Il “Chi è” della ricerca ambientale in Italia
Transcript
Il “Chi è” della ricerca ambientale in Italia
Fondazione Lombardia per l’Ambiente Il “Chi è” della ricerca ambientale in Italia Valutazione statistica della produzione scientifica italiana nel settore ambientale a cura di Marino Gatto Giulio De Leo Gianmarco Paris Il “Chi è” della ricerca ambientale in Italia Valutazione statistica della produzione scientifica italiana nel settore ambientale a cura di Marino Gatto Giulio De Leo Gianmarco Paris Fondazione Lombardia per l’Ambiente Foro Bonaparte 12 - 20121 Milano tel. + 39(2)809169 fax + 39(2)72002398 [email protected] www.flanet.org Consiglio di Amministrazione Presidente: Giovanni Bottari Vicepresidente: Achille Cutrera Consiglieri: Paolo Colombani, Adriano de Maio, Massimo Donati, Clemente Galbiati, Paolo Mantegazza, Roberto Schmid Coordinatore scientifico: Antonio Ballarin Denti Programma editoriale ideato e curato da: Salvatore Giannella Coordinamento editoriale: Rosa Maria Panattoni Revisione: Diana Borio, Laura Bonini Progettazione e impaginazione: Laura Bonini © 1999 Copyright Fondazione Lombardia per l’Ambiente Proprietà letteraria riservata Nessuna parte di questo volume può essere riprodotta o utilizzata sotto nessuna forma, senza permesso scritto, tranne che per brevi passaggi in sede di recensione e comunque citando la fonte. Indice Presentazione Riassunto pag. 7 9 Capitolo 1 Materiali 13 Introduzione 1.1 Il database di riferimento 1.2 Indici bibliografici di qualità di articoli e di riviste 1.3 Scelta delle riviste 14 15 16 17 Capitolo 2 Risultati 21 Premessa 2.1 Statistiche generali 2.2 Produzione scientifica nei vari settori delle scienze ambientali 2.3 Produzione scientifica nelle diverse organizzazioni di ricerca 2.4 Confronto fra citazioni attese e citazioni ricevute 2.5 Contributi per aree geografiche italiane 22 22 24 25 27 30 Capitolo 3 L’indirizzario 31 Capitolo 4 Conclusioni 35 Bibliografia 39 Appendice 1 41 Appendice 2 47 Indice analitico degli autori 151 5 6 Presentazione I l problema della valutazione qualitativa della ricerca e dei suoi risultati e, più in generale, dell’efficienza delle nostre strutture di produzione scientifica, è sempre stato affrontato in Italia con superficialità e in modi inadeguati. Il dibattito si è quasi esclusivamente ristretto all’ambiente accademico e solo di rado trova eco nei mass media e nelle istituzioni politiche. Anche in queste rare occasioni, tuttavia, l’enfasi è sempre posta su presunti illeciti compiuti dalle commissioni giudicatrici dei concorsi per professore universitario, ponendo in secondo piano gli aspetti ben più rilevanti legati all’analisi della qualità della ricerca nel nostro Paese. Negli ultimi 15 anni sono state formate diverse commissioni per valutare la produttività scientifica delle organizzazioni e degli enti che operano nel campo della ricerca utilizzando fondi pubblici. Il lavoro svolto da queste commissioni, tuttavia, non ha mai prodotto rapporti dettagliati e non sono mai state intraprese azioni evidenti a seguito delle numerose verifiche effettuate. Anche il recente gruppo di lavoro istituito dal Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica (Rapporto Berlinguer, 1997) non ha prodotto nulla più che una lodevole dichiarazione d’intenti e un dettagliato catalogo dei centri di ricerca scientifica, delle diverse attività di ricerca e del numero di ricercatori impegnati. Le 71 pagine di grafici e commenti non contengono informazioni di base su come, dove e con quali risultati vengono spesi i finanziamenti alla ricerca, né forniscono dati riguardo alla quantità di finanziamenti erogati rispetto alla produzione scientifica dei vari centri di ricerca o dei vari progetti. Manca peraltro ancora in Italia un’anagrafe dettagliata della ricerca scientifica in grado di rendere individuabili, settore per settore, i singoli ricercatori e i loro gruppi di ricerca, i progetti svolti o in svolgimento, i loro risultati, le ricadute applicative o tecnologiche, i finanziamenti pubblici ottenuti, le loro dotazioni strumentali, le collaborazioni in atto con gruppi esteri. Per ciò che attiene al settore delle Scienze Ambientali (intese in senso lato come l’insieme di tutte le attività di ricerca inerenti a problemi ambientali indipendentemente dagli approcci disciplinari impiegati), la Fondazione Lombardia per l’Ambiente aveva avviato fin dal 1992 un progetto di censimento dei ricercatori e dei progetti di ricerca che, aggiornato annualmente a partire dal 1994, ha permesso di catalogare oltre 1200 progetti, 1000 ricercatori e oltre 400 enti o gruppi di ricerca. A questa banca dati (disponibile anche in versione elettronica e in inglese) si è recentemente aggiunto anche un altro settore riguardante la produzione di tesi di laurea e di dottorato da parte delle Università italiane. Restava tuttavia irrisolto il problema della valutazione qualitativa della nostra ricerca ambientale. Quanto sono competitivi i nostri ricercatori nel contesto scientifico internazionale? Qual è il loro 7 tasso di produttività secondo i parametri adottati dalla comunità scientifica? Vi sono in questo settore centri o gruppi che possono definirsi di eccellenza? Qual è il rapporto costi/efficacia degli investimenti fatti da parte pubblica e privata nel settore della ricerca ambientale? Per rispondere a questi quesiti, essenziali per una valutazione di merito della nostra cultura scientifica ambientale (anche ai fini di un suo efficace utilizzo nell’applicazione tecnologica e negli interventi della pubblica amministrazione), la Fondazione ha attivato un qualificato gruppo di ricercatori del Politecnico di Milano guidati dal professor Marino Gatto, ordinario di Ecologia nello stesso Ateneo, che ha affrontato con successo il compito assegnatogli sulla base di un’originale metodologia. Un primo positivo riscontro della validità del metodo impiegato e dei risultati ottenuti si è avuto dalla prestigiosa rivista Nature che nel 1998 ha pubblicato una prima serie di risultati di questa ricerca, unica nel panorama italiano e tra le più avanzate nel contesto internazionale. L’approccio impiegato dal gruppo di ricerca del prof. Gatto è consistito nell’impiego di indicatori bibliometrici fondati sull’analisi delle pubblicazioni dei ricercatori italiani sulle più qualificate riviste scientifiche internazionali di Scienze Ambientali. Questo approccio garantisce di per sé l’introduzione di un criterio di qualità molto stringente, in quanto la quasi totalità delle riviste scientifiche che si intende qui esaminare è soggetta a peer 8 review (cioè allo scrutinio di scienziati notoriamente competenti nel settore) più o meno severa; pertanto solo le ricerche di medio o alto valore scientifico vengono accettate dagli editor delle riviste. Inoltre, lo stesso carattere internazionale di molte pubblicazioni garantisce un impatto, se pur minimo, anche al di fuori dei nostri confini nazionali, nonché un marchio di qualità indiscusso e accettato dalla comunità scientifica internazionale. Lo studio è basato su 231 fra le migliori riviste internazionali del settore ambientale e le categorie prese in considerazione ricoprono un ampio spettro delle Scienze dell’Ambiente in senso lato (Ecologia, Risorse Idriche, Inquinamento, Foreste ecc.). Accanto alla valutazione della produzione scientifica nel settore ambientale è stato inoltre prodotto un dettagliato indirizzario dei migliori ricercatori italiani nel settore ambientale (circa 1100 persone che hanno pubblicato almeno 3 articoli fra il 1990 e il 1995) che può costituire un primo tentativo per determinare il “Chi è” della ricerca ambientale nel nostro Paese. La speranza è che questo nostro contributo possa stimolare gli organismi istituzionali competenti a realizzare a scala più ampia – e non quindi al ristretto settore delle Scienze Ambientali – una valutazione qualitativa della ricerca in Italia. Antonio Ballarin Denti Coordinatore scientifico Fondazione Lombardia per l’Ambiente Riassunto L ’impiego di indici bibliometrici è stato a lungo discusso in Italia soprattutto in rapporto alla valutazione dei candidati ai concorsi per professore associato e ordinario e questa discussione ha avuto risonanza anche su riviste come Nature (Abbot, 1996; Bignami, 1996; Abbot, 1997). Tuttavia l’analisi della produzione scientifica può giocare un ruolo importante – anche se non esclusivo (Statzner et al., 1995) – nell’orientare la politica di finanziamento della ricerca del nostro Paese. Sfortunatamente fino a oggi le autorità preposte alla gestione dei finanziamenti per la ricerca non hanno fatto grandi sforzi in questa direzione. Per colmare in parte questo vuoto, abbiamo valutato la produttività dei ricercatori italiani in campo ambientale dal 1981 al 1995 in uno studio finanziato dalla Fondazione Lombardia per l’Ambiente. Sono stati analizzati gli articoli pubblicati su 231 riviste d’alto livello (Gatto et al., 1997) estraendo le informazioni dal database bibliografico SCISEARCH (ISI, 1996a) prodotto dall’ISI (Institute for Scientific Information). Sono state considerate tutte le 142 riviste catalogate nel settore Ambiente/Ecologia del Current Contents dell’ISI, ma la lista è stata ampliata includendo riviste selezionate da altri settori (Biologia Marina e d’Acqua Dolce, Risorse Idriche, Scienze Forestali ecc.) del Journal of Citation Reports per meglio coprire l’ampio ventaglio delle Scienze Ambientali. I risultati preliminari del nostro studio sono comparsi sulla rivista Nature (De Leo et al., 1998; Paris et al., 1998). Il grafico riporta i principali trend degli ultimi 15 anni emersi dal nostro studio. Il numero di articoli, di autori e di autori per articolo cresce significativamente col tempo, ma l’indice di produttività scientifica – calcolato come la media del numero pesato di articoli per autore (peso = 1/n, dove n = n° di autori per articolo) – decresce. Per quanto riguarda l’Impact Factor (un indice dell’importanza di una rivista basato sul numero di citazioni che gli articoli della rivista ricevono), la media è abbastanza costante nel tempo ma con notevoli oscillazioni. Nella tabella I è invece riportato un riassunto delle performance delle istituzioni scientifiche italiane che operano in campo ambientale raggruppate in 4 grandi categorie: Università, CNR, ENEA e tutte le altre organizzazioni minori. È evidente la disparità esistente tra ENEA e altre istituzioni. Abbiamo infine analizzato la produzione dei ricercatori italiani in differenti discipline ambientali. L’analisi ha messo inoltre in evidenza come la produzione in Ecologia (considerata un po’ come la disciplina di bandiera del settore) sia qualitativamente nella media, ma quantitativamente scarsa. Questo è dimostrato dal fatto che il 16% delle riviste analizzate sono classificate come riviste di Ecologia, ma solo il 7% de9 gli articoli pubblicati da ricercatori italiani è apparso in queste riviste. Alla categoria dell’ISI “Environmental Sciences”, invece, che raggruppa un ampio spettro di riviste non ecologiche pari al 28% del totale, è attribuibile il 39% degli articoli. Si può pertanto giungere alle seguenti conclusioni: • nonostante la produzione dei ricercatori italiani in campo ambientale in termini di numero totale di articoli sia aumentata negli ultimi 15 anni, il tasso di produttività pro capite è diminuito; sarebbe interessante indagare se ciò sia avvenuto anche in altri campi della ricerca scientifica vista l’esiguità degli stanziamenti e (a) la scarsa attenzione dedicata a scienza e tecnologia nel nostro Paese; • l’ENEA (che dovrebbe essere l’istituzione trainante nella ricerca ambientale italiana e che riceve considerevoli risorse sia finanziarie sia umane) non ha un’adeguata produzione scientifica in campo ambientale; • il minor share degli articoli della categoria “Ecologia” rispetto a quello della categoria “Altre Scienze Ambientali” sembra indicare o che ci sono ancora pochi ecologi con un elevato profilo scientifico o che questa disciplina non è finanziata a sufficienza oppure che entrambe queste ragioni sono valide. n° articoli n° autori 2000 1500 500 1000 300 100 n° autori n° articoli 700 500 80 85 90 95 0 anno (b) indice di produttività n° autori per articolo Impact Factor medio 4,5 3,5 0,38 2,5 0,34 1,5 0,30 n° autori per articolo Impact Factor medio produttività 0,42 0,5 80 85 90 95 anno Figura 1 - (a) numero di articoli prodotti ogni anno e numero di autori che hanno pubblicato almeno un articolo nel periodo 1981-95; (b) indice di produttività scientifica, numero medio di autori per articolo e valore medio di Impact Factor per articolo. Il numero totale di articoli, di autori e di autori per articolo è significativamente crescente nel tempo mentre l’indice di produttività scientifica è significativamente decrescente. 10 Istituzione Università CNR ENEA Altre Organizzazioni Share articoli (%) N° medio di citazioni per articolo Impact Factor medio 55,30 15,90 1,90 26,90 3,94 4,68 2,22 3,89 1,25 1,24 1,01 1,34 Tabella I - Performance delle istituzioni scientifiche italiane nel campo ambientale. 11 Capitolo 1 Materiali IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA Introduzione I l settore ambientale ha conosciuto negli ultimi dieci anni uno sviluppo imponente. Dalla ricerca nell’Ecologia di base alle applicazioni avanzate nei settori più tipicamente ingegneristici, il numero di ricercatori attivi è aumentato sensibilmente, tanto che anche su un territorio relativamente limitato come quello italiano può risultare arduo ricostruire, anche solo a grandi linee, una mappa aggiornata e completa dei centri di ricerca, un rendiconto dei progetti di ricerca in corso e una lista degli operatori scientifici nel settore ambientale. La situazione risulta complicata dal fatto che i termini “ecologia” e “ambiente” hanno assunto via via una connotazione sempre più generale, venendo a interessare col tempo settori come la meteorologia, l’ingegneria forestale, l’agricoltura, la tutela della salute umana e molti altri ancora. Diversi Paesi europei si sono da tempo attivati per organizzare, regolare e certificare le attività professionali, nonché quelle di ricerca di base e di ricerca applicata nei vari settori scientifici (European Commission, 1994). L’Italia si sta muovendo solo da poco in questo campo, ma, a nostra conoscenza, non esistono nel settore ambientale iniziative basate anche su indicatori di qualità della ricerca. Mentre moltissimi centri di ricerca affermano di essere attivamente impegnati sul fronte ambientale, raramente si è verificato se la produzione scientifica riesce ad arrivare ai più ampi e prestigiosi canali di diffusione internazionali, nella quasi totalità dei casi basati su pubblicazioni scientifiche in lingua inglese. La politica d’indirizzo e finanziamento della ricerca si trova così a essere priva di uno dei suoi strumenti fondamentali. Sullo sfondo di un panorama poco vi14 vace e interessante, in cui le informazioni, anche quando accessibili, sono disomogenee e lacunose, fa spicco l’iniziativa Dossier Ambiente intrapresa dalla Fondazione Lombardia per l’Ambiente al fine di catalogare i ricercatori italiani nel settore ambientale e di costruire una mappa dei progetti di ricerca in corso nel nostro Paese. Dossier Ambiente è un progetto imponente, capillare e sistematico per raccogliere informazioni sul tipo e la qualità della ricerca ambientale svolta in Italia. Il Dossier è stato articolato essenzialmente in tre fasi: elaborazione di questionari tipo, individuazione degli enti da censire e raccolta ed elaborazione delle risposte e/o della documentazione tecnica. Il progetto ha avuto un notevole successo ed è stato accolto con entusiasmo dagli operatori del settore. La Banca Dati della Fondazione Lombardia per l’Ambiente (1997) contiene attualmente oltre 1200 schede fra unità di ricerca e progetti e costituisce la più completa descrizione delle attività ambientali oggi reperibile in Italia. I n seguito a una serie di proficui colloqui avvenuti fra la fine del 1995 e l’inizio del 1996 con Antonio Ballarin Denti e Daniela Antoniotti della Fondazione Lombardia per l’Ambiente, è apparso chiaro che il lavoro intrapreso con il Dossier Ambiente, per quanto già eccellente sia da un punto di vista qualitativo che quan titativo, era suscettibile di ulteriori integrazioni volte a consolidare in modo particolare gli aspetti relativi alla valutazione della qualità della ricerca accademica prodotta da ricercatori residenti in Italia, ma con un’importante interfaccia a livello internazionale. Inoltre si poneva il problema di raggiungere anche quei ricer- Capitolo 1 MATERIALI catori che, seppur presenti nel panorama della ricerca scientifica internazionale nel settore ambientale, sfuggivano per vari motivi al vaglio del Dossier Ambiente. Infatti, solo una parte degli enti interpellati aveva restituito le schede compilate secondo le istruzioni che erano state inviate, con il risultato che il corredo di informazioni attinenti agli 885 progetti censiti era disomogeneo e lacunoso. Infine, i criteri di valutazione dell’attendibilità scientifica erano stati in larga parte soggettivi se non addirittura assenti, in quanto non era stato possibile determinare né direttamente né indirettamente l’impatto che le ricerche avevano avuto sulla comunità scientifica nazionale e internazionale. Come indicato nello stesso Dossier Ambiente, solo un’analisi condotta con un sistema di peer review caso per caso avrebbe potuto permettere una valutazione di merito circa la solidità scientifica e le po- 1.1 Il database di riferimento Il mercato offre oggi un numero impressionante di banche dati bibliografiche (per ulteriori dettagli si veda De Leo, 1995). D ate le finalità di questo studio si era ovviamente interessati a esaminare solo quelle banche dati che presentassero i seguenti requisiti minimi: • essere fornite su supporto elettronico tipo CD-ROM, dischetti e nastri magnetici o Internet; • essere accessibili tramite software di uso relativamente semplice, presentarsi sotto forma di vero e proprio database per la ricerca sistematica automatizzata cioè tra- tenzialità tecniche di un dato gruppo/progetto. Per queste ragioni è nato il presente lavoro, come progetto di utilizzare i moderni strumenti bibliometrici per analizzare la produzione scientifica italiana in campo ambientale. L o studio vuole essere uno stimolo a considerare il problema della valutazione oggettiva dell’attività di ricerca. Il lavoro ha solo scopi di censimento dei ricercatori che in campo ambientale pubblicano su riviste internazionali. Si è deciso coscientemente di non affrontare in modo esplicito alcuni problemi particolarmente delicati (per esempio la discussione sul valore e sulle cautele da usare in questo tipo di indagine se usata a scopo valutativo, per cui si veda Statzner, 1995), sia per mancanza di spazio, sia soprattutto per consentire ulteriori contributi, magari partendo proprio dai limiti che il lavoro presenta. mite query o interrogazione alla banca dati; • ricoprire ovviamente aree di interesse ambientale in senso lato, come per esempio Ecologia, Pianificazione del Territorio, Meteorologia. Sono state individuate almeno 14 banche dati che soddisfano questi requisiti. Tali banche dati sono: Agricola Aquatic Science and Fisheries Abstracts Biosis Previews Compendex Plus Current Contents Search Environline Environmental Bibliography 15 IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA Meteorological and Geoastrophysical Abtracts NTIS Oceanic Abstracts Pollution Abstracts SCISEARCH Toxline Water Resources Abstracts T utti questi prodotti sono costituiti essenzialmente da un database elettronico indicizzato in cui ciascun record ha almeno i seguenti campi: • il titolo di una pubblicazione, sia essa su rivista tecnica, libro, atti di convegno, monografia, rapporto tecnico ecc.; • il nome degli autori; • l’indirizzo dell’affiliazione almeno del primo autore, se ce n’è più di uno; • il nome della rivista o delle pubblicazioni; • la data della pubblicazione; • il volume e le pagine relative alla pubblicazione. Ovviamente ai fini della presente ricerca risultava di particolare importanza la possibilità di formulare interrogazioni riguardanti la sede dell’affiliazione per verificare nel campo indirizzo se l’autore della pubblicazione fosse italiano e, in caso positivo, per archiviare il nome e il cognome dell’autore medesimo. Sfortunatamente la maggior parte di queste banche dati bibliografiche riporta solo l’indirizzo del primo autore e quindi ai fini della nostra ricerca non assicurava la garanzia di individuare tutti gli autori con affiliazione italiana, indipendentemente dalla loro posizione. Fra le numerose banche dati disponibili sul mercato la nostra scelta è caduta su SCISEARCH (ISI, 1996a), indice multidisciplinare della letteratura scientifica, tecnologica e biomedica. È prodotto dall’ISI (Institute for Scientific Information) e raccoglie dati a partire dal 1981. È probabilmente una delle banche dati più complete e tiene sotto monitoraggio attualmente più di 4500 fra le maggiori riviste tecniche. Inoltre quella dell’ISI è, a nostra co16 noscenza, l’unica banca dati con un ampio settore ambientale che assicuri la possibilità di individuare tutte le pubblicazioni in cui almeno uno degli autori afferisce a un centro di ricerca italiano e che consenta di metterle in relazione con le citazioni che esse ricevono. Anche recentemente per un’analisi della ricerca scientifica a livello sovranazionale pubblicata su Science da May (1997) è stata utilizzata la medesima banca dati. Tale banca dati permette di recuperare per ogni articolo: • il nome della rivista, il titolo e la data della pubblicazione, il volume e le pagine relative alla pubblicazione; • il nome degli autori e la loro affiliazione; • il numero di citazioni effettive e di citazioni attese. Naturalmente questa banca dati non permette di individuare (come del resto nessun’altra) ricercatori che, pur essendo italiani, sono affiliati a istituzioni straniere, né permette di eliminare ricercatori di nazionalità estera, ma affiliati a istituzioni residenti in Italia (come il Joint Research Center di Ispra, uno dei centri di ricerca della Comunità Europea). 