the moment (July 2002) the Research Unit has 9 components: one full professor who is the Research Leader, one
associate professor, two “ricercatori”, one technician, one Post-Doc, two PhD students, and one “borsista”; in addition
six Bachelor students are doing research in the context of the Research Unit as part of their thesis.
109
Out of the components of the research Unit, four (one full professor, one associate professor and two “ricercatori”)
have a consistent teaching load. In particular, the Research Unit is responsible for a total of seven courses, as follows:
Analytical Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, Laboratory of Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, Clinical Analytical
Chemistry (for the Master Degree in Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology), Analytical Chemistry, Laboratory of
Analytical Chemistry (for the Master Degree in Biotechnology), Analytical Chemistry (for the Bachelor Degree in
Botanic Techniques).
The Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences administers the funding of the Research Unit.
Since the beginning of the ’90, the research activity of the Unit deals with the development of analytical and bioanalytical methods (including chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, immunoassays, biosensors, enzyme
assays, in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry) applied to the clinical, pharmaceutical, environmental and food
analysis fields.
1
Title
Ultrasensitive analytical and bioanalytical methods for the detection of pollutants in environmental matrices
2
Research Leader
Prof. Aldo Roda
2a
3
Names and Titles
Year of Rank
Birth
Aldo Roda
Massimo Guardigli
Mario Baraldini
Patrizia Pasini
Patrizia Simoni
Mara Mirasoli
Laura Sabatini
Elisa Michelini
Barbara Marcaccio
1949
1964
1948
1963
1957
1971
1971
1978
1972
Full professor
Associate professor
Ricercatore
Ricercatore
Technician
Post-Doc
PhD-student
PhD-student
Borsista
Research
Remarks
Input in fte in
2001
0.2
0.4
Part of the Unit since 1998
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
5.6
Comments
Since 1997 four components of the staff joined the Research Unit: one associate professor, two PhD students and one
“borsista”. No major changes in the composition of the research group’s staff are expected during the next 5 years.
4
Category
Full Professors
Ricercatori
Post-docs
PhD-students
Borsisti
Total
Comments
1997
0.2
1998
0.2
1999
0.2
2000
0.2
0.6
1.2
0.8
0.8
2.4
1.6
1.6
4.6
1.8
0.8
1.6
0.8
5.2
1.8
0.8
2.4
0.8
6.0
2001
0.2
0.4
1.2
0.8
2.4
0.8
5.8
Total
1.0
0.4
6.6
2.4
8.8
4.8
23.2
110
In the period under scrutiny, four components joined the Research Unit, moreover various components changed their
academic rank, thus causing variations in the total ftes dedicated to research. However, the trend of the Research Unit is
an increase of the total ftes dedicated to research, also thanks to young people joining as PhD students and “borsisti”.
5
Funding
5.1
Personnel (in fte)
Source
University
CNR
European Union
Other Sponsors
Total
5.2
1998
4.6
1999
5.2
2000
6.0
2001
5.8
Total
23.2
0.6
3.0
0.6
6.2
0.6
5.8
0.6
6.6
0.6
6.4
3.0
26.2
Total
488
40
5
370
903
Source
University - MURST
CNR
EU
Other Sponsors
Total
5.3
1997
2.4
1997
28
30
1998
60
5
1999
140
5
2000
145
2001
115
30
88
55
120
55
200
115
260
5
115
235
Comments:
*
On the figures
A rough estimation of the figures is reported.
The major sponsors are pharmaceutical companies (e.g. Giuliani) or public institutions (e.g. Istituto Zooprofilattico
Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise). In the context of these collaboration projects, the Research Unit has the task
to undertake both basic science research (in order to explore innovative analytical techniques and develop new
methods), and applied research (in order to study a particular analytical problems in the clinical, environmental,
pharmaceutical and food quality fields).
6.
Progress Report
6.1
Mission Statement
In the context of INCA activity, the research of this Research Unit deals with the development and optimization of the
following analytical and bio-analytical methods:
1.Colorimetric and chemiluminescent immunoassays for the quantitative analysis of pollutants in
environmental samples. Application to real samples and screening activity.
2.Luminescent whole-cell biosensors, based on engineered microorganisms (bacteria and yeasts) and
mammalian cells. The cells are engineered in order to be able to produce a measurable protein (reporter
protein) in response to the presence of a particular analyte or class of analytes.
3.Chemiluminescent enzymatic tests for the detection of pollutants (e.g. pesticides).
4.Chromatographic methods, coupled with mass spectrometry for the quantitative analysis of contaminants,
drug residues, and pollutants in environmental and alimentary matrices.
Moreover, the Research Unit is involved in the following fields: development of ultrasensitive bio- and
chemiluminescent methods based on the use of immobilized enzymes for several analytes, including bile acids, ethanol,
aminoacids, lactate, oxalate, antioxidants; study of drug activity and bioavailability in vitro and in vivo; ultrasensitive
chemiluminescence imaging for quantitative localization of analytes in tissue and single cells using
immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization technology: applications in biochemistry, immunology and drug
screening; development of immunological methods for drugs and molecules of clinical and pharmacological interest;
development of innovative clinical tests (e.g. homogeneous immunoassays, multi-analyte methods, breath tests);
111
development of chromatographic methods including HPLC-mass spectrometry with electrospray interface, C13/C12
isotope ratio mass spectrometry.
In the context of INCA, the Research Unit has the goal to develop and optimize ultrasensitive and rapid analytical
methods that can be easily automated and applied to the screening of environmental samples. The Unit deals
prevalently with basic research in the context of the international scientific community. However, the Unit deals also
with practical and applicative aspects, by means of consultancy activity and collaborations with private industries and
local and national public institutions.
6.2
• Design of the programme (scientific problem formulation, objectives, subject matter, research methods and
anticipated results;
The Research Unit will select, among the analytes of environmental interest, those for which rapid and ultrasensitive
screening methods are needed and not available at the moment. In this context, the nature and composition of the
environmental matrices of interest will be studied, with particular attention to the presence of molecules able to
interfere with the quantification of the analyte. The most suitable analytical or bio-analytical method will be chosen, by
taking into account the characteristics of the analyte and of the matrices, but also practical aspects, like the possibility
of automation, field application. If needed, suitable pre-analytical methods will be developed and optimized. The
analytical method will be developed and optimized in terms of analytical performances (sensititity, accuracy, precision,
robustness, and rapidity).
• A substantive overview of the most impressive results over the past five years
In the context of environmental analysis, the research activity of the Unit deals with the development of analytical
methods for the detection of pollutants in environmental matrices, in particular freshwater, sea water and wastewater.
The developed methods belong to three main classes: (a) ultrasensitive colorimetric or chemiluminescent
immunoassays; (b) luminescent whole-cell biosensors based on engineered microorganisms or mammalian cells; (c)
separative techniques coupled with mass spectrometry. In particular, the following methods were developed and
optimized:
1.A colorimetric immunoassay for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, that was applied to
the analysis of smoked meat samples.
2.A bacterial luminescent biosensor for mercury, based on the use of genetically engineered E. coli cells that
express the reporter protein firefly luciferase in the presence of mercury. The method was optimized for the
analysis of urine matrices and applied to the screening of urine samples collected from subjects exposed to
mercury. The optimized method was found to be highly sensitive (4.0x10-18 mol/tube), selective accurate and
precise and the matrix effect was found to be low. This analytical performance suggests that the biosensor can
be successfully applied in the future to the analysis of environmental samples, e.g. water samples.
3.A whole-cell biosensor for endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), based on the use of genetically engineered yeast
cells (S. cerevisiae) that express the reporter protein ?-galactosidase?in the presence of compounds able to bind and
activate the human estrogen receptor (hER). The use of chemiluminescent substrate for ?-galactosidase activity allowed
reaching a limit of detection of 10 pmoli/L for 17?-estradiol with a reduced incubation time (24 h), with respect to the
incubation time (72 h) required when a colorimetric detection is used. The biosensor was applied to the analysis of
environmental samples (i.e. wastewater samples collected for influents and effluents of urban activated sludge sewage
treatment plants). In inlet samples some endocrine activity was detected (average 50 ng/L of 17?-estradiol equivalents),
while no endocrine activity was detected in outlet samples.
4.A bioluminescent whole-cell biosensor for polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (like dioxins, furans, and
polychlorurated biphenils), based on the use of genetically engineered mammalian cells (mouse hepatoma cell line) that
express the reporter protein firefly luciferase?in the presence of compounds able to bind and activate the aromatic
hydrocarbons receptor (AhR). The biosensor, which showed a limit of detection of 1 pmol/L for dioxin, was optimized
for the analysis of milk samples. However, thanks to its analytical performances, it can be successfully applied in the
future to the analysis of environmental samples, e.g. water samples, after a suitable pre-analytical extraction step.
5.Application of microscopy techniques (optical, electronical, laser confocal, and differential scanning calorimetry) for
investigating the localization and the modifications induced by butyl benzyl phtalate (BBP) and di-butyl phtalate (DBP)
in cell lines and in the gastrointestinal tract of various animal species.
6.An analytical method for the quantification of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) in water samples, based on solid phase
micro extraction (SPME) of the analyte and the quantification by means of gaschromatography coupled with mass
spectrometry. The method was applied to the determination of MTBE in surface and deep water samples.
112
• A short overview of the programme development in the future (the coming 5 years) including the means needed
for realising the programme's mission.
In the future, the research activity of the Unit will pursue the same objective: the development of ultrasensitive
analytical and bioanalytical methods suitable for environmental screening. In addition, innovative concepts will be
explored: new labelling strategies will be developed, based on the use of lanthanide chelates (for time-resolved
fluorescence detection) or fluorescent compounds (for fluorescence polarization detection). This will allow the
development of highly sensitive multi-analyte, or homogeneous immunoassays, respectively. Moreover, the expertise in
luminescence imaging of the Unit will be exploited to study the localization of pollutants of interest in tissues and cells
and to study their effect in exposed marine organisms.
6.3
•
CIRB, Centro Interdipartimentale Ricerche Biotecnologiche (Inter-department Center for Biotechnology Research)
CRBA, Centro per le Ricerche Biomediche Applicate (Center for Applied Biomedical Research)
The collaboration with these structures is very important for the activity of the Research Unit concerning the
development of whole-cell biosensors for environmental screening. In fact, since this is a rather new field of research
for the Unit, most of the instrumentation is made available thanks to these collaborations and, in addition, exchange of
information and ideas with long-term experienced researchers in biotechnological, medical, biological, biochemical,
and microbiological fields is possible. Moreover, the new mass spectrometry instrumentation (MALDI-TOF and nanoHPLC coupled with Q-TOF) was purchased in the context of these collaborations.
•
•
Consorzio INCA
The collaboration with other Research Units belonging to INCA is important for various reasons. One of them is the
possibility to find representative environmental samples, necessary for the validation of the developed analytical
methods. Moreover, it is crucial for defining the most interesting environment-related research topics to be explored. In
the future, the expectations of our Research Unit concerning the function and role of INCA is mainly the possibility to
interact with the other Research Units, in order to find new projects that can involve the activity of various Units and
establish new collaboration relationships. In particular, we expect that our innovative analytical methods for
environmental screening will be useful for assessing environmental impact of synthesis procedures, waste management,
etc.
“Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise”, Teramo
This long-term collaboration is important for the development of immunoassays. Various immunoassays for food
analysis were developed in collaboration with this structure; furthermore, the “Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale
dell’Abruzzo e del Molise” supplies our Research Unit with the specific polyclonal antibodies for molecules of
environmental interest, when these are not commercially available.
•
1.“Galileo” Project– University of Strasbourg (France)
This collaboration is important for the development of analytical methods based on time-resolved fluorescence
measurements, since the synthesis of appropriate chelates for lanthanide ions is performed in collaboration with this
University.
2.INTAS – Biochemical Department, Wageningen Agricultural University (The Netherlands); Institute of
Biophysics, SB RAS (Russia); Departmentof Enzymology, Moscow State University (Russia)
3.British Council/CRUI – University of Leeds
4.
5.Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
6.Department of Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
In particular, the collaborations with the Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Kentucky and with the
Department of Biotechnology, University of Turku are important for the development of luminescent whole-cell
biosensors. In fact, since this is a rather new research topic for the Unit, few components of the Unit had the
113
opportunity to work in those laboratories for the time necessary to acquire experience in the field of genetical
engineering.
6.4
The research of the Unit will make available highly sensitive analytical methods suitable for rapid analysis of a large
number of samples. This will allow performing screening studies on the environmental distribution and persistence of
pollutants of interest, thus to assess the potential risk for humans and environment and consequently to establish
suitable intervention strategies. In addition, the developed methods will be useful for assessing the environmental
impact of new synthesis methods or waste management systems.
6.5
Prof. Aldo Roda is:
1.IUPAC Delegate for Italy: Clinical Chemistry Division
2.Member of the following scientific societies:
2.3Italian Society of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Biology (SIBIOC)
2.4Italian Society of Chemistry (SCI) :Analytical Chemistry Division.
2.5Italian Association for the Liver Studies (Associazione Italiana per lo Studio del Fegato, AISF)
2.6Italian Society of Gastroenterology (Società Italiana di Gatroenterologia, SIGE)
2.7European Association for Clinical Investigation
2.8American Association of Clinical Chemistry
3.Member of the Advisory Board of the Biliary Club.
4.President (2000-2002) and Past President (2002-2004) of the International Society for Bioluminescence and
Chemiluminescence (ISBC)
4.3In 1998 he organized the 10th International Symposium on Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence.
5.European Editor of Luminescence, John Wiley and Sons eds.
6.Member of the Editorial Board of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry (merger of Fresenius’ Journal of
Analytical Chemistry and Analusis)
6.6
Key Publications
Roda A., Simoni P., Ferri E.N., Girotti S., Ius A., Rauch P., Poplstein M., Pospisil M., Pipek P., Hochel I., Fukal L.:
Determination of PAHs in various smoked meat products and different samples by enzyme immunoassay. J. Sci. Food.
Agric., 79, 58-62, 1999.
Sabbieti M.G., Marchetti L., Curini R., Menghi G., Roda A., Russo M.V., Nugnes C., Materazzi S.: Evidence of butyl
benzyl phtalate induced modifications in a model system developed in vitro. Analusis, 28, 843-846, 2000.
Roda A., Pasini P., Mirasoli M., Guardigli M., Russo C., Musiani M., Baraldini M.: Sensitive determination of urinary
mercury(II) by a bioluminescent transgenic bacteria-based biosensor. Anal. Lett., 34(1), 29-41, 2001.
Piazza F., Barbieri A., Violante F., Roda A.: A rapid and sensitive method for methyl tert-butyl ether analysis in water
samples by use of solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Chemosphere, 44, 539-544,
2001.
Pasini P., Gentilomi G., Guardigli M., Baraldini M., Musiani M., Roda A.: A chemiluminescent whole cell biosensor
for assessing estrogenic activity. In: “Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence 2000”, J.F. Case, P.J. Herring, B.H.
Robison, S.H.D. Haddock, L.J. Kricka, P.E. Stanley, eds., World Scientific Publishing Company, Singapore, 327-330,
2001.
7.
Scientific Output
7.1
Publication Policy
Since, as stated above, the components of the Research Unit have different background culture (chemistry, biology,
pharmacy, and biotechnology) the research activity spans to various fields. In particular, the activity mainly concerns
the development of analytical and bioanalytical methods to be applied in various fields: environmental screening,
toxicology, medicine, veterinary, etc. This is reflected to the publication fields of the Unit.
The Unit's publication policy pursues the following goals:
114
1.publication of relevant scientific results on journals of national and international relevance in the analytical
and bioanalytical chemistry and medicine fields, with particular interest to applications in environmental,
diagnostic, pharmaceutical, and toxicological analysis.
2.presentation of the most relevant results at national and international Conferences in the fields of analytical
and bioanalytical chemistry, bio- and chemiluminescence.
7.2
Numerical data
Category
PhD-Dissertations
Master’s Theses
8
1997
17
1998
1
17
7
4
1999
15
2000
2
10
2001
10
Total
3
69
4
6
5
26
Self-evaluation
The coordinator of the Research Unit, Prof. Aldo Roda, is a member of the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology of
the University of Bologna, where he is professor of Analytical Chemistry.
The components of Research Unit have different background culture: chemistry, biology, pharmacy, and
biotechnology. This is one of the main strength point of the Unit, that is able to join expertise in various fields related to
analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, medicine and environmental studies.
The group of Prof. Aldo Roda published more than 70 articles since 1997 in International Journals and book chapters
(monograph) related to bio- and chemiluminescence, immunoassays, biosensors and chromatographic methods.
One of the main strength points is the fact that the components of the Research Unit have different background culture
(chemistry, biology, pharmacy, and biotechnology), thus the research activity spans to various fields. In particular, the
activity mainly concerns the development of analytical and bioanalytical methods to be applied in various fields:
environmental screening, toxicology, medicine, veterinary, etc. This Moreover, it is a tradition of the Research Unit to
collaborate with various private companies (in the pharmaceutical and alimentary fields), public institutions (other
Universities, local administrations, or research institutions) and researchers belonging to other fields (medicine,
veterinary, etc). produces a very stimulating environment that further and leads to very productive interaction of
different cultural inputs and interests.
The laboratory is equipped with modern analytical instrumentation, including mass spectrometers and a series of
instruments for chemiluminescence studies — including highly sensitive imaging devices, also connected to
microscopes for microsamples analysis— and bio- and chemiluminescence immunoassays.
In this context, it is important to note that the field of mass spectrometry analysis (also coupled to chromatography) has
been recently powered thanks to the acquisition of new high-tech and modern instrumentation: a MALDI-TOF (matrix
assisted laser desorption ionization - time of flight) spectrometer and a Q-TOF (quadrupole - time of flight)
spectrometer coupled to nano-HPLC have been recently acquired, in the context of intra-university collaborations with
CRBA and CIRB. As a consequence, one weakness of the Research Unit was the need of highly trained personnel in
this field, and therefore the Unit acquired the collaboration of a long-term experienced expert in mass spectrometry
techniques.
For what concerns environmental analysis, one main weakness of the Unit is the difficulty in obtaining a large number
of environmental samples, necessary for the validation of the developed analytical methods. With this respect, the
collaboration with other research groups (also belonging to INCA) is crucial for finding a representative number of
samples.
Furthermore, it is worth noting that few research groups in Italy develop immunoassays for environmental screening
purposes, thus our Research Unit fills an unmet need for rapid and low-cost screening methods to be applied in this
field. However, since reagents (immunogens, antibodies, and enzymatic labels) necessary for the development of
immunoassays are seldom commercially available for analytes of environmental interest, the Research Unit needs to
produce them in-house. One weakness of the Research Unit in this context is the lack of total independence. In fact,
while the Unit has the expertise and instrumentation necessary for the synthesis of enzymatic labels and immunogens, it
does not have the facilities necessary for antibodies production. However, the Unit collaborates with the “Istituto
Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise” where antibodies are produced using the immunogens
synthesized by the Unit.
The Research Unit develops analytical methods based on the use of luminescent whole-cell biosensors. This requires
engineering microorganisms or mammalian cells in order to insert reporter genes. Since this is a rather recently
115
undertaken research topic for the Unit, one of its weakness is the partial lack of components with specific background
and of necessary instrumentation. In order to improve the quality of the Unit in this field, new personnel with
biotechnology background was enrolled and, in addition few components had the opportunity to work in the
Department of Analytical Chemistry of the University of Kentucky and in the Department of Biotechnology of the
University of Turku for the time necessary to acquire experience in the field of genetical engineering. In addition,
thanks to the collaboration relationship with CRBA and CIRB, the Unit has access to high-tech and updated
instrumentation for genetical engineering.
Appendix I
Scientific Output
I-1
Dissertations and Master’s Theses marked with a star deal with subjects particularly related to INCA activity.
I.1.1 Dissertations
Year
Name PhD-student
Supervisor
1998 F. Piazza, Sviluppo di metodi immunoenzimatici ultrasensibili per la determinazione quantitativa e rapida di βagonisti in matrici biologiche (Development of ultrasensitive immunoenzymatic methods for the quantification of βagonists in biological samples) (A. Roda)
2000 M. Mirasoli, Sviluppo di metodi bio- e chemiluminescenti per l’analisi quantitativa e l’identificazione di residui di
farmaci, fitofarmaci ed additivi alimentari in matrici biologiche (Development of bio- and chemiluminescent methods
for the identification and quantification of drugs, alimentary additives in biological matrices) (A. Roda)
2000 K. Afandi, Sviluppo e messa a punto di metodi bioanalitici immunologici quantitativi per l’analisi e controllo di
residui di farmaci in matrici alimentari (Development and optimization of immunoassays for the analysis and control of
drug residues in food samples) (A. Roda)
I.1.2
Master's Thesis
Year
1997 M. Di Falco, Valutazione delle proprietà antiossidanti di acidi biliari in soluzione micellare mediente un metodo
chemiluminescente (A. Roda)
1997 M. Mirasoli, Isolamento, attività antiossidante in vivo e metabolismo dell’oleuropeina da Olea europaea L. (A.
Roda)
1997 E. Di Matteo, Messa a punto di una metodica analitica ultrasensibile per la determinazione dell’ureasi nella
mucosa gastrica (A. Roda)
1997 M. Malaguti, Prestazioni analitiche della tecnica HPLC-elettrospray-spettrometria di massa per l’analisi ed
identificazione di composti biologicamente attivi (A. Roda)
1997 C. Boldrini, Sviluppo di un metodo chemiluminescente per la rivelazione e localizzazione di radicali liberi
dell’ossigeno in fegato di ratto isolato e perfuso (A. Roda)
1997 M. Lotierzo, Distribuzione spaziale dell’acetilcolinesterasi immobilizzata in sistemi modello mediante
microscopia ottica-chemiluminescenza: screening ad alta produttività di vari inibitori
1997 M. Rinaldi, Metodologie analitiche per lo studio del metabolismo degli acidi biliari nell’uomo (A. Roda)
1998 C. Russo, Sviluppo di modelli in vitro ed in vivo per la epatotossicità degli acidi biliari (A. Roda)
* 1998 A. Ferrante, Messa a punto di un immunosensore luminescente per la determinazione rapida ed ultrasensibile
del benzo[a]pirene in matrici ambientali (Development of a luminescent immunosensor for the rapid and highly
sensitive detection of benzo[a]pyrene in environmental samples) (A. Roda)
1998 B. Cicero, Sviluppo di una nuova via di somministrazione dell’UDCA – Studio chimico analitico tossicologico
nel cane mediante metodo immunoenzimatico (A. Roda)
116
1998 M. Di Annunzio, Determinazione immunoenzimatica degli anticorpi anti-HCV sierici: studio epidemiologico di
prevalenza e di incidenza su una popolazione campione di 1600 soggetti (A. Roda)
* 1999 L. N. Cambareri, Determinazione ultrasensibile di mercurio (II) mediante biosensore basato su batteri
transgenici luminescenti (Highly sensitive determination of mercury(II) by a bioluminescent transgenic bacteria-based
biosensor )(A. Roda)
1999 L. Mudrea, Determinazione immunoenzimatica chemiluminescente del clenbuterolo in matrici biologiche (A.
Roda)
1999 D. Longobardo, Identificazione di acidi biliari solfati mediante HPLC elettrospray-spettrometria di massa (A.
Roda)
1999 V. Ruvolo, L’impiego della gas cromatografia-spettrometria di massa nella determinazione di cocaina, oppiacei e
loro metaboliti nei capelli (A. Roda)
* 2000 M. Targa, Sviluppo di un biosensore chemiluminescente basato su cellule di lievito transgeniche per il
monitoraggio ambientale di modulatori endocrini (Development of a chemiluminescent yeast-based whole cell
biosensor for assessing estrogenic activity in environmental samples) (A. Roda)
*2000 M. Pisani Sviluppo di un metodo di analisi d’immagine in bioluminescenza per la determinazione della
distribuzione spaziale di ATP come bioindicatore di attività microbica nella conservazione e recupero di beni culturali
(Development of a bioluminescenlt low-light imaging techniques for the assessment of ATP spatial distribution, as
biomarker of microbial activity: application in the protection and recovery of cultural heritages) (A. Roda)
* 2000 A. Fiumana, Determinazione immunoenzimatica simultanea del Benzo[a]pirene atmosferico e dell’Idrossipirene
urinario come markers di esposizione-effetto a idrocarburi policiclici aromatici (Immunoenzymatic simultaneous
detection of atmospheric benzo[a]pyrene and urinary 1-hydroxypyrene as markers of exposition-effect relationship to
aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons) (A. Roda)
* 2000 L. Mazzini, Messa a punto di un microscopio ad alta sensibilità per analisi dell’immagine mediante
luminescenza: caratteristiche analitiche utilizzando fluorescenza risolta nel tempo e chemiluminescenza (Development
and optimization of a highly sensitive microscope for imaging analysis by means of time-resolved fluorescence and
chemiluminescence) (A. Roda )
* 2000 M. Malaguti, Sviluppo e covalida di un metodo per la determinazione del carbonio organico totale mediante
tecnica di permeazione e misure di conducibilità (Development and validation of a method for quantification of total
organic carbon by means of XXX and conductivity measurements) (A. Roda)
2000 R. Ruscelli, Determinazione dell’attività di inibitori della cicloossigenasi mediante un metodo chemiluminescente
ad alta produttività (HTS) (A. Roda)
2001 L. Cremonini, Significato fisiopatologico del contenuto di nitriti e nitrati nella bile umana (A. Roda)
* 2001 E. Michelini, Sviluppo di un biosensore batterico fluorescente mediante tecniche di ingegneria genetica
utilizzando forme mutanti della Green Fluorescent Protein (Development of a fluorescent bacterial biosensor, by means
of genetical engineering techniques, using two mutants of the Green Fluorescent Protein (A. Roda)
* 2001 C. Ricciardelli, Determinazione di estrogeni in campioni di acque reflue prime e dopo trattamento di
depurazione (Estrogens quantification in samples collected from influents and effluents of sewage treatment plants) (A.
Roda)
2001 B. Marcaccio, Determinazione del 7aidrossi-4colesten-3one nel siero umano mediante HPLC-ES-Spettrometria di
massa quale biomarker della sintesi di acidi biliari
* 2001 P. Colizzi, Monitoraggio ambientale di idrocarburi aromatici polialogenati mediante un biosensore luminescente
recettoriale che utilizza cellule ricombinanti di epatoma di topo (Environmental monitoring for polyalogenated aromatic
hydrocarbons by means of a receptor-based bioluminescent whole-cell biosensor using a genetically engineered mouse
hepatoma cell line) (A. Roda)
I-2
Scientific Publications marked with a star deal with subjects particularly related to INCA activity.
1997
Gatti R., Roda A., Cerrè C., Bonazzi D., Cavrini V.: HPLC-fluorescence determination of individual free and conjugated
bile acids in human serum. Biomed. Chromatogr., 11, 11-15, 1997.
117
Musiani M., Zerbini M., Venturoli S., Gentilomi G., Gallinella G., Manaresi E., La Placa M., D’Antuono A., Roda A.,
Pasini P.: Sensitive chemiluminescence in situ hybridization for the detection of human papillomavirus genomes in biopsy
specimens. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 45 (5), 729-735, 1997.
Feroci G., Fini A., Fazio G., Roda A., Zuman P.: Reactions of small aggregates of taurine conjugates of dihydroxy bile
salts with divalent transition metal ions. Microchemical Journal, 55, 382-391, 1997.
Rauch P., Ferri E.N., Girotti S., Rauchova H., Carrea G., Bovara R., Fini F., Roda A.: A chemiluminescent flow
sensing device for determination of choline and phospholipase D activity in biological samples. Anal. Biochem., 245,
133-140, 1997.
Klein P.D., Logan R.P., Amarri S., Andriulli A., Iaquinto G., Luzza F., Pajares Garcia J.M., Pazzi P., Perri F., Pozzato
P., Roda A., Vaira D., Zagari R.M.: Update on Helicobacter pylori research. Diagnosis. Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol.,
9, 617-618, 1997.
Lucisano E., Solazzo M., Roda A., Zanarini D., Cristino R., Tonini V., Cervellera M.: Emergency surgery in colorectal
cancer. J. Chemother., 9, 142-143, 1997.
* Roda A., Pasini P., Musiani M., Robert C., Baraldini M., Carrea G.: Chemiluminescence imaging as a bioanalytical
tool. In: Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence: Molecular Reporting with Photons, 307-310, J.W. Hastings, L.J.
Kricka and P.E. Stanley Editors, Wiley and Sons, Chichester, UK, 1997.
Roda A., Pasini P., Russo C., Baraldini M., Feroci G., Kricka L.J., Gioacchini A.M.: Evaluation of bile acids
antioxidant activity using enhanced chemiluminescent assay. In: Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence: Molecular
Reporting with Photons, 361-364, J.W. Hastings, L.J. Kricka and P.E. Stanley Editors, Wiley and Sons, Chichester, UK,
1997.
Pasini P., Musiani M., Roda A., Zerbini M., Gentilomi G., Baraldini M., Gallinella G., Venturoli S:
Chemiluminescence in situ hybridization for the detection of viral genomes. In: Bioluminescence and
Chemiluminescence: Molecular Reporting with Photons, 509-512, J.W. Hastings, L.J. Kricka and P.E. Stanley Editors,
Wiley and Sons, Chichester, UK, 1997.
Pasini P., Gasbarrini A., De Notariis S., Nardo B., Bernardi M., Roda A.: Oxygen free radical detection in isolated and
perfused rat liver by chemiluminescence imaging. In: Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence: Molecular Reporting
with Photons, 505-508, J.W. Hastings, L.J. Kricka and P.E. Stanley Editors, Wiley and Sons, Chichester, UK, 1997.
Roda A., Pasini P., Russo C., Baraldini M., Feroci G., Kricka L.J., Gioacchini A.M.: Antioxidant properties of bile
acids evaluated with enhanced chemiluminescent assay: a possible physiological role. In: Bile Acids in Hepatobiliary
Disease. Basic Research and Clinical Application, 246-253, G. Paumgartner, A. Stiehl and W. Gerok Editors, Kluwer
Academic, Lancaster, UK, 1997.
Roda A., Gioacchini A.M., Seraglia R., Montagnani M., Baraldini M., Pedrazzini S., Puricelli M., Traldi P.: A comparison
of the analytical performance of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, electrospray and matrixassisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry in the study of the protein extract from Bothrops jararaca snake
venom. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 11, 1297-1302, 1997.
Gioacchini A.M., Carrea G., Secundo F., Baraldini M., Roda A.: Electrospray mass spectrometric analysis of poly(ethylene
glycol)-protein conjugates. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 11, 1219-1222, 1997.
* Girotti S., Ferri E.N., Ghini S., Fini F., Musiani M., Carrea G., Roda A., Rauch P.: Luminescent techniques applied to
bioanalysis. Chem. Listy, 91, 477-482, 1997.
* Girotti S., Ferri E., Ghini S., Roda A., Pasini P., Carrea G., Bovara R., Lodi S., Lasi G., Navarro J., Rauch P.:
Luminescent techniques applied to food analysis. Quimica Analitica, 16 (1), S111-S117, 1997.
Tonelli D., Gattavecchia E., Mazzella G., Roda A.: Bile acid kinetics in man studied by radio thin-layer chromatography
and densitometry coupling. Journal of Chromatography B, 700, 59-66, 1997.
Gentilomi G., Musiani M., Roda A., Pasini P., Zerbini M., Gallinella G., Baraldini M., Venturoli S., Manaresi E.: Colocalization of two different viral genomes in the same sample by double-chemiluminescence in situ hybridization.
BioTechniques, 23 (6), 1076-1083, 1997.
1998
Musiani M., Pasini P., Zerbini M., Roda A., Gentilomi G., Gallinella G., Venturoli S., Manaresi E.: Chemiluminescence: a
sensitive detection system in in situ hybridization. Histology and Histopathology, 13, 243-248, 1998.
118
* Roda A., Pasini P., Baraldini M., Musiani M., Gentilomi G., Robert C.: Chemiluminescent imaging of enzymelabeled probes using an optical microscope-videocamera luminograph. Analytical Biochemistry, 257, 53-62, 1998.
Chieco P., Romagnoli E., Aicardi G., Suozzi A., Cantelli Forti G., Roda A.: Apoptosis induced in rat hepatocytes by in
vivo exposure to taurochenodeoxycholate. Histochemical Journal, 29, 875-883, 1998.
Gasbarrini A., Pasini P., Nardo B., De Notariis S., Simoncini M., Cavallari A., Roda E., Bernardi M., Roda A.:
Chemiluminescent real time imaging of post-ischemic oxygen free radicals formation in livers isolated from young and
old rats. Free Radic. Biol. Med., 24 (2), 211-216, 1998.
Ventrucci M., Cipolla A., Ubalducci G.M., Roda A., Roda E.: 13C labelled cholesteryl octanoate breath test for
assessing pancreatic exocrine insufficiency. Gut, 42 (1), 81-87, 1998.
Roda A., Piazza F., Baraldini M., Speroni E., Guerra M.C., Cerrè C., Cantelli Forti G.: Taurohyodeoxycholic acidinduced cholestasis in the rat. Hepatology, 27 (2), 520-525, 1998.
Roda A., Russo C., Pasini P., Piazza F., Feroci G., Kricka L.J., Baraldini M.: Antioxidant properties of bile salt
micelles evaluated with different chemiluminescent assays: a possible physiological role. J. Biolumin. Chemilumin., 13,
327-337, 1998.
Speroni E., Guerra M.C., Minghetti A., Crespi-Perellino N., Pasini P., Piazza F., Roda A.: Oleuropein evaluated in vitro
and in vivo as an antioxidant. Phytother. Res., 12, S98-S100, 1998.
Bazzoli F., Zagari M., Pozzato P., Varoli O., Fossi S., Ricciardiello L., Alampi G., Nicolini G., Sottili S., Simoni P.,
Roda A., Roda E.: Evaluation of short-term low-dose triple therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori by
factorial design in a randomized, double-blind, controlled study. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther., 12, 439-445, 1998.
Roda A., Piazza F., Pasini P., Baraldini M., Zambonin L., Fossi S., Bazzoli F., Roda E.: Development of a
chemiluminescent urease activity assay for Helicobacter pylori infection diagnosis in gastric mucosa biopsies. Anal.
Biochem., 264, 47-52, 1998.
* Pasini P., Musiani M., Russo C., Valenti P., Aicardi G., Crabtree J.E., Baraldini M., Roda A.: Chemiluminescence
imaging in bioanalysis. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 18, 555-564, 1998.
Montagnani M., Aldini R., Roda A., Roda E.: New insights in the physiology and molecular basis of the intestinal bile
acid absorption. Ital. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 30, 435-440, 1998.
Roda A., Piazza F., Baraldini M.: Separation techniques for bile salts analysis. J. Chromatogr. B, 717, 263-278, 1998.
* Roda A., Pasini P., Mirasoli M., Guardigli M., Russo C., Musiani M., Mazzeo C.: Chemiluminescent imaging in
immunoassays and DNA detection. J. Clin. Lig. Assay, 21, 365-376, 1998.
* Roda A., Piazza F., Simoni P., Afandi K., Ruffini F., Cantagalli D., Fini F., Girotti S.: I metodi immunometrici
quantitativi nell’analisi ambientale tossicologica. (The use of quantitative immunometric methods for environmental
and toxicological analysis) Ligandassay, 3 (4), 243-249, 1998.
* Girotti G., Ruffini F., Cantagalli D., Fini F., Piazza F., Simoni P., Afandi K., Roda A.: Recenti applicazioni dei saggi
immunologici negli alimenti. (Recent applications of immunoassays in food analysis) Ligandassay, 3(4), 250-258,
1998.
* Roda A., Pasini P., Mirasoli M., Guardigli M., Russo C., Musiani M., Mazzeo C.: Metodologie analitiche di imaging
in chemiluminescenza nei metodi immunologici e nella localizzazione del DNA. (Chemiluminescent imaging in
immunoassays and DNA detection) J. Clin. Lig. Assay (Ed. Italiana), 21(4), 377-388, 1998.
1999
* Ranalli G., Pasini P., Roda A.: Bioluminescent low-light imaging technique as a rapid method to detect spatial
distribution and activity of biodeteriogen agents in cultural heritages. In: Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence:
Perspectives for the 21st Century, A. Roda, M. Pazzagli, L.J. Kricka and P.E. Stanley Editors, Wiley and Sons,
Chichester, UK, 153-156, 1999.
Pasini P., Baraldini M., Russo C., Guardigli M., Mirasoli M., Piazza F., Afandi K., Musiani M., Roda A.: Bioanalytical
challenges of chemiluminescence immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. In: Bioluminescence and
Chemiluminescence: Perspectives for the 21st Century, A. Roda, M. Pazzagli, L.J. Kricka and P.E. Stanley Editors,
Wiley and Sons, Chichester, UK, 191-194, 1999.
Mirasoli M., Pasini P., Russo C., Lotierzo M., Valenti P., Guardigli M., Roda A.: Chemiluminescence in high
throughput screening for drug developmnet on 384 well microtiter format. In: Bioluminescence and
119
Chemiluminescence: Perspectives for the 21st Century, A. Roda, M. Pazzagli, L.J. Kricka and P.E. Stanley Editors,
Wiley and Sons, Chichester, UK, 524-527, 1999.
* Roda A., Simoni P., Ferri E.N., Girotti S., Ius A., Rauch P., Poplstein M., Pospisil M., Pipek P., Hochel I., Fukal L.:
Determination of PAHs in various smoked meat products and different samples by enzyme immunoassay. J. Sci. Food.
Agric., 79, 58-62, 1999.
Musiani M., Pasini P., Zerbini M., Gentilomi G., Roda A., Gallinella G., Manaresi E., Venturoli S.: Prenatal diagnosis
of Parvovirus B19-induced hydrops fetalis by chemiluminescence in situ hybridization. J. Clin. Microbiol., 37, 23262329, 1999.
Manaresi E., Pasini P., Gallinella G., Gentilomi G., Venturoli S., Roda A., Zerbini M., Musiani M.:
Chemiluminescence Western blot assay for the detection of immunity against parvovirus B19 VP1 and VP2 linear
epitopes using a videocamera based luminograph. J. Virol. Methods, 81, 91-99, 1999.
Paolini M., Pozzetti L., Piazza F., Cantelli-Forti G., Roda A.: Bile acids structure modulation of murine hepatic
cytochrome P450-linked enzymes. Hepatology, 30(3), 730-739, 1999.
Azzaroli F., Mazzella G., Mazzeo C., Simoni P., Festi D., Colecchia A., Montagnani M., Martino C., Villanova N.,
Roda A., Roda E.: Sluggish small bowel motility is involved in determining increased biliary deoxycholic acid in
cholesterol gallstone patients. Am. J. Gastroenterol., 94(9), 2453-2459, 1999.
Lucisano E., Roda A., Cristino R., Negri L., Vittimberga G., Solazzo M.: Lymphadenectomy in gastric cancer: our
experience with 180 cases. J. Chemother., 11(3), 227-229, 1999.
Gioacchini A.M., Calonghi N., Boga C., Cappadone C., Masotti L., Roda A., Traldi P.: Determination of 4-hydroxy-2nonenal at cellular levels by means of electrospray mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 13(15), 15731579, 1999.
Roda A., Paolini M., Piazza F., Baraldini M., Speroni E., Guerra M.C., Pozzetti L., Cantelli-Forti G.:
Taurohyodeoxycholic acid prevents taurochenodeoxycholic acid-induced cholestasis in rat: modulation of cytochrome
P450 system. In: Bile Acids and Cholestatsis (XV International Bile Acids Meeting), G. Paumgartner, A. Stiehl, D.
Keppler, W. Gerok and U. Leuschner Editors, Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, Germany, 184-190, 1999.
Aldini R., Montagnani M., Russo C., Roda A.: Basi molecolari del trasporto epatico degli acidi biliari. In Acidi Biliari
2000: aggiornamento per il futuro, E. Roda, A. Roda ed A.F. Hofmann Editori, Masson, Milano, Italia, 335-348, 1999.
Montagnani M., Aldini R., Roda A., Russo C., Roda E.: Fisiologia dell’assorbimento intestinale degli acidi biliari. In
Acidi Biliari 2000: aggiornamento per il futuro, E. Roda, A. Roda ed A.F. Hofmann Editori, Masson, Milano, Italia, 387398, 1999.
Roda A., Piazza F.: Nuovi acidi biliari sintetici farmacologicamente attivi. In Acidi Biliari 2000: aggiornamento per il
futuro, E. Roda, A. Roda ed A.F. Hofmann Editori, Masson, Milano, Italia, 149-187, 1999.
Piazza F., Roda A, Simoni P.: Metodiche analitiche estrattive e separative per l’analisi di sali biliari in fluidi biologici. In
Acidi Biliari 2000: aggiornamento per il futuro, E. Roda, A. Roda ed A.F. Hofmann Editori, Masson, Milano, Italia, 93124, 1999.
2000
Roda A., Guardigli M., Russo C., Pasini P., Baraldini M.: Protein microdeposition using a conventional ink-jet printer.
BioTechniques, 28(3), 492-496, 2000.
Paolini M., Pozzetti L., Piazza F., Guerra M.C., Speroni E., Cantelli-Forti G., Roda A.: Mechanism for the prevention
of cholestasis involving cytochrome P4503A overexpression. J. Investig. Med., 48(1), 49-59, 2000.
* Roda A., Pasini P., Guardigli M., Baraldini M., Musiani M., Mirasoli M.: Bio- and chemiluminescence in bioanalysis.
Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 366, 752-759, 2000.
* Roda A., Musiani M, Pasini P., Baraldini M., Crabtree J.E.: In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry with
enzyme-triggered chemiluminescent probes. Methods Enzymol., 305, 577-590, 2000.
* Roda A., Pasini P., Musiani M., Baraldini M.: Chemiluminescence imaging systems for the analysis of macrosamples:
microtiter format, blot membrane, and whole organs. Methods Enzymol., 305, 120-132, 2000.
* Ranalli G., Pasini P., Roda A.: Rapid diagnosis of microbial growth and biocide treatments on stone materials by
bioluminescent low-light imaging technique. In: Proceedings of the 9th International Congress on Deterioration and
Conservation of Stone, V. Fassina Editor, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 499-505, 2000.
120
Roda A., Manetta AC, Piazza F., Simoni P., Lelli R.: A rapid and sensitive 384-microtiter wells format
chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay for clenbuterol. Talanta, 52, 311-318, 2000.
Piazza F., Montagnani M., Russo C., Azzaroli F., Aldini R., Roda E., Roda A.: Competition in liver transport between
chenodeoxycholic acid and ursodeoxycholic acid as a mechanism for ursodeoxycholic acid and its amidates protection
of liver damage induced by chenodeoxycholic acid. Digest. Liver Dis., 32, 318-328, 2000.
Floreani A., Molaro M., Mottes M., Sangalli A., Baragiotta A., Roda A., Naccarato R., Clementi M.: Autosomal
dominant benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis (BRIC) unlinked to 18q21 and 2q24. Am. J. Med. Genet., 95, 450453, 2000.
* Sabbieti M.G., Marchetti L., Curini R., Menghi G., Roda A., Russo M.V., Nugnes C., Materazzi S.: Evidence of butyl
benzyl phtalate induced modifications in a model system developed in vitro. Analusis, 28, 843-846, 2000.
2001
* Charbonniére L., Ziessel R., Guardigli M., Roda A., Sabbatini N., Cesario M.: Lanthanide tags for time-resolved
luminescence microscopy displaying improved stability and optical properties. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 123, 2436-2437,
2001.
* Roda A., Pasini P., Mirasoli M., Guardigli M., Russo C., Musiani M., Baraldini M.: Sensitive determination of
urinary mercury(II) by a bioluminescent transgenic bacteria-based biosensor. Anal. Lett., 34(1), 29-41, 2001.
* Roda A., Pasini P., Musiani M., Baraldini M., Guardigli M., Mirasoli M., Russo C.: Bioanalytical applications of
chemiluminescent imaging. In: “Chemiluminescence in Analytical Chemistry”, A.M. GarcÍa-Campaña, W. Baeyens,
eds., Marcel Dekker, New York, 473-495, 2001.
Bacigalupo M.A., Ius A., Simoni P., Piazza F., Roda A., Setchell K.D.R.: Analytical performance of luminescent
immunoassays of different format for serum daidzein analysis. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 370, 82-87, 2001.
Addolorato G., Di Campli C., Simoncini M., Pasini P., Nardo B., Cavallari A., Pola P., Roda A., Gasbarrini G.,
Gasbarrini A.: Oxygen free radical production in rat liver: dose-related effect of ethanol on reperfusion injury. Dig. Dis.
Sci., 46, 1057-1066, 2001.
Nardo B., Caraceni P., Pasini P., Domenicali M., Catena F., Cavallari G., Santoni B., Maiolini E., Grattagliano I.,
Vendemiale G., Trevisani F., Roda A., Bernardi M., Cavallari A.: Increased generation of reactive oxygen species in
isolated rat fatty liver during postischemic reoxygenation. Transplantation, 71, 1816-1820, 2001.
* Piazza F., Barbieri A., Violante F., Roda A.: A rapid and sensitive method for methyl tert-butyl ether analysis in
water samples by use of solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography¯mass spectrometry. Chemosphere, 44,
539-544, 2001.
Musiani M., Pasini P., Roda A., Zerbini M.: In situ detection of viral nucleic acids by chemiluminescence. In: “FISH
Technology. Springer Lab Manuals”, B. Rautenstrauss, J. Liehr, eds., Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, 346-359, 2001.
* Pasini P., Gentilomi G., Guardigli M., Baraldini M., Musiani M., Roda A.: A chemiluminescent whole cell biosensor
for assessing estrogenic activity. In: “Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence 2000”, J.F. Case, P.J. Herring, B.H.
Robison, S.H.D. Haddock, L.J. Kricka, P.E. Stanley, eds., World Scientific Publishing Company, Singapore, 327-330,
2001.
* Roda A., Guardigli M., Pasini P., Baraldini M.: development of a time-resolved fluorescence microscope for imaging
analysis. In: “Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence 2000”, J.F. Case, P.J. Herring, B.H. Robison, S.H.D. Haddock,
L.J. Kricka, P.E. Stanley, eds., World Scientific Publishing Company, Singapore, 493-496, 2001.
Andreani A., Cavalli A., Granaiola M., Guardigli M., Leoni A., Locatelli A., Morigi R., Rambaldi M., Recanatini M.,
Roda A.: Synthesis and screening for antiacethylcholinesterase activity of (1-benzyl-4-oxopiperidin-3-ylidene)methyl
indoles and pyrroles related to donepezil. J. Med. Chem., 44, 4011-4014, 2001.
I-4
In the period 1997-2001, more than 50 presentations (oral or posters) were presented at National and International
Congresses in the fields of analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, bio- and chemiluminescence.
Appendix 3
121
Name of the Unit:
Research Director:
Years included
Bologna 4
Prof. Aldo Roda
1997-2001
Name of Journal
Chemosphere
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom
Anal Biochem
J Chromatogr B
Fresenius J Anal Chem
Talanta
J Pharmaceut Biomed
Anal Lett
Microchem J
Analusis
Quim Anal
J Am Chem Soc
Chem Listy
J Sci Food Agr
J Med Chem
Phytother Res
BioTechniques
Methods Enzymol
Biomed Chromatogr
J Clin Lig Assay
Number of Journal
Articles
Impact Factor
1
1.181
3
2.478
3
2.019
2
1.911
2
1.649
1
1.587
1
1.177
1
1.000
1
0.771
1
0.502
1
0.303
1
6.079
1
0.317
1
1.160
1
4.139
1
0.603
2
1.955
2
1
1
1.793
1.432
0.308
Free Radical Bio Med
1
5.082
J Biolumin Chemilumin
1
1.111
J Histochem Cytochem
Histol Histopathol
Histochem J
Transplantation
J Invest Med
Hepatology
1
1
1
1
1
2
2.718
1.859
1.169
4.184
2.527
8.096
Gut
1
6.170
Aliment Pharm Therap
1
3.900
Am J Gastroenterol
1
3.549
Ital J Gastroenterol
1
1.594
Field(s)
Ranking
Chemistry, multidisciplinary
Chemistry, multidisciplinary
Chemistry, Applied
Chemistry, Medicinal
Chemistry, Medicinal
Biochemical
research
methods
Biochemistry and molecular
biology
Biochemical
research
methods
biology
Biochemical
research
methods
biology
Biochemical
research
methods
Medical
Laboratory
technology
biology
biology
Cell Biology
Cell Biology
Cell Biology
Transplantation
Medicine, General & Internal
Gastroenterology
and
Hepatology
Gastroenterology
and
Hepatology
Gastroenterology
and
Hepatology
Gastroenterology
and
Hepatology
Gastroenterology
and
Hepatology
43/129
9/68
14/68
18/68
22/68
23/68
35/68
40/68
47/68
53/68
64/68
5/118
95/118
18/58
6/36
31/36
18/43
151/308
21/43
164/308
28/43
190/308
42/43
21/24
53/308
219/308
54/147
84/147
113/147
1/16
16/112
2/47
4/47
5/47
8/47
23/47
122
Name of Journal
Eur J Gastroen Hepat
Digest Dis Sci
Digest Liver Dis
Am J Med Genet
J Chemotherapy
J Virol Methods
J Clin Microbiol
Number of Journal
Field(s)
Articles
Impact Factor
1
1.580
Gastroenterology
and
Hepatology
1
1.516
Gastroenterology
and
Hepatology
1
0.696
Gastroenterology
and
Hepatology
1
2.378
Genetics and Heredity
2
1.256
Pharmacology and Pharmacy
1
1.768
Virology
1
3.965
Microbiology
Ranking
24/47
25/47
38/47
51/113
106/186
18/25
12/81
Comments on:
a) the method
The most recent version of the ISI Journal Impact Factor Index was used (2001).
b) the results
The Research Unit has published, since 1997, more than 50 articles in National and International Scientific Journals in
the fields of analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, environmental research, and medicinal chemistry. Out of the total,
17 articles were published in journals belonging to the top 25 percent of their fields.
123
BOLOGNA 5
Analisi luminescenti e cromatografiche per il monitoraggio ambientale
Luminescent and chromatographic analysis in environment monitoring
BOLOGNA (Stefano Girotti)
University
Faculty
Farmacia
Pharmacy
Research Leader
Prof. Stefano Girotti
Contact Person
Stefano Girotti
U.C.I. Sc. Chim. Radioch. e Metall.
Via San Donato 15
I-40127 Bologna
Phone 051 251147
Fax 051 6443680
Department
U.C.I. Scienze Chimiche, Radiochimiche e Metallurgiche
Institute of Chemical Sciences
Thematic Area
• Tecnologie biologiche enzimatiche e biomimetiche per le sintesi ecosostenibili e la decontaminazione ambientale.
The Unit research activity mainly concerns the development and the application of analytical techniques in the
environmental monitoring of several analytes. At present can be pointed out both the monitoring by using honeybees,
that required the development ad hoc of new techniques, and the application of toxicity bioassays based on
bioluminescent bacteria and “musselmonitor”.
The fundamental thematic area is the first one, but exist interesting applications even in the second one. The
collaboration with an enterprise to develop a bioremediation procedure using bacteria grown and checked in this Unit is
in progress.
It is our wish to emphasize that the character of the research carried on at the Unit is definitely that of applied one.
Moreover, formally the Unit is composed by the scientific research staff reported in the tables but, thanks to national
and international collaborations, the range of available skills is much more broad, including, behind chemistry, the
biological, entomologic, veterinary knowledges needed to deal with the environment problems.
The continuous and effective collaboration is proved by the several exchanges, often at international level, among the
Unit and its partners, involving both researchers and experts.
A part of the funds are awarded by enterprises collaborating with the Unit, even if not within the consortium.
.
The University of Bologna is the oldest university in western civilizations. The exact beginning is uncertain, but the
1088 is accepted as the conventional starting date of the period during which, in Bologna, was possible to identify free
teachers, giving lessons independent from ecclesiastical school.
Nowadays the University of Bologna is among the greater universities in Italy. It is a government university, as the
most part of Italian universities, independent, its own statute settles the rules of the self-government. The University
government and the main research and teaching activity are located in Bologna, but many new research and teaching
activities have been recently dislocated in other Cities of the Emilia-Romagna region, such as Cesena, Faenza, Forlì,
Ravenna and Rimini. The whole University currently counts about 900 professors, 1,000 associated professors, 1,050
researchers and more than 100,000 students.
The University of Bologna includes 20 faculties, 65 Departments, 5 Federated Departments (“Unità Complesse”), 3
Institutes that offer more than 100 courses, both short degrees (45, three years) and specialistic degrees (65, five years)
in the following disciplines:
124
Agriculture, Architecture, Industrial Chemistry, Preservation of Cultural Heritage, Economics, Pharmacy, Law,
Engineering, Arts and Philosophy, Foreign Languages and Literatures, Medicine, Veterinary Medicine, Psychology,
Mathematics Physics and Natural Science, Motory Sciences, Training Sciences, Political Science, Statistics Science,
High School of modern languages for interpreters and translators
The Faculty of Pharmacy enrols about 3000 students and includes 100 of teachers and researchers.
The members of teaching staff belong to 12 different Research Departments and one UCI (Complex Unit of Institutes).
According to the data of a report conducted by CENSIS and by the newspaper “La Repubblica”, the information of a
group of deans and of the Professional Associations in 2001 the Faculty of Pharmacy of Bologna was the top among
about 30 faculty in Italy, taking into account various parameters such as: teaching activities, research, productivity, the
interest aroused and international relations.
The Unit belongs to the UCI of Chemical Science.
The Unit
The Unit of Analytical Chemistry at the UCI of Chemical Science is engaged since about 20 years in the development
of analytical methods suitable in monitoring several analytes in the environment, in foods, in clinical and
pharmacological samples. The revealing techniques are based, mainly but not only, on bio and chemiluminescent
reactions.
The staff of the Unit includes an Associated Professor, two researchers, a PhD graduate, four fellows and various
students carrying out the degree thesis work.
The teachers of this unit are, or were, charged with the courses of Analytical Chemistry and Clinical Analytical
Chemistry for the degree courses of Pharmacy (Bologna and Rimini branches), Pharmaceutical Chemistry and
Technology, Technologies for Herbalists.
The Unit was responsible of the organisation and carrying out of the following Specialization Courses:
“Quality management: Principles and applications in the analytical laboratories”.
“Analytical Microbiology of foods and water”.
“Advanced Analytical Techniques in clinical, environmental, foods and industrial assays”.
Moreover, the teachers of the Unit did: theoretical and practical classes for the Specialization Courses in “Synthesis and
Application of Radiopharmaceuticals” and “Digestion of Toxic, Harmful and Special Wastes: Analysis, Identification
and Classification”; theoretical lesson of Environmental Toxicology and Precautionary Measures for the Specialization
School of Toxicology, University of Bologna.
Program Description and Evaluation
1.Title: Analisi luminescenti e cromatografiche per il monitoraggio ambientale
Luminescent and chromatographic analysis in environment monitoring
2.Research Leader: Stefano Girotti
3.Composition of the scientific research staff of the unit
Name and title
Girotti Stefano
Ghini Severino
Ferri Elida Nora
Fini Fabiana
Bolelli Luca
Setti Ilaria
Camprini Giovanni
Giardini Denise
Year of birth
1950
1949
1957
1971
1971
1976
1974
1974
Rank
Associated Professor
Researcher
Researcher
Post-doc
Fellow
Fellow
Fellow
Fellow
Research Input
0.4
1.0
0.5
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
6.9
Remarks
Since 1996
Since 2000
Since 2000
Since 2001
Since 2001
Comments
The research activity of the Unit is widening its field of interest and application, but because the well known, chronic
situation of Italian universities makes extremely difficult to be officially employed it is necessary to involve several
fellows. Their salaries often are paid directly from enterprises funding.
For example, the fellowship of Dr. Bolelli for last year was a “Spinner” fellowship to develop a Research,
Development and know-how transfer to enterprises Project. The aim of this project was to set up a bioassay kit based
on bioluminescent bacteria. This fellowship, as well as all the other ones, fits perfectly the mission statement of the
Unit and is of fundamental importance for the development and quality of the research work.
1.Input of Academic Staff in fte
125
Category
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
Total
Full Professor
Associated professor
Researchers
Post-docs
PhD-students
Fellows
Total
0
0.4
1.5
0
1.0
0
2.9
0
0.4
1.5
0
1.0
0
2.9
0
0.4
1.5
0
1.0
0
2.9
0
0.4
1.5
0
1.0
2.0
4.9
0
0.4
1.5
1.0
0
4.0
6.9
0
2.0
7.5
1.0
4.0
6.0
20.5
5.
Funding
1.3Personnel (in fte)
Source
1997
1998
University-MURST
2.9
1.9
CNR
EU
1
Other Sponsors
Total
2.9
2.9
1.3Materials and Equipment (in million lire)
Source
University-MURST
CNR
EU
Other Sponsors
Total
1999
1.9
2000
3.9
1
1
2001
5.9
Total
16.5
3
1
20.5
2.9
4.9
1
6.9
1997
18
1998
22
1999
24
2000
22
2001
25
Total
111
55
25
98
42
60
124
24
80
128
14
120
156
97
122
135
382
628
5.3
Comments:
On the figures:
The size of the academic staff involved in this research is increasing, as well as the amount of the funds allocated for
the personnel.
On the funding policy:
The financial resources are obtained from several sponsors: this is a clear proof of the good management quality in
preparing and submit the fund requests and, on the other hand, of the quality of proposed researches and obtained
results.
During the 2001 the total amount of funds seems reduced, because the end of the triennial European projects. Actually,
the amount of funds given to monitoring analysis projects is increasing and the policy of the Unit in the future is to
continue to increase it, both involving new local organisation besides those now collaborating with the unit, and turning
to this research part of inner resources.
Concerning this we want to point out that in this report are not included the funds, employed in this research, obtained
as sub-unit partners in project administered by other departments or research groups, i.e. the National Interest Project
”Endocrine disrupting compounds in aqueous and biological systems: new analytical methodologies and toxicological
impact” and the research project “Honeybees, Honey, Environment” funded by the Agricultural Policies Ministry,
coordinated by the Institute of Entomology and the Institute of Apiculture.
The major sponsors are:
- National enterprises: Busi Impianti S.p.A.,
Le Rocche Malatestiane,
Azienda Liofilchem Diagnostici,
“La Carlina”, a cooperative society.
- Some communes in the district of Bologna (Ozzano, Granarolo, Castenaso)
- The Emilia-Romagna region.
The research aim and activity funded by each one of this sponsor is defined in advance by the signature of a specific
contract.
- The European Community:
The themes developed in our Research Projects till now approved and funded by the EC during the 5th Framework
Project concerned environmental problems. We were able to reach the foreseen results and the Final Reports obtained
126
the enthusiastic approval of the EU Scientific Committee. The scientific responsibles underlined the good quality of the
drawing up of the Reports but mainly the high level of effective collaboration reached among the researchers and
between scientific research and enterprises. One of these Reports was chosen as advertising material for the INCOCOPERNICUS programme.
6.
Progress Report
6.1 Mission Statement
The main topics of the research activity of the Unit are:
1) The development of bioluminescent and chemiluminescent analytical methods to be used in complex matrices.
2) The application of the developed assays, together with other fundamental analytical methods, to the analysis of
environmental, food and pharmacological samples.
3) The use of honeybees in the environmental monitoring of pesticides in agroecosystems, in the monitoring of
heavy metals pollution in cities and industrial areas and for the detection of radionuclides in several other
environments.
4) The use of honeybees for the detection of phytopatogen bacteria, like Erwinia amylovora.
The application of bio and chemiluminescent revealing systems is greatly useful in all cases the sample contain just
traces of the analyte or when a rapid screening procedure on several samples is requested.
The chromatographic and spectroscopic methods can be used to determine pesticides and heavy metals.
The radiochemical instruments available at the Unit allow to perform no destructive assays of honeybees to
monitor radioactive pollution in the environment.
The expected results include: the set up of new methods and assays useful in the monitoring of environment and
food.
The character of the research is mostly applied.
“Clients” of our research work can be both enterprises (like Busi S.p.A. or Granarolo S.p.A.) and public bodies,
like the Regione Emilia-Romagna. Generally speaking the results obtained in this research are useful for the whole
scientific community interested in analytical chemistry.
6.2 The Research
(*) Star marks the items concerning INCA Consortium
¾ The research work of the Unit continues developing the topics under study since a number of years, during which
were developed several kinds of bio and chemiluminescent (BL and CL) assays: involving flow sensors, in batch,
immunological, using DNA or RNA probes labelled by BL or CL tracers, using directly the luminescent
microorganisms to set up biotoxicologic assays.
The main lines of the research will be the development of new BL and CL analytical and new applications of assays
already well validated.
It is foreseen to continue following 6 lines already active in the Unit:
1)*Synthesis and application of new luminescent molecules and luciferines to develop immunoluminescent methods
both for microbiological and viral assays by using DNA probes and immunoenzymatic assays on microplates. More in
details these assays will be used to determine pesticides and pathogenic bacteria like Erwinia amylovora, detected by a
PCR-ELISA assays in pollen and honeybees
2) *The use of honeybees as bioindicators to perform an accurate monitoring and control of the environment, setting
up and optimising chromatographic methods to detect pesticides.
3) Development of continuous flow systems to determine substrates and enzymatic activities, also employing
antibodies; optimisation of the enzymatic reactions already prepared.
4) Determination of microorganisms content in complex matrices and in *bioaerosol by using the ATP content
measurement.
1) Chemiluminescent determination of the antioxidant properties of food and antioxidant activity *in treatment
plants for wastewaters and sludges of civil and industrial origin (Petrochemical).
2) *Evaluation of the toxic potential of compounds present in milk and in the sea water by measuring their
inhibitory effects on the light emission of BL bacteria. This activity will be connected to the molluscs rearing.
(clams, mussels, etc.).
¾ The studies performed during the period 1997-2001 concerned various aspects of the application of BL and CL
assays.
127
Employing both monoclonal antibodies, produced expressly for this research, and polyclonal antibodies
commercially available were developed chemiluminescent assays for pesticide (DDT and endosulfan families),
benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), PHAs and pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella and Listeria) determination.
A batch system including the enzymes Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP), Choline Oxidase (ChOX) and
Acetylcholine Estherase (AChE) and the chemiluminescent mixture Hydrogen peroxide/Luminol was used as a
preliminary test to determine the presence of pesticide residual in honeybees extracts. This system is based on the
inhibition of AChE activity by several pesticide families and is able to detect in various matrices (soil and
vegetables) 0,75 µg/L of Paraoxon and 4 µg/L of Aldicarb, with recovery between 81 and 108 %. A flow sensor
was already developed, using HRP and ChOX immobilized on Eupergit-C, AChE and the luminescent mixture in
the flowing solution. It was employed to determine Paraoxon and Aldicarb in extracts of environmental samples
and the idea was to use it for a large screening of honeybees samples. The positive samples can be further analysed
by Gas Chromatography (GC) to assess which pesticides are present. By using this couple of assays is possible to
control a large territory testing samples of dead honeybees or of their products, honey and pollen.
The GC method was improved performing a pre-analytical treatment of the sample, that was purified by GPC (Gel
Permeation Chromatography). This procedure is very effective, quite rapid, and the chromatograms are very clear.
Moreover, this allow a reduction of the cost per sample and the use of toxic solvents, an advantage for the
environment and technicians health. To compare the validity of the method the samples were tested by using
Liquid Chromatography Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Mass Spectrometry (LC-APCI-MS) with ionisation in
positive and negative ions method (PI) (NI). By this method was possible to identify 22 pesticides on the 25 under
investigation.
A microextraction on solid phase (SPME) technique was also studied to obtain purified samples to measure
directly in the Gas Chromatograph equipped with a N-P detector. Using this method the number of pesticides
isolated from honeybees was 18. Two different probes, as solid phase, were tested, made by polyacrylate and
polydimethylsiloxane, respectively and the first one shown itself more effective in absorbing the pesticides.
The extraction was performed in water/acetone mixture; in samples added with standard solutions of pesticides
(0.2 mg /kg) the CV resulted between 1 and 13% and detection limit of 10 µg/kg.
Erwinia amylovora (Ea) is a phytopathogenic bacteria, the causal agent of “fire blight” the most destructive bacterial
disease of Rosaceous plants. A PCR-ELISA assay with chemiluminescent end-point detection allowed to reach a
detection limit of 30 cells in pure cultures and of 380 cells in pollen samples. The colorimetric detection is of two order
of magnitude less sensitive. This assay has been applied to environment control analysing pollen samples collected by
honeybees. This avoid the need to test a sample per each pear or apple tree in the field to discover the presence of an
infected plant.
Various strains of luminescent bacteria are employed since several years in the environmental monitoring. The
light emission of these microorganisms is a biochemical process very sensitive to the presence and toxicity of most
xenobiotics. When toxic compounds and bacteria are brought into contact the luminescent emission decreases
proportionally to the xenobiotic concentration. Various methods based on luminescent bacteria were set up to
analyse heavy metals, antibiotics, BTEX present in solutions, biological matrices and extracts from bivalve
molluscs.
Moreover, the bioluminescent determination of ATP content is, and was, employed in the control of surfaces
hygiene and of the microorganisms amount in air (museums and indoor rooms), in wastewater and food.
¾ During next five years will be continued the research lines till now followed. Particular care will be given to the
environmental monitoring using honeybees, developing tests for other analytes, and to the bio-toxicological assays
based both on BL bacteria and sensors as the “musselmonitor“. The last one allow to evaluate the toxicity of the
compounds directly on the mussels.
It is foreseen to involve more graduated or post-doc student offering various fellowships, sponsored by enterprises, too
and probably another “Spinner” fellowship.
6.3 Position in network
The Institution marked by the star (*) are essential to continue the collaborations needed to develop new analytical
technologies in environmental monitoring, especially those based on honeybees, concerning Thematic area No. 1.
During last years has been created a wide network of collaborations and contacts both at national and international
level, that enable the Unit to face the problems of environmental monitoring from several point of view and to propose
global solutions, thanks to the possibility to connect research groups with different skills.
128
• *Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica Specialistica e Sperimentale (Erwinia amylovora PCR-ELISA
assays, bioluminescent bacteria)
• *Dipartimento di Medicina e Sanità Pubblica (microbiological analysis in wastewater treatment
plants).
• Clinica Medica III, Istituto di Microbiologia, Università di Bologna (biosensors and flow systems).
• Dipartimento Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Bologna (biosensors and flow systems).
• *Dipartimento Scienze e Tecnologie Agroambientali, Università di Bologna
•
- *SEABO, Laboratorio Analisi Ambientali, Bologna.
- *ARPA, Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione Ambientale, Laboratorio Analisi Ambientali, Bologna.
- *Busi Impianti, S.p.A. (luminescent sensor for microorganisms in air).
- *Regione Emilia-Romagna, in particolare Osservatorio delle Malattie delle Piante
- Le Rocche Malatestiane, Società Cooperativa a R.L., Rimini (food analysis).
- *Comuni di Granarolo, Castenaso ed Ozzano.
- *Cooperativa “La Carlina” – Bologna.
- *Centro Studi Ambientali (CSA), Rimini.
National Co-operation (including INCA)
- *Istituto di Biocatalisi e Riconoscimento Molecolare (ex Chimica Ormoni), CNR, Milano (flow systems)
- Laboratorio Centralizzato e Servizio Immunoematologia e Trasfusionale, Ospedale S. Orsola, Bologna
(nucleotides analysis).
- Granarolo S.p.A., Laboratorio Analisi Qualità, Bologna (food analysis and quality system).
- *Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Abruzzo-Molise, Teramo (“musselmonitor ” and biotoxicological
analysis)
- *Istituto Nazionale di Apicoltura, Bologna.
- *IAS - Industria Acqua Siracusana SpA, Priolo Gargallo, Siracusa
- *Teaching Project Tempus II (S JEP- 07599-94): University of Chemical Technology Prague, Brno e Olomouc,
Czech Republic; Luton e Norwich, U.K.; Salamanca, Spain; Lyngby, Denmark; Bayreuth, Germany; Lund, Sweden.
- R&D Project UE Copernicus CIPA CT 94-0147;, University of Chemical Technology Prague; Pilsen Breweries,
Pilsen; Granarolo Felsinea SpA, Bologna; Dairy Research Institute, Prague; Golden Pheasant Brewery, Urbanovo,
Slovak Republic.
- *R&D Project UE Copernicus ERBIC15CT961001; Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Spain; University of
Chemical Technology, Prague; Moscow State University “Lomosov”, Moscow, Russia.
- Joint Project CNR/JNICT (132.21.1); Universidade Nova, Departamento de Quimica, Lisboa, Portugal.
- *R&D Project UE Copernicus IC15-CT96-1013; The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK, University of
Chemical Technology, Prague; Food Research Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia; Boneco Ltd., Benesov, Czech Republic.
- Teaching Project Tempus II (S JEP-12325-97, Joint European Project); University of Chemical Technology and
Charles University Prague, Brno (Masaryk, Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences e Mendel Agricultural and
Forestry Universities), Pardubice e Olomouc, Czech Republic; Luton e Norwich, UK; Salamanca, Spain; Lyngby,
Denmark.
- *Research Project- Integrated Action Italia/Spagna; Universidad de Cordoba, Spain.
- *Scientific Exchange Project Italy/Czech Republic; University of Chemical Technology, Prague.
- Teaching Project Tempus -Phare Compact Measures Grant (CME-03617-97); University of Chemical Technology,
Czech University of Agriculture e Charles University, Brno (Masaryk, Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences e
Mendel Agricultural and Forestry Universities), Pardubice e Olomouc, Czech Republic; Lyngby, Denmark; Luton e
Norwich, U.K.; Salamanca, Spain.
- UE "Socrates/Erasmus" Programme of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Bologna: in the context of this programme were
established further scientific collaborations with: *Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran
Canaria, España, *Department of Biotechnology, *University of Lund, Sweden, *Departement de Chimie-Biochimie,
Universitè Claude Bernard, Lyon, France, *Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, UK,
*Departamento de Quimica Analitica, Universidad de Cordoba, España. The exchanges concerned the performance of
common researches and of master thesis works.
- Department Chemistry and Medicine, University of California, USA (development of nanotechnologies).
School of Chemistry, Hull University, UK (flow sensors).
- *Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemical Technology, Praha, Czech Republic
(development of pesticides immunoassays).
129
- UNIASA SPA, Granada, España (food analysis).
- Istituto de Nutricion y Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidad de Granada, España (food analysis ).
- *Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, España
Part of the research activity concerned some National projects, i.e.: The Project: “Production of the bioluminescent
recombinant phytopathogen Erwinia amylovora, causative agent of Rosacee “Fire Blight”, for epidemiological study”
funded by the Interuniversitary Centre for Biotechnologies (CIB); The National Project: “Endocrine disrupting
compounds in aqueous and biological systems: new analytical methodologies and toxicological impact” and the
Research Project “Chemiluminescent assays of antioxidant properties of wines” sponsored by Le Rocche Malatestiane,
Società Cooperativa a r.l., Rimini.
In the context of INCA we were involved again very recently (2002), then the only one collaboration is with the Unit
of Prof. Roda, Bologna 4. One of the reasons because we started again the collaboration with INCA is that in the
immediate future we could undertake several collaborations with other Units, since many research topics are common.
My expectations on the function and role of INCA in the future concern its ability to coordinate and aggregate the
similar Project both at local-regional and at national level, together with a deep interest in preparing European Project
proposals.
6.4 Societal Relevance and Impact
The social relevance of the research is connected to the objectives of the projects. The pollutants detected by the
analytical methods developed by the Unit are wide spread in land and sea environment and a timely detection can
avoid serious damages to human health and to the environment.
This research work is of fundamental importance, since is devoted to the development of methods suitable to be
effectively applied to real problems, as it is demonstrated by the collaboration between the Unit and the Region
Emilia-Romagna or with other laboratories engaged in environmental monitoring (ARPA, SEABO).
In the specific case of the application of honeybees monitoring and of the phytopathogenic organism the results of
this research can have a great social, environmental and economic impact. To disclose timely the presence of the
microorganism reduces the damages on fruit-threes. The method developed in our laboratory will became an
official method in Emilia-Romagna Region to test the presence of . Erwinia amylovora infections.
*Employing honeybees has been performed too the monitoring of pesticides, radionuclides and heavy metals. This
service is requested by some communes of Bologna district (Granarolo, Castenaso ed Ozzano) in which the
presence and distribution of pesticide is recorded and data processed to prepare “month risk maps” To the
researches in progress on other microorganisms some enterprises are interested with the aim to prepare Pate4nts on
them.
Comparing the funds obtained (see pag. 4), the publications (see pag. 14-16) and the interest displayed by Public
bodies and enterprises (see pag. 7-8) it is possible to see clearly that the research results of this Unit has good
application to real problems.
6.5 Further indication of Quality and Reputation
Il Prof. Girotti has been International European Referee Ph.D. Thesis commissions at the University of Chemical
Technology, Prague, Czech Republic; the University of Valencia, Spain; the Palacky University of Olomouc, Czech
republic and the Universidad Jaume I di Castellon, Spain.
Professor Girotti audited and reviewed some Fellowship Research Grant proposals of the Grant Agency September
1994, August 1995, August 1998, August 1999, August 2001.He audited and reviewed a Research Grant proposal of
the "Fonds zur Förderung der Wissenshaftlichen Forshung", Austria., March 1999.
He audited and reviewed Research Grant proposals of the "Grant Agency" of the Czech Republic: June 2001 and June
2002.
He has reviewed papers for "Analytica Chimica Acta"; "Journal of Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence";
"Talanta"; "Mikrochimica Acta", "Annali di Chimica-Rome", "Il Farmaco", "Journal of Immunological Methods" and
"Journal of Chromatography".
He has been Visiting Professor at the Departamento de Quimica, Universidade Nova, Lisboa, Portugal, at the PULEVA
s.a. in Granada, Spain, and he lectured on invitation in Czech and Spanish Universities.
Consultant in the Project "Application of Biological Markers" at IAS-Industria Acqua Siracusana SpA, Priolo Gargallo,
Siracusa, for the coordination of the research which involves also the Siracusa ASL 8 Laboratory, using
biotoxicological biosensors based on Bioluminescent Bacteria and Mussels. May 2001 - May 2002
Consultant in the Project for the standardisation of bioluminescent bacteria assay in the "Misura 2" of the Research
Project "Qualificazione del prodotto Chamelea gallina (vongola comune) della fascia costiera Molise-Alta Puglia
(Termoli) finalizzata al riconoscimento di un marchio di qualità”. December 1999 - November 2001.
130
Consultant in the Project "Evaluation of a research concerning the development of a bioluminescent sensor for
bioaerosol measurement", a research performed at Busi Impianti SpA, Bologna.Consultant in the Project "Development
and marketing of a biotoxicological analytical kit employing bioluminescent bacteria I" with the Liofilchem SpA,
Roseto degli Abruzzi (TE).He is author of the European n. 02425030.0 Patent entitled “Detection of Listeria
monocytogenes by the polymerase chain reaction”, granted and supported by University of Bologna, registered on 28
January 2002.
Member of the scientific committee of the II Meeting of the Italian Section of the International Society of
Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence and co-ordinator of the scientific session: "Applications of ATP
measurement in bioluminescence ". Florence, 16–17th June 1997. Member of the organising committee of the 10th
International Symposium on Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence and co-ordinator of the session: "ATP-Based
assay for rapid microbiology and toxicology". Bologna, 4 – 8th September 1998
6.6 Key Publications
*S.Rossi, A.P.Dalpero, S.Ghini, R.Colombo, A.G.Sabatini, S.Girotti.
“Multi residual method for Gas Chromatography analysis of pesticides in honeybees cleaned by gel permeation
chromatography”.
Journal of Chromatography A, 905 (1-2), 223-232, 2001.
*I.Hochel, G.Jenikova, C.F.Dursi, J.Pazlarova, S.Girotti, K.Demnerová.
“Application of Mouse Antibodies to Somatic Antigen for Detection of Salmonella enteritidis by Competitive ELISA”:
Food and Agricultural Immunology, 13, 115-126, 2001.
*M.Merighi, A.Sandrini, S.Landini, S.Ghini, S.Girotti, S.Malaguti, C.Bazzi.
"Chemiluminescent and colorimetric detection of Erwinia amylovora by immunoenzymatic determination of PCR
amplicons (PCR-ELISA) from plasmid pEA29".
Plant Disease, 84, 49-54, 2000.
*M.Fernández, Y.Picó, S.Girotti, J.Mañes.
“Analysis of organophosphorus pesticides in honeybee by liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical
ionization-mass spectrometry”.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 49, 3540-3547, 2001.
*S.Girotti, E.N.Ferri, L.Bolelli, G.Sermasi, F.Fini.
"Applications of bioluminescence in analytical chemistry".
In: “Chemiluminescence in Analytical Chemistry”, A.M.Garcia-Campaña, W.R.G.Baeyens, Editors, Marcel Dekker,
New York, 247-284, 2001.
1.Scientific Output
7.1 Publication Policy
Concerning publications, the policy of the Unit is:
-
To publish in the most important journals of Analytical Chemistry and Luminescence.
-
To communicate the research results at national and international conferences
The number and the quality of the Journal that accepted our papers (see Appendix 1) is increasing; many publications
are in the top category (AO) according to the “Osservatorio della Ricerca/Research Watch” of Bologna, based on the
Impact Factor values. The collaborations under way allow to publish in several Journals that differ in quality and area
of interest. This offer the possibility of a wider spread of the obtained results. One of the aims is to prepare Patents,
directly in collaborations with enterprises or ready to be acquired by them, like the Patent prepared in 2001 and
registered in the January 2002.
7.2 Numerical Data
Category
PhD Dissertation
Scientific publications
Professional
Publications
Master’s Thesis
1997
1998
1999
2000
5
2001
1
14
Total
1
37
5
7
6
1
7
6
12
5
31
131
8 Self-evaluation
As strengths of the Unit are to mention the scientific skills, the wide network of contacts and collaborations both at
national and international level, the ability to coordinate groups that can offer completely different skills. This
allow to reach actually applicative results that lead to another strength of this group, the collaboration with
Enterprises and Public bodies, doing not only academic research, but really applicative.
The collaboration network allow to overcome one of the weaknesses of the group, the need to involve several
fellows, PhD or Post-doc students because the deep lack of people officially employed by the University. The total
absence of technicians creates another point of weakness: all technical and bureaucratic problems must be solved
by the research staff members. This is, of course, time consuming, reducing the possibilities to start new
collaborations, then to obtain new funds. Moreover, is reduced the time devoted to research and specialization
stages, abroad or in Italy, very important to increase the skills of the group.
We hope that in the future the Unit will have the possibility to engage more researchers than students, to obtain
sponsorisation to research ideas already positively assessed at national or international level, overcoming the
established power of the lobbies present in the research field.
Appendix I
Scientific Output
I.1.1 Dissertations
Year
Name PhD-student
* 2001
Fini Fabiana
Supervisor
Development and application of luminescent methods (Stefano Girotti)
for the analysis of complex matrices
I.1.2 Master’s Thesis
(*) Star marks the items concerning the topics of INCA Consortium
1997
* 1998
* 1998
Danila Trampetti
Anna Paola Dalpero
Annalisa Sandrini
1998
1998
Mattia Muratori
Daniele Cantagalli
* 1998
Serena Landini
1998
1998
* 1999
Luca Bolelli
Francesca Ruffini
Simona Rossi
1999
Giovanni Maglia
1999
Di Leo Debora
* 1999
Sermasi Gloria
* 1999
Granetto Francesca
1999
Naio Elena
2000
Valerio Spinosi
Luminescent determination of superoxide dismutase
Extraction and determination of pesticides in honeybees
In vitro amplification of genomic sequences of Erwinia
amylovora and chemiluminescent detection of
hybridised DNA (PCR ELISA)
Luminescent analysis in the quality control of beer
Determination of the antioxidant capacity of complex
matrices using a bioluminescent assay
Analytical methods for Erwinia amylovora monitoring
in pollen: BIO-ELISA, DOT-BLOT PCR, and PCRELISA with chemiluminescent detection
Bioluminescent assay of micro-organisms in milk
Enzymatic determination of nitrites in beer
Methodological extraction problem in the determination
of pesticides in the honeybee matrix
Amplified chemiluminescence: study of the effects of 4bromophenyl-boronic-acid
Comparison of manual and automated method for the
total bacterial count in raw and pasteurized milk
Development of an immunochemiluminescent assay for
pesticides determination
The pollen in Erwinia amylovora monitoring: official
methods and immunoenzymatic advanced assay (PCRELISA) with chemiluminescent detection
Optical and electrochemical sensors for the
determination of ammonium and nitrites
Electrochemiluminescence for codeine determination in
biological fluids
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
132
* 2000
2000
* 2000
* 2000
2000
* 2000
* 2000
* 2000
2000
* 2000
* 2000
* 2001
* 2001
* 2001
2001
* 2001
D'Aurizio Mariangela
Maccagnani Luana
Bacteria bioluminescence: study of inhibitors
Validation of chemiluminescent methods for the
determination of antioxidant capacity in complex matrix
Marconi Luciana
Solid phase microextraction for pesticides determination
in the honeybee matrix: application to environmental
monitoring
Scurti Piero
Pesticides residues in fruit and vegetable: comparison of
analytical data to estimate possible cumulative and
synergetic effects
Tsafack
Takouking Study of new bioactive layers for the development of a
Valerie Carine
optical fibre based
biosensor: application to
electrochemiluminescent
and
chemiluminescent
detection of choline
Dursi
Cinzia- Development of a chemiluminescent method for the
Francesca
detection of pathogenic bacteria
Dallamotta Francesca Comparison of different Quality Control criteria for the
analytical performances of primary water samples
Lisa Zeri
Improvement of immunoenzymatic advanced systems
(PCR-ELISA) with chemiluminescent detection for the
detection of Erwinia amylovora in pollen and
application to precocious monitoring of fire blight
Raffaelli
Simonetta Quality Control in milk: comparison of different
Sabine
methods for the determination of alkaline phosphatase
Silvia Luppi
Application of chemiluminescent methods for the
determination of antioxidant capacity in complex
matrices
Gaspari Giorgia
Development of an immunochemiluminescent technique
for the determination of organochlorine pesticides
Adriana Vannella
Numerical simulations of bioluminescent reactions for
analytic purposes
Cristina Borrini
Pesticides determination in honeybees with solid phase
extraction techniques
Denise Giardini
Flow analysis with chemiluminescent detection for
lubricants determination in diesel fuels
Francesca Osti:
Development of miniaturised systems in analytic
chemistry: applications to protein determination
Ilaria Setti
Development of immunochemiluminescent assay for
carbamates pesticides determination
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti)
(Stefano Girotti).
