Diapositiva 1

1.20E+00
1.00E+00
8.00E-01
6.00E-01
4.00E-01
2.00E-01
lunghezza d'onda (nm)
400
390
380
370
360
350
340
330
320
310
300
290
0.00E+00
280
W/m 2*nm
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
spettro solare 22 Luglio
spettro azione Eritema
coeff. spettro eritema
SPETTRORADIOMETRY
From the physical approach to the biological effects
in terms of energy the difference
between september 11 and July 22
is about 65%
in terms biologically effective
energy the increase is about 120%
Filters UV radiometer
Center wavelenghts:
305, 312, 320, 380 +/- 5 nm
Broad Band Radiometry
Other solar sensors
•
•
•
•
•
Global radiation
Diffuse radiation
PAR
Illuminance
Cloud cover
Monitoring the UV-Index in Florence
Towards a climatology of UV-I
Maximum daily UV-Index
Year
Long term changes and
climatology of UV
radiation over Europe
Control
UV-A supplementation
UV-B + UV-A
supplementation
Oak (quercus robur) leaves
TEM images of the upper epidermis of oak leaves. Phenolic compounts are
accumulated within the cellular wall in the UV-B treatment.
+UV-B
Control
Characterisation of the UV
radiative regime
in vineyards
UV exclusion studies
• Quality of wheat
yield
• Grapevine leaf age
and antioxidants
biosythesis
Towards a personal exposure concept
Studying the contribution of the environmental scattering
to the irradiance on a non-horizontal surface
(human exposure proxy)
COST Action 713 UV-B Forecasting
Clothing Protection Factors (CPF):
natural fibers and coloring
CPF are determined by the ratio of UV
erythemally effective (UVBEeryt) solar radiation
that is transmitted through the fabric
UV protection by clothing depends on a large
variety of factors, such as type of fiber, color
or moisture content
CPF
Protection
Transmittance
UVBEeryt (%)
≥ 30
Very High
≤ 3,3
≥ 20
High
3,4-5
≥ 10
Medium
5,1-10
< 10
Low
> 10
CPF calculation on
3 natural fibers
type colored with 8
natural colorants
Antonelli F., Grifoni D., Sabatini F. e Zipoli G. (1997) Morphological and physiological responses of bean plants to
supplemental UV radiation in mediterranean climate. Plant Ecology, Vol.128, pp. 127-136.
Antonelli F., Bussotti, Grifoni D., Grossoni, Mori, Tani e Zipoli G. (1998) Oak (Quercus robur L.) seedlings responses
to a realistic increase in UV-B radiation under open space conditions. Chemosphere Vol. 36, N° 4-5, pp. 841-845.
Antonelli F., Castelli A., Grifoni D. and Zipoli G. (1998) Effects of supplemental UV-B radiation on Physiological and
morphological parameters of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants grown in open space. Su Atti dell’ "International
symposium on applied agrometeorology and agroclimatology" Volos, Greece 24-26 Aprile 1996, pp.73-78. Ed:
Dalezios N.R. (European Commission).
Antonelli F., Grifoni D., Sabatini F. e Zipoli G. (1998) Methodologies to study UV-B effects on plants. A case of study:
adaptative responses of oak (Quercus robur L.) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) plants exposed to UV-B in open
space conditions. Atti dell’ “European School of climatology and natural hazards course” tenutasi in Volterra dal 16
al 23 Marzo 1996. Ed: Peter D., Maracchi G. e Ghazi A. (European Commission).
Bacci L., Grifoni D., Sabatini F. e Zipoli G. Risposte morfofisiologiche di due linee di pomodoro ad accresciuti livelli
DI UV-B. (1998) Atti del convegno “IV Giornate scientifiche S.O.I”, Sanremo, 1-3 Aprile 1998.
Bacci L., Grifoni D., Sabatini F. and Zipoli G. (1999) UV-B radiation causes early ripening and reduction in size of
fruits in two lines of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill). Global Change Biology 5, 635-646.
Benincasa F., Fasano G., Grifoni D., Materassi A. e Zipoli G. (2000) “AMI: Automatically modulated Irradiator”
Proceedings of 7th ICCTA “Computer Technology in Agricultural Management and Risk Prevention”, Florence
November 1998, Supplemento Atti dei Georgofili Anno 2000, edited by C. Conese e M.A. Falchi, pp. 427-434.
P. Koepke, H. De Backer, P. Eriksen, U. Feister, D. Grifoni, T. Koskela, A. Lehmann, Z. Litynska, A. Schmalwieser, H.
Staiger, and K. Vanicek, (2001) “An overview of the results from the comparison of UV-index forecasted and
measured at all atmospheric conditions including clouds” Proceedings IRS 2000: Current problems in atmospheric
radiation. A. Deepak Publishing, 2001, Hampton, Virg, USA.
Grifoni D. e Zipoli G. (2003) Radiazione Ultravioletta: rischi e prevenzione. L’ottico, 15-20.
D. Grifoni, F. Sabatini, G. Carreras e G. Zipoli (2004) Monitoraggio della radiazione ultravioletta: cinque anni di
rilevamenti a Firenze. ARPA Rivista, Anno VII, n°1, Gennaio-Febbraio 2004.
D.Grifoni G.Carreras, F.Sabatini, G.Zipoli (2005) UV hazard on a summertime day under Mediterranean conditions
and protective role of a beach umbrella. International Journal of Biometeorology DOI: 10.1007/s00484-005-0278-y