1.2 Indici bibliografici di qualità di articoli e di riviste Il database dell’ISI pubblica direttamente o permette di ricavare alcuni indici bibliografici che cercano di stimare la qualità di un articolo o di una rivista scientifica. Descriviamo qui di seguito i più importanti di questi indici. Il Journal Impact Factor (IF), pubblicato nel Journal of Citation Report dell’ISI (1996b), è essenzialmente una misura della frequenza media con cui un articolo generico di una certa rivista è stato citato in un periodo di due anni dalla sua pubblicazione. L’IF per l’anno t viene calcolato come rapporto fra il numero complessivo di citazioni nell’anno t ad articoli Capitolo 1 MATERIALI della rivista comparsi nei due anni precedenti, t-1 e t-2, e il numero totale di articoli pubblicati nei medesimi due anni sulla stessa rivista. Pertanto, l’Impact Factor non è altro che la media del numero di citazioni per articolo di una determinata rivista. La finestra di due anni è stata scelta in base a studi dettagliati che hanno mostrato che buona parte delle citazioni hanno luogo nei primi due anni che seguono la pubblicazione dell’articolo. È da notare che il numero di citazioni viene riscalato per il numero di articoli pubblicati da una certa rivista, per non penalizzare riviste che per politica editoriale decidono di pubblicare pochi numeri e pochi articoli in un anno rispetto a riviste che pubblicano moltissimi numeri e moltissimi articoli. A bbiamo considerato gli IF delle riviste per gli anni 1988, 1991, 1992, 1995. L’esame dei Journal Impact Factor fra il 1988 e il 1995 mostra che esistono piccole oscillazioni dell’IF negli anni, ma che queste sono tuttavia contenute e tali da non modificare generalmente la graduatoria delle riviste. Altri indici che utilizzeremo sono il numero atteso di citazioni per ogni articolo (XCR, eXpected Citation Rate) e l’impatto di citazione relativo (RCI, Relative Citation Impact). Il numero atteso di citazioni nell’anno t per un articolo pubblicato nell’anno t-m è il numero medio di citazioni che un articolo di quella rivista, di quell’anno e di quel tipo (nota, recensione, editoriale ecc.) ha ricevuto dall’anno t-m all’anno t. Ovviamente l’XCR può essere utilmente paragonato al numero effettivo di citazioni (pure riportato dall’ISI) che un articolo ha ricevuto dalla data di pubblicazione fino all’anno di riferimento. Il confronto tra XCR e numero effettivo di citazioni di un dato articolo consente di analizzare il contributo (positivo e negativo) di ciascun lavoro alla qualità della rivista o a segnalare il lavoro citatissimo in una rivista di scarso valore. Invece l’impatto di citazione relativo viene definito per una categoria di articoli (per esempio appartenenti a uno stesso settore o a una stessa organizzazione): sia Pi il numero di articoli della categoria i e Ci il numero di citazioni a quegli articoli; allora, detti P = Σ i Pi il numero totale di articoli, C = Σ i Ci il numero totale di citazioni, pi = Pi / P lo share degli articoli, c i = Ci /C lo share delle citazioni, l’impatto di citazione relativo della categoria i-esima è dato da RCIi = c i / pi . Perciò l’RCI di una categoria di articoli è il numero medio di citazioni per articolo di quella categoria riscalato rispetto al numero medio di citazioni di un qualsiasi articolo. 1.3 Scelta delle riviste Dal momento che SCISEARCH dell’ISI è un database del tutto generale e non specifico per le pubblicazioni nel settore ambientale, è necessario definire esplicitamente qual è l’elenco delle riviste su cui si vuole operare la ricerca. Fin da un primo esame dei database bibliografici emerge subito il fatto che il settore connesso con le tematiche ambientali risulta estremamente vasto e bisogna quindi fare una selezione mirata, anche per restringere l’indagine a un numero di articoli ragionevole. È perciò necessario selezionare le riviste che risultano centrali rispetto all’obiettivo di individuare i ricercatori che si occupano prevalentemente e ad alto livello di Scienze Ambientali. Tale selezione risulterebbe largamente soggettiva, e quindi di limitato impatto, se non si utilizzassero alcuni criteri di tipo qualitativo e quantitativo. I l primo criterio di scelta è stato quello di considerare in blocco il settore Environment/Ecology della classificazione ISI Current Contents (ISI, 1995). La categoria Environment/Ecology comprende ben 142 riviste riguardanti una gamma molto ampia di tematiche che vanno dall’Ecologia alla Protezione dell’Ambiente, alla Pianificazione Ambientale, all’Inquinamento Atmosferico, alla Qualità delle Acque, alla Salute Pubblica, alla 17 IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA Gestione delle Risorse Rinnovabili e non Rinnovabili ecc. Nella grande maggioranza sono riviste di importanza medio-alta in ciascun sottosettore secondo criteri oggettivi e largamente riconosciuti dalla comunità scientifica internazionale, anche se alcune riviste comprese nella categoria Environment/ Ecology di Current Contents non sembrano interessare particolarmente la nostra indagine, perché non pubblicate in lingua inglese (ma piuttosto in svedese, russo ecc.) o perché pertinenti un’area geografica piuttosto limitata (Paesi nordici, per esempio). Per un certo numero di riviste non è stato possibile determinare l’Impact Factor, o perché non riportato sul Journal of Citation Report dell’ISI, sebbene le riviste fossero presenti nella classificazione Environment/Ecology di Current Contents, o perché la rivista risulta di recente pubblicazione e quindi l’ISI non disponeva del periodo di tempo minimo necessario per il calcolo dell’indice di impatto. I l secondo criterio nasce dalla necessità di integrare il settore Environment/ Ecology con riviste più specialistiche. Esse sono state selezionate dalla classificazione del Journal of Citation Report dell’ISI che attribuisce le riviste scientifiche a circa 150 categorie. Le varie categorie non hanno necessariamente intersezione nulla, in quanto alcune riviste sono presenti in una o più categorie affini. Ogni categoria comprende infatti non solo le riviste di maggior impatto, ma anche tutte le riviste internazionali di importanza minore, oppure estremamente specialistiche. Per integrare l’elenco delle riviste si è deciso di esaminare a una a una le riviste presenti nelle seguenti categorie del Journal of Citation Report (ISI, 1996b): Agriculture Biotechnology Biology Ecology Environmental Sciences Forestry 18 Fisheries Geography Marine & Freshwater Biology Limnology Oceanography Plant Sciences Zoology Water Resources Multidisciplinary Il settore Ecology è questa volta ristretto alla Scienza dell’Ecologia in senso letterale e non più in senso lato (cioè come “Scienza dell’Ambiente”) e raccoglie un’ottantina di riviste di diverso valore e diffusione. Invece il settore Environmental Sciences raccoglie essenzialmente riviste dedicate ad altre scienze ambientali, soprattutto nel campo della protezione dall’inquinamento. Se l’elenco delle 142 riviste del settore Environment/Ecology dei Current Contents venisse integrato aggiungendo tutte le riviste presenti nelle suddette categorie, il loro numero complessivo aumenterebbe sproporzionatamente e si finirebbe per considerare anche riviste molto specializzate che con l’ambiente hanno relativamente poco a che fare. Per questo motivo, da questi elenchi è stato selezionato un numero ristretto di riviste in base ai seguenti criteri: • pertinenza con tematiche ambientali; • valore del Journal Impact Factor. Un ulteriore problema è posto dal fatto che l’individuazione dei ricercatori italiani che operano nel settore ambientale non si può limitare ovviamente alle sole riviste tecniche di settore, ma deve venire estesa anche alle riviste generali o multisettore di grande prestigio. Per questo motivo sono state incluse nel nostro elenco riviste come Nature, Bioscience e Science. Proprio per il loro carattere di interdisciplinarietà, la ricerca automatica di autori italiani su queste riviste ha portato a selezionare molti ricercatori il cui settore non è quello delle Scienze Ambientali (ma per esempio Medici- Capitolo 1 MATERIALI na o Fisica). In questo caso, e per queste sole riviste, è stato perciò necessario analizzare a uno a uno tutti i record selezionati e attribuire manualmente l’appartenenza al nostro database in funzione della pertinenza dell’ogget- to della ricerca al settore delle Scienze Ambientali, almeno per quanto si può capire dal titolo. Utilizzando questi criteri, sono state incluse nell’elenco altre 89 riviste oltre alle 142 già considerate, per un totale di 231. 19 Capitolo 2 Risultati IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA Premessa L ’orizzonte temporale della nostra indagine va dal 1981 al 1995. Su più di 20 delle 231 riviste selezionate non ha mai pubblicato alcun ricercatore italiano e pertanto queste riviste sono state eliminate dalle successive elaborazioni. Tutte le statistiche riportate nel seguito si riferiscono quindi alle 206 riviste su cui almeno un ricercatore italiano è riuscito a pubblicare fra il 1981 e il 1995. L’elenco delle riviste è riportato inAppendice 1. Nel periodo suddetto sono stati contati complessivamente 4835 articoli e 8103 autori. Il 2.1 Statistiche generali Il numero di articoli pubblicati annualmente da ricercatori italiani cresce progressivamente di anno in anno passando, seppure con qualche fluttuazione, da poco più di 100 nel 1981 a circa 550 nel 1995 (figura 2.1). Questo incremento segue un andamento generale della ricerca a livello europeo (Nature News, 1997). Per valutare se esiste un trend temporale anche nella qualità delle pubblicazioni è stato associato a ogni articolo l’Impact Factor della rivista corrispondente e calcolato quindi il valore medio per ogni anno. Questo indice non presenta un trend significativo durante i 15 anni presi in esame, anche se fra il 1982 e il 1988 scende da 1,8 a 1,05 per poi risalire progressivamente a 1,3 nel 1995. È anche interessante vedere come si distribuiscono gli articoli in varie classi di IF: sono state introdotte sette classi (<0,4, 0,40,6, 0,6-0,8, 0,8-1,2, 1,2-2, 2-4, 4-28), ciascuna delle quali, a parte la massima, comprende al suo interno un numero circa uguale di riviste. La figura 2.2 riporta questa statistica sia per l’intero quindicennio 1981-95 sia per gli ultimi 6 anni dal 1990 al 1995. Le differenze non sono rilevanti, anche se per gli anni recenti si può notare una vaga bimodalità con un gruppo di articoli che si concentra su IF più alti (1,22) e un gruppo su IF più bassi (0,6-0,8). 22 75% di tutti gli articoli è stato pubblicato su sole 50 riviste, cioè sul 24,27% di quelle totali. Questo sembra garantire che il bersaglio è stato centrato e cioè che sono state incluse nell’elenco di riviste da considerare anche un buon numero di riviste su cui i ricercatori italiani pubblicano saltuariamente. Non ci dovrebbero essere quindi grosse distorsioni nelle statistiche dovute a macroscopiche dimenticanze di gruppi di ricercatori attivi anche in aree relativamente piccole del settore ambientale. Il numero di ricercatori attivi ogni anno aumenta sensibilmente nel periodo di studio da quasi 300 nel 1981 a oltre 1800 nel 1995 (figura 2.3). Si noti che con “ricercatore” si intende qui chi ha pubblicato almeno un articolo nell’anno in esame sulle riviste selezionate. Il numero medio di autori per articolo cresce regolarmente da circa 2,9 autori per articolo nel 1981 a quasi 3,8 nel 1995. Col passare degli anni, quindi, non solo aumenta il numero di ricercatori, ma anche la tendenza alla collaborazione e al lavoro di équipe fra i diversi ricercatori. P er capire se la produttività scientifica sia aumentata o diminuita nel tempo è stato calcolato il numero medio di articoli per autore, procedendo in due modi. Nel primo modo sono stati contati semplicemente il numero di articoli firmati da ogni ricercatore indipendentemente dal numero di coautori e quindi si è calcolata la media per ogni anno (figura 2.4). Nel secondo, invece, gli articoli firmati da più di un ricercatore sono stati trattati nel modo seguente: sotto l’ipotesi semplificativa, ma abbastanza realistica, che in un lavoro firmato in équipe da n ricercatori a ogni ricercatore competa un n-esimo del lavoro, si è pesato ogni articolo secondo 1/n. Ovviamente, il numero medio di articoli per autore così calcolato diminuisce in modo sensibile rispetto al sempli- Capitolo 2 RISULTATI ce conteggio delle pubblicazioni. Il fattore di riduzione è compreso fra 3 e 4, ed è quindi dello stesso ordine di grandezza del numero medio di autori per articolo. Come si apprez- 700 30 1,8 25 1,6 20 1,4 300 1,2 200 84 86 88 90 anno 92 94 0,8 96 0 Figura 2.1 - Numero di articoli pubblicati annualmente da autori italiani fra il 1981 e il 1995 (quadrati bianchi) e IF medio delle pubblicazioni (cerchi pieni). 2000 n° autori 1600 4,0 1400 1200 3,5 1000 800 600 3,0 400 200 80 82 84 86 88 anno 90 92 94 96 Figura 2.3 - Trend annuale del numero totale di autori (quadrati bianchi) e numero medio di autori per articolo (cerchi pieni). <0,4 0,4-0,6 0,6-0,8 0,8-1,2 1,2-2 Impact Factor 2-4 4-28 Figura 2.2 - Distribuzioni percentuali di articoli per classe di Impact Factor, calcolate nel periodo 1981-95 (barrette nere) e 1990-95 (barrette grigie). 0,40 1,25 0,38 1,00 0,75 0,36 0,50 0,34 n° medio art. equivalenti/autore n° medio art icoli/autore 0,32 80 82 84 86 88 90 anno 92 0,25 94 n° medio articoli per autore n° autori n° medio autori/articolo n° medio autori per articolo 1800 10 5 n° articoli equivalenti per autore 82 % art. 90-95 15 1,0 100 0 80 Impact Factor 400 % articoli Impact Factor 500 n° articoli 2,0 % art. 81-95 n° articoli 600 za anche visivamente nella figura 2.4, il trend di produttività è non significativo se calcolato nel primo modo, mentre è significativamente negativo (p<0,05) se calcolato nel secondo. 0,00 96 Figura 2.4 - Numero medio di articoli per autore (cerchi pieni) e numero medio di articoli equivalenti per autore (quadrati bianchi) nel periodo 1981-95 (per i dettagli, si veda il testo). 23 IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA 2.2 Produzione scientifica nei vari settori delle Scienze Ambientali Un ulteriore esame dei trend temporali è stato operato sulla frazione di articoli pubblicati nei vari settori in cui l’ISI classifica gli articoli in base al loro campo di appartenenza. Per evitare un’eccessiva frammentazione delle classi, sono stati individuati 4 settori principali: • Ecologia • Altre Scienze Ambientali + Tossicologia • Scienze della Terra + Meteorologia e Scienze dell’Atmosfera • Risorse Acquatiche + Biologia Marina e d’Acqua Dolce Gli articoli nel settore Ecologia comprendono una frazione oscillante fra il 5 e il 12% dei quasi 5000 articoli esaminati, senza mostrare alcun trend significativo nell’arco dei 15 anni presi in esame (figura 2.5). Lo stesso vale per il settore Scienze dell’Acqua, piuttosto stabile con oscillazioni contenute fra il 16 e il 21%. Il settore Scienze della Terra, invece, dopo aver toccato punte di quasi il 30% nei primi anni 70 Altre Scienze Ambientali Ecologia 60 percentuali 50 40 Scienze della Terra Scienze dell’Acqua 30 20 10 0 80 82 84 86 88 anno 90 92 94 96 Figura 2.5 - Frazione di articoli pubblicati fra il 1981 e il 1995 per macrosettore di pertinenza. Ottanta, scende poi regolarmente fino al 16% nel 1987 per recuperare un poco immediatamente dopo, assestandosi intorno al 20%. Il settore Altre Scienze Ambientali, invece, mostra un trend di crescita fra il 1982 e il 1989, 24 salendo quasi regolarmente dal 46 al 58%, per poi scendere immediatamente dopo e assestarsi intorno al 50% negli anni Novanta. S i è poi operata una classificazione più fine delle riviste in 15 settori così come riportati nel Journal of Citation Report (ISI, 1996b). Per ogni settore, si è calcolato qual è la frazione di riviste che ricade nel settore medesimo e la frazione complessiva di articoli pubblicati in ciascun settore nell’arco dei 15 anni. Si noti che i settori non sono mutuamente esclusivi in quanto una rivista può appartenere a più settori, anche se ciò accade raramente. I risultati sono riportati in tabella 2.1. Come si vede, il settore Altre Scienze Ambientali (cioè Ecologia esclusa) comprende uno spettro di riviste abbastanza ampio, pari al 28% delle 206 prese in esame. Ecologia raggiunge il 16%, Scienze della Terra il 12%, Biologia Marina e d’Acqua Dolce e Risorse Idriche (Idrologia e Idrogeologia) si classificano quinte a pari merito, comprendendo ciascuna di esse l’8% delle riviste prese in esame. Quando si va ad analizzare quale frazione dei quasi 5000 articoli ricade in ciascun settore si trova qualche sorpresa. Altre Scienze Ambientali si posiziona ancora prima, con il 39% degli articoli, Scienze della Terra passa in seconda posizione con il 13%, mentre Ecologia scende al quinto posto, a pari merito con il settore Risorse Acquatiche, raggiungendo un mero 7%. Pertanto, mentre lo spettro di riviste di carattere strettamente ecologico su cui pubblicano i ricercatori italiani è abbastanza ampio, non si può dire altrettanto da un punto di vista quantitativo: gli ecologi italiani che pubblicano su riviste internazionali costituiscono una piccola frazione di chi si occupa di ambiente in senso lato in Italia. I primi 3 settori, Altre Scienze Ambientali, Scienze della Terra e Biologia Marina e d’Acqua Dolce, comprendono da soli quasi il 60% degli articoli pubblicati. Sono stati anche riportati l’IF medio delle riviste in ciascun settore e l’IF medio degli articoli pubblicati da ricercatori italiani in quel settore (attribuendo a ogni arti- Capitolo 2 RISULTATI colo pubblicato l’IF della rispettiva rivista). Se gli articoli fossero equamente distribuiti sulle riviste di ciascun settore, non ci sarebbe differenza tra le due medie. Abbiamo quindi sottoposto a test statistico (t-test per campioni indipendenti) il fatto che l’IF medio degli articoli di un settore sia significativamente differente dall’IF medio delle riviSettori Altre Scienze Ambientali Ecologia Scienze della Terra Biologia Marina e d’Acqua Dolce Risorse Acquatiche Tossicologia Scienze Forestali Meteorologia e Scienze dell’Atmosfera Oceanografia Botanica Limnologia Multidisciplinari Zoologia Pesca § ste del settore, considerato come valore teorico. Per la maggior parte dei settori l’IF medio degli articoli non è significativamente differente dall’IF medio delle riviste, salvo che per Risorse Acquatiche, Scienze Forestali e Limnologia, in cui è più alto, e Meteorologia e Scienze dell’Atmosfera e Zoologia, in cui è più basso. % riviste % articoli IF medio riviste IF medio articoli Signific.§ 28 16 12 8 8 5 4 4 4 3 39 7 13 8 7 5 2 5 2 5 2 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 0,940 1,405 1,197 1,145 0,706 0,990 0,733 1,689 1,606 0,942 0,959 9,410 1,227 0,966 1,042 1,325 1,514 1,046 0,970 0,914 1,123 1,347 1,311 1,090 ns ns ns ns ** ns ** * ns ns 1,520 14,422 0,556 0,920 ** ns ** ns ns: non significativo (p>0,05); *: significativo (0,01<p ≤0,05); **: altamente significativo (p ≤0,01) Tabella 2.1 - Rilevanza di ciascun settore disciplinare e produzione percentuale di articoli in ogni settore dal 1981 al 1995. L’IF medio degli articoli pubblicati in ogni settore viene paragonato all’IF medio di ogni settore. Nell’ultima colonna è riportata la significatività del confronto. Per maggiori dettagli, si veda il testo. 2.3 Produzione scientifica nelle diverse organizzazioni di ricerca Si è infine cercato di mettere in evidenza l’attività di produzione di articoli scientifici in campo ambientale per diverse organizzazioni di ricerca. Gli autori selezionati afferiscono a ben 669 organizzazioni differenti. Riportiamo dapprima i risultati relativi a una divisione molto rozza degli enti di ricerca: Università, CNR, ENEA, Altre Organizzazioni (tra cui spiccano la FAO, il JRC di Ispra, l’Istituto Superiore di Sanità, l’ENEL, l’Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica). In figura 2.6 è riportata la produzione annuale di articoli da parte di cia- scuna categoria nel periodo 1981-95. Si nota un trend complessivamente crescente per Università, CNR e Altre Organizzazioni, mentre l’ENEA sembra avere avuto un massimo di produzione (22 articoli) nel 1993. La tabella 2.2 riassume diverse statistiche e indici bibliografici per le quattro categorie di organizzazioni sia relativamente al periodo 1981-95 sia relativamente al periodo più recente 1990-95. Per ogni organizzazione (ORG) i-esima vengono riportati lo share di pubblicazioni (pi ), lo share di citazioni (c i ), il numero medio di citazioni per articolo (Ci /Pi ), l’impatto di citazione relativo (RCIi ), il numero atteso di citazioni per articolo (XCRi ), l’Impact Factor medio per articolo. L’Università risul25 IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA ta la categoria con il maggior share di pubblicazioni e di citazioni (oltre il 50%) seguita da Altre Organizzazioni (intorno al 27%), dal CNR (tra il 15 e il 18%) e dall’ENEA (tra l’1 e il 2%). Il numero di citazioni ricevuto mediamente da ogni articolo nel periodo 19811995 è di circa 4, salvo che per l’ENEA (circa 2). Naturalmente il numero di citazioni per articolo nel 1990-95 è più basso a causa della riduzione di durata del periodo considerato: per tutte le organizzazioni è all’incirca 2. Sia il numero atteso di citazioni per articolo sia l’IF medio sono indici della bontà delle rivi- ste su cui gli articoli vengono pubblicati. Entrambi questi indici medi sono stati sottoposti ad analisi della varianza a un fattore. Ove il fattore organizzazione risultava significativo è stato applicato il metodo LSD per determinare differenze significative tra coppie di medie. Solo per l’indice bibliografico XCR nel periodo 1981-95 sono stati trovati risultati significativi: Università e Altre Organizzazioni formano un gruppo con XCR intermedio, mentre CNR forma un gruppo a sé con XCR alto ed ENEA forma un gruppo a sé con XCR basso. 