(Stefano Girotti)
I-2 Overview of Scientific Publications (1997-2001) per year
(*) Star marks activities concerning the topics of INCA consortium.
1997
P.Rauch, E.Ferri, S.Girotti, H.Rauchova, G.Carrea, R.Bovara, F.Fini, A.Roda.
"A chemiluminescent flow sensing device for determination of choline and phospholipase D activity in biological
samples".
Analytical Biochemistry, 245, 133-140, 1997.
S.Girotti, E.Ferri, S.Ghini, A.Roda, P.Pasini, G.Carrea, R. Bovara, S.Lodi, G.Lasi, J.Navarro, P.Rauch.
"Luminescent techniques applied to food analysis".
Quimica Analitica, 16, Supplement I, S111-S117, 1997.
S.Girotti, E.N.Ferri, F.Fini, S.Righetti, L.Bolelli, R.Budini, G.Lasi, P.Roubal, L.Fukal, I.Hochel, P.Rauch.
“Determination of microbial contamination in milk by ATP assay”.
Potravinárské Vêdy (Czech Journal of Food Sciences), 15 (4), 241-248, 1997.
* S.Girotti, E.N.Ferri, S.Ghini, F.Fini, M.Musiani, G.Carrea, A.Roda, P.Rauch.
“Luminescent techniques applied to bioanalysis”.
Chemické Listy, 91 (7), 477-482, 1997.
133
* S.Girotti, E.Ferri, F.Fini, F.Zanetti, S.Stampi, A.Roda, R.Budini.
"ATP bioluminescence for the rapid assessment of wastewater and sludges microbial content".
In: A Practical Guide to Industrial Uses of ATP-Luminescence in Rapid Microbiology (Stanley, P. E., Smither, R. and
Simpson, W. J., Eds.), pp. 41-47, Cara Technology Ltd, Lingfield, Surrey, 1997.
1998
* A. Dvoráková, K. Demnerová, M. Macková, J. Pazlarová, P.Rauch, E.Ferri, S.Girotti.
“Microbial Nitrate Reductase: Classification and Determination.
Chemické Listy, 92 (1), 128-132, 1998.
* S.Girotti, F.Zanetti, E.Ferri, S.Stampi, F.Fini, S.Righetti, A.Roda, R.Budini.
"Wastewater and sludges: the rapid determination of microbial content by ATP bioluminescence".
Annali di Chimica, Journal of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, 88 (3-4), 291-298, 1998.
* F.Zanetti, S.Girotti, S.Stampi, F.Fini, G.De Luca, E.Ferri.
"Valutazione della contaminazione microbica dei fanghi mediante la determinazione chemiluminescente di ALP".
Annali di Igiene, 10 (4, Supplemento 2), 229, 1998.
* A.Roda, F.Piazza, P.Simoni, K.Afandi, F.Ruffini, D.Cantagalli, F.Fini, S.Girotti.
"I metodi immunometrici quantitativi nell'analisi ambientale tossicologica".
Ligand Assay, 3 (4), 155-166, 1998.
S.Girotti, F.Ruffini, D.Cantagalli, F.Fini, F.Piazza, P.Simoni, K.Afandi, A.Roda.
"Recenti applicazioni dei saggi immunologici negli alimenti".
Ligand Assay, 3 (4), 167-175, 1998.
* M.Merighi, A.Sandrini, S.Landini, S.Malaguti, C.Porrini, A.G.Sabatini, S.Girotti, S.Ghini, C.Bazzi.
"Automated detection of the plant pathogen Erwinia Amylovora by chemiluminescent immunoenzymatic determination
of PCR amplicons from pEA29: applications to diagnosis and epidemiology".
In: "Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence: Perspectives for the 21st Century" p. 504-507, A.Roda, M.Pazzagli,
L.J.Kricka and P.E.Stanley Editors, Wiley and Sons, Chichester, UK, 1998.
* A.P.Dalpero, S.Ghini, S.Girotti, C.Porrini, A.G.Sabatini.
"Detection of organophosphorous and carbamate pesticide residues by chemiluminescent enzymatic determination".
In: "Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence: Perspectives for the 21st Century" p. 540-543, A.Roda, M.Pazzagli,
L.J.Kricka and P.E.Stanley Editors, Wiley and Sons, Chichester, UK, 1998.
1999
* A.Roda, E.N.Ferri, S.Girotti, A.Ius, P.Rauch, M.Poplstein, M.Pospisil, P.Pipek, I.Hochel, L.Fukal.
“Determination of PAHs in various smoked meat products and different samples by enzyme immunoassay".
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 79, 58-62, 1999.
* T.Kuchta, I.Hapala, M.Mariássyová, D.Cantagalli, S.Girotti, (in Slovak).
"Luminometric determination of the antioxidative activity of natural colour concentrates-Luminometrické stanovenie
antioxidacnej aktivity koncentrátov prírodných farbív".
Bulletin of Food Research - Bulletin potravinarskeho vyskumu, 38 (2), 103-108, 1999.
S.Girotti, S.Lodi, E.Ferri, G.Lasi, F.Fini, S.Ghini, R.Budini.
"Chemiluminescent determination of Xanthine Oxidase activity in milk".
Journal of Dairy Research, 66, 441-448, 1999.
S.Girotti, E.N.Ferri, F.Fini, F.Ruffini, R.Budini, I.Moura, G.Almeida, C.Costa, J.J.G.Moura, G.Carrea.
"Enzymatic spectrophotometric determination of nitrites in beer".
Analytical Letters, 32 (11), 2217-2227, 1999.
F.Fini, G.Gallinella, S.Girotti, M.Zerbini, M.Musiani.
"Development of a chemiluminescence competitive PCR for the detection and quantification of Parvovirus B19 DNA
using a microplate luminometer".
Clinical Chemistry, 45 (9), 1391-1396, 1999.
134
* M.Merighi, S.Malaguti, C.Bazzi, A.Sandrini, S.Landini, S.Ghini, S.Girotti.
"Specific detection of Erwinia amylovora by immunoenzymatic determination of PCR products".
Acta Horticulturae, 489, 39-42, 1999.
2000
S.Girotti, M.Muratori, F.Fini, E.Ferri, G.Carrea, M.Korac, P.Rauch.
"Luminescent enzymatic flow sensor for D- and L-lactate assay in beer".
European Food Research and Technology - Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und -Forshung A, 210 (3), 216-219, 2000.
* M.Merighi, A.Sandrini, S.Landini, S.Ghini, S.Girotti, S.Malaguti, C.Bazzi.
"Chemiluminescent and colorimetric detection of Erwinia amylovora by immunoenzymatic determination of PCR
amplicons (PCR-ELISA) from plasmid pEA29".
Plant Disease, 84, 49-54, 2000.
S.Girotti, F.Fini, E.Ferri, R.Budini, S.Piazzi, D.Cantagalli.
"Determination of superoxide dismutase in erythrocytes by a chemiluminescent assay".
Talanta, 51 (4) 685-692, 2000.
* M.Bancirova, S.Girotti, J.Lasovský.
“Determination of reactive oxygen species based on chemiluminescence of CLA, FCLA and MCLA”.
CLSAC, Chemické Listy, 94 (9) 761, 2000.
* B.Micková, L.Karasová, L.Fukal, I.Hochel, P.Rauch, P.Gregor, J.Hajšlová, F.Fini, S.Girotti, A.Abad, J.J.Manclus,
J.V.Mercader, A.Montoya.
“Immunoassay of Organochlorine Pesticides”. Proceedings of “Chemical Reactions in Foods IV, 20-22 September
2000, Prague, Czech Republic, FECS-Event No.245.
Potravinárské Vêdy (Czech Journal of Food Sciences), 18, Special Issue, 266-267, 2000.
2001
* S.Girotti, F.Fini, P.Rauch, B.Micková, A.Abad, J.J.Manclus, A.Montoya.
“Development and application of chemiluminescent immunoassays in analytical chemistry”
Workshop “Environmental Biotechnology in Europe”, September, 30 - October 2, 2000, Salamanca, Spain,
Tempus/Phare Project Compact Measures Grant (CME-03617-97) “Environmental Issues in University Education”. J.
Káš and P Jenč, Eds., ICT Press Praha, CZ, page 9, 2001.
* L.Bolelli, F.Fini, S.Girotti, E.Carpenè, M.Musiani, G.Gentilomi.
“Bioluminescent bacteria: a versatile tool for environmental monitoring”.
* S.Girotti, S.Ghini, F.Fini, C.Porrini, A.G.Sabatini.
“Honey bees as bioindicators in environmental monitoring”.
* P.Rauch, B.Micková, L.Karasová, L.Fukal, A. P.Gregor, J.Hajšlová, F.Fini, S.Girotti, A. Abad, J.J. Manclus, J.V.
Mercader, Montoya.
“Development of enzyme immunoassay for organochlorine pesticides”.
* S.Rossi, A.P.Dalpero, S.Ghini, R.Colombo, A.G.Sabatini, S.Girotti.
“Multi residual method for Gas Chromatography analysis of pesticides in honeybees cleaned by gel permeation
chromatography”.
Journal of Chromatography A, 905 (1-2), 223-232, 2001.
135
* S.Girotti, E.N.Ferri, L.Bolelli, G.Sermasi, F.Fini.
"Applications of bioluminescence in analytical chemistry".
In: “Chemiluminescence in Analytical Chemistry”, A.M.Garcia-Campaña, W.R.G.Baeyens, Editors, Marcel Dekker,
New York, 247-284, 2001.
* S.Girotti, F.Fini, P.Rauch, B.Micková, L.Karasová, L.Fukal, A.Abad, J.J.Manclus, J.V.Mercader, A.Montoya.
“Chemiluminescent immunoassays for the detection of organochlorine pesticides”. In: "Bioluminescence and
Chemiluminescence2000" J.F.Case, P.J.Herring, B.H.Robison, S.H.D.Haddock, L.J.Kricka and P.E.Stanley Editors,
World Scientific Publishing Co., Singapore, 349-352, 2001.
* S.Girotti, E.Errani, P.Scurti.
“Esposizione dei consumatori della provincia di Bologna ai residui di fitofarmaci presenti con maggiore frequenza nella
dieta alimentare nel quadriennio 1996-1999”.
Bollettino Chimici Igienisti, 52, 43-49, 2001.
* I.Hochel, G.Jenikova, C.F.Dursi, J.Pazlarova, S.Girotti, K.Demnerová.
“Application of Mouse Antibodies to Somatic Antigen for Detection of Salmonella enteritidis by Competitive ELISA”:
Food and Agricultural Immunology, 13, 115-126, 2001.
* M.Fernández, C.Padrón, L.Marconi, S.Ghini, R.Colombo, A.G.Sabatini, S.Girotti.
“Determination of organophosphorus pesticides in honeybees using SPME”.
Journal of Chromatography A, 922, 257-265, 2001.
* M.Fernández, Y.Picó, S.Girotti, J.Mañes.
“Analysis of organophosphorus pesticides in honeybee by liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical
ionization-mass spectrometry”.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 49, 3540-3547, 2001.
D.Di Leo, S.Girotti, G.Lasi, S.Lodi.
“Una metodica automatizzata per un’analisi microbiologica”.
Qualificazione Industriale, Giugno, 55-57, 2001.
S.Rossi, R.Serra, R.Badiello, S.Girotti.
“Rischi degli studenti nei laboratori didattici di una Facoltà di Farmacia”.
Atti 7° Convegno di Igiene Industriale AIDII, Corvara, 21-23 Marzo 2001, R.Vistocco Editore, pag. 175-178, 2001.
* S.Girotti, L.Bolelli, F.Fini, M.Musiani, G.Gentilomi, G.Andreani, E.Carpené, G.Isani.
“I batteri bioluminescenti: uno strumento versatile per l'analisi dell’inquinamento marino”.
ATTI del XVI CONGRESSO NAZIONALE DI CHIMICA ANALITICA “Chimica Analitica e Scienze del Mare”,
Portonovo (AN) ,24-28 Settembre 2001, pag 260-261.
I-4
* European Patent n. 02425030.0 entitled “Detection of Listeria monocytogenes by the polymerase chain reaction”,
developed in the 2001, funded by the University of Bologna, registered on 28 January 2002 and granted to a
Company.
Appendix 3
Name of the Unit: Bologna 7
Research Director: Stefano Girotti
Years included: 1997-2001
Name of Journal
Number
articles
Analytical Letters
1
Talanta
1
Journal of Agricultural and Food 1
Chemistry
Factor
1.000
1.587
1.576
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Chemistry, Applied
Ranking
40/68
23/68
9/94
136
Food Science and Technology
Chemistry, Applied
Immunology
Toxicology
Biochemical Research Methods
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Chemistry, Applied
Medical Laboratory Technology
Journal of Dairy Research
1
Food
and
Agricultural 1
Immunology
1.374
0.825
2
2.793
Chemické Listy
3
Journal of the Science of Food 1
and Agriculture
0.317
1.160
Clinical Chemistry
1
European Food Research and 1
Technology
Plant Disease
1
Analytical Biochemistry
1
4.371
0.791
Quimica Analitica
1
0.303
Plant Sciences
48/134
Biochemical Research Methods
14/68
Biochemistry
and
Molecular
Biology
64/68
Annali di Chimica-Rome
1
0.394
1.163
2.019
12/94
38/94
6/68
95/118
22/94
1/24
41/94
60/68
Comments on:
a) the method: We used the JCR Science Edition 2001
b) the results: Several fields were interested according to the publication policy: Analytical Chemistry –Plant Science
– Food Science and Technology – Medical Laboratory Technology – Environmental Science – Multidisciplinary
Chemistry
137
BOLOGNA 6
BOLOGNA6
Research Leader
Prof. Claudio Trombini
University:
Contact Person
Claudio Trombini
Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”
via Selmi 2, I-40126, Bologna (Italy)
Phone: 051 2099513
Fax: 051 2099456
Faculty:
Scienze Matematiche Fisiche e Naturali
Mathematical, Physical and Natural Science
Department:
Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”
Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”
Thematic area
• Sustainable chemistry (solvents,
catalysis, recycling and others).
photochemistry,
• Chemistry of the Ecosistems (soil, water and air
chemistry; environmental impact of synthetic chemicals).
The whole research activities of our unit will be reported. Emphasis will be given on aspects related to thematic areas
of INCA (italics).
whole University currently counts about 900 professors, 1000 associated professors, 1050 researchers and more than
100000 students. It is divided in 19 Faculties, 65 Departments, 5 Federated Departments (“Unità Complesse”), 3
subject areas: a)Agriculture; b) Economics; c) Education and Humanities; d) Engineering; e) Industrial Chemistry, f)
Law; g) Literature and Philosophy; h) Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences; i) Medicine; l) Pharmacy; m)
The Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences is one of the most complex Faculty of the entire
Athenaeum since it embraces scientific disciplines going from mathematic to chemistry, from physic to computer
science, from geology to biology and biotechnologies, from natural sciences to astronomy, from environmental sciences
to the technologies for the conservation and the restoration of the cultural heritage. The Faculty supplies therefore a
wide didactic offer, justified by the numerous competences that in it operate and in it are developed. The didactic
activity is developed totally in the Departments, structures devoted to the organization of the scientific activity, but
which carry out a fundamental role in the education of the students. There are seven Departments in the Faculty of
Sciences: the Department of Astronomy, of Biology, the Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", the Department of
Physics, the Department of Mathematics, the Department of Geological Sciences, the Department of Sciences of the
Information, the Department of General Pathology. In addition, in Ravenna is active the Interdepartmental Center of
Environmental Science.
138
The Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician” derives from the same Institute which, in turn, can be ascribed to the first
Chemistry chair in Italy, founded in Bologna in 1737. The Course of Bachelor in Chemistry of the Faculty of
Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences of the University of Bologna offers to its own students the proper
instruments in order to gain access to the various fields of Chemistry: from new materials to bioactive compounds, from
fundamental research to the environmental control.
The Course of Bachelor in Environmental Sciences - the first in Italy – was founded in Ravenna by the University of
Bologna in 1989/90. The student graduated in Environmental Sciences has a deep knowledge of classic scientific
disciplines (mathematics/informatics, physics, chemistry, biology/ecology, earth sciences). In its curriculum are present
courses in law, economics, assessment of environmental impact as well as experimental trans-disciplinar activities. He
is an expert who, beyond possessing an excellent environmental sistemic culture, is in the position to estimate or
manage environmental processes and ecosystems.
Professional and research training of graduates may be further on completed via:
1.PhD Course in “Environmental Science: control and management of natural resources” (3 years).
2.Master in “Marine pollution management” (1 year)
3.Master in “Law of the environmental and cultural heritage” (1 year)
The Unit
The research unit is composed by Professors and Researchers of the Chemistry Department “G. Ciamician”, working in
the Course of Bachelor in Chemistry and of Environmental Sciences (Ravenna). In detail, the research unit is composed
by two Full Professors, one Associate Professor and three Researchers. The research activity of the unit has been
centered in the last decade on organometallic chemistry and, particularly, on the field of catalysis and reaction
mechanism.
The administrative staff of the Department of Chemistry will take care of the administrative part.
The components of the research unit are in charge of the following courses of the Degree in Chemistry and in
Environmental Sciences:
1.Organic Chemistry III (Chemistry)
2.Applied Organic Chemistry (Chemistry)
3.Organic Chemistry Lab III (Chemistry)
4.Organic Chemistry (Environmental Sciences)
5.Green Chemistry (Environmental Sciences)
6.Chemistry of Marine Natural Substances (Environmental Sciences)
7.Organic Chemistry (Cultural heritage preservation diagnostics)
Moreover, the unit is involved in the teaching activity of Masters and Ph.D. courses.
1
Title
New methodologies for the development of eco-compatible processes and for the study of natural processes.
2
Research Leader
Prof. Claudio Trombini
2a
Organometallic chemistry applied to the development of sustainable processes. (Leader: Prof. A.Umani-Ronchi)
Atmospheric processes of the organic fraction (Leader: Prof. E. Tagliavini)
3
Names and Titles
Claudio Trombini
Year
Birth
1949
of Rank
Full Professor
Research Input Remarks
in fte in 2001
0.2
Research Leader
139
Achille Umani-Ronchi
Emilio Tagliavini
Marco Bandini
Paola Galletti
Marco Lombardo
4
1936
1954
1973
1969
1969
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.4
1.8
Sub-programme leaders
Sub-programme leaders
Category
Full Professors
Ricercatori
Post-docs
PhD-students
Borsisti
Total
5
Funding
5.1
Personnel (in fte)
Source
University
CNR
European Union
Other Sponsors
Total
5.2
Full Professor
Associate Professor
Researcher
Researcher
Researcher
1997
0.4
0.2
1.2
1998
0.4
0.2
1.2
1999
0.4
0.2
1.2
2000
0.4
0.2
1.2
2001
0.4
0.2
1.2
Total
2.0
1.0
6.0
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
9.0
1997
1.8
1998
1.8
1999
1.8
2000
1.8
2001
1.8
Total
9.0
1999
256000000
5000000
4000000
265000000
2000
55000000
10000000
65000000
2001
63000000
10000000
73000000
Total
606000000
50000000
60000000
716000000
Source
University - MURST
CNR
EU
Other Sponsors
Total
6.
Progress Report
6.1
Mission Statement
1997
185000000
20000000
13000000
218000000
1998
47000000
25000000
23000000
95000000
The research unit is primarly involved in:
1) the development of new synthons and catalysts in order to improve the stereocontrol and the efficiency in
the preparation of useful intermediates for the synthesis of bioactive compounds.
2) The development of new synthetic eco-friendly methodologies through the use of less hazardous
procedures, of alternative solvents, including water, and of different energy sources.
3) The stereoselectivity optimisation through a deep analysis of its dependance from temperature and from
the solvent, or mixture of solvents, composition.
4) Atmospheric chemistry studies on the volatile or suspended organic component.
The results will be used by the international scientific community active in the field of synthetic chemistry, fine
chemicals and pharmaceuticals on one hand, and by the locals government authorities and public environmental
managers, responsible of the urban air quality control.
6.2
140
The interests of the research unit focus on two main topics: A) process development and optimization in organic
synthesis according to the main strategies of green chemistry; B) studies of environmental processes.
As refers to the field of organic synthesis (section A), the unit efforsts are centered on:
1.optimization of catalytic processes and/or transformation of stoichiometric processes based on ecotoxic
metals into catalytic processes, particularly in the field of enantioselective reactions;
2.integration of multistep sequences into one-pot multicomponent processes;
3.development of clean routes to new organometallic reagents;
4.analysis of the effect of temperature and of solvent on stereo and regiochemistry for optimization
purposes.
As refers to the topic of environmental chemistry, the efforts of the unit have been focused on:
1.the role of mono, di and polycarboxylic acids in determining the formation of cloud droplets in the
atmosphere;
2.the interaction of semivolatile organic compounds, particularly of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,
with particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) and with vegetation.
Examples of the most important recent achievements on the previous activities by the research unit are here
summarized:
1.development of an enantioselective catalytic version of the Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi reaction for the
asymmetic synthesis of homoallylic alcohols via allyl chromium complexes and carbonyl compounds.
Stoichiometric Cr(II) has been replaced by a catalytic amount of Cr(III) by the in situ generation of the
active species exploiting the redox couple Cr(III)-Mn°. Carrying out the reaction in the presence of chiral
ligands, such as Jacobsen’s salen, an excellent control of absolute configurations of the newly formed
stereogenic centers has been obtained.
2.Three new synthetic protocols based on boron chemistry have been developed which allow the synthesis
of substituted, noncrotylic, homoallylic alcohols by the integration in a one-pot sequence of five different
steps;
3.Two new synthetic protocols to 1-en-3,4-diols have been developed starting from 3-halo-enolesters,
indium or zinc under Barbier conditions. Particularly, water replaces aprotic solvents, thus fulfilling one
of the main principles of green chemistry which calls for reducing toxic or dangereous wastes.
4.A number of systematic studies on model reactions have been carried out in order to carefully evaluate
both the effect of temperature on a large range of values and the effect of solvent or solvent composition
on the regio and stereochemical outcome of nucleophilic addition to carbonyl compounds and their
azomethyne derivatives.
v) a complete picture of the biogeochemical study of mercury released in 20 years of industrial activity into a
coastal lagoon, in the sediment and in the biota of this aquatic ecosystem.
6.3
C.I.N.M.P.I.S. “Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per le Metodologie e Processi Innovativi di Sintesi”
Comune di Ravenna, Assessorato all’Ambiente
Provincia di Ravenna
CNR-ISAO, Enichem, INCA, RIBBON s.r.l. Pharmaceutical and Chemical Products, PHARMABIOS Pavia.
COST D12
6.4
The relevance of the unit research area is on one hand strictly connected to the general principles of green chemistry
and to their applications to organic synthesis (catalysis, low environmental impact processes, integration one-pot of
multistep sequences, optimization studies), on the other hand is determined by the importance of gain information on
atmospheric transformations and processes.
141
The impact of the research unit activity is clearly demonstrated by the exam of its scientific production which allows
to emphasize both the strategic goals and the results of clear interest for the scientific community. Within the frame of
our strategic guidelines are represented by optimization of economic factors (yield, stereocontrol, integration one-pot of
multistep processes, molecular design of new and more effiecient synthons and catalysts), emphasis is also directed to
the development of low-energy consuming processes with minimum environmental externalities.
On the environmental side, a relevant contribution was offered by an innovative study on the mechanisms of formation
of clouds droplets in the atmosphere, promoted by carboxylic and polycarboxylic acids.
Furthermore, an almost complete description of the environmental status of a coastal lagoon impacted by severe
inductrial pollution (particularly mercury) has been obtained, which represents a fundamental knowledge basis for
planning future remediation projects.
6.5
Major scientific honours:
Prof. Achille Umani-Ronchi: 2001. Premio alla Ricerca awarded from the Division of Organic Chemistry of the Italian
Chemical Society.
Dr. Marco Bandini: 2002. GICO Prize for young scientists awarded from the Italian Chemical Society.
6.6
Key Publications
1)
R. Girotti, M. Lombardo, S. Morganti, C. Trombini
“The First Zinc-Promoted, Environmentally Friendly, and Highly Efficient Acetoxyallylation of Aldehydes in
aq Ammonium Chloride”
Chem. Comm., 2001, 2310-2311.
2)
Bandini, Pier Giorgio Cozzi, Paolo Melchiorre, Achille Umani Ronchi
"The first catalytic enantioselective nozaki-hiyama reaction"
Angew. Chem. Int. Edit Eng, 1999, 38, 3357-3359
3)
G. Cainelli, D. Giacomini, P. Galletti, P. Orioli
“Solvation of the Carbonyl Compound as a Predominant Factor in the Diastereofacial Selectivity of a
Nucleophilic Addition”
Angew. Chem. Int. Edit Eng, 2000, 39, 523-527.
4)
C. McRae, C. E. Snape, C.-G. Sun, D. Fabbri, D. Tartari, C. Trombini, A. E. Fallick
“Use of compound-specific stable isotope analysis to source anthropogenic natural gas-derived polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons in a Lagoon sediments”
Environmental Science and Technology, 2000, 34, 4684-4686.
5)
Decesari, S; Facchini, MC; Matta, E; Lettini, F; Mircea, M; Fuzzi, S; Tagliavini, E; Putaud, JP
”Chemical features and seasonal variation of fine aerosol water-soluble organic compounds in the Po Valley,
Italy”
Atmospheric Environment, 35(21), 2001, pp. 3691 – 3699
7.
Scientific Output
7.1
Publication Policy
The research unit publication policy aims to:
1.publish the research results on high rank (impact factor) international journals, in the field of synthetic
organic chemistry, applied chemistry, catalysis and environmental chemistry.
2.Present the research results on the most qualified national and international symposia, particularly in the
field of synthetic organic chemistry, organometallic chemistry, catalysis and environmental chemistry.
7.2
Numerical data
Category
PhD-Dissertations
1997
-
1998
-
1999
2
2000
2
2001
2
Total
6
16
15
13
17
20
81
Master’s Theses
4
7
3
8
2
24
142
8
Self-evaluation
The scientific output is charactyerized by a high quali and quantitative standard, and most of the publications may be
located in frontier areas of modern chemistry. Future potential will further on improve when the unit will move to new
modern buildings which are expected to be ready in a few years, thus leaving the disconfort of the present condition.
Appendix I
Scientific Output
I-1
I.1.1 Dissertations
Supervisor
1999, Paola Galletti, “Stereoselective Synthesis of Biological Active Molecules” (Prof. G. Cainelli)
1999, Marco Lombardo, “Isoxazolidines as Latent Functionalities: Synthesis and Applications” (Prof. C. Trombini)
2000, Sonia Casolari, “Nucleophilic Additions Catalysed by Chiral Lewis Acids: High Efficiency in the
Stereocontrolled Synthesis of C-C Bonds“ (Prof. E. Tagliavini)
2000, Marco Bandini, “Asymmetric Reactions Promoted by Chiral Catalysers” (Prof. A. Umani-Ronchi)
2001, Stefano Decesari, “Studies on the Atmospheric Organic Aerosol: Composition, Sources and Chemical-Physical
Properties”, (Prof. E. Tagliavini)
2001, Ivano Vassura, , “Studies on the Industrial Pollution in a Industrial Lagoon Area of Ravenna” (Prof. C.
Trombini)
I.1.2
Master's Thesis
Year
1997-1998, Emiliano Castiglioni, “Synthesis of Nitrogen Containing Heterocycles Starting from Nitrones”, Prof.
Claudio Trombini
1997-1998, Lorenzo Gaddoni, “Hydroboration of Propargylic Compounds: a New Synthesis of Allylboranes”, Prof.
Claudio Trombini
1997-1998, Michelangelo Marsili, “Optimization of a Protocol for the Biomonitoring of Incinerator Emissions”, Prof.
Claudio Trombini
1997-1998, Meri de Angelis, “Boranes Enantioselective Reduction of Carbonyl Compounds Promoted by Chiral BisOxazolines”, Prof. Achille Umani-Ronchi
1998-1999, Milena Stracquadanio, “Studies on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Atmospheric Pollution in an
Industrial Site of Ravenna”, Prof. Claudio Trombini
1998-1999, Serena Fabbroni, “Synthesis and Application of Optically Active Polyhydroxylated Pyrrolidines”, Prof.
Claudio Trombini
1998-1999, Andrea Neri, “Theoretical and Experimental Studies on Reactivity of Quaternary Borate Ions”, Prof.
Claudio Trombini
1998-1999, Cristian Soncini, “Synthesis of New Cephalosporins”, Prof. Achille Umani-Ronchi
1998-1999, Alfonso Melloni, “Use of New Chiral Catalysts for the Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation”, Prof. Achille
Umani-Ronchi
1998-1999, Roberta Tino, “Enantioselective Formation of Carbon-Carbon Bonds Using Cr-Salen”, Prof. Achille
Umani-Ronchi
1998-1999, Stefano Morganti, “Stereoselctive Studies on Pinacolic Reaction of Carbonyl Compounds”, Prof. Achille
Umani-Ronchi
1999-2000, Laura Sgreccia, “Catalytic Oxidoreduction Reactions Promoted by Titanium Complexes”, Prof. Achille
Umani-Ronchi
1999-2000, Barbara Roda, “Addition Reactions of Allylchromium to Imines Using Chiral Ligands”, Prof. Achille
Umani-Ronchi
1999-2000, Arianna Quintavalla, “Enantioselective Addition of Crotylhalides and Bromoesters to Carbonyl
Compounds in the Presence of Chiral Chromium Complexes”, Prof. Achille Umani-Ronchi
143
2000-2001, Rugiada Girotti, “Organic Chemistry Applications of Heterofunctionalized Indium and Zinc Allylic
Compounds”, Prof. Claudio Trombini
2000-2001, Massimo Tozzi, “New Applications of Organoboron Compounds in Organic Synthesis”, Prof. Claudio
Trombini
2000-2001, Massimo Giacobini, “Formation of New Carbon-Carbon Bonds Catalyzed by Indium Salts”, Prof. Achille
Umani-Ronchi
2000-2001, Sebastiano Licciulli, “Enantioselective Addition of Functionalized Allylhalides to Aldehydes Using CrSalen”, Prof. Achille Umani-Ronchi
2000-2001, Paolo Angelucci, “Additive Effect On Facial Diastereoselectivity”, Dott. Paola Galletti
2000-2001, Giancarlo Trani, “Lewis Acids Mediated Syntheses of 4-Alkyliden-Azetidin-2-Ones”, Dott. Paola Galletti
2000-2001, Elisa Bertoletti, “Synthesis Of Novel Azetidin-2-Ones For The Development Of Enzymatic Inhibitors”,
Dott. Paola Galletti
2000-2001, Ilaria Giordano, “Solvent And Temperature Dynamic Effects On Diels-Alder Reactions”, Dott. Paola
Galletti
2001-2002, Francesca D’Ambrosio, “Study on the Acetoxyallylation of Carbonyl Compounds”, Prof. Claudio
Trombini
2001-2002, Rosa Prati, “Temperature and Solvent Effect in Chemical and Enzymatic Reactions”, Dott. Paola Galletti
I-2
1997
F. Degiorgis, M. Lombardo, C. Trombini
“Synthesis of 3-O-Benzyl-3,7-imino-1,3,6,7-tetradeoxy-L-manno-heptitol and of 3-O-Benzyl-3,7-imino-1,3,6,7tetradeoxy-D-gluco-heptitol”
Organic Preparations & Procedures International 1997, 29, 485-488.
D. D. Dhavale, V. N. Desai, M. D. Sindkhedkar, R. S. Mali, C. Castellari, C. Trombini
“A new route to aminosugars from sugar nitrones: synthesis of 6-deoxynojirimycin”
Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 1997, 8, 1475-1486.
A. Fiumana, M. Lombardo, C. Trombini
“Synthesis and Iodocyclization of Homoallylic Hydroxylamines”
Journal of Organic Chemistry 1997, 62, 5623-5626.
“A Nitrone Based Route to Polyhydroxylated Lactams and Piperidines: An Expeditious Synthesis of rac-Fagomine”
Synthesis, 1997, 1243-1245.
“Synthesis of Four Stereoisomers of 5-Amino-2,5-dideoxy-heptono-1,5-lactams”
Tetrahedron, 1997, 53, 11721-11730.
P.G. Cozzi, P. Orioli, E. Tagliavini, A. Umani-Ronchi.
"Enantioselective Allylation of Aldehydes Promoted by Chiral Zinc Bis(Oxazoline) Complexes."
Tetrahedron Letters 1997, 38, 145-148.
C.M. Bellucci, A. Bergamini, P.G. Cozzi, A. Papa, E. Tagliavini, A. Umani-Ronchi. "Catalytic Asymmetric
Synthesis of Secondary Alcohols Using Chiral cis-1-Amino-2-Hydroxy-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene as Chiral
Ligand."
Tetrahedron:Asymmetry 1997, 8, 895-902.
P.G. Cozzi, E. Tagliavini, A. Umani-Ronchi.
"Enantioselective Addition of Allylic Silanes and Stannanes to Aldehydes mediated by Chiral Lewis Acid"
Gazzetta Chimica Italiana 1997, 127, 247-253.
P.G. Cozzi, G.P. Prati, A. Umani-Ronchi
"New Easily Accesible Chiral Indole Ligands"
Gazzetta Chimica Italiana, 1997, 127, 403-405.
144
S. Casolari, P.G. Cozzi, P. Orioli, E. Tagliavini, A. Umani-Ronchi.
"Chiral-achiral ligand synergy: activation of a Zirconium-BINOL Lewis acid Complex by Addition of a tertButylcalix[4]arene"
Chemical Communications, 1997, 2123-2124.
E. Tagliavini, C. Trombini, A. Umani-Ronchi
"Stereoselective Synthesis Based on Zinc and Boron Enolates", in Advances in Carbanion Chemistry,
JAI Press Inc, London , 1997, Vol.2, vol. pp 111-146,
G. Cainelli, D. Giacomini, P. Galletti, M. DaCol
“Penicillin G Acylase mediated Synthesis of the Enantiopure (S)-3-Amino-Azetidin-2-one”
Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 1997, 8, 3231-3235
G. Cainelli, M. DaCol, P. Galletti, D. Giacomini
“Ruthenium Catalyzed Oxidation of 3-amino-?-Lactams”
SynLetters 1997, 8, 923.
G. Cainelli, D. Giacomini, P. Galletti
“Synthesis of N-(Tri-i-propylsilyl)-and N-(t-Butyldimethylsilyl)aldimines and Their Application in the Synthesis of ?Lactams ”
Synthesis 1997, 8, 886-890.
Braga D; Angeloni A; Grepioni F; Tagliavini E
Organic-Organometallic Crystal Synthesis .2. Organic Frameworks Constructed Around [(eta(5)-C5H5)(2)Co](assisted O-H-Center-Dot-Center-Dot-Center-Dot-O and C-H-Center-Dot-Center-Dot-Center-Dot-O Hydrogen-Bonds()
via Charge)
Organometallics, 1997, 16, 5478 – 5485.
A. Bottoni; A. Costa; D. Ditommaso; I. Rossi; E. Tagliavini
New Computational And Experimental-Evidence For The Mechanism Of The Sakurai Reaction
Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1997, 119, 12131 – 12135.
1998
M.Gianotti, M.Lombardo, C.Trombini
“Trimethylsilyl Triflate Promoted Addition of Allyltributylstannane to Aldonitrones; One-pot Synthesis of 5Iodomethylisoxazolidines.”
Tetrahedron Letters, 1998, 39, 1643-1646.
D.Fabbri, O.Felisatti, M.Lombardo, C.Trombini, I.Vassura
“The Lagoon of Ravenna (Italy): Characterisation of mercury-contaminated sediments”
The Science of the Total Environment, 1998, 213, 121-128.
M. Lombardo, C. Trombini
“One-pot multicomponent reactions”
Seminars in Organic Synthesis, XXIII Summer School “A.Corbella”, S.C.I.. 1998, pp.7-32.
M. Lombardo, S. Spada, C. Trombini
“A route to (2α,3?,4?)-(±)-(hydroxymethyl)3,4-pyrrolidinediol based on the ?-silyloxy-allylation of a glycolaldehydederived nitrone”
European Journal of Organic Chemistry 1998, 1, 2361-2364.
L. Gaddoni, M. Lombardo, C. Trombini
“One-pot three-component route to anti-homoallylic alcohols based on the hydroboration of propargyl bromide”
D. Fabbri, C. Trombini, I. Vassura
“Analysis of polystyrene in polluted sediments by pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry”
Journal of Chromatographic Science, 1998, 36, 600-604.
145
P.G. Cozzi, E. Tagliavini, A. Umani-Ronchi.
"Enantio and diastereoselective addition of organometallic reagents to aldehydes and imines."
Proceedding of the ICOS conference., Plenum Press. 1998, 230-238
M. Contento, M. Da Col, P. Galletti, S. Sandri, A. Umani-Ronchi
"A facile synthesis of Chephem side chains by Palladium catalyzed cross-coupling of 3-substituted-??-chephems
with dialkylzinc or vinyltributyl tin"
Tetrahedron Letters, 1998, 42, 8743-8749
M. Bandini, P.G. Cozzi, L. Negro, A. Umani-Ronchi
"Enantioselective reduction of ketones with triethoxysilane catalized by chiral bis-oxazoline titanium
complexes"
Chemical Communications, 1998, 2115-2116
“N, N-Dibenzyloxycarbonyl-glycylchloride as useful Ketene Equivalent in the Synthesis of Azetidin-2-one”
SynLetters 1998, 6, 611.
D. Giacomini, P. Galletti
“Enantioselective Reductions by Chiral Hydride Reagents”
in Seminars in Organic Synthesis, Summer School “A. Corbella”, S. C. I. 1998.
“Practical Synthesis of a Key Intermediate to Produce ?-Lactam Antibiotics”
Tetrahedron Letters 1998, 42, 7779.
D. Braga; F. Grepioni; E. Tagliavini; Jj. Novoa; F. Mota
C-H-Center-Dot-Center-Dot-Center-Dot-O Hydrogen-Bonds In The Mixed-Valence Salt [(Eta(6)-C6h6)(2)Cr](-) And
The Breakdown Of The Length()[Cro3(Och3)]()Strength Analogy/
New Journal of Chemistry, 1998, 22, 755 – 757.
D. Braga; A. Angeloni; E. Tagliavini; F. Grepioni
Crystal engineering via negatively charged o-h-center-dot-center-dot-center-dot-o- and charge-assisted c-h-delta-dotcenter-dot-center-dot-o(delta-) hydrogen bonds from the reaction of [co(eta(5)-c5h5)(2)][oh]with polycarboxylic
acids(center)
Journal
of
the
Chemical
Society.
Dalton
Transactions,
1998,
1961
–
1968.
C. Alvisi; S. Casolari; A. Costa; M. Ritiani; E. Tagliavini
Addition of Dialkylzinc to Ketones in the Presence of Silylating Agents - Synthesis of Functionalized Tertiary Silyl
Ethers
Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1998, 63, 1330 – 1333.
1999
O. Cattani, D. Fabbri, M. Salvati, C. Trombini, I. Vassura
“Active biomonitoring in a coastal mercury-polluted wetland by traslocation of bivalve molluscs”
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 1999, 18, 1801-1805.
Marco Bandini, Pier Giorgio Cozzi, Achille Umani Ronchi
"Highly diastereoselective Pinacol coupling of aldehydes catalyzed by Titanium-Schiff base complexes"
Marco Bandini, Pier Giorgio Cozzi, Lucia Negro, Achille Umani Ronchi
"Enantioselective reduction of ketones with triethoxysilane catalyzed by chiral bis-oxazoline titanium
complexes"
Chemical Communications, 1999, 39-40
Marco Bandini, Pier Giorgio Cozzi, Paolo Melchiorre, Achille Umani Ronchi
"The first catalytic enantioselective Nozaki-Hiyama reaction"
146
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Eng. 1999, 38, 3357-3359
Marco Bandini, Pier Giorgio Cozzi, Achille Umani Ronchi, Marzia Villa
"Diastereoselective addition of higher order cuprates and zinc-copper reagents to imines derived from (S)-1phenylethylamine"
Tetrahedron, 1999, 55, 8103-8110
Marco Bandini, Pier Giorgio Cozzi, Achille Umani Ronchi
"Asymmetric synthesis with "Privileged Ligands" - The challenge to realize the synthesis of enentiomeric pure
compounds on industrial scale"
La Chimica e L'Industria, 1999, 81, 201-211
Pier Giorgio Cozzi, Emilio Tagliavini and Achille Umani Ronchi
"Enantio and diastereoselective addition of organometallic reagents to aldehydes and imines"
Kluwer Academic - Plenum Publishers, 1999,239-246
“Reversal Diastereofacialselectivity in the n-Butyllithium Addition to O-protected N-trimethylsilylimines of (2S)Lactal: Enthalpic versus Entropic Contributions”
European Journal of Organic Chemistry 1999, 61.
“Temperature and Solvent Effects in Facial Diastereoselectivity of Nucleophilic Addition: Entropic and Enthalpic
contribution ”
Chemical Communications, Feature Article, 1999, 567.
"Synthesid of ?-lactams via[2+2] cycloaddition reactions"
in Seminars in Organic Synthesis, Summer School “A. Corbella”, S. C. I. 1999.
S. Casolari, D. D'Addario, E. Tagliavini
BINOL-Ti-catalyzed synthesis of tertiary homoallylic alcohols: The first catalytic asymmetric allylation of ketones
Organic Letters, 1999, 1, 1061 – 1063.
D. Braga, F. Paganelli, E. Tagliavini; S. Casolari, G. Cojazzi, F. Grepioni
The remarkable behavior of crystalline [Fe(eta(5)-C5H4CHO)(2)]: Two solid-to-solid phase transitions and a solidstate reaction
Organometallics, 1999, 18, 4191 – 4196
2000
M. Lombardo, C .Trombini
“Trimethylsilyltriflate-promoted addition of 2-trimethylsilyloxyfuran to a chiral cyclic nitrone; a short synthesis of
1S(1?,2?,7?,8?,8a?)]-1,2-di(t-butyldiphenylsilyloxy)-indolizidine-7,8-diol”
Tetrahedron, 2000, 56, 323-326.
M. Lombardo, C. Trombini
“Nucleophilic additions to nitrones”
Synthesis, 2000, 759-774.
D. Fabbri, D. Tartari, C. Trombini
“Analysis of poly(vinyl chloride) and other polymers in sediments and suspended matter of a coastal lagoon by
pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry”
Analytica Chimica Acta, 2000, 413, 3-11.
M.Lombardo, S. Morganti, C.Trombini
“The hydroboration of propargyl bromide. Simple one-pot three-component routes to (Z)-1-bromo-alk-1-en-4-ols and
to anti-homoallylic alcohols”
147
Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2000, 65, 8767-8773.
C. McRae, C. E. Snape, C.-G. Sun, D. Fabbri, D. Tartari, C. Trombini, A. E. Fallick
“Use of compound-specific stable isotope analysis to source anthropogenic natural gas-derived polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons in a Lagoon sediments”
Environmental Science and Technology, 2000, 34, 4684-4686.
M. Bandini, P.G. Cozzi, M. de Angelis and A. Umani-Ronchi
"Zinc triflate-bis-oxazoline complexes as chiral catalysts: enantioselective reduction of ?-alkoxy-ketones with
catecholborane"
M. Bandini, S. Casolari, P.G. Cozzi, G. Proni, E. Schmohel, G.P. Spada, E. Tagliavini, A. Umani-Ronchi
"Synthesis and characterization of new enantiopure 7,7'-disubstituted 2,2'-dihydroxy-1,1'binaphthyls: useful
ligands for the asymmetric allylation reaction of aldehydes"
European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2000, 491-497
M. Bandini, P.G. Cozzi and A. Umani-Ronchi
"Salens chiral activator: anti versus syn switchable diastereoselection in the enentioselective addition of crotyl bormide
to aromatic aldehydes"
Angewandte Chemie. Int. Ed. Eng, 2000, 39, 2327-2330
"The first catalytic enantioselective Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi reaction"
Polyhedron, 2000, 19, 537
“A Total Synthesis of (1R, 5R)-3-phenylmethyl-4-thia-2,6-diazabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-en-7-one, a Useful Intermediate
for the preparation of Penem and Cepham Derivatives”
Synthesis, 2000, 2, 289-294.
G. Cainelli, P. Galletti, D. Giacomini, P. Orioli
“Carbonyl Compound Solvation as a Predominant Factor in Diastereofacial Selectivity of Nucleophilic Addition”
Angewandte Chemie, Int. Ed.Eng. 2000, 39, 523-527.
“Solvent and Temperature effects on facial diastereoselectivity”
in "The Chemistry at the beginning of the III millenium" Springer-Verlag Ed. 2000, 139-160.
G. Cainelli, P. Galletti, D. Giacomini, P. Orioli, M. A. Polidoro, M. C. Righetti
"Bulyllithium addition to ?-chiral compounds: solvent mixture effects on diastereofacial selectivity"
Helvetica Chimica Acta, 2000, 83, 1951-1961
G. Cainelli, D. Giacomini, P. Galletti, P. Orioli, F. Paradisi
"Diastereofacial Selectivity of O-Protected ?-Hydroxy Aldehydes: Temperature and Solvent Effect"
European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2000, 3619-3626.
G. Cainelli, V. De Matteis, P. Galletti, D. Giacomini, P. Orioli
"Temperature and solvent effects on enzyme stereoselectivity: inversion temperature in kinetic resolutions with lipases"
Chemical Communications 2000, 2351-2352.
S. Decesari, M.C. Facchini, S. Fuzzi, E. Tagliavini
Characterization of water-soluble organic compounds in atmospheric aerosol: A new approach
Journal of Geophysical Research - Atmospheres, 2000, 105(D1), 1481 – 1489
F. Bernardi, A. Bottoni, S. Casolari, E. Tagliavini
Zirconium tetrachloride-formaldehyde sigma-complexes: A computational and spectroscopic investigation
Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2000, 65, 4783 – 4790
148
2001
M. Lombardo, S. Fabbroni, C. Trombini
“Entropy-Controlled Selectivity in the Vinylation of a Cyclic Chiral Nitrone. An Efficient Route to Enantiopure
Polyhydroxylated Pyrrolidines”
Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2001, 66, 1264-1268.
M. Marsili, M. Stracquadanio, C. Trombini, I. Vassura
“The epicuticular wax of Laurus nobilis leaves as a passive sampler of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient
air”
Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 2001, 10, 26-30.
D. Fabbri, S. Gemelli, L. Langone, S. Miserocchi, C. Trombini, I. Vassura
“Anthropogenically Derived Mercury in Sediments of Pialassa Baiona, Ravenna, Italy”
Annali di Chimica 2001, 91, 563-575.
D. Fabbri, C. Trombini, I. Vassura
“Reading the Chronicle of Past Industrial Pollution in the Sediments of a Coastal Lagoon (Pialassa Baiona, Ravenna)”
Chimica & Industria (Milano), 2001, 83(3), e2/1-e2/4, 2001.
M. Lombardo, S.Morganti, C.Trombini,
“The Hydroboration of Propargyl Chloride: a Flexible One-pot Three Component Process easily Directed towards the
Synthesis of (E)-homoallylic alcohols or anti-homoallylic alcohols”
SynLetters, 2001, 601-604.
D. Fabbri, M. Lombardo, C. Trombini, I. Vassura, E. Zavoli, M. Horvat
“Mercury Contamination of a Coastal Lagoon (Pialassa Baiona, Ravenna, Italy)”
RMZ-Materials & Geoenvironment, 2001, 48, 186-192.
D. Fabbri, G. Gabbianelli, C. Locatelli, D. Lubrano, C. Trombini, I. Vassura
“Distribution of Mercury and Other Heavy Metals in Core Sediments of the Northern Adriatic Sea”
Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 2001, 129, 143-153.
“A New Protocol for the Acetoxyallylation of Aldehydes Mediated by Indium in THF”
Organic Letters, 2001, 3, 2981-2983.
“The First Zinc-Promoted, Environmentally Friendly, and Highly Efficient Acetoxyallylation of Aldehydes in aq
Ammonium Chloride”
Chemical Communications, 2001, 2310-2311.
"Enantioselective catalytic addition of allyl organometallic reagents to aldehydes promoted by [Cr(Salen)]: the
hiden role played by weak Lewis acids in metallo-Salen promoted reactions"
Tetrahedron, 2001, 57, 835.
M. Bandini, P. G. Cozzi, P. Melchiorre, S. Morganti, A. Umani-Ronchi
"Cr(Salen) Catalyzed Addition of 1,3-Dichloropropene to Aromatic Aldehydes. A Simple Access to Optically
Active Vinyl Epoxides"
Organic Letters., 2001, 3, 1153
M. Bandini, P.G. Cozzi, P. Melchiorre, A. Umani-Ronchi
"Indium Tribromide: a Highly Effective Catalyst for the Addition of Trimethylsilyl Cyanide to alpha-HeteroSubstituted Ketones"
Tetrahedron Letters, 2001, 42, 3041
M. Bandini, P.G. Cozzi, M. Monari, R. Perciaccante, S. Selva, A. Umani-Ronchi
“Design of Boron bis-oxazolinate (B-BOXate) complexes: a new class of stable organometallic catalyst”
149
Chemical Communications., 2001, 1318-1319
M. Bandini, P.G. Cozzi, M. Gazzano, A. Umani-Ronchi
“An effective and useful synthesis of enantiomerically enriched arylglycinols”
European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2001, 1937-1942
M. Bandini, P.G. Cozzi, P. Melchiorre, R. Tino, A. Umani-Ronchi
“Chemo- and enantioselective catalytic addition of propargyl chloride to aldehydes promoted by [Cr(Salen)]
complexes”
Tetrahedron: Asymmetry, 2001, 12, 1063-1069
“Dynamic solvation effects in ethylmagnesium bromide addition to (2S)-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-lactal”
European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2001, 4509-4515.
“Solvent and Temperature Effect in Aldol Condensation between the Lithium Enolate of tert-Butyl Acetate and 2Phenyl propanal: Enthalpy and Entropy Contribution”
S. Decesari, M. C. Facchini, E. Matta, F. Lettini, M. Mircea, S. Fuzzi, E. Tagliavini, J. P. Putaud
”Chemical features and seasonal variation of fine aerosol water-soluble organic compounds in the Po Valley, Italy”
Atmospheric Environment, , 2001, 35, 3691 – 3699
S. Fuzzi, S. Decesari, M. C. Facchini, E. Matta, M. Mircea, E. Tagliavini
A simplified model of the water soluble organic component of atmospheric aerosols
Geophysical Research Letters, 2001, 28, 4079 – 4082
Braga, D; Maini, L; Paganelli, F; Tagliavini, E; Casolari, S; Grepioni, F
Organometallic building blocks for crystal engineering. Synthesis, structure and hydrogen bonding interactions in
[Fe(eta(5)-C5H4-CH2(CH3)OH)(2)],
[Fe(eta(5)-C5H3(CH3)COOH)(2)],
[Fe(eta(5)-C5H4CH(CH3)NH(eta(5)C5H4CH(CH3))]
and
in
the
diaminecyclohexane
salt
[Fe(eta(5)-C5H4COO)(2)](2-)
[(1S,2S)(NH3)(2)C6H10](2+)center dot 2[H2O]
Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, 2001, 637, 609 – 615
Appendix 3
Name of the Unit:
Research Director:
Years included
Bologna6
Claudio Trombini
1997-2001
Name of Journal
ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT
Number
Articles
3
of Journal
Factor
8.547
J AM CHEM SOC
1
6.025
CHEM COMMUN
7
3.695
JOC
5
3.689
ORG LETT
3
3.367
ORGANOMETALLICS
2
3.169
TETRAHEDRONASYMMETR
SYNLETT
4
2.797
3
2.763
Impact Field(s)
CHEMISTRY,
MULTIDISCIPLINARY
CHEMISTRY,
MULTIDISCIPLINARY
CHEMISTRY,
MULTIDISCIPLINARY
CHEMISTRY,
ORGANIC
CHEMISTRY,
ORGANIC
CHEMISTRY,
ORGANIC
CHEMISTRY,
ORGANIC
CHEMISTRY,
Ranking
5/118
7/118
11/118
5/48
7/48
8/48
9/48
10/48
150
TETRAHEDRON LETT
9
2.558
J CHEM SOC DALTON
1
2.502
TETRAHEDRON
4
2.356
SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 4
2.193
J ORGANOMET CHEM
1
1.632
HELV CHIM ACTA
1
2.209
EUR J ORG CHEM
6
2.150
ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
1
3.035
ENVIRON
TOXICOL 1
CHEM
SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
1
2.091
FRESEN ENVIRON BULL
1
0.277
ANAL CHIM ACTA
1
1.849
J CHROMATOGR SCI
1
1.247
1.252
ORGANIC
CHEMISTRY,
ORGANIC
CHEMISTRY,
INORGANIC
&
NUCLEAR
CHEMISTRY,
ORGANIC
CHEMISTRY,
ORGANIC
CHEMISTRY,
ORGANIC
CHEMISTRY,
MULTIDISCIPLINARY
CHEMISTRY,
ORGANIC
ENVIRONMENTAL
SCIENCES
ENVIRONMENTAL
SCIENCES
ENVIRONMENTAL
SCIENCES
ENVIRONMENTAL
SCIENCES
CHEMISTRY,
ANALYTICAL
CHEMISTRY,
ANALYTICAL
13/48
11/38
15/48
16/48
23/48
18/118
18/48
3/127
10/127
35/127
112/127
18/65
33/65
151
BOLOGNA 8
Bologna-8
University:
Alma Mater Studiorum- Università di Bologna
Faculty:
Chimica Industriale
Department:
Chimica Organica “A. Mangini” dell’Università
Viale del Risorgimento n.4 40136 BOLOGNA
Research Leader
Goffredo ROSINI
Contact Person
Goffredo Rosini
Please specify:
Goffredo Rosini
Phone +39.0512093640
Fax+39.0512093654or+39.0512093630
E-mail; [email protected]
Thematic area
• Processi chimici e tecnologie pulite.
The University. The Studium at Bologna is the oldest in the world: 1088 may be accepted as a conventional date
indicating when teaching became free and independent of the ecclesiastical schools in Bologna. The University of
Bologna was formed between the eleventh and twelfth centuries, mainly around Roman Law as laid down in Justinian
Code. Centuries passed through and nowaday we have Alma Mater Studiorum –Università di Bologna. In recent years
has set up Faculties and courses at Cesena, Forlì, Ravenna, Reggio Emilia and Rimini.
On the occasion of the Ninth Centenary in 1988, the University and City of Bologna promoted several cultural events
and activities in order to address the many problems of research, training and qualification, professionalism and the
labour market arising from the new international context of learning.
The aim of the University is to promote the advancement of knowledge and to provide the training and skills required
to practise a wide range of professions. Bologna University is a State institution, like the vast majority in Italy, and with
100,000 students it is one of the largest in the country. On the basis of the principle of university independence,
Bologna has established its own code of rules and regulations enshrined in the “Statute”. The Rector is the legal
representative of the University and chairs the Academic Senate and the Board of Governors. The Rector is elected
every five years by the academic staff. The Registrar, who is in charge of all the central services and departments, is
appointed by the Board of Governors and serves as secretary to the Senate and the Board of Governors.
Alma Mater Studiorum- Università di Bologna is organized in 22 Faculties, 67 Departments, 4 Complex Units, and 2
Institutes. In these structures are involved 770 Full Professors, 976 Associate Professors and 1024 Researchers.
Faculty of Industrial Chemistry.
Founded in 1935, until 2001 the Faculty of Industrial Chemistry awarded a five-year degree in Industrial Chemistry and
a three-year diploma in Chemistry and Technology of Ceramic Materials. The five-year degree is intended to provide a
sound knowledge of basic chemistry as well as the principle of unit operations, chemical reaction engineering, process
design and industrial chemistry. The theoretical work is accompanied by laboratory training. Courses are taught on a
semester basis, for a total of 10 semesters. The first six semesters consists of introductory courses in organic, inorganic,
analytical, industrial and physical chemistry and chemical engineering, all of them compulsory. In addition, students are
required to pass an English language test. In the remaining four semesters, advanced courses on the same topics may be
taken, some compulsory and some optional. The fifth year is also used for the preparation of a dissertation on an
original topic. This is done by each student by carrying out experimental work under the supervision of a Faculty
member within a research group, sometimes in conjunction with industry. Both degree train students for positions in
industry (R&D, production, etc.), government agencies (environmental monitoring and protection), and private and
governmental research centres.
Although there are no restrictions on students numbers, the staff-student ratios are in line with European standards, and
the Faculty is active in EU student mobility programmes. Teaching and research take place in Bologna for the degree
course and in Faenza for the diploma course. In the academic year 1999-2000 there were 21 Full Professors, 44
Associate Professors and 29 Researchers, while 78 Students were registered at the first year (478 as total number) and
104 took the degree in Industrial Chemistry.
152
Recently, another Course is active in Rimini: the Course of “Chemical Technologies for the Environmental
Preservation and Waste Management”.
In addition, there are several Doctoral Research Programs (3 years) in a variety of fields: Chemical Sciences, Industrial
Chemistry, Industrial Fermentation and Applied Biocatalysis, Metallurgy, Tribology.
Department of Organic Chemistry “A. Mangini” of the University.
This Department hosts 11 Full Professors (6 of the Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and 5 of the Faculty of Pharmacy),
15 Associate Professors (14 of the Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and 1 of the Faculty of Pharmacy) and 14
Researchers (9 and 5 respectively) in two distinct buildings. see The research groups in Department are active in
several arguments. In particular: synthesis of naturally occurring substances, the study of reaction mechanisms, free
radical reactions and their mechanisms, spectroscopy (NMR, Mass, IR, UV), synthesis of fine chemicals
pharmaceuticals, synthesis of key intermediates, synthesis of enantiopure compounds to be used as a catalyst, etc.
Main instrumentations and facilities of Dipartimento di Chimica Organica “A. Mangini” dell’Università di Bologna:
NMR Spectrometers Gemini 200 e 300 MHz- Mass spectrometer VG Analitica- UV Spectrometer Jasco.- ESR
Spectrometer Varian E-104.- IR Spectrometer Perkin Elmer 257 e 1600 FT- EPR Spectrometer Bruker ESP 300- GasMassa HP 5970- Polarimeter Jasco- DIP 360- Polarimeter Perkin Elmer 341-Dicrograph Jasco J 500- Preparative
HPLC Varian Prostar- PROLABO Synthewave 402.
The Unit Bologna 8
This group is active since 1984 in Dipartimento di Chimica Organica “A. Mangini” – University of Bologna and is
located in Viale del Risorgimento n.4 in the same building where the Faculty of Industrial Chemistry-University of
Bologna is. The research group have focused the main interests and activities in organic synthesis dealing with several
themes: (a) Research and development of innovative methodologies to prepare fine chemicals and specialities; (b)
Synthesis of products having commercial interest through eco-friendly processes, (c) Optimization and automation of
reactions and processes.
In particular we are seeking efficiency and practicality in synthesis, making available desired substances useful to solve
some important problem.
The components of our research group are: one Full Professor, three Researchers and one Post Dct Position
(Assegnista). Presently one PhD Student and three owners of post doctor positions are involved in our group. These
latter positions are available by research agreements with several Companies, such as ENDURA S.p.A.; FATRO
S.p.A.; NEWCHEM S.rl.; GSK S.p.A. Students of the Faculty of Industrial Chemistry as well as students of other
Faculties are involved in the activities of our laboratory to prepare their thesis.
The laboratory of this Unit is equipped with: two Agilent GCs (chiral columns available); one Agilent 1100 HPLC
(chiral columns available); one Gilson liquid chromatography with fraction collector; an automatic synthesis reactor, by
SYSTAG AG, where fully automatic running recipes can be executed, with dosage, temperature, pH, and distillation
control.
The group have participated in several Erasmus and Socrates Projects with other European Universities.
Courses taken by teachers of our group in the Faculty of Industrial Chemistry of the University of Bologna: Organic
Chemistry II; Complements of Organic Chemistry; Organic Chemistry, Laboratory I; Organic Chemistry, Laboratory
II; Industrial Organic Chemistry, Laboratory.
1
Title:
Eco-friendly and innovative methodologies in synthesis to achieve high efficiency and selectivity.
2
Research Leader: Goffredo ROSINI
2a
Sub-programme titles and sub-programme leaders: No subprogram title
3
Names and Titles
Year of Rank
Birth
Goffredo ROSINI
Emanuela MAROTTA
1940
1957
Research Input in maRerks
ftein 1997
Prof. Ord
0.4
Ricercatore 0.5
153
Paolo RIGHI
Claudio PAOLUCCI
Francesca PERI
Noemi SCARDOVI
Alessandro LORENZI
Alberto GUERRINI
Micaela VANNINI
1963
1950
1971
1975
1975
1975
1975
Ricercatore
Ricercatore
Post-Doc
PhD-Stud
Borsista
Borsista
Borsista
0.5
0.5
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
6.9
Since ----2001
Since January 2000
Since September 2001
Since January 2002
Since February 2001
Comments: it is the first year: no comment
4
Category
Full Professors
Ricercatori
Post-docs
PhD-students
Borsisti
Total
5
Funding
5.1
Personnel (in fte)
Source
University
CNR
European Union
Other Sponsors
Total
5.2
*
*
1998
0.4
-1.5
---3.0
4.9
1999
0.4
--1.5
---3.0
4.9
2000
0.4
--1.5
--1.0
3.0
5.9
2001
0.4
--1.5
1.0
1.0
3.0
6.9
Total
2.0
--1.5
1.0
2.0
15.0
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
1.0
Total
1.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
15.0
Source
University - MURST
CNR
EU
Other Sponsors
Total
5.3
1997
0.4
-1.5
--3.0
4.9
1997
70
16
1998
70
15
1999
70
9
2000
75
9
2001
76
10
Total
350
59
60
146
75
160
75
154
75
159
75
161
210
780
Comments:
On the figures: no comment
On the funding policy: no comments
Major sponsors and the character of the liaison: Sponsor of the Unit are several national and international
Companies and Firms. Among them: Alfa-Wassermann S.p.A- Bologna, ENDURA S.p.A.-Bologna NEWCHEM
S.r.l.-Verona, GSK S.p.A.-Verona, FATRO S.p.A. Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO) active in the fields of: fine chemicals,
pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and so on. Funding is currently performed trough contracts between Department and
Society. In general Companies provide the unit of some bursary too, and the recipients devote their activity exclusively
to the theme of the agreement. All the results are considered and treated as confidential matter.
6.
Progress Report
154
6.1
Mission Statement
We consider efficiency and practicality two main aspects relevant requirements of any synthetic scheme devised to
make available desired compounds useful to solve some important problem. Our efforts are focused in devising new
and efficient methodologies in the synthesis of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals. Once the route is defined, initial
scale up, development and the transition to process equipment proceed, followed by process optimization and
refinement for manufacturing operations for each synthetic step.
As a unit of the Faculty of Industrial Chemistry of the University of Bologna, our research group works in close
collaboration with a variety of industrial partners particularly in fields such as pharmaceutical, fine chemical, and
agriculture chemical industries. The activity of this Unit is mainly oriented to provide our students with a good
preparation in chemistry together with a peculiar sensibility for the problems of the production of chemicals in a
modern society being aware of the problems of environment.
The activity of the Unit is mainly focused to:
1.Design of synthetic schemes for achieving fine chemicals or any useful compound. The procedure must
be more effective and practical when compared with those ones already reported in the literature. In some
case we attempt to start from a more convenient and commercially available starting material.
2.In our approach we attempt to perform compacted synthetic operations such as: tandem reactions,
domino reactions and cascade reactions taking advantage of the simplification of all the synthetic
operations included the work-up with a view to a possible scale-up and a possible industrialization.
3.In our projects a particular care will also dedicated to the optimization and automation of the procedures
by using software and hardware apt to minimize the utilization of reagents as well as to know the more
safe and efficient conditions of any synthetic step of the process.
4.The building up of the target compounds is to be performed to achieve the best chemo, regio, and stereo
selectivity together with an high atom economy.
5.When is suitable we attempt to develop the solid-phase synthesis and combinatorial technologies.
6.Recently we are developing the utilization of “obsolete” enantiomerically pure pharmaceutical
intermediates and precursors as new and convenient catalysts in synthesis.
The more significant results:
(a) -ENICHEM S.p.A.-Istituto Guido Donegani S.p.A.
Goffredo Rosini, Rossella Serra, Franco Rama, Giovanni Confalonieri
Procedure for the preparation of bicyclo[3.20]hept-3-en-6-ones.
EP521571B1-09/13/1995; US5191125-March 2, 1993.
This procedure has been published on Organic Syntheses 1997, 64, 185.
More recently, the procedure has been studied in terms of optimization and automation of the process: Alessandro
Lorenzi, Paolo Righi, Goffredo Rosini- Ottimizzazione e automazione di un processo su scala per la sintesi di
intermedi di Prostaglandine- Dal laboratorio all’impianto pilota- CLUEB, 2001- Bologna. ISBN 88-491-1852-X.
An innovative and practical approach to the synthesis of a variety of pheromones and other naturally occurring
substances particularly useful in agriculture (control of pests) stems on the utilization of this preparation of
bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-3-en-6-ones. For a Review, see: Marotta, E.; Righi, P.; Rosini, G. “The Bicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-endo2-ol and Bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-3-en-6-one Approaches in the Synthesis of Grandisol: The Evolution of an Idea and Efforts
to Improve Versatility and Practicality” Org. Proc. Res. & Devel. 1999, 3, 206.
(b) -Alfa-WASSERMANN S.p.A.
Goffredo Rosini, Claudia Baldazzi, Eleonora Romagnoli, Stefano Saguatti, Silvano PianiLactones with antioxidising and hypolipidaemic activity useful in the therapy of the atherosclerosis.
US Patent N. 5,608, 084 (1997).
This study has been published in 1999: Baldazzi, C.; Calderoni, F.; Marotta, E.; Piani, S.; Righi, P.; Rosini, G.;
Saguatti, S.; Tiozzo, R.; Calandra, S.; Venturelli, F. “Medium Sized Lactones with Hypolipidaemic and Antioxidant
Activity: Synthesis end Biological Evaluation of Promising Dual-action Anti-atherosclerosis Drugs” Bioorg. Med.
Chem. 1999, 7, 411.
(c) -Alfa-WASSERMANN S.p.A.
Goffredo Rosini, Claudia Baldazzi, Silvano Piani3,4-Dihydro-2-iodomethyl-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2H-1-benzopyrans.
US Patent N. 5,608, 084 (1997).
155
(d)- An innovative approach to the stereo controlled synthesis of 2-aminopolyols and poly hydroxylated amino acids
through the utilization of heterotricyclic intermediates obtained by an efficient three component domino process with a
high atomic economy. For an in deep illustration of the approach, see: Righi, P.; Marotta, E.; Rosini, G.- Linear
Aminopolyhydroxylated Structures Through Rapid Domino Assembly of a Highly Functionalized Heterotricyclic
System and Its Selective Cleavage.- Chem. Eur. J. 1998, 4, 2501.
More recently, the procedure has been further developed by using reagents supported on solid polymers and N-tosyl2,3-aziridine alcohols (P. Righi, N. Scardovi, E. Marotta, P. Ten Holte, B. Zwanenburg – Solution and solid phase
synthesis of 4-hydroxy-4,5-isoxazole derivatives from enantiomerically pure N-tosyl-2,3-aziridine alcohols Org. Lett.
2002, 4, 497). Moreover, an efficient procedure to prepare nitroacetic acid esters and amides has been devised (N.
Scardovi, Andrea Casalini, Francesca Peri, Paolo Righi- Domino Processes as a Tool for Recovering Substandard
Reactions, Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 965).
(e)-Several other methodologies have been devised and developed to perform the synthesis of important intermediates
and to prepare desired compounds in an eco-friendly manner. See: (i) Ballini, R.; Bosica, G.; Maggi, R.; Ricciutelli, M.;
Righi, P.; Sartori, G.; Sartorio, R. “Clay-catalysed Solventless Synthesis of trans-Chalcones” Green Chem. 2001, 3,
178; (ii) Ballini, R.; Bosica, G.; Conforti, M. L.; Maggi, R.; Mazzacani, A.; Righi, P.; Sartori, G. “Three-component
process for the synthesis of 2-amino-2-chromenes in aqueous media” Tetrahedron 2001, 57, 1395; (iii) Demicheli, G.;
Maggi, R.; Mazzacani, A.; Righi, P.; Sartori, G.; Bigi, F. “Supported organic catalysts: synthesis of (E)-nitrostyrenes
from nitroalkanes and aromatic aldehydes over propylamine supported on MCM-41 silica as a reusable catalyst”
Tetrahedron Letters 2001, 42, 2401; (iv) Ballini, R.; Bosica, G.; Maggi, R.; Mazzacani, A.; Righi, P.; Sartori, G.
“Amberlyst® 15 as a Mild, Chemoselective and Reusable Heterogeneneous Catalyst for the Conversion of Carbonyl
Compounds to 1,3-Oxathiolanes” Synthesis 2001, 1826.
(f)- In what concerns our cooperation with Companies and Firms (ENDURA S.p.A, GSK S.p.A., NEWCHEM S.p.A.)
several procedures we have devised are presently under patenting and we cannot treat here these results for a due
confidentiality.
6.3
• Intra-university co-operation: (a) National Project “Stereoselezione in Sintesi Organica: Metodologie ed
Applicazioni” jointly supported by University of Bologna and MIUR is a cooperative project with a several Units
of other Universities (included other Units of INCA, such as Parma). (b) Local Project “Nuove Strategie di
assemblaggio molecolare selettive e a basso impatto ambientale- Applicazione alla sintesi di molecole bioattive e di
intermedi organici di interesse industriale (1997)” supported by the University of Bologna.
• Regional co-operation: Several co-operations with units of the University of Camerino and of University of
Parma are active upon important themes.
• National co-operation (including INCA) Some people of this unit participate to the activity of Consorzio
Internuniversitario “Metodologie e Processi Innovativi di Sintesi”- CINMPS- Bari.
International co-operation- Our group have had an interchange of several students through Erasmus and Socrates
Projects, in particular with the University of Nijmegen.
Dr. Noemi Scardovi is spending one year in the Laboratory of Prof. Philip Paul Garner- Department of Chemistry, Case
Western Reserve University, Cleveland (USA).
6.4
Societal Relevance and Impact.
1.3Further Indications of Quality and Reputation. Goffredo Rosini has been Director of Dipartimento di
Chimica Organica “A. Mangini” dell’Università di Bologna (1992-1995); Vice-Dean of the Facoltà di Chimica
Industriale dell’Università di Bologna (1998-2001). Presently is “Coordinatore del Dottorato in Scienze
Chimiche dell’Università di Bologna per i Cicli XV, XVI e XVII (2000, 2001, 2002). Goffredo Rosini has
been member in many Commissions for the evaluation of both national and international PhD thesis in
Chemical Sciences as well as peer in the evaluation of national research projects.
While G.R, E.M., P.R., C.P., F.P. and N.S. are members of the Italian Chemical Society- Division of Organic
Chemistry, Dr. Paolo Righi and Dr. Claudio Paolucci are members of the American Chemical Society too.
Since 1996 Dr Paolo Righi regularly attended Gordon Conferences in USA.
Since 2002, Paolo Righi is member of the Advisory Subcommittee of the IUPAC Chemical Nomenclature and
Structure Representation Division (VIII).
156
1.3Key Publications: It is really very difficult to make a choice. The titles here reported are those where, in
our opinion, the aim and the development of some arguments of our research are presented in a more detailed
and global form.
Righi, P.; Marotta, E.; Rosini, G.- Linear Aminopolyhydroxylated Structures Through Rapid Domino Assembly of a
Highly Functionalized Heterotricyclic System and Its Selective Cleavage.- Chem. Eur. J. 1998, 4, 2501.
Marotta, E.; Righi, P.; Rosini, G. “The Bicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-endo-2-ol and Bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-3-en-6-one Approaches
in the Synthesis of Grandisol: The Evolution of an Idea and Efforts to Improve Versatility and Practicality” Org. Proc.
Res. & Devel. 1999, 3, 206.
Marotta, E.; Righi, P.; Rosini, G. “A Bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-3-en-6-one Approach to Prostaglandin Intermediates” Org.
Lett. 2000, 2, 4145.
Marotta, E.; Micheloni, L. M.; Scardovi, N.; Righi, P. “One-pot direct conversion of 2,3-epoxy alcohols into
enantiomerically pure 4-hydroxy-4,5-dihydroisoxazole 2-oxides.” Org. Lett. 2001, 3, 727.
Ballini, R.; Bosica, G.; Maggi, R.; Ricciutelli, M.; Righi, P.; Sartori, G.; Sartorio, R. “Clay-catalysed Solventless
Synthesis of trans-Chalcones” Green Chem. 2001, 3, 178.
7.
Scientific Output
1.3Publication Policy.
All the activities we have performed have been inspired by the aim already declared in 6.1 Mission Statement,
therefore we consider the publications, patents, divulgation articles and invited lectures etc. all pertinent the mission
statements of INCA.
The publication policy is oriented towards: (a) Protection of the more important results obtained in the collaborations
with Companies and Firms through research contracts by deposit and extension of patents. (b) Publication in
international journals of the results of base research and applicative research performed by using funds for institutional
activities included those devoted to the formation of Laureate and PhD students. (c) Participation to local, national and
international Congresses and Schools where the results obtained are presented and shared with components of other
research groups. Frequently, the results obtained with the involvement of students (laureandi and PhD) during their
thesis are published after their presentation to the Commission.
7.2
Numerical data
Category
PhD-Dissertations
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
Total
2
4
3
1
6
16
1
2
1
2
6
Master’s Theses
4
3
5
2
3
17
2
1
5
3
--
11
8
Self-evaluation
Appendix I
Scientific Output
I-1
157
I.1.1 Dissertations
I.1.2
Supervisor
Master's Thesis
Here are reported the name of the Student, the title of the Thesis (in brackets the original title in Italian) and the names
of supervisors. All the data are referred to Laurea degrees.
1997- Danilo FRULLI- Linearization of a poly functionalized heterotricyclic system. A new synthesis of
aminopolyols. (Linearizzazione di un sistema triciclico polifunzionalizzato. Una nuova via di sintesi di composti azotati
poliossidrilati). Rosini-Righi
1997- Floria ANTOLINI- Enantiopure chiral building blocks from sugars. A new approach to polyhydroxylated
pyrrolidine and piperidine. ( “Building Blocks “ chirali da zuccheri. Approcci alla sintesi di pirrolidine e piperidine
poliossidrilate). Paolucci-Rosini
1997- Lucio PANIZZA- Synthesis of tricyclic systems through a intramolecular [3+2] cycloaddition of 4hydroxyalkenyl derivatives of 2-isoxazoline N-oxides. (Sintesi di sistemi triciclici mediante cicloaddizione [3+2]
intramolecolare di 4-O-alchenilderivati di sistemi 2-isossazolinici N-ossido). Rosini- Marotta
1997- Marco BARAVELLI- D-Mannitol as the chiral source for the EPC synthesis of precursors of aminopolyols. (DMannitolo quale sorgente chirale per la sintesi EPC di precursori di amminopolioli). Rosini-Marotta
1998- Laure Marie MICHELONI- EPC Synthesis of 4-hydroxy-2-isoxazoline N-oxides starting from enatiomerically
pure ?,?-epoxyalcohols and their linearization to aminopolyols. (Sintesi EPC di 4-idrossi-2-isossazoline a partire da ?,?epossialcoli enantiomericamente puri e linearizzazione ad amminopolioli). Rosini-Righi.
1998- Antonella PEPE- The tandem reaction of activated primary nitrocompounds and substrates with multiple
electrophilic centres: a systematic study. (La reazione tandem tra nitrocomposti attivati e substrati a più centri elettrofili:
uno studio sistematico). Righi-Rosini
1998- Lucia MATTIOLI- EPC Synthesis of 1,2-dihydroxy-5-oxo-hexahydroindolizines. Versatile building blocks for
the synthesis of poly hydroxylated indolizidines. Synthesis and reactivity of anomeric spirosugar dervatives from D-(-)fructose. (Sintesi EPC di 1,2-diidrossi-5-osso-esaidroindolizine. Versatili “Building Blocks” per la sintesi di
indolizidine poliossidrilate.- Sintesi e reattività di spiro-zuccheri anomerici, derivati dal D-(-)-Fruttosio). PaolucciRosini.
1999- Antonio BRUNI- Enantioselective epoxidation of olefins: a study on the possible utilization of 1,4:3,6-dianidroD-Fructose and D-Sorbose as chiral auxiliary. (Epossidazione enantioselettiva di olefine: indagine sulla utilizzabilità
dell’1,4:3,6-dianidro-D-Fruttosio e D-Sorbosio come ausiliari chirali). Paolucci-Rosini.
1999- Federico ASCARI- Synthesis of versatile precursors of substituted cyclopentanoids. Studies for a process
optimization. (Sintesi di precursori versatili di ciclopentanoidi sostituiti. Studi per l’ottimizzazione di processo. RosiniMarotta.
1999- Noemi SCARDOVI- Stereoselective synthesis of 5-aminoalkyl-4-hydroxy-2-isoxazoline N-oxides in
homogeneous phase and on a polymeric support. (Sintesi stereoselettiva di 5-amminoalchil-4-idrossi-2-isossazoline Nossidi in fase omogenea e su sopporto polimerico). Rosini-Marotta.
1999- Giovanna MORRI- Synthesis of stereoisomeric 5-oxa-esahydroindolizine: Building blocks towards the EPC
synthesis of polyhydroxylated indolizidines having biological activity as inhibitors of glycosidases. (Sintesi di 5-oxaesaidroindolizine stereosisomeriche: “Building Blocks” verso la sintesi EPC di indolizidine poliossidrilate aventi
attività biologica come inibitori di glicosidasi). Paolucci-Rosini.
1999- Roberto CASTALDI- Direct linearization of 4-hydroxy-2-isoxazoline N-oxides to enantiopure aminopolyols.
(Linearizzazione diretta di amminopolioli di 4-idrossi-2-isossazoline 2-ossido enantiomericamente pure). RosiniMarotta.
2000- Luca BERNARDI- Synthesis of EP aminopolyols through direct linearization of 4-hydroxy-2-isoxazoline Noxides. (Sintesi di Amminopolioli EP mediante linearizzazione diretta di sistemi 4-idrossi-2-isossazolinici N-ossido).
Righi-Rosini-Scardovi
2000- Andrea CASALINI- New results by using solid-phase reagents. An innovative synthesis of functionalized 4,5dihydroisoxazoles. (Nuovi sviluppi di reagenti in fase solida. Ana sintesi innovativa di 4,5-diidroisossazoli
funzionalizzati). Righi-Rosini.
158
2001- Alessandro LORENZI- Optimization and automation of a scaled process for the synthesis of prostaglandine
intermediates. (Ottimizzazione e automazione di un processo su scala per la sintesi di Prostaglandine. Dal laboratorio
all’impianto pilota). Righi-Rosini.
2001- Antonio MANETTO- Selective transformations of bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-3-en-6-ones. (Trasformazioni selettive di
biciclo[3.2.0]ept-3-en-6-oni). Rosini-Peri.
2001- Tommaso MARCELLI- Cerium (III) mediated cyclizations of ?-hydroxy-alkenoic acid esters. (Ciclizzazioni
intramolecolari mediate da Cerio (III). Rosini-Marotta.
I-2
1997
See also 2 patents reported in Section I-4
Rosini, G; Confalonieri, G.; Marotta, E.; Rama, F.; Righi, P. Preparation of Bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-3-en-6-ones: 1,4Dimethylbicyclo[3.2.0]hept-3-en-6-one. Org. Synth. 1997, 74, 158-168.
C. Paolucci, L. Musiani, F. Venturelli, A. Fava. Hydroxylated ?-Vinylpyrrolidines from Sugar-Derived 2,5Dihydrofurans. Synthesis of (1S,2S,8aR)-1,2-dihydroxyindolizidine by Ring Closing Olefin Methathesis. Synthesis
1997, 1415.
1998
Marotta, E.; Righi, P.; Rosini, G. -Consecutive and Domino Processes for the Synthesis of a Heavily Functionalised
Tricyclic System. Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 39, 1041.
Rosini, G.; Laffi, F.; Marotta, E.; Pagani, I.; Righi, P.-Total Synthesis of the Marine esquiterpenoid Raikovenal through
a Novel Utilization of the Bicyclo[3.2.0]heptenone Approach. J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 2389.
Marotta, E.; Baravelli, M.; Maini, L.; Righi, P.; Rosini, G.- D- Mannitol as the Chiral Source for the EPC Synthesis of
Both Enantiomers of 3-Ethoxycarbonyl-4-hydroxy-2-isoxazolines and Highly Functionalised Tricyclic Sistems. J. Org.
Chem. 1998, 63, 8235.
Righi, P.; Marotta, E.; Rosini, G.- Linear Aminopolyhydroxylated Structures Through Rapid Domino Assembly of a
Highly Functionalized Heterotricyclic System and Its Selective Cleavage.- Chem. Eur. J. 1998, 4, 2501.
1999
Baldazzi, C.; Calderoni, F.; Marotta, E.; Piani, S.; Righi, P.; Rosini, G.; Saguatti, S.; Tiozzo, R.; Calandra, S.;
Venturelli, F. “Medium Sized Lactones with Hypolipidaemic and Antioxidant Activity: Synthesis end Biological
Evaluation of Promising Dual-action Anti-atherosclerosis Drugs” Bioorg. Med. Chem. 1999, 7, 411.
Marotta, E.; Righi, P.; Rosini, G. “The Bicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-endo-2-ol and Bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-3-en-6-one Approaches
in the Synthesis of Grandisol: The Evolution of an Idea and Efforts to Improve Versatility and Practicality” Org. Proc.
Res. & Devel. 1999, 3, 206.
Ballini, R.; Bosica, G.; Damiani, M.; Righi, P. “Nitroalkanes as a New Source of 2-Alkylidene-1,4-diols, in Two Steps”
Tetrahedron 1999, 55, 13451.
2000
Marotta, E.; Righi, P.; Rosini, G. “A Bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-3-en-6-one Approach to Prostaglandin Intermediates” Org.
Lett. 2000, 2, 4145.
2001
Paolucci, C.; Mattioli, L. Stereoisomeric Sugar-derived Indolizines as Versatile Building Blocks: Synthesis of
Enantiopure Di- and Tetrahydrxyindolizidines. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 4787-4794.