500 Università CNR Altre Organizzazioni ENEA n° articoli 400 300 200 100 0 80 82 84 86 88 anno 90 92 94 96 Figura 2.6 - Numero di articoli pubblicati fra il 1981 e il 1995 per categoria di organizzazione. La categoria Altri Enti raccoglie tutti i centri di ricerca e assimilati che non ricadono all’interno di ENEA, Università e CNR. I risultati di un’analisi più dettagliata sulle performance misurate con diversi indicatori delle varie istituzioni scientifiche e centri di ricerca vengono mostrati in tabella 2.3. Si è scelto di riportare esplicitamente solo le istituzioni che hanno pubblicato non meno di 50 articoli sul set delle 231 riviste da noi selezionate nei 15 anni fra il 1981 e l’inizio del 1996. Con questo criterio, sono state individuate 27 istituzioni che insieme hanno contribuito a quasi il 75% dei 6789 articoli pubblicati nello stesso periodo. Le istituzioni rimanenti hanno un contributo pro capite inferiore allo 0,8% e sono state quindi raggruppate in un’unica categoria nell’ultima riga della tabella 2.3. La tabella è divisa in due parti. La prima ri26 porta i dati statistici per ogni indicatore bibliografico, mentre la seconda riporta l’ordinamento con cui si classifica ogni istituzione rispetto a un particolare indicatore bibliografico. Si può apprezzare la buona produttività complessiva del CNR e dei grandi Atenei universitari di Milano e di Roma “La Sapienza”, nonché delle Università di Bologna e di Napoli e del Joint Research Centre di Ispra. Per quanto riguarda l’indice di citazioni relative (RCI) si evidenzia la buona performance delle Università di Siena, Torino e Genova e l’elevato Impact Factor (IF) delle riviste su cui pubblicano i ricercatori dell’Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica, delle Università di Pisa, de l’Aquila e di Roma. Capitolo 2 RISULTATI ORG pi (%) ci (%) Ci /Pi RCIi 1981-1995 CNR 15,90 18,50 4,678 1,167 1,90 1,10 2,217 0,553 Università 55,30 54,30 3,940 0,982 Altre Organizzazioni 26,90 26,10 3,888 0,969 CNR 14,40 14,50 2,253 1,011 ENEA 2,10 1,80 1,899 0,852 Università 56,30 54,80 2,169 0,973 Altre Organizzazioni 27,20 28,90 2,363 1,061 ENEA IF medio XCRi 6,322 7,940 3,340 3,204 5,007 6,620 4,863 7,326 c 1,236 1,639 1,005 0,632 1,250 1,955 1,342 2,571 a 3,023 4,804 2,414 2,496 2,644 4,495 a 1,343 1,759 1,037 0,723 a a 1,290 2,013 a 2,814 5,439 a 1,407 2,623 a a b b a a a 1990-1995 a a Tabella 2.2 - Statistiche e indici bibliografici per categoria di organizzazioni (ORG) dal 1981 al 1995. pi: share di pubblicazioni dell’organizzazione i; ci: share di citazioni; Ci /Pi: numero medio di citazioni per articolo; RCIi: impatto di citazione relativo; XCR i: numero atteso di citazioni per articolo. Al di sotto di XCR e IF sono riportate le deviazioni standard in corsivo. Per questi ultimi due indici medi una diversa lettera (a,b,c) indica differenze significative secondo l’analisi della varianza. 2.4 Confronto fra citazioni attese e citazioni ricevute È interessante notare che solo in 5 dei primi 27 centri di ricerca italiani per produttività, le citazioni ricevute per ogni articolo sono state superiori a quelle attese (tabella 2.3). Il risultato viene confermato dall’analisi degli scarti medi percentuali fra citazioni ricevute e citazioni attese, calcolati articolo per articolo (tabella 2.3): per la maggior parte dei centri di ricerca ogni articolo riceve mediamente il 20-30% di citazioni in meno di quelle che ci si attenderebbe per un articolo pubblicato sulla stessa rivista. La cosa è ancora più sorprendente se si pensa che diverse istituzioni, per quanto caratterizzate da un alto Impact Factor, hanno però un RCI basso, con scarti fra citazioni ricevute e citazioni attese che toccano quasi il -40%. Si deve quindi constatare che i ricercatori italiani, pur riuscendo a pubblica- re sulle migliori riviste, hanno poca risonanza a livello internazionale. Questo fatto è abbastanza sorprendente, perché il solo fatto di pubblicare su riviste internazionali garantisce che il lavoro sia stato sottoposto a un duro e selettivo processo di peer review, e che sia quindi qualitativamente buono, se non addirittura eccellente. Inoltre la pubblicazione su rivista internazionale garantisce una buona visibilità. Come mai allora i ricercatori italiani ricevono poche citazioni? Si potrebbe pensare che i nostri ricercatori non sono sufficientemente presenti sul circuito internazionale e che dovrebbero quindi partecipare di più a congressi o a progetti di ricerca internazionali e pubblicizzare meglio le proprie ricerche. Ma un’altra possibile interpretazione (sebbene ovviamente non l’unica) è che la comunità internazionale abbia la tendenza a “snobbare” la produzione scientifica italiana (Paris et al., 1998). Non a caso, il Joint Research Centre, 27 IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA che ospita prevalentemente ricercatori stranieri, ha uno share di citazioni decisamente più elevato di quello dei nostri centri di ricerca (superato solo dall’Università di Siena e da quella di Torino) con il 35% di citazioni in più rispetto a quelle attese, sebbene si qualifichi solo al 17° posto per qualità delle riviste (cioè con Impact Factor basso). Purtroppo questa versione del database dell’ISI non ci permette di verificare quanto pesino in queste statistiche le autocitazioni, cioè quante delle citazioni ricevute siano fatte dagli stessi autori della pubblicazione citata o da personale scientifico della stessa istituzione. A - STATISTICHE Istituti di Ricerca CNR Univ. Milano Univ. Roma “La Sapienza” Joint Research Centre Univ. Bologna Univ. Napoli “Federico II” N° articoli 1079 degli Share delle articoli citazioni (%) (%) 15,89 18,53 RCI 1,167 IF medio Citaz. per Citaz. attese Scarti % fra articolo per articolo cit. ric. e cit. att. 1,236 4,678 6,322 -14 296 286 271 270 230 4,36 4,21 3,99 3,98 3,39 5,15 4,96 5,16 3,89 2,12 1,183 1,177 1,294 0,978 0,627 1,272 1,577 1,193 1,524 1,209 4,743 4,720 5,188 3,922 2,513 5,012 6,663 4,744 6,627 4,715 8 -28 35 -22 -32 Univ. Firenze Univ. Padova Univ. Pisa Univ. Torino Univ. Genova Univ. Siena Ist. Superiore Sanità 203 200 2,99 2,94 1,84 2,73 0,617 0,926 0,925 1,323 2,473 3,715 3,837 4,644 -26 -18 200 175 167 158 149 2,94 2,58 2,46 2,33 2,19 2,62 3,43 3,14 3,63 2,02 0,890 1,332 1,275 1,561 0,919 1,581 1,122 1,346 1,203 1,095 3,570 5,343 5,114 6,259 3,685 5,011 3,932 5,519 4,827 4,806 -9 21 -2 20 -23 ENEA Univ. Venezia 129 126 1,90 1,86 1,05 1,92 0,553 1,037 1,005 0,875 2,217 4,159 3,340 3,370 -36 5 Univ. Pavia Politecnico di Milano Univ. Parma 114 113 100 1,68 1,66 1,47 1,48 1,44 1,81 0,879 0,863 1,229 1,077 1,066 1,034 3,526 3,460 4,930 4,503 5,438 4,297 -1 -28 -16 87 86 81 1,28 1,27 1,19 1,38 1,44 1,11 1,075 1,137 0,933 1,006 1,556 1,189 4,310 4,558 3,741 5,709 7,006 6,136 -19 -38 -46 78 74 67 64 59 57 1873 6792 1,15 1,09 0,99 0,94 0,87 0,84 27,58 0,93 1,23 0,62 0,58 0,66 0,54 24,59 0,809 1,125 0,629 0,619 0,761 0,643 0,892 1,278 2,703 1,474 1,136 1,202 1,248 1,306 3,244 4,514 2,522 2,484 3,051 2,579 3,577 6,046 6,958 4,732 5,232 4,704 3,532 4,621 -15 -29 -44 -31 -34 -23 -16 Univ. Bari Univ. L’Aquila Univ. Perugia Univ. Trieste Ist. Nazionale Geofisica Univ. Ferrara ENEL FAO Univ. Tuscia Altre Organizzazioni Numero totale di articoli (segue) 28 Capitolo 2 RISULTATI B - CLASSIFICHE Istituti di ricerca N° articoli N° citazioni RCI IF medio Citaz. per articolo Citaz. attese per articolo 13 8 11 3 17 5 14 27 8 2 6 7 3 13 25 27 15 18 5 12 20 7 15 21 26 28 22 23 2 4 1 16 28 12 19 20 11 9 14 21 10 24 26 24 25 4 18 10 1 6 19 5 11 9 14 21 10 24 26 CNR 1 1 8 6 Univ. Milano Univ. Roma “La Sapienza” Joint Research Centre Univ. Bologna Univ. Napoli “Federico II” Univ. Firenze Univ. Padova Univ. Pisa 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 4 5 3 6 12 15 10 Univ. Torino Univ. Genova Univ. Siena Ist. Superiore Sanità ENEA Univ. Venezia Univ. Pavia Politecnico di Milano 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 11 8 9 7 13 23 14 17 Univ. Parma Univ. Bari Univ. L’Aquila Univ. Perugia Univ. Trieste Ist. Nazionale Geofisica Univ. Ferrara ENEL 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 19 16 20 18 22 24 21 26 FAO Univ. Tuscia 26 27 27 25 22 23 16 12 Altre Organizzazioni – – 17 9 7 3 13 25 27 15 18 2 4 1 16 28 12 19 20 5 3 16 4 18 25 20 13 24 9 14 15 28 27 22 10 23 Scarti % fra cit. ric. e cit. att. 9 4 20 1 15 23 18 13 8 2 7 3 17 25 5 6 19 8 1 6 7 2 17 11 12 14 26 28 10 21 27 22 22 23 19 26 24 16 17 21 11 Tabella 2.3 - Statistiche (A) e classifiche (B) basate sugli indici bibliografici per istituti di ricerca che hanno pubblicato almeno 50 articoli fra il 1981 e il 1995. Si noti che le prime 27 istituzioni hanno pubblicato oltre il 70% dei 6792 articoli totali. IF: Impact Factor; RCI: impatto di citazione relativo. La media degli scarti percentuali fra citazioni ricevute da ogni articolo e citazioni attese di un articolo pubblicato sulla stessa rivista e nello stesso anno viene calcolata nel modo seguente: [citaz. ricevute - citaz. attese]/citaz. attese (x100). 29 IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA 2.5 Contributi per aree geografiche italiane Per concludere il quadro delle statistiche, si riportano in figura 2.7 i contributi relativi alla produzione scientifica nel settore ambientale Sicilia Friuli-Venezia Giulia 2% 3% Puglia 2% Liguria 4% Piemonte 5% ripartiti per le singole regioni italiane. Lazio e Lombardia fanno la parte del leone, come del resto c’era da aspettarsi data la concentrazione di centri di ricerca e la presenza dei megaatenei dell’Università degli Studi di Milano e dell’Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”. Altre 9% Lazio 19% Lombardia 19% Campania 5% Veneto 7% Emilia-Romagna 11% Figura 2.7 - Percentuali di articoli pubblicati per regione. 30 Toscana 14% Capitolo 3 L’indirizzario IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA C ome accennato nell’introduzione, il secondo prodotto che ci si attendeva dal presente studio era la realizzazione di un indirizzario dettagliato dei ricercatori italiani impegnati nel settore ambientale. A questo scopo si è in primo luogo ristretto il campo di analisi ai ricercatori che hanno pubblicato articoli a partire dal 1990, in quanto non interessava includere ricercatori che avessero pubblicato più di sette anni fa. Poiché nell’arco di tempo compreso fra il 1990 e il 1995 il database comprende oltre 5000 nominativi, non sembrava sensato produrre un indirizzario che li includesse tutti, prima di tutto perché sarebbe risultato quasi ingestibile dalla Fondazione se non a costi elevatissimi, e in secondo luogo perché almeno il 50% di quei nominativi riguarda ricercatori che hanno pubblicato un solo articolo nei 6 anni compresi fra il gennaio 1990 e il dicembre 1995. Buona parte è costituita da ex tesisti che pubblicano un articolo estratto dal loro lavoro di laurea, oppure da ricercatori molto poco produttivi. Secondo le indicazioni date dalla stessa Fondazione si voleva arrivare a produrre un indirizzario con al più un migliaio di nominativi. D al momento che l’obiettivo principale di questa ricerca è rivolto all’”eccellenza” e alla qualità della ricerca, si è deciso di mettere un limite inferiore al numero di articoli pubblicati da un singolo ricercatore nell’arco di tempo considerato. Questo limite è stato posto inizialmente a 4 articoli nei 6 anni di riferimento ed è stato successivamente ribassato. Il numero di ricercatori che hanno pubblicato almeno 4 articoli fra il 1990 e il 1995 è pari a circa 600. È stato quindi incluso un certo numero di autori che hanno pubblicato 2 o 3 articoli nel periodo considerato fino a produrre un indirizzario di circa 1100 nominativi. Questa fase del lavoro, seppure concettualmente meno impegnativa, è stata di gran lunga la più onerosa perché, anche se il database fornito dall’ISI permette di recuperare il nome di qualsiasi autore con affiliazione italiana, la 32 ricostruzione dell’indirizzo completo è tutt’altro che immediata, non essendo ogni autore univocamente associato a un indirizzo. S i è verificato che nella maggior parte dei casi (anche se non sempre), quando gli autori sono solo due e due pure gli indirizzi riportati in tabella, allora esiste una corrispondenza univoca fra autori e indirizzi, con il primo indirizzo appartenente al primo autore e il secondo indirizzo al secondo autore. Ma in una pubblicazione con 3 o più autori, di cui 2 hanno la stessa affiliazione, è risultato problematico ricostruire l’appartenenza del secondo e terzo autore (questo non è vero per il primo autore, perché il suo nome è quasi sempre in relazione univoca col primo indirizzo). Infatti, in questo caso, non è possibile mettere autori e indirizzi in relazione univoca: esistono solo due relazioni del tipo “uno a molti”, la prima fra pubblicazione e autori e la seconda ancora fra pubblicazione e indirizzi. Nei casi dubbi l’attribuzione dell’indirizzo è stata fatta manualmente esaminando tutti i record in cui il numero degli autori era diverso dal numero degli indirizzi. Questa operazione ha comportato l’esame di letteralmente migliaia di record e di possibili combinazioni e ha richiesto un enorme impegno di lavoro. Per gli autori con almeno 4 pubblicazioni, l’attribuzione dell’indirizzo è stata fatta manualmente in maniera esaustiva, laddove possibile attraverso un’analisi di frequenza degli indirizzi associabili all’autore e, quando possibile, contattando direttamente gli interessati. Per gli autori con 3 o 2 pubblicazioni nell’arco di tempo considerato sono stati selezionati solo quelli in cui l’attribuzione dell’indirizzo poteva avvenire automaticamente, o perché l’autore ha pubblicato un articolo a una sola firma (e allora gli si è attribuito l’unico indirizzo associato alla pubblicazione) o perché è primo autore nelle pubblicazioni a più firme. Sono stati così esclusi dall’indirizzario 146 autori che hanno pubblicato 3 articoli fra il 1990 e il 1995 il cui indirizzo non poteva esse- Capitolo 3 L’INDIRIZZARIO re determinato con ragionevole certezza e 449 autori che nello stesso periodo hanno pubblicato 2 articoli, per giungere così a una versione finale dell’indirizzario comprendente, come si è detto, poco più di 1100 nominativi. Tutti gli autori che hanno pubblicato almeno 4 articoli a partire dal 1990 sono stati inclusi nell’indirizzario. I l lavoro purtroppo non è finito qui. Gli indirizzi degli oltre 1100 nominativi hanno richiesto un’opera di editing tutt’altro che trascurabile. In primo luogo, bisognava rendere omogenee le affiliazioni che comparivano nel database con notevoli errori di battitura e con le traduzioni più improbabili (una prima operazione di pulitura è stata fatta su tutto il database dal 1981 al 1995 su tutti gli indirizzi, indipendentemente dal numero di pubblicazioni). Per esempio l’Università degli Studi di Milano compariva come Università di Milano, Milano University, Milan University, University of Milan ecc., oltre che, naturalmente, con la denominazione giusta. Il problema maggiore è nato dal fatto che il campo relativo all’indirizzo stradale è stato sistematicamente troncato dopo dieci caratteri e pertanto tutte le denominazioni sono rimaste incomplete. A titolo di esempio, “Piazza Leonardo da Vinci” compariva solo come “Piazza Le”. Si è dovuto quindi procedere alla ricostruzione di moltissimi indirizzi, tenuto anche conto che il numero civico è andato quasi sempre sistematicamente perduto. Anche l’attribuzione al dipartimento è risultata spesso assai difficoltosa, per i medesimi errori di battitura, di varianti del nome e di troncamento. In diversi casi si è dovuto ricostruire il codice di avviamento postale, mentre le informazioni relative a dipartimenti, istituti e sezioni delle Università o dei centri di ricerca erano riportate raramente e nella quasi totalità in modo scorretto (troncamenti ed errori di battitura). Il database dell’ISI ovviamente non riportava i numeri telefonici e abbiamo quindi proceduto all’individuazione del recapito telefonico, facendo uso intensivo sia dei siti Web delle varie Università e dei centri di ricerca, laddove questi fossero disponibili, sia del servizio della SIP-TELECOM, sia attraverso indirizzari cartacei del CNR e di varie Società di categoria (per esempio SIBM, SItE ecc.). Una frazione significativa dei numeri di telefono e degli indirizzi è stata verificata rintracciando direttamente la persona interessata. Non si esclude tuttavia la possibilità che un 20% degli indirizzi attribuiti agli autori non risulti valida, anche perché nel mondo della ricerca non è raro che un ricercatore nel giro di 6 anni possa spostarsi almeno una volta da un centro di ricerca all’altro, come noi stessi abbiamo potuto verificare contattando i cofirmatari delle varie pubblicazioni. Saranno quindi necessari ulteriori raffinamenti e controlli. Il lavoro nello stato attuale costituisce comunque un enorme passo avanti rispetto all’informazione grezza fornita dall’ISI e rimane a nostro avviso un indirizzario più unico che raro dei migliori ricercatori italiani nel settore ambientale. L ’indirizzario è disponibile presso gli uffici della Fondazione Lombardia per l’Ambiente, Foro Bonaparte 12, 20121 Milano, oppure si può scaricare direttamente dal sito Web della Fondazione all’indirizzo: www.flanet.org 33 Capitolo 4 Conclusioni IL “CHI È ” I DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA n un lavoro essenzialmente descrittivo e preliminare le conclusioni vogliono essere non tanto una parola finale quanto uno stimolo per iniziare un dibattito sul tema dei metodi di valutazione oggettiva della qualità della ricerca. Alcuni punti chiave sembrano comunque emergere dalla nostra analisi. La produzione in Ecologia in Italia è qualitativamente nella media, ma quantitativamente scarsa. Il settore che sembra assorbire lo sforzo di ricerca carente in Ecologia è quello che l’ISI definisce “Environmental Sciences”, cioè quell’insieme di discipline dell’ambiente che non sono né l’Ecologia né altre scienze tradizionali quali la Biologia Marina o le Scienze della Terra. Le cause della carenza di ricerca ecologica sono complesse e coinvolgono la politica della ricerca in Italia nel suo complesso, un tema non discutibile in questo contesto. Sembra tuttavia difficilmente negabile che l’Ecologia abbia quasi sempre sofferto di una carenza di finanziamenti. Una parziale giustificazione di ciò poteva essere che i risultati della ricerca di base (e molta, anche se non tutta, la ricerca ecologica è ricerca di base) sono di difficile valutazione. Dando per scontata la difficoltà di valutare la qualità della ricerca, prevaleva l’idea che la ricerca in qualche modo finalizzata o “applicata” si giustificasse da sé. Metodi oggettivi di valutazione dovrebbero essere in grado di rimuovere questo pregiudizio e di portare finalmente le discipline ecologiche a un grado di sviluppo paragonabile a quello dei Paesi più avanzati. La produzione pro capite dei ricercatori ambientali italiani, nel complesso, se calcolata tenendo conto dell’aumento del numero medio di autori, è andata calando nel periodo considerato. Questo è ovviamente un fatto preoccupante, sempre che non sia il risultato del metodo di selezione del campione di articoli studiati (si può ottimisticamente pensare che esista una produzione da parte degli stessi ricercatori su riviste non comprese nello studio). Sarebbe interessante capire se un trend analogo si sia avuto in settori scientifici di36 versi da quello ambientale e se ciò possa riflettere la diminuzione degli investimenti nella ricerca scientifica in Italia negli ultimi anni (Rapporto Berlinguer, 1997). La dispersione degli autori in centinaia di istituzioni diverse, anche se non sorprendente considerando la molteplicità degli aspetti della ricerca ambientale, pone in risalto i problemi di comunicazione e di coordinamento che questa realtà implica. Una prima analisi dei risultati conseguiti da varie categorie di enti di ricerca mette comunque in evidenza una carenza di produzione di articoli scientifici dell’ente – l’ENEA – che dovrebbe occuparsi istituzionalmente di ricerca ambientale nel nostro Paese. Tale carenza, secondo quanto affermato dall’ENEA (Mauro, 1998), potrebbe essere parzialmente riscattata dalla produzione di brevetti industriali, ma non siamo stati in grado di reperire informazioni in proposito. I l basso numero di citazioni ricevute dai ricercatori italiani rispetto a quelle medie attese è un dato di non facile interpretazione. Infatti, sebbene i ricercatori italiani siano in grado di superare il filtro molto selettivo degli editorial board delle migliori riviste internazionali (fatto di per sé che garantisce la qualità del lavoro e una buona visibilità), sembra che essi non abbiano molta voce in capitolo. Una possibile interpretazione (oltre alla possibile scarsa mobilità dei nostri ricercatori all’estero) è che la comunità scientifica nordeuropea, quella americana e britannica, che controllano le riviste di alto Impact Factor, tendano più o meno deliberatamente a “snobbare” la produzione scientifica di Paesi di tradizione non anglosassone. Ci sembra comunque di poter dire che la realtà della ricerca ambientale italiana che esce da questa preliminare indagine sembra avere in sé le potenzialità per consolidare una dignitosa presenza nel contesto internazionale a patto di ben precise scelte strategiche a favore di un settore di ricerca che a livello internazionale è considerato uno di quelli trainanti. Capitolo 4 CONCLUSIONI C rediamo che il Ministro dell’Università e della Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica e potrebbe facilmente estendere questo approccio alla valutazione qualitativa della ricerca ad altri settori scientifici. Ciò permetterebbe la comparazione delle performance delle varie istituzioni e dei diversi settori di ricerca sia all’interno della realtà italiana sia in un più ampio contesto europeo, con il quale la ricerca e lo sviluppo del nostro Paese dovranno fare i conti sempre più. Siamo al corrente del fatto che gli indicatori bibliometrici non sono esenti da critiche; devono dunque essere utilizzati con cautela ed essere accompagnati da altre considerazioni strategiche, politiche e culturali. Non si può comunque negare che essi possono fornire indicazioni oggettive che potrebbero aiutare a ridurre gli enormi sprechi di risorse che si verificano nel finanziamento della ricerca. Forse però, dopo anni di discussioni, lo spauracchio della peer review basata sugli indicatori bibliometrici urta ancora contro radicate paure e strenue resistenze per la sua capacità di rivelare inefficienze strutturali e di scatenare conflitti che potrebbero finalmente portare il problema all’attenzione dei cittadini. 37 BIBLIOGRAFIA Bibliografia Abbott, A., 1996. Italian bill sets out recruitment reforms. Nature, 382: 7. ISI, 1995. Current Contents. Institute for Scientific Information, Philadelphia. Abbott, A., 1997. Conservatives undermine Italy’s university reforms. Nature, 387: 7. ISI, 1996a. Topical Citation Report 1981-95. Institute for Scientific Information, Philadelphia. Bignami, G. F., 1996. Who enforces the law? Nature, 379: 412. ISI, 1996b. 1995 Journal of Citation Reports. Institute for Scientific Information, Philadelphia. De Leo, G., 1995. Studio di fattibilità per la creazione di un indirizzario di ricercatori italiani nel settore ambientale. Rapporto per la Fondazione Lombardia per l’Ambiente, Milano. May, R. M., 1997. The scientific wealth of nations. Science, 275: 793-796. De Leo, G., Paris, G., Gatto, M. e Menozzi, P., 1998. Spotlight needed on Italian policy. Nature, 391: 12. Nature News, 1997. Europe eliminates citation gap with America. Nature, 387: 537. European Commission, 1994. European Report on Science and Technology Indicators. European Commission Publications, Luxembourg. Paris, G., De Leo, G., Menozzi, P. e Gatto, M., 1998. Region-based citation bias in science. Nature, 396: 210. Fondazione Lombardia per l’Ambiente, 1997. Banca Dati dell’Ambiente ’97. Fondazione Lombardia per l’Ambiente, Milano. Gatto, M., De Leo, G., Menozzi, P. e Paris, G., 1997. Quindici anni di ricerca ambientale in Italia: un’analisi delle pubblicazioni internazionali prodotte tra il 1981 e il 1995. Atti dell’8° Congresso della S.It.E., 18: 15-22. Mauro, F., 1998. Italian reforms. Nature, 392: 645. Rapporto Berlinguer, 1997. Linee per il riordino del sistema nazionale della ricerca scientifica e tecnologica. Relazione alla Camera del Ministro dell’Università e della Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica. Roma, Italia, 31 luglio 1997. Statzner, B., Resh, V. H. e Kobzina, N. G., 1995. Low impact factors of ecology journals: don’t worry. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 10: 220. 39 Appendice 1 IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA Elenco delle 206 riviste in ordine alfabetico nel campo ambientale su cui gli autori italiani hanno pubblicato almeno un articolo dal 1981 al 1995. A fianco di ognuna è riportato l’IF del 1995, ove disponibile, altrimenti quello del 1992 o del 1991 o nessun IF, se non disponibile. Rivista ACT OEC-APP ACT OEC-GEN ACT OEC-PLA ADV MICR EC ADV WATER R AEROS SCI T AGR ECO ENV AGR WATER M AI APPL AM IND HYG AM MIDL NAT AM NATURAL AMBIO ANN GEOPH ANN GEOPH A ANN GEOPH B ANN GEOPHY ANN SCI FOR ANTARCT SCI APPL ENVIR AQUACULTURE AQUAT SCI AQUAT TOX ARCH ENV C ARCH HYDROB ARCTIC ATMOS ENV A ATMOS ENV B ATMOS ENVIR B ENVIR CON BEHAV ECO S BIOCH SYST BIODIVERS C BIOGEOCHEMI BIOL CONSER BIOL FERT S BIOL WASTE BIOSCIENCE CAN J FISH CAN J FORES CAN J SOIL CATENA CHEM SPEC B CHEMOSPHERE CLAY CLAY M CLIM CHANGE COAST ENG COLD REG SC COMM SOIL S CONSER BIOL DEEP-SEA A DEEP-SEA I DEEP-SEA II EARTH SURF ECOGRAPHY ECOL APPL ECOL ECON ECOL ENT ECOL MODEL ECOLOGY ECOTOX ENV IF 0,286 0,333 0,594 4,000 0,564 1,383 0,726 0,341 0,089 0,793 0,531 2,815 1,621 1,162 0,589 1,116 3,211 0,836 0,518 1,748 1,307 1,095 0,595 1,821 1,405 0,950 0,577 1,866 0,665 0,731 1,500 1,175 0,932 0,344 2,067 1,272 0,776 0,767 0,575 0,357 1,334 1,127 1,661 0,659 0,583 0,408 2,004 2,261 1,140 1,183 0,883 2,231 1,073 1,222 0,898 3,131 0,939 Rivista ECOTOXICOL ENERG POLIC ENV BIOL F ENV ENTOMOL ENV GEOCH H ENV GEOL W ENV MOL MUT ENV MON ASS ENV SCI TEC ENV TECHNOL ENV TOX CH ENV TOX WAT ENVIR CONS ENVIR EXP B ENVIR GEOL ENVIR H PER ENVIR MANAG ENVIR POLLU ENVIR RES ENVIRON INT ENVIRON PR ENVIRONMENT ESTUARIES ETHOL ECOL EUR J SOIL EVOL ECOL EVOLUTION FOREST ECOL FOREST PROD FOREST SCI FORESTRY FR ENV BULL FRESHW BIOL FUNCT ECOL GEOMICROB J GEOPHYS J I GEOPHYS R L GEOPHYSIC J GROUND WATE HOLARC ECOL HOLZFORSCH HYDRO SCI J HYDROBIOL HYDROL PROC ICES J MAR IND HEALTH INT BIO BIO INT J BIOM INT J ENV A INT J HYD E J AEROS SCI J AIR WASTE J ANIM ECOL J APPL ECOL J AQUAT PL J ARID ENV J ATMOS CH J BIOGEOGR J CHEM ECOL J CLIMATE J COAST RES IF 0,635 0,557 0,853 0,176 0,372 2,370 0,497 3,122 0,643 1,986 0,561 0,492 0,991 0,214 1,194 0,707 1,467 1,217 0,492 1,278 2,185 0,726 0,417 0,152 1,688 2,540 0,600 0,349 0,733 0,349 1,351 1,620 0,500 1,415 2,606 1,210 0,449 0,832 0,392 0,666 0,750 0,840 0,321 0,204 0,644 1,328 0,374 1,197 0,897 2,485 1,382 0,233 0,412 2,173 0,792 1,220 3,882 0,883 (segue) 42 APPENDICE 1 Rivista J CONSEIL J CONTAM HY J ECOLOGY J ENV RAD J ENVIR EC J ENVIR MGM J ENVIR Q J ENVIR S A J ENVIR S B J EVOL BIOL J EXP AN EN J EXP MAR B J FORESTRY J FRESHW EC J GEO R-O A J GEO R-PLA J GEO R-S E J GEO R-S P J GEO R-SOL J GEO RES-A J GEO RES-O J HAZARD M J HYDROL J I WATER E J MARINE RE J PHYS OCEA J PLANK RES J RANGE MAN J SOIL WAT J TOX ENV H J VEG SCI J WATER RES J WATERW P LAND DEGRAD LANDSC ECOL LIMN OCEAN MAR ECOL-PR MAR ENV RES MAR POLL B MICROB ECOL MT RES DEV NATURE IF 0,823 1,155 2,019 0,672 0,370 1,542 0,615 1,128 1,852 0,679 1,076 0,375 0,261 0,597 0,848 0,190 2,080 2,477 1,565 0,405 0,626 1,498 1,168 0,676 0,607 0,172 1,000 2,389 1,949 1,522 0,911 1,870 0,424 27,074 Rivista NUCL SAFETY OCEANOL ACT OECOLOGIA OIKOS OZONE-SCI E P NAS US P ROY SOC B PEDOBIOLOG PLANT SCI PLANT SOIL POLAR BIOL RAD WASTE M RADIAT ENV REGUL RIVER REMOT SEN E RES J WATER RESOUR CON REV ECOL REV GEOPHYS SCI TOTAL E SCIENCE SOIL BIOL B SOIL SCI SOIL SCI SO SOIL TECH SOIL USE M T AM FISH S TELLUS A TELLUS B THEOR POP B TOX ENV CH TREE PHYSL TREND ECOL VEGETATIO WASTE MAN R WAT ENV RES WATER A S P WATER RES WATER RES B WATER RES R WATER SCI T Z PFLANZ B IF 0,094 0,417 1,569 1,942 0,738 10,52 2,589 0,566 1,179 0,999 1,331 0,067 0,766 0,509 1,627 0,624 0,411 0,286 6,371 0,735 21,911 1,356 0,765 1,338 0,214 0,379 0,914 2,024 1,926 1,079 0,224 1,299 4,439 1,635 0,273 0,844 1,146 1,536 0,671 1,639 0,524 0,564 43 IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA Lo stesso elenco delle 206 riviste della tabella precedente riportato in ordine decrescente secondo il numero di articoli (N° art.) pubblicati da ricercatori italiani in ciascuna rivista (Contr.%= contributo percentuale di ciascuna rivista ai 4858 articoli pubblicati da autori italiani fra il 1981 e il gennaio 1996; Cum.= contributo cumulato in percentuale). Rivista 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 SCI TOTAL E CHEMOSPHERE HYDROBIOL GEOPHYS R L ETHOL ECOL WATER SCI T PLANT SCI MAR POLL B INT J HYD E J GEO R-S P J AEROS SCI WATER RES B ENVIR CON INT J ENV A TOX ENV CH WATER A S P PLANT SOIL ATMOS ENVIR WATER RES R GEOPHYS J I ECOTOX ENV APPL ENVIR J GEO RES-A BIOCH SYST ENVIR H PER ENV TECHNOL ANN GEOPH AGR ECO ENV VEGETATIO ECOL MODEL J TOX ENV H SOIL BIOL B OCEANOL ACT MAR ECOL-PR ATMOS ENV A AQUACULTURE BIOL FERT S ENVIR RES SOIL SCI J GEO RES-O J GEO R-SOL ENV SCI TEC POLAR BIOL REMOT SEN E ENV MOL MUT COMM SOIL S J HYDROL J EXP MAR B MAR ENV RES FR ENV BULL J GEO R-S E J ENV RAD SOIL SCI SO J HAZARD M J ENVIR S A CLAY CLAY M ANN GEOPHY HYDRO SCI J NATURE N° art. 390 186 170 133 126 125 113 109 92 86 83 82 81 78 77 74 74 73 69 67 65 64 63 59 59 53 51 49 48 45 43 43 41 38 38 38 36 36 36 34 34 33 32 32 32 31 31 31 30 29 28 28 28 28 27 26 25 24 24 Contr.% Cum. 8,028 3,829 3,499 2,738 2,594 2,573 2,326 2,244 1,894 1,770 1,709 1,688 1,667 1,606 1,585 1,523 1,523 1,503 1,420 1,379 1,338 1,317 1,297 1,214 1,214 1,091 1,050 1,009 0,988 0,926 0,885 0,885 0,844 0,782 0,782 0,782 0,741 0,741 0,741 0,700 0,700 0,679 0,659 0,659 0,659 0,638 0,638 0,638 0,618 0,597 0,576 0,576 0,576 0,576 0,556 0,535 0,515 0,494 0,494 8,00 11,86 15,36 18,09 20,69 23,26 25,59 27,83 29,72 31,49 33,20 34,89 36,56 38,16 39,75 41,27 42,80 44,30 45,72 47,10 48,44 49,75 51,05 52,26 53,48 54,57 55,62 56,63 57,62 58,54 59,43 60,31 61,16 61,94 62,72 63,50 64,24 64,99 65,73 66,43 67,13 67,81 68,46 69,12 69,78 70,42 71,06 71,70 72,31 72,91 73,49 74,06 74,64 75,22 75,77 76,31 76,82 77,32 77,81 Rivista 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 CATENA ENVIR EXP B ARCH ENV C J CHEM ECOL ARCH HYDROB BIOL WASTE J PLANK RES AM IND HYG J ENVIR Q THEOR POP B ENV MON ASS AQUAT TOX J PHYS OCEA ENVIR POLLU ENVIRON INT ANTARCT SCI ANN GEOPH B J ATMOS CH TREE PHYSL ENV TOX CH ENVIR CONS ENVIR GEOL RESOUR CON J EVOL BIOL Z PFLANZ B RADIAT ENV RAD WASTE M ADV WATER R EVOLUTION CAN J FORES AGR WATER M ANN SCI FOR CAN J SOIL AM NATURAL J VEG SCI DEEP-SEA A ENVIR MANAG AMBIO EARTH SURF REV ECOL PEDOBIOLOG CAN J FISH GEOPHYSIC J OZONE-SCI E ENV ENTOMOL J COAST RES J GEO R-O A LIMN OCEAN J ENVIR MGM INT J BIOM COAST ENG BIOL CONSER AEROS SCI T CLIM CHANGE ATMOS ENV B J ENVIR S B TELLUS A GROUND WATE FOREST ECOL N° art. 23 23 22 21 21 21 20 19 19 19 18 18 17 17 17 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 15 15 14 14 14 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 Contr.% 0,473 0,473 0,453 0,432 0,432 0,432 0,412 0,391 0,391 0,391 0,371 0,371 0,350 0,350 0,350 0,329 0,329 0,329 0,309 0,309 0,309 0,309 0,309 0,309 0,288 0,288 0,288 0,268 0,268 0,268 0,247 0,247 0,247 0,247 0,247 0,247 0,247 0,226 0,226 0,226 0,226 0,206 0,206 0,206 0,206 0,206 0,185 0,185 0,185 0,185 0,185 0,185 0,185 0,165 0,165 0,165 0,165 0,165 0,165 Cum. 78,28 78,76 79,21 79,64 80,07 80,51 80,92 81,31 81,70 82,09 82,46 82,83 83,18 83,53 83,88 84,21 84,54 84,87 85,18 85,49 85,80 86,11 86,41 86,72 87,01 87,30 87,59 87,86 88,12 88,39 88,64 88,88 89,13 89,38 89,63 89,87 90,12 90,35 90,57 90,80 91,03 91,23 91,44 91,64 91,85 92,05 92,24 92,42 92,61 92,80 92,98 93,17 93,35 93,52 93,68 93,85 94,01 94,17 94,34 (segue) 44 APPENDICE 1 Rivista 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 ECOL ECON OECOLOGIA TREND ECOL J FORESTRY ENV GEOL W FUNCT ECOL GEOMICROB J ENV BIOL F P ROY SOC B TELLUS B ECOGRAPHY REV GEOPHYS ENVIRONMENT NUCL SAFETY ACT OEC-GEN OIKOS J WATERW P MICROB ECOL CHEM SPEC B FRESHW BIOL J ARID ENV ECOLOGY ENERG POLIC WATER RES B INT BIO BIO SOIL TECH ACT OEC-PLA DEEP-SEA II J APPL ECOL J MARINE RE ESTUARIES ICES J MAR SCIENCE AQUAT SCI BEHAV ECO S ANN GEOPH A ECOL ENT J SOIL WAT P NAS US FOREST SCI HOLZFORSCH J GEO R-PLA BIODIVERS C LAND DEGRAD N° art. 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 Contr.% 0,165 0,165 0,144 0,144 0,144 0,144 0,144 0,144 0,144 0,124 0,124 0,124 0,124 0,124 0,124 0,124 0,124 0,124 0,103 0,103 0,103 0,103 0,103 0,103 0,082 0,082 0,082 0,082 0,082 0,082 0,082 0,082 0,082 0,082 0,082 0,082 0,062 0,062 0,062 0,062 0,062 0,041 0,041 0,041 Cum. 94,50 94,67 94,81 94,96 95,10 95,24 95,39 95,53 95,68 95,80 95,92 96,05 96,17 96,29 96,42 96,54 96,67 96,79 96,89 96,99 97,10 97,20 97,30 97,41 97,49 97,57 97,65 97,74 97,82 97,90 97,98 98,07 98,15 98,23 98,31 98,39 98,46 98,52 98,58 98,64 98,70 98,74 98,79 98,83 Rivista 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 J ECOLOGY EVOL ECOL MT RES DEV ACT OEC-APP COLD REG SC FOREST PROD J BIOGEOGR J CLIMATE ECOTOXICOL ENV TOX WAT J CONSEIL DEEP-SEA I CONSER BIOL HYDROL PROC J ANIM ECOL IND HEALTH J I WATER E WASTE MAN R WAT ENV RES J ENVIR EC AM MIDL NAT AI APPL J AQUAT PL ADV MICR EC J AIR WASTE LANDSC ECOL ECOL APPL BIOSCIENCE J CONTAM HY SOIL USE M ENV GEOCH H BIOGEOCHEMI RES J WATER HOLARC ECOL REGUL RIVER J RANGE MAN J EXP AN EN ENVIRON PR EUR J SOIL ARCTIC J WATER RES FORESTRY J FRESHW EC T AM FISH S N° art. 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Contr.% 0,041 0,041 0,041 0,041 0,041 0,041 0,041 0,041 0,041 0,041 0,041 0,041 0,041 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 0,021 Cum. 98,87 98,91 98,95 98,99 99,03 99,07 99,11 99,16 99,20 99,24 99,28 99,32 99,36 99,38 99,40 99,42 99,44 99,46 99,49 99,51 99,53 99,55 99,57 99,59 99,61 99,63 99,65 99,67 99,69 99,71 99,73 99,75 99,77 99,79 99,81 99,84 99,86 99,88 99,90 99,92 99,94 99,96 99,98 100,00 45 Appendice 2 IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA Elenco degli articoli pubblicati tra il 1991 e il 1995 1. 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Cercospora beticola toxin - A reassessment of some in vitro effects. Plant Science, 84: 53. 19. AGGARWAL GC, PIMENTEL D, GIAMPIETRO M, 1992. Weed benefits and costs in rice and wheat production in India. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 39: 235. 20. AGGAZZOTTI G, FANTUZZI G, PREDIERI G, RIGHI E, MOSCARDELLI S, 1994. Indoor exposure to perchloroethylene (PCE) in individuals living with dry cleaning workers. Science of the Total Environment, 156: 133. 21. AGLIETTA M, ALESSANDRO B, ARNEODO F, BERGAMASCO L, FAUTH AC, CASTAGNOLI C, CASTELLINA A, CATTADORI C, CHIAVASSA A, CINI G, PIAZZOLI BD, FULGIONE W, GALEOTTI P, GHIA PL, MANNOCCHI G, MORELLO C, 1993. Fractal behavior of cosmic ray time series - Chaos or stochasticity. Journal of Geophysical Research-Space Physics, 98: 5241. 22. AGUILAR A, BORRELL A, 1994. Reproductive transfer and variation of body load of organochlorine pollutants with age in fin whales (Balaenoptera-Physalus). 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Parental care in Attelabidae (Coleoptera Curculionoidea). Ethology Ecology & Evolution, —: 113. 149 Indice analitico degli autori IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA Indice analitico degli autori (i numeri si riferiscono all’elenco precedente). Abate L: 1 Abbadessa P: 468 Abbiati M: 2 Abbondandolo A: 121 343 352 353 Abbruzzese C: 1863 Abdeldayem S: 1280 Abelmoschi ML: 706 Abenavoli MR: 1740 Abete C: 1070 Abollino O: 8 1139 Abrigo C: 1140 1141 Abruzzese A: 2159 Abuzeid M: 1280 Abuzeid N: 908 Accolla P: 2358 Accomando R: 2469 Accorti M: 3 4 5 6 7 2408 Aceto M: 8 9 10 Achilli L: 1517 Achilli M: 11 12 Acostapomar L: 924 Acuna MH: 1216 Adamo P: 13 Addabbo C: 14 Ade PAR: 539 Adorni G: 15 Adriani A: 16 17 836 837 1218 1219 1220 1221 2525 Aducci P: 18 Agati G: 2429 Agati L: 1445 Aggarwal GC: 19 Aggazzotti G: 20 364 Aglietta M: 21 Agostini S: 1994 Agro AF: 1486 Aguilar A: 22 1344 Ahlfeld DP: 2402 2403 Ahn BH: 23 Aiello A: 24 25 Aiello R: 557 Airoldi L: 274 1610 1699 Aissaoui DM: 1585 Aissouni Y: 2157 Ajmone Marsan F: 26 Akesson S: 1265 Akinci A: 27 Akpan V: 28 Albanis TA: 2042 Albarello D: 29 1580 Albasini A: 693 152 Alberga L: 30 Alberola C: 31 1412 Albertano P: 32 Alberte RS: 33 Alberti A: 497 Alberti MB: 2307 Albino V: 34 Albo S: 2285 Albonetti ME: 35 Alborghetti F: 1325 2324 Albrecht A: 560 Albrizio M: 36 776 1668 Alcock N: 2392 Alderucci V: 37 815 1201 2044 2309 Aldini RN: 38 Aldrich JR: 1603 Alerstam T: 1265 Alessandrini A: 969 Alessandro B: 21 Alessio L: 39 40 41 98 Alessio S: 42 Alexandrov K: 203 Alfani A: 717 835 Alfano G: 43 Alghisi P: 952 Ali MNB: 1341 Alianiello F: 264 Alicata P: 44 Alieri R: 942 Alinovi R: 286 1050 1731 Aliotta G: 45 46 47 Alisi C: 2159 Allais L: 1531 Allard R: 1913 Allegrini I: 48 49 50 51 637 833 834 956 2212 Allegrucci G: 52 601 Alliney S: 172 Allotta G: 1556 Alonzi A: 2200 Alpi A: 1870 1954 Altieri I: 1798 Altissimo L: 2541 Altschuh J: 1279 Alzieu C: 53 Amador R: 87 Amadori M: 1249 Amalfitano C: 54 Amar M: 1355 Amata E: 655 Amato A: 55 56 57 615 616 1679 2234 Amato M: 58 59 Amato U: 60 Ambrosoli R: 70 1751 Amendola A: 61 Amendola R: 2296 Amiard JC: 2218 Amodio Cocchieri R: 62 Amoruso A: 63 Amuzu AT: 325 An J: 1317 Ancora G: 1259 1787 Anderson DN: 1911 Anderson R: 1722 Andrasi G: 1674 Andre J: 64 Andreae MO: 1004 Andreoli C: 65 66 67 277 282 283 Andreoni V: 68 69 70 1677 1751 Andreozzi R: 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 2404 Andreozzi U: 1239 1240 Andretta M: 79 Andrieu B: 1335 Andrighetto I: 80 Andronopoulos S: 81 Anfodillo T: 2430 Anfossi D: 82 83 429 2176 2178 2340 Angelini I: 1415 Angelino E: 84 90 Angelone M: 85 86 Anger WK: 87 88 89 Angius SP: 90 Angotzi G: 121 Anicich E: 1191 Anklin M: 1065 Annegarn HJ: 91 Annesini MC: 92 Annunziato A: 14 Anselmi B: 1802 Anselmi S: 2545 Anselmo L: 2112 Antisari LV: 93 632 1120 1253 1586 1587 1588 2120 Antonella B: 1818 Antonelli R: 94 Antonini A: 370 Antonucci PL: 37 1201 Antonucci V: 37 815 1201 Antronico L: 2288 Apadula F: 928 Apicella M: 95 Apollonio M: 424 1469 Apostoli P: 39 41 96 97 98 Appelgren BG: 99 Appollonia L: 2043 Aprile A: 353 Aquino M: 569 1059 Arango HG: 1643 1644 Arar A: 100 Arata P: 1202 Ardiani R: 252 Arduini I: 101 Arduino E: 102 338 Arena G: 353 Arends BG: 926 927 1075 1077 2526 2527 Aresu O: 2101 Arfaioli P: 377 378 379 380 381 1074 Argentesi F: 103 Argentini S: 104 Argese E: 105 106 107 396 397 1625 2569 Arias E: 108 Arico AS: 1201 Arienzo M: 109 110 111 112 204 1924 2174 Arillo A: 113 114 2478 2479 2480 2481 Aringhieri R: 115 2281 Arisanatac I: 2219 Aristov YI: 450 1999 Arnell N: 1083 Arneodo F: 21 Arnese A: 62 656 Arnoldi A: 993 Arnoux A: 2098 Aronne G: 116 Arossa W: 361 Arpaia S: 117 Arrigoni O: 36 776 Arsuffi E: 1699 Artale V: 118 2130 Artan N: 1154 Artegiani A: 119 1840 Artioli G: 120 Artusi R: 2249 Artuso M: 121 Arzone A: 122 Ascioti FA: 123 1841 INDICE Asimakopoulos D: 81 Assennato G: 124 Astolfi S: 2455 Astorino G: 125 Astraldi M: 31 118 126 127 Atkins DHF: 391 Atkinson D: 299 300 Attias L: 128 Attila M: 1403 Atzori L: 129 Au WW: 1409 Audley J: 714 Auffret G: 1722 Augugliaro V: 1985 Aulicino FA: 130 1724 1725 Avalle V: 1717 Avanzini C: 131 Avezzu F: 1163 Avian M: 132 133 2175 Avigliano L: 1486 Avignone MT: 1140 Avila C: 134 1020 Avio L: 2437 Avise JC: 737 Avissar R: 759 Avogadro E: 257 Axelrad R: 1569 Azimigarakani D: 1466 Azimonti G: 2074 Azzimonti MT: 483 Baca MT: 135 Bacaloni A: 1569 Baccetti N: 136 Bacchi B: 137 138 139 2126 Bacchiega U: 1167 Bacci E: 53 140 141 142 163 457 852 1085 1086 1573 1850 2386 Bacci P: 484 2177 Baccigalupi L: 1734 Bachiorri A: 143 974 Bacigalupo MA: 2092 Bacis M: 1699 1700 2166 Badalamenti B: 144 Badalucco L: 145 146 147 1253 1385 1386 Badamchian B: 102 Baggi G: 69 Bagley M: 199 Bagnasco M: 2478 2480 Bagnati R: 1610 Bagni N: 2125 Baiocchi C: 148 Baj A: 2251 2252 2253 Bak E: 1054 Bak RPM: 149 2450 Balansky RM: 783 Balconi C: 150 Baldacci A: 595 Baldan B: 151 Baldassarri LT: 291 1656 1794 Baldi F: 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 653 988 1004 Baldi M: 589 759 760 761 1032 Baldini M: 1416 Baldry MGC: 159 Balducci C: 1660 2152 Balducci D: 2433 2434 2435 Balduzzi A: 2193 Bale AE: 1790 Balestreri E: 1447 Balestrini R: 402 490 491 Ballestrazzi R: 160 1383 Baloda SB: 1367 1843 Baloszi B: 928 Balsamo DD: 2342 Balsamo M: 161 Balsari P: 2029 Banchetti R: 2067 Banina A: 1362 Banzi M: 162 Bar E: 1029 Barale R: 163 164 310 Baratta GA: 669 2319 Barazzuoli P: 165 Barbafieri M: 1910 Barban R: 12 Barbanti A: 166 167 168 Barbaresi U: 672 Barbaro AM: 313 Barbera G: 169 1329 Barberis E: 102 338 925 Barberis G: 170 Barberis M: 2089 Barbero E: 1805 Barbic F: 2230 2540 Barbieri A: 171 1381 1547 1548 Barbieri F: 678 Barbieri M: 2193 Barbini R: 1832 Barbiroli G: 172 Barbujani G: 710 Barcelo D: 2042 Bardaji T: 2550 Bardeschi A: 84 173 Baret F: 174 1335 Barg UC: 2332 Bargagli R: 142 175 176 177 178 903 1018 1440 Barghigiani C: 175 176 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 2111 Barghigiani G: 188 Barker T: 1306 Barkhadle AMI: 189 Barlattani M: 2125 Barnes I: 2522 Barnett TP: 1642 Barni B: 190 191 Barnini B: 164 Baroncelli S: 192 586 1345 2003 Barone F: 193 Barone R: 194 469 1006 Baroni C: 195 2289 Baroni U: 311 Baronio P: 778 Barra L: 196 197 Barra R: 198 1041 Barrai I: 163 164 Bartley D: 199 Bartoleschi C: 2296 Bartolesi A: 444 Bartoletti C: 2390 Bartoli G: 717 Bartoli M: 2471 Bartolini F: 721 Bartolini P: 200 Bartolomei C: 201 Bartolozzi M: 202 Bartolucci V: 1620 Barton CC: 704 Bartsch H: 203 Bartzis JG: 81 Baschieri P: 261 Basile G: 109 204 Basini G: 819 1226 Basset A: 205 206 Basset Y: 207 208 Bassetti A: 219 582 672 1600 1852 2436 Bassi G: 209 Bassi M: 695 696 Basso AL: 482 Bastianoni S: 2418 Basu A: 210 Bater JE: 1822 Batini F: 1019 1188 Batisti D: 1820 Battaglia B: 1404 1848 ANALITICO DEGLI AUTORI 1849 Battaglia M: 211 Battegazzore M: 212 213 1092 1094 Battisti A: 214 1552 Battisti E: 177 Battiston GA: 215 2202 Battiston R: 1993 Battistoni P: 216 217 218 219 220 221 583 Bauce G: 1546 Baudo R: 592 1992 Bauleo R: 179 182 Baumgartner J: 778 Bavaresco L: 222 223 Bavassano B: 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 426 1359 1360 Bavassano Cattaneo MB: 655 Bavazzano P: 231 Bavestrello G: 232 1087 2193 Bay A: 2166 Bazzani M: 2429 Bazzarri S: 2356 Bazzoffi P: 233 Beani L: 234 235 236 1458 Beautier L: 1412 Beccaloni E: 712 1182 Beccari M: 237 238 239 Becchi I: 1989 2254 Becciu G: 138 Becker CE: 754 Becker KH: 240 Bedini C: 975 Bedogni L: 980 Beer J: 560 Behrendt V: 2310 Beiles A: 1759 Belardinelli ME: 241 242 243 Belardini P: 244 Belcari P: 2111 Bell JG: 245 Bellani LM: 246 Bellasio R: 247 Bellato S: 67 Bellelli E: 2183 Belli G: 248 2170 Belli M: 193 249 250 251 252 611 Belli S: 2374 Bellin A: 253 254 255 256 382 153 IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA Bellini C: 257 Bellobono IR: 190 191 2074 Bellotto M: 120 Bellucci C: 1725 Belluomini G: 2550 Belmonte G: 258 259 936 Belosi F: 1994 1995 Belotti L: 1639 2324 Beltrami E: 123 Benassai E: 95 Benassi M: 810 Benatti G: 2563 Bencini A: 260 Bencko V: 1370 Bendetta G: 1547 1550 Bendoricchio G: 261 262 263 Benedetti A: 264 1696 Benedetti MS: 265 Benedetti R: 266 Benedetti Cecchi L: 267 268 269 270 Benetti A: 1214 1910 Benfenati E: 271 272 273 274 275 276 1113 1557 1558 1610 1745 1746 2355 Benigni R: 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 788 Bennett KD: 2412 Bennicelli C: 784 2478 2480 Bennici A: 246 Benter T: 2276 Bentley B: 199 Benvenuti F: 848 Benvenuti M: 1228 Benvenuti P: 1066 Benvenuti S: 1265 1334 Benzhora M: 1412 Beone GM: 2300 Berardi V: 864 Berg B: 285 835 Berg MP: 285 Bergamaschi E: 286 1050 1357 1731 2389 Bergamasco A: 287 Bergamasco L: 21 288 289 Bergami C: 2248 Bergamini M: 1228 Bergamini MC: 168 Bergheim W: 1377 Bergomi M: 2508 Berhendt V: 1722 154 Berkeley S: 1609 Berkman PA: 290 Berlincioni M: 291 Berloni A: 514 Bernabai U: 292 Bernabeo F: 2166 Bernagozzi M: 293 Bernard P: 779 2565 Bernardi A: 294 484 486 Bernardi L: 1445 1453 Bernardi M: 500 Bernardi P: 397 Bernardini G: 295 1988 2502 Bernasconi MP: 296 Berner A: 926 927 1075 1077 2526 2527 Bernhard M: 64 Berninger F: 297 Berrino G: 899 Bersani M: 678 Berta G: 298 299 300 1072 1503 Bertani A: 2047 Bertani R: 301 Bertazzi PA: 302 1361 1387 1890 Berte F: 1254 Berti R: 303 674 Bertocci F: 304 Bertoli C: 244 Bertoli L: 305 Bertolini B: 339 Bertolino F: 1458 Bertolo E: 1509 Bertone S: 537 Bertoni R: 462 Bertoni W: 1108 Bertotti B: 306 Bertotti L: 568 Berzaghi P: 80 Besse J: 1585 Best A: 2457 Best CH: 307 Best I: 2463 Bettarini I: 308 Bettega D: 309 Betti C: 310 Betti M: 1831 Bettinelli M: 311 Bettiol C: 106 107 Bettoli MG: 312 2399 Beugnon G: 2416 Bevilacqua L: 1997 Beyerle G: 1757 Biagi GL: 313 1827 1828 1829 Biagioni M: 1462 1463 Bianchetti R: 740 741 Bianchi A: 693 Bianchi C: 785 Bianchi CN: 127 Bianchi F: 314 2015 2458 Bianchi R: 373 Bianchi S: 594 Bianchini ML: 2563 Bianciardi C: 315 316 317 Bianco MA: 157 Bianco PG: 318 Bianconi R: 79 319 Bianucci F: 293 Biasini MG: 2003 Biasiolo A: 682 Bidoglio G: 2074 Biella G: 55 Bielli A: 511 Biggiero G: 320 321 Biggs P: 2522 Bigliardi E: 2160 Bignami A: 950 Bignami F: 322 323 2214 Bignami L: 324 Bignami M: 1033 Bignoli F: 190 191 Billen J: 1349 Bin F: 1603 Biney C: 325 Bingel F: 1084 Bingham R: 775 Bini C: 85 86 326 Bintein S: 847 Biondi A: 656 Biondi F: 327 1640 Biondi S: 2574 Bisazza A: 328 1555 2572 Biserni M: 848 Bisi M: 2131 2132 Bistoni F: 1270 Black K: 1290 Blair BW: 2381 Blakey N: 708 Blanco A: 669 Blanco J: 1648 Blasi C: 1526 1608 Blasi M: 249 Blech G: 1134 Blonda M: 329 Blondeaux P: 1043 1044 Blumetti AM: 330 Boano G: 743 Boari G: 331 Boattini P: 1863 Boatwright J: 854 Bobbio L: 1476 1477 Boccelli R: 332 Bocchi MC: 286 1050 Bocchio F: 333 Boccia ML: 35 Bodini A: 334 335 Boero DL: 336 Boero F: 337 387 936 Boero V: 338 Boffa G: 2177 Boggero A: 1550 Bogliani G: 587 Boglione C: 339 Bohm E: 2214 Boisson JY: 1722 Boitani L: 340 341 2046 Boldrin A: 149 314 2015 2450 Bollag JM: 1178 1738 Bolognesi C: 342 343 352 917 Bolognesi R: 231 Bolognini G: 344 1205 1769 1770 1771 Bolzacchini E: 345 Bolzern AM: 1799 Bona R: 720 Bonaccorso A: 346 Bonacina C: 347 1845 Bonaduce G: 766 Bonafe U: 1133 Bonafede F: 969 Bonafede M: 241 242 243 348 1928 Bonanni P: 349 Bonapasta RA: 874 Bonari E: 1910 Bonasoni P: 1030 1031 1144 1307 Bonassi S: 121 342 Bonati L: 1966 Bonatti E: 350 351 Bonatti S: 121 352 353 2344 