Ballini, R.; Bosica, G.; Conforti, M. L.; Maggi, R.; Mazzacani, A.; Righi, P.; Sartori, G. “Three-component process for
the synthesis of 2-amino-2-chromenes in aqueous media” Tetrahedron 2001, 57, 1395.
Demicheli, G.; Maggi, R.; Mazzacani, A.; Righi, P.; Sartori, G.; Bigi, F. “Supported organic catalysts: synthesis of (E)nitrostyrenes from nitroalkanes and aromatic aldehydes over propylamine supported on MCM-41 silica as a reusable
catalyst” Tetrahedron Letters 2001, 42, 2401.
Marotta, E.; Micheloni, L. M.; Scardovi, N.; Righi, P. “One-pot direct conversion of 2,3-epoxy alcohols into
enantiomerically pure 4-hydroxy-4,5-dihydroisoxazole 2-oxides.” Org. Lett. 2001, 3, 727.
159
Ballini, R.; Bosica, G.; Maggi, R.; Ricciutelli, M.; Righi, P.; Sartori, G.; Sartorio, R. “Clay-catalysed Solventless
Synthesis of trans-Chalcones” Green Chem. 2001, 3, 178. (Royal Society of Chemistry; Cambridge, Regno Unito;
ISSN 1463-9262)
Ballini, R.; Bosica, G.; Maggi, R.; Mazzacani, A.; Righi, P.; Sartori, G. “Amberlyst® 15 as a Mild, Chemoselective and
Reusable Heterogeneneous Catalyst for the Conversion of Carbonyl Compounds to 1,3-Oxathiolanes” Synthesis 2001,
1826.
I-3
1997
Rosini, G. - Criteri per una sintesi organica moderna- Alle soglie del 2000 perseguendo l’efficienza. (Criteria for a
modern organic synthesis- At the beginning of 2000 pursuing efficiency). La Chim.& l’Ind. (Milano) 1997, 79, 353359.
1999
Rosini, G.- L’autocatalisi in sintesi asimmetrica: una vicenda di chimica seguita e raccontata da uno
spettatore.(Autocatalysis in asymmetric synthesis: a story through the eyes of an observer). La Chim. & l’Ind. (Milano)
1999, 81, 231.
Righi, P. “Critical Surveys Covering the Year 1998: Total Syntheses of Natural Products” in Seminars in Organic
Synthesis, Riccio, R. Ed., Società Chimica Italiana, 1999, p. 401-518.
2000
Rosini, G. - “Looking beyond Stereoselectivity. Some Contribution to Efficiency in Target-driven Synthesis through
Explanatory Stories” in Seminars in Organic Synthesis, Sodano, G. Ed., Società Chimica Italiana, 2000, p. 239-270
2001
Rosini, G. – L’ acido (-)-cainico: da una vicenda emblematica alcune riflessioni sulla sintesi organica. [(-)-Kainic Acid:
Some considerations on organic synthesis from an emblematical story) La Chim. & l’Ind. (Milano) 2001, 83, 75.
Alessandro Lorenzi, Paolo Righi, Goffredo Rosini- Ottimizzazione ed automazione di un processo su scala per la
sintesi di intermedi di prostaglandine. CLUEB-Bologna, 2001.
I-4
1997
Goffredo Rosini, Claudia Baldazzi, Eleonora Romagnoli, Stefano Saguatti, Silvano PianiLactones with antioxidising and hypolipidaemic activity useful in the therapy of the atherosclerosys.
US Patent N. 5,608, 084 (1997).
Goffredo Rosini, Claudia Baldazzi, Silvano Piani
3,4-Dihydro-2-iodomethyl-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2H-1-benzopyrans.
US Patent N. 5,663,389 (1997).
1998
Goffredo Rosini (invited lecture)- A promising approach to the stereoselective synthesis of 2-aminopolyols and aaminoacids poly hydroxylated. The idea, the project and its development making and taking down cycles.
XXV Congresso della Società Chimica Italiana- Divisione di Chimica Organica- Folgaria 8-12 Settembre 1998.
1999
Goffredo Rosini (invited lecture)- “The value of impurity”- Little stories of chemistry remembering Primo
Levi.
Università degli Studi della Calabria- Dipartimento di Chimica – Rende 14 Dicembre 1999.
Goffredo Rosini (invited lecture)- Two approaches to the synthesis of grandisol and related compounds. The
evolution of an Idea. Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza” – Dipartimento di Chimica- Roma 30 Giugno
1999.
Goffredo Rosini (invited lecture)- Criteria for a modern organic synthesis.
FEDERCHIMICA Acfis- Scuola di Formazione Acfis- Corsi di Chimica Fine- Milano 15 Aprile 1999.
Goffredo Rosini (invited lecture) - Chirality and Molecules.
160
IX Settimana della Cultura Scientifica e Tecnologica. Tema “Scienza ed Educatione”. Università di Bologna.
Bologna 25 Marzo 1999.
Paolo Righi (invited lecture)- “Critical Surveys Covering the Year 1998: Total Syntheses of Natural Products”
Seminars in Organic Synthesis, Società Chimica Italiana , Summer School “A. Corbella”, Gargnano (BS)- 18 Giugno
1999.
2000
Emanuela Marotta, Paolo Righi, Goffredo Rosini. (invited lecture)- The Bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-3-en-6-one Approach.
The Origin and Evolution of an Idea and Efforts to Achieve Versatility and Practicality.
Second French Italian Symposium-Organic Chemistry, Stereocontrol and New Targets. Strasbourg (France)- 24-25
November 2000.
Goffredo Rosini (invited lecture)- “Looking beyond Stereoselectivity. Some Contribution to Efficiency in Targetdriven Synthesis through Explanatory Stories”.
Seminars in Organic Synthesis, Società Chimica Italiana , Summer School “A. Corbella”, Gargnano (BS)- 16 Giugno
2000.
Emanuela Marotta, Paolo Righi, Noemi Scardovi (invited lecture)- Linear Aminopolyhydroxylated Compounds
Through Multi-bond Forming Processes.
3rd Spanish-Italian Symposium on Organic Chemistry- September 3-5, 2000, BENALMADENA (Malaga), Spain.
Appendix 3
Name of the Unit:
Bologna 8
Research Director:
Goffredo Rosini
Years included
1997-2001
Name of Journal
Chem-Eur J
Green Chem
J Org Chem
Org Lett
Tetrahedron Lett
Tetrahedron
Synthesis-Stuttgart
Bioorg. Med. Chem
Number
Articles
1
1
3
3
1
2
2
1
Org Synth
Org Process Res Dev
1
1
Comments on:
a) the method: no comment
of Journal
Factor
4.614
2.477
3.280
3.670
2.280
2.276
1.985
1.798
1.293
0.848
Impact Field(s)
Chemistry/Multidisc.
Chemistry/Multidisc.
Chemistry/Organic
Chemistry/Organic
Chemistry/Organic
Chemistry/Organic
Chemistry/Organic
Chemistry/Medicinal
Chemistry/Organic
Chemistry/Organic
Chemistry/Organic
Chemistry/Medicinal
Ranking
7/118
18/118
7/51
6/51
13/51
14/51
18/51
13/36
22/51
30/51
34/51
24/36
161
BOLOGNA 9
BOLOGNA 9
Research Leader
Prof. Giuseppe CHIAVARI
University:
University of Bologna, Italy
Contact Person
Faculty:
Science MFN
Department:
Chemistry G.Ciamician
Dr.Daniele FABBRI
Laboratory of Chemistry c/o ITIS
CIRSA-University of Bologna
Via Marconi,2 I-48100 RAVENNA, Italy
++39-0544-270975
++39-0544-275134
[email protected]
Thematic area
1.Chemistry of ecosystems (chemistry of soil,
water and air; environmental impact of
chemicals).
2.New technologies for monitoring.
The Unit Bologna 9 conducts its research and teaching activity in the field of analytical chemistry for environment and
cultural heritage at the Faculty of Science MFN of the University of Bologna. The research is principally carried out at
the Laboratory of Chemistry of the Centro Interdipartimentale per le Ricerche in Scienze Ambientali (C.I.R.S.A.,
Researches in Environmental Sciences Interdept Centre), located in the city of Ravenna, where the curriculum in
Environmental Sciences has been established. The laboratory is well equipped with modern instruments for
environmental analyses of organic and inorganic constituents (GC/MS, HPLC/DAD-Flu, ion chromatography, atomic
spectroscopy, polarography). Several theses related to environmental analytical chemistry are carried out in this
laboratory mostly by undergraduate and PhD students from the curriculum in Environmental Sciences. The other
structure of research and teaching activity is the Dept of Chemistry ‘G.Ciamician’ located in Bologna.
The research topics of the Unit deal with analytical chemistry for a better understanding and preservation of our
environment. The term environment is used here in its widest sense which encompasses artistic patrimony and human
activities. Indeed, integrated management of environment and resources might include ecosystems as well as works of
arts (e.g. historical monuments) or the improvement of industrial processes (e.g. green chemistry). The Unit is
interested in developing analytical procedures useful for characterising chemical constituents of environmental concern.
The attention has been focussed on natural and synthetic macromolecules due to their important role in natural
processes (e.g. chelators of heavy metals), human utilisation (e.g. combustion of coal, restoration). Synthetic polymers
can be important contaminants of coastal and even oceanic areas. This topic is potentially well fitted for synergic
collaborations with other INCA units of the University of Bologna, as macromolecules i) constitute a significant albeit
almost unknown fraction of airborne matter (interaction with Unit Bologna 6), ii) affect the biodegradation of organic
micropollutants (interaction with Unit Bologna 1), iii) are an important component of solid wastes to be recycled
(interaction with Unit 3). Among inorganic constituents, the research has been mainly devoted on heavy metals, but in
the last years, the attention has been driven to sulphur species considering their role in heavy metal bioavailability.
100,000 students. It is divided in 19 Faculties, 65 Departments, 5 Federated Departments («Unità Complesse»), 3
162
Institutes and it currently offers about 65 «laurea» degree courses and 45 «diploma» degree courses in the following
The Unit
The Unit is composed of three permanent university members: Giuseppe CHIAVARI (full professor), Clinio
LOCATELLI (associate professor), Daniele FABBRI (PhD, senior researcher). Each member is responsible of a
reasearch sub-unit. The sub-units of GC and CL include both a PhD student in Environmental Sciences (Silvia Prati and
Alberto Righetti, respectively), while the sub-unit of DF includes a Post-Doc in Environmental Sciences, presently
research assistant (“assegnista”) within an European Project. Several students join the Unit each year to prepare their
master thesis for the curricula of Environmental Sciences and Chemsity.
GC and CL have been working in the field of analytical chemistry since the beginning of their research activity in
academic institutions, DF has been active in academic and industrial research as well (R&D of ENI corporation) The
docents of the Unit are responsible of the following courses :
Analytical Chemistry (GC, curriculum in Environmental Sciences)
Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry (CL, curriculum in Environmental Sciences)
Chemical Oceanography (DF, curriculum in Environmental Sciences)
Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry II (CL, curriculum in Chemistry)
Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry III (CL, curriculum in Chemistry)
Electrochemistry and corrosion (CL, GC, curriculum in Chemistry)
Gas chromatography (GC, curriculum Chemistry).
Chemisty for Cultural Heritage (GC, curriculum in Chemistry)
Analytical Chemistry (GC, curriculum in Technology forPreservation and Restoration of Cutlural Heritage)
The teaching load includes also the following activities within the Faculty of Science: GC and CL give lessons for the
Specialisation School in Chemical Methodologies for Control and Analysis, CL also in the post-degree Course in
Marine Pollution, DF is co-ordinator of the Chemistry section of the Master in Integrated Management of Coastal Zone.
1
Title
Development and Application of Analytical Procedures to Environmental Sciences and Preservation of Cultural
Heritage
2
Research Leader
Prof.Giuseppe Chiavari
2a
Development and Application of Analytical Procedures to study:
1.Interaction between environment and works of art (Giuseppe CHIAVARI).
2.Natural and synthetic macromolecules in the environment (Daniele FABBRI).
3.Distribution and speciation of heavy metals in fluvial and coastal ecosystems (Clinio LOCATELLI).
3
Names and Titles
Year of Rank
Birth
Giuseppe Chiavari
Clinio Locatelli
Daniele Fabbri
Ivano Vassura
Silvia Prati
Alberto Righetti
1937
1949
1958
1970
1975
1970
full prof
Associated prof
senior res
Post-Doc
PhD-student
PhD student
Research
Input in fte
in 2001
0.2
0.4
0.5
1.0
1.0
1.0
4.1
Remarks
Sub-programme 1
Sub-programme 3
Sub-programme 2
Sub-programme 2
since 1999 Sub-programme 1
since 2000 Sub-programme 3
163
4
Category
Full Professors
Ricercatori
Post-docs
PhD-students
Borsisti
Total
1997
0.2
0.4
0.5
1.0
1998
0.2
0.4
0.5
1.0
1999
0.2
0.4
0.5
1.0
2.1
2.1
2.1
2000
0.2
0.4
0.5
1.0
1.0
1.0
4.1
2001
0.2
0.4
0.5
1.0
1.0
1.0
4.1
Total
1.0
2.0
2.5
5.0
2.0
2.0
14.5
2001
1.0
Total
Comments
Three members (namely GC, DF and IV) belonged to a former Unit of the INCA
5
Funding
5.1
Personnel (in fte)
Source
University
CNR
European Union
Other Sponsors
Total
5.2
1998
1999
2000
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
Source
University – MURST
CNR
EU
Other Sponsors
Total
5.3
1997
1997
20
30
1998
25
30
1999
25
30
2000
25
30
50
55
55
55
2001
25
30
10
10
75
Total
120
150
10
10
290
Comments:
*
On the figures: in Table 5.1 permanent university members are not included, even when their hourly activity
is part of the budget (for EU). In Table 5.2 the CNR budget includes payment of short-time activity of personnel not
inserted in the Unit.
*
CNR and European Coal and Steel Community are the major sponsors. The liaison is the use of analytical pyrolysis for
the molecular characterisation of complex organic materials.
6.
Progress Report
6.1
Mission Statement
The unit exerts its activity in the field of fundamental and applied analytical chemistry. As far as fundamental research
is concerned, the contribution of the Unit in this field regards the development of new procedures in analytical
pyrolysis, atomic spectroscopy and voltammetry. The applied research of the last five years has included the study of
pristine and impacted marine and fluvial ecosystems, a protected coastal area (Ravenna Lagoon, Ramsar site)
endangered by pollution, effects of human activity on works of art, emission of PAHs from coal utilisation. The activity
is of interested for international academic institutions in oceanography and applied chemistry, institues of restoration,
coal industry, municipal authority.
164
6.2
The research programme of the Unit is concerned with the development and application of methodologies in analytical
chemistry related to the evaluation of pollution in contaminated areas, the chemistry of ecosystems, the preservation of
cultural heritage, the improvement of industrial processes with environmental benefits. To this purpose several
analytical techniques based on gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, atomic and molecular
spectroscopy, electrochemistry and so forth are employed to study chemical components in a number of environmental
matrices (water, airborne particles, sediments, biota), industrial feedstock (coals, oil) and materials used in the field of
art and architecture (binders, protectives). Analytical methods developed within the programme pertain to the analysis
of both organic and inorganic constituents, therefore two main sub-groups are identified in the Unit. One sub-group is
mainly concerned with the composition of the organic fraction (sub-programme 1 and 2), the other with the analysis of
inorganic species (sub-programme 3). The sub-group of organic analytical chemistry is interested to the analysis of
macromolecules, and the principal technique utilised to this purpose is analytical pyrolysis. According to the field of
application, this sub-group is further divided into two sub-units, one dealing with environmental topics (subprogramme 2) and the other with the preservation of cultural heritage (sub-programme 1). These sub-programmes
exhibit close relationships. The principal overlapping between sub-programmes 1 and 2 resides in the utilised analytical
technique (pyrolysis) and analysed materials (e.g. polysaccharides), but differ in the field of application. The principal
connections between sub-programmes 2 and 3 are related to the study of polluted sites where the knowledge of both
inorganic and organic contaminants is necessary. The research subjects of each sub-programme are outlined here
below, with an indication of the most important results.
Sub-programme 1:
The sub-programme is concerned with the aging and degradation of art objects caused by the environmental
parameters. To this purpose, standard materials (e.g. painting layers) are subjected to different environmental agents
(e.g. UV radiation, NOx) and the chemical effects on the organic fraction are investigated by analytical pyrolysis. The
aim is to individuate molecular markers (occurring in-situ or formed by pyrolysis) indicative of the changes in chemical
composition caused by stress agents. Since the organic fraction is a complex network of high molecular weight
components (resins, gums, proteinaceous materials), the preferred technique is analytical pyrolysis (Py-GC/MS), which
is well fitted for the characterisation of macromolecules. To the end of increasing the field of application of the
technique towards polar/unvolatile constituents, derivatisation procedures in pyrolysis are under investigation
(reactive/pyrolysis). Pyrolysis/methylation with tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH), the most utilised procedure
in the literature, is routinely applied in our laboratory. The most important result in this field is the development of a
new method in reactive pyrolysis based on silylating reagents, which overcomes some of the problems created by
TMAH pyrolysis.
As an example of the application of analytical pyrolysis to real samples, our Unit, presently involved in a
multidisciplinary diagnostic campaign at the Scrovegni Chapel (Padua), has detected the nature of polymeric materials
used in past restoration interventions on Giotto’s frescoes. In the topic interaction environment/work of art is worth
mentioning the project “Conservation status and degradation mechanisms of the buildings “Fabbrica Vecchia –
Marchesato” (Marina di Ravenna, Ravenna, Italy). Apart their historical value, the environmental interest of the two
buildings resides in the fact that they are located in an area of intense anthropogenic influence and are also subjected to
natural causes of degradation (e.g.marine aerosol). In this project the Unit is involved in chemical characterisation of
the surface of the buildings, which are considered like in-situ sampling systems to monitor the environmental stress and
source apportionment of degradation.
Sub-programme 2:
The main research topic is related to the structural characterisation of macromolecules of environmental concern, both
natural and synthetic, using procedures based on analytical pyrolysis, in particular Py-GC/MS. Py-GC/MS is applied to
study the chemical composition of organic matter in the water column and sediment of Black and Mediterranea Sea.
Data arising from Py-GC/MS are correlated with the results obtained from traditional oceanographic measurements and
provide complementary information at molecular levels. For a better interpretation of the pyrolytic data, Py-GC/MS is
also applied to the analysis of zooplankton, cultured phytoplankton species, bacteria as well as standard biopolymers
(e.g.polysaccharides). The identification of carbohydrate markers and their mechanism of formation in TMAH
pyrolysis, is a remarkable result of this research since these markers are now widely used in the literature to recognise
carbohydrates in complex environmental samples.
Structural characterisation of geopolymers (humic substances, kerogens, sapropels, oil, coals) is an other
important issue of the sub-programme. Apart as a descriptive technique of the molecular network of these complex
materials, analytical pyrolysis is exploited as a rapid technique for screening the emission of organics during their
thermal treatment. Within a Project supported by the European Coal and Steel Community, the sub-unit is investigating
pyrolysis as a model system and a fast analytical procedure to predict the emission of PAHs during coal pyrolysis. The
principal result in this field is the development of a simple off-line procedure for the quantitative estimate of PAH
evolved from pyrolysis of coke precursor materials. The final aim of the project is that to produce coke of good quality
with low environmental impact
165
The occurrence in the environment of PAHs formed by pyrolytic processes is an other subject we are interested in. A
remarkable result in this area regards the source apportionment of PAHs occurring as major pollutants in a coastal
lagoon. In collaboration with the University of Strathclyde and Scottish Universities Research Center, Glasgow
(measurements of 13C/12C isotopic ratio of single PAHs) the source has been identified in the pyrolysis of biogenic
natural gas, utilised by the local industry to produce acetylene. This latter study is part of a wider research programme
aimed at investigating chemical pollution of a protected coastal lagoon located in the proximity of Ravenna and
impacted by a multitude of potential sources of contamination (industry, municipal wastes, agricultural run-off, harbour
activity, power plants). An important result of the sub-programme 2 has been the development of new methods in PyGC/MS and complementary analytical techniques for the analysis of synthetic polymers in sediments which enabled the
detection of a strong contamination by artificial resins (PVC, polyvinylacetate) and rubbers. The procedures will be
applied to other coastal ecosystems potentially contaminated by synthetic polymers.
Sub-programme 3:
This sub-programme is mainly concerned with the analysis of inorganic constituents in the environment. It consists of
the following topics:
1) development of analytical methodologies based on atomic spectroscopy and voltammetry for the determination
of trace elements in environmental matrices and food. This includes theoretical studies for the optimisation of
analytical parameters related to accuracy, reproducibility limit of detection. Application to ecosystems, with
particular attention to fluvial and coastal areas.
2) Study of adsorption processes of inorganic and organic constituents to suspended matter and their quantitative
determination at ultratrace level.
3) Speciation of sulphur in connection with the distribution of heavy toxic metal in sediments.
The last item is directly connected with the research programme aimed at evaluating the status of the Ravenna Lagoon,
with particular attention to the fate of mercury. It is well known that sulphides are involved in trapping mercury in
sediments reducing its bioavailability. However, recent studies have revealed that elemental sulphur is potentially
capable to increase the mobility of mercury, especially in salt marsh systems. Development of procedures for the
analysis of elemental sulphur and its ecotoxycological importance are emerging subjects of research activity of the
Unit.
6.3
•
•
•
1.CNR (National Research Council), Special Project Safeguard of Cultural Heritage. Progetto finalizzato per i
Beni Culturali. The funds support the fundamental and applied research in collaboration with other research
Institutes, in which our analytical techniques are compared to other methodologies for the appraisal of the state
of degradation of standard painting layers and from the commission of analyses by external structures such as
the Central Institute of Restoration.
2.CNR, Co-ordinated Project ‘Studies on industrial pollution’. Progetto Coordinato CNR ‘Studi su
inquinamenti industriali’.
3.INCA Consortium. The collaboration has mainly involved members of the former Unit (presently Bologna 6)
and has been concerned with the distribution and speciation of mercury in coastal areas.
•
1. The European Coal and Steel Community is financing a three years project co-ordinated by the Coal Products
Industries Limited UK, other participants being the University of Nottingham UK and INCAR-CSIC Spain, titled
“Improved Manufacture of Coke for Non-Ferrous Applications with Environmental, Operational and Market
Benefits”. Analytical pyrolysis is used by our Unit as a rapid analytical method to evaluate PAH emissions during
thermal treatment of coke precursors and to find structural relationships useful for the selection of starting
materials.
2. Chinese-Italian Centre for the Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Relics, Xian, RP of China.
3. Conferenza dei Rettori delle Università Italiane-British Council: collaboration with the University of
Strathclyde, Glasgow (UK) to study the organic pollution of coastal lagoon (Ravenna Lagoon).
4. A project in collaboration with the Middle East Technical University (METU), Turkey. entitled “The Source
and the Composition of Particulate Organic Matter in the Black Sea” financially supported by Turkish Scientific
and Technical Research Council (TUBITAK). In the framework of this Project a set of samples were collected
166
from the Black Sea during 1998-1999 cruises of R/V Bilim Research Vessel of METU and in May/June 2001
cruise of American Research Vessel R/V Knorr (Wood Hole Oceanographic Inst) and are analysed by GC/MS and
Py-GC/MS in our Unit.
within a wide project of remediation, with economical and touristic benefits, financed by
muniipal and regional authoritie Further Indications of Quality and Reputation
Prof.G.Chiavari :
1) President of the curriculum in Technology for the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage
(University of Bologna).
2) Director of the Specialisation School in Chemical Methodologies for Control and Analysis (University of
Bologna).
Dr.D.Fabbri
1) Project leader of the European Project ECSC 2001-2003.
2) R.A.Glenn Award for the best work presented at the American Chemical Society, Fuel Chem.Division, 2001.
Dr.I.Vassura
1) Ravenna Industry Association Award for the best master thesis in Environmental Sciences.
6.6
Key Publications
Carole McRae, Colin E. Snape, Cheng-Gong Sun, Daniele Fabbri, Daniele Tartari, Claudio Trombini, Anthony E.
Fallick, Use of compound specific stable isotope analysis to source anthropogenic natural gas-derived polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons in a lagoon sediment Environmental Science and Tecnhology, 34, 4684-4686 (2000).
Y.Coban-Yldiz, G.Chiavari, D.Fabbri, A.F.Gaines, G.Galletti, S.Tugrul, The chemical composition of Black Sea
suspended particulate organic matter: pyrolysis-GC/MS as a complementary tool to traditional oceanographic analyses.
Marine Chemistry, 69, 55-67 (2000).
Fabbri Daniele: Use of pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry to study environmental pollution caused by
synthetic polymers. A case study: the Ravenna Lagoon, Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 58-59, 361-370
(2001).
G.Chiavari, D.Fabbri, S.Prati: In situ Pyrolysis and Silylation of Fatty Materials Used in Painting Layers,
Chromatographia, 53 (5/6), 311-314, (2001).
D. Fabbri, C.Locatelli, C.E.Snape, S.Tarabusi, ‘Sulphur Speciation in Mercury-Contaminated Sediments of a Coastal
Lagoon. The Role of Elemental Sulphur.’, J.Environmental Monitoring, 3, 483-486 (2001).
7.
Scientific Output
7.1
Publication Policy
Our research works are published in international peer-reviewed journals of significant scientific relevance in the field
of analytical chemistry and environmental sciences. Considering the multidisciplinary approach of environmental
studies, journals in fields like oceanography and geochemistry are considered. Communications to important national
journals, national and international conferences are part of the publication policy. Thesis are an important background
of the scientific production.
7.2
Numerical data
Category
PhD-Dissertations
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
Total
10
11
14
16
15
66
Master’s Theses*
7
5
6
4
5
27
167
* only theses in Environmental Sciences have been considered.
Appendix I
Scientific Output
I-1
I.1.1 Dissertations
Year
Name PhD-student
Supervisor
I.1.2
Master's Thesis (only theses in Environmental Sciences have been considered.)
Year Name Master’s student Title of the Dissertation Supervisor
1996-97 Lubrano
Lavadera Caratterizzazione chimico-ambientale dei fondali al largo del delta Fabbri D.
Debora
del Po
1998-99 Tartari Daniele
Studio sull'inquinamento da idrocarburi policiclici aromatici e Fabbri D.
polimeri vinilici nella piallassa Baiona
1998-99 Mugnai Cristian
Studio della bioturbazione in sedimenti della Laguna di Venezia
1999-00 Comandini Michela
Caratterizzazione della componente organica in sedimenti Fabbri D.
dell'Adriatico centro-settentrionale
Studio della sedimentazione recente e della geochimica del lago Fabbri D.
Cheko (Siberia centrale): eventuali correlazioni con l'evento di
Tunguska
Il bacino idrografico del fiume Marecchia: valutazione Locatelli C.
dell'inquinamento organico, biologico ed inorganico delle acque
superficiali
Caratterizzazione ambientale della Pialassa Baiona mediante la Locatelli C.
determinazione di specie metalliche nei sedimenti
2000-01 Sacchetti Fabio
1995-96 Ronchini Leonardo
1996-97 Astara Alberto
1997-98 Gabrielli Laura
1997-98 Castiglione Renato
1997-98 Cescuti Angelo
Fabbri D.
Il bacino idrografico del fiume Conca : valutazione Locatelli C.
dell'inquinamento organico, biologico ed inorganico delle acque e
dei sedimenti
Variante di valico dell'autostrada Bologna-Firenze: fattori di impatto Locatelli C.
ambientale sul territotio Setta
Caratterizzazione chimica sia organica che inorganica del torrente Locatelli C.
Marano
1998-99 Tarabusi Simone
Speciazione dello zolfo in sedimenti inquinati di mercurio
1998-99 Benagli Marcello
Studio di metalli pesanti atmosferici attraverso deposizioni secche ed Locatelli C.
umide nell'area di Ravenna
1999-00 Siliquini Fabrizio
Fiume Aso: valutazione del livello di inquinanti inorganici in acqua Locatelli C.
e sedimento
Distribuzione del carico inquinante relativamente ad un ecosistema Locatelli C.
dell'Italia Centrale: il fiume Tronto
Controllo dell'abbattimento dei metalli pesanti in un depuratore Locatelli C.
industriale
1999-00 Angelini Ugo
1999-00 Lagosti Giorgia
1999-00 Castelli Silvia
Locatelli C.
Campionamento e determinazione della silice libera e dei metalli Locatelli C.
pesanti nelle polveri aerodisperse in ambiente industriale
168
1999-00 Frassati Christian
2000-01 Asioli Andrea
2000-01 Romualdi Barbara
1997-98 Ravaioli Stefano
1997-98 Giuliani Silvia
1998-99 Olivi Alessandro
2000-01 Fiori Pietro
Ozono in siti rurali e di altitudine della Valle d'Aosta. Dipendenza Locatelli C.
dalle condizioni meteoclimatiche locali
Distribuzione e valutazione di inquinanti inorganici in matrici di un Locatelli C.
ecosistema fluviale: fiume Lamone
Valutazione del carico inquinante nelle acque e nei sedimenti del Locatelli C.
fiume Montone
Metodologie cromatografiche per il controllo di effluenti industriali Chiavari G.
con particolare riguardo ai composti fenolici
Interazione e dinamica del particellato nell'Adriatico settentrionale: Chiavari G.
studio dei processi a scala temporale breve attraverso i disequilibri
234Th/238U e 210Po/210Pb.
Caratterizzazione chimica e merceologica dei prodotti di Chiavari G.
demolizione pirolitica della paglia in funzione di un possibile
riutilizzo
Ambiente e degrado del materiale dei monumenti: il caso della Chiavari G.
Fabbrica vecchia e del Marchesato in Marina di Ravenna
2000-01 Marianna Amaducci
Inquinanti legati a traffico veicolare: loro determinazioni in matrice Locatelli C.
ambientale
2000-01 Elena Tagliati
Caratterizzazione chimica e biologica di un ecosistema all’interno Locatelli C.
del Parco del Delta del Po
2000-01 Federico Foschini
Analisi di idrocarburi policiclici aromatici pirogenici in ambienti Fabbri D.
lagunari
I-2
1997:
1. S.Gagni, P.Goberti and G.Chiavari : " Determination of halogenated olefins by photoionization and Hall
electrolytic conductivity detectors in series in matrices of hydrofluorocarbons and hydrochlorofluorocarbons"
Chromatographia, 46, (1997),404-410.
2. P. Reschiglian, S. Valcher, C. Locatelli, F.N. Rossi, and G. Torsi A high current, battery-operated power
supply with power control through an on-off fast switch. Rew. of Sci. Instr. 68, 1609 (1997).
3. C. Locatelli Metal analysis in real matrices. Simultaneous voltammetric determination of copper and antimony
in alloys. Electroanalysis 9, 560 (1997).
4. G. Torsi, C. Locatelli, P. Reschiglian, F. Fagioli, D. Melucci, N. Rossi Nuova metodica per misure di metalli
in ambiente urbano.Inquinamento 7, 46 (1997).
5. Standardless analysis in electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy with Pd as matrix modifier. C.
Locatelli, P. Reschiglian, F. Fagioli, G. Torsi, D. Melucci, and N. Rossi Comparison of a new atomization system
with a commercial system in the determination of Pb and Cd in fruit juice. Ann. Chim. (Rome) 87, 397 (1997).
6. C. Locatelli, F. Fagioli Determination at trace level of heavy metals in mussels and clams. Ann. Chim. (Rome)
87, 535 (1997).
7. C. Locatelli Anodic and cathodic stripping voltammetry in the simultaneous determination of toxic metals in
environmental samples. Electroanalysis 9, 1014 (1997).
8. F.N. Rossi, P. Reschiglian, C. Locatelli, D. Melucci, and G. Torsi Level of cadmium associated with airborne
particulate matter in the town of Bologna. Ann. Chim. (Rome) 87, 605 (1997).
9. G. Torsi, P. Reschiglian, C. Locatelli, and D. Melucci. A new fast and standardless method for direct
determination of metals associated with particulate matter in air: avoiding error in the determination of Pb in an
urban environment. J. Env. Pat. Tox. Onc. 16, 253 (1997).
10. G. Torsi, C. Locatelli, P. Reschiglian, D. Melucci, and F.N. Rossi Electrostatic Precipitation and
Electrothermal Atomic absorption Spectrometry: a perfect combination for the analysis of metals associated with
particulate matter. In «Advances in Atomic Spectroscopy», Vol. 4, J. Sneddon Ed., p. 1-25, JAI Press Inc.,
Greenwich, CT, 1998, USA.
169
1998
1. G.Chiavari, Gandini N., Russo P., D. Fabbri, ‘Characterisation of Standard Tempera Painting Layers
Containing Proteinaceous Binders by Pyrolysis(/Methylation)-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry’,
Chromatographia, 47, 420-426 (1998).
2. D.Fabbri, M.Mongardi, L.Montanari, G.C.Galletti, G.Chiavari, R.Scotti, ‘Comparison between CP/MAS 13CNMR and pyrolysis-GC/MS in the structural characterisation of humins and humic acids of soil and sediments’,
Fresenius’ Journal of Analytical Chemistry 362, 299-306 (1998).
3. D.Fabbri, O.Felisatti, M.Lombardo, C.Trombini , I.Vassura,‘The Lagoon of Ravenna (Italy): characterisation
of mercury-contaminated sediments’, The Science of the Total Environment, 213, 121-128 (1998).
4. D.Fabbri, C.Trombini, I.Vassura ‘Analysis of Polystyrene in Polluted Sediments by Pyrolysis-Gas
Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry’, Journal of Chromatographic Science, 36, 600 (1998).
5. G.Chiavari, G.C.Galletti, P.Bocchini, P.Russo, N.Gandini, D.Fabbri, Thermally assisted hydrolysismethylation/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry of painting layers from the cupola of S.Maria del Fiore
Cathedral in Florence, Science and Technology for Cultural Heritage 7(1), 19-25 (1998).
6. F.N. Rossi, D. Melucci, C. Locatelli, P. Reschiglian, G. Torsi, A. Millemaggi Influence of pressure and
atomizer length on absorption curves in ETA-AAS measurements for standardless analysis. Fresenius J. Anal.
Chem. 361, 504 (1998).
7. C. Locatelli, G. Torsi Simultaneous voltammetric determination of toxic metals in sediments. Talanta 46, 623
(1998).
8. G. Torsi, P. Reschiglian, C. Locatelli, F.N. Rossi, D. Melucci Standardless elemental analysis through
electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy. Application to aqueous samples and particulate matter in
air.Atomic Spectroscopy 10, 16 (1998).
9. C. Locatelli Simultaneous metal determination in Salerno Gulf. Proposal of a new analytical
procedure.Fresenius Envir. Bull. 7, 406 (1998).
10. C. Locatelli, G. Torsi Peak area, peak current: critical comparison. Application to real samples.
Electroanalysis 10, 904 (1998).
11. G. Torsi, F. Fagioli, G. Landi, P. Reschiglian, C. Locatelli, F.N. Rossi, D. Melucci, and T.Bernardi.
Theoretical and experimental values of the spectroscopic constant relative to the Hg 253.7 line at different
temperatures. Spectrochimica Acta 53B, 1847 (1998).
1999
1. D.Fabbri and R.Helleur, ‘Characterization of the tetramethylammonium hydroxide thermochemolysis products
of carbohydrates’, Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 49, 277-293 (1999).
2. G.Chiavari, A.Colucci,R.Mazzeo, M.Ravanelli : "Organic Content Evaluation of Corrosion Patinas in Outdoor
Bronze Monuments. Chromatographia, 49, (1999), 35-41
3. O.Cattani, D.Fabbri, M.Salvati, C.Trombini, I.Vassura, ‘Biomonitoring of mercury pollution in a wetland near
Ravenna, Italy by translocated Bivalves (Mytilus galloprovincialis)’ Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 18,
1801-1805 (1999).
4. G.Chiavari. M.Ravanelli: " Characterisation methods for organic materials: the analytical pyrolysis, OPD
Restauro 11, (1999), 130-136.
5. G.Chiavari and R.Mazzeo: "Characterisation of paint layers in chinese archaelogical relics by Pyrolysis-GCMS. Chromatographia,49,(1999), 268-272
6. G.Chiavari, D.Fabbri, S.Prati, R.Mazzeo, D.Bikiaris, Sister Daniila, Y.Chryssoulakis ‘Analytical Pyrolysis :
Application to the Chemical Characterisation of Byzantine Painting Layers’ Atti del 6th International Conference
on ‘Non-Destructive Testing and Microanalysis for the Diagnostics and Conservation of the Cultural and
Environmental Heritage’Roma, Vol.2, 1147-1162 (1999).
7. C. Locatelli, G. Torsi, T. Garai. Determination of heavy metals in environmental bio-indicators by
voltammetric and spectroscopic techniques.Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 363, 662 (1999).
8. C. Locatelli, A. Astara, G. Torsi Major, minor and trace element distribution in sediments of Salerno
gulf.Fresenius Environ. Bull. 8, 124 (1999).
9. C. Locatelli, A. Astara, E. Vasca, V. Campanella Voltammetric and spectroscopic determination of toxic
metals in sediments and sea water of Salerno Gulf. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 58, 23 (1999).
10. C. Locatelli, A. Astara, G. Torsi Inorganic species distribution in a lagoon ecosystem inside the delta of the Po
River.Ann. Chim. (Rome) 89, 721 (1999).
11. G. Torsi, S. Valcher, P. Reschiglian, D. Melucci, C. Locatelli, A. Zattoni Pushing electrothermal atomic
absorption spectroscopy to its physical limits.Recent Research Developments in Applied Spectroscopy 2, 19
(1999).
12. C. Locatelli Sea water quality criteria by bioindicators. Possible classification based on metal content in Ulva
Rigida and Tapes Philippinarum.. Toxicological and Environmental. Chemistry 71, 435 (1999).
170
13. C. Locatelli, G.Torsi. Employment of peak area in the determination of metals having low reversibility degree
of the electrodic process. Electroanalysis 11, 1203 (1999).
14. C. Locatelli, G. Torsi Cathodic and anodic stripping voltammetry: simultaneous determination of As-Se and
Cu-Pb-Cd-Zn in the case of very high concentration ratios. Talanta 50, 1079 (1999).
2000
1. Y.Coban-Yldiz, G.Chiavari, D.Fabbri, A.F.Gaines, G.Galletti, S.Tugrul, The chemical composition of Black
Sea suspended particulate organic matter: pyrolysis-GC/MS as a complementary tool to traditional oceanographic
analyses. Marine Chemistry, 69, 55-67 (2000).
2. Fabbri D., Tartari D., Trombini C. Analysis of poly(vinyl chloride) and other polymers in sediments and
suspended matter of a coastal lagoon by pyrolysis-gas chromatography / mass spectrometry , Analytica Chimica
Acta, 413, 3-11 (2000).
3. S.Prati, G.Chiavari e D.Cam: "DSC application in the conservation field. J.ThermalAnal.Calorimetry, 66 315327 (2001).
4. Coban-Yildiz Y., Fabbri D., Tartari D., Tugrul S., Gaines A.F., Application of pyrolysis-GC/MS for the
characterisation of particulate organic matter in the Mediterranean Sea: a comparison with the Black Sea, Organic
Geochemistry, 31, 1627-1639 (2000).
5. Brown S.D., Chiavari G., Ediger V., Fabbri D., Gaines A.F., Galletti G., Karayigit A.I., C.E.Snape,
Sirkecioglu O., Toprak S. Black Sea sapropels: relation to kerogen and fossil fuel precursors, Fuel, 79 1725-1742
(2000).
6. Fabbri D., Chiavari G. He Ling, Analysis of anthraquinoid and indigoid dyes used in ancient artistic works by
thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation in the presence of tetramethylammonium hydroxide, Journal of
Analyitcal and Applied Pyrolysis, 56, 167-178 (2000).
7. Locatelli C., Fabbri D., Torsi G.: Accuracy, precision and limit of detection in the determination of inorganic
species in environmental matrices. An application to the Marano river ecosystem., Annali di Chimica, 90, 613-620
(2000).
8. Carole McRae, Colin E. Snape, Cheng-Gong Sun, Daniele Fabbri, Daniele Tartari, Claudio Trombini,
Anthony E. Fallick, Use of compound specific stable isotope analysis to source anthropogenic natural gas-derived
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a lagoon sediment Environmental Science and Tecnhology, 34, 4684-4686
(2000).
9. G. Torsi, F.N. Rossi, D. Melucci, P. Reschiglian, C. Locatelli, D. Di Cintio Absorbance vs. time curves at high
heating rate in electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy. Spectrochim. Acta part B 55, 65 (2000).
10. C. Locatelli, G. Torsi Inorganic characterization of Conca River Ecosystem. Ann. Chim. (Rome) 90, 73
(2000).
11. G. Torsi, S. Valcher, P. Reschiglian, C. Locatelli, A. Zattoni Extension of the standardless method of analysis
in electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy to elements of medium volatility: experimental results for Co, Cr,
Cu, Fe, Mn and Ni. Microchemical Journal 65, 23 (2000).
12. C. Locatelli Proposal of new analytical procedures for heavy metal determinations in mussels, clams and
fishes. Food Additives and Contaminants 17, 769 (2000).
13. C. Locatelli, G. Torsi Determination of Se, As, Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn and Mn by anodic and cathodic stripping
voltammetry in marine environmental matrices in the presence of reciprocal interference. Proposal of a new
analytical procedure. Microchemical Journal 65, 293 (2000).
14. C. Locatelli, G. Torsi, F. Rossi A new analytical procedure for simultaneous voltammetric metal
determinations in sea water, sediments, algae and fishes. Fresenius Environ. Bull. 9, 813 (2000).
15. C. Locatelli Measurement of voltammetric peak area and resolution of overlapping peaks in the simultaneous
determination of copper, lead, cadmium and nickel in environmental matrices. Journal of AOAC International 83,
1321 (2000).
16. P. Reschiglian, A. Zattoni, D. Melucci, C. Locatelli, G. Torsi Standardless and absolute analysis through the
Lambert-Beer law. Application to inhomogeneous dynamic samples with flow-assisted separation techniques, FIA
and atomic absorption spectroscopy. Recent Res. Devel. Applied Spectroscopy 3, 61 (2000).
2001
1. Fabbri D., Locatelli C., Tarabusi S., A new procedure for the analysis of elemental sulphur in sediments based
on combustion to sulphate and ion chromatography, Chromatographia, 53, 119-121, (2001).
2. G.Chiavari, D.Fabbri, S.Prati: In situ Pyrolysis and Silylation of Fatty Materials Used in Painting Layers,
Chromatographia, 53 (5/6), 311-314, (2001).
3. Fabbri Daniele: Use of pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry to study environmental pollution
caused by synthetic polymers. A case study: the Ravenna Lagoon, Journal of Analyitcal and Applied Pyrolysis, 5859, 361-370 (2001).
171
4. C.E. Snape, C-G. Sun, C. McRae, A.E. Fallick and D. Fabbri, Use of compound specific stable isotope
measurements to probe anthropogenic PAH formation in environmental samples, Prepr. Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Fuel
Chem., 46(1), 211-214 (2001).
5. D.Fabbri, M.Lombardo, C.Trombini, I.Vassura, E.Zavoli, M.Horvat, ‘Mercury contamination of a coastal
lagoon (Pialassa Baiona, Ravenna, Italy) , RMZ – Materials and Geoenvironment, 48(1) (2001) 186-192.
6. Fabbri D., Gabbianelli G., Lubrano D., Locatelli C., Trombini C., Vassura I., Distribution of mercury and
other heavy metals in core sediments of the northern adriatic sea, Water, Air and Soil Pollution, Water, Air and
Soil Pollution, 129, 143-153, (2001).
7. G.Chiavari, D.Fabbri, S.Prati, Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of products arising from
pyrolysis of amino acids in the presence of hexamethyldisilazane, J.Chromatography A, 922, 235-241 (2001).
8. D. Fabbri, C.Locatelli, C.E.Snape, S.Tarabusi, ‘Sulphur Speciation in Mercury-Contaminated Sediments of a
Coastal Lagoon. The Role of Elemental Sulphur.’, J.Environmental Monitoring, 3, 483-486 (2001).
9. C.Locatelli, D.Fabbri and G.Torsi, Heavy metal determinations in algae and clams and their possible
employment for assessing the sea water quality criteria, Annali di Chimica, 91, 425-434, (2001).
10. D.Fabbri, G.Chiavari, ‘Analytical Pyrolysis of Carbohydrates in the Presence of Hexamethyldisilazane’,
Analytica Chimica Acta, 449, 271-280 (2001).
11. D.Fabbri, S.Gemelli, L.Langone, S.Miserocchi, C.Trombini, I.Vassura. Anthropogenically Derived Mercury
in Sediments of Pialassa Baiona, Ravenna, Italy.Annali di Chimica, 91, 563-575 (2001).
12. M.Marsili, M.Stracquadanio, C.Trombini and I.Vassura. The Epicuticular wax of Laurus nobilis Leaves as a
Passive Sampler of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Ambient Air Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 10, 2630, (2001).
13. C. Locatelli, G. Torsi Heavy metal determination in aquatic species for food purposes.Ann.Chim. (Rome) 91,
65 (2001).
14. Locatelli, G. Torsi Voltammetric trace metal determinations by cathodic and anodic stripping voltammetry in
environmental matrices in the presence of mutual interference. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 509, 80
(2001).
15. C.Locatelli, G. Torsi Copper ore. Voltammetric and spectroscopic determination of metals: critical
comparison. Recent Res. Devel. Pure & Appplied Anal. Chem. 3, 93 (2001).
Appendix 3
Name of the Unit:
BOLOGNA 9
Research Director: Prof.G.Chiavari Years includeed
Name of Journal
Number
Articles
Analytica Chimica Acta
2
Annali di Chimica
10
Atomic Spectroscopy
1
Chromatographia
6
Electroanalysis
4
Envir. Mon. Asses.
1
Envir. Tox. Chem.
1
Environ.Sci. Technol.
1
Food
additives
and 1
contaminants
Fres. Envir. Bull.
4
Fres. J. Anal. Chem.
3
Fuel
1
J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol.
3
J. AOAC Inter.
1
J. Chromatography A
1
J. Electroanal. Chem.
1
J. Env. Mon.
1
J. Therm. Calor.
1
Journal of Chromatographic 1
of Journal
Factor
2.073
0.394
1.730
1.317
1.702
0.388
1.964
2.707
1.050
0.297
1.649
0.905
1.787
1.330
2.793
1.960
1.055
0.545
0.987
1997-2001
Impact Field(s)
Ranking
Spectroscopy
Chemistry applied
13/68
60/68
15/40
33/68
21/68
106/129
14/129
7/129
21/58
Energy and Fuel
113/129
22/68
16/66
20/68
32/68
6/68
16/68
53/129
52/68
41/68
172
Science
Marine Chemistry
1
2.056
Microchemical Journal
Organic Geochemistry
2
1
0.771
1.657
Rev. of Sci. Inst.
Spectrochimica Acta
Talanta
The Science of the Total
Environment
Water, air and soil pollution
1
2
2
1
1
21/118
1.352
0.838
1.587
1.396
Multidisciplinary
Chemistry
Geochemistry
and
Geophysics
Instrument
Spectroscopy
0.772
66/129
47/68
11/47
6/48
31/40
23/68
30/129
173
CAGLIARI 1
CAGLIARI 1
Director of the Unit
Prof. Giacomo Cao
Faculty:
Engineering
Contact Person
Giacomo Cao
Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica e Materiali
Piazza d’Armi - 09123 Cagliari, Italy
Phone Fax 39-070-6755058 / 39-070-6755057
University:
Cagliari
Thematic Area
The Unit
The Unit is constituted by one full professor, two associate professors, two assistant professors (ricercatori), one postdoc, seven PhD students. The full professor is the research director of the Unit. PhD students and research associates
are tipically supervised directly by the research director while the other associate and assistant professors are involved
in the research work. The following courses are taught by professors belonging to the Unit: Principles of Environmental
Chemical Engineering (University First Degree in three years, about 150 students), Principles of Environmental
Chemical Engineering (University Degree, about 50 students), Applied Chemistry for Environmental Protection
(University First Degree in three years, about 30 students), Applied Chemistry for Environmental Protection
(University Degree, about 10 students), Metallurgy (University Degree, about 10 students), Metal Sciences (University
Degree, about 5 students), chemistry (University First Degree in three year, about 200 students).
1
2
2a
2
3
3
Title: Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry for the Environment
Programme Director: Giacomo Cao
1
Gas-liquid reaction and reactor engineering (G. Cao)
Self-propagating High-temperature reactions for environmental protection (R. Orrù & G. Cao)
Processes involving adsorbents and ion-exchangers (G. Cao)
4 Wastes sealing and vitrification (G. Usai & G. Cao)
5 Ball milling reactions for environmental protection (F. Delogu & G. Cao)
6 Soil remediation (G. Cao)
Composition of the scientific research staff of the Unit per 1 January 1998
Name and Titles
Year
of
Birth
Rank
Research
Input in fte
In 1997
Giacomo Cao
Giorgio Usai
Roberto Orru’
Giovanni Pilloni
Francesco Delogu
Roberta Licheri
Antonio Mario Locci
Alberto Cincotti
Daniela Carta
Alessandro Concas
Anna Mameli
Elena Medda
Barbara Simoncini
1960
1941
1965
1945
1970
1974
1974
1969
1974
1973
1974
1971
1966
Professor
Associate Prof
Associate Prof
Ricercatore
Ricercatore
Ph-D Student
Ph-D Student
Post doc
Ph-D Student
Ph-D Student
Ph-D Student
Ph-D Student
Ph-D Student
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.9
0
0
0
0.9
0
0
0
0.9
Remarks
After 2000
After 2000
After 2000
After 1999
After 2000
After 1999
After 2000
After 1999
PhD in 1998
174
Mariella Sannia
1968
Ph-D Student
0.9
Paola Serra
Davide Zedda
Guido Peronetti
Nicola Lai
1969
1969
1969
Borsista
Borsista
Borsista
Ph-D Student
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
9.5
PhD in 1999
PostDoc in 2000
Left in 1999
Left in 1999
Left in 2000
PhD in 2002
and
Comments
By taking into account the previous five years the research Unit should be more coordinated, although the performace
anticipated by the Committee during the first Assessment has been confirmed. By taking into account the following five
years it is expected one more associate professor professor and one more ricercatore positions to be achieved by Unit
members.
4
Category
Full Professors
Ricercatori
Post-docs
PhD-students
Borsisti
Total
1997
0
1
0.8
0.9
2.7
2.7
8.1
1998
0
1
0.8
0.9
0.9
2.7
6.3
1999
0
1
0.8
0.9
3.6
0.9
7.2
2000
0
1
2.4
1.8
6.3
0.9
12.4
2001
0.5
1
1.6
1.8
6.3
0
11.5
Total
0.5
5
6.4
6.3
19.8
7.2
45.2
Comments
Although the number of PhD students re-started to grow, it is becoming more and more difficult to attract excellent
students since the title is not fully recognized in Italy. Moreover, the attached stipend is still on the low side. It is
however relatively easy to find good students from abroad but the italian system of education is not ready to accept
foreigners due to the spoken language as well as the time consuming burocracy which is more a cultural habit. The size
of the group is anyway increasing being the policy to maintain a good balance between professors and PhD
students/borsisti.
5
Funding
5.1
Personnel (in fte)
Source
University
CNR
European Union
Other Sponsors
Total
5.2
1998
2.3
1.0
1999
3.2
1.0
2000
5.5
0.4
2001
5.6
0.4
Total
17.8
7.7
2.5
8.6
3.5
6.8
3.5
6.8
7.0
12.0
6.0
11.1
22.5
45.3
1998
1999
2000
175
60
62
195
317
60
60
428
548
2001
275
50
318
493
265
590
Total
467.785
240
122
1241.7
2071.485
Source
University - MURST
CNR
EU
Other Sponsors
Total
5.3
1997
1.2
4.9
1997
17.785
70
35.7
123.485
Comments:
• On the figures It is seen that University/MURST is contributing to the research Unit funding for about
22% of the total budget. The relevant financial source falling in this category is given by the project MURST
488 submitted by the INCA Consortium where the Unit is involved in three sub-projects. CNR is contributing
175
for about 11% which clearly reflects the italian situation as far as the National Research Council is concerned.
This is particularly true if one compares these figures with the corresponding ones related to one of our
american collegue which regularly applies with success to the National Science Foundation. EU contribution is
the less relevant one, i.e. about 6%. Although the situation is changed with respect to the previous assessment,
EU funding is still lacking. The reason is probably due to the need of a more established research Unit, beside
the capability of the Unit to establish strong european contacts. Other sponsors, with particular emphasis on
the Italian Space Agency, are playing the leading role in funding the Unit, i.e. about 60% of the total budget.
However the industrial support falling in this category should be increased.
• On the funding policy As mentioned above, EU funding should be increased. This will require the
involment of the INCA Consortium, beside the creation of strong european networks whose size could be
really of impact per se and more important from the scientific point of view. The industrial support should be
also increased. In this regard, the coordination capabilities of INCA will give more chances to be involved in
important industrial relationships.
Regione Aut. della Sardegna:
Applied research contract on the combustion
synthesis of materials
CNR:
Self-propagating reactions for environmental protection
Dow Chemical:
Applied research contract on the kinetics of terephthalic acid production
Progemisa Srl: Applied research contract on the use of sardinian natural zeolites
as adsorbents
Italian Space Agency:
Applied research contract on combustion synthesis of
materials under microgravity
Regione Aut. Della Sardegna:
Advanced technologies for industrial wastes
minimization and soil remedation planning
Regione Aut. della Sardegna:
Applied research contract on the use of sardinian
natural zeolites as adsorbents
MURST/ACNA CENGIO:
Advanced soil remediation techniques
MURST 488:
Soil remedation techniques, adsorption activated carbon and
separation using supported crown ethers
6
Progress Report
6.1
Mission Statement
The Unit intends to strengthen its activity in the field of environmental science and technology, with particular
emphasis on Tecnologie di depurazione (membrane, sonochimica, fotocatalisi, elettrochimica e altre) and to maintain
the leadership at the National and European level on self-propagating reactions for environmental protection. While the
character of the research will be more on the applied side, the ideal path to be followed is to catch real problems from
consultancy activities, give the required answer if possible, start the relevant applied research activity when required
and if necessary perform the fundamental one. This mission will be done either inside INCA and through the
Interdepartimental Centre of Environmental Science and Technology (CINSA), which was established on April 18,
1996 at the University of Cagliari to conduct and coordinate research in the field of environmental protection. An
agreement of cooperation between INCA and CINSA was signed in 1997 for collaboration in the field of
environmental chemistry. The Unit intends to contribute to the solutions of environmental protection issues following a
clear interdisciplinary strategy. PhDs/Borsisti will be considered even more as the driving force of the research as in
most of the developed countries. The support of specialized technicians in the Unit will be also sought. There should
also be a ratio PhDs/Borsisti to professors per year equal to about four.
6.2
The Unit intends to maintain its research activity in the following areas: a) reactions and reactors engineering, b) selfpropagating reactions for environmental protection, c) adsorption and ion-exchange, d) waste vitrification, e)
mechanochemistry. In each area the research methods are similar, i.e. both experimental and theoretical activities are
tipically performed. In area a), gas-liquid reactors with particular emphasis to terephthalic production through p-xylene
are taken into account, mainly because of the presence of the corresponding production plants in the region where the
Unit operates. In area b) studies related to the synthesis of advanced materials as well as the mechanism of products and
structure formation during self-propagating reactions are addressed the use of self-propagating reactions for
environmental protection is becoming a strategic field for the Unit. In area c) the following subjects are taken into
account: trasport of heavy metals in porous media, where the scientific problem is to develop reliable models to
describe the fate and migration of pollutants in soils; the simulation of multicomponent equilibria on natural zeolites
and the corresponding characterization as marketable adsorbents for several pollutants. Area d) represents a major
176
concern of our society. The scientific/technological problem is to find new and easy-to-use techniques to inertize toxic
wastes. Area e) represents a new research direction to be followed due to the input of new faculties within the Unit. In
this area advanced soil remediation techniques can be developed.
The most impressive results in the areas above over the past five years are as follows. In area a) a lumped kinetic model
for liquid-phase oxidation of p-xylene to terephthalic acid catalyzed by cobalt naphtenate has been developed and
tested by comparison with suitable experimental results. In area b) the synthesis of titanium aluminides using field
assisted self propagating reactions has been achieved. In addition, the degradation of chloro-organics by selfpropagating rections seems to be a promising technology. In area c) a significant contribution towards the exploitation
of sardinian natural zeolites for environmental applications has been given. In area d) for example a novel technique to
inertize zinc hydrometallurgical wastes into products which incorporate heavy and toxic species is proposed. Its
applicability has been extended to other toxic wastes. In area e) the mechanical alloying technique is applied to
synthesize advanced materials.
For the coming five years studies in the areas: a) reactions and reactors engineering, b) self-propagating reactions for
environmental protection, c) adsorption and ion-exchange, d) waste vitrification and e) mechanochemistry applied to
soil remediation will be strengthened. To this aim the financial support is guaranteed by Inca International, a subsidiary
of Dow Chemical within area a), Italian Space Agency, European Space Agency and Regiona Autonoma della
Sardegna for conducting research within area b), MURST PON project within areas c) and e), and CNR for projects
pertaining to area d).
No changes are expected due to the mobility of senior staff.
6.3
Τηε ιντρα−υνιϖερσιτψ χο−οπερατιον ηασ βεεν ωεακ ανδ σηουλδ βε στρενγτηενεδ. Α νυµβερ οφ ρεασονσ µα
ψ εξπλαιν συχη σιτυατιον. Ηοωεϖερ, ιτ σηουλδ βε νοτεδ τηατ τηε ρεσεαρχη Υνιτσ οφ ουρ αµεριχαν χολλεγ
υεσ δο νοτ νεχεσσαριλψ χοοπερατε ωιτηιν τηε σαµε υνιϖερσιτψ ασ χοµπαρεδ το τηε τψπιχαλ ΙΝΧΑ Υνιτσ. Ι
ντρα−υνιϖερσιτψ χο−οπερατιον ισ προβαβλψ µορε εφφιχιεντ ιφ τηε ΙΝΧΑ Υνιτσ σηαρε α χοµµον αγρεεµεντ
ον τηε στρατεγψ το βε φολλοωεδ ιν τερµσ οφ Πη∆/Νεω Φαχυλτιεσ ρεχρυιτινγ ατ τηε λοχαλ λεϖελ.
At the regional level, the cooperation that needs to be strengthened, and in some cases started from scratch, is the one
between the various institutions and the local universities. This cooperation should not be seen as a sporadic
consultancy activity provided by single professors, personally, for specific issues, but instead, a continuous
involvement of universities as a whole with the aim of achieving a “politically correct” decision-making process. In a
few words, a new approach of cooperation among institutions.
INCA is expected from the Unit to play a crucial role as institution that will be able to give a valuable contribution to
the future environmental and industrial (i.e. chemical industry) policy of the italian governement. To this aim, one of
the INCA’s objective should be to strengthen the participation from the whole italian chemical world (i.e. organic
chemistry, analytical chemistry, inorganic chemistry, physical chemistry, industrial chemistry, chemical engineering,
etc.). In addition a more intensive cooperation within the consortium and a more effective management of it should be
achieved.
The position of the Unit within INCA seems to be quite active not only in terms of financial support provided but also
in terms of research activities which seem to be more oriented to solve enviromental problems with respect to the past.
In addition the representative of the Cagliari University and Director of this Unit is presently serving as a member of
the Board of Directors of the INCA Consortium.
The cooperation structures that are seen most vital for the Unit are the intra-university Consortia as well as Consortia of
public/private nature, where potential users of scientific knowledge and expertise are involved. This consideration is
applicable not only at the national level but also internationally, with particular emphasis on the EC in order to have
access to the regular international calls for proposal. In this regard, the Director of the Unit is responsible since 2001 of
an International PhD Program on Environmental Science and Engineering which involved the University of Aveiro
(Portugal) and the University of La Verne (Greece). The program which starts in 2002 will be strengthened through the
involment of other EU Universities for which the presence of the INCA Consortium in the PhD framework will
guarantee the success of the initiative.
6.4
The Unit performs its research activities in the following areas: a) reactions and reactors engineering, b) selfpropagating reactions for environmental protection, c) adsorption and ion-exchange, d) waste vitrification and e)
mechanochemistry. All of them are widely recognized as areas of extremely high relevance from the scientific point of
view and, more generally, for an industrial country. The Unit contribution seems to be of national and international
relevance as far as the gas-liquid reactor engineering is concerned. In fact, important contracts with Inca Inernational, a
177
subsidiary of Dow Chemical have been signed on this topic, i.e. the production of terephthalic acid through p-xylene
oxidation. In area b), the Unit is considered to be the most important one in the EC and has been funded by the Italian
Space Agency and the European Space Agency. Although the relevance of the Unit's contribution to the area of
adsorption and ion-exchange has not reached the level of the other two areas mentioned above, the Unit has given a
valuable contribution for the exploitation of sardinian natural zeolites for environmental applications. Finally, in the
area of waste vitrification and mechanochemistry, new and easy-to-use techniques for soil remediation or to inertize
toxic wastes are being currently investigated. These findings will represent new and successful developments which
will be of major relevance in the field and consequently be used as a strategic projects for future funding.
6.5
C.N.R. NATO Fellowship (G. Cao) 2000
Nominee for 500 Leaders of Science (G. Cao) Dec. 2001
University of Cagliari Representative in the Interuniversity Consortium
"Chemistry for the Environment" (G. Cao) 1994 – present
Coordinator, Sardinian Branch of Italian Association of Chemical
Engineering (G. Cao) 1995 - present
Director, Interdepartmental Centre of Environmental Science and
Engineering (G. Cao) 1996 - present
Guest Editor for Chemical Engineering Communication (G. Cao) 1998
Prize “Mario Balbi” (R. Orrù) 1998
Member of the Founding Committee of International Combustion Synthesis Research
Association (G. Cao) 1999
C.N.R. NATO Fellowship (R. Orrù) 1999
Chairman of the Session “Separation Technology” at the IV Italian Conference
on Chemical and Process Engineering, Florence (G. Cao) May 1999
Member of the International Advisory Committee of the V Int. Symposium
on SHS, Moscow (G. Cao) August 1999
Co-Chairman of the Session “Effect of Electric and Electromagnetic Field on Self-Propagating Reactions”at the
V Int. Symposium on SHS, Moscow (G. Cao) August 1999
Member of the International Scientific Council of the International
Journal of SHS (G. Cao) January 2000 – present
Member of the International Advisory Committe of SHS-2001 (G. Cao) February 2000
Member of the International Advisory Committe of the Fourth International
Workshop on Materials Processing at High Gravity (G. Cao) June 2000
Coordinator of the International PhD program in Environmental Science and Engineering (G. Cao) July 2001
President of the Scientific Forum of of Cleaner Production Centre (CPC) Italia (G. Cao) April 2001 – present
Chairman of the Session “Separation” at The International Conference Icheap-5 (G. Cao) May 2001
Chairman of the Session “Effect of gravity on materials synthesis and processing" at
EUROMAT 2001 (G. Cao) June 2001
President of of the Admission Committee for PhD in Environmental Science and
Engineering (G. Cao) October 2001
6.6
Key Publications
A. Cincotti, R. Orru', A. Broi and G. Cao, "Effect of catalyst concentration
and simulation of precipitation processes on the liquid-phase catalytic oxidation
of p-xylene to terephthalic acid", Chemical Engineering Science, 52, 4205-4213 (1997).
G. Cao, S. Doppiu, M. Monagheddu, R. Orru', M. Sannia and G. Cocco, "The thermal and
mechanochemical self-propogating degradation of chloro-organic compounds: the case
of hexachlorobenzene over calcium hydride, Industrial Engineering Chemistry Research, 38,
3218-3224 (1999).
G. Carta, A. Cincotti and G. Cao, "Linear driving force approximation for binary ion exchange",
Separation Science and Technology, 34,1-16 (1999).
M. Sannia, R. Orrù, A. Concas and G. Cao, “Self-propagating reactions for environmental protection:
Remarks on treatment and recycling of zinc hydrometallurgical wastes”, Industrial Engineering
Chemistry Research, 40, 801-807 (2001).
A. Cincotti, R. Orrù, N. Lai, and G. Cao, “Sardinian Natural Clinoptilolites for Heavy
178
Metals and Ammonia Removal: Experimental and Modeling”, The Chemical
Engineering Journal, 84, 275-282 (2001).
7.
Scientific Output
7.1
Publication Policy
In general the ratio scientific to professional publication should be increased. This result will be obtained by publishing
one good paper in a qualified journal instead of publishing 3 or 4 good short papers in less important journals or
conference proceedings. The publication policy is aimed to otain at least 3 good papers from each PhD student’s
activity. It is then expected that the Unit will “produce” at least three good publication per year per professor, in
addition to at least two professional publications, so that the trend in the quality and quantity of scientific output will be
constantly increasing.
7.2
Numerical data
Category
PhD-Dissertations
1997
1
1998
1
1999
1
2000
0
2001
1
Total
4
2
3
8
10
13
36
Master’s Theses
6
4
5
6
4
1
5
4
3
4
23
19
8
Self-evaluation
The Unit has the following strengths:
• hard working capability (typical working hours per week are from 50 to 60 for each Unit member)
• great enthusiasm and thorough knowledge of the state of the art of each field of interest
• top Unit in Europe for studies on self-propagating reactions for environmental protection
• strong academic international collaborations
• strong contacts with industries and local administrations
• presence of the Unit within INCA and INSTM
The Unit has the following weaknesses:
• lack of financial support for long periods projects
• lack of financial support for the purchase of expensive equipments
• small number of PhD students per year and difficulty of recruiting PhD internationally
• small laboratories and offices and no dedicated technicians
• long term delivery of consumables and high costs for transportation (no trains can be used !)
Actions taken to further improve the quality of the Unit and to strengthen its viability
• improve coordination among professors
• accurate selection of PhD students
• secretary personnel availability
Actions to be taken to further improve the quality of the Unit and to strengthen its viability
• write stronger research proposals for the EC
• establish suitable networks in the EC to participate to EC calls for proposal
• dedicate more time on research instead of writing insignificant abstracts and papers for conference
proceedings
decrease the teaching duties, at least to the level of other countries, and the time dedicated to meaningless meetings
Appendix I
Scientific Output
I-1
I.1.1 Dissertations
179
Year
Name PhD-student
Supervisor
1997
Barbara Simoncini
Self-Propagating High-Temperature
Synthesis Applications.
G. Cao
1998
Alberto Cincotti
Experimental Analysis and Modeling
of Multiphase Reacting Systems.
G. Cao
1999
Mariella Sannita
Self-Propagating High-Temperature
Synthesis of Advanced Materials
G. Cao
2001
Nicola Lai
Adsorption processes on natural
zeolites: experimental and modeling
G. Cao
I.1.2
Master's Thesis
Year
1997
Name Master’s student Title of the Dissertation
Maria Vittoria Simeone Self-Propagating Reactions for
Industrial Wastes Recycling.
1997
1997
Deborah Manca
Adsorption Equilibria on Sardinian
Natural Zeolites.
Carlo Broi
1997
Marcello Murru
1998
Bruno Cau
Supervisor
G. Cao/R.Orrù
G. Cao/R.Orrù
On the Liquid Phase Oxidation of
p-Xylene to Terephtalic Acid.
Liquid-Liquid Equilibria for Hydrocarbons
and Formil-Morpholine
Self-propagating reactions for the treatment
of hydrometallurgical wastes
G. Cao/A. Cincotti
G. Cao/A. Cincotti
G. Cao/R. Orrù
1998
Alessio Marcus
Self-propagating reactions for the treatment
of hydrometallurgical wastes
1998
Andrea Floris
Temperature measurements in laminar
flames and modeling studies
G. Cao
Utilization of Sardinian Natural Zeolites
for Environmental Applications.
G. Cao/R.Orrù
1998
Cesare Dellacà
1998
Nicola Lai
1998
Gianluca Secci
1999
2000
2000
G. Cao/R.Orrù
Simulation of the Ammono-oxidation Reactor
Chemical microsensors for heavy metal
detection in solution
G. Cao/A. Cincotti
G.Cao/P. Papet
Alessandro Concas
Environemntal applications of Self-propagating
reactions
Maurizio Ligas
Effect of catalyst concentration and solvent medium
on liquid-phase oxidation of p-xylene oxidation
Antonio Mario Locci
Field-assisted combustion synthesis: experimental
and modeling
G. Cao/R. Orrù
G. Cao/A. Cincotti
G. Cao/R. Orrù
2000
Stefano Perra
Adsorption processes involving natural materials
G. Cao/ R. Orrù
2000
Anna Rita Mameli
Adsorption Equilibria on Sardinian Natural Zeolites
G. Cao/ R. Orrù
2001
Carlo Patteri
G. Cao
2001
Aristeo Marras
G. Cao
180
2001
2001
Claudia Pizzalis
Francesca Sini
I-2
Adsorption processes involving Sardinian
Natural Zeolites
G. Cao
Characterization and Exploitation of Sardinian
Natural Zeolites
G. Cao
1997
RELATED TO MAIN INCA TOPICS
A.Cincotti, R. Orru', A. Broi and G. Cao, "Effect of catalyst concentration and
simulation of precipitation processes on the liquid-phase catalytic oxidation of
p-xylene to terephthalic acid", Chemical Engineering Science, 52, 4205-4213 (1997).
NOT RELATED TO MAIN INCA TOPICS
G. Cao, G. Concas, A. Corrias, R. Orru', G. Paschina, B. Simoncini, G. Spano,
"Investigation of the Reaction between Ferric Oxide and Aluminum accomplished
by Ball Milling and Self-propagating High-temperature Techniques", Zeitschrift fur
Naturforschung-Part a, 539-549 (1997).
1998
A. Cincotti, R. Orru', G. Carta and G. Cao, "On the Liquid-Phase Catalytic Oxidation of p-Xylene:
the Influence of Catalyst Concentration", Proceedings of the International Conference on Catalysis
in Multipase Reactors, Toulose, France, 3-10 (1998).
A. Gavriilidis, S. Melis and G. Cao, "Hydrodemetallation catalyst pellets
with nonuniform radial pore size distribution", Chemical Engineering Communication,
163, 37-54 (1998).
R. Orru', B. Simoncini, P. F. Virdis and G. Cao, "Mechanism of Structure Formation in
Self-Propagating Thermite Reactions: The Case of Alumina as Diluent", Chemical
Engineering Communication, 163, 23-36 (1998).
1999
A.Cincotti, R. Orru' and G. Cao, "Kinetics and related engineering aspects of catalytic
liquid-phase oxidation of p-xylene to terephthalic acid", Catalysis Today, 52, 331-347 (1999).
R.Orru', M. Sannia, A. Cincotti and G. Cao, "Treatment and recycling of zinc hydrometallurgical
wastes by self-propagating reactions", Chemical Engineering Science, 54, 3053-3061 (1999).
G. Carta, A. Cincotti and G. Cao, "Linear driving force approximation for binary ion exchange",
Separation Science and Technology, 34,1-16 (1999).
G. Cao, S. Doppiu, M. Monagheddu, R. Orru', M. Sannia and G. Cocco, "The thermal and mechanochemical
self-propogating degradation of chloro-organic compounds: the case of hexachlorobenzene over calcium
hydride, Industrial Engineering Chemistry Research, 38, 3218-3224 (1999).
G. Cocco, S. Doppiu, M. Monagheddu, G. Cao, R. Orru'and M. Sannia, “Self-propagating
high-temperature reduction of toxic chlorinated aromatics”, Int. J. of SHS., 8, 521 - 526 (1999).
R.Orru', G.Cao and Z. A. Munir, "Mechanistic investigation in the field-activated combustion
synthesis (FACS) of titanium aluminides, Chemical Engineering Science, 54, 3349-3355 (1999).
181
R.Orru', G.Cao and Z. A. Munir, "Field-assisted Combustion Synthesis of Titanium Aluminides",
Metallurgical & Materials Transactions A-Physical Metallurgy & Materials Science, 30A, 1101-1108 (1999).
A. Cincotti, M. Murru, G. Cao, B. Marongiu, F. Masia and M. Sannia, "Liquid-liquid e
quilibria of hydrocarbons with n-formylmorpholine", Journal of Chemical Engineering Data,
44, 480-483 (1999).
2000
R. Orrù, N. Lai, A. Cincotti, G. Cao, P. Accardo, M. Boi, and R. Lonis, “Utilization of
Sardinian Natural Clinoptilolites for Heavy Metals and Ammonia Removal”, IEX2000,
J.A. Greig (ed.), The Royal Society of Chemistry, Imperial College Press, 158-165 (2000).
Usai G., “Na-Borate as anti-corrosion admixture in reinforced concrete”,
Materials Engineering, 2000, Vol. 11, n. 1, pp. 81/90.
ΝΟΤ ΡΕΛΑΤΕ∆ ΤΟ ΜΑΙΝ ΙΝΧΑ ΤΟΠΙΧΣ
G.Cao, M.L. Pilia and A. Viola, “Simulazione modellistica del reattore e del rigeneratore
dell’unità FCC”, Pitagora Editrice Bologna, 1-96 (2000).
V. Kostanyan, H. H. Nersisyan, S. L. Kharatian, D. Zedda, R. Orru’ and G. Cao,
“Chemically Stimulated Combustion in Zr/SiO2/C System and Synthesis of ZrO2/SiC
Composite Ceramic Powders Containing SiC Whiskers” Int. J. SHS, vol. 9, N. 4, 387-402 (2000)
G. Cao, R. Orrù, A. Cincotti, and E. Medda, “Self-propagating high-temperature reactions:
remarks and recent results”, Recent Research Developments in Chemical Engineering –
Transworld Research Network, 4, 383-441 (2000).
“A neutron diffraction study of mechanically alloyed and in-situ annealed Al75Mo25 powders”,
S. Enzo, R. Frattini, P. Canton, M. Monagheddu, F. Delogu, J. Appl. Phys., 87 (6) (2000) 2753.
“Relating single-impact events to macrokinetic features in mechanical alloying processes”,
F. Delogu, G. Cocco, J. Mater. Synth. Proc., 8 (5-6) (2000) 271.
“Toward a quantitative understanding of the mechanical alloying process”, G. Cocco,
F. Delogu, L. Schiffini, J. Mater. Synth. Proc., 8 (3-4) (2000) 167.
“A neutron diffraction study of the annealing behaviour of Al-Fe alloys prepared by
Ball Milling”, S. Enzo, G. Mulas, F. Delogu, G. Principi, J. Mater. Synth. and Proc.,
8 (5-6) (2000) 313.
2001
M. Sannia, R. Orrù, A. Concas and G. Cao, “Self-propagating reactions for environmental
protection: Remarks on treatment and recycling of zinc hydrometallurgical wastes”,
Industrial Engineering Chemistry Research, 40, 801-807 (2001).
A.Cincotti, R. Orrù, M. Pisu and G. Cao, “Self-propagating reactions for environmental
protection: reactor engineering aspects”, Industrial Engineering Chemistry Research, 40, 5291-5299 (2001).
A.Cincotti, R. Orrù, N. Lai, and G. Cao, “Sardinian Natural Clinoptilolites for Heavy
Metals and Ammonia Removal: Experimental and Modeling”, The Chemical Engineering
Journal, 84, 275-282 (2001).
R. Orrù, A. Cincotti, A. Concas and G.Cao, “Development of processes for environmental
protection based on self-propagating reactions”, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, (2001).
D. Carta, G. Cao and C. D’Angeli, “Chemical Recycling of Poly(ethylene tetephthalate)
(PET) by Hydrolysis and Glycolysis”, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, (2001).
182
R. Orrù, A. Cincotti, G. Cao and Z. A. Munir, “Mechanistic investigation of electric
field-activated self-propagating reactions: experimental and modeling”, Chem. Eng. Sci.,
56, 683-692 (2001).
A.V. Abovyan, H. H. Nersisyan, S. L. Kharatian, R. Orrù, R. Saiu, G. Cao and D. Zedda,
“Synthesis of alumina – silicon carbide composites by chemically activated self-propagating
reactions, Ceramics International, 27, 163-169 (2001).
R. Orrù, J. Woolman, G. Cao and Z.A. Munir, “The synthesis of dense nanometric MoSi2
through mechanical and field activation”, J. of Mater. Research, V16 N5:1439-1448 (2001).
A. Cincotti, G. Murgia, R. Orru’ and G. Cao, “On the modeling of the copper block front
quenching technique to investigate solid-solid self-propagating high-temperature reactions”,
Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 40, 3451-3458 (2001).
A.S. Rogachev, V.N. Sanin, A.E. Sytschev, V.I. Yukhvid, E. Medda, R. Orrù and G. Cao,
“Self-propagating High-temperature Centrifugal Processing: the case of Cu2O-Cu-Al and
Cu2O-Al Systems”, Proceedings of the IVth International Workshop on Materials Processing
at High Gravity: Processing by Centrifugation, Liya L. Regel and William R. Wilcox
Editors, Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 201-212 (2001).
M. Pisu, A. Cincotti, G. Cao and F. Pepe, “Simulation of the effect of mass transfer limitations in
complex gas-liquid reactions”, Proceedings of the International Symposium Reaction Kinetics and
Development of Catalytic Processes, Froment and Waugh Editors, Elsevier, 471-476 (2001).
“A quantitative description of the amorphisation behaviour by mechanical alloying”, F. Delogu,
L. Schiffini, G. Cocco, Mater. Sci. Forum, 360-362 (2001) 337.
“The invariant laws of the amorphisation processes by Mechanical Alloying. Part I: experimental
findings”, F. Delogu, L. Schiffini, G. Cocco, Phil. Mag. A, 81 (8) (2001) 1917.
I-3
1997
B. Simoncini, R. Orru' and G. Cao, "Self-propagating Reactions for Treating and
Recycling Zinc Hydrometallurgical Wastes", Proceedings of the 5th Conference and
Exibition of the European Ceramic Society - Key Engineering Materials Vols. 132-136, 2276-2279 (1997).
R. Orru', B. Simoncini, D. Carta, and G. Cao, "On the Mechanism of Structure and
Product Formation in Self-propagating Thermite Reactions", Proceedimgs of the
International Conference on Advances in Chemical Engineering ICAChE 96,
Allied Publishers, Bombay, 21-26, (1996) and Inter. J. Self-Prop. High-Temp. Synth., 6, 15-27 (1997).
R. Orru', B. Simoncini, P. F. Virdis and G. Cao, "Self-propagating Thermite Reactions:
Effect of Alumina and Silica in the Starting Mixture on the Structure of the Final
Products", Metallurgical Science & Technology, 15 (1), 31-38 (1997).
R. Orru', B. Simoncini, M. Sannia, A. Cincotti and G. Cao, "Combustion synthesis
of intermetallics", FRANTIC '97, Chia Laguna, I/1.1-I/1.4, (1997).
R. Orru', B. Simoncini, M. Sannia, A. Cincotti and G. Cao (speaker), "Materiali innovativi
per sintesi autopropagante ad alta temperatura", Atti del Convegno-Esposizione Materiali Ricerca
e Prospettive Tecnologiche alle soglie del 2000, Milano, 889-896 (1997).
“Resistenza all’attacco solfatico di calcestruzzi contenenti Na-silicati” G. Usai. L’EDILIZIA, 11-12,
183
1997 PP 72-75
1998
B. Simoncini, R. Orru' and G. Cao, "An Innovative Approach for Treating and Recycling Zinc
Hydrometallurgical Wastes", Proceedings of the I National Congress - Valorization and Recycling
of Industrial Wastes, Mucchi Editore, 307-314 (1998).
M. Sannia, B. Simoncini, R. Orru', A. Cincotti and G. Cao, "Sviluppo di una tecnica innovativa
per il trattamento e il riciclo di residui della idrometallurgia dello zinco", Atti del IV Congresso
Nazionale AIMAT, PTM editrice, 594-601 (1998).
NOT RELATED TO INCA MAIN TOPICS
R.Orru', Z. A. Munir and G.Cao, "Sintesi per combustione di alluminuri di titanio",
Atti del IV Congresso Nazionale AIMAT, PTM editrice, 185-192 (1998) and Atti
del XXVII Convegno Nazionale AIM, AIM (ed.), 29-35 (1998).
A.Cincotti, R. Orru', M. Sannia, G. Storti and G. Cao, "Indagine sperimentale e modellistica
della tecnica di estinzione del fronte in reazioni di combustione autopropagante per la sintesi
di materiali avanzati", Atti del IV Congresso Nazionale AIMAT, PTM editrice, 209-216 (1998).
1999
A. Cincotti, R. Orru', M. Sannia, D. Zedda and G. Cao, "Combustion front quenching techniques for
SHS macrokinetics studies", Advances in Science and Technology - Ceramics: Getting into the
2000's - Part C, P. Vincenzini Ed., Techna Srl, Vol. 15, 231-238 (1999).
T. Faravelli, A. Goldaniga, E. Ranzi, M. Pisu and G. Cao, “Ignition Delay Times and Knocking
Tendency of Kerosene”, Proceedings of The Fourth Italian Conference on Chemical and
Process Engineering, AIDIC Conference Series, Vol. IV, ERIS C.T., Milano, 9-16 (1999).
G. Usai, G. Cao, “Spezialbeton fur transport und lagerung radioaktiver abfalle”, Proceedings
KONTEC-99 / Hamburg, pagg. 773/783.
G. Usai, R. Porcu, “Il Tufo di Cagliari: Indagine preliminare sul degrado”, Proceedings del congresso
ART-99 (ConserV. Of the cultural and Environ. Heritage), Roma maggio ’99, vol. I, pp. 661/670.
2000
M. Pisu, A. Cincotti, R. Orrù, G. Cao and Z. A. Munir, “Modeling of electric field-activated
self-propagating reactions”, Proceedings of the International Conference “Mass and Charge
Transport in Inorganic Materials”, P. Vincenzini, V. Buscaglia Eds., 905-912 (2000).
A.S. Rogachev, V.N. Sanin, A.E. Sytschev, V.I. Yukhvid, E. Medda, R. Orrù and G. Cao,
“Studio dell’influenza della gravità nei processi di sintesi autopropagante ad alta temperatura:
il caso dei sistemi Cu2O-Cu-Al e Cu2O-Al”, Atti del XXVIII Convegno Nazionale AIM, AIM (ed.),
729-737 (2000).