Boncristiani G: 1454 Bondavalli C: 2471 Bondesan M: 354 Bonelli E: 1723 Bonelli P: 355 Bonfante P: 1895 Bonfanti P: 68 Bonfigli A: 1663 Bonfitto E: 1557 INDICE Bongi G: 356 Bongiorno F: 819 1226 Boni L: 357 540 2506 2507 Bonifacio E: 2542 2543 2544 Bonifazi C: 1348 Bonifazi P: 358 Bonino G: 560 Bonmati M: 359 Bono G: 681 Bono P: 360 Bono R: 361 1190 1192 1193 1194 Bonomi G: 347 1845 Bonoretti G: 1237 Bonvini M: 1883 Boopathy R: 362 Boracchi P: 295 Borden R: 714 Bordone L: 2502 Borea PA: 313 Borella P: 363 364 Borello Filisetti O: 365 Borg H: 655 Borgarello E: 1866 Borghese F: 366 Borghetti M: 367 368 2367 2368 Borgia A: 369 Borgioli C: 304 Borgonovi GE: 2196 Borin M: 2541 Borio R: 370 Borleri D: 748 2230 Borman MM: 1341 Bormann BT: 371 Borraccino G: 907 Borrell A: 22 699 1344 Borruto A: 320 321 Bortolotto A: 1573 Bortoluzzi S: 2299 Bortone G: 372 373 374 1231 2363 Boschetti P: 1022 Boschi E: 756 758 1186 1976 2143 2293 Boschi G: 1504 Bosco F: 2135 Bosco M: 375 1482 Boscolo A: 376 Bosellini I: 2440 Bosetto M: 377 378 379 380 381 1074 Bosma WJP: 254 382 Bossert P: 2277 Bossi R: 383 Bothner MH: 167 Botta GC: 2205 Bottacci A: 444 2188 Bottalico C: 2501 Bottari A: 384 Botteschi G: 2228 Botti D: 1663 Bottner P: 285 Bottoni L: 1025 1026 Bottoni P: 385 886 Bouchet P: 386 Boudou A: 64 155 Bougnol F: 2271 Bouillon J: 387 Boulanger P: 388 Boulton AJ: 766 Bouzid N: 1346 Bovio G: 389 Bovio M: 1701 Bovolenta MR: 2551 Bovolenta S: 1079 Bowadt S: 390 1395 1397 1398 Bower JS: 391 Bower KN: 680 Box E: 285 Bozo S: 2047 Bozzo E: 392 Braathen G: 750 Braatne JH: 608 Bracale M: 393 394 Braccaioli A: 2183 Braccini G: 202 Brach G: 1216 Brachetti A: 634 636 Bradford GR: 2237 Braga M: 41 395 Bragadin M: 396 397 398 Braggio F: 811 Braguglia C: 480 Braguglia CM: 399 Braidot E: 400 Braitenberg C: 401 Brambilla A: 345 402 Brambilla AM: 403 Brambilla G: 1638 Brambilla P: 1667 Branca C: 151 Brancaccio FM: 819 1226 Brancadoro L: 404 Brancaleoni E: 634 635 636 637 Brancati A: 2168 Branckaert RD: 405 Brancolini G: 1444 Brandi G: 406 Brandmayr P: 407 408 Brandmayr TZ: 407 409 Branzoni M: 1024 Bras RL: 2076 2083 2093 2094 Brasey P: 2297 Brath A: 137 410 Braun AM: 1229 Braun T: 411 1758 Bravar L: 412 413 Bravo FH: 2370 Brechet J: 800 2313 Breder R: 965 Bregant D: 2317 Brehmer P: 1412 Brescianini C: 2433 2434 2435 Bressan M: 414 415 1561 1563 Bresso M: 416 Breteler WCMK: 1983 Breymeyer A: 285 Brezzo E: 1190 Briatore L: 42 Brighenti G: 1108 Brilli L: 141 Brinckman FE: 988 Brinkman R: 417 1336 Brisset P: 2098 Brivio PA: 2560 Brocato E: 447 Brocchieri L: 418 Brockhoff L: 419 Brockhoff LH: 1278 Brogi L: 443 Bronzetti G: 1001 1002 1692 2458 Brookes PC: 686 Brown DH: 178 Brown GC: 2142 Bruggemann R: 1279 Bruner F: 358 420 421 514 1529 Brunetti A: 329 Brunetti G: 2238 2241 Brunetti MT: 1226 Brunetti R: 414 415 422 423 1561 1563 Bruni A: 861 Bruni S: 2285 Bruni V: 1975 Bruno E: 424 Bruno M: 425 2513 ANALITICO DEGLI AUTORI Bruno R: 224 225 229 230 426 427 1359 1360 Brusa P: 428 617 618 Brusasca G: 83 429 2340 Bruschi CV: 789 876 2536 Brush LH: 1722 Bryan RB: 2288 Bryant SD: 1403 Bucci M: 141 1086 Buckley DE: 1722 Budetta G: 465 Budzinski H: 883 Buffagni A: 430 Buffoni A: 1780 Buffoni G: 118 Bufo SA: 431 873 Bugamelli F: 500 Bugmann H: 432 Buiatti E: 1619 Buiatti M: 2207 Bulckaen V: 433 Bulleri M: 164 Bullini L: 434 Bunte K: 1969 Buonasorte G: 1679 Buondonno A: 111 435 436 437 675 1327 2492 Buonfiglio V: 1455 Buratti M: 438 Burchi S: 99 Buresti E: 1482 Burggraf S: 2510 Burlaga LF: 1216 Burlando B: 2193 Burlando P: 439 440 Burrows JP: 2522 Burton O: 1772 Buscaini P: 273 Buschini A: 2114 2115 2117 Businelli D: 1212 1213 1214 1215 Businelli M: 2499 Busoni E: 441 2376 Bussoletti E: 669 670 Bussotti F: 442 443 444 445 Butera FM: 169 Buttini P: 635 Buzzi A: 939 Buzzini P: 1294 Cabella R: 635 Cabello T: 2381 Caboni E: 446 Caccamo D: 384 155 IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA Cacciani A: 447 Cacciani M: 448 863 872 997 998 1062 1400 2035 Cacciari I: 449 Cacciola G: 450 Caccone A: 52 451 452 Cachier H: 1338 Cadavid LG: 440 Caddy JF: 453 Caffarelli V: 2125 Cafiero G: 46 47 Caillot A: 2098 Caiola MG: 454 1029 Caire G: 2135 Caironi M: 1699 2324 Calace N: 455 Calamai L: 456 1074 2346 Calamari D: 140 325 457 458 459 460 867 1850 2385 2386 2483 2531 2541 Calcagnile A: 1033 Calcinai M: 1116 Calderoni A: 461 Calderoni G: 308 Calef D: 201 Caligiuri AS: 2551 Calisse PG: 2035 Callegari E: 560 Callieri C: 462 Calloni C: 234 797 798 Calo GC: 463 Calori G: 355 464 Caltabiano T: 465 1055 Calvi SL: 2563 Calvo C: 466 467 2258 Calvo S: 468 469 Calvosa L: 403 470 471 Calzolai R: 472 Calzolari C: 441 Calzolari P: 309 Camanni S: 1508 Camarero S: 473 Camatini M: 295 1988 Camerino D: 474 559 Camerlenghi A: 1444 Camerlengo P: 2183 Camici M: 681 Cammarano P: 1521 Camoirano A: 475 784 Camoni I: 476 Campanella L: 399 455 477 478 479 480 481 1246 1920 Campanile C: 482 156 Campanini N: 2115 Campesan G: 770 1562 1742 Campi F: 2354 Campion B: 483 Campus P: 2270 Camuffo D: 484 485 486 487 488 Camus AM: 203 Camusso M: 489 490 491 1906 1907 Canali S: 264 Canarutto S: 492 1942 Candela S: 980 Cander LR: 829 Candidi M: 23 1792 Canepa B: 811 Canesi L: 2467 2468 2469 Canesi M: 594 Caneva F: 558 Caneva G: 392 493 494 Cannarozzo M: 495 Cannarsa S: 1529 Cannas P: 708 Cannicci S: 2454 Cannio R: 1184 Cannistraci R: 569 Canosamas CE: 2522 Canossi I: 2558 Canova L: 496 943 Canovai R: 497 Cantale C: 498 Cantalini C: 1863 Cantelli L: 312 2399 Cantelli Forti G: 499 500 1409 1827 1828 1829 Cantone G: 501 Cantoni O: 406 Cao C: 502 Capanna E: 989 Capasso R: 503 Capelli R: 1651 2181 Capitao JA: 504 Capobianco M: 849 Capodaglio AG: 261 505 506 507 1032 Capodaglio E: 1324 Capodaglio G: 508 Caponecchi G: 841 1763 1872 Caporale G: 512 Caporali A: 509 Caporali E: 393 Caporali F: 510 954 Caporaso N: 2491 Caporaso NE: 1387 Cappelini P: 2203 Cappellani F: 511 Cappelletti EM: 512 Cappelletti G: 513 Cappiello A: 514 Capponi G: 392 Capra D: 515 Capra E: 249 250 Capra R: 40 Capri E: 332 516 517 2389 2391 Capri S: 1090 Capriglione T: 518 Caprio V: 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 2404 Caprioli R: 349 519 Capuano P: 401 2566 Capula M: 520 521 Capurro M: 115 Caputo P: 1723 Caracappa S: 1932 Carapelli A: 522 Caravaglio N: 2342 Carbonara C: 162 Carbone V: 523 524 525 Carchini G: 526 Carcione JM: 527 528 529 Carconi PL: 2125 Cardarelli E: 478 1246 Cardelli R: 1433 Cardellicchio N: 1808 Cardi T: 530 Cardinali M: 549 1277 Caretta G: 1270 Cariati F: 2285 Caricchia AM: 531 532 533 534 535 1427 1428 Carimi F: 536 Carini F: 1772 2227 Carioni M: 1410 Carlati F: 624 Carli A: 537 538 Carli B: 539 868 1833 Carli S: 1997 Carlin V: 1864 1865 1866 Carlotti M: 539 868 Carlsson P: 540 Carnemolla F: 889 Carnicelli S: 1661 Carnimeo D: 541 Carniti A: 594 Carobene L: 542 Caroli S: 543 Carpaneto GM: 544 Carpene E: 545 2248 Carpenter KE: 546 Carrada GC: 547 548 2197 Carrara A: 549 Carraro E: 550 1191 Carrere V: 551 Carreri V: 1667 Carrieri A: 1094 Carrieri C: 552 Carrieri MP: 1820 Carrion PM: 527 Carroll TO: 123 Carrozzi L: 2473 Carruba G: 1270 Carucci A: 553 554 2110 Caruso C: 1371 1734 Caruso G: 1668 Caruso P: 555 Caruso V: 1224 Carveni P: 15 Casadio S: 2035 Casale A: 556 Casareto L: 537 Casaretto L: 1678 Casella F: 1915 Casella S: 631 Casellato S: 557 558 Casini N: 1810 Casini S: 1013 1016 1036 1393 Casolari C: 929 Casotti R: 547 2562 Cassani L: 807 Cassina G: 1639 Cassinelli C: 231 Cassitto MG: 87 88 89 474 559 Cassola F: 1468 Cassoni F: 2114 2115 2117 Castagneto G: 2101 Castagnoli C: 21 Castagnoli GC: 560 Castagnoli O: 561 562 Castegnaro M: 203 Castellano L: 190 191 Castelli A: 723 2423 Castelli F: 2096 Castelli S: 498 Castellina A: 21 Castellini C: 2416 Castello D: 361 Castello P: 1701 Castelluccio F: 1132 INDICE Castiglione S: 257 Castiglioni GB: 354 Castoldi AF: 2341 Castorena Sanchez I: 571 Castrofino G: 90 Casu S: 1803 Casula D: 129 Caswell H: 1841 Catalano S: 563 Cataldi E: 564 639 Cataletto B: 565 566 Cataudella S: 339 564 639 Cattabeni F: 406 Cattadori C: 21 Cattaneo M: 1572 Cattaneo MBB: 567 2497 Cattaneo P: 567 Cattaneo Vietti R: 232 1087 Cattani O: 850 851 2250 2466 2506 2507 Cattani S: 2117 Cattivelli L: 736 1261 Cavadore A: 159 Cavagna GA: 1293 Cavaleri L: 568 Cavalieri Z: 353 Cavallaro S: 569 1059 Cavalleri A: 1659 Cavalli L: 570 Cavalli P: 148 Cavallini A: 571 Cavallini F: 529 729 731 Cavallini P: 572 Cavicchi S: 573 574 Cavicchioli A: 190 191 Cavicchioni G: 882 Caviglia AM: 1998 Cazzadori A: 2105 Ceccanti B: 359 575 630 631 853 1114 1115 1116 1117 1195 1413 1485 Ceccato D: 1666 Ceccherelli VU: 166 576 577 1057 1665 Cecchi F: 216 219 376 578 579 580 581 582 583 1554 1599 1600 1704 1754 1852 1869 2182 2436 2438 2504 Cecchi G: 584 2429 Cecchi LB: 585 Cecchi R: 2568 Cecchini M: 312 Cecconi F: 586 Cecconi G: 2474 Cech JS: 373 Cecinato A: 633 634 635 636 637 Celada C: 587 Celano G: 588 1626 1635 1917 1918 1919 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 Celi L: 1751 Celli G: 589 590 591 Cemin A: 597 Cenci R: 592 Cenedese A: 593 Cenni E: 442 443 Centurioni S: 1221 Cerana R: 677 Cereda C: 594 Cereda E: 91 595 Cerejeira MJ: 140 Cerfolli F: 596 Cerlesi S: 103 Cerning J: 1362 Cernuschi S: 597 Cerrano C: 232 Cerretani D: 1629 Cerretelli G: 1171 1172 Cervelli M: 951 Cervelli S: 492 598 Cervino M: 162 Cervo R: 599 600 626 764 797 1456 Cesaro M: 56 Cesaroni D: 52 601 820 Cescatti A: 214 1552 Cescon P: 508 602 603 1163 Cescutti P: 986 Cessi P: 604 605 606 607 Ceulemans R: 608 Cevenini R: 2173 Cevolani G: 609 610 Chaffin C: 1055 Chamard P: 611 Chamy MC: 861 1764 Chanin ML: 2525 Chartier M: 1412 Chastrette M: 883 Checchini L: 840 Chelazzi G: 472 612 804 805 1406 2190 Chelazzi L: 303 673 674 Chelini W: 2539 Chemello G: 140 1085 Chen KH: 613 Chen TA: 613 Chen YJ: 351 Cherchi P: 129 Cherqui A: 2156 Cherubini G: 136 Chesher T: 849 Chessa E: 1615 Chiancone E: 2498 Chiappini M: 831 Chiappino G: 614 Chiarabba C: 57 615 616 1679 2235 Chiarini V: 1785 Chiatante D: 617 618 Chiavari G: 2215 Chiavarini S: 531 532 533 534 535 619 620 1427 1628 Chiavassa A: 21 Chicchi L: 621 Chierici E: 1493 Chiesara E: 1539 Chiocchini S: 370 Chiodini G: 471 622 Chiorboli C: 2378 Chiozzi P: 1842 Chirico M: 561 562 1203 Chisci G: 623 Chiti F: 1453 Chlodini G: 624 Choinski JS: 625 Choudhary M: 626 Choularton TW: 680 Chrislip DW: 87 Christensen JM: 1984 Chuwers P: 754 Ciacchini G: 2458 Ciacco P: 2168 Ciafardini G: 627 628 Ciallella C: 1820 Cianficconi F: 629 Ciappellano S: 1445 Ciaralli L: 712 1202 1203 Ciardi C: 630 631 1115 1195 1485 Ciarpallini P: 539 Ciavatta C: 93 632 1235 1237 1238 1586 1587 2120 2265 Ciccarelli E: 647 Ciccioli P: 633 634 635 636 637 Cicconardi SP: 638 Ciccotti E: 639 Ciceri G: 11 640 1540 Cicero AM: 1202 Cicioni R: 370 Cicolani B: 641 871 ANALITICO DEGLI AUTORI Ciesla WM: 642 Cigna AA: 643 Cigna G: 1615 Cignetti A: 1137 1753 Ciminelli MG: 838 Ciminiello P: 644 947 Cimino G: 134 1020 1132 Cinelli F: 267 268 269 270 585 Cinetto M: 215 Cingolani L: 645 646 647 707 Cini G: 21 Cini R: 480 648 Cinque A: 649 Cioce F: 314 Cioffi R: 34 Ciollaro G: 2189 Cioni PL: 563 Cioni R: 622 904 968 Cionini G: 571 Ciotti G: 1745 Cipelletti B: 1539 Cirillo MC: 650 1131 1622 1971 Cirla AM: 651 Ciucci P: 341 Ciuti M: 2206 Civitareale C: 859 Claps P: 652 1000 Clark G: 1387 Clark T: 154 Clark TR: 653 Claudia S: 1930 Clemensknott D: 2273 Clement B: 912 2316 Clement SL: 654 Clementi S: 742 2379 Coates AJ: 655 Coccagna L: 357 Cocchi L: 163 Cocchieri RA: 656 Coccia A: 425 Cocco R: 477 Cocconcelli P: 1362 Cocks PS: 2138 2139 Cocucci M: 2159 Cocucci MC: 657 Cocucci S: 2158 Cocucci SM: 2159 Codino A: 1226 Coffaro G: 262 263 Coggon D: 1361 Cognetti G: 658 659 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 157 IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA 667 Cognetti GA: 2048 Cogoni G: 105 Cogoy M: 668 Cohen A: 1357 Coiante D: 196 197 Colacci A: 1259 1879 2345 Colacino M: 760 Colangeli L: 669 670 Colella C: 34 Coles J: 2004 Coles JA: 1948 Colettipreviero MA: 2155 2156 2157 Colica A: 2377 Colla A: 392 Collina E: 671 Collivignarelli C: 672 Colombi A: 438 Colombini I: 303 673 674 Colombini MP: 1070 Colombo C: 675 676 2492 Colombo E: 2253 Colombo F: 748 Colombo M: 70 2029 Colombo P: 498 Colombo R: 677 Colombo S: 1653 Colosio C: 678 Colotti G: 2498 Colucci A: 84 173 Coluccia M: 679 Columbano A: 1407 2530 Coluzzi M: 953 Colvile RN: 680 Comba P: 2374 Comegna V: 2189 Comi G: 2104 Comi R: 1428 Comin A: 681 Comoli P: 1520 1522 Comparini A: 682 Concheri G: 1726 1739 1916 Conel JE: 551 Conese C: 683 Congeduti F: 16 1219 1221 2525 Congiu L: 129 1936 Coni P: 1407 Consalter A: 867 Consiglio M: 2268 158 Console R: 684 Consonni D: 1890 Contardi T: 559 Conte C: 848 Conte LS: 2248 2249 2250 Conte M: 1367 Contesini M: 462 Conti A: 685 Conti E: 709 Contin M: 686 1417 Contini E: 541 Contini S: 61 1365 Contu A: 128 2216 2217 Converti A: 687 688 689 2132 2133 Cooke WF: 1338 Cools E: 275 Copello S: 2297 Coppa T: 2380 Coppi A: 987 Coppola E: 436 437 1327 Coppola R: 2172 Coradossi N: 85 86 Corain B: 2548 Coratza G: 2426 Corazza E: 690 691 Cordatore M: 1246 Cordelli A: 2112 Cordelli E: 2296 Cordioli G: 1164 Core R: 2457 Coretti W: 471 Cornelis R: 692 Corradi MG: 693 694 695 696 1230 Corradini C: 697 698 2278 Corrado V: 124 Corrao G: 2374 Corriga AM: 129 Corsini A: 1453 Corsolini S: 699 700 1018 Cortes A: 701 1858 Cortese A: 2337 Cortesi P: 850 851 2443 Cortesi U: 539 Corti A: 702 Corti M: 703 Cortiello M: 48 957 Cortini M: 704 Cortona G: 2253 Cortopassi M: 180 Cosentino S: 705 Cosentino U: 1966 Cosimi C: 301 Cosma B: 479 706 1899 Cosma G: 1387 Cosmi C: 1489 1490 Cossa G: 2396 2397 Cossignani M: 645 647 707 Cossu R: 708 Costa F: 1114 1115 1116 1117 2568 Costa G: 709 Costa J: 2504 Costa LG: 905 1254 2341 Costa R: 710 2570 Costantini A: 1047 Costantini EAC: 1661 Costantini ML: 711 Costantini S: 712 1182 1202 1203 Costantino V: 947 Costanza R: 713 714 715 Costerlongman C: 716 Cotrufo MF: 717 Cotta Ramusino M: 277 Cottarelli V: 1891 Cotugno A: 2333 Court GS: 1012 Courtillot V: 1585 Couteaux M: 285 Cova D: 718 719 Cozzella ML: 18 Cozzi A: 443 Cozzi G: 80 Cozzi R: 720 721 Cozzolino S: 1638 Craswell ET: 722 1868 Crebelli R: 1794 Crecchio C: 1752 1967 2136 Credi R: 613 Crema R: 723 Cremisini C: 531 532 533 534 535 619 1426 1427 1628 Crepon M: 1412 Crescente MF: 1250 1251 Crescentini G: 420 1529 Crescentini L: 63 Crescenzi C: 724 Crescimanno FG: 536 Crescimanno G: 725 Cresti M: 1440 Cresti S: 2426 Crippa L: 726 Crippa PZL: 727 Crisafi E: 780 924 1375 Crisanto T: 112 2174 Crisciani F: 728 729 730 731 Criseo G: 2420 Cristalli A: 1871 Cristinzio G: 503 Croce F: 732 733 734 Croce G: 291 Croci L: 735 Cromack K: 371 Crosa G: 430 Crosatti C: 736 Crosetti D: 564 737 Crosta G: 738 739 Crosti M: 618 Crosti P: 740 741 Crowe TM: 2030 Cruciani G: 742 Crucilla U: 1785 Cucco M: 743 1508 1509 Culivicchi G: 11 Cuomo V: 744 745 746 Curatolo A: 747 Curini Galletti M: 662 Curini Galletti MC: 1576 Currado I: 2208 Curti G: 1851 Cuttica GC: 2543 Cuzzoni E: 257 Dabrio CJ: 2550 D’Adda F: 748 1639 2230 D’Addario E: 749 Daffonchio D: 68 Dagan G: 2167 D’Agaro E: 160 1383 Daglis IA: 1792 D’Agostini F: 783 784 D’Agostino A: 1807 D’Agostino G: 1210 1351 1352 1353 Dahl TA: 475 Dahlback A: 750 Dahlgren RA: 751 752 2417 Dahljensen D: 1274 Daiber R: 912 2316 Dalcala MR: 1607 2347 2562 Dalcin R: 753 Dalcontres IS: 869 D’Alessandro A: 754 Dall’Aglio M: 755 Dallai R: 522 Dallantonia L: 1334 INDICE Dallantonia P: 1334 Dallara G: 1511 1512 1513 1514 1515 1516 Dalla Vecchia F: 2036 Dalla Via J: 2443 Dallot S: 1939 Dalpra A: 94 Dal Torio A: 756 757 758 2045 2534 Dalu GA: 759 760 761 D’Amato FR: 762 D’Ambrosio F: 530 D’Ambrosio FR: 43 Damiani V: 1424 1425 Damiano C: 446 D’Amore MG: 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 763 2404 Dandria R: 109 D’Angeli F: 882 Dani FR: 599 764 Daniele D: 1930 Danielis R: 765 Danielopol DL: 766 Danin A: 493 Danovaro R: 232 767 768 921 922 923 924 Danson FM: 1335 Dantone S: 702 D’Antonio M: 1927 Dao PD: 2525 Daolio E: 2244 Da Ponte M: 1553 Darchino R: 322 Darco P: 769 Dardanoni L: 732 Daros I: 770 Daros L: 2015 Dasaro F: 495 Dastore PRP: 1811 Data PG: 1684 David C: 1757 2314 Davini P: 771 Davino R: 772 1372 Davis LS: 1012 Davis PM: 346 Davoli D: 1493 1495 Davoli E: 2385 Dazzini MV: 937 De Agazio M: 773 774 2041 Dean JM: 1609 De Angelis G: 2503 De Angelis P: 584 2429 De Angelis U: 775 Deanta RC: 285 De Bellis L: 1954 De Benedetto C: 36 776 De Beni G: 777 De Berardinis E: 778 De Bernardi R: 2350 De Biase M: 2487 De Biasi MG: 2455 De Cesare F: 773 1253 De Chabalier JB: 779 De Cristofaro A: 717 1179 De Domenico L: 780 De Eguileor M: 781 1392 2441 De Faveri D: 581 De Faveri DM: 687 2567 De Felice M: 482 1733 1734 De Felice P: 782 De Felip E: 1656 2411 De Feo V: 47 563 2236 De Ferrari M: 121 De Flora S: 203 475 783 784 2480 2481 De Franceschi G: 785 829 De Franco R: 55 Degan P: 343 352 Degara L: 36 776 Degetto S: 215 1147 2202 2399 De Giorgi A: 190 191 De Girolamo P: 786 1319 Degli Innocenti F: 1892 De Gobbis D: 787 De Grassi F: 788 De Grassi G: 789 2536 De Gregorio G: 1745 De Hoog GS: 2528 Deiana S: 790 791 1155 1535 Dejak C: 792 1846 2283 Dejean A: 1048 Dekreij C: 793 De la Beaujardière O: 2520 2521 De la Guardia M: 1877 De Lauretis M: 2463 De Laureto PP: 789 Delbino G: 1134 Del Borghi M: 688 689 Del Carmine P: 1445 Del Carratore R: 2114 Deldot M: 2508 De Leo G: 794 De Leo GA: 795 796 Delfino G: 304 797 798 Delfuria L: 794 795 Del Gallo M: 799 Del Giacomo N: 244 Del Guasta M: 750 800 801 2313 2314 2315 De Lillis M: 802 803 De Liso A: 301 902 966 968 Della Bella E: 1544 Della Croce C: 1692 Della Croce N: 767 Dell’Agnello M: 1151 1152 Dell’Agnola G: 1739 Dell’Amico C: 1114 Dellantone P: 398 Della Santina P: 612 804 805 806 2190 Della Torre A: 953 2028 Della Torre F: 807 Della Torre G: 808 Della Valle G: 1678 Della Vedova B: 1402 Dell’Orco S: 145 146 264 Dell’Uomo A: 809 Del Maschio S: 1666 Del Negro P: 132 Del Pezzo E: 27 Del Pino A: 810 Del Prato U: 201 Del Prete U: 62 Del Re AAM: 332 2388 2389 2390 2391 Delry S: 164 Delu M: 2334 De Luisi J: 997 Del Vecchio R: 2246 De Maio A: 1688 De Marchi C: 263 De Marchi G: 811 2273 De Marco A: 812 842 De Marco C: 462 De Marsily G: 1722 2310 De Martis AM: 813 De Martis B: 813 De Matteis R: 2566 De Matthaeis E: 2200 2207 Demaziere M: 1307 De Medici D: 735 De Mesquita BHB: 1361 Demetrio G: 1609 Demianov P: 814 Demin AK: 815 De Montalembert MR: ANALITICO DEGLI AUTORI 1721 De Munari E: 2117 De Natale G: 816 817 985 1941 Denes A: 1421 De Nicola M: 818 2180 De Nobili M: 135 686 1416 1418 1419 Denti P: 366 De Padova S: 1072 De Paolis A: 1275 De Paolis F: 455 De Pascale MP: 819 1226 De Pasquale F: 536 De Pasquale L: 820 De Pasquale R: 821 De Pellegrini R: 1651 De Petris M: 822 De Pietro R: 44 De Pippo T: 649 Depledge MH: 823 De Ranieri S: 183 188 De Robertis A: 1 824 De Rubeis V: 825 De Sabata G: 826 827 De Saeger E: 828 De Salvia R: 721 788 De Santis A: 829 830 831 832 1472 De Santis F: 833 834 2212 De Santo AV: 717 835 Deschamps A: 779 Deschoulepnikoff L: 1005 Deshler T: 17 836 837 1218 Desiato F: 838 839 Desideri D: 2356 Desideri PG: 840 Desiderio C: 841 De Simone C: 812 842 1917 Desmet G: 2450 De Stefani S: 1544 De Stefanis A: 843 De Stefano C: 814 824 844 De Stefano P: 1473 De Stefano R: 2046 Deswart HE: 849 Detti R: 549 Dettorre P: 1248 1691 Devillers J: 845 846 847 883 159 IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA De Vito Francesco G: 848 Devos S: 901 Devriend HJ: 849 Dezwaan A: 850 851 2466 Dhieres GC: 1412 Diana M: 1622 Diaz RD: 852 Diaz Burgos MA: 853 Diaz Diaz R: 1042 Diaz Sala C: 2058 Di Battista MS: 1621 Di Bona M: 854 Di Bonito R: 855 Di Carlo BS: 856 Di Carlo G: 1615 Dickins DW: 35 Dicorcia A: 724 857 858 Didelle H: 1412 Di Delupis GD: 859 1655 Di Delupis GLD: 2311 Di Domenico A: 291 860 1399 1656 2411 Didon Francesco G: 16 17 837 1221 Dieckmann G: 314 Dietrich WE: 2084 Di Fabio A: 861 1764 Di Fazio A: 862 Di Felice R: 2133 Di Gioia D: 949 950 Di Giorgio D: 18 Di Giovambattista R: 684 Di Giovanni F: 598 Di Girolamo P: 448 863 864 872 997 998 1062 1400 Di Giulio C: 1684 Di Giulio M: 865 Di Gregorio F: 866 Di Gregorio S: 1564 Di Guardo A: 198 459 867 993 2385 Di Leonardo R: 2044 Di Luzio M: 261 262 Dima F: 1615 Di Maggio T: 2426 Di Maio E: 2002 Di Marino R: 541 Dimitri P: 2353 Dimitriu P: 825 Di Modugno F: 810 Di Monte G: 2041 Dimopoulos G: 953 160 Di Muccio A: 476 1033 Di Muro P: 1481 Di Natale M: 95 Dinel H: 896 Dinelli BM: 868 Dini A: 869 Dini F: 870 Dinnel PA: 1802 Dintino P: 500 Dinucci A: 1254 Diociaiuti M: 1821 Diorio F: 2374 Di Palo V: 633 833 1596 1978 1979 Di Paolo A: 1867 Dipede C: 2473 Di Pierro S: 907 Dipinto AC: 237 552 2372 2373 D’Ippolito R: 2157 Di Prisco G: 772 1371 1372 1761 Di Russo C: 526 820 Disabatino A: 871 Di Sarra A: 448 863 872 1062 1400 1757 2035 Di Sciara GN: 1035 Di Sibio A: 163 Di Silvestro G: 611 Ditella ES: 1656 2411 Di Tonno AP: 873 Di Toro N: 273 Dittrich Hannen B: 560 Di Viggiano E: 2473 Divizia M: 735 874 875 Dlugi R: 912 Dobozi MS: 876 Dobran F: 877 878 879 1756 1830 Dobrowolny M: 880 881 Doering PH: 1797 Doetsch N: 1355 Doglioni C: 2059 Dogliotti E: 1033 Dohanyos M: 1121 1122 Dolara P: 28 1323 1445 Dolci F: 2267 Dolci M: 447 1647 1864 Dolzani L: 882 Domine D: 883 Donadio F: 541 Donaggio P: 471 Donati A: 315 884 885 Donati L: 886 Donato A: 498 Donato L: 1826 Donazzolo R: 466 2157 2258 Dondero F: 1798 Donelli G: 932 1820 Dongarra G: 887 888 D’Orazio D: 1900 Dore B: 889 Doretti L: 2320 2321 2322 Dostert P: 265 Dotta P: 1142 Doveri F: 890 D’Ovidio R: 891 Downing JA: 2405 Dragoni M: 892 Dramis F: 330 Drigo A: 249 250 Drioli E: 893 Drius F: 376 Drobner E: 2510 Drogaris G: 1365 Drolet B: 1258 Drossinos Y: 504 Duane MJ: 894 Dubois J: 2233 Duca P: 895 Duca PG: 41 Ducceschi L: 1411 Duccini M: 142 1086 Duchi V: 755 Dudek B: 87 Dueck TA: 1874 Duka B: 1472 D’Ulivo A: 184 188 Dumontet S: 896 897 1367 1843 Durante M: 898 1795 Dvorak JJ: 899 Dziewonski AM: 1680 1681 Eaglesham ARJ: 1318 Edel J: 900 901 1103 Edner H: 902 903 904 966 967 968 Ehleringer J: 308 Ehleringer JR: 2428 2430 Ehrich M: 905 Eichstadter G: 2316 Eifler W: 1082 Ekins P: 714 Elaoufir J: 1518 Elegir G: 906 Elia MR: 907 Elliott AJ: 1536 Elliott ML: 855 Elmi C: 354 Elnaby AMH: 1086 Elnaqa A: 908 909 910 Eltayeb IA: 911 1286 1287 1288 Eltrudis M: 1405 Elwood R: 35 Emanuele MC: 1932 Emery Y: 1005 Emiliani S: 2296 Enderle KH: 1075 Enders G: 912 Enne G: 1416 Ensminger D: 1722 Ensminger DA: 2310 Entekhabi D: 2096 Eramo B: 324 913 Ercolanelli R: 260 Ercolani GL: 914 Ercolini A: 303 674 Eriksson L: 2378 Erra F: 2067 Erroi A: 1801 Erseus C: 964 Escudero A: 285 Eshel I: 915 916 1601 Eskew DL: 722 Espen L: 2159 Esposito A: 1611 1802 2392 Esposito E: 1761 Esposito F: 60 744 745 Esposti PD: 370 Esteban G: 1492 Estrada M: 1306 Eusebi MP: 1468 Evangelisti F: 1307 Evangelisti M: 917 Evans JR: 615 Evans SP: 918 919 Eveleigh DE: 2529 