Υσαι Γ., Γλι εφφεττι δελλ αγγιυντα δι σαλι φοσφατι α παστε δι χεµεντο , Λ Ε∆ΙΛΙΖΙΑ,
ν. 3/4 απριλε 2000, ππ. 42/48.
Υσαι Γ., Ρεµοϖαλ οφ πηοσπηατεσ φροµ Ωαστε ωατερσ , Προχεεδινγσ δελ χονγρεσσο ΣΙ∆ΙΣΑ 2000,
Τρεντο σεττ. 2000, ςολ. 2, ππ. 147/150.
Υσαι Γ., Χ. Χαυ, Σιντεσι ιδροτερµαλε δι µατεριαλι νεολιτιχι , ΙΧΠ, ριϖιστα δελλ Ινδυστρια Χηιµιχα,
Μιλανο, γιυγνο 2000.
2001
184
E.Medda, R. Orrù, G. Cao, J. Fry, J. Y. Guignè and M. Zell, “Effects of microgravity on
high-temperature self-propagating reactions”, Proceedings of the First International
Symposium on Microgravity Research in Physical Sciences and Biotechnology, ESA SP-454,
January 2001, 299-306 (2001).
R. Orrù, F. Delogu, A. Uda, A. Cincotti, A. Locci, R. Licheri, G. Cao, “Tecnologie innovative di
sintesi di materiali per applicazioni aerospaziali”, Atti del Workshop "Materiali per lo spazio: sintesi,
metodologie, tecnologie - BONASSOLA (SP)", Passerone A. and Muolo M. L. Eds., 79-109 (2001).
Usai G., “High Density Concretes for radioactive wastes storage”, (part. I). Proceedings of ICEM-01;
Int. 1 Conf. On Envir. Management (CD Rom) Brugge (Belgium) october 2001.
I-4
Appendix 2
It is well known how difficult is to rank scientific journals. For example, absolute values of impact factors outside the
context of other journals within the same subject area is virtually meaningless. On the other hand, impact factors, may
be useful to establish the influence journals have within the literature of a discipline. Anyway, the selected citation
measures seem to be efficient tools for a necessarily quick evaluation of the research units.
Appendix 3
Name of the Unit:
Research Director:
Years included
Name of Journal
CHEM ENG SCI
IND ENG CHEM RES
Z NATURFORSH A
INT J SHS
CHEM ENG COMM
CATALYSIS TODAY
SEP SCI TECH
METALL MAT TRANS
J CHEM ENG DATA
J APPL PHYS
J MAT SYNTH PROC
CHEM ENG J
ENV SCI POLL RES
CERAMICS INTERN
J MAT RES
MAT SCI FORUM
PHIL MAGAZINE
METALL SCI TECH
CAGLIARI 1
Giacomo Cao
1997-2001
Number
Articles
4
4
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
of Journal
Factor
1.218
1.29
0.744
?
0.36
1.860
0.911
1.06
1.081
2.275
0.49
0.637
1.46
0.4
202
0.981
1.915
?
Impact Field(s)
Chemical Engineering
Chemistry Phys
Mater Sci Tech
Applied Chemistry
Mater Sci Tech
Applied Physics
Mater Sci Tech
Mater Sci Tech
Mater Sci Tech
Mater Sci Tech
Physics
Mater Sci Tech
Ranking
9/90
10/107
60/76
?
61/107
3/46
29/107
0.92
17/107
9/63
0.51
38/107
0.75
0.68
0.91
0.74
11/47
?
Comments on:
a) the method: Although the selected citation measures seem to be efficient tools for a necessarily quick evaluation of
the research units, a good balance between quality and quantity of papers is probably one of the best techniques to
evaluate the scientific relevance of a unit. Peer review from a qualified panel of five key publications selected by the
unit is probably a very effective route for a thorough evaluation of the unit.
b) the results: The unit has published totally 36 scientific and 23 professional publications, respectively in the last five
years. 29 of the 36 scientific publications are published in scientific journals, i.e. about 5 papers per year. 12 of them,
i.e. about 3 per year are published in top chemical engineering (8), applied chemistry (1), physics (2) and material
185
science (1) journals, respectively. Only 3 scientific publications are published in journals which are not reported in the
ISI Journal Impact Factor Index.
186
CAGLIARI 2
CAGLIARI 2
Research Leader
Lallai Antonio
University:
Università di Cagliari
University of Cagliari
Faculty:
Ingegneria
Engineering
Contact Person
Name: Lallai Antonio
Mailing Address: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica e
Materiali - Piazza d'Armi –
09123 Cagliari
Phone: +39-0706755060
Fax: +390706755067
E-mail: lallai@ dicm.unica.it
Department:
Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica e Materiali
∆επαρτµεντ οφ Χηεµιχαλ Ενγινεερινγ ανδ µατεριαλσ
Thematic area
• Tecnologie biologiche enzimatiche e biomimetiche per le
sintesi ecosostenibili e la decontaminazione ambientale.
The research unit begins its activity at the earlier 90s to connect the experience previously acquired by the two
components in the field of environmental biotechnology (Lallai) and chemical reaction engineering (Mura). The aim of
the unit is to study the environmental problems, with a particular reference to those of the region where they work. The
research carried out has always a fundamental character, but a particular attention is devoted to the application to
problems having a local importance. Unfortunately, the lack of a lower level staff to work together, always slowed the
activity of the unit.
The State University of Cagliari, that was founded in 1607 following the pattern of the old Spanish Universities,
has 9 faculties, 26 Departments and 49 Institutes. The University is at present made up
of the following faculties: Law; Political Science; Economics and Commerce; Arts and Philosophy; Education;
Medicine and Surgery; Mathematics; Physics and Natural Sciences; Pharmacy; Engineering. The University has about
38,000 regular enrolled students, a teaching staff of over 1,200 and an technical administrative staff of about 1,300
people. There are 27 degree courses, 42 specialization courses, 47 research doctorates (13 of which with administrative
seat within the University), 6 special purpose schools and various postgraduate courses. The University awards the
following educational qualifications: University Degree, Specialistic Degree, Master, PhD. The University of Cagliari
is a well established part of the national and international scientific community due to the qualified and deep research
activity in in many different and most advanced technology fields. The University is directed by the Provost who is the
President of both the Administration Council and the Academic Senate. Only two Universities are present in Sardinia,
while the University of Cagliari is the largest one in terms of student population and faculty members. The Faculty of
Engineering where the Professors of the research unit perform their work has an annual student population over 7000
with about 250 faculty members. The unit that will conduct the work relevant to this project is constituted by 2
associated professors.
The Unit
. organisational structure
From 1997 to 2001 the Unit has two permanent members (Profs. Lallai e Mura) plus the temporary presence of three
"borsisti" (Leu in 1998, Caddeo in 1999 and Squilloni in 2001). The two professors carry out full time work in the
university with teaching duties as outlined below.
187
The Unit has a very large teaching load in different curricula: Chemical Engineering (Impianti di trattamento degli
effluenti inquinanti, Elementi introduttivi di Ingegneria Chimica, Teoria dello sviluppo dei processi chimici),
Environmental Engineering (Impianti di trattamento degli effluenti inquinanti), Biotechnology (Laboratorio di
bioingegneria, Bioingegneria Industriale)
The University has participated and still participates in several EU programmes (Erasmus/Socrates, etc.). Within these
programmes the Unit hosted several students coming from both UE and non-UE countries.
Apart from their load, the two professors are involved with research activity as well as the management of the
Department and Faculty.
They are directly concerned with relations with public bodies, private companies and other socially committed groups
or organisations.
The aim of some of these contacts is to generate funds to help finance research projects.
The two permanent members of the Unit handle all bureaucratic matters concerning the above activities. Apart from
supplying essential services (telephone, electricity, photocopies, etc.), their Department also makes available the
laboratories in which the research is carried out as well as providing library and accounting services.
. teaching load
=>Lallai
- 100-hour course for full degree in Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering
- 50-hour course for first degree (diploma, up to 1999) and degree (laurea from 1999 to 2001) in Environmental
Engineering 2000-01
- 70-hour course for first degree in Agro-Industrial biotechnology - Faculty of MFN Sciences - from 2001
- 8-hour postgraduate course
- member of board for Doctoral Degree in Chemical Engineering (up to 2000)
- member of board for full degree in Chemical Engineering
- member of board for first degree in Environmental Engineering
. supervisor
of 20 first and full degree theses.
=>Mura
- 150-hour course for full degree in Chemical Engineering
- 60-hour course for first degree in Agro-Industrial biotechnology - Faculty of MFN Sciences - from 2001
- 8-hour postgraduate course
- member of board for Doctoral Degree in Chemical Engineering
- president of board for full degree in Chemical Engineering
. supervisor
of 10 full degree theses.
1.Title:
Chemical Engineering Technologies applied to the treatment of pollutant effluents
2.Programme Director
Lallai Antonio
2a
Among the research fields developed by the team, particular emphasis has been placed on the two themes (i)
environmental biotechnology, (ii) chemical reaction engineering applied to the environmental field. The first research
theme is co-ordinated by Lallai and the second by Mura.
3.Composition of the scientific research staff of the unit at 1 January 2002
188
Name and Titles
Year
of
Birth
Rank
Research
Input in fte
in 2001
Lallai Antonio, Prof.
Mura Giampaolo, Prof.
Squilloni Emanuela, Ing.
1947
1948
1974
Assoc. Prof.
Assoc. Prof.
Borsista
0,5
0,5
0,2
1,6
Category
1997
Full Professors
1
Ricercatori
Post-docs
PhD-students
Borsisti
Total
1
Remarks
6 months only
1998
1999
2000
2001
Total
1
1
1
1
5
0,5
1.5
0,5
1.5
1
0,2
1.2
1,2
6.2
Comments
Engineer Leu, A. joined this unit (sub unit Chemical Reaction Engineering) during the year 1998 as Borsista for a
period of two years, but abandoned the unit after one year
Engineer Caddeo, C. joined this unit (sub-unit Biothec Engng) during the year 1999 as Borsista for a period of two
years, but abounded the unit after one year.
Engineer Squilloni, E. joined this unit (sub-unit Chemical Reaction Engineering) during the year 2001 as Borsista for a
period of two years, but abounded the unit after six months.
At this time no modification of the unit may be forecast. However, we are seriously considering to merge our unit with
another “small” unit to constitute a new greater one.
1.Funding
5.1
Personnel (in fte)
Source
University
CNR
European Union
Other Sponsors
Total
1997
1
1998
1.5
1999
1.5
2000
1
2001
1.2
Total
6.2
1,4
1,9
1,9
1,4
1,6
8,2
2001
79
Total
223.5
79
16
54
293.5
1.3Materials and Equipment (in Million Lire)
Source
CNR
EU
Other Sponsor
Total
1997
10
1998
12.5
1999
28
2000
94
16
25
51
12
24.5
8
36
9
103
1.3Comments:
The amounts reported above, represent the whole financial support given by MURST-University. However, this
amount can be used only in part by the unit since about 10%of the total used by the Department and INCA for
overheads.
189
Moreover, we should point out the progressive decrease of the financial support deriving by public subjects. This unit
can provide for this decrease using funds deriving by other sponsors. This fact has a positive side as regards the ability
achieved by the unit in facing problems regarding plants at a scale larger than those (at lab-scale) generally used during
research work. Besides, funding problems induces the unit to contact local producers and authorities with the final
result of an outside fall-out of the research activity that is essentially fundamental research. The negative side is due to
the need to face external work, so reducing the strictly scientific productivity, computed in terms of publications in
journals.
Major sponsors and the character of the liaison
6.
The University: L. 488 and ex-40% and 60% Ministry funding.
Sotacarbo: a contract for feasibility study of an incineration system
EMSA: a contract regarding the treatment of red mud produced by the Bayer process
Progress Report
1.3Mission Statement
This Unit's area of research is that of pollutants removal. Our aim has been to make a contribution in both
basic and applied research. In particular, attention, has been focused on some of the serious problems related to
air pollution, water pollution and soil contamination. For the former, the emphasis has been posed on the
emerging technologies for the elimination of acid gases from combustion effluent with dry processes. As
regards the second theme, work is being carried out on the application of soft, inexpensive technologies biological processes - both for the treatment of high-organic-load wastewater (using aerobic reactors) and for
the decomposition of toxic compounds too (e.g. phenolics present in olive oil mill effluent using bacterial
cultures). Regarding the contaminated soil two lines have been developed: (a) the bioremediation of soil
polluted with recalcitrant compounds and (b) the forecast of organic pollutants dispersion in unsaturated soil
by means of mathematical models.
This basic research is devoted to a kinetic study of the processes and to identify the principal parameters that
affect the performance of various processes (e.g.s. efficiency of gaseous acid elimination, degree of phenol
removal, etc.). Along with this research, efforts have been made to establish closer contact with local
producers and authorities in order to apply the processes under study to the resolution of the environmental
problems created by working plants in our region. For example, contacts have been made with companies
dealing with plants for burning coal together with refuse, our contribution has regarded both the problems
related to the pre-treatment of the refuse to be burnt and the removal of particulate and acid gases from
combustion effluent. In addition, contact with olive oil mills managers has been concerned with treating
polluted wastewater with microbial cultures.
Sub-programme Chem.Engng Reaction
This line of research tackles the problems relating to the removal of gaseous acids present in the flue gas produced by
the combustion of both traditional fuels (coal, oils) and of municipal and industrial waste.
The work, which began in the previous years, on the dry removal of HCl produced during the incineration of municipal
solid waste, was continued also in the last five years. Two distinct lines were followed. The first line involved the
simulation of an existing dry removal plant. In collaboration with a company, we studied the semi-dry type process that
uses a suspension of slaked lime as a sorbent. The most important equipment (the chemical reactor and the filter bag)
were simulated. The results obtained emphasized the essential function of the filter bag in HCl removal. Some
simplified and not usual kinetics were used in designing the mathematical model. The second line of research is of a
more fundamental kind. The influence on reactivity of the presence of both water vapour and other pollutants (SO2 and
HF) in addition to HCl was studied.
In the last years we were interested also in sulphur dioxide wet removal. The kinetics of SO2 removal by means of both
seawater and various suspensions of Bayer red mud were studied in a wetted wall column. The same study is now
carried out in a laboratory scale packed bed column.
Another study was carried out on the dispersion of organic pollutants in unsaturated soil. A very sophisticated model
was produced, taking into account the adsorption and the biological degradation in addition to the dispersion
phenomena. We are now designing some experimental test to verify the goodness of the theoretical results obtained.
190
The essential equipment to conduct this research is already available. There remains, however, as in the past, a
shortage of research staff. At the time of writing no changes in the staff levels are forecast.
Sub-programme Biotechnology
The Biotechnology sub-project is developing along three lines of research: (a) the biological degradation of organic
substances normally considered resistant to decomposition with mixed bacterial cultures;(b) the treatment of highorganic-load wastewaters using fixed bed biological reactors and (c) the remediation of soil polluted with organic
phenolic compounds
As regards (a), in the last five years our research investigated the degradation of phenolic compounds (chlorophenols
and some of phenols and polyphenols present in olive oil mill effluent) with aerobic mixed bacterial cultures. But a
research have been done to study dephenolisation of catechol solution by olive husk. Both the kinetics of bacterial
growth and the degradation of the particular phenol used were studied, as well as the role of the other organic substrates
present. The aim was to identify the best kinetic model and the optimal conditions (from the point of view of the
presence of other organic substances). to favour the decomposition of the phenolic compounds mentioned. Experiments
were carried out using batch reactors (both mechanically agitated and shaken flasks). The main part of these
experiments are within the research, sponsored by University Ministry (law n. 488) in progress with another unit of
INCA (Cagliari 3). We are studying together the possibility to realise an integrated treatment of olive oil mill effluent
using two different kinds of process (electrochemical and biological) in series. Some of the results obtained have been
examined and published, while others are still being worked on. As for the next five years, we expect to continue to
study the degradation of phenolic compounds mentioned above using aerobic cultures and to begin studying the
degradation of phenolic compounds with anaerobic cultures as well. In one way, we expect to continue the
collaboration with the other INCA unit cited. In particular, our intention is to adopt batch systems to study the role of
the preventive acclimatisation of mixed cultures to these substances, the growth and kinetics of the recalcitrant
substances and to verify the convenience to treat in the anaerobic reactor the waste previously treat in a electrochemical
reactor.
As for (b), work over the last five years examined the application of up-flow anaerobic biofilters for the treatment of
pig waste effluent. The performance of such reactors was studied as regards both the removal of COD and the
production of biogas. The aim was to find a correlation between the running and the performance parameters of the
process with a view to the future application of this kind of reactor in plants of a larger scale compared to the lab-scale
reactors used so far.
As for (c), work over the last few years has been done to study the decontamination of 2-monochlorophenolcontaining forest soil. The main aim was to find the kinetics of disappearance of monochlorophenol
(adsorption by soil and degradation by organisms present in soil), but also to evaluate the role of organisms
previously acclimatised and inoculated in the soil containing monochlorophenol. The next five years should
see the continuation of the experimental research in studying the degradation of different phenolic compounds
in soil polluted by heavy metals.
The essential equipment to conduct this research is already available. There remains, however, as in the past, a shortage
of research staff. At the time of writing no changes in the staff levels are forecast.
•
Since 1997, the unit is working to a project study (Preliminary investigation and feasible optimisation actions for the
production processes in the Sardinian food industry) involving various different cultures inside Cagliari Engineering
Faculty.
•
Sotacarbo
In collaboration with a research group of the Mechanical Engineering Department of our University together
with a regional research centre on coal applications (Sotacarbo), we studied the feasibility of a full-scale plant for MSW
pre-treatment and its co-combustion with coal in a fluid bed to produce electric energy. In this project, our unit
particularly attended to the study of the MSW pre-treatment section as well as gaseous contaminant section.
Bayer Red Mud
During last years, the Unit was involved in a project together with various research teams from different
Universities (Cagliari, Sassari, Trento) that studied the re-use of Red Mud remaining as a by-product in the Bayer
191
process for Alumina production. A very large such plant is present in Sardinia (Eurallumina). Regione Sarda founded
the contract with EMSA (the Sardinian Authority for Mines) in 1997.
In this project, the Unit was particularly concerned with the following topics: (a) mud thickening and (b) use of
suspensions of red mud in seawater as a sorbent to be used in a wet scrubber where the acid gas pollutants could be
removed from flue gas effluent.
•
Within the research projects having high national importance (MURST 40%, year 1998), the unit was included in a
project regarding the study of biological reactors, co-ordinated by Prof. Guido Greco Jr. (Naples University). The
research unit attended to study the treatment of high organic load wastewaters produced by the pig breeding industry.
Beginning from November 2001, for about one year, the unit has been involved in the project on Biodegradation of
recalcitrant compounds present in agriculture and food industry wastewaters, co-ordinated by Prof. Lucio Previtera
(Naples University). This project is carried out by INCA.
1.6Societal Relevance and Impact
Most of the research topics studied by this unity deal with environmental problems present in the Sardinian land.
The presence of a land that is largely uncontaminated induces to adopt soft technologies such as renewable energy and
processes having a low environmental impact. On the other hand, the agriculture and food industries play an important
role in the regional economic texture. This fact convinced the unit to apply the competence acquired in the field of
depuration to problems dealing with the treatment of wastewater produced by the food industry, sometimes with energy
production. As an example, the biological treatment with biogas production and depuration of wastewater containing
recalcitrant compounds were studied.
As the previous research, the study on dry removal of HCl is strictly correlated with the presence in our region of
several incineration plants that are able to treat up to 42% of the municipal waste here produced, a rate that is the higher
among those of other Italian regions.
Also the interest in soil bioremediation partially derives from the presence in the Sardinian land of several industrial
areas, strongly polluted and not yet used.
1.7Further Indications of Quality and Reputation
As regards the work with the local community, the following contracts awarded by public authorities, may be cited.
• Examination of the environmental impact study of the plant IGCC plant by Italian Environmental Ministry
delegated by Regione Sardegna (1999)
• Committee for Regional Energy policy (2000-2001)
• Preliminary study on remediation of a dismissed steel plant - by Judicial authority (1997)
• Study on remediation of a soil polluted by heavy metals - by Judicial authority (1999 - 2001)
• Prof. Lallai is a member (from September 2000) of the Porto Conte Ricerche scientific committee for the
evaluation of research and development project
1.8Key Publication
- A.M.Polcaro, S.Palmas, A.Lallai – “Sequential electrochemical/biological treatment for the removal of 2,6diclorophenol from synthetic wastewater” – Annali di chimica, 91, 303-310 (2001)
- G.Mura, A.Lallai – “Dry removal of hydrochloric acid from flue gas with sodium carbonates” 3rd European
Meeting on Chemical and Environment – Krakow, September 1999, vol. I, 99-104
- A.Lallai, G.Mura, M.Piredda – “Enzymatic detoxification of polyphenols from wastewaters” – 3rd European
Meeting on Chemical and Environment – Krakòw, September 1999, vol. I,. 571-576
- G.Cau, D.Cocco, A.Lallai, G.Mura, M.T.Pilloni – “Power generation from fluidized bed MSW and coal
cofiring. A preliminary design for a 10 MWe demonstration plant” – Proc. of 2nd National Congr. on valorization
and recycling of industrial wastes, L’Aquila, 5-8 luglio 1999
- G.Mura, M.Tabarelli, A.Lallai – “A mathematical model of the semi-dry process for HCl removal from flue
gas using Calcium Hydroxide suspensions” – PRES01 Conf., 20-23 May 2001, Florence. Proceedings p. 279-283
1.Scientific Output
1.3Publication Policy
192
The topics developed by the unit deal with both applied and fundamental research in the field of Chemical and
Environmental Engineering.
Taking this into account, the results obtained were submitted for publication in specialised journals of these cited fields
or presented to specific scientific congresses.
Several results reported in the very large number degree theses that had been recently discussed are not yet published.
In recent times, the unit had to privilege professional publications rather than scientific communications, to reach the
requirements of industrial subjects. However this particular condition may be considered only incidental, so in the next
future a balance between the two publication forms can be attained.
1.4Numerical data
Category
PhD-Dissertation
1997
ScientificPublications
2
Master’s Theses
7
1998
1999
2000
2001
Total
5
4
7
5
21
2
6
7
6
4
30
Self-evaluation
The positive side of the activity of the unit can be summarised as follows.
The topics developed by the unit in the research work are situated in the field of chemical and environmental
engineering. They appear to be innovative and are susceptible of further investigations.
The aggregation with other research units is also promoted by the up-to-dateness of the research. This makes it possible
to participate both to national and local co-operation for their funding and also to acquire consulting works.
All the research work carried out up to now always has a fall out in our region.
In spite of these positive subjects we register a productivity which appears low as for scientific publications and
congress communications. However, this fact is justified in part by an almost total absence of other members of the
team in addition to the high teaching load of both the members of the unit. As a matter of fact the low number of the
unit members, represents its main weakness factor.
As regards the trend of the quantity of scientific output, it is noted that there has been a sensible reduction of the
number of papers published in Journals. This is the most evident weakness of the Unit.
A reduction of the number of publications was registered in the last years. To understand this figure we have to
consider the following factors:
i) The teaching load. – This is dramatically increased in the 1998-2001 period because new degree courses
have been activated and, consequently, both the professors of the Unit have produced extra-efforts on them.
Presently, the teaching load of the Unit is 8 courses covered by 2 teachers
ii) In addition, one professor of the Unit is the co-ordinator of the board for the degree in Chemical
Engineering from 1997 up to now. This office involved a very high work and care, since our Chemical
Engineering degree was transformed in 1998 (the first in Italy together with the Salerno University) according
to the new teaching system.
Appendix 1
Scientific Output
I.1
Overview of Dissertation and Master’s Thesis (1997-2001)
193
I.1.1
Dissertation
I.1.2
Master’s Thesis
Year
1997
Corrado Pangrani
1997
Angelo Schiavino Penco
1997
Barbara Loi
1997
Giovanni Basilio Angioni
1997
Francesco Primavera
1997
Fabio Orru'
1997
Manuela Melis
1998
Enrico Giovanni Maffeis
1998
Salvatore Palmas
1998
Massimo Piredda
1998
Massimo Deidda
1998
Manuela Foddis
1998
Michelangelo Porta
1999
Grazia Maria Contini
1999
Michele Tore
Studi di fluidodinamica e di avviamento di un filtro
anaerobico
Fluodynamics and starting-up of an experimental anaerobic
filter
Depurazione di un refluo acquoso di origine industriale
Treatment of industrial wastewater
Gestione dei rifiuti solidi urbani: smaltimento in discarica
controllata, recupero e riciclaggio
Management of municipal solid waste: disposal in landifill
and recycling
Combustione di rifiuti ospedalieri: gestione di un impianto di
incenerimento
Combustion of hospital wastes: management in a
inceneretion plant
Problemi tecnici nell’impianto di trattamento acque di
Cagliari
Techical problems of the domestic wastewater plant of
Cagliari
Gestione dell’impianto di trattamento acque urbane di
Cagliari
Management of the domestic wastewater plant of Cagliari
Rimozione a secco di HCl e SO2 dai fumi di combustione
mediante Carbonati di Sodio
Dry removal of HCl and SO2 from flue gas by means Sodium
Carbonates
Rimozione di HCl gassoso con bicarbonato di sodio a bassi
tempi di contatto
Kinetics of gas HCl removal with Sodium Bicarbonate at low
residence times
Rimozione di HCl gassoso con carbonati di sodio e di
potassio
Kinetics of gas HCl removal with Sodium and Potassium
Carbonates
Supervisor
Lallai
Degradazione biologica di composti fenolici mediante colture
miste in condizioni anaerobiche.
Biological degradation of phenolic compounds by anaerobic
micro-organisms
Modello matematico del processo di ossidazione e
sedimentazione negli impianti di depurazione
Mathematical model of the oxidation and sedimentation
equipment in wastewater treatment
Bonifica da materiali in amianto
Reclamation from asbestos contaminated materials
Modelli di dispersione di inquinanti idrofobici in terreno
saturo e insaturo
NAPL dispersion in saturated and unsaturated soil
Desolforazione a umido con fanghi rossi Bayer
Kinetics of wet desulfurization with Bayer Red Mud
suspensions
Degradazione di composti fenolici nel terreno
Lallai
Lallai
Lallai
Lallai
Lallai
Lallai
Mura
Mura
Mura
Mura
Lallai
Mura
Mura
Lallai
194
1999
Sergio Pozzo
1999
Marcella Desogus
1999
Alessandro Battiata
1999
Federica Carta
1999
Nicola Onnis
2000
Adriano Cocco
2000
Andrea Agus
2000
Raimondo Vinci
2000
Manuela Tabarelli De Fatis
2000
Daniele Mulas
2000
Luca Baraccani
2001
Silvia Montisci
2001
Lara Erby
2001
Alessandro Orsini
2001
Riccardo Zonza
I.2
Degradation of phenolic substances in soil
Depuratore delle acque reflue di Cagliari: problematiche
tecniche e gestionali
Management and technical problems in the wastewater
treatment plant of Cagliari
La certificazione ambientale di uno stabilimento industriale
Environmental certification of an industrial plant
Organizzazione e strategie di sviluppo della raccolta
differenziata dei rifiuti solidi urbani in Sardegna
Smaltimento dei reflui da allevamenti suini: trattamento
anaerobico e produzione di energia
Anaerobic treatment of pig slurry and energy production
Trattamento di reflui di allevamento di suini mediante filtro
anaerobico.
Treatment of pig slurry by anaerobic filter
Desolforazione di fumi con sospensioni di fango rosso Bayer.
SO2 removal from flue gas by red mud from Bayer
process
Dimensionamento di massima di un impianto compatto per il
trattamento delle acque di scarico urbane
Design of compact plant for treating urban wastewaters
Azione della Polifenolossidasi nella depurazione delle acque
di vegetazione.
Polyphenoloxidase in treating olive oil mill effluent
Rimozione di HCl da fumi mediante Idrossido di Calcio
Kinetics of HCl removal from flue gas with Calcium
Hydroxide
Problemi ambientali connessi all’imbottigliamento di di una
cantina sociale
Environmental problems in wine bottling
Degradazione di acido p-idrossibenzoico mediante
microrganismi aerobici.
Degradation of p-idroxibenzoic acid by means of aerobic
microorganisms
Modelli cinetici per reazioni gas-solido non catalitiche
Analysis of the kinetic models for non-catalytic gas-solid
reactions
Dispersione di inquinanti organici in terreno insaturo
Dispersion of organic pollutants in unsaturated soil
Crescita microbica su soluzioni di glucosio e 2,6diclorofenolo dopo trattamento elettrochimico.
Microbial mixed cultures growing on glucose and 2,6dichlorophenol after electrochemical treatment
Crescita di colture batteriche miste in presenza di composti
fenolici.
Microbial mixed cultures growing on glucose and 2,6dichlorophenol
Lallai
Lallai
Lallai
Lallai
Lallai
Mura
Lallai
Lallai
Mura
Lallai
Lallai
Mura
Mura
Lallai
Lallai
1998
Proceedings of Congress
- A.LALLAI, G.Mura, M.Piredda – “Degradazione di clorofenoli mediante colture anaerobiche miste” Congresso GRICU, Ferrara, 23-25 settembre 1998.- Atti: pp. 19-22
- G.Mura, A.Lallai – “Rimozione a secco di HCl da gas di combustione mediante carbonati di sodio” – Congresso
GRICU, Ferrara, 23-25 settembre 1998 - Atti: pp. 265-268
195
- A.P.Leu, A.Lallai, G.Mura – “Modello matematico di un reattore per la rimozione a semisecco di HCl da fumi
con idrossido di calcio” –Air Quality 98, Ravenna, 25-28 ottobre 1998, Atti: pp. 205-210
Abstract book
- L.Massidda, A.Polcaro, S.Palmas, G.Mura, A.Lallai – “Riutilizzo di fanghi rossi da produzione di allumina
Bayer” - Congresso GRICU, Ferrara, 23-25 settembre 1998 - Abstracts
- A.Lallai, G.Mura, Monitoring system for a batch microbial culture – Water in the Mediterranean area –
Conference on Quality and Quantity of Mediterranean Water Recources – October 11-18, 1998 Conference
Proceedings – WTM-P13 - Abstracts
1999
- G.Cau, D.Cocco, A.Lallai, G.Mura, M.T.Pilloni – “Power generation from fluidized bed MSW and coal cofiring. A
preliminary design for a 10 MWe demonstration plant” – Proc. of 2nd National Congr. on valorization and recycling of
industrial wastes, L’Aquila, 5-8 luglio 1999
rd
- G.Mura, A.Lallai – “Dry removal of hydrochloric acid from flue gas with sodium carbonates” 3 European
Meeting on Chemical and Environment – Krakow, September 1999, vol. I, pp. 99-104
rd
A.Lallai, G.Mura, M.Piredda – “Enzymatic detoxification of polyphenols from wastewaters” – 3 European
Meeting on Chemical and Environment – Krakòw, September 1999, vol. I, pag. 571-576
Other
- G.Mura - "Considerazioni sull'uso del metano in Sardegna", Working papers Assessorato Programmazione Regione
Sardegna, Luglio 1995
2000
Journal
- G.Mura, A.LALLAI, M.Porta – “Trasporto di contaminanti organici idrofobici in acquiferi superficiali. Un
modello monodimensionale per terreno insaturo e saturo”, Atti della Facoltà, vol. 43 n. 27 Ottobre 2000 pp. 101114
- A.Lallai, G.Mura - "Fluid flow patters in up-flow filter" - Proceedings of European Meeting on Chemical and
Environment - Alghero, September 1996, Vol. I, p.185
- G.Mura, A.Lallai, A.Cocco – “Assorbimento di anidride solforosa con sospensioni di fango rosso Bayer in acqua di
mare” – S.C.I. 2000 – Rimini, 4-9 giugno 2000
- A.Lallai, G. Mura, “Degradazione del 2-clorofenolo nel terreno” – Atti 18° Congresso Nazionale AIDII– Trento 2124 giugno 2000, a cura di D. Cottica, GB Bartolucci A. Peretti, E.Grignani, G.Nano, M.Imbriani, Maugeri Foundation
Book, Pavia –pp. 81 - 83
- A.M.Polcaro, S.Palmas, A.LALLAI – “Trattamenti elettrochimici di acque reflue industriali” – S.C.I. 2000 –
Rimini, 4-9 giugno 2000
- A.M.Polcaro, S.Palmas, A.LALLAI, C.Caddeo – “Integration of biological and electrochemical treatments of
wastewaters: optimization of the electrochemical detoxification process” 51th ISE Meeting, Varsawia, September 2000
Abstract book
- G.Mura, A.Lallai – “Assorbimento di anidride solforosa con sospensioni di fango rosso Bayer in acqua di mare”
– Convegno “La Chimica per l’Ambiente” – Roma, 28/2/2000 – Abs. n. 11 Abstracts
2001
Journal
A.M.Polcaro, S.Palmas, A.Lallai, – “Sequential electrochemical/biological treatment for the removal of 2,6diclorophenol from synthetic wastewater” – Annali di chimica, 91, 303-310 (2001)
- G.Mura, M.Tabarelli, A.Lallai – “A mathematical model of the semi-dry process for HCl removal from flue gas
using Calcium Hydroxide suspensions” – PRES01 Conf., 20-23 May 2001, Florence. Proceedings p. 279-283
196
- G. Mura, A.LALLAI – “Sulla cinetica di rimozione a secco di HCl con Ca(OH)2” – VI congresso nazionale di
chimica ambientale – Rosignano Solvay (LI), 5- giugno 2001 (2 pagine)
Abstract book
- A. Lallai, G. Mura, N. Onnis, “ The effects of certain antibiotics on biogas production in the anaerobic digestion of
pig waste slurry” – 4° Convegno INCA – 25-28 febbraio 2001 S.M. Ligure - Abstracts
- A. Lallai, G.Mura, S. Palmas, A. M. Polcaro, L. Baraccani, “ Degradation of para-hydroxybenzoic acid by means of
mixed microbial cultures” - 4° Convegno INCA – 25-28 febbraio 2001 S.M. Ligure - Abstracts
I.3
Overview of Professional Publications (1997-2001) per year
1997
A.Lallai, G.Mura - "Impianto dimostrativo di pre-trattamento rifiuti e co-combustione con carbone in letto fluido per
produzione di energia elettrica" - Contratto con Sotacarbo, 1997
A.Lallai, G.Mura - "Progetto riutilizzo fanghi rossi da produzione di allumina Bayer (Eurallumina) - Contratto con
EMSA - Regione Sardegna, 1997
Appendix II
Name of the Unit:
Research Director: Prof. Antonio Lallai
Year included
1997-2001
Name of Journal
Number of Articles
Atti Facoltà Ingegneria
Annali di Chimica
1
1
Journal
Impact Field(S)
factor
not available
Engineering
0.5
Chemistry
Ranking
197
CAGLIARI 3
CAGLIARI 3
Research Leader
Prof. Anna Maria Poicaro
University:
Facuity: Enginecring
University of Cagliari
Disinquinamento
Contact Person
Name Anna Maria Poicaro
Mailing Address Dip. Ingegneria Chimica e Materiali (Fac.
Ingegneria) p.zza d’armi 09123 Cagliari
Faculty:
Ingegneria
Enginnering
Department:
Dip. Ingegneria Chimica e Materiali
Thematic area
Phone 070-6755059
Fax 070-6755067
e dell’aria; impatto dei prootti di sintesi sull’ambiente).
The Unit
At the present time the unit is structured in the following way:
Anna Maria Polcaro
Simonetta Palmas
Annalisa Vacca
Michele Mascia
Full Professor
Researcher
PhD student
PhD student
leader
assistant leader
collaborator
collaborator
Professor Polcaro and Palmas are involved in didatics as follows:
Polcaro:
Hours/year
credits average student’s number
Chemistry
60
6
300
Chemistry Lab
30
3
30
Industrial Electrochemistry
30
3
15
Palmas:
Industrial Chemistry
50
6
15
Petroleum processing
50
6
10
Furthermore Professor Polcaro and Palmas are involved as supervisors of degree thesis (average number of
thesis/year 5)
1
Title
New technologies for the treatment of effluents
2
Research Leader: Anna Maria Polcaro
198
3
Names and Titles
Year of Rank
Birth
Prof. Anna Maria Polcaro
1941
Eng. Simonetta Palmas
1961
Associate
professor
Researcher
Eng. Michele Mascia
1971
PhD student
1
Eng. Annalisa Vacca
1973
PhD student
1
Research
Input in fte
in 2001
0.5
Remarks
She became full professor in
march 2002
In gen 2001 she became teacher so
that part of its activity was
devoted to didatics
We
expected
he
becomes
researcher next year
We
expected
she
becomes
researcher at the end of the PhD
course
0.7
3.2
Comments
4
Category
Full Professors
Ricercatori
Post-docs
PhD-students
Borsisti
Total
1997
0.6
1
-
1998
0.6
1
-
1999
0.6
1
-
2000
0.5
0.8
-
0.6
2.2
2
3.6
1
2.6
1
2.3
2001
0.5
0.8
2
3.3
Total
2.8
4.6
2
4.6
14
Comments
The composition of the unit had some variations: the programme director became full professor, and two PhD students
joined to the Unit.
5
Funding
5.1
Personnel (in fte)
Source
University
CNR
European Union
Other Sponsors
Total
5.2
1998
1.6
1999
1.6
2000
1.3
2001
3.3
Total
9.4
0.6
2.2
2
3.6
1
2.6
1
2.3
3.3
4.6
14
2000
40
2001
40
Total
80
40
40
132
212
Source
University - MURST
CNR
EU
Other Sponsors
Total
5.3
1997
1.6
Comments:
1997
-
1998
1999
45
45
40
40
47
47
199
The major sponsors were: Regione Sardega in 1997-1999
6.
Progress Report
6.1
Progress analysis
The research on electrochemical removal of organic polllutants from waste waters has been continued. In particular, the
studies on electrochemical oxidation of chlorofenols on bi-dimensional dioxide electrodes have been completed.
Furthermore, the indirect oxidation mediated by oxidant agents electrogenerated “in situ” has been investigated and a
mathematical model has been formulated in order to interprete the experimental results.
At the present time the study is focused on a new electrode material, boron doped diamond, which, due to its properties
is being of interest to scientific and industrial community.
A new research field has been recently opened on soil pollution and remediation. To this aim, the interaction of heavy
metal ions and organic pollutants with soils has been investigated. The results will be the starting point to extend the
study to electrokinetic technique for the remediation of polluted soils.
6.2
The Unit is involved in a research project “Recupero e smaltimento ecocompatibile dei reflui dell’industria
agroalimentare ad alto contenuto fenolico mediante processi chimici e biologici “ in collaboration with Cagliari Unit 2.
The project is still in progress.
We hope that the heavy burocratic procedures with INCA will be reduced in a future.
6.3
Key Publications
1. R. COSSU, A.M. POLCARO, M.C.LAVAGNOLO, M. MASCIA, S. PALMAS, F. RENOLDI
"Electrochemical treatment of landfill leachate" Environ. Sci Technol. 1998, 32, 3570.
2. A.M. POLCARO, S. PALMAS, F. RENOLDI and M. MASCIA, "On the performance of Ti/SnO2
andTi/PbO2 anodes in electrochemical degradation of 2-chlorophenol for waste water treatment", J. Appl.
Electrochem, 29, 147-151, 1999.
3. A.M. POLCARO, S. PALMAS, F. RENOLDI e M. MASCIA, "Three-dimensional electrodes for the
electrochemical combustion of organic pollutants", Electrochim. Acta, 46, p.389-394, (2000).
4. A.M. POLCARO, S. PALMAS, LALLAI A. "Sequential electrochemical/biological treatment for the
removal of 2,6 dichlorophenol from synthetic wastewater", Annali di Chimica, vol.91, 203 (2001).
5. A.M. POLCARO *, M. MASCIA, S.PALMAS, A. VACCA “Kinetic study on the removal of organic
pollutants by electrochemical oxidation process”, Ind.Eng.Chem., 41, 2874 (2002)
7.
Scientific Output
7.1
Publication Policy
The pubblication policy of the Unit is aimed at pubblication in journals of significant scientific relevance in the fields
of Electrochemistry, Environmental Science and Chemical Enginnering. Comunications at some important national and
international congresses and symposia on these fields with preference for restricted symposia devoted to specific
thematics.
7.2
Numerical data
Category
PhD-Dissertations
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
Total
3
2
3
4
3
16
200
Master’s Theses
8
2
5
2
4
6
19
Self-evaluation
Special attention has been paid in the selection of national and international meetings and congreeses, specifically
devoted to fields of interest, which gave some interesting results
1.The Unit is effectively involved in a National research programm (PRIN) financed by MIUR in 1999-2000;
at the present time, a new research programme has been presented. Moreover, the Unit is involved in a
national research programme (PON) on soil remediation which has been submitted to be financed.
2. Recently, the Unit has been invited to partecipate as expert in the field of treating of drinking and industrial
waters, to a Network of Excellence/Integrated Project on “Sustainable Water Supply for Mankind” suggested
as a topic in the VI European Programme
We hope that these may be useful contacts to attract greater funding, and improuve our productivity.
Appendix I
Scientific Output
I-1
I.1.1 Dissertations
I.1.2
Master's Thesis
Accademic
Year
2000-2001
2000-2001
2000-2001
2000-2001
2000-2001
2000-2001
1999-2000
1999-2000
1999-2000
1999-2000
1998-99
Name
master’s Title of the Dissertation
student
Giampaolo Serra
Effetto
del
Trasferimento
di
Materia
sull’ossidazione Elettrochimica di Fenolo su Anodi
di Diamante Drogato al Boro
Pamela Ruffino
Cinetica di Ossidazione Elettrochimica di Composti
Fenolici su Anodi di Diamante Drogato al Boro
Antonio Scalas
Reattori Elettrochimici per il Trattamento di Acque
di Scarico: Prestazioni ed Opportunità
Valentina Cappai
Degradazione Elettrochimica della Frazione
Fenolica delle Acque di Vegetazione delle Olive
Giorgio Marongiu
“Caratterizzazione e Pretrattamenti delle Acque di
Vegetazione delle Olive”,
Patrizia Chessa
Recupero per via elettrochimica dello zinco da
acque contaminate da metalli pesanti
Bernadetta Piseddu
Analisi dell’effetto dei parametri operativi nella
rimozione elettrochimica di composti biorefrattari
da acque di rifiuto
Annalisa Vacca
Pretrattamento elettrolitico di reflui contenenti
composti fenolici
Roberto Coghe
Rimozione di acido p-toluen solfonico da soluzioni
acquose
Valeria Serri
Pretrattamento di reflui industriali mediante agenti
ossidanti elettrogenerati in situ
Claudia Porru
Integrazione del trattamento biologico ed
elettrochimico per la depurazione di scarichi:
Supervisor
Polcaro
Polcaro
Polcaro
Polcaro
Polcaro
Polcaro
Polcaro
Polcaro
Polcaro
Polcaro
Polcaro
201
199899
Alessia Meloni
199798
Gianni Deidda
1997-98
Alessandro Valli
1997-98
Anna Arca
1997-98
Carlo
Lodovici
1997-98
Alessandro
Murgia
I-2
influenza dei parametri operativi sullo stadio
elettrochimico
Ritenzione di metalli pesanti con adsornbenti non
convenzionali: adsorbimento di Cd, Pb, Zn su fango
rosso residuo del processo Bayer
Rimozione di cromo da soluzioni acquose
per trattamento con elettrodi di carbone
poroso.
Inertizzazione di residui solidi da processo
bayer mediante acidi forti e sali di calcio
Depurazione elettrochimica di soluzioni acquose
inquinate da cadmio: effetto dei parametri operativi
sul rendimento
Produzione di materiale inerte per interventi
di ripristino ambientale da residui del
processo Bayer
Rimozione di metalli pesanti tramite un
adsorbente non convenzionale: fango rosso
da processo Bayer
Polcaro
Polcaro
Polcaro
Polcaro
Polcaro
Polcaro
1997
A.M.POLCARO, S.PALMAS, "Electrochemical Oxidation of Chlorophenols at Porous Electrodes", Ind.Eng.Chem .
Res, 36, 1791-1798, 1997
A.M.POLCARO, S.PALMAS, and S. Dernini “Electrochemical removal of organic pollutants from waste waters” in
"Current Topics in Electrochemistry" Pubblisher: Research Trends, Trivandrum, India - vol.4 p138-146, 1997
R. COSSU, A.M.POLCARO, M.C. LAVAGNOLO, S.PALMAS “Treatment of MSW landfill leachate by
electrochemical oxidation”, in Leachate and landfill gas menagement, Vol.II p.463 editors T.H. Christensen, R. Cossu,
R. Stegman, Cagliari 1997
1998
A.M. POLCARO, S. PALMAS, F. RENOLDI E M. MASCIA, “Trattamento elettrochimico di acque di scarico:
rimozione di Cu(II) e Cd (II) da soluzioni acquose.” ICP Rivista dell'Industria Chimica p.149-153 marzo 1998
R. COSSU, A.M. POLCARO, M.C.LAVAGNOLO, M. MASCIA, S. PALMAS, F. RENOLDI "Electrochemical
treatment of landfill leachate" Environ. Sci Technol. 1998, 32, 3570.
1999
A.M. POLCARO, S. PALMAS, F. RENOLDI and M. MASCIA, "On the performance of Ti/SnO2 andTi/PbO2 anodes
in electrochemical degradation of 2-chlorophenol for waste water treatment", J. Appl. Electrochem, 29, 147-151, 1999.
A.M. POLCARO, S. PALMAS, M. MASCIA, F. RENOLDI, and R. L. CORREA DOS SANTOS, "Reticulated
vitreous carbon electrode for copper removal from dilute acidic solutions: effect of dissolved oxygen", Ind. Eng. Chem.
Res, 38, N4, p. 1400-1405, (1999).
A.M. POLCARO, S. PALMAS, F. RENOLDI and M. MASCIA, "Performance of different electrode materials for
electro-oxidation of organic pollutants in waste waters", IChemE Symp. Series No.145 pag.171-180 (1999).
2000
A.M. POLCARO, S. PALMAS, M. MASCIA, F. RENOLDI "Co-disposal of industrial wastes to obtain an inert
material for environmental reclamation", Annali di Chimica, N90, pag.103, (2000)
202
A.M. POLCARO, S. PALMAS, F. RENOLDI e M. MASCIA, "Three-dimensional electrodes for the electrochemical
combustion of organic pollutants", Electrochim. Acta, 46, p.389-394, (2000).
L.SZPYRKOWICZ, F. GRANDI, S. N.KAUL, & A.M. POLCARO, Copper electrodeposition and oxidation of
complex cyanide from wastewater in an electrochemical reactor with a Ti/Pt anode", Ind.Eng.Chem . Res, vol 39, N.7,
p.2132, 2000
A.M. POLCARO, S. PALMAS “Electrochemical oxidation as a stage of combined treatment to reduce the
environmental impact of industrial wastewaters, "Current Topics in Electrochemistry" Pubblisher: Research Trends,
Trivandrum, India - vol.7 p147-151, 2000
2001
A.M. POLCARO, S. PALMAS, LALLAI A. "Sequential electrochemical/biological treatment for the removal of 2,6
dichlorophenol from synthetic wastewater", Annali di Chimica, vol.91, 203 (2001).
A.M. POLCARO *, M. MASCIA, S.PALMAS, A. VACCA, “ Electrochemical Removal of the Phenolic Fraction from
Olive Oil Mill Wastewater” Annali di chimica, vol. 92, (2002)
A.M. POLCARO *, M. MASCIA, S.PALMAS, A. VACCA “Kinetic study on the removal of organic pollutants by
electrochemical oxidation process”, Ind.Eng.Chem . Res, 41, 2874 (2002)
All the pubblications fully meet the thematic area: depollution technologies
Appendix 3
Name of the Unit:
Research Director:
Years included
Name of Journal
Cagliari 3
Anna Maria Polcaro
1997-2001
Number
Articles
Ind.Eng.Chem . Res
3
Annali di Chimica
3
Env. Sci.&Technol
1
J.Appl.Electrochem.
1
IchemE Symp. Series
1
Electrochim. Acta
1
Others
(congress 18
proceedings)
of Journal
Factor
1.181
0.5
3.623
1
1.518
Impact Field(s)
Chemical Eng.
Environm. Sci.
Environm. Sci.
Eectrochemistry
Electrochemistry
Ranking
203
CAMERINO 1
Camerino 1
Research Leader
Prof. ROBERTO BALLINI
University: CAMERINO
Faculty: SCIENZE E TECNOLOGIE (Sciences and
Technologies)
Department: SCIENZE CHIMICHE (CHEMICAL
SCIENCES))
Contact Person
Prof. Roberto Ballini
Mailing address: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
dell’Università, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino (MC)
Phone: +390737402270
Fax:
e-mail: [email protected]
Thematic area
•
•
•
•
Processi chimici e tecnologie pulite
Trasformazioni nell’ambiente
Metodologie analitiche avanzate
Disinquinamento
City: Camerino, a city of about 6.000= inabitants and the University has about 10.000= students, is located on the
Marche Region where there are three other Universities, anyway, the University of Camerino is distinguished by the
presence of the istorical Faculty of Science.
Univerity: The University is a small University in the Italian context, but it is well characterised by an good level of
scientific production, expecially in the field of Chemistry, Fisic and Biology, and by a good teacching level. The
following Faculty are present at the University of Camerino: (i) Science; (ii) Pharmacy, (iii) Jurisprudence; (iv)
Architecture, and (v) Veterinary.
The unit belong to the Faculty of Science and Pharmacy.
The Department: The unit belongs to the Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, which is composed of 14 full professors,
24 associated professors, 19 researchers, 10 administrative employees, 15 technicians. In 2001 the Department income
was around 2.700 million lire. The value of the equipments available in the Department is 6800 million lire and the
available space is 6150 sqm.
Table 1: Università di Camerino (2000/2001)
Facoltà
ARCHITETTURA
FARMACIA
GIURISPRUDENZA
MEDICINA VETERINARIA
Scienze MM.FF.NN
BIOCHIMICA CLINICA (AD INDIRIZZO
ANALITICO-TECNOLOGICO)
BIOCHIMICA E CHIMICA CLINICA
CHIMICA
CHIMICA (N.O.)
D.U. GEOLOGO
D.U.TECNICO
DELLO
SVILUPPO
ECOCOMPATIBILE
DIPLOMA
UNIVERSITARIO
IN
Professori
19
34
37
17
81
Ricercatori
7
18
12
13
55
laureati
iscritti
62
83
416
40
228
818
1082
5511
516
1916
68
19
8
23
2
7
19
18
106
9
39
1
86
204
MATEMATICA
FISICA
FISICA (N.O.)
GESTIONE DELL'AMBIENTE NATURALE E
DELLE AREE PROTETTE
INFORMATICA
INFORMATICA (N.O.)
MATEMATICA
MATEMATICA (N.O.)
SCIENZE BIOLOGICHE (V ANNI)
SCIENZE BIOLOGICHE IV
SCIENZE E TECNICHE CARTARIE
SCIENZE GEOLOGICHE
SCIENZE GEOLOGICHE (N.O.)
SCIENZE NATURALI
SCIENZE NATURALI (N.O.)
SCIENZE TECNICHE CARTARIE (SDFS)
Totale complessivo
18
105
3
10
25
12
82
65
3
18
25
27
8
5
9
14
9
11
276
3
57
165
351
40
56
30
172
42
214
829
9843
The Unit
The unit is composed by a Full Professor of Organic Chemistry, two Researchers, two Ph-D Students.
The unit possess a good experience in Organic Synthesis, and the main fields of research are in the following projects:
-Chemistry of nitroalkanes;
-Synthesis of natural products;
-Studies and application of heterogeneous catalysis in organic synthesis;
-Synthesis of important targets, through nitroalkanes, in aqueous medium.
Teachind load:
Prof Roberto Ballini
Organic Chemistry (for Biological Sciences)
Prof Roberto Ballini
Laboratory of Org. Chem. 2° (for Chemistry)
Dr. Luciano Barboni
Organic Chemistry for druggists
Dr. Giovanna Bosica
Organic Chemistry (for Biotechnology)
Numbers of PhD-students: At ptresent two PhD students are included in the unit, one (Dr Denni Fiorini) involved in the
application of heterogeneous catalysis in organic synthesis, and the other one (Dr Guido Giarlo) involved both in the
reaction in aqueous medium and in the use of heterogeneous catalysis.
1
Title
Application of hetrogeneous catalysis and/or aqueous medium in organic synthesis
2
Research Leader: Prof. Roberto Ballini
2a
3
Names and Titles
Year of Rank
Birth
Roberto Ballini – Prof.
Luciano Barboni – Dott.
Giovanna Bosica – Dott.
Dennis Fiorini – Dott.
Guido Giarlo – Dott.
1946
1965
1967
1975
1972
Full Professor
Researcher
Researcher
PhD-student
PhD-student
Research
Input in fte
in 2001
0.4
0.8
0.8
0.9
0.9
Remarks
Full Professor since 2000
Reseracher since 1991
Researcher since 1999
PhD-student 2002-2005
PhD-student 2002-2005
205
3.8
Comments
During the next 5 years we expected that Dr Giovanna Bosica and Dr Luciano Barboni will get a position of Associate
Professors and a new researcher position will increase our Unit.
4
Category
Full Professors
Ricercatori
Post-docs
PhD-students
Borsisti
Total
1997
1998
1999
2000
0.4
2001
0.4
0.8
1.6
1.6
1.6
Total
0.8
2.4
6.4
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
1.6
1.6
2.4
2.0
2.0
9.6
Comments
The number of structured people is constant during the period under scrutiny and different young graduated and
students are involved in the research activity.
5
Funding
5.1
Personnel (in fte)
Source
University
CNR
European Union
Other Sponsors
Total
5.2
1997
1.6
1998
1.6
1.0
1.0
1999
2.4
2000
2.0
2001
2.0
Total
9.6
1.0
2.0
5.0
Source
University - MURST
CNR
EU
Other Sponsors
Total
5.3
Comments:
6.
Progress Report
1997
41096205
8910000
1998
58655659
1999
55714624
2000
61028611
2001
60449292
Total
276944391
8910000
9250000
3000000
12000000
20000000
35000000
79250000
The main unit’s mission is devoted to the organic synthesis, and in particular, to some “Green” aspects of the
organic synthesis:
-Use of the hetrogeneous catalysis in organic synthesis and transformations (formation of C,C bond through
nitroalkanes, Nitroaldol reaction, Michael reaction, indroduction of protecting groups, deprotection of protecting
groups, dehydration, synthesis of thioureas, etc.);
-Use of water as medium in organic synthesis (nitroaldol reaction, Michael reaction, cleavage of C,C bond);
-One-pot reactions (one pot synthesis of cyclopentenones, 1,4-dicarbonyl derivatives,
1,3-diols, ?-nitro ketones, cyclohexanol derivatives, and polyfunctionalized molecules) ;
-Solventless reactions (Formation of C,C bond through nitroalkanes).
-Multicomponent reactions (synthesis of dihydropirimidines, chromenes, tetrahydroquinolines, amino chromenes).
6.2
206
A short summary of the design of the programme (scientific problem formulation, objectives, subject matter,
research methods and anticipated results: Our goal will be the study of new heterogeneous, or/and aqueous medium
conditions for the nitroaldol (Henry) reaction (synthesis of ?-nitroalkanols), the nitroaldol condensation (synthesis of
conjugated nitrolefins) and the Michael addition of nitroalkanes to electron poor alkenes. The Henry and the Michael
reactions are two of the most useful processes for the formation of C,C bond in organic synthesis. These reactions are
normally carried out under homogeneous processes using organic solvents and soluble bases. Under these conditions,
however, the yields are not satisfactory and other functionalities on the molecule are often not tolerate. In addition the
nitroalkanols are usually obtained in diastereomeric mixtures and during the acidic work up the dehydration to
nitroalkenes or the conversion of the nitrogroup to carbonyl (nef reaction) can occur.
We will search new basic heterogeneous or/and aqueous medium conditions that can allow to get best results in terms
of chemo- and diastereoselectivity and therefore in terms of yields. In fact, if the use of appropriate chiral-supported
solid bases can favour the diastereoselectivity of the reaction, their immediate removal by filtration without acidic work
up will avoid the formation of the above mentioned by-products that often limit the applicability of the Henry reaction.
In addition the project will focus on the realization of the synthesis of special nitroalkanols, particularly those deriving
from aromatic aldehydes that show important fungicide properties.
Concerning the conjugated nitroolefins formation, it usually requires multistep processes: the first step is represented
by the Henry reaction that affords the nitroalkanols, the second one needs the activation of the OH function through the
use of mesylates, acetates, carbodiimides, and therefore a base-promoted elimination reaction that occurs in organic
solvents under homogeneous conditions. This strategy requires different work-up, different purification techniques
noticeably increasing the “E factor” of the overall synthetic process. On the basis of preliminary results from our
laboratory a new solid catalyst and/or cqueous medium conditions are able to promote the one-pot nitroalkenes
synthesis though the reaction of nitroalkanes with carbonyl compounds. It is our intention to apply these methodologies
to the synthesis of particular nitroalkenes that find a widespread use as fungicides and insecticides.
An other project is the formation of C,C double bond by the reaction of nitroalkanes with alkenes showing two
electron-withdrawing groups in ?- and ?-positions. By this reaction it is possible to obtain polyfunctionalized ???unsaturated carbonyl derivatives that are the ideal precursors of a variety of heterocyclic compounds.
• A substantive overview of the most impressive results over the past five years: In the last years we developed
different methods for the formation of both C,C single and double bond through nitroalkanes and the application of
the obtained molecules to the synthesis of important targets such as natural products, heterocyclic compounds
(furans, pyrroles, pyrrolidines, lactones, furoxans, etc).
A short overview of the programme development in the future (the coming 5 years) including the means needed for
realising the programme's mission. Please comment on any change due to expected mobility of senior staff: We will
search new basic heterogeneous or/and aqueous medium conditions that can allow to get best results in terms of
chemo- and diastereoselectivity and therefore in terms of yields. In fact, if the use of appropriate chiral-supported solid
bases can favour the diastereoselectivity of the reaction, their immediate removal by filtration without acidic work up
will avoid the formation of the above mentioned by-products that often limit the applicability of the Henry reaction. In
addition the project will focus on the realization of the synthesis of special nitroalkanols, particularly those deriving
from aromatic aldehydes that show important fungicide properties.
Concerning the conjugated nitroolefins formation, it usually requires multistep processes: the first step is represented
by the Henry reaction that affords the nitroalkanols, the second one needs the activation of the OH function through the
use of mesylates, acetates, carbodiimides, and therefore a base-promoted elimination reaction that occurs in organic
solvents under homogeneous conditions. This strategy requires different work-up, different purification techniques
noticeably increasing the “E factor” of the overall synthetic process. On the basis of preliminary results from our
laboratory a new solid catalyst and/or cqueous medium conditions are able to promote the one-pot nitroalkenes
synthesis though the reaction of nitroalkanes with carbonyl compounds. It is our intention to apply these methodologies
to the synthesis of particular nitroalkenes that find a widespread use as fungicides and insecticides.
An other project is the formation of C,C double bond by the reaction of nitroalkanes with alkenes showing two
electron-withdrawing groups in ?- and ?-positions. By this reaction it is possible to obtain polyfunctionalized ???unsaturated carbonyl derivatives that are the ideal precursors of a variety of heterocyclic compounds.
6.3
• Intra-university co-operation: We have a cooperation with other organic chemists such as Prof Marino
Petrini and Prof Enrico Marcantoni.
•
207
• National co-operation (including INCA): We have a cooperation with the groups of Prof Giovanni Sartori
(Univ. of Parma, INCA), and Prof Paolo Righi (Univ. of Bologna, INCA)
• International co-operation: We have a cooperation with the group of Prof Emilio Roman Galan (Univ. de
Badajoz, Spain)
The collaboration with the group of Prof Sartori (Parma) is of great importance for us since we interact in the
preparation of new catalyst(Univ. of Parma) for their application (Univ. of Camerino) in the formation of new C,C
single and double bond.
6.4
Our research could be of great interest in the field of the development of new eco-friendly synthetic processes.
6.5
The research leader Prof. ROBERTO BALLINI has been inserted in the ISI’s 10858 Most cited Chemists (position n.
4782).
6.6
Key Publications
1.R. Ballini, P. Marziali, A. Mozzicafreddo J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 3209.
2.R. Ballini, G. Bosica J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 425.
3.R. Ballini, L. Barboni, G. Bosica J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 6261.
4.R. Ballini, F. Bigi, E. Gogni, R. Maggi, G. Sartori J. Catal. 2000, 191, 348.
5.R. Ballini, G. Bosica Tetrahedron Lett. 1996, 37, 8027.
7.
Scientific Output
7.1
Publication Policy
The Unit research interest has been devoted, for about 20 years, to the chemistry of aliphatic nitrocompounds and their
application in the synthesis of several targets such as natural feromones, perfumes, antibiotics, heterocyclic systems
etc. However, during these studies a lot of the research has been devoted to the use of eco-friendly methodologies such
as the use of heterogeneous catalysis, aqueous medium, solventless conditions, tandem reactions, one-pot reactions and
so on. Then, different publications of the Unit was devoted to the use of eco-friendly conditions in the chemistry of
aliphatic nitroalkanes. Moreover, since the Unit has an intensive collaboration with the Unit directed by Prof Sartori
(Parma) different our publications report both the Unit’s members (Parma and Camerino) in the application of
heterogeneous catalysts for many synthestic transformations. Some of our manuscript appeared in the Journals
specialised in the green chemistry.
7.2
Numerical data
Category
PhD-Dissertations
1997
-
1998
-
1999
-
2000
-
2001
-
Total
-
14
11
10
9
11
55
Master’s Theses
1
10
2
3
1
17
Appendix I
Scientific Output
I-1
208
I.1.1 Dissertations
Year
Name PhD-student
I.1.2
Master's Thesis
Year
1997
1998
Elvira Marchei
Fabiola Gigli
1998
Corrado Abate
1998
Marco Damiani
1998
Lorenzo Pintucci
1998
Lara Ciaralli
1998
Marco Bordoni
1998
Silvia Perella
1998
Mauro Perrini
1998
Annarella Rubino
1998
Lara Petrelli
1999
Patrizia Vita
1999
Desy De Santis
2000
Sabina Peretti
2000
Guido Giarlo
2000
Aldo Masè
2001
Damiana Livi
Supervisor
Addizioni coniugate di nitroalcani in acqua
?-Nitrochetoni come precursori di 1,4dichetoni, ?-chetoaldeidi, ?-chetoesteri e metil
ω-aldoesteri
Una nuova sintesi di acidi ω-nitrocarbossilici
in ambiente acquoso partendo da ?nitrocicloalcanoni
Un nuovo approccio sintetico alla preparazione
di sistemi 1,4-diolici
Una nuova reazione di apertura dei 2nitrocicloalcanoni:
sintesi
di
1,3-dioli
polifunzionalizzati
Gruppi protettivi e catalisi eterogenea: acetati
ed acetali
Sintesi e deprotezione dei di acetati geminali
mediante zeoliti
Sintesi di ?-lattoni-?-alchiliden-?-monoalchilati
e di ?-lattoni-?-alchiliden-??? -dialchilati
Sintesi one-pot di ?-nitrochetoni lineari senza
solvente
Nuova sintesi di ossame in catalisi eterogenea
Supervisor
Prof. R. Ballini
Prof. R. Ballini
Prof. R. Ballini
Prof. R. Ballini
Prof. R. Ballini
Dott. L. Barboni
Prof. R. Ballini
Prof. R. Ballini
Prof. R. Ballini
Prof. R. Ballini
Prof. R. Ballini
Dott. L. Barboni
Un nuovo approccio sintetico alla preparazione Prof. R. Ballini
di 1,4-dichetoni-2-alchilati e ?-chetoesteri-?alchilati
Riduzione
di
?-nitrochetoni:
sintesi Prof. R. Ballini
diastereoselettiva di ?-nitroalcoli
“Three components reaction”: sintesi one-pot Prof. R. Ballini
di cromeni
Nitroalcani come precursori di sistemi ciclici a Prof. R. Ballini
sei termini: cicloesanoli e benzeni polisostituiti
I nitroalcani come equivalenti sintetici di Prof. R. Ballini
carbocationi:
sintesi
di
3-alchil-2,5- Dott. G. Bosica
dimetilfurani da 2,5-dimetilfurano
Nuovo approccio alla sintesi di sistemi Prof. R. Ballini
eterociclici azotati: pirroli e pirrolidine
Sintesi di ?-metilene butirrolattoni a partire da Prof. R. Ballini
nitroalcani
Dott. G. Bosica
I-2
I-3
Overview of Professional Publications (1997-2001) per year
1997
1.R. Ballini, G. Bosica Nitraoldol Reaction in Aqueous Media: An Important Improvement of the Henry
Reaction. J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 425.
2.S. Fioravanti, L. Pellacani, S. Stabile, P. A. Tardella, R. Ballini Aziridination of Conjugated Nitroalkenes.
Tetrahedron Lett. 1997, 38, 3309.
209
3.R. Ballini, G. Bosica, T. Mecozzi C-C Bond Fission via Sulphones: A New Ring Cleavage of Cyclic ?-Keto
Penylsulphones. Tetrahedron 1997, 53, 7341.
4.R. Ballini, L. Barboni, P. Filippone Amberlyst A-21 an Excellent Heterogeneous Catalyst for the
Conversion of Carbonyl Compounds to Oximes. Chem. Lett. 1997, 475.
5.R. Ballini, F. Bigi, S. Carloni, R. Maggi, G. Sartori Solvent Free Tetrahydropyranylation of Phenols and
Alcohols over Zeolite HSZ as Reusable Catalyst. Tetrahedron Lett. 1997, 38, 4169.
6.R. Ballini, G. Bosica Formation of Carbon-Carbon Bond via Nitroalkanes Under Heterogeneous Catalyst.
Recent Res. Devel. in Organic Chem., Transworld Research Network Ed., Trivandrum, 1997, Vol. 1, Pag. 11
(REVIEW).
7.R. Ballini, G. Bosica, R. Maggi, G. Sartori Envirocat EPZG as a New Heterogeneous Catalyst for the
Regeneration of Ketones from Their Tosylhydrazones. Synlett 1997, 795.
8.R. Ballini, E. Marcantoni, E. Torregiani Synthesis of (Z)-9,10-Epoxynonacosane, a Long-Chain Epoxide
Isolated from Stem Wax of Rubus thibetanus. J. Nat. Products 1997, 60, 505.
9.R. Ballini Synthesis of Natural Products via Aliphatic Nitroderivatives. Studies in Natural Products
Chemistry, (Atta-ur-Rahman Ed.), Elsevier: Amsterdam, 1997, Vol. 19, Pag. 117 (REVIEW).
10.R. Ballini, G. Bosica ?-Nitrocycloalkanones as a Source of ???-Dicarboxylic Acid Dimethyl Esters.
Tetrahedron 1997, 53, 16131.
11.R. Ballini, L. Barboni, L. Pintucci Synthesis of Polyfunctionalized 1,3-Diols Through a One-Pot “Double
Nitroaldol Reaction-Ring Cleavage” of 2-Nitrocycloalkanones. Synlett 1997, 1389.
12.L. Barboni and E. Torregiani, “Styrylamine based cyclopeptide alkaloids” in “Virtual activity, real
pharmacology” Ed. L. Verotta, Research Signpost, Trivandrum, India, 1997, 33-48. ISBN 81-8641-17-6.
13.L. Barboni, C. Lambertucci, G. Appendino and B. Gabetta, “A taxane epoxide from taxus wallichiana”,
Phytochemistry, 1997, 46 (1), 179-80. (Impact Factor 2000: 1.112)
14.G. Appendino, E. Belloro and L. Barboni, “Unusual reactivity of taxine A in an oxidation-reduction
protocol”, Gazz. Chim. It., 1997, 127, 373.
1998
1.R. Ballini, G. Bosica Conjugated Addition Reactions of Nitroalkanes with Electrophilic Alkenes in Aqueous
Media. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 1998, 355.
2.R. Ballini, G. Bosica, B. Frullanti, R. Maggi, G. Sartori, F. Schroer 1,3-Dioxolanes from Carbonyl
Compounds over Zeolite HSZ-360 as a Reusable, Heterogeneous Catalyst. Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 39, 1615.
3.S. Fioravanti, L. Pellacani, S. Stabile, P. A. Tardella, R. Ballini Solvent-Free Aziridination of ?Nitroalkenes. Tetrahedron 1998, 54, 6169.
4.R. Ballini, G. Bosica, F. Gigli ?-Nitrocycloalkanones as a New Source of the One-Pot Synthesis of
Functionalized 1,4-Diketones, ?-Oxoaldehydes, ?-Ketoesters, and Methyl ?-Oxoalkanoates. Tetrahedron
1998, 54, 7573.
5.R. Ballini, G. Bosica Synthesis of (E)-4-Oxonon-2-enoic Acid, a Natural Antibiotic Produced by
Streptomyces olivaceus. J. Nat. Products 1998, 61, 673.
6.R. Ballini, G. Bosica, S. Carloni, L. Ciaralli, R. Maggi, G. Sartori Zeolite HSZ-360 as a New Reusable
Catalyst for the Direct Acetylation of Alcohols and Phenols Under Solventless Contitions. Tetrahedron Lett.
1998, 39, 6049.
210
7.L. Barboni, C. Lambertucci, R. Ballini, G. Appendino, E. Bombardelli Synthesis of a Conformationally
Restricted Analogue of Palixatel. Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 39, 7177.
8.R. Ballini, M. Bordoni, G. Bosica, R. Maggi, G. Sartori Solvent Free Synthesis and Deprotection of 1,1Diacetates Over a Commercially Available Zeolite Y as a Reusable Catalyst. Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 39,
7587.
9.R. Ballini, G. Bosica, M. Parrini A One Pot, Solvent-Free Synthesis od Acyclic ?-Nitro Ketones Through
the Nitroaldol Reaction. Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 39, 7963.
10.R. Ballini, M. Curini, F. Epifano, M. C. Marcotullio, O. Rosati A New, Modulated, Oxidative Ring
Cleavage of ?-Nitrocycloalkanones by Oxone: Synthesis of ???-Dicarboxylic Acids and ???-Dicarboxylic
Acid Monomethyl Esters. Synlett 1998, 1149.
11.R. Volpini, E. Camaioni, S. Vittori, L. Barboni, C. Lambertucci and G. Cristalli, “Synthesis of New
Nucleosides by Coupling of Chloropurines with 2- and 3-Deoxy Derivatives of N-Methyl-Dribofuranuronamide”, Helv. Chim. Acta, 1998, 81, 145. (Impact Factor 2000: 2.209)
1999
1.R. Ballini, F. Papa, C. Abate Synthesis of ?-Nitro Acids and ?-Amino Acids by Ring Cleavage of ?Nitrocycloalkanones. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 87.
2.R. Ballini, L. Barboni, R. Maggi, G. Sartori Thioacetalization of Carbonyl Compounds by Zeolite HSZ-360
as a New, Heterogeneous Catalyst. Synthetic Commun. 1999, 29, 767.
3.M. Ballabeni, R. Ballini, F. Bigi, R. Maggi, M. Parrini, G. Predieri, G. Sartori Synthesis of Symmetrical
N,N’-Disubstituted Thioureas and Heterocyclic Thiones from Amines and CS2 over a Zn/Al2O3 Composite as
Heterogeneous and Reusable Catalyst. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 1029.
4.R. Ballini, E. Marcantoni, S. Perella A Two Steps Synthesis of ?-Substituted and ???-Disubstituted ?(Alkyl)methylene-?-butyrolactones. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 2954.
5.R. Ballini, G. Bosica, L. Petrelli A New, Two Steps Synthesis of 2-Alkylated 1,4-Diketones and ?-Alkylated
?-Ketoesters. Synthesis 1999, 1236.
6.R. Ballini Recent Progress on the Ring Cleavage of Cyclic 2-Nitro Ketones by External Nucleophiles.
Synlett 1999, 1009 (REVIEW).
7.R. Ballini, M. Petrini Base Assisted Substitution of ?-Amidoalkyl Sulfones by Nitromethane Anion. A New
Entry to Functionalized ?-Amino Acids. Tetrahedron Lett. 1999, 40, 4449.
8.R. Ballini, G. Bosica, M. Parrini Fast Nitroaldol Reaction Using KOH in Dry Media. Chem. Lett. 1999,
1105.
9.R. Ballini, G. Bosica, M. Damiani, P. Righi Nitraolkanes as a New Source of Alkylidene-1,4-diols, in Two
Steps. Tetrahedron 1999, 55, 13451.
10.O. Attanasi, R. Ballini, L. De Crescentini, P. Filippone, F. Mantellini Easy Access to (E,Z)-?-Nitro-???olefinated Hydrazones, 6-Oxo-1,6-dihydropyrazines, and 4-Chloro-1-aminopyrroles by Domino Reactions of
1,2-Diaza-1,3-butadienes with Halogen-Coactivated Methylene or Methine Compounds. J. Org. Chem. 1999,
64, 9653.
2000
1.R. Ballini, L. Barboni, G. Bosica, M. Petrini 2,5-Dialkylfurans and Nitroalkanes as Source of 2,3.5Trialkylpyrroles. Synlett 2000, 391.
2.Fontana, P. De Maria, G. Siani, M. Pierini, S. Cerritelli, R. Ballini Equilibrium Constants for Ionisation and
Enolisation of 3-Nitrobutan-2-one. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 1641.
211
3.R. Ballini, F. Bigi, E. Giorgi, R. Maggi, G. Sartori Zeolite as Base Catalyst: Nitroaldolic Condensation. J. of
Catalysis 2000, 191, 348.
4.R. Ballini, L. Barboni, G. Bosica, P. Filippone, S. Peretti One-Pot Diastereoselective Synthesis of 2-Acyl-4nitrocyclohexanol Derivatives in Aqueous Medium. Tretrahedron 2000, 56, 4095.
5.R. Ballini, G. Bosica, A. Masè, M. Petrini Synthesis of (E)-3-Alkylidenepyrrolidines by Nucleophilic Ring
Closure of (E)-2-Alkylidene-1,4-diol Derivatives. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 2927.
6.R. Ballini, F. Bigi, M. L. Conforti, D. De Santis, R. Maggi, G. Oppici, G. Sartori Multicomponent Reaction
Under Clay Catalysis. Catal. Today 2000, 305.
7.R. Ballini, G. Bosica, E. Marcantoni, P. Vita, G. Bartoli First TiCl4-Mediated Diastereoselective Reduction
of ?-Nitro Ketones to Anti-?-Nitro Alcohols by BH3.SMe2. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 5854.
8.R. Ballini, L. Barboni, G.Bosica Nitroakanes as a New, Convenient Source of 1-Acyl-2,5-dialkylbenzene
Derivatives, in Two Steps. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 6261.
9.M. Curini, F. Epifano, M. C. Marcotullio, O. Rosati, R. Ballini, G. Bosica Alumina Promoted Cyclization of
?-Nitro-Oximes: a New Entry to the Synthesis of 1,2,5-Oxadiazoles N-Oxides (Furoxans). Tetrahedron Lett.
2000, 41, 8817.
2001
1.Ballini, G. Bosica, M. L. Conforti, R. Maggi, A. Mazzacani, P. Righi, G. Sartori Three-Component Process
for the Synthesis of 2-Amino-2-chromenes in Aqueous Media. Tetrahedron 2001, 57, 1395.
2.R. Ballini, G. Bosica, D. Fiorini, M. V. Gil, M. Petrini Stereoselective Synthesis of (E)-4Alkyllidenecyclopent-2-en-1-ones by a Tandem Ring Closure-Michael Addition-Elimination. Org. Lett. 2001,
3, 1265.
3.R. Ballini, G. Bosica, S. Cossu, O. De Lucchi, P. Peluso Observation on the Alkylation of ?-Acetalic
Carbanions: Monoalkylation versus Dialkylation and Elimination. Tetrahedron 2001, 57, 4461.
4.R. Ballini, L. Barboni, G. Bosica, D. Fiorini, M. V. Gil, M. Petrini Synthesis of Functionalized
Nitrocyclohexene Derivatives from 2-Nitrocycloalkanones, via Anionic Domino Reactions. Tetrahedron 2001,
57, 6079.
5.R. Ballini, G. Bosica, D. Livi A New Synthesis of exo-Methylene Butyrolactones from Nitroalkanes.
Synthesis 2001, 1519.
6.R. Ballini, G. Bosica, R. Maggi, M. Ricciutelli, P. Righi, G. Sartori, R. Sartorio Clay-Catalysed Solventless
Synthesis of trans-Chalcones. Green Chemistry 2001, 3, 178.
7.R. Ballini, G. Bosica, R. Maggi, A. Mazzacani, P. Righi, G. Sartori Amberlyst 15 as a Mild, Chemoselective
and Reusable Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Conversion of Carbonyl Compounds to 1,3-Oxathiolanes.
Synthesis 2001, 1826.
8.R. Ballini, G. Bosica, D. Fiorini, G. Giarlo Synthesis of 3-Alkyl-2,5-dimethylfuran Derivatives by In Direct
Alkylation of 2,5-Dimethylfuran with Aliphatic Nitrocompounds. Synthesis 2001, 2003.
9.R. Ballini, G. Bosica, D. Fiorini Stereoselective Preparation of (E)-?-Nitro-???-unsaturated Methyl Esters:
Amberlyst A 27, Using Microwave, as Superior Catalyst for the 1,6-Conjugate Addition of Nitroalkanes to
Methyl 1,3-Butadiene-1-carboxylate. Tetrahedron Lett. 2001, 42, 8471.
10.Luciano Barboni, Catia Lambertucci, Giovanni Appendino, David G. Vander Velde, Richard H. Himes,
Ezio Bombardelli, Minmin Wang and James P. Snyder “Synthesis and NMR-Driven Conformational Analysis
212
of Taxol Analogues Conformationally Constrained on the C13 Side Chain”, J. Med. Chem., 2001, 44 (10),
1576-1587. (Impact Factor 2000: 4.134)
11.Luciano Barboni, Apurba Datta, Dinah Dutta, Gunda I. Georg, David G. Vander Velde, Richard H.
Himes, Minmin Wang and James P. Snyder, “Novel D-seco Paclitaxel Analogs: Synthesis, Biological
Evaluation, and Model Testing”, J. Org. Chem., 2001, 66 (10), 3321-3329. (Impact Factor 2000: 3.689)
Appendix 3
Years included
1997-2001
Name of Journal
Number
Articles
Tetrahedron Letters
10
Tetrahedron
9
The Journal of Organic 8
Chemistry
Synlett
5
Synthesis
4
European Journal of Organic 3
Chemistry
Chemistry Letters
2
of Journal Impact
Factor (2001)
2.280
2.276
3.280
Field(s)
Ranking
Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
13/51
14/51
7/51
2.465
1.985
2.193
Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
12/51
18/51
17/51
1.557
Chemistry,
Multidisciplinary
Applied Chemistry
Plant Sciences
Chemistry,
Multidisciplinary
Organic Chemistry
Physical Chemistry
Applied Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry,
Multidisciplinary
Medicinal Chemistry
29/118
Journal of Natural Products
Phytochemistry
Helvetica Chimica Acta
2
1
1
1.737
1.296
2.027
Synthetic Communications
Journal of Catalysis
Catalysis Today
Organic Letters
Green Chemistry
1
1
1
1
1
0.912
3.293
2.333
3.670
2.477
Medicinal 1
4.139
Journal
of
Chemistry
7/58
42/134
23/118
35/51
17/93
4/58
6/51
18/118
6/36
213
CASERTA 1
Caserta 1
Research Leader
Prof. Benedetto Di Blasio
University:
Seconda Università di Napoli
Contact Person
Dr. Messere Anna
Faculty:
Scienze Ambientali/ Environmental Science
Department:
Scienze Ambientali/ Environmental Science
Address:Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali
Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta (Italy)
Phone :0823-274415
Fax : 0823-274605
Thematic area
riciclo e altre).
The Faculty of Environmental Sciences was founded in 1993, while the Department started its activities in 1997. The
University campus is located in Via Vivaldi, Caserta. In the last three years, the number of professors, researchers and
technicians and administration personnel has rapidly grown to the current 40 units, plus post-doctoral and visiting
research fellows. The Self-evaluation Report of this unit has been produced by following the CHEPS Guidelines and by
using further information given by INCA Secretariat.
The Seconda Università di Napoli was founded in 1989 with Prime Minister's degree of the Ministers in order to come
encounter to the requirement to decongest the Neapolitan Athenaeum "Federico II”. It has begun its independent
activity from 1 November 1992. The Univarsity has 9 Faculties: Architecture, Economy, Engineering, Letters and
Philosophy, Medicine to Surgery, Psycology, Environmental Sciences, Mathematical Physical and Natural Sciences,
which are present with one or more course than Bachelor. Only characteristic of the Second University of Naples is the
breakup in an immense very comprising territory five common ones of the Campania Region: Aversa, Capua, Caserta,
Naples, Saint Maria Capua Vetere, in which are combined in homogenous poles. The University awards the following
educational qualifications: University Diploma, University Degree, Specialization Diploma, PhD.
The Faculty of Environmental Science, where the professors of the research unit perform their work, have a student
population over 300 with 27 faculty members. The main goal of the two institutions, Faculty and Department, of
Environmental Sciences, is to form a new professional that is able to: interact with specialists from other disciplines to
define a new approach in the management of environmental resources; support companies in defining new ecomanagement criteria that are economically sustainable and technologically reliable. The main cultural and scientific
goals, of the staff of this unit research are characterized by a multidisciplinary approach to research and student
formation in the environmental field.
The Unit
Our Unit working inside the Department of Envorimental Science. The organizational structure consist of :
1 full prof., 3 associate prof., 1 researcher, fellowship and PhD-students.
214
1
Environmental Technology
2
Research Leader: Prof. B. Di Blasio
2a
1. Molecular systems of biological interest: structural studies of peptides and proteins and their interaction
with metal ions
2. Molecular systems of biological interest: conformational features of macrocycles and their interactions with
metal ions.
3.Oxidation of selected phenolic compounds present in water waste of olive with heterogeneous phase
4. Development of new natural bioherbicides (phytotoxins).
3
Names and Titles
Year of Rank
Birth
Prof. Benedetto Di Blasio
Prof. Paolo V. Pedone
Prof. Roberto Fattorusso
Prof. Carla Isernia
Dr.ssa Anna Messere
Dr.ssa Rosa Iacovino
Dr.ssa Sabrina Esposito
Dr. Isidoro Garella
Dr.ssa Rosa Maria Vitale
Dr.ssa Paola Di Lello
Dr.ssa Alessia Minichino
Dr. Nicola Sorrentino
Dr.ssa Baglivo Ilaria
1945
1968
1969
1961
1965
1964
1970
1966
1971
1971
1975
1977
1977
Full Professor
Associated Prof.