Evidente A: 503 Fabbio G: 920 Fabbri D: 2215 Fabbri P: 799 Fabbri S: 1517 Fabiani L: 1427 Fabiano M: 232 548 767 768 921 922 923 924 Fabio U: 929 Fabris M: 1555 Faccenna C: 2162 Facchetti S: 190 191 894 1395 1397 1399 2364 Facchinelli A: 925 Facchini MC: 680 926 927 1075 1076 1077 1268 INDICE 2526 2527 Facchini U: 928 Facinelli B: 929 Fadeev GI: 815 Faggin M: 2399 Faggion O: 930 Fago A: 772 1372 Failla L: 2124 Failla M: 1422 Fain SR: 33 Falappi D: 931 Falavigna A: 393 394 483 Falchi G: 519 Falchi M: 932 1820 1821 Falchieri D: 933 Fallaci M: 673 Falleni A: 934 1255 1475 Falleri E: 935 Falsaperla S: 622 Fambrini M: 2003 Famiglietti V: 1197 1198 1720 Famiglini G: 514 Fanciulli PP: 522 1058 Fanelli G: 936 Fanelli R: 271 272 273 274 275 276 993 1113 1557 1558 1610 1745 2355 2385 Fanfani A: 937 Fano EA: 2090 Fantini M: 531 532 938 939 940 Fantuzzi G: 20 364 2508 Fara GM: 1724 Farag AI: 2381 Faraldi G: 2334 Farchi F: 1615 Faretra F: 873 Farinella P: 1474 2112 Farini A: 931 2158 2439 Farley R: 2525 Farmer VC: 941 Farneti A: 271 672 Fasano S: 1927 Fascio U: 2065 Fasola M: 496 942 943 944 945 2164 Fassina V: 946 Fatigoni C: 1670 Fattore E: 275 Fattorusso E: 24 25 644 947 Faustman EM: 1254 Fauth AC: 21 Fava F: 948 949 950 Fava G: 216 217 218 219 220 221 583 951 Favali P: 684 Favarato M: 2549 Favaron F: 952 Favero G: 481 Favia G: 953 Favilli F: 1024 1482 Favilli L: 1468 Favretto MR: 954 1822 1825 Fazzino SD: 1437 Fea E: 550 1191 Febo A: 49 50 955 956 957 958 959 Fedele A: 9 2451 Federici F: 960 Federici FM: 803 Federico R: 774 Fedi M: 1008 1009 Fedrizzi G: 545 Felici B: 1326 1327 Felici M: 1726 1737 Feliciani R: 1641 Felicini GP: 1881 Felicioli F: 1100 Felicioni S: 2413 Felleca D: 436 Fengel D: 1612 Fentress JC: 35 Feoli E: 252 566 1968 2325 2533 Ferdani E: 1892 Ferdenzi O: 1050 Ferdenzi P: 961 Ferguson GP: 962 Ferguson Bisson D: 963 Ferioli A: 1011 Fernandez MP: 375 Fernandez Figares I: 135 Ferraguti M: 964 1135 Ferraiolo G: 687 688 2131 2132 Ferrandi L: 2125 Ferrara E: 1138 1139 Ferrara L: 482 Ferrara R: 301 902 903 904 965 966 967 968 1595 Ferrari C: 969 970 2090 Ferrari CR: 2078 2247 Ferrari D: 357 Ferrari G: 1510 Ferrari GM: 971 972 973 1653 Ferrari I: 974 2470 Ferrari MT: 1410 2324 Ferraro A: 816 Ferraro S: 730 Ferraroli R: 11 Ferrero C: 550 Ferrero E: 42 83 2340 Ferrero EA: 975 1162 Ferretti G: 2087 Ferretti M: 442 443 976 2036 Ferretti O: 977 1424 1425 Ferretti R: 978 979 Ferri D: 1076 Ferri F: 291 860 980 1656 2411 Ferri GM: 124 Ferri T: 479 619 Ferriere R: 981 982 Ferrini G: 542 Ferro M: 1801 Ferro V: 495 983 984 Ferrucci F: 985 1302 2142 Ferulano F: 2566 Fett WF: 986 Fiandrini E: 1993 Fiaschi AI: 1629 Fichi C: 702 Field CB: 1111 2431 Fierlinger H: 1077 2526 Fierlinger Oberlinninger H: 926 927 Figliolia A: 1326 1327 Filauro G: 987 Filippelli M: 152 153 156 158 988 Filippone E: 530 Filippucci MG: 989 1759 Filisetti OB: 1729 Fimognari C: 1315 Finazziagro A: 1299 Fineschi F: 990 991 Fineschl S: 992 Finizio A: 993 Finotti E: 994 Finzi G: 355 464 995 996 Fiocchi G: 2125 Fiocco G: 63 104 448 863 872 997 998 1062 1400 1757 2035 Fioletti M: 1544 Fiordelisi A: 616 1679 Fiore L: 1839 Fiore M: 788 ANALITICO DEGLI AUTORI Fiore S: 999 Fiorentino A: 46 Fiorentino F: 1651 Fiorentino M: 1000 Fiorentino ML: 1164 Fioretto A: 835 Fiorio R: 1001 1002 2458 Fiorito G: 1003 Fischer RG: 1004 Fishbein EF: 2525 Fitzpatrick PJ: 1443 Flamini M: 1010 Flebus C: 1722 2310 Flehoc C: 2290 Flesia C: 1005 Flore C: 129 Flores LN: 194 469 1006 Flori P: 1315 Florindo F: 1007 Florio G: 1008 1009 Flospergher W: 79 Foà A: 1010 1332 Foa V: 1011 Focardi S: 177 457 699 700 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1034 1035 1039 1040 1041 1049 1344 1393 1429 1430 1431 1440 1709 1854 Foddai S: 2370 Fogliano V: 18 Foglizzo AM: 10 Foldenyi R: 1594 Foley JE: 1019 Folke C: 714 Fondaumani S: 787 2248 Fons J: 2474 Font J: 31 Fontana A: 134 1020 Fontana F: 1021 1227 1228 Fontana G: 719 Fontana M: 1022 Fontanella A: 802 Fonte A: 1660 Fonti S: 669 Forlani A: 775 Forlani G: 482 1023 1024 2233 Forlin L: 1443 Formichi P: 177 Formisano V: 655 Fornasari L: 1025 1026 Forner G: 2363 Forni A: 1027 1028 2153 161 IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA Forni C: 1029 Fortaner S: 1660 2151 Fortezza F: 1030 1031 1144 Forti D: 1150 Fortina L: 1032 Fortini P: 1033 Fortuna P: 299 300 Fortunati A: 1898 Fossato V: 1443 Fossato VU: 1742 1948 2004 2267 Fossi C: 1013 1431 Fossi MC: 823 1012 1016 1034 1035 1036 1037 1038 1039 1040 1041 1042 1393 1429 Foti C: 844 Foti E: 1043 1044 Fountain DM: 1008 1009 Fournier L: 87 Fracasso ME: 1045 Frache R: 706 Fraioli P: 2089 Framarin F: 1046 Francaviglia R: 1047 1696 Francescato E: 1048 Franchi A: 1573 Franchi E: 1049 Franchini I: 286 1050 1731 Franchini M: 1051 1052 Francia P: 1053 Francioso O: 1054 1235 Francis P: 1055 Franco D: 792 1846 2283 Franco F: 1404 Franco G: 1165 Franco L: 1056 1796 Franco P: 787 Francofonte S: 888 Franzoi P: 577 1057 Frascari F: 166 168 Fraschetti S: 387 Fraschini P: 222 223 Frassinetti S: 702 1869 Fratarcangeli S: 1674 Frati F: 522 1058 Frattegiani M: 920 1482 Frattini C: 151 Frattoni M: 634 636 Frediani D: 1946 Freeman TJ: 1722 Fregni E: 161 162 Fregoni M: 222 French MS: 159 Freni S: 569 1059 Fricke KH: 1757 Froidevaux L: 2045 Frova C: 1060 1061 Fua D: 448 863 872 997 998 1062 1400 2035 Fugazza M: 1063 1064 Fuglieni F: 2311 Fuhrer K: 1065 Fulgenzi A: 1656 Fulgenzi AR: 860 Fulgione W: 21 Fulle M: 1066 Fumagalli A: 1544 Fumagalli O: 422 423 Fumagalli P: 718 Funari E: 385 886 Funiciello R: 1602 2162 Funtowicz S: 1067 Funtowicz SO: 713 714 1068 1069 Fuoco R: 602 1070 Fusani L: 1071 Fusco G: 2030 2031 2163 Fusconi A: 298 299 300 1072 Fuselli S: 1718 1794 Fusi F: 2429 Fusi N: 1073 Fusi P: 377 378 379 380 381 456 1074 Fuzzi S: 680 926 927 1075 1076 1077 1078 1268 2526 2527 Fytianos K: 1079 Gab S: 912 Gabai G: 681 Gabbianelli G: 354 Gabbrielli R: 1080 Gabellini M: 1182 Gabric A: 1081 Gabric AJ: 1082 Gabriele M: 422 423 Gabriele S: 1083 Gabrieli R: 735 875 Gabrielides GP: 1084 2042 Gacic M: 119 Gaffuri G: 1634 Gaggi C: 140 141 142 457 852 1042 1085 1086 1573 2386 Gaggio G: 679 Gagliardi RV: 864 Gaidolfi L: 1516 Gaino E: 1087 1088 Galassi DP: 1891 Galassi S: 402 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 2002 2042 2476 2479 Galati EM: 821 Galdenzi S: 1095 Galeati G: 1096 Galeotti P: 21 1097 1330 Gall G: 199 Gallagher EJ: 1198 Gallardo A: 285 Gallardo Lancho FJ: 575 Gallart F: 1832 2054 2281 Gallelli G: 1098 Galleni L: 497 Gallerani R: 36 776 Gallerano F: 1099 Galleschi L: 1100 Galletti GC: 473 Galletti M: 620 Galli A: 2114 Galli E: 2371 Galli MG: 393 394 Gallinaro N: 1955 Gallini L: 925 Gallo D: 1101 Gallorini M: 1102 1103 1929 2151 Gambacorta A: 1761 Gambardella C: 818 Gambassi F: 141 Gambi MC: 1104 Gambini G: 1105 Gambini M: 1106 1107 Gambolati G: 1096 1108 1109 1110 Gamon JA: 1111 2431 Gandini L: 1798 Gandolfi G: 1476 Gandolfo C: 1112 Gandolfo G: 2396 2397 Ganetzky B: 2353 Garattini S: 1113 Garbarino JA: 861 1764 Garcia C: 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 Garcia L: 1082 Garcia MR: 2370 Garcia SM: 1119 Garcia Hernandez JE: 1042 Garcia La Fuente J: 31 Gardenghi G: 467 Gardini F: 1120 Gardner JE: 1378 Gargano D: 121 Garibaldi L: 564 Gariboldi A: 587 Garlanda MM: 2483 Garlanda P: 1022 Garofalo E: 1091 Garofani S: 276 Garrigues P: 883 Garte SJ: 1387 Garuti G: 1121 1122 Garzaroli C: 2545 Gasparetti G: 1883 Gasparini GP: 31 118 126 127 Gasparini P: 401 1123 Gasperini L: 351 Gasperini P: 1124 1210 1705 1706 1707 2143 Gasperini R: 1045 Gastaldo P: 1997 1998 Gatti A: 1659 1660 2097 Gatti LG: 2090 Gatti M: 1125 Gatto A: 217 218 Gatto M: 794 796 981 982 1126 1127 1128 1129 1130 2277 2476 Gatto MR: 2508 Gaudino F: 320 Gaudio L: 1638 Gaudioso D: 1131 Gavagnin M: 134 1132 Gavasci R: 324 913 Gavilan JF: 1041 Gazzi M: 1133 Gehrmann C: 1368 Geiss F: 1134 Gelder SR: 1135 2441 Gellera A: 570 Gellini R: 442 2188 Gelman ME: 2525 Gelsomino A: 145 1737 2008 Gemelli S: 372 Gemma S: 1136 2357 Genevini PL: 727 Gennari M: 70 517 1137 1751 1752 1753 Gennaro MC: 1138 1139 1140 1141 1897 1898 1900 1903 1904 2451 Genon G: 1142 2179 2195 Gentile FP: 810 INDICE Gentili A: 1143 Georgiadis T: 1030 1031 1144 1145 Georgii HW: 2527 Gera F: 1722 Gerace L: 2407 Geraci S: 936 Gerbasi R: 215 2202 Gerbino C: 1098 Gerdol R: 1146 1147 1148 1149 Gerecke R: 44 871 Gerevini A: 1150 Geri G: 1151 1152 1153 Germani R: 1816 Germano MP: 821 Germi FP: 544 Germirli F: 373 1154 Gerola FM: 454 Gerthoux PM: 1667 Gervasi M: 822 Gervasi PG: 2357 Gervasi R: 2380 Gessa C: 790 791 1155 1238 1442 1535 2005 2006 2007 2008 Ghebbioni C: 2388 Gheduzzi A: 884 Ghelli A: 107 Gherardi F: 1156 1157 1158 1159 1160 Gherardi M: 958 Ghermandi G: 2568 Ghetti A: 2078 2247 Ghetti PF: 1815 Ghezzi L: 2252 Ghezzi LL: 1128 Ghia PL: 21 Ghiara E: 349 Ghiggeri GM: 286 Ghigli E: 589 Ghigliazza R: 2133 Ghilardi P: 1161 Ghioni C: 245 Ghirardelli E: 1162 Ghirardini AV: 1163 1815 Ghisi R: 976 2036 Ghittori S: 1164 1165 1324 Giacche L: 707 Giacoma C: 1166 1342 Giacomelli A: 1167 Giacomelli GM: 1993 Giacomelli L: 1448 Giacomelli R: 2298 2299 Giacomin A: 1168 Giaconi V: 2458 Giacosa D: 148 1140 1141 Gialanella G: 898 Gialanella PR: 1169 Giambelluca A: 2245 Giammanco G: 1932 Giampaoli S: 1615 Giampietro M: 19 1170 1171 1172 1173 1937 Giancarlo N: 1818 Gianelle V: 90 173 Gianetto A: 2135 Gianfreda L: 1174 1175 1176 1177 1178 1179 1180 1181 2494 2496 Gianguzza A: 1 814 824 844 Giani M: 1182 1202 Gianinazzi S: 299 300 Gianinazzi Pearson V: 299 300 Giannini R: 1183 Giannoni L: 2040 Gianturco F: 190 191 Giardina P: 1184 Giardini D: 1185 1186 1187 1483 1484 Giardino A: 363 Giaroli C: 961 1050 Giavelli G: 334 335 2121 Gibson RL: 1188 Giere O: 964 Gigliotti C: 2439 Gigliotti G: 1212 1213 1214 1215 Gilchrist B: 1348 Gilioli R: 474 559 1189 Gilli G: 361 550 1190 1191 1192 1193 1194 Gilsotres F: 1195 1413 Gino LA: 1818 Gioacchini P: 1253 1588 Gioia F: 1196 1197 1198 1199 1200 1720 Giolitti A: 885 Giomo A: 2312 Giordani C: 257 Giordano G: 983 Giordano N: 37 569 815 1059 1201 1844 1999 2044 2309 Giordano R: 712 1182 1202 1203 Giorgi F: 978 1204 1567 2461 Giorgi G: 573 1629 Giorgis A: 1382 Giostra U: 2340 Giovanardi O: 2286 Giovanelli G: 1030 1031 1144 1307 Giovanetti E: 929 Giovani C: 1205 1770 Giovannetti M: 299 300 2437 Giovannini G: 1206 Giovannini I: 597 Giovinazzo R: 1426 Girardi F: 2019 Giraud C: 42 1448 Giromini L: 164 Gironi F: 92 Giudici M: 1207 Giuffra SE: 2370 Giugliano M: 597 Giuli B: 1615 Giuliani A: 278 282 283 Giuliano G: 1208 Giuliano M: 62 Giuliano W: 1209 Giulivo C: 1955 Giunchi C: 1210 2143 Giuntini C: 203 Giupponi C: 1211 Giusquiani PL: 1212 1213 1214 1215 Giutini G: 2473 Glassmeier KH: 1216 Gleizon P: 1412 Gnagnetti M: 84 173 Gnavi E: 1072 Gnemi P: 1353 Gnesivo C: 874 Gobbi G: 1217 2546 2547 Gobbi GP: 16 17 836 837 1218 1219 1220 1221 1222 2525 Gobbo S: 2549 Gobron N: 1732 Godano C: 1223 1224 Godbold DL: 101 Godin S: 1005 1757 2313 2314 Goetz L: 2571 Goffart A: 1225 Golden RL: 819 1226 Goldfarb P: 1443 Goldman A: 1307 Goldoni D: 1227 1228 ANALITICO DEGLI AUTORI Golik A: 1084 Gomarasca MA: 2559 2560 Gonick HC: 1357 Gonzalez MC: 1229 Gonzalez Sangregorio MV: 1413 Gorbi G: 694 695 696 1230 1492 1495 2191 Gorecki J: 1231 Gorgun E: 1154 Gori E: 493 494 Gori P: 1080 Gori R: 231 Gosso E: 1093 Goswami BN: 1366 Gottardi G: 1232 1233 1234 Goulas Y: 356 2222 Goutail F: 1307 Govi M: 632 1235 1236 1237 1238 Gow HBF: 2037 Goy JL: 2550 Goyal AK: 2529 Gozzo S: 1239 1240 Grace J: 297 1614 Gragnani R: 519 1241 Graham NE: 1642 Gramenzi F: 1352 Gramiccioni L: 1641 Grandi FZ: 1242 2326 2327 Grandi G: 1243 1244 1245 Graneli E: 540 Grappadelli LC: 1264 Grappelli A: 1246 Grapputo A: 1766 Grassi C: 65 Grasso DA: 1247 1248 1689 1691 Grasso M: 467 Gratani L: 1249 1250 1251 Grazia B: 1930 Graziani G: 2018 2019 Graziani MS: 2105 Grechi D: 1323 Greco S: 2422 Green LM: 1361 Gregersen S: 1252 Grego S: 145 146 147 773 774 1253 Gregori GP: 785 Gregotti C: 1254 163 IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA Gremigni G: 1143 Gremigni V: 934 1255 1475 Gresta S: 1256 Gretz J: 1257 1258 Griepink B: 2012 2013 2419 Griffa A: 2538 Griffin MJ: 539 Grigolo A: 2160 Grilli S: 1259 1260 1879 2345 Grima EM: 1671 Grimani C: 819 1226 Grime GW: 595 Grippa G: 2018 Grosa MM: 1744 Grossi GF: 898 Grossi M: 1261 Grossoni P: 444 445 Grottoli R: 1321 Gruppioni R: 1262 Guadagno FM: 1263 Guaita C: 69 Gualdi R: 84 Gualtieri A: 120 Gualtieri M: 1152 1153 Guarcini R: 3 Guarino SM: 818 Guariso G: 795 996 Guarna S: 679 Gucci PMB: 1727 2513 Gucci R: 1264 Gudmundsson GA: 1265 Guerra D: 573 574 Guerra G: 1266 Guerra MC: 313 Guerriero R: 1267 Guerrini A: 755 759 Guerrini E: 1190 1192 1193 Guerzoni ME: 1120 Guerzoni S: 1268 1664 Gugliandolo C: 1269 Guglielminetti M: 1270 Guida M: 1611 1802 Guidi F: 466 Guidi GV: 1942 Guidi L: 1459 Guidi M: 622 Guidobaldi F: 1271 Guidoni U: 881 Guilizzoni P: 1272 1381 1382 Guinez R: 1848 164 Gulli F: 1273 Gulli M: 1261 Gumiero B: 545 Gundestrup NS: 1274 Gunther H: 1441 Gurgiolo C: 655 Gurrieri S: 144 Gustavino B: 2090 Guwy A: 1290 Guwy AJ: 1291 1292 Guzzella L: 1090 1094 1275 1276 1746 Guzzetti F: 549 1277 Guzzo F: 151 Haastrup P: 419 1278 Haferman J: 2091 Halfon E: 1279 Hallberg A: 680 926 1077 Halliday T: 1166 Hamdy A: 1280 1346 1347 2449 Hameiri E: 1281 Hamilton EI: 1282 Hammerschlag FA: 1623 Hamza W: 1283 Hanel C: 709 Hanna JV: 54 Hansen AR: 1284 Hansen B: 2097 Hansen BG: 2152 Hansson BS: 2381 Hansson HC: 680 Harcharik DA: 1285 Harder J: 1307 Hardy RWF: 1318 Hargrave BT: 1722 Hari P: 297 Harman GE: 2219 Harren F: 1905 Harris J: 714 Hartings H: 2028 Hassan MHA: 911 1286 1287 1288 Hatzfeld D: 779 Hau DP: 417 Hauchecorne A: 2525 Hauffe HC: 1289 Hausmann M: 2221 Hawkes DL: 1290 1291 Hawkes FR: 1290 1291 1292 Hawks DL: 1292 Hayes CK: 2219 Hayes M: 388 Haziza M: 912 He J: 163 164 Healy B: 2129 Hebel A: 2284 Hecq JH: 1225 Heere P: 2212 Heglund NC: 1293 Heikanen H: 1777 Heilman PE: 608 Heimler D: 1294 Heinicke J: 1295 Heino P: 1296 Helas G: 912 Heller F: 1169 Hendricks DW: 734 Herbaut C: 1412 Herber RFM: 41 Herman RL: 2450 Hernandez JEG: 1863 Hernandez T: 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 Herrero CT: 110 Herrmann U: 912 Hershenhorn J: 1297 Herve F: 1369 2066 Hickerson J: 1722 Hickman GC: 989 Hidaka H: 1298 Hietanen E: 203 Hilbers MP: 1299 Hilton J: 1300 1301 Hinckley TM: 608 Hiraizumi Y: 2353 Hirn A: 985 1302 Hjorth J: 624 1339 1340 1775 1778 1779 2169 2275 2276 2446 2522 Hoepffner N: 1303 1304 1305 1306 Hofmann D: 1307 Hofmann DJ: 836 837 1218 Hollo L: 2463 Holm T: 30 Holt S: 1308 1309 1310 1311 1312 Holt SJ: 1313 1314 Holtzclaw KM: 2237 Homme E: 1606 Hooisma J: 87 Hooker JE: 299 300 Hopkins TS: 1878 Hortnagl J: 87 Hrelia P: 499 500 1315 1317 Hruska K: 1316 Hsie AW: 1317 Hsieh KC: 1792 Huang PM: 2493 2495 Huber R: 2510 Huddleston DE: 655 Huertas F: 999 Huertas FJ: 999 Huey RB: 574 Hughes RN: 612 Hungria M: 1318 Hurdle D: 1319 Hureau JC: 1685 1952 Hursthouse AS: 925 Hutchinson B: 1722 Hutchinson BL: 2310 Iaccarino M: 1355 1802 2392 Iaccarino S: 1585 Iacovella N: 291 860 1399 1656 2411 Iannaccone G: 2566 Iannamico V: 530 Iannelli MA: 1320 Iannini G: 2125 Iannotta V: 1932 Ianora A: 856 1321 1322 1373 1662 1982 1983 Iaquinto J: 1732 Ibanez JM: 27 Ielo I: 815 Iemma A: 1266 Ierley GR: 605 607 Iess L: 306 Iezzi M: 1684 Ignesti G: 1323 Ijjasz Vasquez E: 2076 2083 2093 2094 Imaccarana G: 1699 Imbriani M: 559 1164 1165 1324 Imbrogno P: 1325 1699 Immordino F: 977 Improta S: 2550 Incoronato A: 1169 Indiati R: 1326 1327 1328 2265 Indulti M: 2363 Inglese P: 1329 Inglis DWF: 680 Inglisa M: 1330 Ingrao G: 611 Innamorati M: 1331 Innocenti A: 1010 1332 1559 Innocenti G: 512 2453 Innocenti L: 1333 INDICE Innocenti ND: 479 480 648 Insola A: 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 2404 Intropido L: 905 Ioale P: 1334 Ioannilli E: 2390 Ioriatti C: 1150 Iorio B: 244 Iovino F: 2288 Iovino M: 725 983 Isani G: 850 Isebrands JG: 608 Ishay JS: 2415 Isnard P: 845 Isopi R: 1482 Ito N: 2530 Ito T: 751 Iucci N: 226 Ius A: 2092 Izza C: 1326 1327 Izzo R: 1749 Izzotti A: 783 784 Jackson BD: 1349 Jackson TJ: 1438 Jacobson AR: 1735 1736 Jacopone S: 1557 Jacquemoud S: 174 1335 Jaeschke W: 926 927 1075 2527 Jaggard K: 1335 Jakoubek R: 1307 Jamet JL: 2039 Jannelli E: 638 Janssen PAEM: 1441 Jardin EAD: 855 Jeancaurant F: 2218 Jeffries TW: 906 Jelgersma S: 1336 Jenkins D: 1337 Jennings SG: 1338 Jensen NR: 1339 1340 2275 2446 2447 Jirillo R: 1728 Jockers K: 655 Jodice R: 2268 Joergensen TS: 872 Johannsen H: 2221 Johansson B: 2027 John PCL: 618 Johnsen SJ: 1274 Johnson BJ: 17 837 Johnson DE: 1341 Johnson GR: 1861 Johnson JM: 625 Johnston P: 1307 Johnstone AD: 655 Joly P: 1342 Jones AV: 504 2515 Jonsson J: 2378 Jorgensen TS: 1400 Josa R: 2281 Jouzel J: 2289 2290 Jover L: 2181 Julien R: 2296 Junghans HG: 2221 Kaba N: 325 Kachroo RK: 1343 Kai AK: 1161 Kaiser L: 35 Kalina M: 927 1077 Kallos G: 759 Kamide Y: 23 Kaminski U: 1075 2526 Kane P: 2310 Kannan K: 699 700 1344 Kapila S: 1394 2364 Karam F: 1347 Karcher W: 845 846 847 883 1279 Karpf A: 2310 Karrer D: 192 1345 Katerji N: 1346 1347 1598 2449 Katz I: 1348 Kauppinen T: 1361 Kavvas ML: 412 413 Keckhut P: 2525 Keegans SJ: 1349 Keheyan Y: 1350 1872 Keifer M: 87 Keil B: 671 Keith JO: 1710 Keizer J: 886 1101 1351 1352 1353 Kelly TJ: 754 Kem W: 1793 Kempa ES: 2301 Kenkel NC: 1354 Kennedy C: 1355 Kepezhinskas P: 350 Kerguelen V: 35 Kerkhoff B: 1299 Kerr J: 1307 Kessel M: 912 926 1075 1077 Kesselmeier J: 912 Khalil IA: 1356 Khalilmanesh F: 1357 Kilburn CRJ: 1358 Kimbell BL: 819 Kimes DS: 1732 Kirjavainen S: 821 Kissel C: 1602 Kitching RL: 207 Kjome NT: 1400 Kleffmann J: 240 Klein L: 1359 1360 Klein LW: 229 Klett RD: 2310 Kluyskens D: 1258 Knudsen B: 872 1400 Knudsen BM: 1757 Koch U: 1295 Kogevinas M: 1361 Kohl M: 1081 Kojic M: 1362 Kolenda J: 801 2315 Komaromy E: 1422 Konoplev AV: 1772 Korach KS: 1636 Korf W: 1257 Korner C: 1363 Korol A: 1759 Kos GPA: 2527 Kottegoda NT: 137 138 139 1364 Kotzias D: 912 1377 1439 2316 2448 Kourneta P: 1365 Kourtidis K: 912 Kovacevic V: 119 Kovalev BG: 2381 Kratz W: 285 Krimbas CB: 1617 Krishnamurthy V: 1366 Krishnan K: 2364 Krizek DT: 1986 Kroehl HW: 23 Krovacek K: 1367 1843 Kruisz C: 926 927 1075 1077 2526 2527 Krumbein WE: 1368 2528 Krutovskikh V: 2530 Krynauw JR: 1369 2066 Kubicek CP: 2219 Kubik P: 560 Kucera J: 1370 Kudo A: 2216 2217 Kuiper PJC: 1874 Kummerow C: 2091 Kunzmann A: 772 1371 1372 Kuosa H: 314 Kurentsova N: 350 Kurtenbach R: 240 Kurth HH: 912 ANALITICO DEGLI AUTORI Kuzmic M: 2323 Kuznetsov Y: 890 Kyriacou CP: 710 Kyro E: 750 801 Laabir M: 1373 1983 La Barbera P: 1374 2126 Lacava P: 2241 Lado P: 677 1851 La Ferla R: 924 1375 Laffort B: 2416 La Forgia D: 1376 Lagana M: 2044 Lagatolla C: 882 La Gioia A: 201 Lahaniatis ES: 1377 Lait LR: 2045 Laitano RF: 782 Laj P: 1378 Lama L: 1761 Lamantia T: 1329 Lamberti A: 1379 Lamberti F: 1446 Lamberti P: 1052 Lambin EF: 1380 1605 Lamesa M: 2421 2422 2423 2424 Lami A: 1272 1381 1382 1549 Lampert JE: 391 Lampugnani L: 184 Lanari D: 160 1383 2359 2360 Lancia A: 1384 Landi L: 147 1385 1386 Landi MT: 1387 1890 Landone A: 570 Lanfranchi A: 1388 Langone L: 1664 Lanti M: 1615 Lanza B: 628 Lanza R: 1389 1390 Lanzani G: 1391 Lanzarini G: 2255 Lanzavecchia G: 781 1392 2441 Lanzerotti LJ: 2487 Laplaca M: 2173 Lari L: 1012 1013 1014 1016 1034 1036 1039 1040 1042 1393 1429 Lario J: 2550 La Rocca C: 291 860 1656 1794 La Rosa A: 780 La Rosa G: 1725 Larsen B: 383 390 701 165 IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA 1394 1395 1396 1397 1398 1858 Larsen BR: 1399 1857 2027 Larsen N: 750 872 1400 Larsson AM: 314 Lasagni M: 671 742 1401 1966 Lascaratos A: 1773 Laspada G: 2168 Lastrucci L: 121 Latorre V: 574 Latrofa A: 431 Latteux B: 849 Laudani U: 2160 Laurence P: 1281 Law DV: 391 Lawver LA: 1402 Lazarus AJ: 2532 Lazarus J: 35 Lazarus LH: 1403 Lazorchak J: 2481 Lazzaretto I: 1404 1435 1436 Lazzari R: 591 Lazzaro G: 1405 Lazzarotto A: 2433 2434 2435 Lebbolo E: 1410 Lebboroni M: 1406 Lebowitz MD: 2473 Lebras G: 2522 Lebreton JP: 881 Lecomte C: 2515 Ledda Columbano GM: 1407 Lee JT: 760 Lefebvre M: 1577 Lefebvre MG: 1579 Lefftz M: 1408 Legator MS: 1409 Leghiossa P: 1699 Leghissa P: 1410 1639 1700 2324 Legittimo PC: 1411 Legnani R: 1366 2387 Legros H: 1408 Lehucher PM: 1412 Leiros MC: 1195 1413 Leis M: 1414 1415 Leita L: 1416 1417 1418 1419 Lemaire P: 1443 Lemairegony S: 2004 Lemasurier WE: 1369 2066 166 Lembrechts JF: 1772 Lemoli F: 1247 1248 1689 1690 1691 Lena F: 2035 Lenaz R: 1268 Lencioni L: 2032 Lenners D: 2457 Lens P: 1420 Lenzi A: 1798 Leonard DRP: 1300 Leonardi RM: 2214 Leonardi S: 368 1421 1422 Leone A: 1423 2220 Leonelli G: 1973 Leoni C: 564 Leoni L: 1424 1425 Leoni V: 1426 1427 1428 Leonzio C: 1012 1013 1016 1034 1035 1036 1037 1039 1040 1041 1393 1429 1430 1431 Lepore AR: 2374 Lepping RP: 226 567 Lepri G: 539 Lepri L: 840 Lerda D: 1266 Leslie WG: 1643 1644 Leto G: 2319 Leurini D: 1105 Leva AR: 2159 Levesque PEN: 896 Levi M: 617 Levi Minzi R: 1432 1433 2070 2071 2199 Levis AG: 1853 2140 2570 Liang YX: 87 Liberatori A: 1138 1139 1897 1898 1900 1903 1904 2451 Liberti L: 541 1434 Libertini A: 1435 1436 Librando V: 1437 Lichtenthaler HK: 2222 Lidonni V: 231 Ligi M: 351 Lilla E: 841 843 1763 1871 1872 Lilliendahl K: 1265 Limoni N: 2373 Lin DS: 1438 Linares J: 999 Lind JA: 927 1075 Lindholm C: 1777 Lindrea K: 554 Lingner B: 1439 Linskens HF: 1440 Lionello P: 568 1441 Lisi S: 2420 Littorin M: 1361 Liu W: 2006 Liu WP: 1442 2007 Livens FR: 1300 Livi S: 1792 Livingstone DR: 1443 Llabresluengo P: 1704 Loarer R: 2098 Locatelli AL: 550 Locatelli F: 257 1572 Locati M: 1470 Lodi L: 1166 Lodolo E: 1444 Lodovici M: 28 1323 1445 Loffredo E: 1446 Lofstedt C: 2381 Loga M: 1127 Loglio G: 648 Lohse C: 1339 1340 2275 Loi N: 613 Loizides L: 1084 Loizzo A: 128 Lolini M: 291 Lombardi AT: 1447 Lombardi LT: 309 Long RB: 287 Longhetto A: 42 1448 Longinelli A: 2317 Longo A: 1449 Longo C: 393 Longo G: 238 Longo OA: 2411 Longo S: 1450 Lonsjo H: 1772 Lopes RMC: 1358 Lopez A: 1451 1452 1593 Lopez Z: 1594 Lo Porto A: 1489 1608 Loppi S: 1453 Loprieno G: 1454 Loprieno N: 1454 Lorbach SC: 1455 Lore F: 1467 Lorenti M: 1104 Lorenzi MC: 235 1456 1457 1458 Lorenzini G: 1459 1460 1461 1462 1463 1464 2213 Lorenzini R: 2030 2031 2163 Lorenzo LF: 2174 Lorenzo R: 1930 Lorito M: 2219 Lorrain R: 2289 2290 Lo Scalzo R: 1465 2210 Lo Schiavo F: 151 Lotfi M: 1466 Lotito V: 1467 1657 Louis C: 953 Lovari S: 1468 1469 1470 1847 Lovejoy S: 2170 Lowe DM: 1471 Lowe WJ: 1633 Lowes FJ: 1472 Lozej A: 2289 Lualdi G: 273 Lubello C: 1989 1990 2254 Lubrano L: 1903 1904 1908 Lubrano V: 163 Lucadamo L: 2380 Lucarelli F: 1473 Lucchese F: 1933 Lucchesi D: 1474 Lucchesi P: 934 1475 2187 Lucia P: 1323 Lucialli P: 1144 Lucier GW: 1387 Lucivero G: 2501 Luckett R: 1758 Lugaresi C: 476 Lugli M: 1476 1477 Luhr H: 2463 Luiselli L: 521 1478 1479 1480 Lumare F: 1481 Lumini E: 1482 Lummerzheim D: 2520 2521 Lundgren P: 1187 1483 1484 