Associated Prof.
Associated Prof.
Researcher
Fellowship
Fellowship
Fellowship
PhD-student
PhD-student
PhD-student
PhD-student
PhD-student
Research
Input in fte
in 2001
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.7
0.5
0.5
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.5
6.8
Remarks
Joined the unit in 2000
Comments
Dr.ssa Anna Messere become researcher at university of Caserta in 2000.
4
Category
Full Professors
Ricercatori
Post-docs
PhD-students
Borsisti
Total
5
Funding
5.1
Personnel (in fte)
Source
University
CNR
1997
0.4
1998
0.4
1999
0.4
2000
0.4
0.5
0.6
2001
0.4
1.5
0.7
Total
2.0
2.0
1.3
0.4
0.7
1.2
2.3
1.2
1.2
2.8
1.7
1.2
4.4
2.7
1.2
6.5
6.3
4.8
16.4
1997
0.4
1998
1.6
1999
1.6
2000
3.0
2001
4.5
Total
11.1
215
European Union
Other Sponsors
Total
5.2
1.2
1.4
4.4
1.8
0.7
7.0
5.1
0.7
16.9
2.3
2.8
1999
150
2000
80
2001
30
Total
260
100
100
360
Source
University - MURST
CNR
EU
Other Sponsors
Total
5.3
0.4
0.7
1997
1998
Comments:
• On the figures
The staff is paid by the University, the PhD-students worked for the unit as a grantee, paid by the University and EU.
No administrative or technician personel works specifically for the group. For this reason the academic staff has to take
care also of administrative and technician duties.
Most of the funds came from the Minister of University and Scientific and Technological Research (MURST) for
research Projects of Relevant National Interest. The PhD-student program was funded by EU. Other grants came from
Regione Campania.
6.
Progress Report
6.1
Mission Statement
The location of the Unit in a multidisciplinary Department and the perspective of the organization of a new technologyoriented public University leads to the decision to have a proper balance between basic and applied science. The
mission is obviously connected to the mission of INCA. Clients are the international scientific community and
educational and training programmes. So far, the Unit has dedicated much attention to the development of new
molecules with biological activity as well as model molecules for environmental research and application. The aim of
the overall research lines of the group is to bring together different scientific experiences and disciplinary curricula with
the ambition to carry out the knowledge of the basic mechanism of transport and the molecular interaction with target
biological structure of environmental pollulants (metal) in to living organism. The other research line is the oxidation of
selected phenolic compounds present in water waste of olive with heterogeneous phase. Our research objective is not
only the reduction of the polluting load of the wastes, but particularly, its utilization/valorization. Furthemore, an other
program of this unit is the development of new natural bioherbicides (phytotoxins).
6.2
Systems of Biological Interest
Molecular systems of biological interest: structural studies of peptides and proteins and their interaction with
metal ions
The research activity is based on the conformational study of compound with peculiar biological features. The activity
of those compounds is determined by the conformation adopted during the interaction with the receptor. Selectivity and
specificity can, in fact, be explained on the basis of the structures of the interacting species. The study of the structural
features of biomolecules of different sizes can contribute, therefore, to the understanding of the mechanism regulating
the molecular recognition, so being very helpful in the scientific, industrial and environmental fields.
The research , performed in collaboration with other italian and foreign groups, has been mainly focused on:
• analysis of the conformational properties of model peptides;
• determination of the structural features needed for the interaction between metal ions and synthetic peptides;
• structural studies in solution of proteins able to interact with metal ions and/or DNA.
These studies have been carried out using spectroscopic techniques in solution (CD, NMR, FT-IR, UV), single crystal
X-ray diffraction and computational methods. Recently, we have characterised the structure and function of a single
216
zinc finger domain present in the SUPERMAN protein and also well conserved in other proteins from Arabidopsis
thaliana. We acquired NMR spectra on a 37 amino acids fragment complexing the zinc and containing the entire zinc
finger motif. After the analysis of the spectra we obtained a structure well defined in solution in the presence of the zinc
ion: the three-dimensional structure consists of the classical motif ?strand-?strand-?helix. Recently we have also solved
the structure of the SUPERMAN zinc finger domain complexed with the cadmium ion, an important toxic metal which
could interfere with normal biological processes by displacing zinc from zinc binding protein.
We have also performed the complete structural characterisation in solution of the thioredoxin double mutant
K18G/R82E expressed by the Bacillus acidocaldarius. The features of the genic expression of this mutant make the
protein more stable at high temperatures than the wild-type.
Molecular systems of biological interest: conformational features of macrocycles and their interactions with
metal ions.
The research activity is focused on the study of the interaction of molecules of biological interest with metal ions and
on the definition of the parameters influencing the stability and the structure by the use of spectroscopic techniques (Xray, NMR, IR).
The research program has regarded supramolecular systems of different types and in particular has consisted of:
• the study of macrocycles able to form inclusion compounds such as the cyclodextrins, with the aim to use
them as model systems of natural enzymes, receptor and carriers;
• the study of mechanism regulating the molecular recognition and the capture of ions in modified
calix[4]resorcinarenes;
In particular, several efforts were directed to the comprehension of cyclodextrin inclusion complex formation
mechanism: essential requisite appear to be the three-dimensional compatibility between the host and the guest. It is
still unclear which is the driving force for the complex formation and not much is known on the interactions able to
stabilize the inclusion compound. Moreover, it is of considerable interest in this field to find applications in the
environmental field; our aim, actually, is the study of this “host-guest interaction” focused to obtain inclusion
compounds with pesticides. Calixarenes represent a class of molecules exhibiting characteristic cavity-shaped
architecture; they have been extensively studied for their ionophoric and enzyme mimic properties. They are
characterized by large flexibility and, as a consequence, their ion selectivity is somehow impaired. We have recently
prepared new derivatives, in which a porphyrin has been capped with several differently functionalized C-alkyl
calix[4]resorcinerenes. These systems could be used as selective sensors and as extractants for heavy metal ions.
Oxidation of selected phenolic compounds present in water waste of olive with heterogeneous phase
Olive oil mill waste (OMW) waters show significant polluting properties due to their content of organic substances, and
have been shown to present high toxicity towards several biological systems. Waste waters toxicity has been attributed
to their phenolic constituents. A chemical study of waste waters from a ligurian oil mill led to the identification of
phenolic by-products such as 1,2-dihydroxybenzene, hydroxylated by-products of benzoic acid, phenylacetic acid,
phenylethanols, and cinnamic acids. We have tested a chemical treatment to destroy polluting power of the hardly
biodegradable organic substances present in OMW. Oxidative methods have been shown to be extremely useful to
determine aromatic rings breaking or their modification in compounds potentially useful in industry or in
pharmaceutical field. We have also used solid-supported oxidants, which could give several benefits considering their
remarkable easyness of handling and use. Oxidation products have been obtained and will be tested on the same
organisms to evaluate the residual toxicity.
Development of new natural bioherbicides (phytotoxins).
The main goals of this research project are part of a general strategy to find alternatives to the use of chemical
herbicides (biocontrol). They can be summarized as follows: production of the natural toxin; determination of the
absolute configuration of the chyral centres of the molecule; steroselective total synthesis of the toxin.
6.3
• Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Seconda Università di Napoli
Regione Campania
Dipartimento di Chimica, Università Federico II di Napoli
217
Centro di Biocristallografia, CNR, Napoli
Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi (CIRPEB), Napoli
Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale di Scienze Computazionali e Biotecnologiche (CRISCEB), Napoli
Dipartimento di Studi di Chimica e Tecnologia Facolta di Farmacia, Università “La Sapienza” Roma
Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania
Dipartimento di Chimica IFM, Università di Torino.
• Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Jena, Germany
• Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, USA
• Department of Biological Chemistry, Brown University, Rhode Island, USA
6.4
The importance of the area of research in which this Unit in involved has been already underlined in the
mission statement above. The research activity is mainly focused on the study of the interactions of
biological molecules with metal ions; with the purpose to understand the mecanism of toxicity of some
metal ions and to design new strategy for decontamination. Furthemore we are also interested in
developing new pesticides, more enviromentally friendly, and improving the techniques of pollutants
removal. All these activity can be considered to have a high relevance for a better quality of the
enviroment. The contribution of the Unit clearly appears in the scientific publications and the PhD thesis
of the last years. The international scientific reputation of the Unit was recognized also through the
contributed to the organization of the 6th Naples Workshop on Bioactive Peptides held in Capri in 1998;
7th Naples Workshop on Bioactive Peptides held in Capri in 2000 and, 27th Symposium of the European
Peptide Society will be held in Sorrento in September 2002.
6.5
Professor Di Blasio, since June 1996 he has been appointed Dean of the Environmental Science Faculty of
the
Second University of Naples. Since November 1996, he has been coordinator of the PhD course “Design and
use of molecules with biotechnological interest” organized by the Second University of Naples and by the
University of Tuscia. Most of his studies have dealt with the various aspects of structure-activity relationships
in various inorganic and organic materials, which have been investigated by a variety of experimental and
theoretical techniques, with the aim to understand their properties and behaviour. He is a member of the
International Scientific Advisory Board for the Jounal of the Chemical Society , Dalton Transaction.
6.6
Key Publications
1.M. Pellecchia, R. Fattorusso and G. Wider, “Determination of the Dihedral Angle Based on J Coupling
Measurements in 15N/13C-Labeled Proteins”, J. Am. Che. Soc., (1998), 120, 6824-25.
2.Pedone, P. V., Omichinski, J. G., Nony, P., Trainor, C., Gronenborn, A. M., Clore, G. M. and Felsenfeld,
G.. “The N-terminal fingers of cGATA-2 and cGATA-3 are independent sequence-specific DNA binding
domains”. EMBO J. (1997) 16, 2874-2882.
3.Omichinski, J. G., Pedone, P. V., Felsenfeld, G., Gronenborn, A. M. and Clore, G. M.. “The solution
structure of a specific GAGA factor/DNA complex reveals a new twist in classical zinc finger/DNA
recognition”. Nature Struct. Biol., (1997)4, 122-30.
4.M. Saviano, E. Benedetti, B. Di Blasio, E. Gavuzzo, O. Fierro, C. Pedone, R. Iacovino, E. Rizzarelli, G.
Vecchio: “Difunctionalized ?-cyclodextrins:synthesis and X-ray diffraction structure of 6I,6II-dideoxy-6I,6IIbis[2-(2-pyridyl)ethylamoni]-?-cyclomaltoheptaose ” J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans 2., (2001) 6, 946-952.
5.F. Rossi, M. Saviano, P. Di Talia, B. Di Blasio, C. Pedone, G. Zanotti, M. Mosca, G. Saviano, T. Tancredi,
K. Ziegler, E. Benedetti: “Solution and Solid State Structure of an Aib-containing Cyclodecapeptide Inhibiting
the Cholate Uptake in Hepatocytes”Biopolymers, (1997) 40,465-478.
7.
Scientific Output
218
7.1
Publication Policy
The scientific papers, all based on experimental researches, are published on relevant international journals specialized
in the fields of chemistry, organic chemistry, biochemistry, molecular design and structural biology (NMR and x-ray
diffraction).
7.2
Numerical data
Category
PhD-Dissertations
1997
1998
1999
2001
1
Total
1
16
14
10
12
52
1
1
4
Master’s Theses
8
Self-evaluation
The Unit is constituted by scientist belonging to different cultural areas (biochemistry, organic
chemistry, crystallography, bioinorganic-, coordination-, and physical chemistry). The use of a
multidisciplinary approach gives an important opportunity to the research. Moreover, the Unit have the
possibility to utilise, for the research activity, a modern and rather complete set of scientific apparatus.
Appendix I
Scientific Output
I-1
I.1.1 Dissertations
Year
Name PhD-student
2000
Iacovino Rosa
1998-2002
Di Lello Paola
1999-2003
Vitale Rosa Maria
2000-2004
Minichino Alessia
2001-2005
Sorrentino Nicola
Caratterizzazione Conformazionale di Biomolecole
Conformational characterization of biomolecules
Struttura ed attività di sistemi proteici di interesse
biotecnologico mediane tecniche di NMR
NMR structural and functional chatacterization
of proteins of biotechnological interest
Progettazione e caratterizzazione conformazionale di
ligandi peptidici di GPCRs con potenziali applicazioni
diagnostiche e terapeutiche
Design and characterization of GPCRs peptidic ligands
with potential diagnostic and terapeutics applications
Caratterizzazione conformazionale di sistemi
metallo proteici
Conformational characterization of metallo-protein
systems
Studi cristallografici di proteine che presentano
interazioni con il DNA.
Crystallographic studies of DNA binding proteins
Supervisor
B. Di Blasio
B. Di Blasio
B. Di Blasio
B. Di Blasio
B. Di Blasio
219
I.1.2
Master's Thesis
Year
1999
2001
2002
2002
I-2
Canzano Anna
D’ Andrea Assunta
Malgieri Gaetano
Riccio Salvatore
Valutazione dell'inquinamento atmosferico da traffico
veicolare nell'area urbana della città di Caserta
Evaluation of the air pollution by vehicular traffic
in the urban area of Caserta.
Progettazione e caratterizzazione di complessi di
inclusione di ciclodestrine con fitofarmaci.
Design and characterization of inclusion complexes of
β-Cyclodextrin with pesticides
Influenza della sostitutuzione dello ione Zn2+ con lo
ione Cd2+ sulla struttura di un dominio zinc finger di
pianta; studi strutturali NMR
Influence of the Zinc ion sostitution with Cadmium on
a plant zinc finger domain strusture: NMR structural
characterization
Trattamento chimico ossidativo di componenti fenolici delle
acque reflue di vegetazione provenienti dai frantoi oleari
Chemical treatment of phenolic constituents from Olive oil
mill waste waters
Supervisor
Benedetto Di Blasio
Carla Isernia
Roberto Fattorusso
Anna Messere
1997
E.Benedetti, R.Iacovino, C.Pedone, F.Rossi, M.Saviano, C.Isernia, D.Montesarchio, L.De Napoli & G.Piccialli “?Amino Acid Residues: Synthesis and Conformational Characterization of N- and C-protected homo-?-(S)-leucine”
LIPS (1997), 4, 129-134.
L.D.D’Andrea, M.Mazzeo, C.Isernia, F.Rossi, M.Saviano, L.Paolillo & C.Pedone “Solution Conformational
Preferences of a Peptidomimetic Analogue of FK506” Biopolymers (1997), 42, 349-361.
F. Rossi, M. Saviano, P. Di Talia, B. Di Blasio, C. Pedone, G. Zanotti, M. Mosca, G. Saviano, T. Tancredi, K. Ziegler,
E. Benedetti: “Solution and Solid State Structure of an Aib-containing Cyclodecapeptide Inhibiting the Cholate Uptake
in Hepatocytes”Biopolymers, (1997)40,465-478.
B. Botta, G. Delle Monache, M.C. De Rosa, C. Seri, E. Benedetti, R. Iacovino, M. Botta, F. Corelli, V. Masignani, A
Tafi, E. Gacs-Baitz, A. Santini, D. Misiti: “Synthesis of C-Alkylcalix[4]arenes. 5. Design, Synthesis, Computational
Studies and Homodimerization of Polymethylene-Bridged Resorc[4]arenes” J. Org.Chem., (1997) 62, 1788-1794.
M.Gatos, F. Formaggio, M. Crisma, G.M. Bonora, E. Benedetti, B. Di Blasio, R. Iacovino, , A. Santini, M. Saviano, J.
Kamphuis:"Conformational characterization of the 1-Aminocyclobutane-1-carboxylic Acid Residue in Model Peptides"
J. Pept. Sci, (1997) 3, 110-122.
M.Crisma, F. Formaggio, G.Valle, C.Toniolo, M. Saviano, R. Iacovino, L. Zaccaro, E. Benedetti: “Experimental
evidence at atomic resolution for intramolecular NH… π (Phenyl) interactions in a family of amino acid derivatives”
Biopolymers, (1997) 42, 1-6.
L .De Napoli, A. Messere, D. Montesarchio, G. Piccialli, M. Varra:” 6-Chloroxanthosine as useful intermediate for
efficient syntheses of [6-15N] Isoguanosine, Isoinosine and other purine nucleoside analogues” Nucleosides and
Nucleotides, 16 (1&2: 183 (1997).
L. De Napoli, A. Messere, D. Montesarchio, G. Piccialli and M. Varra:”1-Substituted 2’-deoxyinosine analogues”
J. Chem.Soc.Perkin Trans. I , (1997). 2079
220
L. De Napoli, A. Messere, D. Montesarchio, A. Pepe, G. Piccialli, and M. Varra” Synthesis and triple helix formation
by alternate strand recognition of oligonucleotides containing 3’-3’ phosphodiester bonds” J. Org: Chem., (1997).62,
n.26: 9024.
M. Goodman, Q. Zhu, D. Kent, Y. Amino, R. Iacovino, E. Benedetti, A. Santini: “Conformational Analysis of a
Dipeptide Taste Ligand L-Aspartyl-D-2 aminobutyric acid-(S)-???ethylbenzylamide and its Analogs by NMR
Spectroscopy, Computer Simulations and X-ray Diffraction Studies”.J.Pept.Sci., (1997) 3, 231-241
E. Benedetti, B. Di Blasio, R. Iacovino, V. Menchise, M. Saviano, C. Pedone, G.M. Bonora, A. Ettorre, L.
α
α
Graci, F. Formaggio, M. Crisma, G. Valle, C. Toniolo: "Conformational restriction through C i ↔ C i
cyclization: 1-aminocycloheptane-1-carboxylic acid (Ac7c)"J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2, (1997) 2023-2032.
M. Gatos, F. Formaggio, M. Crisma, G. Valle, C. Toniolo, G.M. Bonora, M. Saviano, R. Iacovino, V.
Menchise, S. Galdiero, C. Pedone and E. Benedetti: "Conformational characterization of peptides rich in the
α,α
cycloaliphatic C
-disubstituted glycine 1-amino-cyclononane-1-carboxylic acid". J. Pept. Sci., (1997)3, 367382.
Casola, S., Pedone, P. V., Cavazzana, A. O., Basso, G., Luksch, R., d’Amore, E. S. G., Carli, M., Bruni, C. B. and
Riccio, A.. “Expression and parental imprinting of the H19 gene in human rhabdomyosarcoma”. Oncogene, (1997) 14,
1503-10.
Omichinski, J. G., Pedone, P. V., Felsenfeld, G., Gronenborn, A. M. and Clore, G. M.. “The solution structure of a
specific GAGA factor/DNA complex reveals a new twist in classical zinc finger/DNA recognition”. Nature Struct.
Biol., (1997) 4, 122-30.
Pedone, P. V., Omichinski, J. G., Nony, P., Trainor, C., Gronenborn, A. M., Clore, G. M. and Felsenfeld, G.. “The Nterminal fingers of cGATA-2 and cGATA-3 are independent sequence-specific DNA binding domains”. EMBO J.
(1997) 16, 2874-2882.
Ungaro, P., Casola, S., Vernucci, M., Pedone, P.V., Bruni, C.B. and Riccio, A.. "Relaxation of Insulin-like Growth
Factor-2 imprinting in rat cultured cells" Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., (1997) 135, 153-163.
1998
S. De Luca, G. Bruno, R. Fattorusso, C. Isernia, C. Pedone and G. Morelli, " New synthetic tools for peptidetetraphenylporphyrin derivatives", Letters in Peptide Science (1998), 5, 269-276.
E. Benedetti, C. Isernia, F. Nastri, C. Pedone, M. Saviano, D. F. Mierke, P. Melchiorri, L. Negri, R. L. Potenza, C.
Severini and V. Erspamer, " Conformational Analysis by NMR and Distance-Geometry Techniques of Deltorphin
Analogs", Eur. J. Org. Chem. (1998), 2279-2287.
M. Pellecchia, R. Fattorusso and G. Wider, “Determination of the Dihedral Angle Based on J Coupling Measurements
in 15N/13C-Labeled Proteins”, J. Am. Che. Soc., (1998), 120, 6824-25.
M. Martino, A. Bavoso, M.Saviano, B.Di Blasio, A. M. Tamburro; ” Structure and dynamics of elastin building blocks
Boc-LG-OEt, Boc-VGG-OH” J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. (1998) 14, 861-75.
G. Bruno, S. De Luca, C. Isernia, R. Fattorusso, F. Rossi, C. Pedone and G. Morelli, "New substituted
tetraphenylporphyrins": Synthesis, NMR Characterization and Mn(III) and Fe (III) complexes", J. Chem. Res. (S)
(1998), 18-19, (M) 214-230.
R. Fattorusso, C. De Pasquale, G. Morelli, C. Pedone, “ Hemoprotein Models based on a Covalent Helix-Heme-Helix
Sandwich 4. Discrimination of Paramagnetic Fe (III)-Mimochrome I ? and ? Isomers by NMR Spectroscopy”
Inorganica Chimica Acta, (1998), 278, 76-82.
E. Benedetti, R. Iacovino, M. Saviano: “The use of uncoded α-amino acids residues in drug design”. P.W. Codding
(ed.), Structure-Based Drug Design. 103-112. 1998 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands.
221
M. Goodman, R-H. Mattern, A. Santini, R. Iacovino, M. Saviano, E. Benedetti,:“X-ray Structures of New Dipeptide
Taste Ligands” J.Pept.Sci., (1998).4, 229-238
S. Benedetti, R. Iacovino, F. Rossi, M. Saviano: “Crystall structure of benzyloxycarbonyl-1-aminocyclopropan-1carboxylic acid N-(2,2,5,5,-tetramethylcylopentanyl) amide, C21H30N2O3”
Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie- New Crystal Structures, (1998).2131-2
B. Pengo, F. Formaggio, M. Crisma, C. Toniolo, G.M. Bonora, Q. B. Broxterman, J. Kamphuis, M. Saviano, R.
Iacovino, F. Rossi, E. Benedetti: “Linear oligopeptides. Part 406. 1 Helical screw sense of peptide molecules. the
pentapeptide system (Aib)4\L-Val[L-(αMe)Val] in solution”J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 2 (1998), 1651-1657.
E. Benedetti, M. Saviano, R. Iacovino, C. Pedone, A. Santini, M. Crisma, F.Formaggio, C. Toniolo, Q. B. Broxterman,
J. Kamphuis: “Helical screw sense of peptide molecules: the pentapeptide system (Aib)4\L-Val [L-(αMe)Val] in the
crystal state” Biopolymers (1998) 46, 433-443.
L. De Napoli, G. Di Fabio, A. Messere, D. Montesarchio, G. Piccialli, M. Varra “A facile solid phase synthesis of
oligonucleotides containing a 3’-3’ phosphodiester bond for alternate strand triple helix formation” Europ. J. Org.
Chem (1998). 2119 I.F.2.300
L De Napoli, G. Di Fabio, A. Messere, D. Montesarchio, G .Piccialli, M. Varra ” A new synthesis of Oxanosine and
2’-Deoxyoxanosine” Tetrahedron Letters, 39: 7397 (1998). I.F.2.400
L. De Napoli, A. Galeone, L. Mayol, A. Messere, D. Montesarchio, A. Pepe, G. Piccialli “ Studies on alternate strand
triple helix formation by oligodeoxyribonucleotides containing a 3’-3’ phosphodiester bond” Nucleosides and
Nucleotides, (1998). 17, (9-11): 1709
1999
M. Saviano, R. Iacovino, E. Benedetti, V. Cucinotta, G. Grasso and D. Sciotto: “Crystal structure of 6,6’-ditosyl-α-α’trehalose-methanol-water (1/2/2), C52H68O30S4.2CH3OH.2H2O” Kristallogr. NCS, , (1999) 214, 297-299.
L. De Napoli, R. Iacovino, A. Messere, D. Montesarchio, G. Piccialli, A. Romanelli, F. Ruffo and M. Saviano:
“Synthesis of platinum (II) complex of thymidine and 1-methyl-thymine (1-MeThy); crystal structure of cis-[PtCl(1MeThy)-(PPh3)2]” J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans., (1999).1945-1949.
C. Isernia, E. Bucci, L. De Napoli, P. Di Lello, R. Iacovino, D. Montesarchio, G. Piccialli, F. Rossi, M. Saviano and
E. Benedetti, "Homo-??amino Acid Residues: Synthesis And Conformation Of New Dipeptides Taste Ligands",
J. Phys. Org. Chem. (1999) 12, 1-11.
R. Fattorusso, M. Pellecchia, F. Viti, P. Neri, D. Neri and K. Wüthrich, “NMR structure of the human oncofoetal
fibronectin ED-B domain, a specific marker for angiogenesis”, Structure (1999), 7, 381-390.
Pedone, P. V., Pikaart, M. J., Cerrato, F., Vernucci, M., Ungaro, P., Bruni, C. B. and Riccio, A.. “Role of histone
acetylation and DNA methylation in the maintenance of the imprinted expression of the H19 and Igf2 genes”. FEBS
Letters, (1999) 458, 45-50.
L. De Napoli, G. Di Fabio, A. Messere, D. Montesarchio, G. Piccialli, M. Varra “Synthetic studies on the
glycosylationof the base residues of inosine and uridine “ J. Chem.Soc.Perkin Trans. I (1999)., 3489-3493.
E. Bucci, L. De Napoli, G. Di Fabio, A. Messere, D. Montesarchio, A. Romanelli, G. Piccialli, M. Varra “A new
ferrocenemethyl-thymidine: synthesis, incorporation into oligonucleotides and optical spectroscopic studies on the
resulting single strand, duplex and triplex structures” Tetrahedron., (1999).55: 14435-14450.
L De Napoli, A. Messere, D. Montesarchio, G. Piccialli, E. Benedetti, E. Bucci, F. Rossi “A new solid-phase synthesis
of oligonucleotides 3’-conjugated with peptides “Bioorg. & Med. Chem., (1999) 7: 395.
L. De Napoli, G .Di Fabio, A. Messere, D .Montesarchio, D. Musumeci, G. Piccialli “New 3’-3’ linkers for alternate
strand triplex forming oligonucleotides” Nucleosides and Nucleotides, (1999) 18, (6 & 7): 1639.
222
L. De Napoli, G. Di Fabio, A. Messere, D. Montesarchio, D. Musumeci, G. Piccialli” Synthesis and characterization of
new 3’-3’ linked oligodeoxyribonucleotides for alternate strand triple helix formation” Tetrahedron, (1999) 55: 9899.
2000
Sperandeo, M.P., Ungaro, P., Vernucci, M., Pedone, P. V., Cerrato, F., Perone, L., Casola, S., Cubellis, M. V., Bruni,
C. B., Andria, G., Sebastio, G. and Riccio, A. “Relaxation of Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 imprinting and discordant
methylation at KvDMR1 in two first-cousins affected by Beckwith-Wiedmann and Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber
syndromes” Am. J. Hum. Genet. (2000) 66 (3):841-7.
Vernucci, M., Cerrato, F., Besnard, N., Casola, S., Pedone, P.V., C.B. and Riccio, A.. "The H19 endodermal enhancer
is required for Igf2 activation and tumor formation in experimental liver carcinogenesis" Oncogene (2000) 19,. 63766385.
F. Rossi, E. Bucci, C. Isernia, M. Saviano, R. Iacovino, A. Romanelli, P. Di Lello, M. Grimaldi, D. Montesarchio, L.
De Napoli, G. Piccialli, and E. Benedetti, "Effect Of Lengthening Of peptide backbone By Insertion Of Chiral Homo-?Amino Acid Residue. Conformational Behaviour Of Linear Peptides Containing Alternating L-Leucine And -homo-?L-Leucine Residues", Biopolymers (2000) 53, 140-149
M. Saviano, C. Isernia, F. Rossi , B. Di Blasio, R. Iacovino, M. Mazzeo, C. Pedone & E. Benedetti "Solid state
structural analysis of the cyclooctapeptide cyclo(Pro1-Pro-Phe-Phe-Ac6c-Ile-D-Ala-Val8)", Biopolymers (2000). 53,
189-199
G. Aliotta, G. Cafiero, V. De Feo, B. Di Blasio, R. Iacovino, A. Oliva. “Allelochemicals from Rue (Ruta graveolens
L.) and Olive (Olea europea L.) oil mill waste waters as potential natural pesticide” Current Topics in Phytochemistry,
(2000) 3, 167-177.
G. Impellizzeri, G. Pappalardo, F. D’Alessandro, E. Rizzarelli, M. Saviano, R. Iacovino, E. Benedetti, and C. Pedone:
“Solid state and solution conformation od 6-{4-[N-tert-Butoxycarbonyl-N-(N’-ethylpropanamide]imidazolyl}-6deoxycyclomaltoheptaose: evidence of self-inclusion of the boc group within the β-Cyclodextrin cavity” Eur. J. Org.
Chem. (2000) 1065-1076.
M. Saviano, R. Iacovino, V. Menchise, E. Benedetti, G.M. Bonora, M. Gatos, L. Graci, F. Formaggio, M. Crisma & C.
?
?
Toniolo "Conformational Restriction through Ci ↔Ci Cyclization: Ac12c, the Largest Cycloaliphatic
????
C
???Disubstituted Glycine Known", Biopolymers (2000), 53, 200-212.
E. Benedetti, M. Saviano, V. Menchise, R. Iacovino, M. Crisma, F. Formaggio, A. Moretto and C. Toniolo: "Peptide
folding as a result of the incorporation of large-ring, cycloaliphatic C??? disubstituted glycines" In Pept. New
Millennium, Proc. Am. Pept. Symp., 16th (2000), Meeting Date 1999, 275-276
M. Saviano, R. Iacovino, E. Benedetti, V. Moretto, A. Banzato, F. Formaggio, M. Crisma, C. Toniolo “Preferred
conformation of peptides based on cycloaliphatic C?,?-disubstituted glycines: 1-amino-cycloundecane-1-carboxylic acid
(Ac11c).“ J. Pept. Sci. (2000), 6(11), 571-583.
L. De Napoli, S. De Luca, G. Di Fabio, A. Messere, D. Montesarchio, G. Morelli, G. Piccialli,
D. Tesauro “A facile solid phase strategy for the synthesis of oligonucleotide–tetraphenylprphyrin conjugate” Eur. J.
Org. Chem, (2000) 1013-1018.
L. De Napoli, A. Messere, D. Palomba, G. Piccialli, G. Piccialli, A. Evidente ”Studies Toward the Synthesis of
Pinolidoxin, a Phitotoxic Nonelolide from the Fungus Ascocyta pinodes. Determination of the Configuration at
the C-7, C-8 and C-9 chiral Centres and stereoselective Synthesis of C6-C18 Fragment.” J. Org. Chem, (2000) 65:
3432-3442.
A. De Capua, L. De Napoli, G. Di Fabio, A. Messere, D. Montesarchio, G. Piccialli “Glycosylation of Inosine and
Uridine Nucleoside Bases and Synthesis oh the new 1-(β-D- Glucopyranosyl)-Inosine-5’,6’-Diphosphate” Nucleosides
and Nucleotides, (2000) 19 (8): 1289-1299.
2001
223
A. Romanelli, I. Garella, V. Menchise, R. Iacovino, M. Saviano, D. Montesarchio, C. Didierjean, P. Di Lello, F.
Rossi, E. Benedetti. “Crystal-state conformation of C???-dialkylated peptides containing chiral ?-homo-residues”. J.
Pept. Sci. (2001), 7(1), 15-26.
C. Peggion, F. Formaggio, M. Crisma, C. Toniolo, J. Kamphuis, B. Kaptein, Q. N. Broxterman, R.M. Vitale, R.
Iacovino, M. Saviano, E. Benedetti. “C?-Methyl,C?-allylglycine (Mag) Homooligomers”. Macromolecules (2001), 34,
4263-4269.
A. Moretto, F. Formaggio, M. Crisma, C. Toniolo, M. Saviano, R. Iacovino, R.M.Vitale, E. Benedetti “ Ac10c: a
medium-ring, cycloaliphatic C??? disubstituted glycine. Incorporation into model peptides and preferred conformation”
J. Pept. Res.,(2001) 57, , 307-315.
S. De Luca, D. Tesauro, P. Di Lello, R. Fattorusso, M. Saviano, C. Pedone, G. Morelli. “Synthesis and solution
characterization of a porphyrin-CCK8 conjugate”. J Pept Sci (2001) 7, 386-94.
M. Saviano, E. Benedetti, B. Di Blasio, E. Gavuzzo, O. Fierro, C. Pedone, R. Iacovino, E. Rizzarelli, G. Vecchio:
“Difunctionalized ?-cyclodextrins:synthesis and X-ray diffraction structure of 6I,6II-dideoxy-6I,6II-bis[2-(2pyridyl)ethylamoni]-?-cyclomaltoheptaose ” J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans.2, 6, 946-952 (2001).
C. Toniolo , M. Crisma, F. Formaggio, C. Peggion, Q. B. Broxterman, B. Kaptein, H. E. Schoemaker, F. P.J.T. Rutjes,
J. J.N. Veerman, R. M. Vitale, E. Benedetti and M.e Saviano “Allyl-based, C-Methylated –Amino acids in the sidechain to side chain ring g-closing metathesis reaction of-turn/310-helical peptides. Abstract American Peptide Society
(2001)
Appendix 3
Name of the Unit:
Research Director:
Years included
Caserta 1
Benedetto Di Blasio
1993-1997
Name of Journal
JACS
Number
Articles
1
Mol. Cell. Endocrinol
J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 1
1
2
Biopolymers
Macromolecules
J. Pept. Sci
LIPS
J. Org. Chem.
Nucleosides and Nucleotides
Oncogene
EMBO J.
Tetrahedron Letters
Tetrahedron
J. Chem. Soc. Dalton Trans.
Bioorg. & Med. Chem.
J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 2
Other
7
1
7
2
3
4
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
14
of Journal
Factor
5.948
Impact Field(s)
Ranking
Chemistry
5/110
1.874
1.799
Chem Org.
13/54
14/37
2.331
3.534
1.311
0.700
3.722
0.798
6.517
13.973
2.497
2.232
2.310
1.791
1.929
Chem Org
Chem Org
Chem Org
Chem Org
Chem Org
Chem Org
Chem Org
Chem Org
Org. Chem.
Org. Chem.
Chem Org
Bioorg.
Chem. Applird
5/37
8/37
11/37
4/32
224
CATANIA
CATANIA 2
Gruppo di Fotochimica
Group of Photochemistry
University:
Universita’ degli Studi di Catania
University of Catania
Faculty:
Facolta’ di Scienze Matematiche Fisiche e Naturali e
and Faculty of Pharmacy
Department:
Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
Department of Chemical Sciences
Thematic area
Research Leader
Prof. Giuseppe Condorelli
Contact Person
Giuseppe Condorelli
V.le A.Doria, 6
95125 Catania, Italy
Phone: +39 95 334674
Fax: 39 95 580138
1.Chimica degli ecosistemi (chimica del suolo,
delle acque e dell’aria; impatto dei prodotti di
sintesi sull’ambiente).
2.Sintesi ecosostenibili (solventi, fotochimica,
catalisi, riciclo e altre).
3.Tecnologie di depurazione (membrane,
sonochimica, fotocatalisi, elettrochimica e altre).
The Unit, that is actually coincident with the research team Photochemistry of the Department of Chemical Sciences of
the University of Catania, is located in an area that is defined by the EU a depressed area; in fact, the once flourishing
industrial basin is steadily declining. The team, put together more then ten years ago, is constituted by members
belonging to the area of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Faculties of Pharmacy and of Sciences. In the past the
team focused his attention on the photoreactivity of organometallic compounds but, since the beginning of 1990, the
research has been shifted towards the photoreactivity of drugs.
The Department provides all the experimental equipment. The research group does not have any administrative
personnel; consequently, the vast majority of administrative matters (e.g. the compilation of the present forms) is dealt
with by the people listed in Section 4.
The University of Catania (www.unict.it) was founded in 1434 as a Studium Generale, Catania. It is today the 9th
University in Italy, as far as student population is concerned. The University serves mainly five districts (Catania, Enna,
Caltanissetta, Siracusa and Ragusa). The high percentage of students coming from districts other than Catania’s
prompted the opening of new Laurea and Diploma courses in towns located in the vicinity of Catania (Siracusa,
Ragusa, Enna, Caltagirone, Giarre).
The University of Catania is the 2nd University in Italy that filed a report for the Quality Audit Programme of the
Conference of European Rectors. The University of Catania was also one of the first Universities that joined INCA.
The University of Catania is also well connected with other Italian Universities; in fact, a School of Excellence has
recently been promoted as a part of a national network.
225
The University has some 29 departments and 3 research centres which are arranged in twelve faculties (namely
Agricultural Sciences, Architecture, Arts and Philosophy, Economics, Engineering, Foreign Languages and Literature,
Law, Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences, Medicine and Surgery, Pedagogical Sciences, Pharmacy, and
Political Sciences).
Students:
The total number of the students (Academic Year 2000-2001) is 53030; out of these 5652 are enrolled in Courses
offered by the Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences and 2000 are enrolled in Courses offered by the
Faculty of Pharmacy.
Faculty and Staff members:
The University of Catania comprises a total of 1506 faculty staff members. 316 of them belong to the Faculty of
Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences and 68 belong to the Faculty of Pharmacy.
Department:
The Department of Chemical Sciences (www.unict.it/dipchi/) is the largest Department of the University of Catania in
terms of both faculty and staff members with a total of 87 Professors and Researchers; the Department has a total of 27
technicians and administrative personnel. The research activities of the Department cover all the most important areas
of chemistry. The Department is involved in several EU projects, in cooperative projects with national and international
institutions and is strictly linked to the main local industries. The Department supports the research groups through its
technical and administrative services, providing sophisticated equipment and an updated library. A detailed Activity
Report of the Department for the period 2000-2001 may be found in
(http://www.unict.it/psmfn/Department_of_Chemical_Sciences.htm).
The Unit
The Unit of INCA directed by Professor Giuseppe Condorelli is actually composed by
3 Full Professors: Prof. Giuseppe Condorelli, Prof. Lucia Laura Costanzo, Prof. Salvatore Giuffrida 1 Associated
Profesor: Prof. Guido De Guidi
1 Researcher: Dr. Salvatore Sortino
3 Ph.D Students: Mrs Alessandra Belvedere, Mr. Salvatore Petralia, Mr. Stefano Torrisi
A variable number of undergraduate students.
Teaching load:
The members of the unit teach several courses.
Professor Condorelli:
Environmental Chemistry for Pharmacy Degree
Environmental Chemistry for Pharmacy Short Degree
Bioinorganic Chemistry for Pharmacy Degree;
Photochemistry (Advanced Course) for PhD Course.
Professor Costanzo:
General and Inorganic Chemistry for Biology Degree.
Photochemistry (Advanced Course) for PhD Course.
Professor Giuffrida:
General and Inorganic Chemistry for Geology Degree;
Chemistry Short Degree
Advanced Inorganic Chemistry for Chemistry Degree.
Prof. De Guidi:
General and Inorganic Chemistry for Biology Degree.
General and Inorganic Chemistry for Agricultural Sciences
Photochemistry (Advanced Course) for PhD Course
Dr. Sortino:
Principle of General and Inorganic Chemistry for Pharmacy Short Degree 1
Principle of General and Inorganic Chemistry for Pharmacy Short Degree 2
Radiochemistry for Pharmacy Degree
Photochemistry (Advanced Course) for PhD Course
226
1
Title
Molecular mechanisms of photosensitization induced by drugs on biological systems and design of photoprotective
systems.
2
Research Leader
Professor Giuseppe Condorelli
2a
3
Names and Titles
Year of Rank
Birth
Prof. Lucia Laura Costanzo
Prof. Salvatore Giuffrida
1930
1935
1946
Prof. Guido De Guidi
1956
Dr. Salvatore Sortino
Mrs Alessandra Belvedere
Dr. Salvatore Petralia
Dr. Stefano Torrisi
1966
1973
1973
1975
Full Prof.
Full Prof.
Associated
Prof.
Associated
Prof.
Researcher
Ph. D
Ph. D
Ph. D
Research
Input in fte
in 2001
0.4
0.4
0.4
Remarks
0.4
0.8
1
1
1
Comments
Major changes in the previous five years:
Dr. De Guidi has become Associated Professor; his previous position was Researcher
In the following five years the major changes in the Unit should be:
Dr. Sortino has applied for an Associate Professor position
4
Category
Full Professors
Ricercatori
Post-docs
PhD-students
Borsisti
Total
1997
0.8
0.4
1.5
2.7
1998
0.8
0.8
0.8
1999
0.8
0.8
0.8
2000
0.8
0.8
0.8
2001
0.8
0.8
0.8
Total
4.0
3.6
4.7
2
3
3
3
11
4.4
5.4
5.4
5.4
23.3
Comments
The trend in size of the Photochemistry team of the Department of Chemistry of the University of Catania is constant
since 1999 due to the simultaneous presence of three Ph.D students.
5
Funding
5.1
Personnel (in fte)
Source
University
1997
2.7
1998
4.4
1999
4.4
2000
3.4
2001
3.4
Total
18.3
227
CNR
European Union
Other Sponsors
Total
5.2
2.7
2
2
5
5.4
5.4
5.4
23.3
1999
143.3
2000
46.0
5.0
2001
160.0
Total
404.1
12.0
90.9
38.0
56.0
(Ist. Sup. (Ist. Sup. (Ist. Sup.
Sanità)
Sanità)
Sanità)
400.0
(INCA
488/96)
12.5
(INCA)
105.9
181.3
519.5
160.0
597.4
4.4
Source
University - MURST
CNR
EU
Other Sponsors
1997
39.8
7.0
Total
46.8
5.3
1
1998
15.0
1013.5
Comments:
• On the figures
The majority of the staff is paid by the University and is permanent; the University and the EU support Ph.D. students.
No administrative personnel works specifically for the group; this forces the academic staff to take care of
administrative matters, since the department administrative personnel is not enough to take care of research groups.
*
In the last year, a remarkable financial support by the Istituto Superiore di Sanità on the subject of “drugs
photostability” was an input for a further shift of the research a more practical aspect. This financial support was
renewed for 1998 and 2000.
6.
Progress Report
6.1
Progress analysis
The research unit has focused the attention on the sunlight impact on xenobiotic substances such as drugs, cosmetics,
industrial products and so on can create serious environmental problems with consequent dangerous effects on living
matter. The attention of the unit has been mainly focused to the light action on the drugs after therapeutic
administration. The photophysical, photochemical and photosensitization properties of drugs belonging to different
pharmacological classes such as non-steroidal antiinflammatory, antibacterial fluoroquinolones, anticancers and
vasoregulators have been extensively studied in details. These studies have been addressed to the clarification of the
molecular mechanisms involved in the processes induced upon sunlight absorption by these compounds and to the
development of suitable photoprotective systems able to improve the drug photostability and to reduce the drugphotoinduced toxic effects. Particular attention has been devoted to the study of the drug photobehavior in real
biological systems such as proteins and DNA and biological mimicking systems such as cyclodextrins, micellar
aggregates and vescicual systems. These investigation have been motivated by the fact that the drug phototoxicity is
often not correlated to the photophysical and photochemical properties of the drug in homogeneous solution. Actually,
shape, charge, size, hydrophobicity and geometry of the photosensitizer are some of the parameters that can lead to the
formation of supramolecular aggregates with the biological substrates. The photochemical behavior of these
supramolecules has been observed to be frequently fairly different if compared to that of the free molecule. Therefore, a
stepwise or sequential approach consisting in investigating the drug photobehavior in increasing complexity media has
represented an ideal strategy for a better correlation between drug photochemistry and phototoxicity. Moreover, the
investigation on the drug photoreactivity in micromedia with particular polarity features and in the presence of steric
constraints or specific interactions, apart contributing to the understanding of the photoreactivity in a native biological
system has provided useful knowledge for the development of photoprotective devices addressed to improve the drug
photostability and to reduce the amount of the light-induced toxic effects. Thus, these studies, performed by combining
228
steady state and time resolved spectroscopic techniques, have allowed to delucidate of the factors influencing the
molecular reactivity of almost all the drugs investigated in order to get control of it.
6.2
The Unit has collaborated with the Pavia Unit and, at the present, a new collaboration with the Unit of Lecce directed
by Prof. Ludovico Valli has been created. The goal of this new collaboration is the development of new optical sensors
for gas molecule.
6.3
Key Publications
S. Monti, S. Sortino, E. Fasani and A. Albini,
Multifaceted photoreactivity of 6-fluoro-7-aminoquinolones from the lowest excited states in aqueous media: a study
by nanosecond and picosecond spectroscopic techniques
Chem. Eur. J. 7, 2001, 2185-2196.
S. Sortino, G. Marconi and G. Condorelli,
New insight on the photoreactivity of the phototoxic anti-cancer flutamide: photochemical pathways selectively locked
and unlocked by structural changes upon drug compartmentalization in phospholipid bilayer vesicles,
Chem. Comm. 2001, 1226-1227
S. Sortino, J. C. Scaiano, G. De Guidi and L.L. Costanzo,
Copper (II) in the part per million range, modulates photochemical and photosensitizing properties of tolmetin via
electron transfer with a triplet carbanion
Chem. Comm. 19 (1999) 2003-2004
S. Sortino, J.C. Scaiano and G. Condorelli,
Transient photochemistry of diflunisal: photoejection and trapping of hydrated electrons leading to the formation of
phenoxy radicals, photostimulated defluorination and cross combination reaction.
J. Phys. Chem. B 103 (1999) 9279-9284.
S. Sortino, S. Giuffrida and J.C. Scaiano,
Phototoxicity of naphazoline. Evidence that hydrated electrons, nitrogen centered radicals and OH radicals trigger
DNA damage: a combined photocleavage and laser flash photolysis study.
Chem Res. Toxicol. 12 (1999) 971-978.
7.
Scientific Output
7.1
Publication Policy
The research carried out by the team, has offered the possibility to publish on both fundamental research and specialist
scientific journals.
7.2
Numerical data
Category
PhD-Dissertations
1997
1
1998
1999
2000
2
2001
Total
3
4
6
12
5
8
35
Master’s Theses
2
2
6
2
4
16
Please give a quantitative summary of the publication list, presented under Sections 7.3 -7.5 and elaborate on the
selection criteria used for the overviews
229
8
Self-evaluation
The Unity of Catania, has acquired a considerable experience in several fields of photochemistry and in particular
on the molecular mechanisms of drug photodegradation and photosensitization and in the design of
photoprotective systems. On the basis of its expertize the Unit has participated fruitfully to three projects financed
by the National Institute for Pubblic Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità) on "Chemical-physical properties of drugs
and their safety use" with an item regarding "drug photostability and photoreactivity" and two projects financed by
MURST on Drug photochemistry in Organized media. Some of the components of the team have spent time to
work in other scientific institutions and this has been the occasion to initiate fruitful scientific collaborations. The
main national and international institution to which the unit collaborate with are listed below:
Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività CNR of Bologna (Dr. S. Monti, G. Marconi)
Dipartimento
di
Tecnologie
Farmaceutiche dell'Università di Palermo (Prof. G. Giammona)
Dipartimento
di
Chimica
Organica
dell'Università
di
Pavia
(Prof.
A.
Albini)
Dipartimento
di
Chimica
Organica
dell'Università
di
Genova
(Prof.
A.
Bargagna)
Departamento de Quimica/Instituto de Tecnologia Quimica UPV-CSIC, Universidad Politecnica Valencia (Spain)
(Prof. M.A. Miranda)
Department
of
Chemistry
University
of
Ottawa
(Canada)
(Prof.
J.C.
Scaiano)
- Deparment of Chemistry at Union College Schenectady, New York (USA)(Dr. L.J. Martinez)
Max-Plank Institute fur Stralenkemie, Muhlheim (Dr. S. Braslawsky)
The clearness of the research goals, which can contribute to solve some problems of the community, the good
agreement between goals and acquired experience, the concentration of the whole skills directed to obtain the
maximum result along with the presence of young people in the group represent the main positive aspects of the team.
On the other hand, the main weakening are represented by the small dimension of the group, the inadequate technicaladministrative support provided from the Department structure, the lack of adequate financial support, the excess of
didactic charge, the hard bureaucratic and institutional charges in which some group members are involved.
Appendix I
Scientific Output
I-1
I.1.1 Dissertations
Year
Name PhD-student
I.1.2
Master's Thesis
Year
1997
PhD-student
Paolo Miano
2000
Alberto Velardita
2000
Gabriella Salemi
I.1.2
Master’s Thesis
Supervisor
Molecular
mechanisms
of
photosensitization induced by xenobiotic
agents DNA.
Molecular
mechanisms
of
photosensitization induced by drugs on
membranes and DNA
Photoprotective effects of particellar
systems towards photodegradation and
photosensitization effects induced by
drugs
Supervisor
Prof. S.Giuffrida
Prof. G. Condorelli
Prof. G. Condorelli
230
Year
1997
Student
Maria Concetta
Curcuruto
1997
Tiziana Tramontana
1998
Francesco Rametta
1998
1999
Valeria Scalora
Stefania Romeo
1999
Costanza Bellecci
1999
Alessandra Belvedere
1999
Chiara Messina
1999
Mario Mancini
1999
Sandro Fazio
2000
Salvatore Petralia
2000
Stefano Torrisi
2001
Marcello Riolo
2001
Salvatore Beffumo
2001
Elena Solfato
2001
Alfio Catalfo
I-2
Study on the interaction non steroidal
antiinflammatory
drugs-DNA
by
differential
scan
calorimetry
and
photoinduced cleavage.
Molecular mechanisms induced by
Enoxacin on DNA.
Photodegradation of Rufloxacin in
aqueous medium
The photochemistry of Flutamide
Molecular
mechanisms
of
photodegradation and photosensitization
of Naphazoline
Photosensitization processes induced by
Rufloxacin
The photochemistry of Diflunisan in
aqueous solution and in micellare systems
Effects
of
Copper(II)
on
the
photochemical anc photosensitization
processes of tolmetin
Machanisms of photochemical reactions
in Copper-DNA complexes
Influence
of
the
cyclodextrin
microenvironment on the photophysical
and
photochemical
processes
of
non.steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
The photochemistry of Flutamide in
cyclodextrin cavities and micellare
systems
Effects of phosphate ions on the
deactivation of the lowest excited states
of enoxacin
Photoprotective effects of anionic
micelles on the photodegradation of
lomefloxacin
Fluorescence polarization, quenching,
energy transfer and photodegradation of
the complex albumin-diflunisal
Mechanisms of guanine selective
oxidation photosensitised by rufloxacin
Photosensitized generation of 8-idroxy2’-deoxiguanosine in the oxidative
damage of DNA induced by rufloxacin
Supervisor
Prof. G.De Guidi
Prof. G.De Guidi
Prof. S. Giuffrida
Prof. S. Giuffrida
Prof. S. Giuffrida
Prof. S. Giuffrida
Prof. S. Giuffrida
Dr. S. Sortino
Prof. L.L. Costanzo
Dr. S. Sortino
Prof. G. De Guidi
Prof. S. Giuffrida
Dr. S. Sortino
Prof. S. Giuffrida
Dr. S. Sortino
Prof. S. Giuffrida
Dr. S. Sortino
Prof. S. Giuffrida
Dr. S. Sortino
Prof. S. Giuffrida
Dr. S. Sortino
Prof. G. De Guidi
Prof. G. De Guidi
1997
1.S.Monti, S.Sortino, G.De Guidi and G.Marconi, Photochemistry of 2-(3-benzoylphenyl)propionic acid
(ketoprofen).Part 1. A picosecond and nanosecond time resolved study in aqueous solution, , J.Chem.Soc.,
Faraday Trans., 93 (1997) 2269-2275.
2.G.Giammona, G.Pitarresi, V.Tomarchio, G.De Guidi and S.Giuffrida, Swellable microparticles
containing Suprofen: evaluation of in vitro release and photochemical behaviour, J.Contr.Release (1997)
231
3.G.Condorelli, G.De Guidi, S.Giuffrida, S.Monti, S.Sortino and A.Velardita, A comparative study of
photosensitizing activity of four fluoroquinolones: Clinafloxacin, Enoxacin, Ofloxacin and Orbifloxacin, .
Photochem. Photobiol. 65S (1997) 75-76
4.L.L.Costanzo, G.De Guidi, S.Giuffrida, S.Monti, S.Sortino and A.Velardita, Photochemical and
photophysical study of Enoxacin in aqueous solution, . Photochem. Photobiol. 65S (1997) 22.
1998
1.S.Monti, S.Sortino, G.De Guidi and G.Marconi, Supramolecular photochemistry of
2-(3benzoylphenyl)propionic acid (Ketoprofen). A study in the β-cyclodextrin cavity New J. Chem. (1998) 599604.
2.S.Sortino, G.De Guidi, S.Giuffrida, S.Monti and A.Velardita, pH effect on the spectroscopic and
photochemical behavior of enoxacin: a steady state and time resolved study Photochem. Photobiol. 67 (1998)
167-173
3.S.Sortino, G.De Guidi, G.Marconi and S.Monti, Triplet photochemistry of suprofen in aqueous environment
and in the ??cyclodextrin inclusion complex., Photochem. Photobiol. 67 (1998) 603-611.
4.S.Sortino, G. Condorelli, G. De Guidi and S. Giuffrida, Molecular mechanism of photosensitization XI.
Membrane damage and DNA cleavage photoinduced by enoxacin Photochem. Photobiol. 68 (1998) 652-659.
5.G. De Guidi, G. Condorelli, L.L. Costanzo, S. Giuffrida, S. Monti, and S. Sortino, Molecular mechanisms
of photosensitization induced by drugs on biological systems and design of photoprotective systems, in Drugs
Photochemistry and Photostability, Ed. by A. Albini and E. Fasani, The Royal Society of Chemistry (1998)
194-210.
6.S. Monti, S.Sortino, S. Encinas, G. Marconi, G. De Guidi and M.A. Miranda, Photoprocesses in
photosensitizing drugs containing a benzophenone-like chromophore, in Drugs Photochemistry and
Photostability, Ed. by A. Albini and E. Fasani, The Royal Society of Chemistry (1998) 150-161.
1999
1.S. Sortino and J.C. Scaiano, Laser flash photolysis of tolmetin: a photoadiabatic decarboxylation with a
triplet carbanion as a key intermediate in the photodecomposition Photochem. Photobiol. 69 (1999) 167-172.
2.S. Sortino, J. C. Scaiano, G. De Guidi and L.L. Costanzo, Copper (II) in the part per million range,
modulates photochemical and photosensitizing properties of tolmetin via electron transfer with a triplet
carbanion Chem. Comm. 19 (1999) 2003-2004
3.S.Sortino, J.C. Scaiano and G. Condorelli, Transient photochemistry of diflunisal: photoejection and
trapping of hydrated electrons leading to the formation of phenoxy radicals, photostimulated defluorination
and cross combination reaction. J. Phys. Chem. B 103 (1999) 9279-9284.
4.S.Sortino and J.C. Scaiano, Photogeneration of hydrated electrons, nitrogen centered radicals and singlet
oxygen from naphazoline: a laser flash photolysis study Photochem. Photobiol. 70 (1999) 590-595.
5.S. Sortino, S. Giuffrida and J.C. Scaiano, Phototoxicity of naphazoline. Evidence that hydrated electrons,
nitrogen centered radicals and OH radicals trigger DNA damage: a combined photocleavage and laser flash
photolysis study. Chem Res. Toxicol. 12 (1999) 971-978.
6.S. Sortino, J.C. Scaiano, G. De Guidi and S. Monti, Effect of ??cyclodextrin complexation on the
photochemical and photosensitizing properties of tolmetin: a steady state and time resolved study. Photochem.
Photobiol. 70 (1999) 549-556.
7.S. Sortino, G.Marconi, G.De Guidi, S. Giuffrida and S. Monti, Photophysical properties of rufloxacin neutral
aqueous solution. Photochem. Photobiol. 70 (1999) 731-736.
8.S. Sortino, G. De Guidi, S. Giuffrida, S. Fazio, G. Salemi and S. Monti,
On the Absorption and Emitting Properties of Three New Non Steroidal Antiinflammatory
Drugs-β-Cyclodextrin Host-Guest Inclusion Complexes: Differentiated Sensitivity to the Microenvironment
upon Light Excitation, Int.J.Photoenergy. 1 (1999) 19-23.
9.S. Sortino, J.C. Scaiano, and S. Giuffrida, Transient photochemistry of naphazoline in a protein
environment, New J. Chem. 23 (1999) 1159-1162.
10.F.Castelli, G.De Guidi, S.Giuffrida, P.Miano and S.Sortino, Molecular mechanism of photosensitization
XIII. A combined differential scan calorimetry and DNA photosensitization study in non-steroidal
antiinflammatory drug-DNA interaction Intern. J. Pharm. 184 (1999) 21-33
11.G. Condorelli, G. De Guidi, S. Giuffrida, S.Sortino, R. Chillemi and S. Sciuto, Molecular mechanism of
photosensitization induced by drugs. XII. Photochemistry and photosensitization of rufloxacin: an unusual
photodegradation path for the antibacterials containing a fluoroquinolones like chromophore. Photochem.
Photobiol. 70 (1999) 280-286.
232
12.G. De Guidi, S. Giuffrida, S. Monti, P.S. Pisu, S. Sortino and L.L. Costanzo,
Molecular mechanisms of photosensitization induced by drugs XIV: two different behaviours in the
photochemistry and photosensitization of antibacterials containing a fluoroquinolone-like chromophore, Int. J.
Photoenergy. 1 (1999) 13-18.
2000
1.S. Sortino, G. Cosa and J.C. Scaiano, pH Effect on the efficiency of the photodeactivation pathways of
naphazoline: a combined steady-state and time-resolved study, New J. Chem. 24 (2000) 159-163.
2.S. Conoci and S. Sortino, 2-anthrylmethyl pyrrole as a new fluorescent indicator for fluoride, Proceedings of
the 5th italian conference on sensor and microsystems. Ed. by World Scientific Publ. of Singapore 2000.
3.C. Borsarelli, S. Braslawsky, S. Sortino, G. Marconi and S. Monti, Photodecarboxylation of ketoprofen in
aqueous solution. A time-resolved laser-induced optoacoustic study. Photochem. Photobiol.72, 2000, 163-171.
4.S. Sortino and S. Conoci, Selective binding of 2-anthrylmethylpyrrole with fluoride: fluorescence and
theoretical studies. Chem. Phys. Lett. 323, 2000, 389-392.
5.S. Sortino, G. De Guidi, S. Giuffrida, A. Belvedere and G. Condorelli, The photochemistry of Diflunisal in
non-ionic (Brij-35) micelles: influence of the microenvironment on photoionization, electron trapping and
persistent radical effect. J. Phys. Chem. A 104 (51), 2000, 11918-11925
2001
1.S. Sortino, S. Giuffrida, G. De Guidi, R. Chillemi, S. Petralia, G. Marconi, G. Condorelli and S. Sciuto, The
photochemistry of flutamide and its inclusion complex with β-cyclodextrin. Dramatic effect of the
microenvironment on the nature and on the efficiency of the photodegradation pathways. Photochem.
Photobiol. 73, 2001, 6-13.
2.S. Monti, S. Sortino, E. Fasani and A. Albini, Multifaceted photoreactivity of 6-fluoro-7-aminoquinolones
from the lowest excited states in aqueous media: a study by nanosecond and picosecond spectroscopic
techniques Chem. Eur. J. 7, 2001, 2185-2196.
3.S. Sortino, G. De Guidi and S. Giuffrida, Drastic photochemical stabilization of lomefloxacin through
selective and efficient self-incorporation of its cationic form in anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles
New J. Chem. 25, 2001, 197-199.
4.S. Sortino, S. Giuffrida, S. Fazio and S. Monti, Spectroscopic characterization and photochemical behavior
of host-guest complexes between β-cyclodextrin and drugs containing a biphenyl-like chromophore, New J.
Chem. 25, 2001, 707-713.
5.S. Sortino, L. J. Martinez and G. Marconi, On the photophysical and photochemical behavior of fenbufen: a
study in homogeneous media and micellar environments, New J. Chem. 25, 2001, 975-980.
6.S. Sortino, G. Marconi and G. Condorelli, New insight on the photoreactivity of the phototoxic anti-cancer
flutamide: photochemical pathways selectively locked and unlocked by structural changes upon drug
compartmentalization in phospholipid bilayer vesicles, Chem. Comm. 2001, 1226-1227.
7.G. Pitarresi, G. Cavallaro, G. Giammona, G. De Guidi, M. G. Salemi and S. Sortino, New hydrogel matrices
containing an anti-inflammatory agent. Evaluation of in vitro release and photoprotective activity,
Biomaterials, 2001, 1-14.
8.S. Monti, S. Encinas, A. Lahoz, G. Marconi, S. Sortino, J. Perez-Prieto, M. A. Miranda Structure and
photochemical behavior of the cyclodextrin inclusion complexes of the benzoylthiophene-derived drugs
tiaprofenic acid and suprofen, Helvetica Chimica Acta, 84, 2001, 2452-2466.
I-3
233
I-4
Appendix 2
Name of Journal
Number
Articles
Chemistry an European Journal
1
Chemical Communications
2
New Journal of Chemistry
6
Chemical Research in Toxicology
1
1
Journal Control Release
1
Journal of Physical Chemistry A
1
Journal of Physical Chemistry B
1
J. Chem Soc. Faraday Trans.
1
Chem. Phys. Letters
1
Photochem. Photobiol.
12
International Journal Pharmaceutics
1
Biomaterials
1
International Journal Photoenergy
2
Drugs Photochemistry and Photostability 2
Sensors and Microsystems
of Journal
factor
4.614
3.902
2.445
3.180
2.027
2.626
2.630
3.379
1.787
2.364
2.146
1.419
2.489
Impact Field(S)
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
Physical Chemistry
Physical Chemistry
Physical Chemistry
Chemical Physics
Biophysics
Chemistry Pharmceutics
Material Chemistry
Ranking
7/118
11/118
19/118
12/118
23/118
17/118
22/93
16/93
35/93
6/30
29/63
89/186
3/11
Book Ed. by Royal
Society of Chemistry
1
Appendix 3
Name of the Unit:
Research Director:
Years included
Name of Journal
Group of Photochemistry
1997-2001
Number of Journal
Articles
factor
Chemistry an European Journal
1
4.614
Chemical Communications
2
3.902
New Journal of Chemistry
6
2.445
Chemical Research in Toxicology
1
3.180
1
2.027
Journal Control Release
1
2.626
Journal of Physical Chemistry A
1
2.630
Journal of Physical Chemistry B
1
3.379
J. Chem Soc. Faraday Trans.
1
1.787
Chem. Phys. Letters
1
2.364
Photochem. Photobiol.
12
2.146
International Journal Pharmaceutics
1
1.419
Biomaterials
1
2.489
International Journal Photoenergy
2
Drugs Photochemistry and Photostability 2
Sensors and Microsystems
1
Impact Field(S)
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
Physical Chemistry
Physical Chemistry
Physical Chemistry
Chemical Physics
Biophysics
Chemistry Pharmceutics
Material Chemistry
Book Ed. by Royal
Society of Chemistry
Ranking
7/118
11/118
19/118
12/118
23/118
17/118
22/93
16/93
35/93
6/30
29/63
89/186
3/11
234
CATANIA 3
Laboratorio per il riciclo dei materiali polimerici
Research Leader
Prof. Giorgio Montaudo
Laboratory for the polymer materials recycling
Contact Person
University:
Università degli Studi di Catania
Faculty:
Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Naturali
Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences
Please specify:
Name:
Prof. Giorgio Montaudo
Mailing Address: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
Università di Catania
V.le A. Doria, 6
95125 Catania
Phone: +39 95 7585002
Fax +39 95 221541
Department:
Thematic area
riciclo e altre).
The Unit is a research team of the Department of Chemical Science of the University of Catania. This is located in
an area that is defined by the EU as a “depressed area”; in fact, the once flourishing industrial basin is steading
declining. The Polymer and Industrial Chemistry area compares well with other areas such as Inorganic, Physical and
Organic Chemistry. Recently, a new industrial reality is being consolidated in the sector of the Microelectronics (Etnavalley).
Faculties
Arts
Economics
Law
Pedagogical Science Engineering
Science
Departments
Medicine
Architectur
e
Pharmac
y
Agricultura Polit
Scien
l
Science
235
Botan
y
Animal Chemica Mathematic
Biolog l Science s
y
Physic
s
Physiologic
Science
Geologic
Science
Microbiologi
c
Science
Students (Accademic Year 2000-2001) :
Students: Total number of students, 52030; 5652 are in coursed by Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural
Sciences.
Members:The total teaching staff of the University is composed of 1506 members. 316 are members of the Faculty of
Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences: of these 86 are members of the Chemistry Department.
Position of the University:The University of Catania is the 9th university in Italy, as far as student population is
concerned. It is the 2nd university in Italy to have filed a report for the Quality Audit Programme of the Conference of
European Rectors and is among the first 32 European Universities that are participated to the Evaluate programme. The
University serves mainly five provinces (Catania, Enna, Caltanissetta, Sirucusa and Ragusa). The high percentage of
students coming from districts other than Catania’s (43% induced the opening of new courses in other cities like
Siracusa, Ragusa, Modica, Scicli, Caltagirone and Giarre. The University of Catania is also well connected with other
Italian Universities; in fact, a School of Excellence has recently been promoted as a part of a national network. The
University was also one of the first Universities to participate to the INCA consortium.
The Unit
The Unit of INCA direct by Prof. Giorgio Montaudo is actally composed by
2 full professors: G. Montaudo, Emilio Scamporrino
1 associated professor: Alberto Ballistreri
3Ph.D. students: Paola Malvagna, Rossana Alicata, Sebastiano Bazzano
a variable number of graduating students.
Teaching load:
The members of the Unit are involved in the teaching of these courses.
Prof. G. Montaudo: Industrial Chemistry IIc. for industrial chemistry degree
Prof. E. Scamporrino: Macromolecular Chemistry for chemistry and industrial chemistry degree; Polymeric Chemistry
and Technology for chemistry and industrial chemistry degree; Industrial Chemistry and Polymeric Material Chemistry
for Material Science degree.
Prof. A. Ballistreri: Physical Methods in Organic Chemistry for Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology degree.
1.Title: Recycling Biomass, Agricultural Waste and Polymeric Materials by Pyrolysis to Obtain
Active Carbons.
2
Research Leader: Prof. Giorgio Montaudo
2a
Sub-progamme titles: Analysis and Characterization of polymeric wastes
Study of Polymeric Material Pyrolysis in a Batch Reactor
3
Names and Titles
Year of Rank
Birth
Giorgio Montaudo
Emilio Scamporrino
Alberto Ballistreri
Paola Malvagna
Rossana Alicata
Sebastiano Bazzano
1934
1951
1948
full professor
full professor
associated prof.
Ph.D student
Ph.D student
Ph.D student
Research Remarks
Input in
fte
in 2001
0.4
0.4
0.5
1
1
1
236
4.8
Comments
Prof. P. Maravigna has gone retired; his previous position was associated professor.
Prof. E. Scamporrino has become full professor; his previous position was associated professor.
In the following five years the major changes in the Unit should be:
The Ph. D. students (Malvagna, Alicata and Bazzano) will finish their Ph. D. Courses.
4
Category
Full Professors
Ricercatori
Post-docs
PhD-students
Borsisti
1997
0.4
1.5
1998
0.4
1.5
1999
0.4
1.5
2000
0.4
1.5
2001
0.4
1.5
Total
2.0
7.5
2
2
2
3
3
12
Total
3.9
3.9
3.9
4.9
4.9
21.5
Comments:
The trend in the size of the Polymer Chemistry team of the Department of Science of the University of Catania is quite
stable.
5
Funding
5.1
Personnel (in fte)
Source
University
CNR
European Union
Other Sponsors
Total
5.2
1998
1.9
1999
1.9
2000
1.9
2001
1.9
Total
9.5
Source
University - MURST
CNR
EU
Other Sponsors
Total
5.3
1997
1.9
1997
39.5
1998
230
1999
140
2000
40
2001
45
Total
495.5
200
239.5
230
140
40
170
215
370
865.5
Comments:
1.On the figures
The component of the staff is paid by the University and is permanent; PhD students are supported by the
University.
2.On the funding policy
Funds are from MURST, industrial sponsor (Novamont Company: research on some biodegradable
polymeric materials) and INCA (a national research project called “Recycling Biomass, Agricultural Waste and
Polymeric Materials by Pyrolisis to Obtain Active Carbons”, ministerial law 488/92).
6.
Progress Report
237
6.1
Mission Statement
The Unit missions directed towards the development of useful technologies in the field of synthetic and biological
polymeric materials. Members of the Unit are actively involved in research projects, both industrial and academic, to
develop industrial applications useful for small and medium industries.
6.2
The study of the chemical exchange reactions occurring among the reactive groups of polymers during melt-mixing
processes is necessary to predict their occurrence and to control their extent to preparation materials at controlled
composition. Recently our group has proposed a first classification and some unifying criteria for melt-mixing
processes of most common condensation polymers as polyesters, polyamides and polycarbonates. Mixtures of
polycarbonate/polyester
(PC/PET
and
PC/PBT),
polycarbonate/Nylon6
(PC/Ny6)
and
polyethylenterephthalate/polyethyleneadipate (PET/PEA) have been heated in a glass reactor or in a Brabender at
temperatures between 240 and 300 °C, under stirring and air or N2 flow. In these conditions, different mechanisms of
exchange reactions could happen according to the presence of catalysts and to the polymer composition [i.e. the direct
reaction between functional groups located inside the polymer chains ( inner-inner reactions) or the end groups,
originally present in the polymers or generated inside by thermal or hydrolytic degradation reactions, attack on the
inside functional linkages ( outer-inner reactions). These exchange reactions, of scarce significance in the case of
homopolymers, become most important when mixtures of different polymers are processed because variable amounts
of block, graft or random copolymers (that often change the chemical and physical properties of the blends) may be
form. On the basis of the structural and molecular characterization of the materials produced in the reactive mixing, a
detailed study of the mechanisms and of the kinetics of the exchange reactions have been made determining also
experimental conditions to obtain materials with a known structure and properties. As an example, it has been found
that for the PC/PET and PC/PBT blends the outer-inner reactions occurs at low temperature (about 240°C) by attack of
the OH and/or COOH polyester end groups to the inside PC carbonate linkages. In particular, it has been ascertained
that the formed phenol end groups do not react. Contrary the exchange inner-inner reactions become operative at higher
temperature then 290°C or at 270°C in presence of catalysts. As a consequence variable amounts of block copolymers
which gradually change to random are formed.
Recently there is increasing technological interest in the directly insertion of active units (special groups) in pre-formed
polymers through reactive mixing processes to form guest-host systems. Good results have been obtained, as an
example, in the case of some porphyrin, fullerene and diimine groups inserted in a commercial polycarbonate.
The remarkable properties of poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate)s have resulted in a growing interest in these bacterically
produced biodegradable polyesters. Blends with synthetic polymers such as polycaprolactone, poly(lactic acid) or
nylons and natural polymers from renewable sources are under observation. One of the problems associated with these
materials is their compatibility restriction that frequently limit their use. For this reason procedures directed to increase
the compatibility, modulating the chemical and physical properties of these mixtures are investigated.
The growing use of plastics in the most varied industrial, agricultural and urban sectors, is leading to the accumulation
of notable quantities of polymer based waste and solid refuse.The disposal of this refuse has become a great problem
without any easy solution, and must take account of respecting and protecting the environment. European legislature
concerning pollution favours the choice of tertiary recycling over disposal in rubbish tips or incineration when it is not
possible the reuse of waste for a primary or secondary recycling of polymers.
The technologies employed must of course take account of the economic aspect of the process and the new products,
as well as the method of obtaining them, which must no longer prove damaging to the environment. Recently, a
national research project called “Recycling Biomass, Agricultural Waste and Polymeric Materials by Pyrolisis to
Obtain Active Carbons”, ministerial law 488/92, has been launched in which our group also participates in the role of
Research Unit of the INCA consortium. The project concerns the recycling of biomass and agricultural waste
(lignocellulose residues from herbaceous, wood and forest crops, almond husks, hazelnut husks, olive residues etc.) and
polymeric refuse from agricultural uses (containers, greenhouse covers, wrapping film and mulching, etc.).
Thermochemical recycling has been proposed for the production of active carbons, a highly valuable product, which in
addition is imported into Europe. With regard to biomass, research has already reached an advanced stage of
development and now aims toward further improvements to make recycling economically competitive. In the case of
polymer refuse recycling, although a number of studies have been carried out on the thermal decomposition
mechanisms of polymers, the problem has been confronted in a marginal fashion and very few data regarding
carbonisation have been reported in literature.
The preliminary study of the thermic behaviour of the more widely consumed polymers (PE, PP, PS, EVA, PVC, PET,
Ny6 and their mixtures and mixtures with suitably additives) was carried out by thermogravimetric analysis simulating
different degradation conditions, working under air or nitrogen flows and varying both the final temperature as well as
the heating velocity. The carbonisation tests were thus performed on the basis of the best results obtained, using, under
controlled conditions, a Brabender and a Batch reactor designed and built by us. Batch reactor allows working with
broader temperature limits using small sample quantities and different atmosphere compositions. The lower part of the
238
reactor, where the thermal decomposition of the polymeric sample occurs, may in addition be removed thus facilitating
the quantitative recovery of the decomposition residue after each test. For the carbonisation of the various polymers, it
is necessary to find the optimal conditions leading to a partial decomposition of the chains with the formation of a
highly reticulated and thermostable system. It is usually necessary to heat the polymeric material to a temperature close
to its thermal decomposition temperature (at an excessively low temperature the polymer chains would be too stable to
trigger the decomposition reactions, while a higher temperature would provoke the total decomposition of the material).
Other variables to consider are the presence or not of oxygen and the opportune addition of suitable additives to
catalyse the carbonisation reactions of the polymeric chains. First carbonisation experiments in the Batch reactor were
performed under air flow at 350°C. Because the obtained carbon residues are not thermostable but destined for a
further and often marked drop in weight in the successive activation treatments (T>500°C) to form active carbon, to
evaluate the real yield of the thermostable residues, the carbons of the Batch reactor were submitted to heating at 800°C
under nitrogen flow (TGA tests). It results that some of the polymers such as PE, PP, PS and EVA (tests 1-4), despite
having the greatest percentage content of carbon in the molecules and leaving high quantities of residue after treatment
at 350°C, are not able to form thermostable residue; Ny6 and PET form small amounts while PVC leaves about 17.9%
residue, an amount corresponding to 46% of the total carbon content in the polymer. Considering the tendency of PVC
to decompose leaving a fairly abundant carbon residue, mixtures of PVC with other polymers to determine if the
reticulation processes of the PVC chains, which take place after the dehydrochlorination phase, may also involve the
other molecular chains in the formation, were prepared
In the case of PVC, as expected, the presence of zinc determines a consistent increase in the carbon residue which well
exceeds 50% of the theoretical carbon content in the polymer. Also in the case of the mixtures with other polymers, an
increase in the carbon residue with respect to the mixtures without zinc was observed; the catalytic effect proves
particularly efficacious in the case of the PVC/PET/ZnO mixture, for which a carbon yield of 28.5% was calculated
(corresponding to 76% of the theoretical carbon content in the starting mixture), well above that of the mixture without
zinc with an increase of about 50%.
6.3
The Unit is connected with other research groups of the same Department as confirmed by the publication of several
papers with researches of these groups.
The Unit actively collaborates with:
- Istituto per la Chimica e la Tecnologia dei Materiali Polimerici, CNR of Catania
- prof. La Mantia, University of Palermo.
- University of Messina
- Istituto CNR di Messina
The Unit collaborates with national companies and research centers:
University of Genova
University of Pisa
“Consorzio INCA”. The active collaboration with the researches of INCA is essential for the future growing of the
Unit.
In the last years some of the more active collaborations have been maintained with Exxon International (Belgium),
Essilor International, (France), NIOZ Institute (The Netherlands), Indian Institute of Science (India).
6.4
The growing use of plastics in the most varied industrial, agricultural and urban applications is leading to the
accumulation of remarkable amounts of polymer based waste. The problem concerning the recycling of polymeric
materials is particularly relevant in a region as Sicily where large amounts of these materials are produced and used
every years. The disposal of this refuse has become a great problem and must take account of respecting the
environment. The recycling of polymeric materials is generally performed by chemical, thermo-meccanical and
combustion processes. Recent researches are directed toward the pyrolysis of polymeric to prepare useful products.
Another relevant problem concerning the ambient pollution by plastics is the development and use of biodegradable
materials for the packaging. Researches are directed toward the synthesis of biodegradable polymeric materials both by
chemical and microbial processes.
239
6.5
Prof. G. Montaudo:
Postdoctoral Fellow, 1966-68; Brooklyn Polytechnic and University of Michigan, USA
Research Associate, 1971 University of Michigan
Humboldt Foundation Fellow, 1973 Mainz University
Visiting Professor May-July 1980 Mainz University
Visiting Professor March-September 1988 Cincinnati University
Visiting Professor September-November 1995 Universitù de Paris, France
Award of the Italian Chemistry Industry, Milan 1990
6.6
Key Publications
1.Montaudo G., Puglisi C., Montaudo G. (1999). Copolymer Composition: a key to the mechanisms of
Exchange
in
Reactive
Polymer
Blending.
In FAKIROV S. Transreactions in Condensation Polymers. (pp. 159-191). ISBN: 3-527-29790-1 NEW YORK:
Wiley-VCH (UNITED STATES).
2.Montaudo G., Rizzareli P. (2000). Synthesis and Enzymatic Degradation of Aliphatic Copolyesters.
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY. vol. 70, pp. 305.
3. Vitalini D., Mineo P., Iudicelli V., Scamporrino E., Troina G.: Preparation of Functionalized Copolymers
by Thermal Processes: Porphyrination of a CommercialPolycarbonate; MACROMOLECULES, 2000, 33,
p.7300.
4.A. Ballistreri, M. Giuffrida, S.P.P. Guglielmino, S. Carnazza, A. Ferreri, G. Impallomeni: Biosynthesis and
structural characterization of medium-chain-length poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate)s produced by Pseudomonas
aeruginosa from fatty acids;. J. BIOLOG. MACROMOLECULES, 2001,29, 107.
5.Montaudo G., Puglisi C., Samperi F., Chionne D., Turturro A. (2001). Species Produced in the Thermal
Oxidation of Nylon 6 Determined by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry. MACROMOLECULAR RAPID
COMMUNICATIONS.
vol.
22,
pp.
524-528.
7.
Scientific Output
7.1
Publication Policy
The Unit is mainly involved in fundamental research and, accordingly, the produced scientific papers are published in
fundamental research journals of international diffusion. Applied research is made too, but frequently scientific results
cannot be published because date reserved to the clients.
7.2
Numerical data
Category
PhD-Dissertations
1997
1998
1999
1
2000
2
2001
Total
3
2
9
12
2
7
32
Master’s Theses
3
2
2
2
9
8
Self-evaluation
The polymer chemistry team entered in the field of the thermal degradation of polymeric materials since
1980, producing more of one hundred high quality papers on the subject. The group was also active on studying the
240
mechanisms of smoke suppression and flame retardation of polymeric materials, producing some patent and high
quality papers. Research contracts with some national industries were also activated. The knowledge obtained in
polymer combustion and in particular on the char forming processes is resulted important in the study of the production
of active carbon from the pyrolysis of post-consume plastics.
The team is also involved in research programs about the synthesis and characterization of polymers with
particular attention to biodegradable polymers. In the last year several works concerning the mass spectrometric
analysis of polymeric materials have been also produced.
Appendix I
Scientific Output
I-1
Year
1997
1997
1997
1999
1999
1999
2000
2000
Name Master’s
student
Sabrina
Carrocccio
Giovanna
Schilirò
Giovanni
Troina
Paola
Rizzarelli
Paola
Maria
Malvagna
Rossana
Alicata
Sabrina
Carroccio
Nicolai Tasca
2000
Gaetano
Guzzetta
2000
Rosaria
Cozzolino
Daniele
Di Mauro
Sebastiano
Bazzano
2001
2001
I-2
Supervisor
Sintesi e Caratterizzazione di Copolimeri a Blocchi e Statistici
G. Montaudo
Sintesi e Caratterizzazione di Polieteri a base bisfenolica contenenti unità
E. Scamporrino
porfiriniche e lunghe catene alifatiche in catena
Determinazione del peso molecolare di polimeri polidispersi mediante E. Scamporrino
analisi MALDI-TOF
Biodegradabilità di Copoliesteri Sintetici
G. Montaudo
Degradazione termica del Policarbonato
Miscelazione
reattiva
di
Nylon6
G. Montaudo
e
Polibutilenetereftalato G. Montaudo
Studio dela Degradazione termica e termo-ossidativa di materiali polimerici
Sintesi, Caratterizzazione e Degradazione Enzimatica di Copoliesteri
Alifatici
Caratterizzazione di Copoliesteri Alifatici Biodegradabili Mediante
Spettrometria di Massa Matrix-Assisted laser Desorption/Ionization Time
of Flight
Metodi di analisi di biopolimeri mediante spettrometria di massa MALDITOF
Prodotti di Ossidazione del Policarbonato
G. Montaudo
G. Montaudo
G. Montaudo
G. Montaudo
Sintesi, mediante processi termici, e caratterizzazione di copolicarbonati E. Scamporrino
contenenti unità diimminiche aventi proprietà ottiche non lineari
1997
Molecular Weight Determination and Structural Analysis in Polydisperse Polymers by Hyphenated Gel Permeation
Chromatography/Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry; G.Montaudo,
M.S.Montaudo, C.Puglisi, F.Samperi
Int. J.Polymer Analysis & Charact. 3, 177.
Further Application of a Procedure for Molecular Weight and Molecular Weight Distribution Measurements of
Polydisperse Polymers from Their Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectra; D.
Vitalini, P. Mineo, E. Scamporrino.
Macromolecules, 30, 5285.
1998
241
Structural Characterization of Multicomponent Copolyesters by Mass Spectrometry; M.S.Montaudo, C.Puglisi,
F.Samperi, G.Montaudo
Macromolecules. 31, 8666 (1998)
Pyrolysis Pathways of Polyethers and a Method for the Interpretation of their Pyrolysis Mass Spectra of Polyethers;
C.G.Georgakopoulos, M.Statheropoulos, G.Montaudo
Polymer Degradation and Stability, 61, 481
An expert system for the interpretation of Pyrolysis mass spectra of condensation polymers; C.G.Georgakopoulos,
M.Statheropoulos, G.Montaudo
Analytica Chimica Acta 359, 213.
Partially Selective Methanolysis of Sebacic Units in Biodegradable Multicomponent Copolyesters; M.S.Montaudo,
G.Montaudo, C.Puglisi, F.Samperi
Macromol.Rapid Commun.19, 445.
Application of Size Exclusion Chromatography Matrix - assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-flight to the
Determination of Molecular Masses in Polydisperse Polymers; M.S.Montaudo, G.Montaudo, C.Puglisi, F.Samperi
Rapid Commun.Mass Spectrom. 12, 519.
Chemical Reactions Occurring in the Thermal Treatment of PC/PMMA Blends; G.Montaudo, C.Puglisi, F.Samperi
J.Polymer Science: Part A. 36, 1873.
Molar Mass Distributions and Hydrodynamic Interactions in Random Copolyesters investigated by Size Exclusion
Chromatography / Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization; M.S.Montaudo, C.Puglisi, F.Samperi G.Montaudo
Macromolecules. 31, 3839.
Mechanism of Exchange in BPT/PC and PET/PC Blends.Composition of the Copolymer Formed in the Melt Mixing
Process; G.Montaudo, C.Puglisi, F.Samperi
A New Procedure for Quantitative Correction of MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometric Response;
E. Scamporrino, P. Maravigna, D. Vitalini, P. Mineo.
Rapid Communication in Mass Spectrometry, 12, 646
1999
Analysis of Poly(Bispheno A Carbonate) by Size Exclusion Chromatography/Matrix-assisted Laser
Desorption/Ionization.2.Self-association Due to Phenol End Groups; C.Puglisi, F.Samperi, S.Carroccio, G.Montaudo
Rapid Commun.In Mass Spectrom. 13, 2268 (1999)
Analysis of Poly(Bispheno A Carbonate) by Size Exclusion Chromatography/Matrix-assisted Laser
Desorption/Ionization.1.End Group and Molar Mass Determination; C.Puglisi, F.Samperi, S.Carroccio, G.Montaudo
Rapid Commun.In Mass Spectrom. 13, 2260 (1999)
Maldi-Tof Investigation of Polymer Degradation. Pyrolysis of Poly(Bisphenol A Carbonate); C.Puglisi, F.Samperi,
S.Carroccio, G.Montaudo
Macromolecules. 32, 8821 (1999)
Bivariate Distribution of PMMA/PBA Copolymers by Combined SEC/NMR and SEC/MALDI; M.S.Montaudo,
G.Montaudo
Macromolecules. 32, 7015(1999)
Thermal Degradation mechanisms of Polyetherimide investigated by direct pyrolysis mass spectrometry; S.Carroccio,
C.Puglisi, G.Montaudo
Macromol.Chem.Phys. 200, 2345.
Thermal Decomposition Processes in Aromatic Polycarbonates Investigated by Mass Spectrometry; Puglisi, L.Sturiale,
G.Montaudo
242
Copolymer Composition: a Key to the Mechanisms of Exchange in Reactive Polymer Blending; G.Montaudo,
C.Puglisi, F.Samperi
S.Fakirov(Ed)WILEY-VCH Chapter 4, 159.
Recent Advances in Mass Spectrometry of Polymers”;E. Scamporrino, D. Vitalini;
in Modern Techniques for Polymer Characterisation, Edited by R.A. Pethrick
and J.V. Dawkins, Chapter 8, p. 233, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 1999
Effect of Combined Changes of Delayed Extraction Time and Potential Gradient on the Mass Resolution and Ion
Discrimination in DE-MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Polydisperse Polymers and Polymer Blends”; D.
Vitalini, P. Mineo, E. Scamporrino;
Rapid Communication in Mass Spectrometry, 13, 2511.
Synthesis and Characterization of Some Copolyformals Containing, in the Main Chain, Different Amounts of Fullerene
Units; E. Scamporrino, D. Vitalini, P. Mineo.
Synthesis and Characterization of Some Main Chain Porphyrin Copolyformals, Based on Bisphenol-A and Long Linear
Aliphatic Units, Having a Low Glass Transition Temperature”;
D. Vitalini, P. Mineo, E. Scamporrino;
Characterization by mass spectrometry of poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate)s produced by Rhodospirillum rubrum from 3hydroxyacids; A. Ballistreri, M. Giuffrida, G. Impallomeni, R.W. Lenz, R.C. Fuller
Inter. J. Biolog. Macromolecules, 26, p. 201
2000
Synthesis and enzymatic degradation of aliphatic copolyesters; G.Montaudo, P.Rizzarelli
Polymer Degradation and Stability, 70, 305.
Preparation of Functionalized Copolymers by Thermal Processes: Porphyrination and Fullerenation of a Commercial
Polycarbonate; D. Vitalini, P. Mineo, V. Iudicelli, E. Scamporrino, G Troina;
2001
Thermal Oxidation Products of Nylon 6 Determined by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry; Donatella Chionna,
Concetto Puglisi, Filippo Samperi, Giorgio Montaudo, Antonio Turturro
Macromol.Rapid.Commun. 22, 524.
Mass Spectrometry of Polymers;
G.Montaudo, R.P.Lattimer (EDS) CRC Press
Polymer Characterization Methods; Giorgio Montaudo and M.S.Montaudo
G.Montaudo, R.P.Lattimer (EDS) CRC Press Chapter 2, 41.
Direct Pyrolysis of Polymers into the Ion Source of a Mass Spectrometer (DP-MS); Giorgio Montaudo and Concetto
Puglisi
G.Montaudo, R.P.Lattimer (EDS) CRC Press, Chapter 5, 181.
Fast Atom Bombardment of Polymers; Giorgio Montaudo and Filippo Samperi
Matrix-Assisted Laser Deserption Ionization Mass Spectrometry of Polymers (MALDI-MS); G.Montaudo,
M.S.Montaudo, and F.Samperi
243
Biosynthesis and structural characterization of medium-chain-length poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate)s produced by
Pseudomonas aeruginosa from fatty acids; A. Ballistreri, M. Giuffrida, S.P.P. Guglielmino, S. Carnazza, A. Ferreri, G.
Impallomeni.
Int. J. Biolog. Macromolecules, 29, 107
Appendix 3
Name of the Unit:
Research Director:
years included
Name of Journal
Laboratory for the polymer materials recycling
Giorgio Montaudo
1997-2001
Number
Articles
Macromolecules
10
Rapid
Commun.Mass 5
Spectrom
Macromol.Rapid Commun
2
Analytica Chimica Acta
1
J.Polymer Science, Polym. 1
Chem.
Macromol.Chem.Phys
1
2
Polym. Degr.&Stability
Int. J.Polymer Analysis & 1
Charact
Inter.
J.
Biolog. 2
Macromolecules
of Journal
Factor
3.738
2.478
Impact Field(s)
Ranking
Polymer chemistry
Chemistry,Analytical
3/73
9/68
2.372
2.073
1.975
Polymer chemistry
Chemistry,Analytical
Polymer chemistry
5/73
13/68
6/73
1.629
0.905
0.490
Polymer chemistry
Polymer chemistry
Polymer chemistry
10/73
22/73
45/73
1.978
Biochemistry & Molecular 147/308
Biology
Comments on:
a) the method: The data are according to ISI Journal Citation Reports 2001 Edition
b) the results: The Unit publications appear in the major journals regarding the polymeric materials which have higher
impact factor and ranking values.
244
CATANIA 4
Analytical Chemistry Group
Research Leader
Giuseppe Arena
University:
Universita’ degli Studi di Catania
Contact Person
Please specify:
Name: Giuseppe Arena
Mailing Address: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche,
Universita’ degli Studi di Catania Viale Andrea Doria 6,
95125, Catania
Phone : 39 095 7385071
Fax : 39 095 580138
Faculty:
Facolta’ di Scienze Matematiche Fisiche e Naturali
Department:
Thematic area
•Tecnologie innovative di monitoraggio
•Tecnologie di depurazione (membrane, sonochimica,
The Unit, that is actually coincident with a research team of the Department of Chemical Sciences of the University of
Catania, is located in an area that is defined by the EU a depressed area;in fact, the once flourishing industrial basin is
steadily declining. The research team was put together in the early nineties when Professor Arena moved to Catania and
took the chair of Analytical Chemistry. The Analytical Chemistry area is a small one compared to other areas such as
Inorganic, Physical, Organic and Industrial Chemistry. The research group does not have any secretariat or
administrative personnel; consequently, the vast majority of administrative matters (e.g. the compilation of the present
forms) is dealt with by the people listed in Section 3.
The University of Catania: The University of Catania (www.unict.it) was founded in 1444 as a Studium Generale,
Catania. It is today the 9th University in Italy, as far as student population is concerned. The University serves mainly
five districts (Catania, Enna, Caltanissetta, Siracusa and Ragusa). The high percentage of students coming from districts
other than Catania’s prompted the opening of new Laurea and Diploma courses in towns located in the vicinity of
Catania (Siracusa, Ragusa, Enna, Caltagirone, Giarre).
The University of Catania is the 2nd University in Italy that filed a report for the Quality Audit Programme of the
Conference of European Rectors. The University of Catania was also one of the first Universities that joined INCA.
The University of Catania is also well connected with other Italian Universities; in fact, a School of Excellence has
recently been promoted as a part of a national network.
The University has some 29 departments and 3 research centres which are arranged in twelve faculties (namely
Agricultural Sciences, Architecture, Arts and Philosophy, Economics, Engineering, Foreign Languages and Literature,
Law, Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences, Medicine and Surgery, Pedagogical Sciences, Pharmacy, and
Political Sciences).
Students: The total number of the students (Academic Year 2000-2001) is 53030; out of these 5652 are enrolled in
Courses offered by the Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences.
Faculty and Staff members: The University of Catania comprises a total of 1506 faculty and staff members. 316 of
them belong to the Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences.
245
Department: The Department of Chemical Sciences (www.unict.it/dipchi/) is the largest Department of the University
of Catania in terms of both faculty and staff members with a total of 87 Professors and Researchers; the Department has
a total of 27 technicians and administrative personnel. The research activities of the Department cover all the most
important areas of chemistry. The Department is involved in several EU projects, in cooperative projects with national
and international institutions and is strictly linked to the main local industries. The Department supports the research
groups through its technical and administrative services, providing sophisticated equipment and an updated library. A
detailed Activity Report of the Department for the period 2000-2001 may be found in
(http://www.unict.it/psmfn/Department_of_Chemical_Sciences.htm).
The Unit
Organization structure:
The Unit of INCA directed by Professor Giuseppe Arena is actually composed by
2 full professors: Prof. Giuseppe Arena, Prof. Vincenzo Cucinotta
3 associated professors: Prof. Annalinda Contino, Prof. Alberto Torrisi; Prof. Giuseppe Maccarrone
1 researcher: Dr. Giuseppe Spoto
1 Post-doc: Dr. Elisa longo
3 Ph. D student: Mr. Carmelo Sgarlata, Mr. Alessandro Giuffrida, Miss. Marianna Messina
a variable number of undergraduate students.
Teaching load:
The members of the unit teach several courses.
Professor Arena teaches :
1.Analytical Chemistry for the Chemistry (New Course);
2.Analytical Chemistry for the Industrial Chemistry (New Course);
3.Analytical Chemistry for the Chemistry Course (Old Course)
4. Analytical Chemistry for the Material Sciences Course;
5.Thermodynamics of Solution Equilibria (Advanced Course) for the PhD Course.
Professor Cucinotta teaches:
1.Instrumental Analytical Chemistry the Chemistry (New Course)
2.Instrumental Analytical Chemistry for the Industrial Chemistry Course,
3.Analytical Chemistry of Pollutants for the Chemistry Course (Old Course)
4.Analytical Chemistry of Pollutants for the Industrial Chemistry Course (Old Course)
5.Analytical Chemistry of Pollutants for Environmental and Cultural Heritage Chemistry Course (Siracusa).
6.Techniques of Chemical Analysis and Structural Determination for “SISSIS”
7.The Chemical Analysis for “SISSIS”
Professor Maccarrone teaches:
1.Laboratory of Instrumental Analytical Chemistry for the Chemistry (New Course)
2.Laboratory of Instrumental Analytical Chemistry for the Industrial Chemistry (New Course)
Professor Contino teaches:
1.Analytical Chemistry Laboratory for the Chemistry Course (New Course);
2.Analytical Chemistry Laboratory for the Industrial Chemistry Course (Old Course)
Professor Torrisi teaches:
1.Analytical Chemistry for the faculty of Agricultural Sciences
2.Instrumental Analytical Chemistry for the faculty of Agricultural Sciences.
• The average teaching load is 3.6 Courses/person
1
Title
Advanced Chemical Methodologies: Molecular recognition and innovative monitoring technology
2
Research Leader
246
Professor Giuseppe Arena
2a
3
Name and Titles
Year
of
Birth
Rank
Research
Remarks
Input in fte in
2001
Prof. Arena Giuseppe
Prof. Cucinotta Vincenzo
Prof. Contino Annalinda
Prof. Maccarrone Giuseppe
Prof. Torrisi Alberto
Dr. Giuseppe Spoto
Dr. Elisa Longo
Mr. Carmelo Sgarlata
Mrs Marianna Messina
Mr Alessandro Giuffrida
Dr Fabio Gulino
1949
1949
1962
1958
1956
1963
1974
1972
1976
1973
1964
Full Professor
Full Professor
Associate Professor
Associate Professor
Associate Professor
Researcher
Post-Doc
Ph.D Student
Ph.D Student
Ph.D Student
Grantee
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.1
1.0
.
Part time (3 months only)
Part time (1 year only)
Comments
Contino and Maccarrone have become associate professor in 2001 and 1997 respectively; their previous position was
researcher .
Professor Cucinotta and Dr Spoto joined the research group in 1999.
Dr. Elisa Longo has been a Ph.D student in the Academic Years 1998-2000
In the next five years the following major changes are expected:
Miss Messina, Mr Giuffrida and Mr. Sgarlata will finish his Ph.D. Thesis and will be looking for a job.
4
Category
Full Professors
Ricercatori
Post-docs
PhD-students
Borsisti
Total
1997
0.4
1.2
0.9
2
1998
0.4
1.2
0.9
0.6
1999
0.4
1.2
0.9
0.5
0.6
2000
0.3
1.2
0.7
0.5
0.6
2001
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.6
Total
1.8
5.2
3.6
1.2
3.4
4.5
3.1
3.6
3.3
1.7
15.2
Comments
The trend in the size of the Analytical Chemistry Unit of the Depatment of Chemical Sciences of the University of
Catania has not changed significantly from the previous Review, if one takes into account that four components are (or
have been) PhD students and will shortly be leaving and Dr Gulino (grantee) has left already. The ratio between
permanent staff and temporary personnel (post-docs, Ph.D. students, grantees) ftes is fairly stable at the moment; this is
much more so if one takes into account also the work done by undergraduate (Laurea) students.
5
Funding
247
5.1
Personnel (in fte)
Source
University
CNR
European Union
Other Sponsors
Total
5.2
1998
3.1
1999
3.6
2000
3.3
2001
1.7
1.4
Total
15.2
1.4
Source
University - MURST
CNR
EU
Other Sponsors
Total
5.3
1997
4.5
1997
41.7
7.0
1998
12.0
30.0
1999
35.9
8.0
2000
47.5
8.0
48.7
42
43.9
854.0
909.5
2001
180.0
180.0
Total
317.1
53
854.0
1224.1
Comments:
• On the figures
The majority of the staff is paid by the University and is permanent; Ph.D. students are supported by the University. No
component of the permanent staff is paid by INCA.
No administrative personnel works specifically for the group; this forces the academic staff to take care of
administrative matters, since the department does not allow its administrative personnel to take care of research
groups
“Other Sponsors” refers to funding obtained through Act 488/92. These funds come both from projects presented
jointly with other INCA research Units (304 Million Liras) and from projects presented from within the
Department (550 Million Liras). Of these, whilst the latter funds have been entirely obtained and spent already,
roughly one third of the money obtained for materials/personnel has not been received from INCA.
So far all funds have come from State Agencies or from EU, with the exception of the stationary phase that was sent
to Le Commissariat a l’Energie Atomique Française (Please see Section 6.1). In 1995 the Government cut CNR
funding by 20%; in turn CNR did the same, and this was readily reflected in the decrease of funding coming from
CNR.. The Unit is expected to obtain funds from contracts obtained from both the Departments and local
Institutions ( Act 297, PON).
6.
Progress Report
6.1
Progress analysis
- Main results
As planned in the 1998 Review (Please see point 6.2) , the Unit has synthesised, characterised and anchored onto silica
gel a suitable calixcrown. The new stationary phase has been used in ion chromatography, and has proved to be
particularly efficient for the selective separation of Cs+. This new stationary phase has been sold to CEA-Cadarache
(Commissariat a l’Energie Atomique).
Parallelly, ad hoc designed calixcrowns have been embedded into polymeric inclusion membranes, that turned out to be
very efficient for the separation of Sr2+ from nuclear plant acidic “synthetic” waste waters even in the presence of very
large amounts of Na+.
Calixcrowns have also been employed to detect minute amounts of some cations in water. To this end, suitable ligands
have been immobilized onto a gold surface of a quartz crystal sensing element. This device has been tested in a dual
quartz crystal microbalance prototype that has been built in collaboration with the Chemistry Department of the
University of Leicester, UK.
These findings together with similar literature reports show that calixarenes can be exploited for the
removal/monitoring of target species; calixarene based systems are being currently studied/employed in Oak Ridge
National Laboratory.
248
Main changes
As indicated in Table 3, new researchers have joined the group over the last five years. They have brought in
expertises the Unit was lacking. The Unit has thus extended its activity to the study of spatially resolved techniques
for the study of the interaction between environment and materials of interest in art and archaeology. The results
are clearly testified by a book (Co-edited by G. Spoto) and a series of publications. Efforts have also been devoted to
the study of herbicide racemates. These were separated in capillary electrophoresis by dissolving in the BGE
cyclodextrin derivatives, particularly a new class of compounds, that were synthesized in our laboratory and called
“hemispherodextrins” for their characteristic hemispherical shape.
Mission of the Unit
The mission of the Unit, that has remained practically unchanged, is the synthesis, characterization and use of
expert systems to be employed for the separation/monitoring of environmentally relevant species and/or processes.
6.2
The Unit has been desperately trying to start new collaborations with other INCA members/Units. However, a part
from the collaboration with the Parma Unit, that incidentally had already started long before the Units were created and
the Consortium expanded to its actual dimensions, no new collaborations have been actually established. One
exception, in this context, is the collaboration just started with the Cagliari Unit, within the framework of the 488 Act.
However, neither the stationary phase ad hoc synthesised for the Cagliari unit nor the raw extraction data passed to the
same unit have as of now resulted in a scientific paper.
The Unit does hope to be heavily involved in the SISIFO project, especially as far as the inorganic aspects of the
analysis are concerned. This would also allow the ICP-MS and the ion chromatograph to be extensively used for
purposes other than purely scientific ones, in conjunction with other INCA Units. In fact, the Unit has its own contacts
with Industries/Agencies , as indicated in Section 8.
6.3
Key Publications
G. Arena, A. Contino, A. Magri', D. Sciotto, J. D. Lamb, "Selective Transport of Cesium and Strontium Ions Through
Polymer Inclusion Membranes Containing Calixarenes As Carriers" , Supramolecular Chemistry , 10, 1998, 5-15
G. Arena, A. Casnati, A. Contino, G. G. Lombardo, D. Sciotto, R. Ungaro, "Specific Inclusion of The Aliphatic Moiety
or The Aromatic Moiety of Ammonium Cations Ion By Water Soluble Calixarene Receptors: A Combined 1H- NMR
and Calorimetric Investigation", Chemistry an European Journal , 5, 1999, 738.
G. Spoto, A. Torrisi, A. Contino Probing Archaelogical and Artistic Solid Materials by Spatially Resolved Analytical
Techniques Chem. Soc. Rev., 29, 2000, 429
E. Ciliberto e G. Spoto, Eds., Modern Analytical Methods in Art and Archaeology, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New
York, 2000.
A. Casnati, D. Sciotto and G.Arena, Water Soluble Calixarenes in Molecular Recognition. Calixarenes 2001, Z. Asfari,
V. Böhmer, J.M. Harrowfield and J. Vicens (Eds)., Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Chapter 24, p.440 (2001).
7.
Scientific Output
7.1
Publication Policy
The Unit is mainly involved in fundamental research; only recently, attention has been devoted to bench scale
applications. Accordingly, the majority of scientific papers produced are published in fundamental research
Journals. Over the last five years, 43 scientific papers have been published; in addition to these, 10 Master’s theses
and 3 Ph.D. dissertations have been deposited.
These figures show that clients, other than the scientific community, are scarce. As indicated by the reference list, some
of the papers (paper n. 4 1997, paper n. 1 1998, paper n. 3 1998, paper n. 4 2000) testify that some of the work done by
the Unit has or may find immediate practical application. However, the actual situation is sgnificantly changed. In fact,
as indicated in Section 5.3, two projects submitted in conjunction with important local Industries, have passed the first
screen getting a good score and are very likely to be funded.
249
7.2
Numerical data
Category
PhD-Dissertations
1997
2
1998
1999
2000
2001
1
Total
3
10
8
5
12
8
43
Master’s Theses
2
5
1
1
1
10
8
Self-evaluation
The analytical chemistry Unit represents a minority within the Department of Chemistry of the University of Catania
(6/87) and, consequently , has to bear the burden of a heavy teaching load (please see Teaching Load). Some of the
courses are taught in towns other than Catania, which further reduces the time that can be spent for research
activities. This reduces the apparent critical mass of the research unit. The unit often has to rely on work done by
undergraduates (termed Master students, in the present report).
Department facilities (equipment and labs) go from excellent to good. This does not apply to funding directed to people
hiring; unfortunately, according to Italian regulations, very seldom funds can be employed to hire people. This creates
serious problems as concerns the adequacy of staff needed to fulfil the mission. People trained during their Master
thesis period (e.g. Paolo Bruno, who was awarded a national prize for his master thesis), very often quit because they
are hired by other agencies/institutions (C.N.R., Istituto per l’essenze Agrumarie etc.). Perhaps, the centralized handling
of the 488 funding, that represented the main funding source efforts were devoted to in this specific field (Please see
end of Section 8 of 1998 review), together with the stop-and-go procedure adopted by the Ministry to allocate funds
has contributed to accentuate the problems concerning the management of the Unit.
Despite the above problems, the Unit has succeeded in reaching the goals set in the 1998 review. As specified in
Section 6.1 . In line with the 1998 Review suggestions, thanks to fruitful collaboration with the Parma Unit, the Unit
has designed and produced a chromatographic column that has been employed for the separation of Cs+. The Unit has
also obtained results in the separation field that have attracted the attention of researchers active in the MRT field. This
is testified by the invited lectures given over the past five years on this specific subject. The Unit leader has given the
invited lectures listed below:
Invited Speaker “Thermodynamics of Supramolecular Complexes”, Symposium on “New
Materials and Reaction Design”, Saarbrücken, Germany, May 16, 1997.
Invited Speaker “Supramolecular complexes of Water soluble Calix[4]arenes: A Combined
H NMR and Calorimetric Investigation”, Department of Chemistry, University of Nagoya,
Japan, March 3, 1998.
1
Invited Speaker “The use of Supramolecular complexes in Separation Science”, Department
of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Japan, March 4, 1998.
Invited Speaker “Supramolecular complexes of Water soluble Calix[4]arenes: The
Calorimetric Perspective”, Department of Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Kanazawa
University, Japan, March 5, 1998.
Invited Speaker “Forces driving host-guest complexation: A thermodynamic perspective”,
XIth International Symposium on Supramolecular Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka,
Japan, August 3rd, 2000.
Invited Speaker “Host-guest complexation: A thermodynamic perspective”, XXVIIth
International Symposium on Macrocyclic Chemistry, Park City, Utah, U.S.A., June 26th ,
2002.
Invited Speaker “Host–guest interaction: Thermodynamics and Applications” , Chemistry
and Biochemistry Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, U.S.A., June 21st ,
2002
250
Invited Speaker “Molecular Design and Synthesis of Supramolecular Architectures” 2-nd
International Symposium, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Kazan State University, Russia,
August 26th 2002.
The activity carried out in the field of the use and the optimization of spatially resolved methods in the study of the
interaction between environment and materials of interest in art and archaeology has also attracted the attention of the
researchers operating in the field as it is testified by a series of invitations obtained by one of the components of the
Unit:
Invited speaker: G. Spoto “Study of solid artistic and archaeological material by using
spatially resolved analytical techniques”, 5th National Seminal of Analytical Spectroscopy,
Aprile 2001, Gargnano (BS).
Invited speaker:
G. Spoto, The use of some surface analytical techniques in the
study of ceramic and glass materials of relevance to art and archaeology, IV National
School of Chemistry for Cultural Heritage, June, 2002, Altare (SV)
Invited contribution:
Chemistry in Britain, The Royal Society of Chemistry (G. Spoto,
A restorer on trial, Chemistry in Britain, The Royal Society of Chemistry, 37(8), 2001, 2223.)
Accounts of Chemical Research, American Chemical Society (G.
Spoto, Detecting past attempts to restore two important works-of-art, Accounts of Chemical
Research, 35(8), 2002, 652-659.)
Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry, John Wiley
& Sons (G. Spoto, Chemical Methods in Archaeology, Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of
Analytical Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons, submitted)
The Analytical Chemistry group has also extended its research activity to herbicides and soil by using capillary
electrophoresis and ESI mass spectrometry as testified by the papers listed in Section I-2.
However, despite the goals reached on the scientific side, the Unit has still a lot to do as far as the interaction with nonacademic world is concerned. Only recently, some of the Unit components have submitted two projects (Act. 297 and
PON) with well known Industries (Meridionale Impianti, ATS, Elen). These projects, (for a total amount of 500.000
and 15 million €, respectively) have already passed the first screening and, if funded, should significantly involve at
least part of the Unit, provided a mutual agreement between the Department and INCA is duly signed. These projects
should allow a more rationale use of the INCA equipment allocated in the Department.
Appendix I
Scientific Output
I-1
I.1.1 Dissertations
Year
1997
Ph.D. -student
Antonio Magri
1997
Leonardo Mirone
2001
Elisa Longo
Supervisor
Synthesi of calixarene derivatives and their Prof. G. Arena
use as selective carriers in polimeric
inclusion membranes for the separation of
alkaline and alkaline-earth cations.
Use of new calixcrowns in molecular Prof. D. Sciotto
recognition technology for the detection and
the separation of alkaline cations
Synthesis and characterization of macrocyclic
ligands to be employed in separation
Co-Tutor
Prof. D. Sciotto
Prof. G. Arena
251
processes
I.1.2
Master’s Thesis
Supervisor
Co-Tutor
Name
Student
1997
Paolo Bruno*
Thermal
removal
processes
and Prof. G. Arena
Dr. A. Febo
determination of the UV absorption cross
section of the nitrous oxide in relation to its
role in the chemistry of the athmosphere
1997
Carmelo Sgarlata
Prof. G. Arena
Inclusion of natural L-α-aminoacids in water Prof. D. Sciotto
soluble calix[4]arenic receptors
1998
Elisa Longo
Inclusion of methylammonium cations in Prof. G. Arena
Prof. R. Bonomo
water soluble calixresorcinarenes
1998
Sonia Rita Capitanini Inclusion of neutral organic molecules in Prof. G. Arena
Prof. R. Bonomo
calix[4]arenes in non-aqueous solvents in
water
1998
Giuffrida Alessandro α, α’-D-trehalose and β-cyiclodextrin Prof. Cucinotta V.
bonded through β-alanine bridges: a new
example of hemispherodextrin
1998
Corrado
Maria Synthesis, NMR and potentiometric study of Prof. Cucinotta V.
Concetta
new trehalose derivatives
1998
Cultrera Massimiliano Synthesis, NMR characterisation and Prof. Cucinotta V.
antitumoral
activity
of
platinum(II)
complexes with diamine derivative of βcyclodextrin
1999
PietroGemmellaro
Flow isotherm calorimetry: optimization and Prof. G. Arena
Prof. V. Cucinotta
test of a new prototype
2000
Messina Marianna
A new hemispherodextrin: synthesis, Prof. V. Cucinotta
characterisation and its applications in
capillary eelctrophoresis
2001
Costanza Ruggero
Species formed by Hg(II) with a 1,3-alternate Prof. G. Arena
Prof. A. Contino
calix[4]arene derivatized with thioamidic
groups
*This thesis was recognized as one of the best theses in the environment field and awarded a national prize
Year
I-2
1997
1. Arena G., A. Casnati, A. Contino, D. Sciotto, R. Ungaro, "Charge assisted hydrophobic binding of ethanol into the
cavity of calix[4]arene receptors in aqueous solution." , Tetrahedron Letters , 38, 1997, 4685.
2. M. Cantiano, A. Scandurra, A. Licciardello, A. Torrisi, “SNMS Quantification of III-V Compounds Heterostructures”, in
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry SIMS X, A. Benninghoven, H. Werner, editors, Wiley, Chichester, 1997.
3. E. Ciliberto, S. Scuto, G. Spoto, “Osservazioni Preliminari sulla Forma e sulla Composizione Chimica e Strutturale di
Pentole Tripodate nella Poliochni Rossa”, in Poliochni e l’Antica Età del Bronzo nelle’Egeo Settentrionale, Scuola
Archeologica Italiana di Atene, (1997), 134-144.
4. E. Ciliberto, G. Spoto, "Fluorapatite Coatings by Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition", Chemical
Communications, 16, 1997, 1483-1484.
5. R.Rizza, D. Fitzmaurice, S. Hearne, G. Hughes, E.Ciliberto, G. Spoto, "Self-Assembly of Monolayers of Semiconductor
Nanocrystallites", Chemistry of Materiarls, 18, 1997, 2969-2982.
252
6. G. Arena, R. P. Bonomo, A. Contino, F. Gulino, A. Magrì, D. Sciotto “New water soluble calixarenes: 5,11,17,23tetrasulphonated-25,27-bis(hydroxycarbonylmethoxy)-26,28-dihydroxy calix[4]arene. a thermodynamic and spectroscopic
investigation of its proton and copper(II) complexes”, J. Inclusion Phenom., 29, 1997, 3-4.
7. G. Arena, A. Casnati, L. Mirone, D. Sciotto, R. Ungaro, “A New Water-Soluble Calix[4]Arene Ditopic Receptor
Rigidified By Microsolvation:Acid Base And Inclusion Properties”, Tetrahedron Lett., 38, 1997, 1999.
8. V.Cucinotta, G.Grasso, S.Pedotti, E.Rizzarelli, G.Vecchio Three-Dimensional Cyclodextrin: A New Class Of Hosts By
Trehalose Capping Of β-Cyclodextrin., J.Incl.Phenom., 25 (1997) 81.
9. V.Cucinotta, F.D'Alessandro, G.Impellizzeri, G.Maccarrone, E.Rizzarelli, G.Vecchio, L.Carima, R:Corradini, G.Sartor
and R.Marchelli Chiral Recognition By The Copper(Ii) Complex Of 6-Deoxy-6-N-(2-Methylaminopyridine)-βCyclodextrin, Chirality, 9, 341, 1997.
10. V.Cucinotta, D.Grasso, G.Grasso and D.Milardi Calorimetric Evidences For Copper(II)-Regulated Chiral Recognition
Between Decanucleotide 5'd(CTGGATCCAG)2 And Ala-Trp Dipeptides., Nucleosides Nucleotides, 16 (1997) 1847.
1998
1. E. Ciliberto, G. Spoto, M. Matteini" A Scientific Approach for Cultural Heritage Preservation: Case Study of Vandalic
Acts on Important Roman Mosaics", Journal of Chemical Education, 75, 1998, 1302-1306.
2. G. Arena, C. Conato, A. Contino, F. Pulidori, R. Purrello, M. Remelli and G. Tabbì “Cu(II)-L-Glutamine and LAsparagine Binary Complexes. A Thermodynamic and Spectroscopic Study” Annali di Chimica, 88, 1998, 1.
3. Arena G., A. Contino, A. Magri', D. Sciotto, J. D. Lamb, "Selective Transport of Cesium and Strontium Ions Through
Polymer Inclusion Membranes Containing Calixarenes As Carriers" , Supramolecular Chemistry , 10, 1998, 5-15 .
4. R.Bonomo, V.Cucinotta, G.Grasso, G.Maccarrone and L.Mastruzzo Stereoselectivity in the interactions between an
oligo-deoxynucleotide and dipeptides in the presence of the copper(II) ion.. J. Inorg. Biochem., 70, 1 1998.
5. From Capped To Three-Dimensional Cyclodextrins: The First Example Of A New Class Of Receptors By Trehalose
Capping Of β-Cyclodextrin. V.Cucinotta, G.Grasso, G.Vecchio, J.Incl.Phenomena. 31 (1998) 43.
6. Three-dimensional cyclodextrins. Diaminotrehalose capped β-cyclodextrin: a thermodinamic and spectroscopic study,
V.Cucinotta, G.Grasso, G.Maccarrone, A.Mazzaglia, G.Vecchio, Proceedings of the "Xth International Symposium on
Molecular Recognition and Inclusion" Warsaw (Polonia) 20-25 Giugno 1998 p-1.
7. Three Dimensional Cyclodextrins: A New Class Of Receptors, V.Cucinotta, G.Grasso, G.Maccarrone, A.Mazzaglia,
G.Vecchio, Proceedings of the "1st International Conference on Supramolecular Science & Technology", Zakopane 27-3
ottobre 1998, p. 78
8. Hemispherodextrins: A New Class Of Hosts By Trehalose Capping Of Cyclodextrins, V.Cucinotta, G.Grasso,
G.Maccarrone, A.Mazzaglia, G.Vecchio, Proceedings of the "First COST D11 Workshop on Supramolecular Chemistry"
Perugia 1-4 Ottobre 1998, p-37.
1999
1. Arena G., A. Casnati, A. Contino, G. G. Lombardo, D. Sciotto, R. Ungaro, "Specific Inclusion of The Aliphatic Moiety
or The Aromatic Moiety of Ammonium Cations Ion By Water Soluble Calixarene Receptors: A Combined 1H- NMR and
Calorimetric Investigation", Chemistry an European Journal , 5, 1999, 738.
2. Arena G., A. Contino, F.G. Gulino, A. Magri', F. Sansone, D. Sciotto, R. Ungaro, "Complexation of Native L-αAminoacids By Water Soluble Calixarenes" , Tetrahedron Letters , 40 , 1999, 1597-1600.
3. Giuseppe Arena, Annalinda Contino, Takako Fujimoto, Domenico Sciotto and Yasuhiro Aoyama. “1H NMR and
calorimetric studies of the inclusion of trimethyl-ammonium cations into water soluble calixresorcinarenes” Supramolecular
Chem., 11, 1999, 279.
4 V.Cucinotta, G.Grasso, G.Maccarrone, A.Mazzaglia, G.Vecchio. Inclusion Properties, Metal Ion Coordination Ability
And Analytical Applications Of Trehalose Capped Cyclodextrins. Proceedings of the Ninth International on Cyclodextrins,
501, 1999. Kluwer Academic Publishers.
5. M.Saviano, R.Iacovino, E.Benedetti, V.Cucinotta, G.Grasso and D.ScioCrystal Structure Of 6,6’-Ditosyl-α,α’-Trehalose
– Methanol – Water (1/2/2), C52H68O30S4 2CH3OH 2H2O. tto, Z.Kristallogr. NCS, 214 (1999) 297.
2000
253
1. Arena G., A. Casnati, A. Contino, F.G. Gulino, D. Sciotto, R. Ungaro, "Entropic origin of the sulfonate groups
electrostatic assistance in the complexation of quaternary ammoniun cations by water soluble calix[4]arenes." , J. Chem.
Soc., Perk. Trans. II , 3, 2000, 419-423 ,.
2. Chiara Conato, Annalinda Contino, Giuseppe Maccarrone, Antonio Magrì, Maurizio Remelli and Giovanni Tabbì,
“.Copper (II) complexes with L-lysine and L-ornithine: is the side-chain involved in the coordination? A thermodynamic
and spectroscopic study”, Thermochim. Acta, 362, 2000, 13.
3. Probing Archaelogical and Artistic Solid Materials by Spatially Resolved Analytical Techniques Giuseppe Spoto, Alberto
Torrisi and Annalinda Contino Chem. Soc. Rev., 29, 2000, 429.
4. Giuseppe Arena, Annalinda Contino, Antonio Magrì, Domenico Sciotto, Giuseppe Spoto, Alberto Torrisi “Strategies
Based On Calixcrowns For The Detection And Removal Of Cesium Ions From Alkali Containing Solutions” Ind. Eng.
Chem. Res., 39, 2000, 3605.
5. Giuseppe Arena, Annalinda Contino, Fabio Giuseppe Gulino, Antonio Magrì, Domenico Sciotto, Rocco Ungano
“Complexation of Small Neutral Organic Molecules By Water Soluble Calix[4]Arenes” Tetrahedron Lett., 41, 2000, 9327.
6. G. Spoto , E. Ciliberto, G.C. Allen, C.M. Younes, P. Piccardo, M.R. Pinasco, E. Stagno, M.G. Ienco, R. Maggi,
“Chemical and Structural Properties of Ancient Metallic Artefacts: A Multitechnical Approach for the Study of Early
Bronzes”, British Corrosion Journal, 35(1), 2000, 43-47.
7. F. Iacona, G. Casella, F. La Via, S. Lombardo, V. Raineri, G. Spoto, “Structural Properties of Fluorinated SiO2 Thin
Films”, Microelectronic Engineering, 50 (1-4), 2000, 67-74.
8. G. Spoto, P. Rizzarelli, A. Torrisi, “Fluorinated Phosphoric Ester-based Protective Material for Limestone-made Ancient
Monuments, Buildings and Artifacts: an X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study”, Applied Spectroscopy, December,
54(12), 2000, 172-179.
9. Giuseppe Spoto, “Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry in Art and Archaeology”, Thermochimica Acta, December, 365(12), 2000, 157-166
10. E. Ciliberto e G. Spoto, Eds., Modern Analytical Methods in Art and Archaeology, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New
York, 2000.
11. E. Ciliberto, G. Spoto, in “Donatello restaurato : i marmi del pulpito di Prato”, Anna Maria Giusti, Ed. Artout :
Maschietto & Musolino, Pistoia, 2000, pp. 79-86.
12. R. Lauceri, S. Gurrieri, E. Bellacchio, A. Contino, L. Monsù Scolaro, A. Romeo, A. Toscano, R. Purrello, J-Type
Aggregates of the Anionic Meso-Tetrakis(4-Sulfonatophenyl)Porphine Induced by ''hindered'' Cationic Porphyrins,
Supramolecular Chem., 12, 193 (2000).
2001
1.1. G. Spoto, A restorer on trial, Chemistry in Britain, 37, 22 (2001).
2. G. Arena, A. Contino, E. Longo, D. Sciotto, G. Spoto, Selective Complexation of Soft Pb2+ and Hg2+ by a Novel Allyl
Functionalized Thioamide Calix[4]arene in 1,3-Alternate Conformation: a UV-Visible and 1H NMR Spectroscopic
Investigation, J. Chem. Soc. Perkin 2, 2287 (2001).
3. G. Arena, A. Contino, A. Magrì, D. Sciotto, A. Arduini, A. Pochini, A. Secchi, Energetics of the Inclusion of Organic
Molecules by Rigidified Cone Calix[4]arenes in Carbon Tetrachloride, Supramolecular Chem., 13, 379 (2001).
4. A. Casnati, D. Sciotto and G.Arena, Water Soluble Calixarenes in Molecular Recognition. Calixarenes 2001, Z.
Asfari, V. Böhmer, J.M. Harrowfield and J. Vicens (Eds)., Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Chapter 24,
p.440 (2001).
254
5. F. Iacona, G. Ceriola, G. Spoto, “Infrared Spectroscopy Study of the Thermal Stability of Fluorinated SiO2 Thin
Films”, Journal of Electrochemical Society, The Electrochemical Society, Pennington, (USA), Aprile, 148(4), F47-F50
(2001).
6. V. Cucinotta, A.Giuffrida, G.Grasso, G.Maccarrone, A.Mazzaglia, G.Vecchio New Cyclodextrin Derivatives As Chiral
Selectors In Capillary Electrophoresis, , Fresenius .J.Anal.Chem., 370 (2001) 363.
7. Vincenzo Cucinotta, Alessandro Giuffrida, Giulia Grasso, Giuseppe Maccarrone, Graziella Vecchio
Hemispherodextrins, A New Class Of Cyclodextrin Derivatives, In Capillary Electrophoresis, , J.Chromatogr. A, 916
(2001) 61.
8. R.P.Bonomo, V.Cucinotta, G.Maccarrone, E.Rizzarelli, G.Vecchio Thermodynamic stereoselectivity assisted by weak
interactions in metal complexes. Chiral recognition of L/D-aminoacids by the copper(II) complex of 6-deoxy-6-[4-(2aminoethyl)imidazolyl]-cyclomaltoheptaose, , J.Chem.Soc., Dalton Trans., 2001, 1366
Appendix 2
Name of Journal
Articles
factor
Chemical Society Reviews
1
9.137
Chemistry
Chemistry
an
European 1
4.614
Chemistry
Journal
Chem. Comm.
1
3.902
Chemistry
Chemistry of Materials
1
3.690
Chemistry, Physical
J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans 1
2.820
Chemistry, Inorganic and
Nuclear
Journal of Chromatography 1
2.793
A
Tetrahedron Letters
4
2.280
Chemistry, Organic
J. Electrochem Soc.
1
2.033
Electrochemistry
J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans 2 2
1.837
Chemistry, Organic
Applied Spectroscopy
1
1.752
Spectroscopy
J. Inorg. Biochem.
1
1.729
Nuclear
Fresenius
Journal
of 1
1.649
Analytical science
Chirality
1
1.554
Supramolecuar Chemistry
3
1.543
Chemistry
Industrial and Engineering 1
1.351
Engineering Chemical
Chemical Research
J. Inclusion Phenom.
3
1.150
Chemistry
Termochim. Acta
2
1.010
Microelectronic Engineering 1
0.705
Engineering Electrical &
Electronic
Journal
of
Chemical 1
0.596
Chemistry
Education
Chemistry in Britain
1
0.586
Chemistry
Nucleosides and nucleotides 1
0.508
Biochemistry & Mol. Bio.
Annali di Chimica
1
0.394
Zeitschrift
Fur 1
0.283
Cristallography
Kristallographie-New Crystal
Structures
British Corrosion Journal
1
0.211
Metallurgy
Appendix 3
Ranking
3/118
7/118
11/118
12/93
10/42
6/68
13/51
3/15
20/51
14/40
16/42
22/68
25/68
30/118
13/123
36/118
39/68
81/200
70/118
71/118
281/308
60/68
18/19
41/67
255
Name of the Unit:
Catania
Research Director:
Years included
Name of Journal
Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemical Science, University of
Professor Giuseppe Arena
1997-2001
Articles
factor
Chemical Society Reviews
1
9.137
Chemistry
Chemistry
an
European 1
4.614
Chemistry
Journal
Chem. Comm.
1
3.902
Chemistry
Chemistry of Materials
1
3.690
Chemistry, Physical
J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans 1
2.820
Nuclear
Journal of Chromatography 1
2.793
A
Tetrahedron Letters
4
2.280
Chemistry, Organic
J. Electrochem Soc.
1
2.033
Electrochemistry
J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans 2 2
1.837
Chemistry, Organic
Applied Spectroscopy
1
1.752
Spectroscopy
J. Inorg. Biochem.
1
1.729
Nuclear
Fresenius
Journal
of 1
1.649
Analytical science
Chirality
1
1.554
Supramolecuar Chemistry
3
1.543
Chemistry
Industrial and Engineering 1
1.351
Engineering Chemical
Chemical Research
J. Inclusion Phenom.
3
1.150
Chemistry
Termochim. Acta
2
1.010
Microelectronic Engineering 1
0.705
Engineering Electrical &
Electronic
Journal
of
Chemical 1
0.596
Chemistry
Education
Chemistry in Britain
1
0.586
Chemistry
Nucleosides and nucleotides 1
0.508
Biochemistry & Mol. Bio.
Annali di Chimica
1
0.394
Zeitschrift
Fur 1
0.283
Cristallography
Kristallographie-New Crystal
Structures
British Corrosion Journal
1
0.211
Metallurgy
Ranking
3/118
7/118
11/118
12/93
10/42
6/68
13/51
3/15
20/51
14/40
16/42
22/68
25/68
30/118
13/123
36/118
39/68
81/200
70/118
71/118
281/308
60/68
18/19
41/67
256
CATANIA 5
Processi e trasformazioni ambientali
Environmental Processes and Transformations
University:
Università degli studi di Catania
Faculty:
Scienze
Sciences
Department:
Scienze Chimiche
Chemical Sciences
Thematic area
Research Leader
Prof. Vito Librando
Contact Person
Prof. Vito Librando
Viale A. Doria, 6
95126 Catania
095 7385201
095 330424
[email protected]
•Tecnologie innovative di monitoraggio
The University of Catania is the 9th University in Italy, as far as student population is concerned. The total number of
the students (Academic Year 2000-2001) is 53030; outs of these 5652 are enrolled in Courses offered by the Faculty of
Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences. The University serves mainly five provinces (Catania, Enna,
induced the opening of courses in other cities in the nearby (Siracusa, Ragusa, Enna, Caltagirone).
The University of Catania is the 2nd University of Italy to have filed a report for the Quality Audit Programme of the
Conference of European Rectors. The University of Catania was also one of the first Universities to participate to the
INCA consortium.
The total teaching staff of the University is composed of 1506 members. 316 are members of the Faculty of Sciences.
The Department of Chemical Sciences is the largest Department of the University of Catania in terms of staff, with 86
professors and researchers and 37 technicians and administratives.
The research activities of the Department cover all the most important chemical areas (environmental, organic,
inorganic, analytic, industrial, physical and biological). The Department is involved in several EU projects, in
cooperative projects with national and international institutions and is strictly linked to the main local industries.
The Department supports the research groups through its technical and administrative services, providing sophisticated
equipment and a well-furnished library.
The Unit
The unit is the only Southern unit that include «Environmental Chemistry» as teaching course serving different student
of the Faculty. In this way the group is involved hardly also in teaching other than carry out research in «Environmental
Chemistry». The research team, at the moment, is constitute by four researchers: Prof. Vito Librando, Prof. Gaetano
Tomaselli, Prof. Giuseppe Scarlata, Prof. Stefania Stefani, Prof. Guido Romano, Prof. Francesco Castelli and Dott.
Giancarlo Perrini. The unit is well equipped and in June 2002 moved in a larger lab where find place hall scientific
257
instrument (Several PC, Capillary GC Perkin - Elmer 800 provided with three different detectors ( FID, ECD, NPD),
GC - MS Fison MD 800, HPLC Perkin - Elmer series 200, UV detector for HPLC Perkin – Elmer, Fluorescence
detector with programmable wavelength for HPLC Perkin – Elmer).
The research topics concern exclusively environmental chemistry and particularly the Biogenic and athropogenic
pollutants that interests atmosphere and waters. Our more recent topics are the reactivity of DMS and terpenes in OH
initiated reactions, the degradation of PAH and N-PAH by ozone, the PAH extraction procedure by SFE from soil and
the use of passive biological samplers (leaves of plants) to measure air pollution.
The components of our group have the following teaching load:
Prof. V. Librando: Environmental Chemistry, near the followings: Biological Sciences degree, Industrial Chemistry
degree, Environmental Chemistry Diploma (Siracuse site), Environmental Economics degree; Fundamentals of
Evironmental Impact Assessment Natural Sciences degree; Atmospheric Chemistry near the Master in Environmental
Impact Assessment held at the Superior School of Catania (Excellence School).
Prof. Gaetano Tomaselli, Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Degree,
Prof. Giuseppe Scarlata: Dyes Chemistry, Industrial Chemistry Degrees;
Prof. Francesco Castelli, Applied Farmaceutical Chemistry, Chemical and Farmaceutical Technologies Degree;
Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Degree.
Prof. Stefania Stefani, Environmental Microbiology, Biological Sciences Degree.
Prof. Guido Romano: Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry followed by students from Medical School;
Dott. Giancarlo Perrini: Laboratory of Chemistry for Biological sciences students and Environmental Chemistry,
Natural Sciences degree.
In the laboratory are at this moment present four graduate students (one Industrial Chemistry and tree Biological
Sciences) that work on their theses on themes concerning environmental organic chemistry.
At the moment there are not PhD-students. It is due to the fact that the unit leader holds his institutional course in the
Biological Sciences Degree where there isn't a PhD-course in Environmental Chemistry; as opposed to Chemistry
Department degree courses where there is a PhD in Chemistry but aren't Environmental Chemistry curricula..
1
Title Environmental Processes and Transformations
2
Research Leader Prof. Vito Librando
2a
3
Names and Titles
Vito Librando, Dr
Year
Birth
1946
Giuseppe Scarlata, Dr.
Castelli Francesco
Guido Romano, Dr.
1936
1954
1948
Corsato A. Dr.
1944
Giancarlo Perrini, Dr.
1953
Sarpietro M. Grazia Dr.
Tomasello Massimo Dr.
Tringali Giuseppe Dr.
1966
1971
1974
Manigrassi Damiano Dr.
1974
Pozzoli Luca Dr.
1978
Total
Comments
of Rank
Associated
Professor
Full Professor
Full Professor
Associated
Professor
Associated
Professor
Senior
Researcher
Borsista
Borsista
Prestazione
d’opera INCA
Prestazione
d’opera INCA
Prestazione
d’opera CNR
Research Input in fte Remarks
in “2001
0.5
0.2
0.5
0.2
Starting 1999
0.0
Until 2000
0.8
0.3
0.3
0.5
0.2
0.1
4
258
At the first January 2001 the unit grown respect to 1997 increasing the fte from 3.7 to 4.0.
Starting from 1999 Prof. Francesco Castelli, Full Professor of Farmaceutical Chemistry, joined the group.
Starting from 2002 Prof. Gaetano Tomaselli, Full Professor of Organic Chemistry joined the group with the aim of
strengthen the ability of the unit to work also on the thematic area of his expertise (synthesis environmental friendly).
The participation to the unit had a first result documented by a paper submitted to Env. Sci. & Technology.
Starting from 2002 Prof. Stefania Stefani, Full Professor of Environmental Microbiology joined the group with the aim
of strengthen the ability of the unit to work on soil bio-remediation topic.
At the moment it isn't possible to plan a researcher assumption, since Chemistry Department policy is to support
scientific-disciplinary areas with a greater number of voting people, and Environmental chemistry is not among those
areas. For that reason we continue in the immediate future (2-3 years) to recruit researchers whit annual turnover and
contract paid with team fund.
4
Category
Full Professors
Ricercatori
Post-docs
PhD-students
Borsisti
Total
1997
0.5
1
0.9
0
0
1
3.4
1998
0.4
1
0.9
0
0
1
3.3
1999
.5
1
0.9
0
0
1.2
3.6
2000
.5
1
0.8
0
0
1.4
3.7
2001
.5
1.0
0.8
0
0
1.4
3.7
Total
2.9
2.5
4.3
0
0
6
15.7
Comments
Comparing the Professor Academic Staff input of the year 2001 to the one of 1997 it is clear that aren't been major
changes despite we observe a greater input from full professors rather than associated professors. The reasons are
explained on the comments to point 3. The researcher contribution is diminished because of a greater teaching load.
The number of people joined the unit is grown anyway. The greater contribution is supplied by grantees, who, as said
before, are financed by the staff funds. Comparing the totals it is clear how the Academic Staff input is constantly
grown up in the years 1993-2001, from 0.4 (1993) to 4.0 (2001) instead the total input of the years 93-97 grew from 8.5
(93-97) to 19.3 (97-01).
Last note: The mean input/year of the Academic Staff was 3.86 fte during 1997-2001 period.
5
Funding
5.1
Personnel (in fte)
Source
University
CNR
European Union
Other Sponsors
Total
5.2
1997
2.4
0
0
0
3.7
1998
2.3
0
0
0
3.1
1999
2.4
0
0
1.2
4.3
2000
2.3
0
0
1.4
4.2
2001
2.3
0.1
0
1.3
4
Total
10.7
0.1
0
3.9
19.3
1999
19,0
4
0
10
33
2000
81,5
5
0
0
91
2001
102,7
50
0
5
164
Total
252
79
1,5
70
398
Source
University - MURST
CNR
EU
Other Sponsors
Total
1997
19,5
15
1,5
35
71
1998
14,0
5
0
20
39
5.3
Comments:
The annual trend of the Total Personnel increase slowly due the strong contribute of non permanent staff. The reduction
of the permanent staff is physiological and we foresee in the next future an inversion of trend due the aggregation of
other colleagues that want co-operate with our unit.
The annual trend of material and equipment expenses need no comments.
259
The strategy of our unit has been to relay the funding mostly participating to local (University, Sicily Region), national
(MIUR, CNR) and European (EU) competition. In this respect the applications were successfully supported by the
grants given regularly by University, MIUR and CNR during the period considered. Particularly relevant were the
funding obtained in 2001 by CNR under the scheme AGENZIA 2000 which were not available in the previous time.
The success in obtaining funding from CNR testifies the good quality of the applied research of the Unit carried out
within an effective national collaboration. Further the Unit was one of only five Units selected for financial support
under AGENZIA 2000 CNR call. The EU support has been looked for and obtained in the framework of an INTAS
call.
Further funds come from the Project Terrestrial Environment Cluster, directed by Prof. P. Tundo within the 488 law.
In the future, besides the effort to enhance the support from grant Agencies, the unit believe that the co-operation with
local firms and Authorities should guarantee increasing funding for researches linked to the Unit mission. The grants
will be used to cover personal expenses on the basis of mean term contracts.
The most part of the funds is and will be used for the formation grants, consumer and durable materials. Among these
funds the research contracts costs counterbalances the lack of steady personnel in the staff. It is and it will be necessary
to support maintenance and repair costs of the staff equipment, which are not far from obsolescence.
Further the unit is examining the possibility to establish a Consortium between INCA and local Authorities of the
highly polluted area of Siracuse Province, to study remediation techniques of contaminated soils. In this case the grants
will be used to acquire an Extractor in Supercritical Phase.
Regione Sicilia, Programma Operativo Plurifondo cofinanced by EU, Monitoring of Chemical Pollution of Superficial
Waters in Highly Polluted Area.
INCA, Piano Ricerca Interesse Nazionale, Progetto Chimica dell’atmosfera urbana, Coordinator Prof. S. Coluccia,
Director of the Unit Torino 5, INCA.
6.
Progress Report
6.1
Mission Statement
Taking account of the previous assessment results, formulated by the International Review Committee, the Unit has reexamined its research focus, based principally on analytical aspects of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds (PACs),
decreasing the attention given to PACs and extending the interest to others environmental topics with respect to the
thematic area of the INCA. The research focus of our group is within environmental chemistry and during the last five
years concerned the followings four themes:
a) Advanced monitoring techniques of environmental pollutants; b)Degradation studies Biogenic and of Anthropogenic
pollutants; c)Mechanism of transport of micropollutants in biological system models; d)Reactivity of environmentally
interesting compounds toward dipoles. Part of the theme (b) is going to finish, the theme (c) is a new theme active from
1999 and topic (d) is not more active from 2000 due the increasing “environmental” interest of the other topics. From
last year the unit is also involved in an innovative research topic: e) Biochemical and Chemical Remediation.
At the moment, continuing the focusing on the most impressive topics that have relevance for the science but firstly for
society, we are addressing our interest towards the only following three: Degradation studies and impact of
environmentally important chemicals, Mechanism of transport of micropollutants in biological system models,
Biochemical and Chemical remediation. However in the 6.2 point we describe all researches program.
Our interests concern both aspects of Pure and Applied research. The firsts themes are finalised to optimise the methods
used in the environmental control and remediation. Particularly degradation studies are also finalised to knowledge of
atmospheric reactivity and, consequently, to climate change, but also to treatment wastewater’s and soil remediation.
The methods that use passive samplers, systems of great interest, have an immediate applicability and made possible the
routine control of the air quality in industrial, urban and rural area. The local Authorities and Industrial Firms could be
strongly interested to our researches which results can help to solve the problems ranging from pollution to
environmental impact of industrial emissions. We are also involved on the formation of young graduate in the above
Sciences with a strong basis in Environmental Chemistry and young post-graduate people in Environmental Chemistry
topics.
All the above research topic are within the following thematic INCA area: Chimica degli ecosistemi; tecnologie
innovative di monitoraggio; tecnologie di depurazione.
6.2
Theme a. Advanced monitoring techniques of environmental pollutants
a1) Environmental chemometrics. This theme, following the previous assessment results, has been cut on 1998 due the
fact that statistical methods, which are put forward as a sub-programme, were seen by the Committee more as research
260
tools than as a major area of innovative research. However the last research results has been published (see paper 5, 6
and 19).
a2) Biological passive samplers
A short summary of the design of the programme
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are a major group of environmental pollutants, carcinogens and mutagens,
they are the products of incomplete combustion of organic substances and are released from both natural and
anthropogenic sources such as motor vehicles, power plants, industrial sites, incinerators and others. During
combustion PAH are at first emitted as gases, heavier PAH (with more than three rings) are rapidly attached to existing
particles, usually soot particles, by adsorption or condensation. The more volatile PAH will exist in the gas phase. PAH
are mostly sorbed on small inhalable particles which can be deposited in the respiratory tract causing potential risks on
human health. For this reason, monitoring the PAHs atmospheric concentration has become a problem of great
relevance.
The aim of the research work is to develop an atmospheric analytic method through biological passive samplers as
opposed to time-wasting particulate matter sampling.
Biological passive samplers are vegetable organisms (leaves and fruits of plants) whose surface accumulates
atmospheric or aquatic organic pollutants.
At this moment the compounds of interest are PACs but we are extending the research to other environmental important
molecules. Superior plants produce lipids which are distributed on the surface of leaves, providing a protective
function. When they come into contact with organic substances they establish an equilibrium between the adsorbed
compounds and those in vapour phase. PAHs present in vapour phase are dissolved by lipids making it possible to
evaluate the quantity present in the atmosphere on the basis of concentrations found in the lipophile surface layer. The
adsorption level of pollutants under examination on various types of leaves can vary considerably due to the difference
in the lipid content and the surface available for the accumulation.
Samplings take place in different seasons and in different sites of the urban area of Catania, by collecting three different
plant species in each site in order to evaluate atmospheric PAHs spatial distribution. On the other hand, chosen a site it
is possible to sample many different species, since there are quali-quantitative differences between PAHs accumulated
by different species. Only evergreen plants with long life leaves are sampled, in the same time particulate matter is
sampled too through a high volume electric pump. Samples are solvent extracted and purified by SPE cartridges before
GC/MS analysis. 15 PAHs (Mw 152 to 278) concentration are measured and each PAH is identified through its mass
spectra and retention time; then PAHs leaves concentrations are correlated to particulate matter's. Among sampled
plants, Olea europaea and Quercus ilex show high values of linear correlation coefficient in all the seasons and their
profiles are similar to particulate matter's, it is so possible to extrapolate atmospheric PAHs concentration values by
measuring those found on the leaves. Washing the leaves with distilled water has no influence on PAHs leaves content
since these pollutants are strongly adsorbed on the leaves waxy layer and are not simply deposited on their surface.
This method reduces the problems which influence the usual methods ofsampling: it is independent from
meteorological factors, is not influenced by accidental peaks of pollution and doesn't requires particular sampling
devices that are subject to errors caused by PAHs degradation during sampling.
A substantive overview of the most impressive results over the past five years
In order to find the best passive samplers among the widespread evergreen plants of the urban area of Catania, a one
year screening was made among eleven different plant species. The results were impressive, since it was possible to
discard some plant such as pines whose particulate matter correlation was bad in all the seasons and to focus on other
plants such as Olea europea (olive tree) and Quercus ilex (holm-oak) whose R2 (referred to particulate matter) were
greater than 8,5 all the year through. A brand new purification method based on SPE has been developed in order to
make the whole process faster and more reproducible than previous silica gel column purification.
A short overview of the programme development in the future
New samplings has been scheduled both in urban and rural areas of oriental Sicily in order to strengthen the previous
results. Other plant species will be investigated to find suitable passive samplers. Results has been presented also at
some symposium.
Theme b.
B1) Degradation studies of Biogenic compounds
research methods and anticipated results)
The research activity was based on the study of two important kinds of biogenic compounds of environmental interest:
monoterpenes, by taking into consideration the atmospheric behaviour of α - pinene, β-pinene, limonene, sabinene and
3-carene; compounds containing sulphur such as dimethylsulphide(DMS).
Monoterpenes represent about 11% (500 ± 825 Tg/y) of the total amount of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) of
biogenic origin emitted to the atmosphere and they are highly reactive with oxidising species in troposphere, like OH
radical and nitrate radical, NO3.
Among compounds containing sulphur of biogenic origin, DMS has an important role as a determining factor of a
feedback loop regarding phytoplankton, atmospheric sulphur, the Clouds Condensation Nuclei (CCN) and clouds
261
albedo. DMS, in fact, constitutes the greatest natural source of atmospheric sulphur and represents about 40% of the
total of compounds containing sulphur emitted to the atmosphere.
The emission of DMS from biogenic sources plays an important role in the atmospheric chemistry and physics, since
the tropospheric degradation of these species contributes to the total amount of acids and to aerosols formation and
growth.
The oxidation processes involving monoterpenes are expected to have a great importance, both considering formation
and release in the atmosphere of CO and acetone, and formation of tropospheric ozone and OH radicals.
As a consequence, the investigation of the reaction products obtained both in gas phase and in liquid/aerosol phase
from their photo-oxidation could help us to evaluate the contribution to atmospheric levels of acetone and acids and to
estimate the total amount of sulphur species available for the formation of aerosol sulphates.
The degradation processes of the two kind of chemical compounds were performed into an atmospheric reactor (Smog
chamber) at Joint Research Centre, Institute for environment and sustainability, using OH radical as oxidizing species
and investigating decrease of the reagents and increase of the reaction products by FT-IR spectroscopy. Ion
chromatography and HPLC-MS were used to investigate products in liquid phase collected on Teflon filters from the
smog chamber.
A substantive overview of the most impressive results over the past
The data obtained from monoterpenes oxidation were shown at scientific meetings and congresses and submitted to
various journals. Our laboratory results allow us to propose a reaction mechanism for α - pinene with OH radicals.
Acetone was obtained from all monoterpenes considered in this laboratory work. The importance of acetone lies in the
possibility of further reactions with UV light, O2 and NO2, from which peroxyacetylnitrate (PAN) is obtained, an
organic compound with a significant environmental toxicity. The formation of pinic and pinonic acid confirmed the
remarkable role of these species to the total amount of secondary aerosols in the atmosphere, obtained from
condensation processes of such a species with low vapour pressure.
These results constitute the base of the article “OH-INITIATED OXIDATION OF MONOTERPENES: REACTION
MECHANISM OF α-PINENE”, submitted to “Annali di Chimica” (2002).
From DMS degradation experiments carried out at increasing levels of NOx (<20 ppb, 1 ppm, 10 ppm), we found as
main products containing sulphur: dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO), dimethylsulphone (DMSO2), SO2,
methanesulphonic acid (MSA), methanesulphinic acid (MSIA) and methylsulphonylperoxynitrate (MSPN).
We used NOx almost exclusively constituted by NO2: initial concentration of NO varied from 24 ppbV (NOx =
1ppmV) and 953 ppbV (NOx = 10 ppmV).
Any substantial variation in the molar yields (%) of reaction products have been recorded in the experiments
performed at a NOx (NO+NO2) level of 1 ppm; at higher NOx levels a decrease in the molar yield of SO2 is
obtained, with the contemporary increase of MSPN formation.
Products obtained in aerosol phase were deeply discussed in the article “AEROSOL FORMATION AND
REACTION PATHWAYS OF ATMOSPHERIC OXIDATION OF DIMETHYLSULFIDE” Published by the
scientific journal “Annali di Chimica” (2001). A more detailed explanation of the other conclusions obtained from this
laboratory work can be find in the article "OH-INITIATED OXIDATION OF DMS/DMSO: REACTION
PRODUCTS AT HIGH NOx LEVELS" submitted to the scientific review "Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics".
A short overview of the programme development in the future (the coming 5 years) including the means needed
for realising the programme's mission. Please comment on any change due to expected mobility of senior staff.
The Environmental Chemistry Group of the University of Catania is involved in a scientific network on Atmospheric
Chemistry that contemplates an important partnership with the Chemistry Department of the University of Torino in
which, the availability of a new Smog chamber coupled with an FT-IR spectrometer for on-line analysis would allow
us to consider further deepening of the degradation mechanism of the different compounds, taking into consideration
the micro-climatic conditions of particular regions as the possible formation of new degradation products in the
presence of co-pollutants, like CFC, pesticides and so on.
Furthermore, other oxidizing species can be used, such as ozone, chlorine, bromine, and the cooling/heating system,
the vacuum system and the mixing device can be tuned in order to obtain results which best fit not only real pollution
conditions but also specific conditions of temperature and lightening.
B2) High oxidisation capacity of Ozone makes this molecule important both in environmental ambit, because of a lot
of molecules can be oxidisation into Stratosphere or aquatic environments. At begin of this century, Ozone was used
like disinfectant in treatment plants of waste water and drinking-water; today is used also like oxidisation agent of a
lot of water impurities.
In respect of the majority of conventional oxidisation/disinfectant molecules Ozone is very reactive molecule and no
gives chlorinated derivatives which are very noxious for human life. The use of this molecule for the predict aims is
limited for low solubility in water (1), high cost and easy decomposition in water.
In this research we show the degradation capability of Ozone on substrata like hetero-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
(N-PACs). Widespread interest in the analytical chemistry of N-PACs is a result of the extraordinary mutagenicity
262
displayed by some members of this compounds class. They appear to be widespread in the environmental and are
emitted from a variety of sources.
Compounds studied are: 1,10 Phenanthrolin, 4,7 Phenanthrolin, Acridine, Phenazine, Quinoline, Isoquinoline. The
samples of 1,10 and 4,7 Phenanthroline, Quinoline and Isoquinoline, are prepared by ozonization of 50 mL of an
aqueous solution at pH= 3 ( for sulfuric acid) containing the substratum. Phenazine and acridine samples due their
low solubility in water are prepared by ozonization in organic phase (CHCl3 ). The ozonisation conditions are: Flow of
O2/O3 = 20 L/h, electrical current= 200 mA (ozonizator used is: Fisher 501and implant n. 18 TP Monotube). All
products are analyzed by GC-MS (Hewlett Packard model 5890 with detector HP-MSD 5972 -II).
The reactions of 1,10 , 4,7 Phenanthroline, Quinoline and Isoquinoline are stopped after 60 minutes by nitrogen
bubbling. Full kinetics and mechanicistic data were derived. Paper describing results of that research are 1 and 43 .
Our research group is focusing the attention also on the sequential treatment of PAHs, involving chemical followed by
biological oxidation to (i) obtain mechanistic reactivity aspects of the ozone-initiated degradation of B[a]P and B[e]P in
the aqueous phase, (ii) test the biodegradability of resultant intermediates and (iii) test the feasibility of the integrated
chemical-biological treatment of the five-ring PAHs.
For this reason ozonation batch reactors are used, and after different times, samples containing reaction intermediates
and byproducts are collected. The samples are identified for organic contents, then biologically inoculated to determine
their biodegradability. The O3-pretreated samples are incubated from five to twentyfive days; afterward biochemical
oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and toxicity tests are conducted. Further qualitative and
quantitative determinations of B[a]P and B[e]P, intermediates, and reaction products by HPLC and GC/MS techniques
are conducted. Major intermediates identified at different stages are ring-opened aldehydes, phthalic derivatives, and
hydrocarbons. The degradation of B[a]P and B[e]P is primarily initiated viaO3-mediated ring-opening, followed by O3
and hydrohyl radical fragmentation. The last step is the complete mineralization via OH° radicals.
The proposed approach seems suitable for treating recalcitrant compounds, while pretreatment by chemical oxidation
appears useful to generate soluble intermediates from otherwise highly insoluble, biologically unavailable B[a]P and
B[e]P. The results are reported in a paper (34).
Theme c Mechanism of transport of micropollutants in biological system models
Several cancinogenic compounds are present in the environment then it is important to consider the methodology which
could be used to evaluate the amount of such compounds, their capacity to be absorbed by the human organism and the
preferential absorption ways. This problem is also important to understand mechanisms that permit the use of bilogical
passive samplers (see theme a2). It is, in fact, well known that the cell better absorbs highly lipophilic substances when
dispersed in a lipophilic medium instead of a hydrophilic one.
The objectives of our research is a better understanding of the transport and absorption processes of some polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons in the human body and of the factors that modulate these processes.
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is a technique usually employed to study the interaction of such kind of
compounds with biomembranes. By using DSC it has been possible to develop a theoretical-experimental method to
study the interaction and absorption kinetics of environmental impact compounds with cellular membrane model and to
consider the experimental and structural factors which affect the action mechanisms.
In order to better understand the transport and absorption processes of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the
human body and the factors that modulate these processes, the effect exerted by pyrene, N-pyrene, benzo[a]pyrene,
anthracene, fluorene, fluoranthene, indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene on the thermotropic behavior of membrane model,
constituted of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine vesicles, has been studied by using DSC. Some of the polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons shift the transition temperature towards lower values, while, other of them do not significantly
effect the thermotropic behaviour of liposomial vesicles. The ability of these compounds (in a solid form or absorbed
on silica gel) to migrate through an aqueous or a lipophilic medium has been studied. The results demonstrate that
almost all the examined compounds are not able to go through the aqueous medium whereas are able, even if in a
different extent, to migrate through the lipophilic medium and that the absorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
by a biomembrane depends on their structure and is facilitate by the presence of a lipophilic environment. The
technique could be exported to look for membranes to utilise in specific chemical sensors. Scientific results were
presented in several scientific journals (18, 24, 30-35, 40) the last of which is the third most cited journals in the
Environmental Sciences Category “Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology”.
The transport kinetics and the uptake process of other PAHs through and by cell membrane are under study. We will be
also involved in searching the factors that can affect these processes. Studies on the effect exerted by PAH compound
on the surface tension of monolayer; for this purpose the Langmuir Blodget technique will also be used. The technique
permits to better understand the interactions between such kind of compounds and human cells by considering the
263
effects exerted on the variations on the properties of an unilamellar lipid layer and on the variation of surface tension as
well as on the surface potential.
Theme d
For over 8 years we are interested in the study of the reactivity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PACs) towards
1,3-dipolar systems in order to find their new derivatives for their potential use in the environmental chemistry. The
thema is linked also to pure research activity carried out in co-operation with the organic chemistry group of Prof.
Chiacchio. However to extend our interest to other environmental topics we decided to reduce from 2001 the attention
to the current research theme.
While the reactivity of PACs as 4?-components in the Diels-Alder reactions has been extensively studied,1 their
dipolarofilicity has attracted scant attention. To our best knowledge, the only known cycloadditions are their reactions
with ozone,2 the Diels-Alder reactions with hexachlorocyclopentadiene3 and 1,3-dipolar reactions with the azomethine
ylid derived from 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)aziridine-2,3-(trans)-dicarboxylate.4
Our interest focused in reactions of some PACs [phenanthrene (1a), pyrene (1b), anthracene (1c), perylene (1d),
triphenylene (1e) and naphthalene(1f)] with nitrile oxides [mesitonitrile oxide (2a) and 3,5-dichloro-2,4,6trimethylbenzonitrile oxide (2b)] under classical heating and we found that, in contrast with an predictable chemical
inertia towards the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction owing to the loss of aromaticity, PACs add nitrile oxides to give
mono- and bis-cycloadducts with moderate yields. When the same reactions were performed under microwave
irradiation in the absence of solvent, yields of cycloadducts increased of a 2-7.5 factor.
More recently, our researches have been extended to aza- and diaza-analogues of PACs towards nitrile oxides with the
aim to compare their reactivity with that of PACs and to examine the regiochemistry of the cycloaddition in relation to
the position of nitrogen atom(s) in the ring.
Actual results concern reactions of phenanthridine (1g), benzo[h]quinoline (1h), acridine (1i) and 1,10- (1l), 4,7- (1m)
and 1,7-phenanthroline (1n) with portion-wise added mesitonitrile oxide (2a) and benzonitrile oxide (2c) under
refluxing benzene. In all cases cycloadducts to the N5=C6 and C5=C6 double bond were obtained with modest yields,
but the nitrogen atom of pyridine rings was inactive with the exception of 1m, which also afforded a biscycloadduct to
the C=N and C=C of a pyridine ring with the expected regiochemistry.
Finally we are in progress a study regarding the reduction of the isoxazolinic ring of monocycloadducts previously
isolated. In the case of linear PACs, the reduction moreover would afford ketones with the carbonyl moiety in the 1
position and then in a different position with respect to the 9 position, in which the normal acylation takes place.
Actual results regard the reduction by treatment with LiAlH4 of cycloadducts of phenanthrene, pyrene, anthracene and
acridine which all give the corresponding oximes deriving from the cleavage of the C-O bond. This is a special case in
which LiAlH4 reacts as a base instead as a reducent. In confirmation of this result, the treatment of cycloadducts with
metoxide ions, but not with triethylamine, give same oximes which were confirmed by their conversion into the
corresponding ketones. The research theme given several results extensively published in several scientific journals.
Theme e Remediation studies
E 1) Supercritical phase extraction and degradation of pollutants from contaminated soil
Supercritical fluid extraction, SFE, is drawing much attention as emerging technique for soil remediation due to the
following attractive features: (a) Cleanness. A supercritical fluid process employs environmentally benign solvents
(CO2 and water) to extract/destroy pollutants in contaminated soils/sediments without destroying the structure and
altering the major properties of the treated soils/sediments. (b) Quickness. The cleanup can be achieved in a relatively
short processing time (10 - 60 min). (c) Wide range of application.
In supercritical extraction, CO2 is largely use as a solvent because of its low critical properties (Tc=304 K and Pc=73
bar), low cost and toxicity and the capacity to solvate a wide range of organic compounds.
SFE technique was used in order to quantitatively extract from a certified marine sediment (NIST SRM® 1944), by
using CO2 as solvent, a large number of organic pollutants.
This sample is characterized by a great variety of organic and inorganic pollutants, present in small quantities (under 10
ppm). The preliminary research was performed in cooperation with the Chemistry Department of University of Bari
(INCA Unit Bari 1). The products related to the two different analytical extraction have been quantified and
characterized by GC -MS of the reaction mixture. Results have been compared to those obtained by a conventional
Soxhlet extraction.
Both polar and non-polar liquid modifiers have been used to increased yields of extracted compounds, to evaluate the
differences in the recovery of pollutants.
A thorough evaluation of the amount of recovery of organic pollutants and the following analysis of the solid sample
allow us to optimize the analytical technique, characterizing the crucial steps of the process.
Results of this laboratory work, under the above mentioned experimental conditions (P = 230 bar, T = 323 K),
demonstrate that extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by CO2 – SC from contaminated sediment increases
by using an organic modifier, both polar co-solvent and non-polar co-solvent.
264
The recovery of naftalene (m.w. = 128.17), for example, goes from 3.64 %, using only SC-CO2, to around 20 %, using
SC-CO2 + 5% methanol, SC-CO2 + n-hexane and SC-CO2 + 5% toluene.
For benzo[a]pyrene (m.w. = 252.31), the amount of recovery goes from 0.47 % to 12-16% as a function of the organic
modifier used.
Then, we don’t see any significant change in the amount of the recovered species, probably because we have analyzed a
sample of marine sediment with a so low concentration of organic species that constitute the “non-mobile” fraction, the
so called “extraction limit”, of pollutants on the sediment matrix.
The results obtained in this experimental work were deeply discussed in the article “EXTRACTION OF
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON FROM POLLUTED MATRIX BY CO2 IN SUPERCRITICAL
PHASE” which will be submitted to important scientific reviews.
The Environmental Chemistry Group of the University of Catania will carry on the important collaboration with the
Chemistry department of the University of Bari in order to evaluate analytical methods that taking into consideration
the different condition influencing the final results, to perform in-situ oxidization of the extracted organic compounds
for a total degradation of soil pollutants.
Besides, from data obtained in the experimental work, new mathematical models can be created to define, on the basis
of the analytical conditions, the density of supercritical fluid which influences the total amount of the recovery of
environmental pollutants.
Further deepening are required to evaluate the behaviour of other supercritical fluids such as supercritical water (SCH2O), considering a comprehensive degradation process which couples the extraction technique with a parallel
oxidation process.
E2)
1. Summary of the design of the programme (scientific problem formulation, objectives, subject matter, research
methods and anticipated results)
Further studies concern the bio-degradability of recalcitrant compounds. This compounds, due to their low hydrosolubility and strong ability to be absorbed in soil and sediments, are scarcely biodegradable compounds. The
decontamination of PAH-polluted sites is of major importance because many PAH compounds are either known or
suspected carcinogens and mutagens. One way to enhance their solubility is to apply mobilising agents such as
surfactants. Being anphiphilic compounds, surfactant molecules can be incorporated with other surfactant molecules as
part of a micelle. The micelle formation permits to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to partition in the micelle
hydrophobic inner and then to apparently increase their solubility in the liquid phase. The aim of this research is to
monitor the bacteria degradation of these compounds in the presence and in the absence of surfactants.
2. Results
We report an evaluation of Triton X-100 for its utility in improving the biodegradation of two polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons, fluorene and pyrene, by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
For this research we have used the following method: a) the effects of surfactants on bacteria growth have been
determinate; b) bacteria have been allowed to grew on a medium containing a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the
presence and absence of Triton X-100; c) the degradation products and the not degraded polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbon have been extracted twice with dichloromethane; d) the extracted products have been analysed by gaschromatography.
The obtained results show that in the presence of Triton X-100, 40% of fluorene is degraded instead when Triton X100 is not used the percentage of degraded fluorene is very low.
The results obtained by the degradation experiments of pyrene show that 35% of pyrene is degraded when Triton X100 is used while no degradation occurs when Triton X-100 is not added to the culture medium. The obtained results
give indication on the ability of Triton X-100 to enhance the degradation both of fluorene and pyrene by
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
3. Programme development in the future
As the first experiments have given promising results, in the future we will extent our research to the degradation of
other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using Triton X-100.
Surfactants with different chemical-structural properties will also be used in order to evaluate differences in the bacteria
degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons..
6.3
•
Two main co-operation are relevant for the research unit:
a) Prof. G. Tomaselli, leader of the research group active in the chemical reactivity research
265
b) Prof. U. Chiacchio, leader of the research group active in the chemical synthesis research
•
• Multi-fund Operative Program. From 1995 to 1999 our group establishing co-operation connections between
the others two Sicilian Universities. Our research theme was «Management of waters: Pollution monitoring of the
superficial waters crossing highly industrialised area.
• University of Turin, Department of Chemistry IFM, prof. S. Coluccia, leader of TORINO 1 Unit INCA, Piano
di Interesse Nazionale INCA, Chemistry of the urban atmosphere, to which our unit participate.
• University of Bari, Chemistry Department; Prof. Michele Aresta, leader of BARI 1 Unit INCA and responsible
of research project «Soil remediation» in the framework of the INCA Project, cluster terrestrial environment.
• University of Lecce, Material Sciences Department, Prof. Giuseppe Vasapollo, leader of LECCE 1 Unit INCA
• University of Milan, Department of Environmental Sciences, with which our group exchange also thesis
students visits.
• CNR-ISAO, Atmospheric chemistry group, M.G. Facchini, Project “ Modelling micropollutants formation
processes and aerosols in mixt rural-urban environment”, Program CNR AGENZIA 2000.
• University of Turin, Prof. Arnaldo Longhetto, Project “ Modelling micropollutants formation processes and
aerosols in mixt rural-urban environment”, Program CNR AGENZIA 2000.
• University of Modena, Prof. Renato Santangelo, Project “ Modelling micropollutants formation processes and
• LaMMA, Firenze, Ing. Giovanni Gualtiero, Project “ Modelling micropollutants formation processes and
• Network on PACs, leader Dr. Philippe Garrigues, (CNRS, Environmental and Toxicological Chemistry
Department, Bordeaux, France) in the field of the chemistry of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds strengthening the
co-operation between European and US scientists.
• Network on Heterocyclic Chemistry, leader Prof. Norbert de Kimpe, Gent University. Set-up during 1993
permitted to valorise some expertise’s acquired previously aimed to strengthening the co-operation with some
European researchers and from ex Soviet Union.
• Co-operation between France and Italy, Program GALILEO. Set-up during 1996 permitted to valorise some
expertise’s acquired previously in the field of the automatic monitoring of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds
strengthening the cooperation with the Universitè de Paris-Sud and particularly with the prof. Taieb of the
Department of Photophisique Moleculaire. The opportunity arisen from the call for tender CNRS/CRUI relatively
the GALILEO program. A program of research and researchers exchange was set-up concerning «Advanced
methods of automatic monitoring of Mediterranean sea». The project was selected for supporting during 1996 and
for the subsequent year.
• Plurifund Operative Program. From 1995 to 1999 our group establish a co-operation with the Joint Research
Centre of Ispra. Our research theme was «Management of waters: Pollution monitoring of the superficial waters
crossing highly industrialised area.
• Persistent Organic Pollutants Network. A network sponsorized by European Environmental Research
Organisation, set-up on 1996; the executive manager is Prof. Ivan Holoubek, Environmental Studies Department,
Masarik University, Czek Republic.
• Atmospheric Chemistry Network. Informal network centred on Prof. Beker, Bergische Universität Wuppertal,
DE and Prof. Bruno Rindone, Milan University, IT; our project title is «Degradation of biogenic compounds in
air».
The role of INCA: our unit has benefit of the organisation structure of INCA because trough it various co-operations
are started.
6.4
It’s necessary to state before hand our research results are of importance in environmental and human health analysis
produced by sources of energy emissions ( main causes of PAC presence in environment) in soil and air, and are of
importance as well in young graduates formation to propose solution and operate for minimising energy production
processes impact. The environmental behaviour of biogenic compounds plays a remarkable role in the formation of
ozone, other secondary pollutants and aerosols, so influencing not only the tropospheric chemistry of Mediterranean
region, where they have been observed to dominate to other natural emitted hydrocarbons, but also producing climatic
changes that lead to desertification phenomena which are affecting Southern regions of Italy.