Luomahaara S: 1777 Lupattelli P: 449 Lupi P: 1151 1153 Lupo C: 1166 Luporini P: 2427 Lupotto E: 257 1572 2028 Lurquin PF: 530 Luther DS: 1980 Luti F: 4 5 Luzzana G: 1699 INDICE Lynge E: 1361 Lyoncaen H: 779 Lyons R: 1257 Lyttle TW: 2353 Maccagnani R: 1057 Maccari G: 1485 Maccarini L: 2097 Maccarrone M: 1486 Macchi G: 1487 1488 1542 Macchi T: 2413 Macchiato MF: 1489 1490 Macedonio G: 877 Maci R: 513 Maciejewski A: 1055 Mackay D: 867 1850 Macri A: 859 Macri F: 400 2553 Maczuga S: 933 Madbouly MD: 724 Maddau V: 1535 Maddonni MF: 2172 Madeira M: 285 Madoni P: 1491 1492 1493 1494 1495 1496 1497 Maestri E: 393 2349 Maestri L: 1164 Maffei F: 500 1315 Maffei M: 1498 1499 1500 1501 1502 1503 Magagni A: 1504 Magazzu G: 780 Maggi L: 2324 Maggi V: 1065 2290 Maggio A: 109 Maggio G: 37 815 2309 Maggion S: 1732 Maggioni A: 1417 1943 2455 Maggiore M: 1505 Maggitti MC: 1816 Magi E: 922 Magliulo V: 109 Magnani A: 136 Magnani C: 2374 Magnani G: 202 Magnanini E: 2073 Magno S: 644 947 Magri D: 2412 Mahrous SE: 1346 Maialetti F: 561 Mainardi D: 2440 Mainardi M: 2440 Maini S: 2381 Maione M: 420 421 Maixner M: 613 Majer EL: 2106 Majone M: 238 239 478 553 554 1506 2342 Malacarne D: 1507 1834 1835 2101 2345 Malacarne G: 743 1508 1509 Malagoli M: 1510 1790 Malanca A: 1511 1512 1513 1514 1515 1516 1517 Malanotte Rizzoli P: 287 Malara F: 525 1518 Malaspina F: 374 Malato S: 1648 Malej A: 787 Malerba M: 740 741 Malesani F: 2105 Malkonen E: 285 Malorgio F: 1909 Malvolti ME: 992 Malyshev LI: 1771 Manca M: 1283 1519 1520 1521 1522 Mancinelli G: 2469 Mancini E: 1523 1524 Mancini IM: 331 Mancini M: 1167 1438 2394 Mancioppi S: 1466 Manconi R: 1525 2000 Mandell M: 1348 Mandich A: 1894 Mandrioli P: 1994 Manes F: 48 125 1526 Manetti MC: 920 Manfredi M: 2256 Manfredi VR: 1527 Manfredini T: 1528 Manfrin P: 69 Mangani F: 420 421 1529 Mangiapan S: 276 Mangiavacchi C: 376 Mangini S: 1098 Mangoni A: 947 Manino A: 1530 1531 Mannocchi G: 21 Mannone P: 1860 Mantelli M: 1024 Mantovan P: 1532 Mantovani A: 2311 Mantovani B: 1533 1534 2365 Manunza B: 790 1535 Manzella GMR: 1536 2297 Manzo L: 1254 1659 2341 Manzo M: 1449 Manzo S: 518 Manzocchi L: 150 Mao WJ: 1537 Mapp C: 1538 Marabini L: 1539 Maracci A: 587 Maracci G: 2556 Maraga F: 1236 Maran S: 640 1540 Maranelli G: 96 2105 Maranesi M: 500 Marangoni B: 2335 Marani A: 1541 2082 2083 2093 2094 Marani D: 1542 Marani M: 1543 2095 Marano I: 409 Marasco R: 482 Marcanato A: 2518 Marcazzan Braga GM: 91 595 928 1544 Marcellini A: 1545 Marchese F: 1142 Marchesi E: 1826 Marchesini A: 1647 Marchesini C: 987 Marchesini M: 1560 Marchetti L: 948 949 950 Marchetti M: 790 791 857 1546 Marchetti P: 882 Marchetti R: 430 1907 Marchettini N: 885 Marchetto A: 1272 1382 1547 1548 1549 1550 1701 Marchini S: 1551 Marchiol L: 1419 Marchionni M: 91 Marchisio C: 1552 Marciano P: 952 Marcomini A: 106 858 1553 1554 2257 2259 2260 2261 2263 2264 Marconato A: 1555 Marconi PF: 202 Marcucci I: 1320 Marcz F: 2463 Margani I: 125 Margaritora FG: 974 ANALITICO DEGLI AUTORI Margheri MC: 1556 Mariani F: 1216 Mariani G: 271 272 274 1113 1557 1558 Mariani M: 490 Mariani P: 151 Mariano A: 1559 Marin A: 1132 Marin G: 328 418 1560 2572 Marin M: 415 Marin MG: 414 1561 1562 1563 Marinelli F: 1564 Marini G: 1565 Marini L: 622 Marini R: 1423 Marino AM: 1932 Marino D: 2562 Marino G: 639 Marino MG: 1084 Marino O: 1566 Marinucci MR: 1204 1567 2461 Mariotti S: 1615 Mariottini GL: 538 Marletto F: 1531 Marmiroli N: 2028 2349 Marmonier P: 766 Marocchi A: 1667 Marocco R: 354 Maroli L: 1568 Maroni M: 678 1569 Marotta AM: 1570 Marra M: 18 Marraccini P: 1165 Marrazzini A: 163 Marre E: 657 Marri L: 1571 Marsan PA: 1572 Marschall H: 1216 Marsella R: 994 Marsiglia F: 1761 Marsili L: 1012 1013 1014 1035 1039 1040 1430 1573 Marsili Libelli S: 1574 1575 Marsilio V: 628 Martel F: 1412 Martellini F: 231 Martens PM: 1576 Martignon G: 793 Martin P: 432 1577 1578 Martin PH: 1579 Martin Y: 2098 167 IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA Martinelli G: 29 1295 1580 Martinelli M: 1581 Martines C: 1266 Martinez AT: 473 Martinez E: 1020 Martinez V: 623 Martini A: 1151 1582 Martini F: 533 1428 Martini M: 1411 Martinotti W: 12 640 1540 1906 1907 Martinozzi M: 563 Martirani L: 1184 Marton E: 1583 Maruca M: 2361 Marucchini C: 2069 Marullo S: 323 1584 2214 Mary C: 1585 Marzadori C: 93 1586 1587 1588 Marzano FN: 1589 2399 Marzari R: 1162 Marzi P: 1251 Marzianilongo G: 393 Marzocchi W: 1256 1590 1591 Marzola G: 1528 Marzorati A: 83 926 Marzullo L: 1184 Marzuoli D: 347 Masaferro J: 1382 Masci F: 756 757 758 2045 2534 Masciandaro G: 575 1117 1485 Masciopinto C: 1592 Mascolo G: 1452 1566 1593 1594 Maselli F: 683 Maser R: 1075 2527 Masera L: 559 Masera M: 2211 Maserti BE: 301 902 903 965 966 967 968 1595 Masi S: 822 Masia A: 2336 Masia P: 50 1596 1978 1979 Masina S: 1597 Massa G: 159 Massa R: 1025 1026 Massanisso P: 239 Massari A: 1894 Massi A: 1036 1037 1039 168 1040 1393 1709 Massidda R: 1931 Massiglia M: 128 Massironi L: 2299 Massoli Novelli R: 866 Massone A: 1420 Mastrantonio G: 104 Mastrodicasa M: 394 Mastrogiacomo AR: 358 Mastrorilli M: 1346 1347 1598 2449 Mata-Alvarez J: 578 579 580 581 582 583 1599 1600 1704 1754 1852 2182 2436 2504 Materassi R: 375 Matessi C: 418 1601 2277 Mathews JD: 1361 Mattedi L: 1150 Mattei E: 810 Mattei M: 1602 2162 Matteoli U: 1612 Matteucci G: 2429 Matthews A: 1443 Matthews WA: 1307 Matthey R: 801 Mattiacci L: 1603 Mattioli F: 1604 Mattoccia M: 2200 2207 Maugeri TL: 1269 1975 Maurano F: 1611 Mauri AR: 1877 Mauri M: 2048 May JW: 329 Mayaux P: 1605 Mayer A: 2014 2273 Mazur H: 1606 Mazzaracchio P: 172 Mazzei F: 193 1246 Mazzinghi P: 584 2429 Mazzocchi MG: 258 856 1321 1607 Mazzoleni S: 1608 2220 Mazzoncini M: 492 1910 Mazzotta D: 1147 Mazzucchelli M: 2273 Mazzucotelli A: 922 1899 2468 Mazzullo M: 1259 1260 Mbagwu JSC: 1926 Mbome IL: 325 Mbugua DK: 642 Mcclaugherty C: 285 Mcclellan MH: 371 Mccormick MP: 2534 Mcdermid IS: 2525 Mcelroy T: 1307 Mcevilly TV: 2106 Mcgee TJ: 2525 Mcguire WJ: 2142 Mchardy WJ: 941 Mckenzie R: 1307 Mclachlan JA: 1636 Mcmillen RT: 912 Meazza L: 1667 Mecchi AM: 1271 Mecci A: 443 Meda M: 84 Medford LV: 2487 Medolago G: 748 Mee LD: 53 Meentemeyer V: 285 Megalofonou P: 1609 Megie G: 2313 Megli A: 291 Meidel SK: 1016 Meijer L: 1982 Melchioni E: 880 881 1348 Meletzus D: 1355 Meli G: 1610 Meli MA: 2356 Meli P: 1615 Melillo VA: 1446 Melis P: 338 Mellerio G: 2307 Melluso G: 1611 1802 Melodia F: 113 114 2478 2480 Melone F: 698 2278 Melone G: 2064 Meloni A: 1053 Meloni GP: 2554 2555 2558 Meloni P: 2216 Meltz ML: 1317 Mencaraglia F: 539 Menchetti F: 2071 Menchi G: 1612 Mencuccini M: 297 1613 1614 Mendillo M: 1911 Menditto A: 1615 1693 Menduni G: 1161 Meneghel M: 2289 Menegon S: 249 250 251 252 Menetto A: 770 Menghi G: 2482 Menicagli S: 2357 Menichelli M: 1226 Menichetti M: 1095 Menichini E: 1616 Menna M: 24 25 Mennella V: 669 670 Menotti A: 1615 1693 Menozzi P: 143 1617 2122 2470 Mentasti E: 8 10 1618 Mercantini R: 994 Mercer JP: 747 Merckx R: 1772 Merendino A: 1101 Mergler D: 87 Meriwether JW: 2525 Merler E: 1619 Merli C: 578 Merli S: 2196 Merlo F: 342 Merlo G: 2179 Merlo L: 2036 Merzagora M: 1795 Mesirca R: 1827 1828 1829 Mesnil M: 2530 Messana G: 1620 Messenger JB: 962 Messeri P: 1621 Messina M: 681 Metallo MC: 1622 Meucci L: 2179 Mezzanotte V: 1781 1782 Mezzetti B: 1623 Mezzetti MC: 1624 Miana P: 106 107 1625 Miano TM: 1626 1627 2238 2239 2241 Micarelli R: 1725 Micciolo R: 96 Micera G: 2005 Michel P: 53 Michelato A: 119 2221 Micheli C: 1628 Micheli F: 1156 Micheli L: 1629 Michelini A: 1630 1631 1632 2106 Michelozzi M: 1633 2367 Michetti AM: 330 Michetti G: 1634 1639 2540 Michetti I: 620 Michetti L: 1634 Miclaus N: 1635 Mierzejewski K: 933 INDICE Migliaccio S: 1636 Miglietta F: 308 1363 1637 Migliore L: 163 859 1638 Migliori M: 748 1634 1639 2540 Mignanego L: 327 1640 Mignuzzi C: 349 Miguel JAG: 1718 Milana MR: 1641 Milandri A: 947 2506 2507 Mileo AM: 810 Miliani R: 645 707 Miligi L: 121 Milinkovitch MC: 451 452 Militerno S: 1695 Miller AJ: 1642 1643 1644 2045 2525 Millot C: 31 1412 Milone MTA: 1748 Minacapilli M: 984 Mincione E: 449 Minelli A: 1645 1646 Mineo F: 961 Minero C: 1647 1648 1649 1650 1864 1865 1866 Minervini F: 2501 Minganti V: 1651 2181 Mingazzini M: 973 1090 1092 1276 1652 1653 1654 Miniero R: 860 1655 1656 2411 Mininni G: 1467 1657 Mininni R: 1967 2136 Minissale A: 755 1658 Minoia C: 1659 1660 2097 2151 2152 2153 2154 Minoia L: 39 Minutello A: 2092 Minutini L: 1010 1332 Mion A: 160 Mirabella A: 1661 1924 Mirabile L: 985 Miralto A: 1662 1982 Miranda M: 1663 Mirecki RM: 1986 Mischke C: 1623 Miserocchi S: 168 1664 Misiti A: 913 Mistri M: 576 577 1665 Mitev V: 1005 Mittempergher L: 1294 Mittner P: 1666 Miyakoda K: 1750 Moauro A: 1260 2125 Mobbs S: 2310 Mocarelli P: 1667 Modigh M: 547 Mohamed AJ: 681 Moia F: 1236 Moisello U: 305 Molinari GP: 719 Molinaroli E: 210 Molinini R: 1668 Moller AP: 2165 Mollica A: 1669 Mols JJ: 926 1077 2527 Monaci F: 2376 Monaco P: 45 Monaco V: 1239 1240 Monarca S: 1670 Mond M: 1281 Mondini C: 326 1419 Monetti A: 1150 Monicelli F: 1713 1714 Montagna M: 1399 Montagnoli M: 51 637 690 Montaini E: 1671 Montalbini P: 808 1672 1673 Montalto A: 622 Montanarella L: 190 191 390 2027 Montanari G: 1867 2078 2247 2511 Monte L: 1674 1675 1676 Montebello O: 322 Montefinale T: 494 Monteforti G: 1010 Montemagno M: 2125 Montepiani C: 2388 2390 Monteverdi A: 403 470 1677 Monti A: 349 Monti M: 1678 Montibragadin C: 882 Montone P: 56 1679 Moore MN: 1471 Moortgat GK: 2522 Morabito R: 531 532 533 534 535 619 1427 Morace G: 874 875 Moran MD: 761 Morandi M: 800 801 2313 2314 2315 Morelli A: 1680 1681 1976 Morelli E: 1447 1682 1683 2209 2245 2246 Morelli I: 563 Morelli L: 1684 Morello C: 21 Moreno G: 567 822 1788 1789 2497 Morescalchi A: 518 1685 1686 Morescalchi MA: 1686 2334 Moretti G: 212 1687 Moretti M: 1688 Moretti PF: 447 Moretto D: 994 Morgan ED: 1349 Morgan G: 2107 Morgante M: 992 Morghen CD: 1270 Morgutti S: 2159 Mori A: 1247 1248 1689 1690 1691 2399 Mori P: 961 Morichetti E: 1692 Morigi MP: 1993 Morini S: 299 300 Morisi G: 1615 1693 Moro G: 1401 Moro I: 67 Morosi A: 646 Morosini M: 457 Morossi G: 1207 Morra O: 42 Morri C: 127 Morris SD: 2266 Morrone S: 329 Morselli A: 819 1226 Morselli L: 884 948 1047 1694 1695 1696 1697 1698 Mortier L: 1412 Moscardelli S: 20 Moscatelli C: 1253 Moschin E: 67 Mosconi G: 748 1103 1634 1639 1699 1700 2153 2154 2166 2230 Mosello R: 171 461 1547 1548 1550 1697 1701 1702 Mosetti R: 728 729 731 1703 Mosselmans G: 1134 ANALITICO DEGLI AUTORI Mosti M: 1892 Motta T: 1639 Motto M: 150 Mount G: 1307 Mousty F: 1856 Moya I: 356 2222 2223 Mtzviturtia A: 1704 Mucciarelli M: 1499 1501 1503 1580 Mugnai A: 1005 Mugnozza GES: 2428 Mugnozza GS: 2429 Muhlbachova G: 1419 Mulargia F: 1256 1590 1591 1705 1706 1707 2010 Muleo R: 1708 2159 Mullie WC: 1709 1710 Munasinghe M: 1711 Munda G: 1712 Munnia A: 343 Munoz F: 285 Munro M: 299 300 Muntau H: 190 191 592 1079 1992 2012 2013 2119 2419 Munzinger A: 1713 1714 Mura G: 1715 1716 1717 Mura MC: 1718 Muraca A: 1719 Muratori S: 890 2079 2080 2081 Murena F: 1197 1199 1200 1720 Muriano F: 490 Murino P: 1473 Murphree JS: 23 Murray AG: 539 Murray CH: 1721 Murray CN: 1722 Murray JB: 2142 Murray N: 1081 Musacchio A: 1723 Musacco A: 579 581 1852 Muscari V: 1873 Muscillo M: 1724 1725 Muscolo A: 1726 1740 Musitelli O: 1639 Musmann G: 1216 Musmanno RA: 2426 Musmarra D: 1384 Musmeci L: 561 562 1203 1727 1728 Mussino V: 365 1729 169 IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA Muthama NJ: 1730 2269 Mutti A: 286 1357 1731 Mutti E: 1776 Mwaluma J: 1620 Myneni RB: 1732 Nachtergaele FO: 2284 Naclerio G: 1733 1734 Naeve H: 325 Nagel R: 1352 1353 Naldi M: 2471 Nalesso GF: 1735 1736 Nali C: 1460 1462 1463 1464 Nam KS: 2364 Nannariello L: 428 Nannicini L: 2245 2246 Nanniperi P: 359 Nannipieri P: 145 146 147 630 631 954 1177 1385 1386 1737 1738 Nano G: 2251 Napolitano LG: 1473 Nappo M: 898 Nardi G: 1583 Nardi S: 976 1726 1739 1740 1916 Nardini A: 1741 Nardone C: 761 Nardulli F: 1668 Nasci C: 770 1443 1742 Natale L: 1063 1064 1343 1364 1743 Natale P: 1744 Natali L: 571 Natali V: 573 Natangelo M: 276 1745 1746 Naumczyk J: 1747 2328 2329 Navari Izzo F: 1748 1749 Navarra A: 1750 1938 Nay SM: 371 Naylor E: 805 1624 Nebuloni C: 719 Needham LL: 1667 Neftel A: 1065 Negre M: 70 517 1137 1751 1752 1753 Negri ED: 1754 Negrini L: 2273 Negrini N: 2159 Negrisolo PA: 557 Negrotti R: 2043 Negrutiu I: 1755 Nelli L: 178 Nercessian A: 1302 170 Neri A: 877 879 1756 Neri G: 384 Nerozzi F: 1145 Ness NF: 1216 Nesterov EA: 2381 Neubauer FM: 655 1216 Neuber R: 1757 Neuberg J: 1758 Neuberg L: 1768 2519 Neuberger M: 1361 Neubert T: 1348 Neuman SP: 1096 Nevanlinna H: 1729 Nevo E: 989 1759 Newbold RR: 1636 Newell PT: 2520 2521 Newman JD: 35 Newman PA: 2045 Newton CH: 1119 Niccolai I: 977 Nichetto P: 2317 Nichol SE: 1760 Nicolaus B: 1761 Nicolella C: 2133 Nicoletti G: 1762 Nicoletti I: 1763 Nicoletti M: 861 1764 2370 Nicoli A: 1557 Nicoli E: 2087 Nicolli A: 397 Nicolo L: 1765 2398 Nicolotti A: 1660 Nielsen CJ: 1775 Nielsen E: 1023 1024 2233 Nieuwland G: 149 2450 Nigro L: 1766 Nigro M: 290 1016 1767 2048 Niiler PP: 1768 2519 Nijkamp P: 1712 Nikinmaa E: 297 Nilsson T: 1399 Nimis PL: 344 1205 1769 1770 1771 Nimmo JR: 2116 Nisbet AF: 1772 Nittis K: 1773 Nocita A: 674 Nohara K: 1298 Nolli ML: 394 Nolt IG: 539 Nonni Smarzano F: 1774 Noone KJ: 680 Norager O: 1134 Norbergking TJ: 1551 Nordberg G: 41 Noremsaune IMW: 1775 Norman HA: 1986 Normand P: 375 Normark WR: 1776 Norppa H: 1777 Notarianni V: 460 Nothig EM: 314 Notholt J: 1778 1779 Novelli AA: 1815 Novelli S: 2 Novo A: 995 1780 Nowicki BL: 1797 Nucci CA: 2134 Nuccio PM: 144 Nunziata C: 1263 Nunziello S: 1528 Nurizzo C: 1781 1782 Nyberg D: 870 Nykjaer L: 1082 1306 1783 Obaton D: 1412 Oberdorfer E: 1935 Oberhardt M: 1348 Ochumba PBO: 325 Ocone R: 104 Odberg FO: 35 Odowd CD: 1338 Odum HT: 2418 Oglietti AP: 1022 Ogren JA: 680 926 Okuno N: 2301 Oliva G: 231 Oliveri RL: 733 Olivetti G: 286 Olivieri M: 348 Olivo BM: 822 Ollis DF: 1784 Olmo E: 518 1685 Olson GJ: 154 653 988 Omenetto N: 148 Omodeo P: 2127 2200 Ongaro L: 189 Onnis A: 101 510 954 Onofrio M: 1142 2194 Onor M: 1831 Onorati G: 1785 Ooishi K: 1298 Oppenheim M: 1786 Oppenheimer C: 1055 Oral R: 2392 Ordas RJ: 1787 Orecchia G: 743 Orestano CF: 468 Orhon D: 1154 Orio AA: 466 2258 2259 2260 Orlandi C: 349 Orlandi M: 345 471 Orlandini R: 1512 Orlando E: 2048 2050 2051 2052 Orlando M: 1788 1789 Orlando R: 769 Orlic M: 2323 Orlob GT: 1790 Ormes JF: 819 Orofino V: 669 Orombelli G: 195 Orsega EF: 396 Orsi G: 680 1075 1076 2527 Orsi N: 1791 2498 Orsini P: 130 1724 1725 Orsini S: 1792 Ortea J: 134 1020 Ortega N: 1177 Orthmann E: 1134 Orunesu M: 2469 Osborne AR: 288 289 Osella G: 2574 Oshima Y: 644 Osibanjo O: 325 Osman J: 1361 Osore M: 1620 Ostacoli G: 2552 Oster H: 2221 Osterloh JD: 754 Osti M: 2570 Ostman C: 1793 Otani N: 1786 Ottaviani M: 1794 Ottaviano E: 1060 Ottolenghi A: 309 1795 Ottonello D: 887 Oumerachi H: 1796 Oviatt CA: 1797 Ozoufcostaz C: 1685 1952 Paarmann W: 409 Pacciani M: 1051 Pacenti P: 2354 Paci E: 2489 Pacifici R: 1798 Pacioni G: 1663 Padovani R: 1205 Pagani M: 1799 1800 Pagani P: 1801 Paganin G: 349 Pagano A: 1560 INDICE Pagano G: 1611 1802 2098 2392 2517 Pagano M: 1487 1488 1542 Pagliai M: 26 1214 1910 Paglialonga A: 1628 Pagnucco C: 2249 2250 Pahl S: 926 1075 1077 2526 Pajor I: 2381 Pala M: 164 497 1803 2433 2434 2435 Palais JM: 1378 Palermi S: 1959 1963 Palesse L: 673 Palestrini C: 1804 1805 Palitti F: 788 1806 Palliotti A: 356 Pallotta ML: 2172 Palma A: 431 Palma P: 514 Palmas F: 705 Palmieri F: 941 Palmieri G: 1184 Palmieri S: 1730 1807 2269 Palmisano F: 1451 1808 Palmisano L: 1985 Palmisano V: 1592 Palombo B: 1186 Paloscia S: 1809 Palumbo M: 1566 Pampaloni P: 1809 Pana A: 735 874 875 Panattoni A: 1459 Pancani MG: 85 Panconesi A: 1810 Pandolfi M: 1811 Pandolfo JP: 1284 Pane L: 537 538 Panelli E: 95 Paniconi C: 1812 1813 2009 2394 Panicucci A: 1460 1461 Panizzuti M: 1814 Pannaccione A: 656 Pansini M: 24 25 34 Pantani C: 1815 1816 Pantani F: 445 Pantani L: 584 Pantani OL: 456 Pantosti D: 1817 Panuccio MR: 1740 Panza GF: 1537 2099 2270 Paola G: 170 Paola V: 1818 Paoletti D: 2294 2295 Paoletti E: 1819 Paoletti L: 932 1668 1820 1821 Paoletti MG: 954 1822 1823 1824 1825 Paoletti P: 1826 2473 Paolini M: 499 1827 1828 1829 Paolucci M: 1507 Papadimitriou E: 825 Papale P: 878 1830 Papi F: 1265 Papini MP: 1506 Papoff P: 602 1831 Pappa R: 749 Pappalardo G: 864 Parati F: 158 Paratici V: 471 Pardini G: 1832 2054 2281 Pardo A: 58 Parente G: 252 Pareschi MT: 555 Paretzke HG: 1795 Parigi PC: 1410 1699 Parigibini R: 215 Paris G: 2470 Parisi G: 1151 Parisi M: 365 822 1788 1789 Park JH: 539 1833 Parlar H: 1439 Parmon VN: 450 1999 Parodi B: 2101 Parodi S: 1507 1834 1835 1836 1837 2101 2345 Parozzi F: 1838 Parpagnoli D: 1839 Parra O: 1041 Parravicini G: 1207 Parrini M: 342 Parvoli G: 2320 2321 2322 Pascale M: 1802 Paschini E: 119 1840 Pascual M: 1841 Pasello S: 928 Pasetti L: 2371 Pasian F: 1066 Pasini A: 49 Pasquale V: 588 1367 1842 1843 Pasqui V: 549 Pasquini R: 1670 2344 Passa AR: 1798 Passalacqua E: 1201 1844 Passarella R: 148 Passera C: 976 Passino R: 1451 1452 1593 1594 1902 1907 2372 Pasteris A: 347 1845 Pastore A: 1532 Pastorino R: 2567 Pastres R: 792 1846 2283 Patalano M: 1847 Patarnello T: 1848 1849 Paterson S: 1850 Patetta A: 1530 Patriarca E: 1355 Patriarca M: 1693 Patterson DG: 1667 Patti AM: 1724 Patti V: 1851 Patzert WC: 1980 Pau S: 829 Pavan G: 1097 1477 1804 Pavan P: 216 376 578 579 580 581 582 583 1599 1600 1852 2182 2436 Pavanello S: 1853 2570 Paveri Fontana SL: 1015 1854 Pavese A: 120 Pavese G: 60 744 745 Pavoni B: 1568 1855 2157 2257 2259 2260 2261 2262 2263 Payaperez A: 1396 1856 Payaperez AB: 701 1857 1858 1859 1860 Payrissat M: 828 Pearce N: 1361 Peccenini S: 170 Pecenik G: 792 1846 2283 Pecora P: 1861 Pedretti M: 595 Pedrini A: 2222 Pedroni P: 961 Pedrotti F: 1862 Peixoto AA: 710 Pelino M: 1863 Pelizzetti E: 1229 1298 1647 1648 1649 1650 1784 1864 1865 1866 ANALITICO DEGLI AUTORI Pellacani GC: 1528 Pellegrini D: 188 1182 2111 Pellegrini E: 809 Pellegrini G: 1319 Pellegrini S: 454 Pellegrini U: 2177 Pellerano P: 353 Pelusio F: 1396 1859 Peluso M: 343 Pemberton RW: 1861 Penna A: 1867 Penna N: 1867 Pennella A: 1668 Penta M: 1293 Peoples MB: 1868 Pepe F: 1384 Pepi M: 156 157 Pera A: 1869 2436 2437 2438 Perata P: 1870 Perazzolo M: 2549 Perego R: 719 Perez G: 841 843 1350 1763 1871 1872 1873 Perez JAS: 1671 Perezsoba M: 1874 Perilli A: 1875 1876 Perin G: 106 1553 1625 Perini A: 532 535 619 620 1150 Perino A: 223 Periscardells E: 1877 Perkins H: 1878 Perna A: 492 Perna C: 598 Perner D: 2522 Pernice A: 2420 Perocco P: 1879 Perrelli G: 1880 Perretta G: 1239 1240 Perrino C: 50 955 956 957 958 959 Perrone C: 1881 Perrotta A: 2345 Perrotta C: 2028 Persano L: 3 Persia F: 1622 Persicani D: 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 Pertica M: 2469 Perticone P: 720 721 Perucci C: 2489 Perucci P: 897 1888 1889 2069 Peruffo B: 1645 171 IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA Perulli D: 1206 Pesatori AC: 1890 Pesavento M: 1102 Pesce GL: 1891 Pesci P: 2017 Pesenti R: 1507 Pesenti Barili B: 1892 Pessani D: 1893 Pessina V: 1511 1512 1513 1514 1515 1516 Pestarino M: 1894 Peters LD: 1443 Petersen CW: 2518 Petersen HJS: 419 Petersen RC: 212 Peterson RL: 1895 Petit JM: 2296 Petr T: 1896 Petralia A: 709 Petrella F: 2544 Petrelli MG: 1820 Petretto S: 2007 Petriccioli N: 928 Petrolini B: 2196 Petronio BM: 399 455 479 480 1138 1139 1897 1898 1899 1900 1903 1904 2451 Petruccioli L: 1901 Petrussa E: 400 Petruzzelli D: 30 1434 1902 Petruzzelli G: 1138 1139 1897 1898 1900 1903 1904 1908 1909 1910 2451 Petruzzelli L: 1905 Petruzzelli S: 203 Pettine M: 1487 1906 1907 Pettit S: 2075 Peyve A: 350 351 Pezza M: 532 535 Pezzagno G: 1324 Pezzarossa B: 575 1908 1909 1910 Phamdelegue MH: 35 Phillips MJ: 2332 Pi XQ: 1911 Piacenti F: 1912 Piacsek S: 1768 1913 2519 Piasentier E: 249 250 Piazzoli BD: 21 Piazzolla S: 1410 2324 Piccardi C: 1741 1914 172 Piccardi G: 1915 Piccardo MT: 2435 Piccinini P: 1649 Piccinini R: 961 980 Piccioni A: 1203 Picco P: 2297 Piccolo A: 842 1626 1635 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 Piccone G: 2451 Pichat P: 1650 Pichini S: 1798 Picozza P: 819 1226 Pielke RA: 759 760 Pierantoni R: 1927 Pierdominici E: 2513 Pieri S: 11 Pierini E: 358 Pierini S: 1449 Piermattei S: 782 1466 Pieroni A: 1294 Piersanti A: 1928 2144 Piervitali E: 2269 Pietra R: 807 901 1103 1659 1660 1929 2089 2151 2152 2153 Pietramellara G: 1919 1921 1922 Pietrangeli B: 749 Pietrangelo A: 2109 Pietrini R: 442 Pietro MG: 1930 Pietrosanti W: 1246 Pifferi PG: 2255 Piga E: 502 Piga L: 1931 Pignato S: 1932 Pignatti E: 1933 1934 Pignatti S: 189 960 1933 1934 1935 Pilastro A: 1936 Pilidis G: 1377 Pilipenko VA: 2457 Pillai P: 1986 Pimentel D: 19 1170 1171 1172 1823 1824 1937 Pimpinelli S: 2353 Pinardi N: 1597 1773 1840 1938 2130 Pinca S: 1939 Pinder G: 2401 Pineschi L: 1940 Pingue F: 817 1941 Pini R: 26 105 1832 1942 Pinna E: 930 Pino L: 1201 1844 Pinto G: 45 Pinton R: 1943 2455 Pinty B: 1732 1944 1945 2025 2026 2464 Pinzauti M: 1946 1947 Pinzino C: 1748 Piolatto G: 1880 Piombo A: 892 Piovano M: 861 1764 Pipe RK: 1948 2004 Piquad J: 800 Piquard J: 2313 Piraino S: 936 1793 1949 Pirazzoli PA: 354 Pirini M: 2506 Pirisinu Q: 629 Pisani D: 1821 Pisani G: 874 875 Pisani S: 1950 1951 Pisano E: 1685 1686 1952 Pisati G: 1953 Pistelli G: 2473 Pistelli L: 1954 Pistotti V: 2355 Pitacco A: 1955 Pitari G: 1523 1524 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 Pitea D: 671 742 1401 1966 Piussi P: 285 1206 1613 Pivotti L: 1562 Pizzigallo MDR: 1967 2136 Placidi F: 737 Plana F: 1832 2281 Platt U: 1307 Podani J: 1354 1968 Poesen J: 2375 2376 Poesen JW: 1969 Poirier MC: 124 Polani S: 720 Poldi B: 1970 Polesello S: 345 402 403 624 Poletti R: 644 947 2506 2507 Polettini A: 148 Poli AA: 650 1622 1971 Poli BM: 1017 1152 1153 Poli F: 861 Poli P: 2114 2115 2117 Poli S: 1972 Polini S: 1699 Pollack SS: 154 Pollara JR: 733 Polli B: 1381 Pollini C: 1973 Pollio A: 45 Polo A: 853 Poloniecki RH: 688 Poltarzewski Z: 2309 Polunin N: 1974 Polver PD: 2160 Pomar MLCA: 1975 Pomare F: 147 1385 Pompei F: 1674 Pompei M: 947 2506 2507 Pondrelli S: 1976 Pontecorvo D: 476 Ponzano E: 2468 Ponzetti C: 2205 Ponzini G: 738 739 1207 Poole LR: 2534 Poolzobel BL: 310 Porceddu E: 891 Porporato M: 1531 Porrini C: 589 Porro A: 124 Porru DS: 98 Porte C: 1443 Posa D: 1977 Posamentier H: 1776 Poscolieri M: 1785 Possagno E: 843 1763 Possanzini M: 633 1596 1978 1979 Posthuma L: 1058 Potemra TA: 2520 Poucet A: 1296 Poulain PM: 1643 1644 1980 1981 Poulet G: 2522 Poulet SA: 1322 1373 1662 1982 1983 Poulin M: 2310 Poulsen OM: 1984 Poulsom S: 734 Poulsom SR: 2425 Povero P: 548 921 924 Powell J: 1134 Powell JR: 451 452 Powers PA: 2353 Pozzetti L: 1827 1828 1829 Pozzi G: 901 Pozzi N: 628 INDICE Pozzi P: 1528 Praderio G: 2285 Pramauro E: 1647 1864 1865 