266
The SFE technique contribute to set up an “environmental friendly” extraction technique for remediation of soil matrix
polluted by a large number of organic and inorganic compounds, avoiding great amount of organic solvents, avoiding
further chemical contamination and variation in the chemical structure and in the physical characteristics of the
processed soil samples.
Most of polyclyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are proven to be mutagenic and carcinogenic. Since they are found
massively in polluted urban and industrial areas, to semplify PAHs monitoring has become a very important problem in
order to safeguard human health.
Some geographical areas subjected to industrial risk were identified in Italy, three of which are in Sicily, where the high
probable Persistent Organic Pollutants concentration in environment puts control problems with regard to their
carcinogenic activities too. Several advantage can get therefore the community:
Territorial advantages: Availability of a reference centre, in the regional territory to study and to propose interventions
in regional areas at industrial risk. Work-force strengthening by new-graduates and doctorate students formative
activities, as well as professional figure formation to put in appropriate productive contexts.
Advantages for all the community: Greater knowledge and control of environment quality in risk areas, with
consequence possibility foreseeing actions to undertake for quality of life improvement.
Availability of research results utilizable at once to promote innovation in energy production processes as incentive for
long-term and short-term employment development.
6.5
Prof. Vito Librando has been:
-Chairman of the Organising Committee of the International Symposium “Environmental thresholds and pollutant
stress” of the Europe Annual 1996 Meeting, SETAC
-Chairman of the Environmental Chemistry Division Symposium “Degradation of Chemicals with Environmental
impact”, American Chemical Society, San Francisco CA, 1996.
He is or has been member of Committee and or Editorial Board of:
-Annali di Chimica Editorial Board, 2000-today
-Journal of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology Editorial Board, 1995-1997
-ACQUA ARIA Editorial Board,1995-today
-Environmental Chemistry Division of the Italian Chemical Society, Council Board, 2000-today
Also he is referee of:
-MIUR research projects;
-Czek Republik Grant Agency;
-Third World Network of Scientific Organisation, Intenational Center (Trieste).
He is member of:
-American Chemical Society, Environmental Chemistry Division
-Society of Environmental and Toxicology Chemistry
-International Association of Environmental Chemistry
Further Prof. Librando served as Member:
-Regione Sicilia, Pluri-fund Operative Program, Committee for the Evaluation of Environmental Impact of Projects for
Energy Initiative 1998-1999.
-Regione Sicilia, Regional Operative Program 2000-2006, Environmental Chemist Member of the Advisory Committee
for the Regional Innovation Strategy.
6.6
Key Publications
Because the interests of our group span over various field, at our opinion, at least 8 papers should be representative of
the unit work:
1. V. Librando, U. Chiacchio and G. Magazzù, Monitoring Studies of Augusta Bay Marine Waters,
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 44, 383-390 (1997).
2. A. Corsaro, V. Librando, U. Chiacchio, V. Pistarà and A. Rescifina, Cycloaddition of Nitrile Oxides to Azaanalogues of Phenanthrene, Tetrahedron, 54, 9187-9194 (1998).
3. A.M. Zvonok, V. Librando, E.B. Okaev, and S.A. Mikhalyonok, Synthesis of Epoxycarbonyl Pyrroline by
Cycloaddition of benzonitrile-4-nitrobenzylide to a,b-unsaturated epoxy ketones, Khimiya Geterotsykl. Soed., 5,
630-633, (1998).
4. Librando, V., Corsaro, A., and Perrini, G. Comparison among active and passive samplers for monitoring
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds 17[1-4], 241-254. 1999.
267
5. A. Corsaro, U. Chiachio, V. Librando, V. Pistarà and A. Rescifina, An unusual route for the regioselective
acylation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Nitrile oxide addition followed by isoxazoline degradation,
Synthesis, 10, 1469-1473 (2000).
6. Castelli, F., Librando, V., and Sarpietro, M. G. A calorimetric evidence of the interaction and transport of
environmentally carcinogenic compounds through biomembranes. Thermochimica Acta 373[2], 133-140. 2001.
7. Vito Librando, Giuseppe Tringali, Jens Hjorth, Niels R. Jensen, Aerosol formation and reaction pathways of
atmospheric oxidation of Dimethylsulfide, Annali di Chimica, 91, 415-424 (2001).
1. F Castelli, V. Librando, M.G. Sarpietro, Calorimetric approach of the interaction and absorption of
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with model membranes. Environmental Science and Technology, 36 (2002)
2717-2723.
7.
Scientific Output
7.1
Publication Policy
Our unit initially published researches results in very specialised reviews that nevertheless, do not had high impact
factors because directed to a narrow readers number. Now some of this journals (JPAC) have a better Impact Factor
than in the past and this demonstrate that also the minimal contribution of our unit contributed to it. Recently our unit
has published scientific articles on journals of large diffusion at international level, taking account, during the journals
selection, not only of the topic and the target readers. The publications in fact appeared, during the 1997-2001 period,
in 20 different journals (books excluded) with an average impact factor of 1.55 and an average ranking of 46 top
percent. Master theses contributed to the overall publication policy but the number of PhDs now is zero because based
on the places (6-8) given by the MIUR in the field of the Chemistry (in which over 100 professor and researchers are
involved) of which neither is assigned to Environmental Chemistry Curricula. Further in the Chemistry Degree do not
exists any “Environmental Chemistry” course and in Industrial Chemistry that course is an optional course. So
chemistry students prefers as PhD tutors that teaches traditional disciplines (Organic Chemistry, General Chemistry,
etc.). Our strategy permit us to publish, until 2001, 36 papers in international journals; other 7 papers, already accepted
but, due the editing delays, will published on 2002; other 4 papers has been submitted to the appropriate editor during
the 2002 year.
7.2
Numerical data
Category
PhD-Dissertations
1997
1
1998
1
1999
4
2000
3
2001
2
Total
11
6
10
5
7
8
36
Master’s Theses
8
Self-evaluation
The actual composition of the unit is not appropriate taking account of the number and the age of the members: in fact
the unit needs one or two young researches to reach a permanent stable critical mass. The overall trend, within the
period 1997-2001, of the scientific output reported in table 7.2 and commented in appendix II is to be considered
positively as concerns the quality and quantity. The important choice to extend our scientific interests towards new
frontier topics permitted however to publish in the top level journal ES&T during 2002. The percentage of papers
published in the 1/3 top journals appears satisfactory even in consideration of the low number of permanent staff
members of our unit and of the teaching load which is very heavy. In the current year this load will increase due the
fact that Environmental Chemistry has been included as fundamental courses in about 12 new degree courses, activated
at Catania University, where there are only two Professor of Environmental Chemistry.
Further an important action has been undertaken in order to increase the interests towards innovative sectors of the
environmental chemistry and to increase the interests of PhD students towards our research topics: to encourage the
268
students mobility towards stages in international labs to acquire experience and partially prepare their theses. To this
purpose appropriate searching for financial support will be pursued.
Appendix I
Scientific Output
I-1
I.1.1 Dissertations
Year
1997
Name PhD-student
Rita Franzò
1998
Dario Di Bella
1999
Claudia Mattina
1999
Corrado Sgandurra
1999
Concettina Morabito
1999
Giuseppe Tringali
2000
Massimo Tomasello
2000
Irene Mangiameli
2000
Rosaria Addamo
2001
Rosario Gallucci
2001
Alessandra Trigilia
Supervisor
Valutazione di differenti metodologie di
V. Librando
campionamento di Idrocarburi policiclici
aromatici nell’inquinamento atmosferico
dell’area urbana catanese
Simulazione di ossidazione in troposfera V.Librando
di monoterpeni da parte del radicale OH:
aspetti cinetici e caratterizzazione dei prodotti
di reazione
Modelli di reattività e rilevamento
V.Librando
di microinquinanti organici atmosferici con
particolare riferimento ai BTX
Studio di alcuni campionatori
V.Librando
biologici passivi nella valutazione dello
inquinamento atmosferico di aree urbane*
Determinazione di derivati del
V.Librando
fenolo nell'atmosfera urbana con particolare
riferimentoe al 2- e 4-nitrofenolo.*
Chimica troposferica del Dimetil solfuro: V.Librando
modelli di reattività ed aspetti cinetici*
Valutazione chimica delle capacità di
V.Librando
accumulo di campionatori biologici nei
confronti degli idrocarburi policiclici aromatici*
Studio dell’effetto genotossico del
G. Perrini
particolato atmosferico dell’area urbana di
Catania con riferimento agli idrocarburi policiclici
Aromatici adsorbiti*
Gli Idrocarburi policiclici aromatici e loro G. Perrini
ruolo nell’induzione di danni genotossici*
Valutazione della biodisponibilità del Cadmio nei
sedimenti e nelle acque del Fiume
Jarama (Spagna)
G. Perrini
I campionatori biologici passivi: applicazioni alle
misure di inquinamento atmosferico causato da
Idrocarburi Policiclici aromatici
V. Librando
-Degradation studies with ozone of aza-areni of environmental interest
-Feasibility study of a network for the monitoring of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds in the industrial area of Augusta,
Priolo, Melilli.
-Evaluation of different sampling methologies of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with reference to the urban area of
Catania City
-Simulation of the tropospheric oxidation of monoterpens with OH radical:kinetic aspects and characterization of the
reaction products
-Reactivity models and monitoring of atmospheric organic micropollutants with reference to BTXs.
-Studies of some passive biological samplers in the evaluation of air pollution of urban areas.
-Determination of phenolic compounds derivatives in urban air with particular reference to 2- and 4-nitrophenol.
-Thropospheric chemistry of the DMS: reactivity models and kinetics
-Chemical evaluation of the ability of biological samplers to accunulate Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons.
-Geno-toxic effect of urban particulate matter regarding the Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
269
-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and their role in the geno-toxic hazard.
-Bioavalability of Cadmium in the sediment of jarama river.
-Biological passive samplers: application to the atmospheric PAH monitoring.
I-2
1997
1. Librando, V., Rindone, B., Scarlata, G., Perrini, G., Bolzacchini, E., and Scicali, C. Advanced techniques of
polycyclic aromatic compounds degradation studies. Book of Abstracts, 213th ACS National Meeting, San
Francisco, April 13-17 , ENVR-083. 1997.
2. Chiacchio, Ugo, Corsaro, Antonino, Gumina, Giuseppe, Pistara, Venerando, Rescifina, Antonio, Alessi,
Manlio, Piperno, Anna, Romeo, Giovanni, and Romeo, Roberto. Stereoselective synthesis of isoxazole and
pyrazole annulated sultams via intramolecular 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions. Tetrahedron 53[40], 1385513866. 1997.
3. Corsaro, Antonino, Chiacchio, Ugo, Librando, Vito, Fisichella, Salvatore, and Pistara, Venerando. 1,3-Dipolar
cycloadditions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with nitrile oxides under microwave irradiation in the absence
of solvent. Heterocycles 45[8], 1567-1572. 1997.
4. U. Chiacchio, A. Corsaro, V. Librando, A. Rescifina, R. Romeo and G. Romeo, Intramolecular Nitrile Oxide
Cycloaddition (INOC) of Substituted Amido-Oximes, Tetrahedron 52(45), 14323-14334 (1996).
5. V. Librando, N. Cardellicchio, C. Garozzo, A. Dell’atti, G. Strisciullo, Chemometric Study of the
Groundwaters in two Areas of Puglia Region, Annali di Chimica, (87) 685-697 (1997).
6. V. Librando, U. Chiacchio and G. Magazzù, Monitoring Studies of Augusta Bay Marine Waters,
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 44, 383-390 (1997).
1998
1. A. Corsaro, V. Librando, U. Chiacchio, V. Pistarà and A. Rescifina, Cycloaddition of Nitrile Oxides to Azaanalogues of Phenanthrene, Tetrahedron, 54, 9187-9194 (1998).
2. A.M. Zvonok, V. Librando, E.B. Okaev, and S.A. Mikhalyonok, Synthesis of Epoxycarbonyl Pyrroline by
Cycloaddition of benzonitrile-4-nitrobenzylide to a,b-unsaturated epoxy ketones, Khimiya Geterotsykl. Soed., 5,
630-633, (1998).
3. Barbera, N., Bulla, G., and Romano, G. A fatal case of benzene poisoning. JOURNAL OF FORENSIC
SCIENCES 43[6], 1250-1251. 1998.
4. Chiacchio, Ugo, Corsaro, Antonio, Pistara, Venerando, Purrello, Giovanni, and Rescifina, Antonio. The
reaction of unsaturated carbonyl compounds with \"activated\" sulfur. II. Formation of cyclic disulfide and
polysulfides. Heterocycles 48[1], 41-51. 1998.
5. Corsaro, Antonino and Pistari, Venerando. Conversion of the thiocarbonyl group into the carbonyl group.
Tetrahedron 54[50], 15027-15062. 1998.
6. A. M. Zvonok, V. Librando, E.B. Okaev, and S.G. Mikhalyonok, Synthesis of epoxycarbonyl pyrroline
derivatives by cycloaddition of benzonitrilio p-nitrophenylmethanide to α,β-unsaturated epoxy Ketones, Chem.
Heterocycl. Compd., 34(5), 554-557 (1998).
7. Corsaro, Antonio, Buemi, Giuseppe, Chiacchio, Ugo, Pistara, Venerando, and Rescifina, Antonio.
Cycloadditions of mesitonitrile oxide with hydroxy- and methoxy-substituted stilbenes. A directing hydrogen
bonding model. Heterocycles 48[5], 905-918. 1998.
8. Librando, Vito, Chiacchio, Ugo, Corsaro, Antonio, Pistara, Venerando, and Romano, Laura. Microwaveheating-assisted and conventional syntheses of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Acqua Aria [2], 79-83. 1998.
9. V. Librando, M. Forina, and G. Drava, 3-way Principal component analysis applied to the evaluation of the
quality of underground waters in the industrial Syracuse area, Annali di chimica, 88 867-878 (1998).
10. V. Librando and L. Romano, Studio degli effetti di solventi e tensioattivi sulla stabilità e resa di estrazione di
idrocarburi policiclici aromatici nelle acque, Boll. Chim. Igien., 49, 171-175 (1998).
1999
270
11. Castelli, F., Uccella, N., Trombetta, D., and Saija, A. Differences between coumaric and cinnamic acids in
membrane permeation as evidenced by time-dependent calorimetry. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
47[3], 991-995. 1999.
12. Chiacchio, Ugo, Corsaro, Antonino, Gumina, Giuseppe, Rescifina, Antonio, Iannazzo, Daniela, Piperno,
Anna, Romeo, Giovanni, and Romeo, Roberto. Homochiral .alpha.-D- and .beta.-D-Isoxazolidinylthymidines via
1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition. Journal of Organic Chemistry 64[26], 9321-9327. 1999.
13. Chiacchio, Ugo, Corsaro, Antonino, Piperno, Anna, Rescifina, Antonio, Romeo, Giovanni, and Romeo,
Roberto. Stereoselective synthesis of enantiomerically pure isoxazolidine-fused .delta.-lactams. Heterocycles
51[1], 37-49. 1999.
14. Librando, V., Corsaro, A., and Perrini, G. Comparison among active and passive samplers for monitoring
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds 17[1-4], 241-254. 1999.
15. V. Librando, G. Perrini and C. Sgandurra, Environmental Impact and Monitoring of Polycyclic Aromatic
Compounds in Landfill Emissions, Waste Management and Treatment of Municipal and Industrial WasteLandfill,
Christensen, Cossu and Stegmann Editors, CISA Press, Vol V, 535-541 (1999)
2000
16. A. Corsaro, U. Chiachio, V. Librando, V. Pistarà and A. Rescifina, An unusual route for the regioselective
acylation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Nitrile oxide addition followed by isoxazoline degradation,
Synthesis, 10, 1469-1473 (2000).
17. Castelli, F., Giuffrida, N., Tringali, C., and Ruberto, G. Calorimetric evidence of differentiated transport of
limonin and nomilin through biomembranes. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 48[9], 4123-4127. 2000.
18. Chiacchio, U., Rescifina, A., Corsaro, A., Pistara, V., Romeo, G., and Romeo, R. Diastereoselective and
enantioselective synthesis of 4'-aza analogues of 2',3'-dideoxynucleosides. Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 11[10], 20452048. 2000.
19. Corsaro, Antonino, Chiacchio, Ugo, Pistara, Venerando, and Perrini, Giancarlo. 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition
reactions of benzonitrile oxide to 2(1H)-pyrazinone and its N- and O-methyl derivatives. Heterocycles 53[1], 6980. 2000.
20. Corsaro, Antonino, Chiacchio, Ugo, Pistara, Venerando, Rescifina, Antonio, Buemi, Giuseppe, and Romeo,
Giovanni. Cycloadditions of mesitonitrile oxide with amino- and nitrostilbenes. Perkin 2 [8], 1761-1766. 2000.
21. Librando, Vito; Tringali, Giuseppe; Hjorth, Jens; Jensen, Niels R.; Sorensen, Soren; Mangoni, Monica,
Reaction pathways of atmospheric oxidation of dimethylsulfide and corresponding aerosol formation, Prepr. Ext.
Abstr., Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Environ. Chem., 40(1), 390-392 (2000)
22. Toma, Lucio, Quadrelli, Paolo, Perrini, Giancarlo, Gandolfi, Remo, Di Valentin, Cristiana, Corsaro, Antonino,
and Caramella, Pierluigi. Cycloadditions of nitrile oxides to .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated aldehydes. Frontier orbital
interactions and secondary orbital interactions at work in determining regiochemistry. Tetrahedron 56[25], 42994309. 2000.
2001
23. A. Raudino, F. Castelli, G, Briganti, C. Cametti, Anomalous Dielectric Behaviour of Undulated Lipid
Membranes. Theoretical Model and Dielectric Spectroscopy Measurements of the Ripple Phase of
Phosphatidylcholine, J. Phys. Chem., 115 (2001) 8238-8250.
24. A. Raudino, F. Castelli. Modeling specific heat transient anomalies during permeation of liposomes by watersoluble substances, J. Colloid Interf. Sci, 200 (1998) 52-58.
25. Castelli, F., Caruso, S., and Uccella, N. Biomimetic transport of simple olive biophenol and analogues through
model biological membranes by differential scanning calorimetry. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
49[11], 5130-5135. 2001.
26. Castelli, F., Librando, V., and Sarpietro, M. G. A calorimetric evidence of the interaction and transport of
environmentally carcinogenic compounds through biomembranes. Thermochimica Acta 373[2], 133-140. 2001.
27. Librando, Vito, Castelli, Francesco, Sarpietro, Maria Grazia, and Aresta, Michele. Sequential reactivity studies
of B[a]P and B[e]P by chemical and biological processes. International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation
Symposium, 6th, San Diego, CA, United States, June 4-7, 2001 3, 149-155. 2001.
271
28. Romano, G., Barbera, N., and Lombardo, I. Hair testing for drugs of abuse: evaluation of external cocaine
contamination and risk of false positives. Forensic Science International 123[2-3], 119-129. 1-12-2001.
29. V. Librando, G. Tringali, J. Hjorth, N. R. Jensen, Reaction pathways in the atmospheric oxidation of DMS,
Atmospheric Diagnostics in Urban Regions, Lay/Becker/Hauthal/Rindone/Zetsch (Ed.), Erich Schmidt Verlag,
Berlin, pp. 43-50 (2001).
30. Vito Librando, Giuseppe Tringali, Jens Hjorth, Niels R. Jensen, Aerosol formation and reaction pathways of
atmospheric oxidation of Dimethylsulfide, Annali di Chimica, 91, 415-424 (2001).
Appendix 3
Name of the Unit:
Environmental Processes and Transformations
Research Director:
Prof. Vito Librando
Years included
1997-2001
Name of Journal
Number
Articles
Acqua Aria
1
Boll. Chim. Igien.
1
Chem. Heterocycl. Compd. 1
Journal of Agricultural and 3
Food Chemistry
Journal
of
Organic 1
Chemistry
Journal of Chemical Physics 1
Tetrahedron: Asymmetry
J. Phys. Chem
Tetrahedron
Synthesis
Perkin 2
J. Colloid Interf. Sci
Environmental Monitoring
and Assessment
JOURNAL OF FORENSIC
Heterocycles
Khimiya Geterotsykl. Soed.
Thermochimica Acta
Forensic
Science
International
Annali di Chimica
Polycyclic
Compounds
of Journal
Factor
1.560
3.689
3.301
1
1
5
1
1
1
1
2.797
2.754
2.356
2.193
1.494
0.839
1
5
1
1
1
0.939
1.015
0.334
0.807
0.829
3
0.413
Aromatic 1
0.305
Papers that will appear on
2002 but already accepted
during 2001 year
Environmental Science and 1
Technology
PCCP
1
1.787
Ozone Sci Eng.
1
0.683
Aromatic 1
0.305
Polycyclic
Compounds
3.031
Impact Field(s)
Ranking
Order
Agriculture,
Multidisciplinary
Chemistry, Organic
1/28
0.035
5/48
0.104
Physics,
atomic,
molecular
and
chemical
Chemistry, Organic
Chemical, physical
Chemistry, Organic
Chemistry, Organic
Chemistry, Organic
Chemical, physical
Environmental
Sciences
Medicine, legal
Chemistry, Organic
Chemistry, Organic
Chemical, physical
Medicine, chemistry
5/30
0.167
9/48
18/91
15/48
16/48
22/48
42/91
63/127
0.187
0.198
0.312
0.333
0.458
0.461
0.496
5/9
31/48
31/48
67/91
7/9
0.555
0.646
0.646
0.736
0.777
Environmental
Sciences
Chemistry, Organic
104/129
0.806
45/48
0.937
Environmental
Sciences
CHEMISTRY,
PHYSICAL
Environmental
Sciences
Chemistry, Organic
3/127
0.023
35/93
0.376
77/127
0.596
45/48
0.937
272
Comments on:
a) the method
The articles are listed on the basis of the relative position (ranking) of the journals in which they are published. In our
opinion the papers must be compared to member number of the unit. Further index can be obtained from the Average
Ranking over the period 1997-2001 and over the year 2002 to take account of trend confirmation. The number of
papers published for year is continuously increasing from 1997 to 2001. Apart from the peak of scientific production in
1998, it can be observed a 30% increase in each year compared to the previous years and an overall 600% increase in
years 1997-2001 compared to 1997. The above annual increase trend has been confirmed in 2002, since one paper has
been published on the top journal "Envir. Sci & Technol", six papers has been accepted for publishing, one of them on
the top european journal "PCCP" and further four papers are waiting for referees advise.
b) the results
It can be calculated from the Journal portfolio analysis that 50% of the total number of publications (1997-2001) are
published in the top 1/3 journals (33.33 %) and 80 % appear on the top 2/3 (66.66 %). Further the percentage of
journals with ranking 20% is 23.33%. In the above analysis are missed extended papers of results presented in very
important meetings in the field of Environmental Chemistry such ACS Symposium or Battelle Symposium and others
listed in the Appendix I.2. This papers, in our opinion, have to considered of high quality typ
273
Appendix 4
Overview of Scientific Publications 2002
Due the fact that several papers accepted during 2001 and for editorial and referral delay they will appear on 2002
issues, for a complete evaluation of scientific output, in our opinion, must be considered also the seven accepted and
the four submitted papers:
1. F Castelli, V. Librando, M.G. Sarpietro, Calorimetric approach of the interaction and absorption of
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with model membranes. Environmental Science and Technology, 36 (2002)
2717-2723.
2. Paola Gramatica, Angela Santagostino, Ezio Bolzacchini , Vito Librando, Marco Orlandi and Bruno Rindone,
Analysis in air and rain, toxicology and QSAR modelling with nitrophenols, AIR POLLUTION 2002, WIT Press,
Southampton 2002, in press.
3. A. Raudino, F. Castelli, Transport through monolayers and bilayers at fluid-fluid interfaces. Encyclopedia Of
Surface and Colloid Science, A.Hubbard Ed, Marcel Dekker (2002) 5441-5455.
4. Vito Librando, Francesco Castelli, M.G. Sarpietro and Michele Aresta, Sequential Reactivity Studies Of
B[A]P And B[E]P By Chemical And Biological Processes, In situ and On-Site Bioremediation, Battelle Press,
Columbus, 2002
5. Barbara Barletta, Ezio Bolzacchini, Vito Librando, Simone Meinardi, Marco Orlandi, Bruno Rindone*,
Claudio Scicali, The Oxidation Of Some Azaarenes With Ozone, Ozone Sci Eng., in press.
6. V. Librando, G. Perrini and M. Tomasello, Biomonitoring of Suspended Particulate Matter PAHs by
Evergreen Plants: An evidence of the correlation’s suitability, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, in press.
7. Vito Librando, Giuseppe Tringali, Jens Hjorth, Niels R. Jensen and Salvatore Coluccia, OH-initiated
oxidation of DMS/DMSO: reaction products at high NOx levels, PCCP, in press
8. Ezio Bolzacchini, Vorne Gianelle , Vito Librando, Luca Pozzoli,Paola Gramatica , Simone Citterio, Grazia
Perrone e Bruno Rindone, Linear correlations between particulate matter and some environmental parameters,
Annali di Chimica, submitted.
9. F. Castelli, V. Librando and M. G. Sarpietro, Evidence of lipophilic medium importance in the absorption of
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by biomembranes, Environ. Toxicology and Chemistry, submitted
10. Renato Belloli, Ezio Bolzacchini∗, Laura Clerici, Bruno Rindone, Giulio Sesana, Vito Librando,
Determination of nitrophenols in air and rain water using HPLC techniques, Atmospheric Environment, submitted.
11. V. Librando, G. A. Tomaselli and J. G. Tringali, OH-initiated oxidation of monoterpenes: reaction
mechanism of a-pinene, Atmospheric Environment, submitted.
274
CATANIA 6
CATANIA 6
Catalisi ambientale ed industriale
Environmental and Industrial Catalysis
University:
Università di Catania
Department:
Dipartimento Scienze Chimiche
Faculty:
Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Naturali
Research Leader
Dr. Crisafulli Carmelo
Contact Person
Crisafulli Carmelo
Viale Andrea Doria 6
95125 CATANIA, Italy
Phone: +39 095 7385036
Fax: +39 095 580138
Thematic Area
Catalisi eterogenea per le sintesi ecosostenibili e la decontaminazione ambientale
Heterogeneous catalysis for eco-compatible syntheses and environmental decontamination
The Research Unit of Environmental and Industrial Catalysis is actually coincident with the research team named
“Laboratorio di Petrolchimica” of the Department of Chemical Sciences of the University of Catania. This
Laboratory was created in the early sixties with the purpose to prepare graduates able to satisfy the growing demand for
specialized staff of the Refineries and the Petrochemical Industries which were establishing during that years in the
eastern part of Sicily.
All the members of this Unit have always worked in the field of the Industrial Chemistry, both from the didactic and the
scientific point of view. This is well demonstrated by the didactic loads and the scientific publications of the members
of the Units shown afterwards.
The Research Unit owns several research equipment, such as FT-IR spectrophotometer, quadrupole gas analyzer,
atomic adsorption spectrometer, BET surface area apparatus, NOx analyzer, gas-chromatographs, temperature
programmed apparatus (for temperature programmed reduction, oxidation, desorption, etc.), apparatus for the catalytic
activity tests, etc. Moreover the components of the Unit can have free access to the equipment available in the
Department of Chemical Sciences (Mass Spectrometer, NMR, ESCA, XRD, XRF, etc.). The Department also provides
the technical and administrative services, by employing funds of the research group.
The University
275
The University of Catania is the 2nd University of Italy to have filed a report for the Quality Audit Programme of the
Conference of European Rectors. The University of Catania was also one of the first Universities to participate to the
INCA consortium.
The total teaching staff of the University is composed of 1506 members. 316 are members of the Faculty of
Sciences. The Department of Chemical Sciences is the largest Department of the University of Catania in terms of
staff, with 86 professors and researchers and 37 technicians and administratives.
The research activities of the Department cover all the most important chemical areas (organic, inorganic, analytic,
industrial, physical and biological). The Department is involved in several EU projects, in cooperative projects with
national and international institutions and is strictly linked to the main local industries.
The Department supports the research groups through its technical and administrative services, providing
sophisticated equipment and a well-furnished library.
The Unit
Organization structure:
The research unit of INCA directed by Dr. Carmelo Crisafulli is actually composed by 2 associated professors
(Solarino Luigi, Toscano Giovanni), 2 researchers (Crisafulli Carmelo, Scirè Salvatore), 1 research fellow
(Minicò Simona) 1 PhD student (Giuseppe Burgio) and a variable number of graduating students. It must be
noted that Dr. Crisafulli became the new research leader of this Unit in March 2000 due to the sudden death of
Prof. Rosario Maggiore, who was the former director.
Teaching loads:
All the members of the Unit are involved in the teaching of several courses for the Industrial Chemistry and Chemistry
Degree and for the Environmental Chemistry short degree.
Prof. Solarino: Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry: part I, for Industrial Chemistry Degree. Environmental Impact, for
Environmental Chemistry short degree.
Prof. Toscano: Industrial Chemical Plants: part I, for Industrial Chemistry Degree. Industrial Chemical Plants: part
II, for Industrial Chemistry Degree. Laboratory of Industrial Chemical Plants, for Industrial Chemistry Degree.
Dr. Crisafulli: Industrial Chemistry part I, for the Industrial Chemistry Degree. Chemistry and Technology of
Catalysis for Industrial Chemistry Degree. Industrial Chemistry for Environmental Chemistry short degree.
Dr. Scirè: Industrial Organich Chemistry, for Industrial Chemistry Degree. Chemistry and Technology of Petroleum
for 1. Industrial Chemistry Degree and 2. for Chemistry Degree.
1.Title
Heterogeneous catalysis for environmental and industrial applications
2.Programme Director
3.Composition of the scientific research staff of the unit per 1 January 2002
276
Name and Titles
Year
of
Birth
Rank
Research
Input in fte
In 2001
Prof. Solarino Luigi
Prof. Toscano Giovanni
1934
1940
Associated Prof.
Associated Prof.
0.4
0.2
Dr. Scirè Salvatore
Dr. Minicò Simona
Dr. Burgio Giuseppe
1952
1960
1968
1973
Researcher
Researcher
Research fellow
PhD student
0.7
0.7
1
1
4.0
Remarks
Director
of
the
“University Bulletin”
Comments
Each year around 4-5 graduating students carry out the Master’s Thesis in the “Laboratorio di Petrolchimica”
cooperating to the research activities of the Unit. However after the Degree it is unlikely that these students go on
working in the University as PhD or grantee students for more than 6 months. In fact at the moment all the graduates in
Industrial Chemistry get readily a working position in local industries. Moreover in the last years and probably in the
near future the access to the university ranks is highly restricted. For these reasons no significant change in the Unit is
expected.
Category
Full Professors
Ricercatori
Post-docs
PhD-students
Research fellows
Total
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
Total
1.2
1.4
1.2
1.4
1.2
1.4
0.6
1.4
0.6
1.4
4.8
7.0
2.6
1
3.6
1
3.0
1
1
4.0
1
3
15.8
2.6
Comments
The decrease in the input of associated professor observed after 1999 is related to the sudden death of Prof. Rosario
Maggiore, who was the former director of this Unit.
1.Funding
5.1
Personnel (in fte)
Source
University
CNR
European Union
Other Sponsors
Total
1997
2.6
1998
2.6
1999
3.6
2000
3.0
2001
4.0
Total
15.8
2.6
2.6
3.6
3.0
4.0
15.8
1.3Materials and Equipment (in Million Lire)
Source
CNR
EU
Other Sponsor
Total
1.3Comments:
1997
26.0
10.0
1998
24.3
8.0
1999
89.0
8.0
2000
226.0
2001
191.2
Total
556.5
26.0
36
32.3
97.0
226.0
191.2
582.5
277
• On the figures
All the staff is paid by the University. No administrative or technician personnel works specifically for the group. For
this reason the academic staff has to take care also of technical and administrative matters.
* On the funding policy
Most of the funds came from the Minister of University and Scientific and Technological Research (MURST). A
substantial increase in the funds obtained for materials and equipments can be observed along the 5 years considered.
This is due to two projects of relevant national interest, funded respectively in 1999 and 2001, and one project in the
framework of Act 488/96 coordinated by INCA (known as the Depressed Areas Law), funded during 2000-2001.
Progress Report
1.3Mission Stateman
The Unit works essentially in the fields of industrial and environmental catalysis. The research of the team is mainly
devoted to applied topics, with a particular attention to the problems of the petrochemical industries located in the
nearby. Often this cooperation allows several graduating students to carry out their Master’s Thesis directly in the
Industries. Relating to the environmental applications of the catalysis the members of the Unit are actively involved in
some projects of the INCA.
1.4The Research
Over the last few years this Unit has been involved in several research topics, essentially concerning the heterogeneous
catalysis field. The main topics, concerning environmental and industrial application of heterogeneous catalysis, that
the Unit intends to further develop in the next future, are briefly discussed below.
1. Catalytic oxidation of CO and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
CO oxidation at room temperature is obtaining growing attention due to some important practical applications, such as
CO and O2 recombination in close-cycle CO2 lasers and CO abatement in air purification systems. In this research the
use of highly dispersed Au/Fe2O3 catalysts prepared by coprecipitation has been investigated. This system has been
found to be one of the most active towards the CO oxidation with a complete conversion to CO2 even at –70°C.
Au/Fe2O3 has been also used, with good results, in the oxidation of some volatile organic compounds (acetone,
methanol, isopropyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol and toluene). For this reaction, however, the best catalytic performances
have been found with Au/CeO2 catalysts. The high activity of this system has been related to the capacity of gold
nanoparticles to weaken the surface Ce-O bonds adjacent to Au atoms, thus enhancing the reactivity of the CeO2
surface capping oxygen which is involved in the volatile organic compounds oxidation through a Mars-van Krevelen
reaction mechanism.
The catalytic combustion of chlorinated VOC has been also investigated over various supported Pt samples. It has been
found that Pt/zeolite samples can be suitable catalysts for the combustion of chlorinated aromatics. In particular
Pt/ZSM5 and Pt/ferrierite appears to be the best catalysts considering that on these system the formation of
polychlorinated aromatics is hindered.
2. Alternative usage of CO2: CO2-reforming of methane and CO2 methanation
Recently the recovery and the transformation of CO2 in useful industrial products attracted the attention of the
researchers due to the strong increase in CO2 emissions from all combustion processes (power plants, car engines, etc.).
CO2 is, in fact, one of the responsible of the greenhouse effect. In this laboratory the following two processes have been
studied:
a) the reforming of methane with CO2 (dry-reforming);
b) the selective hydrogenation of CO2 to methane (methanation).
In particular dry-reforming seems to be a very interesting reaction because it is possible to obtain a syngas with a
CO/H2 ratio around 1, adapt for olefin hydroformylation.
The catalytic systems used for these reactions have been Ru, Ni, Ir, Rh and Pt mono and bimetallic supported catalysts.
The main goal of this research is to stabilize the catalytic system minimizing the formation of inactive carbonaceous
species.
3. NOx Catalytic removal
Recently selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitric oxide with reductants alternative to ammonia has attracted much
attention both from an academic and an industrial point of view. The aim of the present research was to examine the
use of hydrocarbons, such as propene, ethane and methane, as reductants in the SCR of NO over different catalysts. In
particular several molybdates and different metals (Co, Cu, Rh, Pt) supported on ZSM5 zeolite and on activated
carbons have been used as catalysts, with the purpose to improve the catalytic performance of the system both in terms
278
of activity under oxidizing conditions and stability in the presence of water and sulphur dioxide. Moreover the research
intends to provide more insight into the broader question of the mechanism of the selective reduction of nitric oxide.
4. Selective hydrogenations of industrial interest
a) hydrogenation of phenol to cyclohexanone
Cyclohexanone is a very important intermediate in the production of ε-caprolactam, which is used in the manufacture
of nylon 6. Nowadays the one-step process for the production of cyclohexanone by selective hydrogenation of phenol
tends to replace the old two-step process via cyclohexanohol. The study is devoted to evaluate the effective role of
alkali and alkali-earth promoters on the catalytic performance of supported palladium catalysts towards this reaction.
Moreover the influence of the acid-base properties of the support have been taken into consideration in order to
improve activity, selectivity to cyclohexanone and stability of the catalysts.
b) hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes
The selective hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes to the corresponding unsaturated alcohols is a reaction of
great interest in Fine Chemistry due to the fact that unsaturated alcohols are valuable intermediates in the
production of perfumes, flavourings and pharmaceuticals. It is well known that the selectivity to the unsaturated
alcohol depends on the metal used. In particular Ir and Os are rather selective, whereas Pd, Rh and Ni are
unselective. Pt, Ru and Co present an intermediate behaviour, which can be greatly influenced by various factors. In
fact, the selectivity of Pt, Ru and Co can be strongly affected by the metal particles size, the characteristics of the
support (steric or electronic effects), the solvent used (for liquid phase reactions), the presence of suitable promoters
(Lewis acids and bases, metallic ions). In this context our research aim to investigate the relative importance of all
the above discussed factors in order to elucidate the reaction mechanism. More recently we have investigated the
possibility of using gold catalysts for this reaction. Preliminary results have shown that Au/metal oxides can present
high selectivities to unsaturated alcohols, however depending on preparation and pretreatment conditions of the
catalytic system. A detailed study for elucidating this aspect is now in progress.
5. Preparation, functionalization and applications of activated carbons
In this research activated carbons have been prepared starting from different vegetable wastes, as peach stones, almond
shell and exhausted olive husks. These activated carbons have been also modified through a functionalization process
with acids or bases in order to obtain suitable materials for practical environmental applications such as adsorbents of
specific pollutants (i.e. aflatoxins) or supports for catalysts to be used in the removal of gaseous pollutants.
6.1
The Unit collaborates with other research groups working in the same Department. This is confirmed by several
publications written in collaboration with researchers working in Organic chemistry (Prof. G.Musumarra), Physical
Chemistry (Dr. G.Compagnini) and Biochemistry (Prof. D.Condorelli).
Active collaborations with other Italian research teams have been also established, in particular with the group of Prof.
S.Galvagno (University of Messina), Prof. S.Cataliotti (University of Perugia) and Prof. G.Vasapollo (University of
Lecce), confirmed by publications in collaboration. Moreover the Unit collaborates with the group of Prof. B.Corain
(University of Padua), as confirmed by two projects of relevant national interest, funded respectively in 1999 and 2001.
An international cooperation has been also established with the Catalysis Group of the Queen’s University of Belfast
(U.K.) in particular with the head of the group, Prof. Robbie Burch.
The Unit is also linked with several important local Industries located in the eastern Sicily in the industrial zone of
Catania (Cyanamid), Siracusa (Enichem, Agip, Isab) and Gela (Enichem). One of the members of the group (Dr.
Crisafulli) has been consultant, on behalf of the Department, for Enichem concerning problems of mercury in
wastewaters and for Cyanamid concerning the optimization of separation and recovery of pharmaceutical compounds
by means of polymeric resins. Dr. Scirè has been involved in a research project with ISAB concerning the application
of multivariate analysis to the characterization of gasolines and gasoils through NIR spectroscopy. The cooperation
with the local industry has permitted some students to work for the Master‘s thesis directly in the industry.
6.2
The research topics carried out from the Unit of Environmental and Industrial Catalysis present a high relevance for a
better quality of the environment. In fact, the study has been devoted both to the improvement of techniques of
pollutants removal and to the introduction of newer and less polluting industrial chemical processes. The contribution
of the Unit clearly appears in the Scientific Publications and the Master’s Thesis of the last five years, which are
reported later on.
6.3
The major scientific and professional honours of the members of the Unit are listed below:
Dr. C.Crisafulli:
279
- He is member of Italian Association of Zeolite and Italian Chemical Society.
Dr. S.Scirè:
- He earned a CNR grant in 1993, working for one year in the Catalysis Research Group laboratories, under the
direction of Prof. Robert Burch at the University of Reading (GB), carrying out a research in the field of environmental
catalysis. He is member of some scientific associations (Italian Association of Zeolite, Italian Chemical Society). From
1995 to 2000 he was member of the board of the Sicily Section of Italian Chemical Society, being the Secretary from
1998 to 2000. Since 1997 to now he is the Secretary of the Professional Order of Chemists of Catania. He is referee of
some international journals dealing with catalysis (Appl. Catal., Catal. Lett.).
Prof. G. Toscano:
- He is the Director of the University Bulletin of Catania University
6.4
Key Publication
1.S.Minicò, S.Scirè, C.Crisafulli, S.Galvagno, “INFLUENCE OF CATALYST PRETREATMENTS ON
VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS OXIDATION OVER GOLD/IRON OXIDE ”, Appl.Catal. B:
Environmental 34, 277 (2001).
2.S.Minicò, S.Scirè, C.Crisafulli, R.Maggiore, S.Galvagno, “CATALYTIC COMBUSTION OF VOLATILE
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ON GOLD CATALYSTS” Appl.Catal. B:Environmental 28, 245 (2000).
3.C.Crisafulli, S.Scirè, R.Maggiore, S.Minicò, S.Galvagno “CO2 REFORMING OF METHANE OVER Ni-Ru
AND Ni-Pd BIMETALLIC CATALYSTS”, Catal.Lett. 591, 21 (1999).
4.S.Minicò, S.Scirè, C.Crisafulli, A.M.Visco and S.Galvagno, "FT-IR STUDY OF Au/Fe2O3 CATALYSTS FOR
CO OXIDATION AT LOW TEMPERATURE", Catal. Lett. 47, 273 (1997).
5.R.Burch and S.Scirè, "SELECTIVE CATALYTIC REDUCTION OF NITRIC OXIDE WITH ETHANE AND
METHANE ON SOME METAL EXCHANGED ZSM-5 ZEOLITES," Appl.Catal. B:Environmental 3, 295
(1994).
6.Scientific Output
6.3Publication Policy
The scientific papers, all based on experimental researches, are published on relevant international journals specialized
in the field of industrial physical chemistry.
The great didactic and organizational effort made from all the members of the Unit, due to the rapid and deep change
taking place in the italian universities, probably is responsible for a delay in the publication of all results collected
during these years as pointed out from the large number of Master’s Thesis. Anyway it must be underlined that the
productivity of the group is growing up as pointed out by the number of paper published during 2001 (6 papers) and in
the first six months of 2002 (6 papers published or in press).
6.4Numerical data
Category
PhD-Dissertation
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
Total
ScientificPublications
1
4
1
2
6
14
3
6
4
6
4
23
Master’s Theses
280
1.Self-evaluation
The major strength of the Unit is related to the long experience of each member in the field of the industrial catalysis.
This gives to the Unit the right qualification to approach the most recent environmental problems. The scientific and
technical know-how of the group covers several aspects of the industrial chemistry, ranging from the preparation and
the physical–chemistry characterization of the catalysts to the set-up of pilot plants. For this reason the Unit is rather
solid and able to give practical answers to a variety of applied questions. This aspect has been further strengthened by
the presence of chemical industries in the local area. However it must be underlined that the technology transfer of the
results is rather limited. The chemical companies seems to be, infact, more interested in the basic knowledge of the
group and in the training of the chemistry graduates.
The research Unit is composed by an average number of ten people (staff and graduating students). No change in the
Unit is expected for the near future for the reasons discussed in the Comments of Section 3.
During last three years the Unit established several collaborations with other Italian research teams (University of
Messina, Perugia, Lecce, Palermo, Padua) which allowed some common research projects to be funded, thus resulting
in a relevant increase in funds for materials and equipment and in the scientific productivity of the group.
Appendix 1
Scientific Output
I.1
Overview of Dissertation and Master’s Thesis (1997-2001)
I.1.1
Dissertation
I.1.2
Master’s Thesis
Year
Supervisor
1997
Lorenti Simona
Dr. S.Scirè
1997
Campione Alberto
1997
Munafò Pietro
1998
Lo Faro Alessandro
1998
Blanco Ignazio
1998
Dragotta Salvatore
1998
Papale Francesco
1998
Nicolini Annalisa
Spettroscopia FT-IR nello studio di catalizzatori
bimetallici supportati.
FT-IR spectroscopy for the study of supported
bimetallic catalysts
Ossidazione catalitica su catalizzatori Au/Fe2O3.
Catalytic oxidation over Au/Fe2O3 catalysts.
Idrogenazione di fenolo a cicloesanone:
influenza delle proprietà acido-base del sistema
catalitico.
Phenol hydrogenation to cyclohexanone:
influence of the acid-base properties of the
catalytic system.
Reforming del metano con CO2 su catalizzatori
bimetallici a base di nichel
Reforming of methane with CO2 on nickelbased bimetallic catalysts
Abbattimento catalitico di NOx su Molibdato di
magnesio
Catalytic removal of NOx over magnesium
molibdate
Abbattimento catalitico di NOx su carboni attivi
Catalytic removal of NOx on activated carbons
Catalizzatori Au/Fe2O3 nell'ossidazione di VOC
Au/Fe2O3 catalysts in VOC oxidation
Catalizzatori bimetallici nell'idrogenazione
selettiva di citrale e di aldeide cinnammica
Bimetallic
catalysts
for
the
selective
hydrogenation of citral and cynnamic aldehyde
Dr. C.Crisafulli
Dr. S.Scirè
Dr. C. Crisafulli
Prof. R. Maggiore
Prof. R. Maggiore
Dr. C. Crisafulli
Dr. S. Scirè
281
1998
Solarino Gianfranco
1999
Lanza Amerigo
1999
Spadaro Michele
1999
Trovato Giuseppe
1999
Alba Fulvio
2000
Burgio Giuseppe
2000
Avarino Giovanna
2000
Messina Paolo
2000
Omeri Linda
2000
Gulino Giuseppe
2000
Ternullo Concetta
2001
Di Stefano Carmelo
2001
Battiato Salvatore
2001
Scicolone Gianfilippo
Riduzione delle emissioni di NOx da forni di
raffineria mediante l'impiego di bruciatori
LowNOx
LowNOx burners for the abatement of NOx
emissions of refinery furnaces
Effetto del pretrattamento in catalizzatori
Au/Fe2O3 per l'ossidazione di VOC
Pretreatment effect of Au/Fe2O3 catalysts
towards VOC oxidation
Carboni attivi ed abbattimento di ossidi di azoto
Activated carbons and removal of nitric oxides
Effetto dell'iniezione d'acqua sulla produzione di
inquinanti allo scarico di un motore CFR Cetane
Effect of water injection on pollutant production
of a CFR Cetane engine
Abbattimento catalitico di NOx su ossido di
molibdeno
Catalytic removal of NOx over molibdenum
oxide
Ossidazione catalitica di composti organici
volatili
Catalytic oxidation of volatile organic
compounds
Influenza del supporto nella reazione di dry
reforming del metano
Influence of the support on dry reforming of
methane
Caratterizzazione FT-IR di catalizzatori
metallici
supportati
per
reazioni
di
idrogenazione selettiva
FT-IR characterization of supported metal
catalysts for selective hydrogenation reactions
Caratterizzazione di catalizzatori metallici
supportati per l’idrogenazione selettiva di
aldeidi α,β-insature
Characterization of supported metal catalysts for
the selective hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated
aldehydes
Studio
di
catalizzatori
metallici
per
l’idrogenazione selettiva di crotonaldeide
Study of metal catalysts for the selective
hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde
Studio di compatibilità degli scarichi idrici di
nuove utenze industriali con il sistema
centralizzato di depurazione I.A.S.
Study of compatibility between water industrial
wastes and I.A.S. purification plant
Catalizzatori a base di oro per applicazioni in
campo ambientale
Gold catalysts for environmental applications
Rimozione di NOx su catalizzatori metallici
supportati su carboni attivi
NOx removal over metal catalysts supported on
activated carbons
Idrogenazione di aldeidi α,β-insature su
catalizzatori metallici supportati su resine
organiche di sintesi
Hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes
over metal catalysts supported on syntetic
Prof. R. Maggiore
Dr. C. Crisafulli
Prof. R. Maggiore
Prof. R. Maggiore
Prof. R. Maggiore
Dr. S. Scirè
Dr. C. Crisafulli
Dr. S. Scirè
Dr. C. Crisafulli
Dr. C. Crisafulli
Prof. L. Solarino
Dr. C. Crisafulli
Dr. S. Scirè
Dr. C. Crisafulli
282
2001
I.2
Gabriele Campisi Marcella
organic resins
Ossidazione catalitica di composti organici Dr. S. Scirè
volatili su Au/ossidi metallici
Catalytic oxidation of volatile organic
compounds on Au/metal oxides
Overview of Scientific Publications (since 1997)
1.S.Minicò, S.Scirè, C.Crisafulli, A.M.Visco, S.Galvagno, "FT-IR STUDY OF Au/Fe2O3 CATALYSTS FOR CO
OXIDATION AT LOW TEMPERATURE", Catal. Lett. 47, 273 (1997).
2.S.Scirè, C.Crisafulli, R.Maggiore, S.Minicò, S.Galvagno “INFLUENCE OF THE SUPPORT ON CO2
METHANATION OVER Ru CATALYSTS: AN FT-IR STUDY”, Catal.Lett. 51, 41 (1998).
3.M.G.Musolino, G.Neri, C.Milone, S.Minicò, S.Galvagno “LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHIC SEPARATION OF
INTERMEDIATES OF THE CATALYTIC HYDROGENATION OF 2,4-DINITROTOLUENE“,
J.Cromatography A 818, 123 (1998).
4.C.Milone, C.Gangemi, S.Minicò, S.Galvagno, G.Neri “SELECTIVE HYDROGENATION OF CITRONELLAL
INTO MENTHOLS ON Ru SUPPORTED CATALYSTS“, in “Catalysis of Organic Reactions“ (Marcel Dekker
Editor, New York, 1998) pag. 571.
5.S.Scirè, C.Crisafulli, R.Maggiore, S.Minicò, S.Galvagno “EFFECT OF THE ACID-BASE PROPERTIES OF
Pd-Ca/Al2O3 CATALYSTS ON THE SELECTIVE HYDROGENATION OF PHENOL TO
CYCLOHEXANONE”, Appl.Surf Sci. 136, 311 (1998).
6.C.Crisafulli, S.Scirè, R.Maggiore, S.Minicò, S.Galvagno “CO2 REFORMING OF METHANE OVER Ni-Ru
AND Ni-Pd BIMETALLIC CATALYSTS”, Catal.Lett. 591, 21 (1999).
7.S.Minicò, S.Scirè, C.Crisafulli, R.Maggiore, S.Galvagno, “CATALYTIC COMBUSTION OF VOLATILE
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ON GOLD CATALYSTS” Appl.Catal. B:Environmental 28, 245 (2000).
8.G.Musumarra, D.F.Condorelli, S.Scirè, A.S.Costa, M.Fichera, “A MULTIVARIATE INSIGHT INTO THE IN
VITRO ANTITUMOUR SCREEN NCI DATABASE”, Clinical Cancer Research 6, 155 Suppl. S (2000).
9.S.Scirè, S.Minicò, C.Crisafulli, S.Galvagno, “CATALYTIC COMBUSTION OF VOLATILE ORGANIC
COMPOUNDS OVER GROUP IB METAL CATALYSTS ON Fe2O3”, Catal. Commun. 2, 229 (2001).
10.S.Minicò, S.Scirè, C.Crisafulli, S.Galvagno, “INFLUENCE OF CATALYST PRETREATMENTS ON
VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS OXIDATION OVER GOLD/IRON OXIDE ”, Appl.Catal. B:
Environmental 34, 277 (2001).
11.R.S.Cataliotti, G.Compagnini, C.Crisafulli, S.Minicò, B.Pignataro, P.Sassi, S.Scirè, “LOW-FREQUENCY
MODES AND ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY FOR THE SIZE DETERMINATION OF THE CATALYTIC
GOLD CLUSTERS SUPPORTED ON IRON OXIDE”, Surf.Sci. 494, 75 (2001).
12.G.Musumarra, S.Scirè, “MODDE 5.0 SOFTWARE REVIEW”, J.of Chemometrics, 15, 199 (2001).
1.G.Musumarra, D.F.Condorelli, S.Scirè, A.S.Costa, “SHORTCUTS IN GENOME-SCALE CANCER
PHARMACOLOGY RESEARCH FROM MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OF THE NATIONAL CANCER
INSTITUTE GENE EXPRESSION DATABASE”, Biochemical Pharmacology 62, 547 (2001).
2.S.Scirè, G.Musumarra, D.F.Condorelli, C.G.Fortuna, “POTENTIALITIES OF THE PLS APPROACH IN
GENOME-SCALE CANCER PHARMACOLOGY RESEARCH”, Clinical Cancer Research Vol. 7, No 11 (2001).
3.C.Crisafulli, S.Scirè, S.Minicò, L.Solarino, “Ni-Ru BIMETALLIC CATALYSTS FOR THE CO2 REFORMING
OF METHANE”, Appl.Catal A: General 225, 1 (2002).
283
4.V.Barresi, D.F.Condorelli, C.G.Fortuna, G.Musumarra, S.Scirè, “IN VITRO ANTITUMOR ACTIVITIES OF
2,6-DI-[2-(HETEROARYL)VINYL]PYRIDINES AND PYRIDINIUMS”, Biorg. & Med. Chem., 10, 2899 (2002).
5.S.Scirè, S.Minicò, C.Crisafulli, “SELECTIVE HYDROGENATION OF PHENOL TO CYCLOHEXANONE
OVER SUPPORTED Pd AND Pd-Ca CATALYSTS AN INVESTIGATION ON THE INFLUENCE OF
DIFFERENT SUPPORTS AND Pd PRECURSORS”, Appl. Catal. A: General, in press (2002).
6.S.Scirè,
S.Minicò,
C.Crisafulli,
G.Burgio,
V.Giuffrida,
“CATALYTIC
COMBUSTION
CHLOROBENZENE OVER Pt/ZEOLITE CATALYSTS”, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., in press (2002).
OF
7.S.Minicò, S.Scirè, C.Crisafulli, C.Satriano, A.Pistone, “CATALYTIC COMBUSTION OF VOLATILE
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ON GOLD/CERIUM OXIDE CATALYSTS”, Appl. Catal. B: Environmental, in press
(2002).
8.A.M.Maffei,
G.Mele,
G.Ciccarella,
G.Vasapollo,
C.Crisafulli,
S.Scirè,
F.P.
La
Mantia,
“CYCLOCARBONYLATION REACTIONS OF ALLYLPHENOLS AND ALLYLNAPHTOLS CATALYZED
BY PD/C-DPPB”, Applied Organometallic Chemistry, in press (2002)
Appendix II
Name of the Unit:
Environmental and Industrial Catalysis (Department of Chemical Sciences, University of
Catania)
Research Director:
Year included
1997-2001
Name of Journal
Catalysis Letters
Applied Catalysis B:Environmental
Applied Surface Science
Catalysis Communication
Surface Science
Journal of Chemometrics
Clinical Cancer Research
Biochemical Pharmacology
Number
Articles
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
of Journal
Impact
factor (2001)
1.852
3.643
1.068
2.189
2.793
1.845
5.076
3.340
Field(S)
Ranking
Chemistry Physical
Chemistry Physical
Chemistry Physical
Chemistry Physical
Oncology
Biochemistry
&
Molecular Biology
33/93
13/93
58/93
28/93
6/68
19/68
9/107
81/308
Comments on:
a) the method
This method of evaluation of the scientific productivity can not be considered valid “per se”. However it is at the
moment the only one which can supply an objective and homogeneous element of evaluation.
b) the result
284
The average impact coefficient of the articles published during these 5 years is 2.85. All publications except one are in
the first half of each specific field. It must be noted that Catalysis Communication do not yet possess an impact factor
due to the fact that publication of this journal started in 2001.
285
CATANIA 7
Research Leader
Prof Antonino Corsaro
Catania (Chimica Organica)
Catania (Organici Chemistry)
University (In Italian and English)
Università degli Studi di Catania
Contact Person
:
Faculty (In Italian and English):
Name: Antonino Corsaro
Mailing Address: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
Viale A. Doria, 6 – 95125 Catania
Phone: 095 - 7385017
Fax: 095 - 580138
Faculty of Pharmacy
Department (In Italian and English):
Department of Chemical Science
Thematic area
• Sintesi ecosostenibili (solventi, fotochimica, catalisi, riciclo
e altre).
• Chimica degli ecosistemi (chimica del suolo, delle acque e
dell’aria; impatto dei prodotti di sintesi sull’ambiente).
This report has been produced by two components of the unit. They have deduced information from the other
components to whom the questionnaire, provided by Consortium, was submitted.
The unit has proposed itself in environmental chemistry for a few years attending of researches within chemical
properties of polycyclic aromatic compounds, recycling of agro-industrial wastes and recently, alternative energetic
methods in organic syntheses. In the past years, the interest of the unit was focused on the syntheses of heterocyclic
compounds with biological and pharmaceutical activities.
Caltanissetta, Siracusa and Ragusa). The high percentage of students coming from districts other than Catania has
The University of Catania is the 2nd university of Italy to have filed a report for the Quality Audit Programme of the
Conference of European Rectors; moreover it was also one of the first universities to participate to the INCA
consortium.
The total teaching staff of the university is composed of 1506 members, of which 316 are members of the Faculty of
Sciences. The Department of Chemical Sciences is the largest Department of the University of Catania in terms of staff,
with 86 professors and researchers and 37 technicians and administratives.
286
The research activities of the Department cover all the most important chemical areas (organic, inorganic, analytic,
industrial, physical and biological). The Department is involved in several EU projects, in cooperative projects with
national and international institutions and is strictly linked to the main local industries.
The Department supports the research groups through its technical and administrative services, providing
sophisticated equipment and a well-furnished library.
The Unit
The reasearch unit of INCA is directed by Prof. Antonino Corsaro and it is actually composed by a full professor
(Prof. Ugo Chiacchio), an associated professor (Prof. Antonino Corsaro), a researcher (Dr. Antonio Rescifina), an
“assegnista” (Dr. Venerando Pistarà) and a variable number of PhD-students and graduating students.
• teaching load
Two professors and a researcher are involved in the teaching of several courses of organic chemistry
concerning degree courses of pharmacy, pharmaceutical chemistry and technology, scientific information on
drugs and environmental toxicology of the faculty of Pharmacy.
•
Numbers of PhD-students, etc.
On the whole, the number of students is about 350 per annum.
1
Title: Reactivity of polycyclic aromatic compounds and recycling of carbohydrates from the
whey.
2
Research Leader: Prof. Antonino Corsaro
3
Remarks
Names and Titles
Year of Rank
Research
Birth
Input in fte
in 2001
Antonino Corsaro, Dr
1945
Asociated
0.5
Vice-Director of the Department
Professor
Ugo Chiacchio, Dr
1948
Full Professor 0.2
Antonio Rescifina, Dr
1965
ConfirmedRes 0.4
earcher
Venerando Pistarà, Dr
1966
Assegnista
0.6
Roberto Adamo, Dr
1973
PhD Student
1.0
After 1997
2.8
The unit has always been of the same consistency because new persons are followed one another to occupy the
posts of PhD-students. Often, however, the number of PhD-students is become double, but someone of these has
not concluded his period of doctorate because he has assumed a steady position or enter upon an industry. The
unit relies on the increase of a persons the consistency of the group through a contract sponsored by INCA
funds.
4
1997
Category
Full Professors
0.7
Ricercatori
Post-docs
PhD-students
0.8
1.5
1998
1999
2000
2001
Total
0.2
3.3
1.6
1.6
5.6
.7
0.4
.7
0.4
.7
0.4
0.2
.5
0.4
0.8
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
287
Borsisti/Assegnista
Total
5
Funding
5.1
Personnel (in fte)
Source
University
CNR
European Union
Other Sponsors
Total
5.2
2.9
0.6
2.7
0.6
2.7
0.6
2.7
1.8
14.1
1997
3.1
1998
3.0
1999
2.8
2000
2.8
2001
2.8
Total
14.5
3.1
3.0
2.8
2.8
2.8
14.5
1999
29
2000
59
2001
61
34
Total
209
34
29
150
209
50
145
200
443
Source
University - MURST
CNR
EU
Other Sponsors
Total
5.3
3
1997
32
32
1998
28
28
Comments:
• On the figures: The majority of the staff is paid by the university, which supports PhD-students. No
administrative personnel works specifically for the group and then the academic group is obliged to take care of
administrative matter, since the department administrative personnel is not sufficient to take care of the research
group.
• On the funding policy: Every year the unit receives about the same consistent funds from the university in
relation to its publications. Recently, other funds have come from CNR, MIUR for a program of scientific research
of prominent national interest, the consultancy of Wyeth Lederle S.P.A. through Consorzio Interunivesitario
Nazionale “Metodologie e Processi Innovativi di Sintesi” and finally from Consorzio INCA for a project within the
framework of Act 488/96 (known as the Depressed Areas Law). For the next future the unit has applied for funds
from the same institutes and it is expected to receive them.
1.Progress Report
The mission statement of the unit concerns the definition of new methods for the exploitation and valorization of
the sugar portion of agro-industrial wastes, such as the whey. Particularly, the unit intends to develop synthetic and
eco-compatible methodologies to enter to several classes of drugs or their structural analogues in an economically
competitive way. The development of synthetic methods for new derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
is an other theme of interest since several years.
Inside INCA, the ambition of the unit is promote this type of research, which attracts scant attention, integrating
this with appropriate technological knowledge in order to interest other groups of research.
Outside INCA, the unit is always present and very active with its programs on sustainable chemistry proposed to
regional and national authorities and industries, with its educational and training programs and its consultancy.
The principal theme of the research concerns the chemical valorization of the agro-industrial wastes. In this theme, the
unit ha considered the possibility to use greater amounts of lactose, present in the whey, to increase its market value and
then to extend, optimize and to generalize the recycling processes of the whey and to reduce notably the negative
288
environmental effects. The annual production of the lactose in the EC is estimated in half million tons approximately,
and its market price is very cheap (about 600 ECU/ton).
The industrial use of the lactose, currently limited to pharmaceutical industry, is developed into two directions: as such,
as excipient and diluent for capsules in the drug production, and as hepatoprotector and laxative, after chemical
transformation in lactulose and lactilol, respectively. In comparison with other industrially produced disaccharide, such
as cellobiose and maltose, containing only D-glucopyranose moiety, the presence of an axial hydroxyl group in the 4’position of the D-galactopyranoside moiety, facilitates the processes of selective protection and functionalization, even
if until today, these processes have been study rarely and without the indispensable method. On the basis of these
premises, the following general objectives for the chemical valorization of the lactose can be defined:
2.transformation of lactose into complexes di- and oligosaccharides with biological and pharmaceutical
interest;
3.simplification of the lactose hyperfunctionality and synthesis of chiral derivatives with different substituents
as chiral building blocks for the fine chemistry;
4.increment of the hydrosolubility of compound with hydrophobic property diffusely used in industrial
processes, by conjugation to the lactose through the formation of specific covalent bond
For these reasons, the research activity of the group has been devoted to the realization and the optimization of a new
synthetic approach for the hydrolysis of a totally protected lactose derivative, which affords L-arabino-aldohexos-5ulose, a monosaccharide belonging to one class of carbohydrate which has received poor attention. This derivative
through an intermolecular aldol condensation affords one inosose that by stereoselective reduction gives two rare and
unnatural inositols, muco- and epi-inositol, a group of carbocyclic analogues of monosaccharides with remarkable
importance for their biological property.
Subsequently has been lead a study about the epimerization of the 4,5-unsaturated intermediate of the lactose which
affords L-lixo-aldohexos-5-ulose, through a protection/deprotection and oxidation/reduction sequences. L-Lixoaldohexos-5-ulose was then subjected to intramolecular aldol condensation and successive stereoselective reduction, to
give allo- (a exclusively synthetic inositol) and D-chiro-inositol.
The future objectives regard the possibility to extend the aldol condensation to the others two series of the 1,5dicarbonil derivative, obtainable from the protected lactose derivative through an epimerization process, in order to
verify the selectivity of the condensation and the possibility to obtain others inososes and from everyone of these the
corresponding two inositols by stereoselective reduction.
Also, the transformation of inosose into inosamine for reaction with hydroxylamine hydrochloride and successive
reduction of the intermediate oxime will be studied, together with the enzymatic desimmetrization of the symmetrical
inososes. Moreover, will be examined the reactivity of the double bond in 4,5-position, in cyclopropanation and 1,3dipolar cicloaddition reactions in comparison with that one of the double bond in 1,2-position that has been extensively
studied.
Finally, within research program regarding the synthesis of modified nucleosides in the sugar moiety, carried out from
several years with success, the unit will be defined intramolecolar 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition processes of unsaturated
nitrile oxides or nitrones, starting from lactose and using the opening reaction of the sugar ring in an olefinic aldehyde
with the Vasella’s method, followed by the conversion of the aldehyde in the corresponding oxime. These processes
leads to enantiomerically pure polyhydroxylated cyclopentanes, or cyclopentanes with an aminic group instead of
hydroxyl group, by hydrogenolysis of the isoxazolidine bicyclic derivative obtained by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition
reaction.
The second theme of research rests in the reactivity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In the last years we
are interested in the study of the reactivity of PAHs towards 1,3-dipolar systems in order to find their new derivatives
for their potential use in the environmental chemistry. While the reactivity of PAHs as 4?-components in the DielsAlder reactions has been extensively studied, their dipolarofihicity has attracted scant attention.
Recently, our interest focused in reactions of some PAHs with nitrile oxides under classical heating. We found that, in
contrast with an predictable chemical inertia towards the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction owing to the loss of
aromaticity, PAHs add nitrile oxides to give mono- and bis-cycloadducts with moderate yields. When the same
reactions were performed under microwave irradiation in the absence of solvents, yields of cycloadducts increased of a
2-7.5 factor.
More recently, our researches have been extended to aza- and diaza-analogues of PAHs towards nitrile oxides with the
aim at comparing their reactivity with that of PAHs and examining the regiochemistry of the cycloaddition in relation
to the position of nitrogen atom(s) in the ring.
Next researches of the unit will be devoted to the study of reactions relative to the same and other PAHs and aza-PAHS
with other different 1,3-dipolar systems such as carbonyl ylides, imines and oxides.
•
289
For the development of this program of research, collaborations already exist with research groups of Department
Farmaco-Chimico, Department of Microbiology and that one of Pharmacology of the university of Catania, where all
the obtained compounds will be tested for their biological and pharmaceutical activities. Particularly, in the
Department Farmaco-Chimico studies will be devoted to the evaluation of the different methodologies exploited for
their vehiculation.
5.Regional co-operation
The unit collaborates with the university of Messina which has all the necessary competences, but in the next future the
unit foresees a further enlargement of this regional collaborations.
The unit partecipates to a Programma di Ricerca di Interesse Nazionale with other universities of several cities and to
the programs of INCA consortium.
The unit collaborates with the university of Saragoza (Spain) in the research project on the synthesis of modified
nucleosides and the unit is a component of an European network on nucleosides and nucleotides which sees the
participation of 15 European universities.
6.4
The social relevance of the research che svolge the unit emerge chiaramente dalle linee del 5 prgramma quadro della
European Community in which the enviromental studies are considered of fondamentale importance.
The impact of the unit is documented by the grants obtained from local industries and from MIUR
The results of the unit research are important within the world of the environmental impact and human health because
of the harmful effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and serious problems which are producing agro-industrial
wastes, which open new pathways for, not only, their reduction, but also for their use in the pharmaceutical field with
the return of huge benefits.
The training of young graduates aimed at working and proposing solutions in order to minimize the impact of PAHs,
because of their carcinogenic activity and to reduce the agro-industrial wastes, the controlled disposal of which
represents an important ecological problem.
5.3Key Publications
1. A New Route for the Chemical Valorisation of Lactose, A. Corsaro, G. Catelani, F. D’Andrea, S. Fisichella, M.
Mariani, and V. Pistarà, J. Environ. Sci. Poll. Res., DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1065/espr2001,12.104.2.
2. A New Highly Diasterereoselective Synthesis of epi-Inositol from D-Galactose, V. Pistarà, P. L. Barili, G. Catelani, A.
Corsaro, F. D'Andrea, and S. Fisichella, Tetrahedron Lett., 2000, 41, 3253.
3. An Unusual Route for the Regioselective Acylation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Nitrile Oxide Addition
Followed by Isoxazoline Degradation, A. Corsaro, U. Chiacchio, V. Librando, V. Pistarà, and A. Rescifina, Synthesis,
2000, 1469.
4. Homochiral ?-D- and ?-D-Isoxazolidinyl Thymidines Via 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition. U. Chiacchio, A. Corsaro,
G. Gumina, A. Rescifina, D. Iannazzo, A. Piperno, G. Romeo, and R. Romeo, J. Org. Chem., 1999, 64, 9321.
5. Steroselective Synthesis of 2’-Amino-2’,3’-dideoxynucleosides by Nitrone 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadfdition: a New
Efficient Entry toward d4T and its 2-Methyl Analogue, U. Chiacchio, A. Rescifina, D. Iannazzo, G. Romeo, J. Org.
Chem. 1999, 64, 28.
7.
Scientific Output
7.1
Publication Policy
In its publication policy, the unit has privileged quality over quantity. Then, the unit has tried to publish its results in
international journals of high scientific reputation and of broad readership. A little production concerning specific
themes of the environment and particularly, chemical properties of polyarenes and the recycling of the whey, has
regarded journals with lower impact factor. Recently, the unit has undertaken new applicatory projects which will lead,
with good probability, to some results that will be protected by filing patent.
The research activities are developed in connection with graduate theses and in these cases the student who performed
the work is co-author of the paper. In terms of number of dissertations of PhD-students, the productivity is poor. The
reason is that many students take the way of the work and don not conclude the doctorate period.
290
7.2
Numerical data
Category
PhD-Dissertations
1997
1
1998
1999
2000
1
2001
Total
2
7
6
5
6
10
34
Master’s Theses
3
2
3
4
2
13
8
Self-evaluation
The unit is a small one in terms of number of staff components in the steady position. All the members of the staff have
a strong organic chemistry background with somebody who is differentiating for devoting himself to physical organic
and computational chemistry and some others to more applied research in fundamental aspects of the environmental
area. The transformation into a group partially involved in the development of methodologies for environmental
chemistry is, however, still in progress.
Connections with other researchers, both at national and international level, have been developing and the wish of the
unit is that these will have a future growth in order to have the possibility to exchange information and experience.
Moreover, the unit holds that it is very important to improve the interactions with other chemical companies in order to
transfer the results to a large scale production.
The strength of the unit can be found in the number and quality of the scientific production. Publications are the
expressions of a valid and faithful organization of the unit.
Now, financial support is good and derives prevalently from the public. New funding must be searched and devoted to
the acquisition of new instrumentations.
Appendix I
Scientific Output
I-1
I.1.1 Dissertations
Year
1997
Ph.D Student
Giuseppe Gumina
Title of dissertation
Sintesi di derivati purinici e pirimidinici a potenziale azione antivirale
2000
Sonia Pedotti
Impiego ciclodestrine quali carriers per la realizzazione di prodrugs
I.1.2
Master's Thesis
Year
1999
Master’s Student
Debora
Carla
Pergolizzi
Maria Grazia Saita
1999
1999
2000
2000
2000
2000
Title of dissertation
Reazioni di cicloaddizione 1,3-dipolare del benzonitrilossido con il 2(1H)pirazinone e con i suoi derivati N- ed O-metilici
Sintesi enantioselettiva e diastereoselettiva di 4’-aza analoghi di 2’,3’dideossinucleosidi
Guglielma Vecchio Sintesi stereoselettiva di isossazolidiniltimine per cicloaddizione 1,3dipolare
Monica Lupo
Reazioni di cicloaddizione 1,3-dipolare di nitrilossidi con aza-fenantreni e
reazioni di apertura del nucleo diidroisossazolico dei corrispondenti addotti
Roberto Adamo
Sintesi di inositoli pre reazione di condensazione alcolica di composti 1,5dicarbonilici
Maria Concetta Rita Sintesi stereoselettiva di 4’-aza analoghi di 2’,3’-dideossinucleosidi
Siciliano
Giovanni Gambera Sintesi di nuovi ausiliari chinali analoghi al sultame di Oppolzer
Supervisor
Prof.
U.
Chiacchio
Prof. A. Corsaro
Supervisor
Prof. A. Corsaro
Prof.
U.
Chiacchio
Prof.
U.
Chiacchio
Prof. A. Corsaro
Prof. A. Corsaro
Prof.
Chiacchio
Prof.
Chiacchio
U.
U.
291
2001
2001
Maurizio Platania
Reazioni di cicloaddizione 1,3-dipolare di nitrilossidi con acridina
Prof. A. Corsaro
Rossella
Anita Esaidroisotiazolo[4,5-c]isossazolo-4,4-diossidi e loro utilizzo nella sintesi Prof.
U.
Sanfilippo
asimmetrica
Chiacchio
Please list the PhD-dissertation and Master's thesis supervised by the Unit. If the dissertation or theses title is written
in Italian, please add an English translation
I-2
1997
1.Comparison among active and passive samples for monitoring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons - V.
Librando, A. Corsaro and G. Perrini - Proceedings J. of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds, Charlotte Meeting
USA 1997, 16th Symposium, Part III 17, pp 241-254.
2.1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with Nitrile Oxides under
Microwave Irradiation in the Absence of Solvent. A. Corsaro, U. Chiacchio, V. Librando, S. Fisichella, and V.
Pistarà, Heterocycles, 1997, 45, 1567.
3.Stereoselective Synthesis of Isoxazole and Pyrazole Annulated Sultams Via Intramolecular 1,3-Dipolar
Cycloaddition Reactions, U. Chiacchio, A. Corsaro, G. Gumina, V. Pistarà, A. Rescifina, M. Alessi, A.
Piperno, G. Romeo, and R. Romeo Tetrahedron, 1997, 53,13855.
4.Monitoring Studies of Augusta Bay Marine Waters. Chiacchio, U.; Librando, V.; Magazzù, G. Enviromental
Monitoring and Assessment. 1977, 44, 383.
5.Ring-Opening of Carboxysubstituted Isoxazolidines: Synthesis of lactones and ?-hydroxy-?-lactams.
Chiacchio, U.; Rescifina, A.; Casuscelli, F.; Di Bella, M. R.; Ficarra, P.; Melardi, S.; Romeo, G. Gazz. Chim.
Ital. 1997, 121, 367.
6.Stereoselective Synthesis of Functionalized Five-, Six- and Seven-Membered Heterocyclic System Via
Intramolecular Cycloaddition of C-Alkenyl Nitrones and Nitrile Oxides. Chiacchio, U.; Rescifina, A.; Romeo,
G.. Targets in Heterocyclic Systems. Chemistry and Properties, Vol. 1, p 1997, 225-227.
7.Biomimetic Supramolecular Biophenol-Carbohydrate and Biophenol-Protein Models by NMR Experiments.
Bianco, A.; Chiacchio, U.; Rescifina, A.; Romeo, G.; Uccella, N. J. Agr. Food Chem. 1997, 45, 4281.
1998
1.The Reaction of Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds With “Activated Sulfur” (II). Formation of Cyclic
Disulfide and Polysulfides, U. Chiacchio, A. Corsaro, V. Pistarà, G. Purrello, and A. Rescifina, Heterocycles,
1998, 48, 41.
2.Cycloadditions of Mesitonitrile Oxide with Hydroxy- and Methoxy-Substituted Stilbenes. A Directing
Hydrogen Bonding Model, A. Corsaro, G. Buemi, U. Chiacchio, V. Pistarà, and A. Rescifina, Heterocycles,
1998, 48, 905.
3.Cycloaddition of Nitrile Oxides to Aza-Analogues of Phenanthrene, A. Corsaro, V. Librando, U. Chiacchio,
V. Pistarà, and A. Rescifina Tetrahedron, 1998, 54, 9187.
4.Conversion of the Thiocarbonyl Group into the Carbonyl Group, A. Corsaro and V. Pistarà, Tetrahedron,
1998, 54, 15027
5.The Reaction of Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds with "Activated Sulfur". Part 3. Reaction Course, U.
Chiacchio, A. Corsaro, V. Pistarà, A. Rescifina, and G. Purrello, Phosphorus, Sulfur and Silicon,1998,
134/135, 463.
6.A General Synthetic Approach to 5-Alkyl-2(5H)furanones Via 1,3-dipolar Cycloaddition. Chiacchio, U.;
Piperno, A.; Rescifina, A.; Romeo, G.; Uccella, N. Tetrahedron, 1998, 54, 5695.
1999
1.Stereoselective Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure Isoxazolidine-Fused ?-Lactams. U. Chiacchio, A.
Corsaro, A. Piperno, A. Rescifina, G. Romeo, and R. Romeo, Heterocycles, 1999, 51, 37.
2.Synthesis and Biological Activity of 1-, 2- or 3-Substituted Benzothieno[2,3d]triazole Derivatives Structurally
Related to Trazolone. F. Guerrera, C. Salerno, M. C. Sarvà, M. A. Siracusa, A. Corsaro, V. Pistarà, R Capasso, and
G. M.Raso, J. Heterocyclic Chem., 1999, 36, 549.
3.Stereoselective Synthesis of 2’-Amino-2’,3’-Dideoxynucleosides by Nitrone 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition: A
New Efficient Entry Towards d4T and 2-Methyl Analog. Chiacchio, U.; Iannazzo, D.; Rescifina, A.; Romeo,
G. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 28.
4.Homochiral ?-D- and ?-D-Isoxazolidinyl Thymidines Via 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition. U. Chiacchio, A.
Corsaro, G. Gumina, A. Rescifina, D. Iannazzo, A. Piperno, G. Romeo, and R. Romeo, J. Org. Chem., 1999,
64, 9321.
292
5.Comparison among Active and Passive Samplers for Monitoring Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, V.
Librando, A. Corsaro, and G. Perrini, Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds, 1999, 17, 241-254.
2000
1.1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions of Benzonitrile Oxide to 2(1H)-Pyrazinone and its N- and O-Methyl
Derivatives. A. Corsaro, U. Chiacchio, V. Pistarà, and G. Perrini, Heterocycles, 2000, 53, 69.
2.A New Highly Diasterereoselective Synthesis of epi-Inositol from D-Galactose, V. Pistarà, P. L. Barili, G. Catelani,
A. Corsaro, F. D'Andrea, and S. Fisichella, Tetrahedron Lett., 2000, 41, 3253.
3.Diastereoselective and Enantioselective Synthesis of 4’-Aza Analogues of 2’,3’-Dideoxynucleosides, U.
Chiacchio, A. Rescifina, A. Corsaro, V. Pistarà, G. Romeo, and R. Romeo, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry, 2000,
11, 2045.
4.Cycloadditions of Nitrile Oxides to ?,?-Unsaturated Aldehydes. Frontier Orbital Interactions and Secondary
Orbital Interactions at Work in Determining Regiochemistry. L. Toma, P. Quadrelli, G. Perrini, R. Gandolfi,
C. Di Valentin, A. Corsaro, and P. Caramella, Tetrahedron, 2000, 56, 4299.
5.Cycloadditions of Mesitonitrile Oxide with Amino- and Nitrostilbenes, A. Corsaro, U. Chiacchio, V. Pistarà, A.
Rescifina, and G. Buemi, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2, 2000, 1761.
6.An Unusual Route for the Regioselective Acylation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Nitrile Oxide
Addition Followed by Isoxazoline Degradation, A. Corsaro, U. Chiacchio, V. Librando, V. Pistarà, and A.
Rescifina, Synthesis, 2000, 1469.
2001
1.Diastereoselective Synthesis of N,O-Psiconucleosides via 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition, U. Chiacchio, A.
Corsaro, D. Iannazzo, A. Piperno, A. Rescifina, R. Romeo, and G. Romeo, Tetrahedron Lett., 2001, 42,
1777-1780.
2.Stereoselective Synthesis of Homochiral Annulated Sultams via Intramolecular Cycloaddition Reactions,
U. Chiacchio, A. Corsaro, A. Rescifina, M. Bkaithan, A. Piperno, T. Privitera, and G. Romeo, Tetrahedron,
2001, 57, 3425-3433.
3.A Stereoselective Approach to Isoxazolidinyl Nucleosides, U. Chiacchio, A. Corsaro, A. Rescifina, D.
Iannazzo, A. Piperno, and G. Romeo, Eur. J. Org. Chem., 2001, 1893-1898.
4.Regeneration of Carbonyl Compounds from the Corresponding Oximes, A. Corsaro, U. Chiacchio, and V.
Pistarà, Synthesis, 2001, 13, 1903-1931.
5.Biomembrane Model Interaction and Percutaneous Absorption of Papaverine Throught Rat Skin. Effects
of Cyclodextrins as penetration Enhancers, C. A. Ventura, M. Fresta, S. Pedotti, A. Corsaro, and G. Puglisi,
J. Drug Targeting, 2001, 9, 379-393
6.A New Route for the Chemical Valorisation of Lactose, A. Corsaro, G. Catelani, F. D’Andrea, S.
Fisichella,
M.
Mariani,
and
V.
Pistarà,
J.
Environ.
Sci.
Poll.
Res.,
DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1065/espr2001,12.104.2.
7.Enantioselective Synthesis of 4-Hydroxy-Dpyroglutamic Acid Derivatives by an Asymmetric 1,3-dipolar
Cycloaddition. Pedro Merino, Julia Revuelta, Tomas Tejero, Ugo Chiacchio, Antonio Rescifina, Anna
Piperno, Giovanni Romeo Tetrahedron Asymmetry 2002, 13, 167-172
8.Experimental and Theoretical Study of 1,3-dipolar Cycloadditio between D-Glyceraldehyde Nitrones and
Acrylates. Diastereoselective Approach to 4-Hydroxy Pyroglutamic Acid Derivatives. Pedro Merino, Juan
Mates, Julia Revuelta, Tomas Tejero, Ugo Chiacchio, Daniela Iannazzo, Giovanni Romeo Tetrahedron
Asymmetry 2002, 13, 173-190.
9.Chemo-,regio, and steroselective Mitsunobu reaction of unprotected pyrimidine bases with
hydroxypyrrolidines. Barbara Richichi, Stefano Cicchi, Ugo Chiacchio, Giovanni Romeo, Alberto Brandi,
10.Modified Nucleosides. A General and Diastereoselective Approach to N,O-Psiconucleosides, D.
Iannazzo, A. Piperno, V. Pistarà, A. rescifina, R. Romeo,Tetrahedron, 2002, 58, 581-587.
Appendix 3
Name of the Unit:
Research Director:
Years included
Catania (Organic Chemistry)
Prof. Antonino Corsaro
1997 - 2001
293
Name of Journal
J. Org. Chem.
Number
Articles
2
Tetrahedron
7
Tetrahedron Asymmetry
of Journal
Factor
3.689
Impact Field(s)
Ranking
Organic Chemistry
5/37
2.356
Organic Chemistry
11/37
3
2.797
Organic Chemistry
9/37
Tetrahedron Letters
3
2.558
Organic Chemistry
8/37
Eur. J. Org. Chem.
1
2.150
Organic Chemistry
Synthesis
2
2.193
Organic Chemistry
10/37
J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1
2
Heterocycles
5
1.770
Organic Chemistry
13/37
1.015
Organic Chemistry
24/37
J. Heterocyclic Chem.
1
0.781
Organic Chemistry
29/37
Polycyclic
Aromatic
Compounds
Phosphorous, Sulfur and
Silicon
J. Environ. Sci. Poll. Res.
Gazz. Chim. Italiana
Envir.
Monitoring
and
Assessment
J. Drug Targeting
2
1
Environmental Chemistry
0.308
Organic Chemistry
31/37
1
1
1
0.792
0.526
Chemistry
51/110
67/105
1
2.186
Medicinal Chemistry
Comments on:
a) the method: This method of evaluation of the scientific productivity can not be considered valid in absolute.
However it is, at the moment, the only one, which can supply an objective and homogenous element of evaluation
b) the results: The average impact coefficient of the articles published is 1.946. Only, some publications of the unit
have not cited impact factors because they fall in scientific areas of environment very specific. For this reason, the
unit’s publications in the examined years rank in journals of organic chemistry, and only very little areas are of
environmental chemistry.
294
COSENZA 1
Membrane e Processi a Membrana
Membrane and Membrane Processes
Research Leader
Prof. Enrico Drioli
Contact Person
University:
Università degli Studi della Calabria
University of Calabria
Faculty:
Facoltà di Ingegneria
Faculty of Engineering
Department:
Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica e dei Materiali
Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering
Name: Prof. Molinari Raffaele
Mailing Address: Dipartimento di Ingegneria
Chimica e dei Materiali – Università della
Calabria. I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
Phone: ++39-984-492090
Fax: ++39-984-492058
Thematic area
University of Calabria born in 1972. It is localized in South Italy, in Rende, province of Cosenza. The University is
composed of six Faculties: Economy, Political Sciences, Pharmacy, Engineering, Humanity, Matemathics, Physic
and Natural Sciences.
The number of students grow in the years reaching now about 30.000 that is the full capacity of the University
campus.
The Faculty of Engineering has eigth courses of Degree (Civil, Environment, Chemical, Management, Informatic,
Mechanical, Electronic, Building), master and PhD courses.
The Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering is one of the 23 Departments of the University of Calabria.
The Department was born in 1994 from the Department of Chemistry of which was the Chemical Engineering
Section.
The personnell is devided in:
teaching/research staff: 5 full professors; 6 associate professors; 4 researchers.
technical staff: 7 technicians.
administrative staff: 5 employees.
There are also various fellowships, external collaborators, students in thesis (for graduation and for PhD
graduation) and visiting research associates.
There is a library, the biggest in South Italy, with books and Journals in the various fields.
The Department participate to the Erasmus and Socrates projects and has several collaborations with international
research groups.
The economical balance (payments) of the 2001 was about 1.350.000 of Euros.
In the Department there are several research groups working on various themes: Membrane Processes,
Development of new zeolite catalysts, Characterization of complex reological systems, Simulation of chemical plants,
Development of bioartificial organs, Purification of industrial wastes, Study of fluidized bed systems.
295
The Unit
The Research Unit is formed by 3 teaching-research staff , 2 technician, 1 Researcher of CNR, 2 PhD students,
several student in thesis (degree), visiting researchers, 2 external collaborators.
The teaching staff is involved in the courses of Chemistry for the Faculty of Engineering for more than 1000
students per year, and in the course of “Chimica II” for about 15 students per year.
Major durable equipments existing in the group are: spectrophotometers, HPLC, GC, fast-flow slab electrophoresis,
pH-stat, contact angle measurement, UF flat, membrane characterization plant, RO single- spiral module plant, UF
single cylindrical geometry module, PSI 500 Permporometer. Other equipments available in the Department are: Xray, SEM, Thermal analysis, Differential Calorimetry, Particles distribution, Optical microscopes.
1
Title
Membrane preparation and Molecular separations and Conversions by using Membrane Processes
2
Research Leader
Prof. Enrico Drioli
2a
3
Names and Titles
Year of Rank
Birth
Drioli Enrico, Prof.
Molinari Raffaele, Prof.
1941
1953
Golemme Giovanni, Dr.
1960
Cassano Alfredo, Dr.
1965
Buonomenna
Maria 1975
Giovanna, Dr.
Augurio Pietro, Dr. Ing.
1973
Pirillo Fabrizio, Dr. Ing.
1972
Poerio Teresa, Dr.
1970
Regina Angelo, Dr.
1956
Grandinetti Massimo, Mr.
1954
Full Professor
Associated
Professor
Researcher
UNICAL
Researcher
ITM-CNR
PhD-student
PhD-student
Contractor
INCA
Contractor
CNR
Graduate
Tecnician
Diplomate
Technician
Research Input Remarks
in fte
in 2001
0.4
0.5
0.6
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
0.4
10
7.9
Note: The Research Unit is formed also by other Researcher of the ITM-CNR (more than 15) but only that
involved in INCA Projects have been included in the Table.
4
Category
Full Professors
Ricercatori
Post-docs
PhD-students
1997
0.4
/
5.2
1.8
3.2
1998
1999
2000
2001
0.4
0.5
3.0
/
2.0
Total
296
Borsisti and Contracts
Total
5
Funding
5.1
Personnel (in fte)
Source
University
CNR
European Union
Other Sponsors
Total
5.2
4.6
15.2
1997
5.8
6.0
1.0
2.4
15.2
2.0
7.9
1998
1999
2000
2001
4.9
2
/
1
7.9
Total
1999
2000
2001
Total
5 year
350
700
100
Source
1997
1998
University - MURST
CNR
EU
Other Sponsors
Total
5.3
1150
Comments:
List of major sponsors:
ESF (European Science Foundation), CAS (Chinese Academy of Science), EU, MURST, ENEA, PASTIS (Centro
Nazionale per la Ricerca e lo Sviluppo dei Materiali (Brindisi), CNR, Regione Calabria, Concia Ricerche, INTAS, KTI,
Tecnoprogetti Industriali, etc.
6.
Progress Report
6.1
Mission Statement
The research area and the mission of the research unit is the development of new type of membranes (mainly
polymeric) and new membrane separation processes. The researches are divided in fundamental (such as preparation
and characterization of membranes and characterization of transport properties of membranes) and applied
(application of membrane separation processes to specific separation problems of industrial and civil interest) The
clients are the international scientific community, practitioners in the field, regional and national authorities, regional,
and national industries, educational and training programmes, consultancy, etcetera.
6.2
Some research themes, close to the environmental sector, are:
1) Rationalization of energy and material consumption in industrial cycles using membrane processes
study of traditional cycles and determination of mass and energy fluxes;
determination of the new mass and energy fluxes after the introduction of the membrane process;
energy and exergy analyses of the cyles using the concept of direct and indirect energy and substitution
coefficient;
experimental tests on membranes to evaluate possibility of using membrane operations, chemical interaction of
297
components to separate and membrane, chemical conditions for cleaning the membranes , etc.
2) Degradation of pollutants using heterogeneous photocatalysis on membranes
checking the type of polymeric membrane;
study of kinetics and configuration of photocatalytic membrane reactors;
application of photoreactors in the photodegradation of pollutants present in low concentration in aqueous
solutions.
3) Removal of pollutants in waters by means controlled complexation and precipitation together membrane technology
separation of specific pollutants (iron, manganese, silica, humic acids, bacteria, etc) from water of various
sources;
potabilization of waters, recycle and reuse in industrial processes;
finding of precipitants/complexants and of the chemical conditions for removing specific components from
water;
checking and characterization of various type of membranes and their efficiency in the removal of pollutants
chosen as models;
study of the interactions pollutants – membrane (fouling, concentration polarization) and of the cleaning
techniques and type of chemicals to be used;
comparison of the proposed processes with the conventional treatment processes;
use of water from various sources to validate the new process.
4) Chromium (III) recovery from waste waters in the tanning industry
checking the type of membranes and of the operating conditions to maximize chromium (III) recovery from
exhaust tanning baths ;
purification of the recovered chromium (e.g. reduction of fat substances contained in the wastewater);
study of supported liquid membranes (transport mechanism, equilibrium conditions at the interfaces, chemicalphysical conditions of the complexation-decomplexation reactions, etc.) to obtain an high recovery efficiency
and an high purification degree of the chromium (III) by using specific carriers.
5) Combined use of sorbent particles and membranes in the recovery and purification of chemical species from
solutions.
recovery, purification, separation and concentration of chemical species (e.g. metal ions, dyes, etc.) from various
waste waters;
finding the type of membranes, type of sorbent particles;
study of the chemical-physical operating conditions and of the fluid dynamic conditions related to membrane
and particles.
Some of the most impressive results in the past five years are:
- Development of a combined process UF/NF for the purification and recycling of Cr(III) from waste water of
chromium tanning.
- Development of a nanofiltration process for recovering and recycling tannins from spent tanning liquors.
-Development of a new rapid method for tannin analysis in tanning baths.
-Stabilization of liquid membranes by a new type of sandwich liquid membrane.
-Development of a configuration of Photocatalytic Membrane Reactor interesting for industrial applications.
-Development of the Polymer Assisted ultrafiltration process (PAUF) for metal ions recovery from waste water.
The programme development for the future (the coming 5 years) foresee:
- study of the Photocatalytic Membrane process using new type of catalysts (e.g. nanoparticles) to improve reactor
performance.
- research and/or synthesis of new selective carriers to be used in (supported)liquid membranes.
- reserarch and /or synthesis of new selective polymers to be used in the PAUF process.
- study of new hybrid membrane processes in water treatment.
6.3
298
•
Department of Chemistry
Department of Physics
ITM- CNR (Rende (CS)-I)
•
Consorzio Sibarit APOA (Corigliano Calabro-I)
Emmegi agro-ind. (Rossano Calabro-I)
Ist. di Medicina Sperimentale e Biotecnologia del CNR (Cosenza-I)
•
University of Bologna (Bologna-I)
University of Genova (Genova-I)
CNR-Dip. di Calcolo Parallelo (Naples-I)
Stazione Sperimentale per la Cellulosa, Carta e Fibre Tessili Vegetali ed Artificiali (Milan-I)
Istituto di Ozono Elettronica (Milan-I)
Stylfil (Pordenone-I)
PASTIS - CNRSM (Centro Nazionale per la Ricerca e lo Sviluppo dei Materiali)- (Brindisi-I)
ISCOM CNR
Production S.r.l. (Carpi-I)
Separem S.p.A. (Biella-I)
ITS-ARTEA (Milan-I)
University of Pisa (Pisa-I)
Consorzio Recupero Cromo (Pisa-I)
Department of Engineering Chemistry, Processes and Materials – University of Palermo.
KTI (Rome-I)
Tecnoprogetti Industriali (Bergamo-I)
INCA: The research unit started research programme in co-operation with INCA structure. Projects L.488 (Membrane
Photoreactors) and Sisifo (Polymer assisted Ultrafiltration).
•
University of Glascow (Glascow-UK)
Res. Inst. of Petroleum Processing (Pechino-China)
Topchiev Institute (Moscow-RU)
University of Salford (Salford-UK)
Nat. Chemical Lab. for Industry (Tsukuba-JP)
Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica (Pechino-China)
Baetens (Belgium)
Centexbel (Belgium)
Lis Lieve (Belgium)
Hilature de Portolin (Spain)
INSA (Toulouse-F)
Middle East Desalination Research Center (Muscat - Oman)
Valle Ballina Y Fernandez (Spain)
Lund University (Lund-SW)
ATO-DLO (The Netherlands)
Universidad de Oviedo (Oviedo-S)
Inst. of Phys. Org. Chem. (Minsk-Belarus)
University of Twente (Enschede-NL)
Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering – Slovak Technical University (Bratislava)
Institute of Chemistry – University of Sciences and Technology “Houary Boumediene”- Algier – Algerie.
Univ. Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Faculty of Sciences, Fès - Morocco
6.4
299
The relevant importance of Membrane and Membrane Processes is today well consolidated with many applications in
numerous fields and new applications are adding day to day.
The unit has contributed in this area for what concerns membrane preparation and characterization and possibility of
application of some membrane processes in separations of industrial interest. The unit received funding also from
private companies for exploring applications of membrane operations. The about 30 year activity in the field, the
numerous publications (more than 320), participation and organization of seminars, congresses (national and
international), schools and participation to several membrane networks justify the contribution of the unit in this area.
6.5
The research leader of the unit received various types of scientific honours:
Dean of the School of Engineering of the University of Calabria (1982-1985).
• Director of the Institute on Membranes and Chemical Reactors of the National Research Council (since 1993).
• President of the European Society of Membrane Science and Technology (1982 - 1998).
• Chairman of the Working Party on Membranes of the European Federation of Chemical Engineering (since
1985).
• Doctorate Honoris Causa in Chemistry and Chemical Technology from Russian Academy of Science
(February 1992).
• Honorary Professor at the China Northwest University in Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China (Sept.
1991).
• Honorary Founding President of the European Membrane Society (from 1999).
• Honorary Member of the A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis at the Russian Academy of
Sciences, Moscow (from 1999).
• Patron Member of the Indian Membrane Society.
• Member of the Advisor Board of the UNESCO Center on Membrane Science and Technology at the New
South Wales University, Australia.
• Member of the European Communities Chemistry Council (E.C.C.C.).
• Member of Executive Council of the European Federation of Chem. Engineering (from 1996)
• Member of the Interim Board of Governors of the Middle East Desalination Research Center, Oman,
Muscat (1994 - 1996); Member and Moderator of the Research Advisory Council of the Middle East
Desalination Research Center , Oman, Muscat (from May 1997)
• Member of the NATO/CCMS Pilot Study on "Clean Products and Processes"
• International Scientific Counselor of the Membrane Industry Association of China
• Member of the ASME Industrial Water Treatment Committee
• Director of Research Projects on Membrane Science and Technology sponsored by the C.N.R., M.U.R.S.T.,
E.N.E.L.-C.R.I.S., E.N.E.L.-G.R.E., F.I.A.T., Montedison, Assoreni, S.A.M.I.M., U.S.A.F., Committee Energy
Atomique (France), DGXII - E.U., Progetto Finalizzato Chimica Fine, Progetto Finalizzato Energia II,
Tecnofarmaci, Unioncamere, Parmalat, Technip Italia, Biofil, TecnoProgetti, Tecnomare, ABB and other National
and International Agencies and Industries, etc.
• Director and/or lecturer in various postdoctoral Schools on Membrane Science and Technology sponsored by
CESVITEC, Italian Chemical Society, FAST, FORMEZ, Plastic Institute of America, NATO Advanced Study
Institute, European Society of Membrane Science and Technology, Comm. Eur. Communities, FOIST, etc.
• Director of various international bilateral research programs (USA/Italy, France/Italy, Korea/Italy, China/Italy,
Egypt/Italy, Japan/Italy, Russia/Italy, etc.).
• Author of more than 320 scientific papers and 14 patents in the field of Membrane Science and Technology.
• Member of the Editorial Boards of the:
Chemical Engineering and Processing - Elsevier
Desalination - Elsevier
Journal of Membrane Science – Elsevier
Journal of Molecular Catalysis (1982–1992) - Elsevier
Chemical Engineering and Technology Journal - Wiley-VCH;
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research (from Jan. 2002) – American Chemical Society;
Journal of Clean Products and Processes - Springer-Verlag;
Acqua-Aria – Arti poligrafiche europee;
Chimica Oggi - TeknoScienze;
300
La Chimica e L’Industria - Editrice di chimica;
Orizzonti Tecnologici - CESVITEC;
Water Treatment - China Ocean Press;
Anales de Fisica - La Sociedad;
Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry - MAIK Nauka, Interperiodica Publ.,;
Journal of Separation and Purification Technology - Childwall University Press;
• Member of the Scientific Committee of ENICHEM S.p.A., Milan (1985-87), Tecnofarmaci S.p.A. (Rome);
Member of the Technical Committee of CESVITEC (Naples); Concia Ricerche (Milan), etc.
• Served as expert or consultant of various National and International Organizations as U.N.D.P.; Economic
Council of EUROPE, UN, Geneve; Commission of the European Community; DG XII, Brussels, Belgium; Nat.
Science Foundation, Washington, USA; Australian Research Council, Canberra, Australia; Swedish Research
Council for Engineering Science, Sweden; NATO (Science for Peace Program); Ministero dell'istruzione,
dell'università e della ricerca, Ministero per le attività produttive (Italy); etc.
• Member of the National Committee for Chemistry of the Ministry for University and Scientific Research
(1988).
• Served as Member of the Commission for the Evaluation of Doctorate Thesis in Chemical Engineering at the
University of Twente (The Netherlands), at the University of New South Wales (Sydney, Australia), at the Ecole
Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (Lausanne, Switzerland), at Dept. of Food Eng. University of Lund
(Sweden), at Dept. of Chemistry, Glascow University (U.K.), at Indian Institute of Technology, (Kanpur, India),
at ENSIC - University of Nancy (France); at University of Paul Sabatier of Toulouse (France); etc.
• Chairman or Co-chairman of various International Conference on Membranes (e.g., Ravello Conference in
1977 and 1988; Europe-Japan Conference in 1984 - Stresa; ICOM in Tokyo 1987; International Conference on
Membranes for gas and vapor separation, Suzdal, USSR, 1989; World Desalination in 1991 - Malta; Int'l
symposium on Membranes and Membrane Processes, Hangzhou, China, 1994, etc.); Summer Schools (E.E.C.China in Lanzhou, 1986; and in Nantong, 1988) and Workshops (e.g. Workshop on Membrane Distillation,
Rome), EC-Indian Workshop on Membranes, New Delhi, 1991; EEC China Workshop on Preservation of
Cultural Heritages, Xian, Shaanxi, P. R. of China (1991); EC-Brazil Workshop on Membranes, Rio de Janeiro,
1992, etc); International Symposium on Membranes and Membrane Processes, Hangzhou, China (1994); ASEANEU, Workshop on Membrane Technology in Agro-Based Industry, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (1994); International
Conference on Membrane Science and Technology (ICMST ’98); Ravello Conference on “Catalysis in Membrane
Reactors, New Frontiers for Catalytic Membrane Reactors & Other Membrane Systems”, organized with the
European Science Foundation of Strasbourg (France) and the Kenan Inst. for Engineering, Technology & Science
(USA) (1999); 2001 International Conference on Membrane Technology Application, Shanghai & Hangzhou, P.
R. China (2001); China - Italy Workshop on Membrane Process for Clean Production and for sustainable Growth,
Beijing, P. R. China (2001); Engineering Foundation Conference on Advanced Membrane Technology, Barga,
Italy (2001); etc.
• Visiting scientist at the Max Plank Institut für Biophysic, Frankfurt a.m.; at the Chemical Engineering
Department of the North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA; at The Bend Research, USA; at the Institute of
Membrane Science and Technology, Lanzhow, R.P.China; at the Demokritos Nuclear Research Center, Athens,
Greece, etc.
• Invited lecturer at various Universities, Scientific Institutions and Industrial Research Groups in Australia,
Austria, Bahrain, Belgium, Bielorussia, Brazil, Czechoslovakia, Demark, Egypt, Finland, France, Greece,
Holland, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kuwait, Malesia, Malta, Norway, Oman, P.R. China, Poland, Portugal,
Russia, Singapore, Slovakia., Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK,USA, USSR, West Germany.
• Member of A.I. Ch. E., ACS, Soc. Chim. Ital., European Membrane Society, NAMS, etc.
6.6
Key Publications
1) A. Cassano, A. Criscuoli, E. Drioli, R. Molinari, Clean operations in the tanning industry: aqueous degreasing
coupled to ultrafiltration. Experimental and theoretical analysis, Clean Products and Processes, 1(4), 257-263 (1999).
2) R. Molinari, M. Mungari, E. Drioli, A.Di Paola, V. Loddo, L. Palmisano, M. Schiavello, Study on a photocatalytic
membrane reactor for water purification, Catalysis Today, 55, 71-78 (2000).
3) A. Gherrou, H. Kerdjoudj, R. Molinari, E. Drioli, Facilited co-transport of Ag(I), Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions by using
DB18C6 and DA18C6 crown ethers as carriers: Interface behaviour on the ion transport, Sep. Sci. & Technol., 36(10),
2289-2304 (2001).
4) R. Molinari, M.G. Buonomenna, A. Cassano, E. Drioli, Rapid determination of tannins in tanning baths by
adaptation of BSA method, Annali di Chimica 91, 2001, 255-263.
301
5) R. Molinari, C. Grande, E. Drioli, L. Palmisano, M. Schiavello, Photocatalytic Membrane Reactors for Degradation
of Organic Pollutants in Water, Catalysis Today, 67(1-3), 273 – 279 (2001).
7.
Scientific Output
7.1
Publication Policy
In all the years of his activity the unit published more than of 320 papers, participated to national and international
meetings and conferences contributing with oral and poster presentation (not included in the list below) and also in the
organisation of several of them included Schools and Membrane Courses.
7.2
Numerical data
Category
PhD-Dissertations
1997
3
1998
/
1999
/
2000
1 started
2001
5 started
Total
3 + 6 started
6
12
18
16
22
74
Master’s Theses
(Tesi di Laurea)
6
4
8
8
3
29
Appendix I
Scientific Output
I-1
I.1.1 Dissertations
Year
Name PhD-student
I.1.2
Master's Thesis (1997 – 2001)
Year
Title of the Dissertation Supervisor
Title of the Dissertation Name Master’s student Supervisor
1996-97
Fenomeni
di
Polarizzazione
Trasporto
1996-97
Chiarificazione e Deamarizzazione di
1996-97
Sintesi della
Faujasitica
1996-97
Steam Reforming del Metano in un
1996-97
Concentrazione
alimentari
1997-98
Produzione di Syngas mediante Reattori Luca Paturzo
a
Angelo Basile, Enrico Drioli
1997-98
Reattori Catalitici a Membrana per
Angelo Basile, Enrico Drioli
1997-98
Preparazione di Membrane Polimeriche e Gabriele Clarizia
Enrico Drioli
1998-99
Applicazione dei Reattori a Membrana Giovanni Pietro
Enrico Drioli, Angelo Basile, Silvano
Zeolite
spinta
a
e
di Lucio Cicerelli
Patrizia Tallarico
Struttura Vincenzo Durante
di
Giuseppe Salvatore
succhi Fortunato Laganà
Sergio Antonio
Enrico Drioli, Vincenza Calabrò
Enrico Drioli, Silvestro Todisco
Rosario Aiello, Fortunato Crea
Enrico Drioli, Giuseppe Barbieri
302
nel
Tosti,
1998-99
Operazioni a Membrana in Reazioni
Alessandra
Criscuoli
Enrico Drioli
1998-99
Studio dell'Estrazione con Solvente in
Luigi Leva
Enrico Drioli
1998-99
Modellistica di Membrane Polimeriche
Elena Tocci
Enrico Drioli
1998-99
Studio Teorico-Sperimentale sulle
Efrem Curcio
Fausto Gallucci
A. Basile, E. Drioli
1999/2000 Produzione di Metanolo da CO2 e H2
1999-00
Reattore a membrana per la produzione Antonino Vazzana
di
Angelo Basile
19992000
Reattori catalitici a membrana per lo Perri Giovanni
steam
Drioli Enrico, Barbieri Giuseppe
20002001
Aspetti Sperimentali e di Modellistici Angelo
della
Famà
20002001
Day reforming del metano mediante
Davide A. Basile, E. Drioli
Calabrò Giuseppe
E. Drioli, A. Basile
13) Impiego di particelle adsorbenti e di tecniche a membrana nella rimozione dell'amaro da succhi di agrumi.
Candidato: Brancaccio Vittoria
(A.A. 1995/96 -Laurea maggio 1997)
Relatori: G. Martino, R. Molinari
14) Flocculazione controllata ed ultrafiltrazione nella potabilizzazione delle acque.
Candidato: Sottile Sandra
(A.A. .1996/97 - Laurea maggio 1998)
Relatori: R. Molinari, G. De Munno
15) Tecnologie pulite a membrana nel disinquinamento delle acque: processi di osmosi inversa e di ultrafiltrazione.
Candidato: Romeo Leonardo
(A.A. 1997/98 - Laurea maggio 1999)
Relatore: R. Molinari
16) Caratterizzazione di diverse configurazioni di reattori fotocatalitici a membrana.
Candidato: Mungari Gennaro Milo
17) Reattori fotocatalitici a membrana con biossido di titanio intrappolato e in sospensione nella degradazione di
inquinanti di natura organica in soluzioni acquose.
Candidato: Grande Cesare
(A.A. 1998/99 - Laurea luglio 1999)
18) Stabilizzazione di membrane liquide supportate da impiegare in separazioni chirali.
Candidato: Argurio Pietro
(A.A. 1998/99 - Laurea febbraio 2000)
19) Studio sperimentale di un reattore fotocatalitico a membrana nella degradazione di inquinanti organici in
soluzioni acquose.
Candidato: Borgese Michelangelo
(A.A. 1998/99 - Laurea aprile 2000)
20) Flocculazione-precipitazione combinata con ultrafiltrazione nell’abbattimento di ioni Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+ e Mn2+
nelle acque.
Candidato: Di Sanzo Giuseppe
303
21) Rimozione dei componenti dell’amaro da succhi di agrumi mediante estrazione liquido-liquido in sistemi a
membrana.
Candidato: Madia Edoardo
22) Studio di diverse operazioni a membrana nel recupero e riciclo di bagni tannici esausti del’industria conciaria.
Candidato:Scicchitano Gianluca
23) Studio teorico e sperimentale di membrane liquide supportate: stabilità e modellistica del traporto di materia.
Candidato: Pirillo Fabrizio
6
I-2
I-3
1997
258)
Giorno, L., Molinari, R., Natoli, M., Drioli, E., Hydrolysis and regioselective transesterification
catalyzed by immobilized lipases in membrane bioreactors, Journal of Membrane Science, 125 (1997) 177-187
259)
Giorno, L., Drioli, E., Catalytic behaviour of lipase free and immobilized in biphasic membrane reactor
with different low water-soluble substrates, J. Chem. Tech. Biotechnol., 1997, 69, 11-14
260)
Bouma, R.H.B., Checchetti, A., Chidichimo, G., Drioli, E., Permeation through a heterogeneous
membrane: The effect of the dispersed phase, Journal of Membrane Science, 128 (1997) 141-149
261)
Barbieri, G., Violante, V., Di Maio, F.P., Criscuoli, A., Drioli, E., Methane steam reforming analysis in
a palladium-based catalytic membrane reactor, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 36(8), 3369-3374,
1997
262)
Natoli, M., Pagliero, C., Trotta, F., Drioli, E., A study of catalytic ?-cyclodextrin carbonate membrane
reactor performance in PNPA hydrolysis, Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, 121, 179-186, 1997
263)
Cassano, A., Drioli, E., Molinari, R., Recovery and reuse of chemicals in unhairing, degreasing and
chromium tanning processes by membranes, Desalination, 113 (1997), 251-261
1998
264)
Alentiev, A., Drioli, E., Gokzhaev, M., Golemme, G., Ilinitch, O., Lapkin, A., Volkov, V., Yampolskii,
Yu., Gas permeation properties of phenylene oxide polymers, J. Membr. Sci., 138 (1998) 99-107
265)
Giorno, L., Donato, L., Todisco, S., Drioli, E., Study of fouling phenomena in apple juice clarification
by enzyme membrane reactor, Sep. Sci. & Techn., 33(5), pp.739-756, 1998
266)
Todisco, S., Tallarico, P., Drioli, E., Modelling and analysis of ultrafiltration effects on the quality of
freshly squeezed orange juice, Italian Food & Beverage Technology, XII (1998), pp. 1 – 8.
267)
Laganà, F., Barbieri, G., Drioli, E., Il Processo di distillazione a membrana per la concentrazione di
succhi alimentari, ICP, Luglio/Agosto 1998, pp. 161- 166
268)
Giorno, L., Donato, L., Drioli, E., Study for enzyme membrane reactor for apple juice clarification,
Fruit Processing, 6, 1998, pp. 239-241
269)
Cassano, A., Drioli, E., Molinari, R., Integration of ultrafiltration into unhairing and degreasing
operations, Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemists, 82, pp- 130-135, 1998.
270)
Giorno, L., Molinari, R., Drioli, E., Experimental studies on enzyme membrane reactors in oil treatment,
Emerging Technologies, Current Practices, Quality Control, Technology Transfer, and Environmental Issues,
Vol. I, (S.S. Koseoglu, K.C. Rhee, R.F. Wilson, Ed.), pp. 91-94, 1998.
271)
Trotta, F., Drioli, E., Moraglio, G., Baima Poma, E., Sulfonation of polyetheretherketone by
chlorosulfuric acid, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 1998, 70(3), 477-482
272)
De Bartolo, L., Drioli, E., Membranes in artificial organs, Biomed. Health Res., 1998, 16, 167-181
273)
Donato, L., Checchetti, A., Drioli, E., Assorbimento di acqua liquida e vapore in pietre microporose
protette da membrane polimeriche di CoPVDF, Proc. “1st Int. Congress on: Science and Technology for the
304
Safeguard of Cultural Heritage in the Mediterranean Basin”, Nov. 27 – Dec. 2, 1995, Catania, pp. 899-902,
1998.
274)
Golemme, G., Drioli, E., Polyphosphazene Membrane Separations – Review, Journal of Inorganic and
Organometallic Polymers, 6(4), 1996, 341-365
275)
Tomaselli, M., Cassano, A., Drioli, E., Processi a membrana nell’industria conciaria: potenzialità e
prospettive, CPMC, 74(4), 1998, pp. 149-167.
1999
276)
Bove, L., Clarizia, G., Golemme, G., Drioli, E., Development and characterization of PPO composite
membranes for gas separation, Macromolecular Symposia, 138, 93-7 (1999).
277)
Golemme, G., Facchin, G., Gleria, M., Guarino, L., Drioli, E., Preparation and characterization of
hybrid polyphosphazene-silica gel membranes, “Phosphorus Res. Bull.”, 10, 736-41 (1999).
278)
De Bartolo, L., Catapano, G., Della Volpe, C., Drioli, E., The effect of surface roughness of
microporous membranes on the kinetics of oxygen consumption and ammonia elimination by adherent
hepatocytes, J. Biomater. Sci., Polymer. Edn., 10(6), pp. 641-655, 1999
279)
Laganà, F., Drioli, E., Criscuoli, A., Barbieri, G., Integrated membrane operations in desalination
processes, Desalination, 122 (1999) 141- 145
280)
Cassano, A., Molinari, R., Drioli, E., Saving of water and chemicals in tanning industry by membrane
processes, Water Science & Technology, 40/4-5 (1999) 443-450
281)
Cassano, A., Criscuoli, A., Drioli, E., Molinari, R., Clean operations in the tanning industry: aqueous
degreasing coupled to ultrafiltration. Experimental and theoretical analysis, Clean Product and Processes, 1999,
1(4), 257-263.
282)
Tavolaro, A., Drioli, E., Zeolite Membranes, Advanced Materials, 1999, 11(12), pp. 975-996
283)
Molinari, R., Mungari, M., Drioli, E., Di Paola, A., Loddo, V., Palmisano, L., Schiavello, M., Study on
a photocatalytic membrane reactor for water purification, Catalysis Today, 55 (2000), pp. 71-78.
284)
Muzzalupo, R., Ranieri, A.G., Golemme, G., Drioli, E., "Self diffusion measurements of organic
molecules in PDMS and water in sodium alginate membranes"; J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 74 (5) 1119-28 (1999)
285)
Laganà, F., Barbieri, G., Drioli, E., "Direct contact membrane distillation:modelling and concentration
experiments", J. Mem. Sci., 2000, 166, pp. 1-11.
286)
Drioli, E., Todisco, S., I processi a membrana nella moderna enologia, VIGNEVINI; n. 1/2, 1999, pp.
31-45.
287)
Trotta, F., Drioli, E., Gordano, A., Nitro derivative of PEEK-WC, Journal of Applied Polymer Science,
80, 2001, 1037-1045
288)
Gordano, A., Clarizia, G., Tocci, E., Drioli, E., Arcella, V., Arrigoni, S., Colaianna, P., Brinati, G.,
Hydrophobic Membranes of Tetrafluoroethylene and 2,2,4 Trifluoro 5 Trifluorometoxy 1,3 Dioxole, Korean
Membrane Journal, 1999, 1(1), pp. 50-58.
289)
Madia, G.S., Barbieri, G., Drioli, E., Theoretical and experimental analysis of methane steam reforming
in a membrane reactor, The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 77 (1999), 698-706
290)
Cassano, A., Drioli, E., Molinari, R., Grimaldi, D., La Cara, F., Rossi, M., "Enzymatic membrane
reactor for eco-friendly goat skins unhairing", Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemists,
2000, 84, 205-211.
291)
Criscuoli, A., Drioli, E., “Energetic and exergetic analysis of an integrated membrane desalination
system”, Desalination, 124 (1999) 243-249
292)
Basile, A., Fasson, S., Vitulli, G., Drioli, E., An experimental study of the partial oxidation of methane
in a membrane reactor, in Studies in surface science and catalysis: Natural Gas Conversion V, A. Parmaliana et
al. (Eds), N. 119, 1998, pp. 453-458.
293)
Arcella, V., Colaianna, P., Maccone, P., Sanguineti, A., Gordano, A., Clarizia, G., Drioli, E., A study on
a perfluoropolymer purification and its application to membrane formation, Journal of Membrane Science, 163
(1999) 203 – 209
2000
294)
Tocci, E., Hofmann, D., Paul, D., Russo, N., Drioli, E., A molecular simulation study on gas diffusion
in a dense poly(ether ether ketone) membrane, Polymer, 42 (2001) 521-533
295)
Criscuoli, A., Basile, A., Drioli, E., An analysis of the performance of membrane reactors for the watergas shift reaction using gas feed mixture, Catalysis Today, 56 (2000), 53-64
305
296)
Drioli, E., Criscuoli, A., “Microporous inorganic and polymeric membranes as catalytic reactors and
membrane contactors” in “Recent Advances in Gas Separation by Microporous Ceramic Membranes” N.K.
Kanellopoulos (Ed), Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, 2000, 497-510
297)
Drioli, E., Criscuoli, A., Molero, L.P.,“Membrane distillation”, EOLSS Encyclopedia, 1999, in press
298)
Tavolaro, A., Julbe, A., Guizard, C., Basile, A., Cot, L., Drioli, E., Synthesis and Characterization of a
Mordenite on an alfa-Al2O3 Tubular Support, J. of Materials Chemistry, 2000, 10, 1131-1137
299)
Todisco, S., Drioli, E., La Sala G., Guerriero, R., Simulazione e ottimizzazione di un impianto
industriale di microfiltrazione in flusso tangenziale per le operazioni di chiarificazione della nuova industria
enologica, Industria delle Bevande, XXIX (2000) febbraio, 1-13.
300)
Giorno, L., Drioli, E., Enantiospecific membrane processes. Review, Membrane Technology, 1999,
106, 6-11.
301)
Criscuoli, A., Drioli, E., Membrane contactors for water carbonation, Korean Membrane Journal, 1(1),
1999, pp. 59-64
302)
Curcio, E., Barbieri, G., Drioli, E., Operazioni di distillazione a membrana nella concentrazione dei
succhi di frutta, Industrie delle Bevande, XXIX (2000) aprile, 113-121
309)
Drioli, E., Basile, A., Criscuoli, A., High temperature membrane reactors for clean productions, Clean
Products and Processes, 2(3), 2000, 179-186.
304)
Capuano, A., Memoli, B., Andreucci, V.E., Criscuoli, A., Drioli, E., Membrane distillation of human
plasma ultrafiltrate and its theoretical applications to haemodialysis techniques, The International Journal of
Artificial Organs, 23(7), 2000, 415-422.
305)
Alvarez, S., Riera, F.A., Alvarez, R., Coca, J., Cuperus, F.P., Bouwer, S.Th., Boswinkel, G., van
Gemert, R.W., Veldinsk, J.W., Giorno, L., Donato, L., Todisco, S., Drioli, E., Olsson, J., Tragardh, G., Gaeta,
S.N., Panyor, L.,A New integrated membrane process for producing clarified apple juice and juice aroma
concentrated, Journal of Food Engineering 46 (2000) 109-125.
306)
Giorno, L., Drioli, E., Biocatalytic membrane reactors: applications and perspectives, Trends in
Biotechnology, 2000, 18, 339-348
/73/ R. MOLINARI, C. GRANDE, Membrane separation processes for chiral resolution of racemic mixtures.
Comparison with conventional techniques. Energy and exergy analyses of racemic amino acids resolution,
Editoriale Progetto 2000, Cosenza (Italy), April 2000, pp. 1-80, ISBN 88-8276-052-9.
/74/ R. MOLINARI, M.G. BUONOMENNA, E. DRIOLI, Supported Liquid Membranes in metals recovery
and concentration, in: P. Massacci (Ed.), Development in Mineral Processing, 13, Elsevier, Amsterdam (The
Netherlands), 2000, pp. A6-95 – A6-102. ISBN 0 444 50283 1.
/76/ R. MOLINARI, C. GRANDE, Processi innovativi a membrana nel trattamento delle acque, in L.
Palmisano (Ed.), Processi e metodologie per il trattamento delle acque, Edizioni Spiegel, Abbiategrasso (MI),
Chap. 9, pp. 159-186, October 2000. ISBN 88-7660-159-7.
2001
307)
Giorno, L., Drioli, E., Carvoli, G., Cassano, A., Donato, L., Study of an enzyme membrane reactor with
immobilized fumarase for production of L-malic acid, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 72(1), 2001, 77-84
308)
Sakaki, K., Giorno, L., Drioli, E., Lipase-catalyzed optical resolution of racemic naproxen in biphasic
enzyme membrane reactors, J. Membr. Sci. 184(2001), 27-38
303)
Gherrou, A., Kerdjoudj, H., Molinari, R., Drioli, E., Effect of thiourea on the facilitated transport of
silver and copper using a crown ether as a carrier, Sep. Sci. & Techn., 2001, 22-23, 571-581
310)
Cassano, A., Molinari, R., Romano, M., Drioli, E., Treatment of aqueous effluents of the leather
industry by membrane processes. A review, Journal of Membrane Science, 181(1), 2001, 111-126.
311)
Romano, M., Drioli, E., Analisi energetica ed exergetica nei processi a membrana, ICP, Marzo 2000,
76-79.
312)
Criscuoli, A., Basile, A., Drioli, E., Loiacono, O., An economic feasibility study for water gas shift
membrane reactor, Journal of Membrane Science 181(1), 2001, 21-27
313)
Tocci, E., Drioli, E., Hofmann, D., Russo, N., A molecular simulation study on ?-cyclodextrins included
in PEEK membrane, Journal of Molecular Structure (Theochem), 540, 2001, 15-21
314)
Molinari, R., Borgese, M., Drioli, E., Palmisano, L., Schiavello, M., Photocatalytic membrane processes
for degradation of various types of organic pollutants and micropollutants in water, Annali di Chimica, 91, 2001,
197-202
315)
Drioli, E., Romano, M., Progress and new perspectives on integrated membrane operations for
sustainable industrial growth, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 40, 2001, 1277-1300
306
316)
Curcio, E., Criscuoli, A., Drioli, E., Membrane Crystallizers, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2001, 40, 2679-2684
317)
Gherrou, A., Kerdjoudji, H., Molinari, R., Drioli, E., Modelization of the transport of Silver and copper
in acidic thiourea medium through a supported liquid membrane, Desalination, 139 (2001), 317-325
318)
Gherrou, A., Kerdjoudj, Molinari, R., Drioli, E., Facilitated CO-transport of Ag(I), Cu(II) and Zn(II)
ions by using DB18C6 and DA18C6_crown ethers as carriers: interface behaviour on the ion transport, Sep. Sci.
& Techn., (36)10, 2001, 2289-2304.
319)
Marigliano, G., Barbieri, G., Drioli, E., Effect of energy transport on a palladium-based membrane
reactor for methane steam reforming process, Catalysis Today, 67(2001), 85-99
320)
Molinari, R., Grande, C., Drioli, E., Palmisano, L., Schiavello, M., Photocatalytic membrane reactors
for degradation of organic polluttants in water, Catalysis Today, 67 (2001), 273-279
321)
Molinari, R., Buonomenna, M.G., Cassano, A., Drioli, E., Rapid determination of tannins in tanning
baths by adaptation of BSA method, Annali di Chimica 91, 2001, 255-263
322)
Barbieri, G., Marigliano, G., Perri, G., Drioli, E., Conversion-Temperature Diagram for a Palladium
Membrane Reactor. Analysis of an Endothermic Reaction: Methane Steam Reforming, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
2001, 40, 2017-2026
/80/ A. CASSANO, R. MOLINARI, E. DRIOLI, Processi a membrana per il trattamento degli effluenti esausti
dell’industria conciaria, Chim. & Indust. (Italy), 83 (2), 53-59 (2001).
/81/ M.A. ARTALE, V. AUGUGLIARO, E. DRIOLI, G. GOLEMME, C. GRANDE, V. LODDO, R.
MOLINARI, L. PALMISANO and M. SCHIAVELLO, Preparation and Characterization of Membranes with
Entrapped TiO2 and Preliminary Photocatalytic Tests, Ann.Chim. (Rome), 91(3-4), 127-136 (2001).
/82/ R. MOLINARI, P. ARGURIO, Supported Liquid Membrane Stability In Chiral Resolution by Chemically
and Physically Modified Membranes, Ann.Chim. (Rome), 91(3-4), 191-196 (2001).
//84/ R. MOLINARI, P. ARGURIO, L. ROMEO, Studies on interactions between membranes (RO and NF) and
pollutants (SiO2, NO3-, Mn++ and Humic Acid) in water, Desalination, 138, 271-281 (2001).
/87 bis/ R. MOLINARI, M. G. BUONOMENNA, A. CASSANO, E. DRIOLI, Determinazione rapida dei
tannini in bagni tannici mediante adattamento del metodo della BSA, C.P.M.C., 77(3), 91-97 (2001).
/88/ R. MOLINARI, P. ARGURIO, L. ROMEO, Behaviour of RO and NF membranes in the separation of some
pollutants in water, In A. Noworita, A. Trusek-Holownia (Eds), Using membranes to assist of cleaner processes,
Agencja Wydawnicza “ARGI”, Wroclaw, 2001, pp. 55-60. (ISBN 83-913887-4-3).
I-4
Reports related to research activity done were sent to clients that committed the research.
307
FERRARA 1
Ferrara 1
Research Leader
Maldotti Andrea
Contact Person
Name: Maldotti Andrea
Mailing Address: Dipartimento di Chimica Università di
Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44100 Ferrara.
Faculty:
Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche Fisiche e Naturali/ Faculty Phone: + 39 0532 291147
Fax: +39 0532 240709
of Mathematical Physical and Natural Sciences
Department:
Dipartimento di chimica/ Department of Chemistry
University:
Università di Ferrara/ University of Ferrara
Thematic area
riciclo e altre).
We have been one of the founding groups of INCA, as we are firmly convinced that our research on oxidation
photo(electro)catalysis for clean syntheses and pollution degradation is relevant in the field of chemistry for the
environment. In the following we try to present a critical self-analysis of the progress done after the previous research
and management evaluation of INCA. Great attention is devoted to suggestions and criticisms which, at that time, were
raised by the Review Committee. We think that this is a very good oppurtunity for us to verify progress of our activity
within INCA.
No significant changes have taken place since 1998
The Unit
The Research Unit (UdR) of Ferrara has acquired a considerable expertise in the preparation and characterisation of
inorganic systems able of performing photo(electro)catalytic processes. Recent research has developed along: i)
tailoring the reactivity of photoactive semiconductors through surface functionalization and control of the operative
conditions (including the effect of applied potential); ii) heterogenisation of molecular photocatalysts and their use in
collectively organised systems; iii) biomimetic systems as models of natural hemoproteins.
The UdR is composed of the following researchers.
- Andrea Maldotti. He is associate professor of General and Inorganic Chemistry at the Faculty of Science of the
University of Ferrara since 1992. His teaching load includes courses of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Laboratory
of Chemistry, Bioinorganic Chemistry, graduate theses and PhD theses, coordination of Erasmus-Socrates
Programmes. His current research interest is mainly focused on homogeneous and heterogeneous photocatalysis with
particular interest to molecular oxygen activation and oxidation reactions (including biomimetic processes). He
participated as invited speaker in many national and international meetings of chemistry and he is author of over 90
papers and review articles.
- Rossano Amadelli. He received his Ph.D. Degree in Chemistry from the Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland.
Since 1991 he holds the position of research executive at the Ferrara Section of the ISOF Institute of C.N.R.. His
current research activities focuses on photoelectrocatalysis on semiconductors, especially for the degradation of
pollutants and on electrocatalytic processes (ozone formation, oxidation of organic compounds). He participated as
308
invited speaker in many national and international meetings of chemistry and he is author of over 70 papers and review
articles. He is a member of the international Committee on “Environmental conscious construction materials and
systems” for the part deals on photocatalysis for self-cleaning surfaces.
- Alessandra Molinari. She is at the Chemistry Department of the University of Ferrara as a post-doc fellow since
1999. Her current research field is heterogeneous photocatalysis based on the use of semiconducting oxides,
polyoxometallates and metalloporphyrins, covering aspects dealing with preparation of the photocatalytic systems and
with their characterization by ESR spectroscopy. A. Molinari is coauthor of 26 articles. She received an Enichem
Award in 1994 and a Federchimica Award in 1995.
- L. Samiolo. He is a PhD student. His research activity regards the preparation of collectively organized
photocatalysts. Particular attention is devoted to their use for self-cleaning surfaces.
- I. Vitali. She has a research fellowship from INCA. She is mainly interested in the photocatalytic tests of
heterogeneous catalysts and in tailoring their activity using biomimetic systems.
- The group considerably benefits for discussion, suggestions and organization activity of Prof. Graziano Varani
(Associate Professor), who is especially dedicated to didactics.
In 2001, Prof. V. Carassiti deceases. For his unceasing guidance and encouragement we remember him with
gratitude and affection.
Our UdR has always been a part of a CNR Center within the Department of Chemistry. The intrinsic nature of the
CNR Centers within Universities favours a strong integration among researchers of the two formally different
administrations. Accordingly, during the last thirty years, researchers from CNR and from University in Ferrara have
been carrying out a common activity which still now goes on. Altogether we have access to several large-scale
facilities such as: Laser flash photolysis equipments (including femtosecond spectroscopy), NMR spectrometer, ESR
and FTIR spectrometers with the possibilities of performing photochemical experiments in situ.
1
Title
Photocatalysis and Photoelectrocatalysis in Oxidation Processes.
2
Research Leader
Prof Andrea Maldotti
3
Names and Titles
Prof. Andrea Maldotti
Prof. Graziano Varani
Dr. Rossano Amadelli
Dr. Alessandra Molinari
Dr. Luca Samiolo
Dr. Irene Vitali
Year of Rank
Birth
1950
associate professor
1940
associate professor
1950
director of research (C.N.R.)
1968
Post
doc
fellowship
(assegnista
1975
PhD student
1975
INCA fellowship
Research Input in fte
in 2001
0.5
0.2
0.7
0.9
0.6
1.0
4.1
Remarks
Finish 2003
Began 2001
Began 2001
Comments
The major changes in the composition of the research group during the previous five years are the following.
- Prof. Carlo Bartocci retired .
- Dr. Leonardo Andreotti attended our laboratory for three years and finished his PhD thesis.
309
- Dr. Luca Samiolo has attended our laboratory for one year in the framework of a common project with
Italcementi S.p.A. and now he started researches for his doctoral thesis, partially sponsored by Italcementi .
- Dr Jerome Spengler attended our laboratory for six months in the framework of a common project with
researchers of French CNRS (Erasmus Socrates Programme).
- Dr. Alexander Timonov from the University of S. Petersburg spent a period of one month in our laboratory as
visiting professor.
- Dr. A. Velichenko from the University of Kiev spent a period of one month in our laboratory as visiting
professor.
- Dr. Giovanni Maria Mura from the University of Sassari spent a period of one month in our laboratory as
visiting professor.
- Dr. Irene Vitali spent a period of 3 months at the Departement of Chemistry of the University of Sassari as
master student.
- Dr. Irene Vitali received a fellowship sponsored by INCA.
- The master student Grazia Totaro spent a period of 6 months at the University Paris V in the framework of an
Erasmus Socrates Programme.
- Dr. Luca Antolini spent a period of 12 months in our laboratory with a fellowship from Italcementi SpA.
- The master students Luca Ferrari and Marco Spiazzi spent a period of one month at the Plataforma Solar de
Almeria in the framework of a TMR-LSF Programme for studies on the scaling up of our photocatalytic systems.
- The master student Massimiliano Bacilieri spent a period of one month at the solar facilities in Odeillo
(France) in the framework of a TMR-LSF programme to prepare nanostructured TiO2.
Prof Carlo Bartocci decided to retire in 2000. This influenced only partially the scientific activity of the group since his
main activity during the last five years before retiring was especially dedicated to didactics.
We have reason to believe that the research fellowships reported in the table will be maintained, if not extended, in the
future for other young researchers. A significant contribution to our activity will also be given by a number of students
(at least four per year) preparing their master theses in our laboratory (one year duration). Finally, we expect visiting
professors and PhD students both from the Russian Federation within the framework of collaborations which have been
going on for several years, and of the Erasmus-Socrates Programme.
4
Category
Full Professors
Researchers (C.N.R.)
Post-docs
PhD-students
Felloship owners
Total
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
Total
1
0.7
1
0.7
0.8
1.6
0.6
3.9
.7
0.7
0.9
0.8
0.6
3.7
.7
0.7
0.9
0.8
0.8
3.9
.7
0.7
0.9
0.6
1
3.9
4.1
3.5
2.7
4.6
3
17.9
2.5
Comments
The Research Unit still misses possible benefits of a full professor member with the excellent managerial expertise of
Prof. Vittorio Carassiti. This situation, which also depends on a number of variables that we can not control, may have
some negative effects on the possibility to have new people with permanent academic positions within our group. On
the other hand, as research leader of this UdR, I can claim that the scientific quality of my work and its recognition is
on the increase within the scientific community working in this research area, as witnessed, for example, by an
invitation to write an article on Chemical Reviews, now in press on the special issue “Recoverable Catalysts and
Reagents”. The quality of my research allowed me to receive funding from MIUR (60% and COFIN), C.N.R.,
European Union. It is also noteworthy that one of the component of the Research Unit, Dr Rossano Amadelli, is
research executive (Direttore di Ricerca) at C.N.R., a position which is equivalent to full professorships at the
University.
Considering the relatively small size of our group, we have addressed our efforts towards the optimization of the
balance between people with permanents positions and young researchers with fellowships. Moreover, co-operation
with other INCA Units on common research projects to which we can contribute with our knowledge and experience
has been strongly boosted. In this regard, I mention the collaboration with the Units of Pavia 1 (Prof. A. Albini), Parma
2 (Prof. G. Sartori) and l’Aquila 1 (Prof. G. Cerichelli), which allowed us to publish several works and to obtain
310
commmon funding for the research. Finally, an effort has been done for obtaining more consistent funding for
fellowships by C.N.R., European Union and Industry.
The national policy on research seems to favour at present temporary positions for research activity. Nevertheless, we
hope that at least one permanent position will come from MIUR or CNR shortly.
5
Funding
5.1
Personnel (in fte)
Source
University
CNR
European Union
Other Sponsors
Total
5.2
1998
2.7
0.7
2.7
0.6
4.1
1999
1.4
0.7
0.1 (TMRLSF)
0.5
3.9
2000
1.4
0.7
0.1 (TMRLSF)
0.7
4.1
2001
1.4
0.7
Total
10.8
3.5
0.2
1.6
4.1
3.4
18.9
Source
University - MURST
CNR
EU
Other Sponsors
Total
5.3
1997
1.7
0.7
1997
25
15
1998
20
15
1999
83
60
2000
25
60
2001
18
60
Total
171
210
40
30
65
30
173
30
115
50
128
140
521
Comments:
Funds from University include: i) salaries for the permanent staff, 80% of one postdoctoral position (assegno di ricerca) and a
grant for a PhD student; ii) the government grants named “ex 60 %”, used for equipment, material and for paying 20% of the
postdoctoral position (assegno di ricerca); iii) 60 million lire come from a COFIN project coordinated by Prof. Angelo Albini
titled: “Cleaner Syntheses – Molecular oxygen and sunlight in oxidation reactions with heterogeneous integrated catalysts”
used for equipment and material.
Funds from C.N.R. consist in part (about 15 million lire per year) of the grant for all the researchers of the Center of Study on
Photoreactivity and Photocatalysis. 45 million lire per year come from CNR through “Assegnazione straordinaria legge 95/95;
Tecnologie non convenzionali per la sintesi di intermedi per la chimica fine; ossidazioni catalizzate da materiali inorganici
fotosensibili” from 1999 to 2001. All funds from CNR have been employed for equipment and materials.
30 million lire per year come frm the industry Italcementi SpA in the framework of a common project on “Photoactive
surfaces on TiO2 in cement matrices” from 1998 to 2001. These funds have been used for equipment, material and for paying a
PhD grant (20 million lire in 2001).
In 2001 we have had funds from INCA (20 million lire) in the framework of the “Piano Nazionale INCA” for a research
fellowship on the “Chemistry of the clean reactions and processes”.
The European Union sponsored three stages of young researchers at the Plataforma Solar de Almeria and at
Odeillo (France) in the framework of TMR-LSF programmes, to test the possibility of employing our photocatalytic
systems under large scale conditions and to prepare nanostructured TiO2 respectively. Other funds have been
available for student mobility through the Erasmus-Socrates programme.
On the figures. The University-payed personnel includes the permanent staff, a postdoc researcher and a PhD student. From
1999, part of the money for paying fellowships comes from “other sponsors”. We think that the possibility to have other grants
from such sources for young researchers should be increased in the future.
On the funding policy. From 1999 there has been an evident increase in available funding.
In the next two years, funds (50.000 Euro) will come from the European Union in the framework of the PICADA
project titled: “ Photocatalytic innovative covering applications for depollution assessment”. GROWTH project GRD12001-40449”, where we are subcontractors of Italcementi SpA. An application (national coordinator: Prof. A. Albini)
for COFIN grant has been presented together with the UdRs, of Pavia 1 and Parma 2. Other funds are expected in the
framework of the “Piano Nazionale INCA” on the “Chemistry of the clean reactions and processes” (responsible:
Prof. P. Tundo).
311
We consider that an additional effort should be done in order to have more grants from “other sponsors” such as
industry and European Union. We also realise that our relatively small group can hope to obtain funding from
European Union only through strong co-operation with other partners having similar or complementary research
interest. Co-operation among the Research Units of INCA for participation in international projects may be favoured by
the coordination activity of INCA.
6.
Progress Report
6.1
Progress analysis
The research interest of our unit continues to be focused on the synthesis and characterization of collectively organized
systems able of catalysing the oxidation of organic substrates with clean and cheap reagents such as molecular oxygen
and sunlight.
The main strategies followed are:
- surface derivatization of inorganic semiconductors,
- use of composite systems based on polyoxoaniones and metalloporphyrins (biomimetic),
- preparation of nanostructurated materials,
- control of the operative conditions by applied potential,
- electrochemical processes at high anodic potentials (including ozone evolution).
The final goal is to perform oxidation with of poorly reactive organic substrates in view of realising:
- clean selective syntheses,
- efficient oxidative degradation of pollutants,
- conversion of pollutants into useful products.
ESR, electrochemistry, laser flash photolysis techniques are successfully employed for the optimisation of the
investigated photocatalytic systems.
In the last years, a considerable effort has been done in order to increase co-operation with other INCA UdRs’. In this
regard, I mention the collaborations with the Units of Pavia 1, Parma 2 and l’Aquila 1, which allow us to broaden the
scope of the research, to publish several works and to obtain funding. Our research activity concerning the use of
heterogenised polyoxotungstates is carried out in collaboration with the Unit of Parma 2 (Prof. G. Sartori), which has
acquired a consolidated experience in the preparation and characterisation of mesoporous silica materials. The Unit of
Pavia 1 (Prof. A. Albini) is interested to test the ability of our organized systems in photoinduced alkylation processes.
In the framework of this collaboration our contribution also derives from our experience in the investigation of
mechanisms and kinetics of single steps of photocatalytic processes. Thanks to the co-operation with the Unit of
l’Aquila 1 (Prof. G. Cerichelli) we could exploit the photocatalytic properties of iron porphyrins in micelles dispersed
in aqueous medium.
Scientific collaborations with other research groups are currently carrying on: University of S. Petersburg (Prof. V.
Vasil’ev) for preparing heterogenised photosensitizers able to generate singlet oxygen; French CNRS (Dr. D. Mansuy)
for studying new biomimetic oxidation photocatalysts; University of Kiew (Prof. A. Velichenko) for the
electrocatalytic evolution of O3; University of Milano (prof. S. Tollari) for the photoindiuced formation of C-N bonds;
University of Sassari (Dr. G.M. Mura) for the use of the composite system TiO2/glucose oxidase. Italcementi SpA (L.
Cassar) for the application of photocatalysis for preserving cementitious materials.
6.2
A positive role of INCA in the development of the research quality of our group is that of improving the degree of our
collaboration with other UdRs’, promoting internal contacts and links and providing funds. This effort of INCA allows
our group to work in a wide research context, which is a necessary condition to participate to national and
international networks. We believe that INCA should continue to boost the quality of the research of the single units.
Therefore it is expected i) to favour future collaboration among other units; ii) to allow access to large scale facilities
of the Consortium; iii) to provide funds to single units through both research fellowships and scientific equipment.
Moreover, INCA is expected to favour the diffusion of our research to possible “clients” of industry and environmental
agencies.
6.3
Key Publications
1) A. Maldotti, A. Molinari, R. Amadelli,
“Photocatalysis with organized systems for the oxofunctionalization of hydrocarbons by O2”.
Chem. Rev., in press on the special issue “Recoverable Catalysts and Reagents” .
312
2) A. Molinari, R. Amadelli, V. Carassiti, A. Maldotti,
“ Photocatalyzed oxidation of cyclohexene and cyclooctene with (nBu4N)4W10O32 and (nBu4N)4W10O32/Fe(III)mesotetrakis (2,6-dichlorophenyl) porphyrin in homogeneous and heterogeneous systems”.
European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 91-96, 2000.,
3) A. Maldotti, L. Andreotti, A. Molinari, G. Varani, G. Cerichelli, M. Chiarini,
“Photocatalytic properties of iron porphyrins revisited in aqueous micellar environment: oxygenation of alkenes and
reductive degradation of carbon tetrachloride”.
Green Chemistry, 3, 42-46, 2001.
4) A. Maldotti, L. Andreotti, A. Molinari, S. Borisov, V. Vasil’ev
“Photoinitiated catalysis in Nafion membranes containing palladium(II)
meso-tetrakis(N-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphyrin and Iron(III)meso-tetrakis-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)porphyrin
oxidations of alkenes”;
Chem. Eur. J., 7 (16), 3564- 3571, 2001.
for
O2-mediated
5) A. Maldotti, A. Molinari G. Varani, M. Lenarda, L. Storaro, F. Bigi, R. Maggi, A. Mazzacani, G. Sartori,
“Immobilization of (n-Bu4N)4W10O32 on mesoporous silicas for photocatalytic oxidation of cycloalkanes
with molecular oxygen”.
J. Catal., (209), 210-216, 2002.
7.
Scientific Output
7.1
Publication Policy
Dissertations and pubblications reported are all relevant to the the mission of our UdR . The number of PhD and
Master theses is adequate to the size of our group. The trend of the scientific publication is positive. We intend to
continue to publish the results of our research on international journals with good impact factors in the scientific
community. We consider that the diffusion of our research results to other possible “clients” such as industries and
agencies for the environment should be strengthened. Therefore, we intend to increase the number of professional
publications.
7.2
Numerical data
Category
PhD-Dissertations
1997
1998
1
1999
2000
1
2001
Total
2
4
7
7
9
11
38
4
1
5
1
22
Patent
Master’s Theses
4
4
5
8 Self-evaluation
The use of solarlight and molecular oxygen as reagents brings about some important benefits in the development of
innovative chemical methodologies that are promising for the welfare and growth of the chemical industry,
accomplishing both pollution prevention and environment clean up. In this framework, the research of our Unit has a
fundamental chemistry character with a view, however, to practical applications.
On the basis of the comments reported in the above sections, and in line with criticisms and suggestions of the Review
Committee of the previous assessment, we now report an evaluative description of the Unit’s strong and weak points,
and the action undertaken to further improve quality and to strengthen viability.
Considerable efforts have been done towards the optimisation of the balance between people with a permanent position
and young researchers with fellowships. In doing this, we have realized that the research activity of two associate
313
professors (one retired in 2000) contributed only partially to the scientific productivity of the group, since their activity
was mainly dedicated to didactics. We have reason to believe that the fellowships obtained in recent years will be
maintained, if not extended, in the future for other young researchers. A significant contribution to the research will
also be given by a number of master students and from foreign visiting professors and PhD students. The national
research policy on research seems to favour at present temporary positions for research activity. Nevertheless, we hope
that at least one permanent position will come from MIUR or CNR shortly.
The Research Unit still misses possible benefits of a full professor member with the excellent managerial expertise of
Prof. Vittorio Carassiti. This situation, which also depends on a number of variables that we can not control, may have
some negative effects on the possibility to have new people with permanent academic positions within our group. On
the other hand, as research leader of this UdR, I can claim that the scientific quality of my work and its recognition is
on the increase within the scientific community working in this research area. Accordingly, I have received funding
from MIUR (60% and COFIN), C.N.R., European Union. It is also noteworthy that one of the component of the
Research Unit, Dr Rossano Amadelli, is research executive researcher at C.N.R., a position which is equivalent to full
professorships at the University.
Co-operation with other INCA Units on common research projects to which we can contribute with our knowledge and
experience has been strongly boosted. In this regard, we mention the collaborations with the Units of Pavia 1 (Prof A.
Albini), Parma 2 (Prof. G. Sartori) and l’Aquila 1 (Prof G. Cerichelli), which allowed us to publish several works and
to obtain common funding for the research. Co-operation with foreign groups (CNRS, Universities of S. Petersburg
and Mosca), with industry (Italcementi SpA) has been also strongly developed.
From 1999 there has been a significant increase in funding. In the next two years, funds (50.000 Euro) will come
from the European Union in the framework of a project where we are subcontractors of Italcementi SpA. An
application for COFIN funding has been presented together with the UdRs, of Pavia 1 and Parma 2. Other funds are
expected in the framework of the “Piano Nazionale INCA”. We think that our relatively small Unit can hope to
increase the amount of funds from “other sponsors” such as Industry and European Union only through strong cooperation with partners having similar or complementary research interests.
A positive role of INCA in the development of the research quality of our group is that of improving the degree of our
collaboration with other UdRs’, promoting internal contacts and links and providing funds. This effort of INCA allows
our group to work in a wide research context, which is a necessary condition to participate to national and
international networks. We believe that INCA should continue to boost the quality of the research of the single units.
Therefore it is expected i) to favour future collaboration among other units; ii) to allow access to large scale facilities
of the Consortium; iii) to provide funds to single units through both research fellowships and scientific equipment.
Moreover, INCA is expected to favour the diffusion of our research to possible “clients” of industry and environmental
agencies.
We can state that on the whole our scientific production is relevant to our mission. The number of PhD and Master
theses is adequate to the size of our group. The number of publications is positive. We intend to continue to publish
the results of our research on international Journals with good impact factors in the scientific community. We consider
that the diffusion of our research results to other possible “clients” such as industries and agencies for the environment
should be strengthened. Indeed our recent patent is promising in this respect.
Appendix I
Scientific Output
I-1
I.1.1 Dissertations
Year
1998
Name
student
Alessandra Molinari Composite systems based on metal-oxide and ironporphyrins
Maldotti
2000
Leonardo Andreotti
Maldotti
I.1.2
Master's Thesis
Oxidative photocatalysis in organized inorganic systems
Supervisor
314
Year
1997
Name
student
Anna Sgobino
Photoredox
properties
of
composite
polyoxotungstates/iron porphyrins
Monica Alebbi
Biomimetic photocatalysis in heterogeneous Systems.
1997
Luca Antolini
Photoredox properties of iron porphyrins on colloidal TiO2
Maldotti/Amadelli
1997
Leonardo Andreotti
O2 activation with photoexcited iron porphyrins within Nafion.
Maldotti
1998
Jacopo Volpe
1998
Luca Goldoni
1998
Paola Villani
Heterogenization of polyoxotungstates on SiO2 for photocatalytic Maldotti
oxidations.
Control of the photocatalytic properties of TiO2 for synthetic Maldotti/Amadelli
purposes: Functionalization with iron porphyrins.
Photoxidation of p-chloro-phenol on TiO2 and TiO2/Mg .
Maldotti/Amadelli
1998
Cristian Bardella
1999
Silvia Magon
1999
Luca Ferrari
1999
Alberto Pezzoli
1999
Eva Carli
1999
2000
Massimiliano
Bacilieri
Stefano Billo
2000
Marco Spiazzi
2000
Andrea Buzzoni
2000
Luca Samiolo
2001
Barbara Falcone
2001
Leonardo Barbieri
2001
Irene Vitali
2001
Stefano Carboni
2001
Luca Borgatti
1997
I-2
Supervisor
systems Maldotti
Maldotti/Amadelli
Formation and reactivity of synglet oxygen with Pd tetra-methylpyrydil-porphyrin caged in Nafion membranes.
Photocatalytic properties of
iron and manganese
tetraazaporphyrins: alkane oxidation.
Biomimetic redox processes induced by photoexcited iron
porphyrins.
Photocatalytic properties of composite systems Pd(II)/ Fe(III)
porphyrins within Nafion: Biomimetic oxidation of cyclohexene.
Oxidation of organic substrates in aqueous medium with
photoexcited iron porphyrins.
Photodegradation of trans-3,4-dihydroxicinnamic on TiO2.
Maldotti
Maldotti/Amadelli
Nitroaromatic reduction on semiconductors
Maldotti/Amadelli
Oxygenation of cycloalkenes with composite systems:
Pd(II)/Fe(III) porphyrin in polymeric matrices
Effect of the counter-cation on the photocatalytic properties of
W10O324-.
Photo-electrochemical investigation of
TiO2 modified with
vanadyl.
Photo-electrocatalysis with TiO2 in the presence of Glucose
Oxidase.
Photoxidation of alkanes catalysed by W10O324-immobilized on
SiO2 and MCM-41.
Reduction of O2 to H2O2 catalysed by Glucose Oxidase in the
presence of TiO2 photoexcited.
Model Systems of NO-syntase: oxidation of N-(4-chlorophenyl)N’-hydroxyguanidine with photoexcited iron porphyrins.
Photocatalytic oxidation of cycloalkenes with W10O324immobilized on silica materials.
Maldotti/Molinari
Bartocci
Maldotti
Maldotti
Maldotti
Maldotti/Molinari
Maldotti/Molinari
Maldotti/Amadelli
Maldotti/Molinari
Maldotti/Molinari
Maldotti
Maldotti/Molinari
Overview of Scientific Publications (1997-2001, including accepted papers ) per year
All the reported works are directly related to the main topics of the Consortium activity. We omit to report the
numerous proceedings of national and international congresses.
1997
A. Maldotti, R. Amadelli, V. Carassiti, A. Molinari,
“Catalytic oxygenation of cyclohexane by photoexcited (nBu4N)4W10O32: The role of radicals”.
Inorg. Chim. Acta, 256, 309-312, 1997.
315
E. Albizzati, U. Giannini, G. Balbontin, I. Camurati, J.C. Chadwick, T. Dall’occo, Y. Dubitsky, M. Galimberti, G.
Morini, A. Maldotti,
“Propylene polymerization with catalysts containing divalent titanium”.
J. Pol. Sci. Pol. Chem., 35, 2645-2652, 1997.
R. Amadelli, A. Maldotti, V. Carassiti,
“Inorganic Membranes as Photo- and Electrocatalysts”.
Chim. Ind., 79, 885-891, 1997.
A. Maldotti, C. Bartocci, R. Amadelli, A. Molinari, V. Carassiti,
“Metal porphyrin based photocatalysts in organized and constrained systems in Synthesis and methodologies in
inorganic chemistry”.
Da Olio S., Tondello E., Vigato P.A., 21-31, Eds. 1997.
1998
A. Molinari, A. Maldotti, R. Amadelli, V. Carassiti,
“Integrated Photocatalysts for Hydrocarbon oxidation: Polyoxotungstates/Iron-porphyrin systems in the reductive
activation of molecular oxygen”.
Inorg.Chim.Acta, 272, 197-203, 1998.
A. Maldotti, A. Molinari, L. Andreotti, M. Fogagnolo, R. Amadelli,
“Novel reactivity of photoexcited iron porphyrins caged into a polyfluorosulphonated membrane in catalytic
hydrocarbon oxygenation”.
Chem. Commun. 507-508, 1998.
P. Boarini, V. Carassiti, A. Maldotti, R. Amadelli,
“Photocatalytic oxygenation of cyclohexane on titanium dioxide suspensions: effect of the solvent and of oxygen”.
Langmuir, 14, 2080-2085, 1998.
A. Molinari, L. Andreotti, L. Antolini, A. Maldotti,
“Solar photooxidation of hydrocarbons by some types of inorganic photocatalysts”.
In Proceedings of the 2nd users workshop of the TMR programme at Plataforma Solar de Almeria, 129-134, 1998.
A. Babak, R. Amadelli, V.N. Fateev,
“Effect of perfluoro compounds on kinetics of the oxygen and ozone formation on the platinum anode”.
Russian J. Electrochem., 34, 149-151,1998.
A.B. Velichenko, D.V. Girenko, S.V. Kovalyov, A.N. Gnatenko, R. Amadelli, F.I. Danilov,
“Lead dioxide electrodeposition and its application: influence of fluoride and iron ions”.
J.Electroanal.Chem., 454, 203-208, 1998.
R. Amadelli, A.B. Velichenko, E. Tondello, L. Armelao, S. Daolio, M. Fabrizio,
“Ion bombardment of PbO2 films: water influence of cluster production”.
International J. of Mass Spectroscopy and Ion Processes, 179, 309-317, 1998.
R. Amadelli, T. Bonato, A. De Battisti, A. Babak, A. Velichenko,
“A comparative study of the electrooxidation of some phenolic compounds by electrogenerated O3 and by direct
electrolysis at PbO2 anodes”.
The Electrochemical Society Inc., PV 97-28, 51-60, 1998.
1999
C. Sabbioni, M.A. Raggi, G. Casamenti, Q. Zini, G. Varani,
“Comparison of fluorimetric reagents for the analysis of aluminium in mineral waters”.
Anal. Lett., 32, 123-137, 1999.
M.A. Raggi, C. Sabbioni. R. Mandrioli, Q. Zini, G. Varani,
“Spectrophotometric determination of silicate traces in hemodialysis solutions”.
J. Pharm. Biom. Anal., 20, 335-342, 1999.
A. Molinari, R. Amadelli, L. Andreotti, A. Maldotti,
316
“Heterogeneous photocatalysis for synthetic purposes: oxygenation of cyclohexane with H3PW12O40 and
(nBu4N)4W10O32 supported on silica”.
Journal of Chemical Society, Dalton Transaction, 1203-1204, 1999.
A. Maldotti, L. Andreotti, A. Molinari, V. Carassiti,
“Photochemically driven models of oxygenases based on the use of iron porphyrins”.
Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, 154-161,1999.
A. Maldotti, L. Andreotti, A. Molinari,
“Iron porphyrin based photocatalysts mimicking cytochrome P450 oxygenases: effect of reaction environment”.
In Coordination Chemistry at the Turn of the Century, G. Ondrejovic, A. Sirota (Eds), Slovak Technical University
Press, Bratislava, 191-202, 1999.
R. Amadelli, L. Armelao, E. Tondello, S. Daolio, M. Fabrizio, C. Pagura, A. Velichenko,
“A sims and xps study about ions influence on electrodeposited PbO2 films”.
Applied Surface Science, 142, 200-203, 1999.
R. Amadelli, L. Armelao, A.B. Velichenko, N.V. Nikolenko, D.V. Girenko, S.V Kovalyov. , F.I Danilov,
“Oxygen and ozone evolution at fluoride modified lead dioxide electrodes”.
Electrochimica Acta, 45, 757-765, 1999.
2000
A. Molinari, R. Amadelli, V. Carassiti, A. Maldotti,
“Photocatalyzed oxidation of cyclohexene and cyclooctene with (nBu4N)4W10O32 and (nBu4N)4W10O32/Fe(III)mesotetrakis (2,6-dichlorophenyl) porphyrin in homogeneous and heterogeneous systems”.
European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 91-96, 2000.
A. Maldotti, R. Amadelli, A. Molinari, V. Carassiti,
“Cyclohexane oxygenation with inorganic photocatalysts”.
in “Green Chemistry: Challenging Perspectives”; P. Tundo, P.T. Anastas (Eds), Oxford Science Publications, 124-143,
2000.
A. Molinari, R. Amadelli, L. Antolini, A. Maldotti, P. Battioni, D. Mansuy,
“Photoredox and photocatalytic processes on Fe(III)-porphyrin surface modified nanocrystalline TiO2 “.
Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, 521-531, 2000.
A. Maldotti, L. Andreotti, A. Molinari, S. Tollari, A. Penoni, S. Cenini,
“Photochemical and photocatalytic reduction of nitrobenzene in the presence of cyclohexene”.
J. Photochem. Photobiol. Chemistry, 129- 133, 2000.
G. Varani, A. Molinari, A. Maldotti, C. Bartocci,
“Oxidation of L-arginine to citrulline and nitrate induced by photoexcitation of a Fe-porphyrin cysteinate complex”.
Inorganica Chimica Acta, 122-124, 2000.
A.B. Velichenko, R. Amadelli, G.L Zucchini, D.V. Girenko, F.I. Danilov,
“Electrosynthesis and physicochemical properties of Fe-doped lead dioxide electrocatalysts”.
Electrochimica Acta, 4391, 4350, 2000.
A.B. Velichenko, N.V. Girenko, N.V. Nikolenko, R. Amadelli, E.A. Baranova, F.I. Danilov,
“Oxygen evolution on lead dioxide modified with fluorine and iron”.
Russian J. Electrochem., 36, 1216-1220, 2000.
A. Maldotti, atti della scuola di Pavia "Seminari di fotochimica molecolare e applicata", 2000.
R. Amadelli , A. De Battisti, D.V. Girenko, S.V. Kovalyov, A.B. Velichenko,
“Electrochemical oxidation of trans-3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid at PbO2 electrodes: direct electrolysis and
ozone mediated reactions compared”.
Electrochimica Acta, 46, 341-347, 2000.
2001
R. Amadelli, A.B. Velichenko,
317
“Lead dioxide electrodes for high potential processes”.
J. Serb. Chem. Soc., 66, 803-813, 2001.
A. Maldotti, L. Andreotti, A. Molinari, G. Varani, G. Cerichelli, M. Chiarini,
“Photocatalytic properties of iron porphyrins revisited in aqueous micellar environment:oxygenation of alkenes and
reductive degradation of carbon tetrachloride”.
Green Chemistry, 3, 42-46, 2001.
A. Maldotti, L. Andreotti, A. Molinari, S. Borisov, V. Vasil’ev,
“Photoinitiated catalysis in Nafion membranes containing palladium(II)
meso-tetrakis(N-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphyrin and Iron(III)meso-tetrakis-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)porphyrin
oxidations of alkenes”.
Chem. Eur. J., 7 (16), 3564- 3571, 2001.
for
O2-mediated
A. Maldotti, A. Molinari, G. Varani,
“Biomimetic photocatalysis: iron porphyrins in heterogeneous and organized systems”.
Int J. Med. Biol. Environ., 29, 7-17, 2001.
L. Ferrari, M. Spiazzi, A. Molinari, R. Amadelli, A. Maldotti,
“Selective photoreduction of p-nitrobenzaldehyde with TiO2 and CdS”;
Proceedings of the 1st Users Workshop at the Plataforma Solar de Almeria, p. 51-55, Series Ponencias, 2001.
A. Maldotti, A. Molinari G. Varani, M. Lenarda, L. Storaro, F. Bigi, R. Maggi, A. Mazzacani, G. Sartori,
“Immobilization of (n-Bu4N)4W10O32 on mesoporous silicas for photocatalytic oxidation of cycloalkanes
with molecular oxygen”.
J. Catal., 209, 210-216, 2002.
A. Maldotti, A. Molinari, R. Amadelli,
“Photocatalysis with organized systems for the oxofunctinalization of hydrocarbons by O2”;
Chem. Rev., in press on the special issue“Recoverable Catalysts and Reagents”
R. Amadelli , A. Maldotti, A. Molinari, F.I. Danilov, A.B.Velichenko,
“Influence of the electrode history and effects of the electrolyte composition and temperature on O2 evolution at βPbO2 anodes in acid media”.
J. Electroanal. Chem., in press.
A.B. Velichenko, R. Amadelli, A. Benedetti, D.V. Girenko, S.V. Kovalyov , F.I. Danilov ,
“Electrosynthesis and physicochemical properties of PbO2 films”.
J. Electrochem. Soc. , in press.
A.B. Velichenko, R. Amadelli, E.A. Baranova, D.V. Girenko, F.I Danilov.
“Electrodeposition of Co-doped Lead Dioxide and its physicochemical properties”.
J. Electroanal. Chem., in press.
A. Molinari, R. Amadelli, A. Mazzacani, G. Sartori, A. Maldotti,
“Tetralkylammonium and Sodium Decatungstate Heterogenized on Silica: Effects of the Nature of Cations on the
Photocatalytic Oxidation of Organic Substrates”.
Langmuir 18, 5400-5405, 2002.
I-4
R. Amadelli, L. Cassar, C. Pepe,
“Use of photocatalytic preparations of colloidal titanium dioxide for preserving the original appearance of cementitious,
stone, or marble products”.
PCT Int. Appl. 2001
Patent No. WO 2001000541
Appendix 3
318
Name of the Unit:
Research Director:
Years included
Name of Journal
Chem. Rev.
Chem Commun
Chem. Eur. J.
Green Chem.
Langmuir
Ferrara 1
Maldotti Andrea
1997-2001 including papers accepted for pubblication
Number
Articles
Factor
1
20.036
Chemistry:
Multidisciplinary
1
3.695
Chemistry:
Multidisciplinary
1
4.698
Chemistry:
Multidisciplinary
1
2.111
Chemistry:
Multidisciplinary
2
3.045
Chemistry, Physical
Applied Surf. Science
1
1.222
J. Chem. Soc. Dalton Trans.
1
2.502
Eur. J. Inorg. Chem.
1
2.222
J. Biol. Inorg. Chem.
1
3.045
Inorg. Chim. Acta
3
1.200
J. Catalysis
J. Mol. Catal. A: Chemical
J. Photochem. Photobiol. A:
Chemistry
J. Pol. Sci. Pol. Chem.
Electrochimica Acta
Russian J. Electrochem.
J. Electroanal. Chem
J. Electrochem. Soc.
Intern. J. Mass Spectr. and
Ion Processes
Anal. Lett.
J. Phar. Biom. Anal.
1
1
1
3.030
1.744
0.940
1
3
2
3
1
1
1.711
1.597
0.110
1.700
2.293
1.923
1
1
0.968
1.013
Ranking
1/118
11/118
10/118
20/118
13/91
Physics,
Condensed
Matter
Chemistry inorganic and
Nuclear
Chemistry Inorganic and
Nuclear
Nuclear
Nuclear
Chemistry, Physical
Chemistry, Physical
Chemistry, Physical
17/54
Polymer Science
Electrochemistry
Electrochemistry
Electrochemistry
Electrochemistry
Physics,
Atomic,
Molecular, Chemical
6/69
7/16
15/16
6/16
2/16
9/30
11/38
12/38
7/38
18/38
15/91
30/90
57/91
42/65
41/65
Comments on:
a) the method
The Citation Index method is a suitable mean to assess the contribution of the UdR to the international scientific
community.
b) the results
The above table clearly indicates that our research in the field of photo(electro)catalysis are mainly published on highrank journals in chemistry, inorganic chemistry and physical chemistry. A common characteristic, in any case, is the
interest for the possible application in catalysis.
In addition to the articles reported in the previous table we have some other papers that are not included in the Citation
Index (for example chapters on books).
319
FIRENZE
Unità di ricerca:
Università di Firenze
Dipartimento di Chimica
Prof. Andrea Scozzafava:
Name Andrea Scozzafava
Mailing Address Dipartimento di Chimica, via della Lastruccia 3, Polo Scientifico 50019 Sesto Fiorentino
Phone 055/4573273
Fax 055/5473363
Aree Tematiche
•
•
•
•
Processi chimici e tecnologie pulite
Trasformazioni nell’ambiente: 1
Metodologie analitiche avanzate: 3
Disinquinamento: 2
SCIENTIFIC LEADER
Prof. Andrea Scozzafava
OTHER MEMBERS OF THE RESEARCH GROUP
Name
Institution
Position
1.
Fabrizio Briganti
Department of Chemistry University of Florence
Associate Professor
2.
Marta Ferraroni
Researcher
3.
Silvia Tilli
Technician
4.
Demetrio Randazzo
Technician
5.
Ilaria Duchi
Ph.D. student
UNIVERSITY OR INSTITUTIONS INVOLVED IN THE RESEARCH GROUP
Department CHEMISTRY,
Laboratory of BIOINORGANIC CHEMISTRY
University of FLORENCE
City FLORENCE - ITALY
Experience
The present research unit has acquired more than 12 years of experiences in the study of a range of enzymatic
systems involved in the biodegradation processes of organic substances by soil microorganisms. Our workgroup is
involved in the isolation and purification of different oxygenases specific for mono- and polyaromatics from
bacteria such as Pseudomonas, Alcaligenes, Rhodococcus, Streptomyces, Acinetobacter and in their structural and
mechanistic characterization, at the molecular level, using kinetic, spectroscopic and crystallographic techniques.
Both the purification and the following characterization of such enzymatic systems are fundamental for the
320
comprehension of the mechanism

Assessment Attività e Unità di Ricerca 1998-2

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