1985 Prandi A: 681 Pranovi F: 1405 Pranzini E: 1333 Prati R: 987 Precali R: 787 Predieri G: 20 Predieri S: 1986 Premazzi G: 383 2118 Premoli A: 338 Premoli MC: 1987 Prenter J: 35 Presutti C: 1988 Preti F: 1989 1990 2254 Prevedelli D: 723 Previtali F: 1991 Previtera L: 45 Prevot AB: 1229 Prieur L: 1225 Principato G: 2053 Principi C: 1992 Prinn RG: 1959 Priolo E: 2537 Privette JL: 1732 Privitera I: 497 Procaccini G: 33 Prodi F: 2184 2185 2186 2505 Prodi V: 1993 1994 1995 Profumo A: 1102 1996 2300 Profumo P: 1997 1998 Prokopiev SI: 1999 Pronzato R: 1525 2000 Provenzale A: 1584 2001 Provenzano G: 725 Provenzano MR: 2238 Provini A: 1091 2002 Prusova IY: 258 Pruzzo C: 537 Psenner R: 1547 1550 Puccetti G: 1426 Pucci P: 639 Puce M: 259 Pugliese M: 898 Pugliesi C: 586 2003 Puglisi A: 780 Pulsford AL: 1948 2004 Puntoni F: 1682 Pupella A: 479 Pupp M: 291 Puppi G: 1482 1874 Purrington FF: 1822 Pusino A: 1442 2005 2006 2007 2008 Putti M: 1813 2009 Puxbaum H: 927 2526 Puzzarini P: 2482 Qiao YM: 1572 Quaggia S: 1674 Quaglia GB: 1717 Quaglieri C: 1010 Quaianni T: 2253 Quarantotto G: 1268 Quareni F: 2010 Quaroni S: 2196 Quartacci MF: 1748 Quartarone G: 1687 Quartieri M: 2336 Quarto R: 2011 Quatrini P: 449 Quattroni G: 1698 Queirazza G: 515 640 1907 2356 Queller DC: 626 Querzoli G: 593 Quevauviller P: 543 2012 2013 2419 Quezada RA: 54 Quick JE: 2014 2273 Quiniou F: 2392 Quinlan PJ: 754 Quirci A: 461 Quirici P: 131 Rabboni R: 343 917 Rabitti S: 149 2015 2450 Rabotti G: 404 Raccanelli S: 1568 1855 2257 2259 Racchi ML: 1023 2016 Rachel R: 2510 Rachidi F: 2134 Raco B: 904 968 Radaelli A: 1270 Raddi S: 1183 Radegonde V: 325 Radice M: 67 2017 Radice S: 1539 Radostitz JV: 539 Raes F: 1778 1779 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2444 2445 2446 2447 Raffaldi F: 393 394 Raggi A: 172 Raggi MA: 500 Raggi V: 2024 Ragnarson P: 902 903 904 966 967 968 Ragnelli AM: 1663 Ragosta M: 1489 1490 Ragozza L: 2390 Ragusa S: 821 Rahman H: 2025 2026 Rahman HU: 1356 Rahman MS: 2027 Raho G: 2028 Raicich F: 730 Raimondi V: 2429 Rairoux P: 750 801 2315 Rajbhandari H: 1790 Rakov VA: 2134 Ramadori L: 721 Ramadori R: 237 324 329 553 554 2372 Ramani P: 2225 Ramanujam VMS: 2392 Rambaldi A: 372 Ramel C: 1618 Rampazzo G: 1268 Ramundo E: 869 Rana G: 1598 Ranalli G: 931 2029 Randi E: 2030 2031 2163 Randi G: 811 Rani P: 1259 Ranieri A: 2032 Ranieri E: 541 Ranzani M: 2103 Ranzani R: 2102 Ranzi R: 2033 2034 Rao MA: 1174 1175 1176 1179 1181 Rao MP: 2035 Rapisarda A: 821 Rapolla A: 1008 1009 Rapp M: 1421 1422 Rappuoli D: 165 Rapsomanikis S: 1004 Raschi A: 308 368 1637 Rascio N: 2036 Rashad AA: 437 Rasmussen K: 2037 2038 Ratinaud MH: 2296 Ratti SP: 248 2170 Rausa R: 1918 Ravaglia G: 1264 Ravasio G: 1699 Ravelli A: 456 Ravera O: 2039 2040 Ravetz J: 1067 Ravetz JR: 713 1068 1069 ANALITICO DEGLI AUTORI Ravida D: 1059 Raznitsin Y: 351 Rea E: 2041 Readman JW: 53 2042 Realini M: 2043 Rebizzi V: 2183 Recanatini M: 313 Recupero V: 1201 2044 Redaelli G: 2045 2088 Redaelli ML: 594 Redi C: 1759 Redi CA: 1800 Reggiani G: 166 2046 Reggiani R: 2047 Regoli F: 2048 2049 2050 2051 2052 2053 Regues D: 1832 2054 Reichenbach P: 549 1277 Reischl G: 926 1075 Rella R: 2322 Rellori M: 2564 Remetti R: 201 Remotti PC: 2055 Renoldi M: 213 Renzi L: 1777 Renzoni A: 142 1034 1039 1040 1573 1709 2056 2057 Restelli G: 624 1339 1340 2275 2276 2522 Restivo FM: 393 2349 Restivo MAD: 813 Restuccia G: 450 Reuss J: 1905 Reverberi S: 2183 Reviglione L: 2205 Rey M: 2058 Riaz M: 1857 Ribaldone A: 454 Ribeyre F: 64 155 Ribotti A: 2297 Ricard Y: 2059 2060 2061 2062 2291 2292 Ricca E: 482 1733 1734 Riccardi C: 239 Ricceri G: 1108 Ricchiuto B: 117 Ricci A: 695 Ricci C: 1127 1799 1800 2063 2064 2065 Ricci CA: 1369 2066 Ricci F: 1150 Ricci M: 819 1226 Ricci N: 2067 2068 Ricci R: 961 1099 1544 173 IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA Ricci S: 2244 Ricciardulli L: 1961 1964 Ricco G: 1593 Riccucci S: 231 Rich FJ: 2520 2521 Richardson JD: 2497 Richter J: 2069 Richter O: 2069 Ricordy R: 721 788 Riego J: 701 Rietveld P: 1712 Riffaldi R: 1432 1433 2070 2071 2199 Rigano C: 844 Rigato F: 2072 Righetti B: 2073 Righetto L: 2074 Righi D: 2075 Righi E: 20 Rigon R: 1541 1543 2076 2077 2082 2083 2084 2085 2093 2094 2095 2096 Rigoni Stern S: 2326 2327 Rinaldi A: 1867 2078 2247 2511 2512 Rinaldi S: 890 1202 2079 2080 2081 Rinaldo A: 253 254 255 256 382 1541 1543 2076 2077 2082 2083 2084 2085 2093 2094 2095 2096 2167 Rinallo C: 246 2086 Rincon JM: 1863 Rindone B: 345 402 403 470 471 624 1677 Riolo C: 1102 1996 2300 Ripepe M: 411 1758 Ristori GG: 380 381 Ristori T: 179 180 181 185 186 187 Ritchie JT: 59 Riva E: 190 191 Riva G: 470 Rivalenti G: 2273 Rivaro P: 1899 Rivolta G: 2087 Rizi V: 756 757 758 1956 1961 2045 2088 2534 Rizza F: 736 Rizza U: 2366 Rizzato G: 2089 Rizzi E: 150 Rizzi L: 291 174 Rizzoni M: 2090 2302 2305 Roberti L: 2091 Roberts DA: 1111 Roberts EH: 2138 2139 Roberts MC: 929 Robinson AR: 1643 1644 Rocchi P: 356 Rocco L: 518 Rocco M: 353 Rocco P: 2549 Rockwell D: 2377 Roda A: 2092 Rodolico S: 1427 1428 Rodrigues LM: 159 Rodriguez F: 860 1656 Rodriguez R: 2058 Rodriguez I turbe I: 1543 2076 2077 2083 2084 2085 2093 2094 2095 2096 Roether W: 2221 Roetti C: 769 Roggi C: 1660 2097 Rojas M: 203 Rolle E: 238 324 478 1506 2110 Romagnano S: 1746 Romagnoli A: 441 Romana LA: 2098 2392 Romanelli F: 2099 Romanelli M: 2421 Romano B: 2100 Romano F: 60 Romano M: 1801 Romano N: 2189 Romano P: 649 1834 2101 2102 2103 2104 Romano R: 465 Romeo L: 2105 Romeo MR: 1629 Romero AE: 2106 Ronchi A: 1659 1660 2097 2152 Ronchi C: 1786 Ronchi VN: 1564 Roncioni A: 62 Ronco G: 2488 Rondinini G: 2545 Rongione F: 376 Rongoni A: 370 Ronveaux D: 2289 Rooyani F: 102 Rosa M: 1798 Rosa P: 943 Rosati P: 1623 Rosato P: 1211 Roselli C: 2356 Rosellini D: 1692 2458 Rosen JM: 1400 Rosenbauer H: 1359 1360 Rosinski J: 2107 Rossaro B: 212 2108 2109 Rossetti C: 2502 Rossetti G: 2470 Rossetti S: 553 2110 Rossi A: 1274 1486 2111 2112 Rossi AM: 2113 Rossi AR: 737 Rossi C: 885 2114 2115 2116 2117 2302 2305 Rossi F: 652 1145 2073 Rossi G: 393 970 1791 2118 Rossi GA: 783 Rossi GE: 2119 Rossi L: 596 711 Rossi ME: 1977 Rossi N: 1054 2120 2265 Rossi O: 335 2121 2282 2485 Rossi R: 1057 Rossi V: 143 974 1379 1719 2122 2123 Rossiello E: 1239 1240 Rossiello LA: 2124 Rossini P: 266 2125 Rosso G: 166 168 Rosso R: 410 439 440 2033 2034 2126 Rossolini GM: 1571 Rossoni C: 2173 Rota E: 2127 2128 2129 2200 Roth G: 1374 Roth S: 1777 Rotunno T: 1451 Rousseau S: 31 Roussenov V: 2130 Rovatti M: 689 2131 2132 2133 Roy R: 1134 Rozzi A: 552 1290 1420 1677 2373 2523 Rozzi AG: 1291 1292 Rubbiani M: 476 Rubenstein M: 2134 Rubin Y: 254 255 Ruello ML: 220 Ruggeri B: 2135 Ruggiero P: 1752 1967 2136 Ruggiu D: 1283 1381 Rugiero L: 1478 Rugini E: 1708 Runca E: 2137 Runci FM: 1629 Rupolo V: 1876 Ruprecht D: 964 Russi L: 2138 2139 Russiello M: 339 Russo A: 119 2067 2140 Russo GF: 1104 Russo R: 361 Ruti P: 2361 Rutigliano FA: 835 Ruwa K: 2454 Ruwa RK: 2453 Ruzzon T: 2101 Ryan MJ: 747 Rydelek PA: 2141 Rymer H: 2142 Saad MAH: 325 Saba A: 502 Sabadini R: 209 1124 1210 1408 1570 1928 2059 2060 2061 2062 2143 2144 2291 2292 2293 2462 Sabatini P: 370 Sabatino G: 887 Sabbatini V: 1143 Sabbioni C: 1217 2145 2146 2147 2148 2149 2150 2546 2547 Sabbioni E: 39 692 807 900 901 1103 1282 1370 1639 1659 1660 1700 1929 1984 2089 2097 2151 2152 2153 2154 Sabbioni M: 1698 Sabil N: 2155 2156 2157 Sacchero G: 8 10 Sacchetti R: 293 Sacchi GA: 2158 2159 Sacchi L: 2160 Sacchi N: 1026 Sacchi R: 47 Sacco M: 482 1733 Sacks IS: 2141 Saggiomo V: 547 548 2197 Saglia S: 2183 Sagnotti L: 1007 2161 2162 INDICE Saha P: 1199 Saija R: 366 Sailer K: 353 Saini G: 148 1140 1141 Saino N: 2163 2164 2165 Saitta M: 1424 Saizjimenez C: 2239 Sakellariadou F: 2242 Sala A: 503 Sala C: 1995 2166 Sala F: 257 1755 Sala J: 1856 Sala MN: 1858 Sala O: 961 980 2166 Salandin P: 253 2167 Salas JD: 200 440 Salbitano F: 1206 Salerno M: 1223 Salleo A: 2168 Salleolini M: 165 Salmona M: 1801 Salomone S: 2552 Saltelli A: 2020 2151 2169 Salusti E: 322 1765 1875 1876 2123 Salvadori G: 248 2170 Salvadori P: 370 Salvadori S: 1403 Salvaggio L: 406 Salvatori I: 1226 Salvi G: 1266 Salvi S: 2171 Salzano G: 2172 Sambri V: 2173 Sammartano S: 1 814 824 844 Sammartino MP: 477 Samoggia M: 2414 Samperi R: 724 858 Sanchez Camazano M: 110 112 2174 Sanchez Hernandez JC: 852 1042 Sanchez Martin MJ: 110 112 2174 Sanchis PS: 441 Sander R: 680 Sandmann F: 1258 Sandrini LR: 132 133 2175 Sandroni S: 82 2176 2177 2178 Sandrucci P: 2179 Sandulli R: 2180 San Filippo L: 201 Sannia G: 1184 Sannino F: 1177 1180 Sanpera C: 2181 Sans C: 578 579 581 1754 2182 2504 Sansebastiano G: 2183 Sansone E: 915 916 1688 Sansone U: 249 250 251 252 611 Sansoni G: 2507 Santachiara G: 2184 2185 2186 2505 Santagostino A: 718 Santaloia F: 1505 Santangelo G: 2 2187 Santianni D: 840 Santini A: 1810 2188 2189 Santini G: 2190 Santojanni A: 2191 Santoleri R: 323 1584 2214 Santori M: 552 1452 1487 1488 1902 Santoro C: 503 Sapigni E: 1828 Sapigni T: 2192 Sapin M: 1302 Sapone A: 313 1828 1829 Sara M: 1087 1088 2193 Saracchi M: 2196 Saracci R: 203 1361 Saracco G: 2194 2195 Sarais I: 2312 Sardi P: 2196 Sargent JR: 245 Sarno D: 2197 Sarritzu G: 2217 Sartore F: 2191 2485 Sartorelli P: 1559 Sartorello P: 770 Sartori F: 1424 1425 Sartoris G: 2539 Sarzanini C: 8 10 Sassi G: 2135 Sassoli O: 571 Sathyendranath S: 1303 1304 1305 Satta G: 1571 Saturnino P: 869 Sauro U: 2198 Savelli C: 930 Savi F: 1743 Savino G: 1199 1200 Saviozzi A: 1432 1433 2070 2071 2199 Sazonov AP: 2381 Sbano L: 761 Sbaragli A: 260 Sbordoni MC: 2200 Sbordoni V: 52 451 452 526 601 820 2201 Sbraccia M: 1136 Sbrana C: 121 Sbrana I: 163 Sbrenna G: 1262 1414 1415 1581 Sbrenna Micciarelli A: 1414 1415 Sbrignadello G: 215 2202 2399 Sbrilli G: 141 442 1086 Scafato E: 1615 Scagnozzi A: 2070 Scala A: 1080 Scala C: 2203 Scala F: 2219 Scali V: 1533 1534 2365 Scalzo M: 2271 Scampoli P: 370 Scanga M: 1615 Scannerini S: 1072 1498 1499 1500 1501 1503 Scansetti G: 2153 2204 2205 Scapini F: 1624 2206 2207 Scarabel L: 65 Scarabel LR: 66 Scaramozzino P: 1565 Scaramozzino PL: 2208 Scarani C: 2340 Scarano G: 1683 2209 2245 Scarascia Mugnozza G: 608 Scarazzato P: 119 2317 Scarcelli V: 163 Scardi M: 856 2562 Scarinci A: 238 Scarinci G: 498 Scarlata V: 647 Scarpa R: 2141 Scarpati ML: 1465 2210 Scarpazza G: 807 Scarponi G: 508 Scarponi L: 1889 Scelsi R: 1254 Scenati R: 886 Scerbo R: 399 Schaminee JHJ: 1935 ANALITICO DEGLI AUTORI Scheer S: 2211 Scheeren BA: 2212 Scheffer M: 890 Schell D: 680 1077 2526 2527 Schenone G: 327 1459 1640 2032 2213 Schertzer D: 2170 Schiano ME: 323 2214 Schiarini S: 49 Schiavi M: 483 Schiavon G: 2215 Schiavon I: 1504 Schiavon N: 2215 Schiavone D: 2011 Schindler C: 2222 Schindler RN: 2276 Schintu M: 2216 2217 2218 Schirch PFT: 159 Schirmbock M: 2219 Schirone B: 2220 Schlitt H: 678 Schlittenhardt P: 1306 Schlitzer R: 2221 Schmidt HU: 1216 Schmidt MW: 1972 Schmuck G: 2222 2223 Schneider T: 1077 2526 Schoeberl M: 2045 Schoket B: 124 Schonheiter R: 35 Schrefler BA: 2224 Schreider AA: 930 Schrimpf W: 1082 Schurmann W: 2316 Schwabl H: 1025 Schwartz DP: 1817 Schwartz JL: 1317 Schwartz SA: 2465 Schweigl U: 1825 Sciaky R: 2072 Sciandra A: 2225 Sciarrone F: 2183 Scienza A: 404 Scimia U: 1730 Scimone A: 869 Scimone M: 252 Scipione MB: 1104 Scognamiglio F: 503 Scopa A: 588 Scotti IA: 1125 2226 2227 2228 2229 Scotto S: 1625 Scottoditella E: 860 Scrano L: 873 175 IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA Scrimin P: 1739 Scursatone E: 361 1190 1192 1193 1194 Searle JB: 1289 Seeber R: 1535 Sega M: 1650 Sega R: 2252 Segale M: 807 Seghizzi P: 748 1639 2154 2230 2231 Sehlstedt PI: 314 Sella G: 1987 2232 Sellin C: 2233 Selvaggi G: 2234 2235 Semplici F: 152 Senatore F: 2236 Send U: 31 Senesi N: 1446 1626 1627 2237 2238 2239 2240 2241 2242 2338 Seno M: 557 Seo ES: 819 Sequi P: 93 632 1054 1120 1235 1237 1326 1416 1586 1587 1588 1696 2265 Serafini M: 1764 Serini GB: 2243 2244 Serino L: 2498 Serio C: 60 744 745 746 Serio M: 288 289 Seritti A: 1447 1682 2245 2246 Sermanni GG: 449 Serpone N: 1298 1784 Serra E: 813 Serra L: 136 Serra R: 545 Serratore P: 2247 Serra Zanetti GP: 2248 2249 2250 Sesana G: 2251 2252 2253 Settesoldi D: 2254 Setti L: 2255 Setti M: 977 Settimi L: 2374 Severino MG: 2256 Sevilla JMF: 1671 Seyler M: 350 Sforzolini GS: 1670 Sfriso A: 1554 1568 1855 2257 2258 2259 2260 2261 2262 2263 2264 Shadrin NV: 258 Shalita ZP: 2529 176 Shamshev IV: 2381 Shapiro DY: 2518 Shapshak M: 2520 Sharp R: 1761 Sharpley AN: 1326 1328 2265 Shaw G: 1772 Shen C: 560 Sheppard CM: 2266 Sheridan PJ: 1338 Sherwin MR: 2267 Sherwin TJ: 1878 Shields PG: 1387 Shive PN: 1008 1009 Shively JM: 1455 Shoji S: 751 Shuval H: 2268 Siani AM: 1730 1807 2269 Sidebottom H: 2522 Siegel BZ: 175 Siegel SM: 175 Sietz M: 884 Signorini C: 226 Sigurdsson H: 1378 Sileny J: 2270 Silibello C: 515 Silva PG: 2550 Silva S: 1125 2097 2226 2227 2228 Silva T: 2324 Silvestri S: 860 1656 Silvi B: 769 Simbula G: 1407 Simeoni U: 753 Simionato F: 2568 Simon V: 2316 Simona M: 1381 Simoncini S: 1635 Simonet P: 375 Simonetti G: 2271 Simonetti N: 2271 Singh KD: 2272 Singh VP: 1000 Sinigoi S: 2014 2273 Siniscalco D: 2274 Siro P: 1883 Sirois DL: 1973 Sisti E: 1529 Sitti L: 1238 Sivera O: 1142 Skagerberg B: 2379 Skejo H: 1396 Skejo Andresen H: 390 1860 Skolotnev S: 350 Skov H: 1339 1340 2275 2276 Sletten RS: 751 Slobodkin LB: 2277 Smaal AC: 2469 Smircic A: 119 Smith EJ: 226 447 Smith RE: 698 2278 Smodlaka N: 787 Smolders E: 1772 Smriglio G: 684 Smyrniotis T: 1134 Snyderman D: 368 Soave C: 150 393 394 Sobhian R: 654 Socal G: 314 2015 Soggia F: 706 Soggiu ME: 1718 Sola C: 2279 2280 Sola L: 737 Solaro R: 702 Soldani G: 1692 Soldani M: 1897 Soldati P: 1628 Soldatini GF: 2032 Sole A: 2281 Solfrizzo M: 2501 Soliani L: 2282 Solidoro C: 792 1846 2283 Solly I: 1075 1077 2526 2527 Solly J: 926 Sombroek WG: 2284 Somoza L: 2550 Soncini Sessa R: 1741 1914 Soprani S: 2482 Soprano V: 1367 Sora S: 1090 Sorlini C: 68 931 1677 2029 2172 2285 Sorokin YI: 2286 Sorriso Valvo M: 2287 2288 Sorsa M: 1777 Sotgia C: 2064 Souchez R: 2289 2290 Souprayen C: 1221 Soverchia C: 1471 Spada A: 393 Spada F: 2220 Spada G: 1928 2060 2061 2062 2144 2291 2292 2293 2462 Spaggiarri G: 2268 Spagna G: 2255 Spagnolo A: 1615 1693 Spagnolo GS: 2294 2295 Spagnuolo T: 1520 1521 Spalla P: 1911 Spaltenstein H: 371 Spano M: 2296 Sparapani C: 1763 Sparapani R: 51 958 Sparnocchia S: 2297 Sparvoli E: 428 617 Spazzafumo G: 638 679 Specchia V: 2135 Spera G: 1270 Spezie G: 1688 Spezzano P: 1300 1301 2298 2299 Spiegelhalder B: 1670 Spigoni C: 2268 Spinella F: 2319 Spinelli N: 864 Spinelli O: 2502 Spinelli P: 2205 Spini G: 1996 2300 Spini S: 65 Spinosa L: 1467 1657 2301 Spirito F: 2302 2303 2304 2305 Sportelli L: 2306 Sposito G: 2237 2338 Spreti N: 1815 1816 Springhetti A: 2192 Squillace AE: 1633 Staccioli G: 1612 2307 2308 Staiti P: 1844 2309 Stanca AM: 1261 Stanev E: 2130 Stanley DJ: 296 Stanners DA: 1722 2310 Stante L: 374 2363 Stanyon R: 1685 1686 Stanzani L: 1573 Stanzani R: 1315 Stanzini C: 219 Stazi AV: 2311 Stazi M: 1861 Stecca A: 427 Stecchini ML: 2312 Stefanelli C: 2173 Stefanini FM: 1810 Stefanutti L: 750 800 801 1757 2088 2313 2314 2315 Stein B: 750 801 2315 INDICE Steinbrecher R: 912 2316 Stella G: 273 Stelluto S: 1553 Stenni B: 2317 Stephens SA: 819 1226 Stern WF: 1750 Stetter KO: 2510 Stettler RF: 608 Steven MD: 174 Stevenson KJ: 391 Stieglitz L: 671 1401 Stierle A: 1297 Stievenard M: 2290 Stimilli L: 273 Stingo V: 518 Stinner BR: 1822 1823 Stinner D: 1823 Stive MJF: 849 Stober F: 2222 Stocchino G: 497 1803 Stocco G: 770 Stochaj SJ: 819 1226 Stone L: 1081 Stoppa L: 1931 Storini M: 365 822 1729 1788 1789 Stortini AM: 648 Storto T: 2324 Stotzky G: 2346 Stradella L: 2318 Strahler AH: 1380 Strassmann JE: 626 Strazzulla G: 669 2319 Streitmatter RE: 819 Strestik J: 2463 Strickland PT: 124 Strobel G: 1297 Strocchi V: 1030 1031 1144 Strumia S: 46 Sturaro A: 2320 2321 2322 Sturm B: 2323 Suardi R: 2324 Suba GK: 33 Subchev M: 2381 Subchev MA: 1135 Suhadolc P: 1537 Sulli AZ: 1613 Sun CY: 566 2325 Suokas J: 1296 Suter M: 560 Sutera A: 1284 Suzzi G: 2104 Svanberg S: 902 903 904 966 967 968 Svenningsson IB: 680 2527 Sylvester AG: 2287 Syvertsen EE: 314 Szakacs G: 876 906 Szocs G: 2381 Szpyrkowicz L: 1242 1532 1747 2326 2327 2328 2329 2330 2331 Tabacco I: 2289 Tacon AGJ: 2332 Taddei Ferretti C: 2333 Taddeucci G: 904 968 Tafani P: 860 1656 Tagliafierro G: 2334 Tagliapietra D: 2155 2156 Tagliasacchi AM: 1072 Tagliavini M: 2335 2336 Taglioni S: 1250 Tait D: 1547 1550 Taiti S: 1445 Talarico L: 2337 Tallandini L: 1562 1742 1936 Tallarico A: 892 Tallone L: 1795 Tam SC: 2338 Tamaro M: 882 Tamburrino A: 2339 Tampieri F: 2340 Tamponi M: 79 84 90 173 247 319 1266 1391 Tan XX: 2341 Tanabe S: 699 700 1344 Tandoi V: 1337 2342 Tang C: 2341 Tangorra F: 1592 2343 Tani C: 444 Taningher M: 1834 1835 2344 2345 Tanzarella C: 788 Tanzarella OA: 891 Tapp H: 2346 Tapsoba JM: 2531 Taramino G: 1060 Taraschi I: 321 Tarducci F: 4 5 Taricco C: 560 Tartagua GP: 1929 Tartari G: 489 1093 1814 2119 Tartari GA: 1547 1548 1550 1701 1702 Tassan A: 1687 Tassan S: 971 2347 2348 Tassi F: 393 2349 Tassinari M: 1546 Tassone C: 2018 Tates AD: 2113 Tatrai I: 2350 Tatsukawa R: 699 700 1344 Tattegrain A: 2515 Tattini M: 2351 Taupierletage I: 1412 Tautges T: 504 Tavazza R: 1787 Taviani M: 386 1268 Taylor EJ: 1844 Tebaldi G: 84 90 173 Tecchiati F: 2102 Tedesco D: 2352 Telor E: 1029 Temin RG: 2353 Tenderini L: 1481 Terol J: 1877 Terracini B: 2489 Terragna C: 2016 Terrani S: 2354 Terreni M: 2355 Terribile F: 2075 Teruzzi A: 2502 Terzi M: 151 Tesei U: 648 Tesi G: 690 691 Tesini O: 2363 Tesoro M: 1454 Tessa A: 163 Tessier L: 1112 Testa C: 2356 Testa L: 620 Testai E: 1136 2357 Tester P: 540 Thacker WC: 287 Thake B: 1654 Thioulouse J: 846 Thomas B: 1708 Thomas ME: 1948 2004 Thompson D: 1348 Thottappillil R: 2134 Threadgold TL: 159 Tiano P: 2358 Tibaldi E: 2359 2360 Tibaldi S: 2361 Tiburcio AF: 2058 Tiezzi E: 316 317 885 Tilche A: 362 372 373 374 1121 1122 1231 2362 2363 Tilio R: 1394 1395 1398 2364 ANALITICO DEGLI AUTORI Tiloca G: 1560 Tinarelli G: 83 429 2340 Tindo M: 1048 Tinelli A: 1017 Tinelli R: 463 Tinh TK: 417 Tinti F: 1533 2365 Tirabassi T: 1694 2366 Tiravanti G: 30 1434 1451 1452 1487 1488 1593 1594 1902 Tirelli D: 584 Tironi A: 1890 Tison JL: 2289 2290 Tisserant B: 299 300 Tita M: 1780 Tockman MS: 124 Todeschini R: 107 742 Todesco M: 879 Toffanin A: 631 Toffoletto F: 2252 Tognetti R: 368 2367 2368 Tognoni F: 1909 Tognota AG: 1519 Toksoz MN: 1019 1188 Tolomio C: 66 67 Toloni M: 1996 Tolosa I: 53 Tomaselli L: 2358 Tomaselli M: 2369 Tomasin A: 354 Tomasini M: 2087 Tomasoni R: 2559 Tomassetti M: 477 481 Tomassini L: 2370 Tomati U: 2371 Tomatis L: 2489 Tomei MC: 237 2342 2372 2373 Tomei PE: 954 Tommasi I: 2105 Tommasino L: 1466 Tonelli E: 2508 Tonezzer C: 464 Tonutti P: 1908 Topisirovic L: 1362 Torchio P: 2374 Torcini S: 519 1241 Torella R: 292 Torelli A: 695 Tornari Q: 647 Torregrossa MV: 733 1084 2432 Torrent J: 675 676 Torres L: 2316 177 IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA Torri D: 1969 2375 2376 2377 Torricelli P: 1476 1477 Tosato G: 1490 Tosato ML: 1551 2378 2379 Toscano G: 508 Tosi E: 2361 Tosi L: 2279 Tosi N: 1950 1951 Tosi P: 825 Tositti L: 312 2399 Totaro EA: 2380 Toth M: 2381 Toti L: 735 Totti C: 2015 Toure YT: 953 Toutain JP: 2352 Town WG: 1134 Trasarcepeda MC: 1195 1413 Trasatti S: 2382 2383 2384 Traverso DM: 498 Traverso P: 1553 Tredici MR: 1556 1671 Tremblay E: 503 Tremolada P: 459 460 2385 2386 Tremori M: 755 Trenti A: 1527 Trettenero A: 1510 Trevisan A: 2387 Trevisan M: 517 918 919 2388 2389 2390 2391 Trewavas AJ: 618 Tridico R: 273 Trieff NM: 1611 1802 1828 1829 2392 Trifoglio M: 301 Trimarco C: 388 Trincherini PR: 148 Trincone A: 1761 2510 Triolo L: 2125 Tripodo P: 48 125 Triscari M: 887 Triulzi C: 1589 1774 2399 Trivellato F: 2393 Trivellone E: 134 1020 Troch PA: 1167 1438 2394 Trois P: 1791 Tromellini C: 2208 Tronczynski J: 2042 Tropeano D: 2395 178 Trotta A: 298 299 300 1072 Trova C: 2396 2397 Trozzi C: 1131 2398 Trucchi P: 1168 Trulli E: 331 Tsuda H: 2530 Tsytovich VN: 775 Tubertini O: 312 1528 2399 Tubino M: 2400 Tucci S: 977 Tucciarelli F: 629 Tucciarelli T: 2401 2402 2403 Tufano V: 763 2404 Tulli F: 2360 Tumbiolo ML: 2405 Tumiatti W: 103 Turano C: 2380 Turchetto M: 1562 1742 1936 Turillazzi PG: 192 1345 1901 Turillazzi S: 236 599 626 797 798 1048 1349 1456 2406 2407 2408 2409 Turricchia A: 2410 Turrio BI: 860 Turrio Baldassarri L: 1399 2411 Tustin S: 1264 Tzedakis PC: 2412 Ubaldi C: 534 Ubay E: 1154 Udintsev G: 350 Udisti R: 1915 Ugolini A: 685 2413 2414 2415 2416 Ugolini D: 917 Ugolini FC: 371 751 752 2417 2535 Ulgiati S: 315 316 317 885 2418 Ullmann O: 1258 Uman MA: 2134 Umani SF: 565 566 1678 Ungstrup E: 1216 Urbini G: 672 Ure A: 2013 Ure AM: 2419 Urzi C: 2420 2528 Urzi CE: 1368 Usai M: 790 791 Usco A: 1205 Ustin SL: 1111 Vacca RA: 1803 Vaccari F: 1252 Vaccaro R: 1131 2398 Vacchi M: 2421 2422 2423 2424 Vaghi M: 2399 Vagliasindi FGA: 2425 Vagnoli L: 1556 Vagnoli P: 2426 Valbonesi A: 2427 Valcher S: 312 2399 Valdiserri M: 749 Valdrighi M: 2437 2438 Valensise G: 1817 2516 Valente P: 128 Valenti AM: 1259 Valenti C: 1760 Valenti PD: 1791 Valentini R: 584 1111 2428 2429 2430 2431 2452 Valentino L: 733 2432 Valerio F: 164 2433 2434 2435 Valerio P: 422 423 Valero F: 1718 Valia C: 438 Vallini G: 582 702 1869 2436 2437 2438 Valsecchi G: 2158 2439 Valsecchi P: 2440 Valvassori R: 781 1392 2441 Valzacchi S: 274 Vanasch T: 2442 Vancamp L: 1082 1783 Vandecasteele CM: 1772 Vandenberghe B: 2450 Vandenthillart G: 2443 2466 Vanderbilt VC: 174 Vanderlinde D: 2222 Vandermeer J: 1796 Vandervenne MT: 692 1282 1370 1984 Vanderzee SEATM: 254 382 Vanderzijp M: 1336 Vandingenen R: 2020 2021 2022 2444 2445 2446 2447 Vaneijk J: 2316 2448 Vanelderen CW: 793 Vangriesheim A: 31 Vanhoorn JW: 1346 1347 2449 Vanhove S: 2450 Vanmensvoort MEF: 417 Vannaroni G: 881 Vanni A: 1138 1139 1897 1898 1900 1903 1904 2451 Vanni G: 2070 Vannini A: 2452 Vannini C: 1635 Vannini M: 685 1156 1157 1158 2453 2454 Vannucchi C: 2458 Vanrenterghem D: 2012 Vanvleet ES: 2267 Vanwoert M: 2558 Vanwoert ML: 2557 Vanzeeland AA: 2113 Varaldo PE: 929 Varallo G: 1215 Varanini Z: 1943 2455 Vaselli O: 85 86 Vassalle C: 163 Vasseur J: 2233 Vaudan D: 2043 Vaughan G: 1757 Ve NB: 417 Vecchiati G: 1147 Veiga RE: 2534 Velasco RH: 611 Veldink GA: 1299 Velenza M: 144 Vellante M: 2456 2457 2463 2487 2532 Vellosi R: 1001 2114 2458 Vellutini M: 2473 Velona F: 1826 Velotta R: 864 Veltri P: 525 2459 2460 Venanzi P: 1717 Vendramin GG: 992 Ventura A: 2177 Ventura R: 1785 Venutelli M: 1232 1233 1234 Verdecchia M: 757 1523 1960 2088 2461 Verdoya M: 1842 Vergano G: 2208 Vergori L: 476 Vermeersen LLA: 2462 Vernillo I: 1203 Vero J: 2463 Veronesi C: 961 Verrucchi C: 260 INDICE Verstraete MM: 1732 1944 1945 2025 2026 2464 2465 Verstraete W: 1420 Verzegnassi B: 1465 Verzili D: 2498 Vesilind PA: 2301 Vesterberg O: 41 Vettori MV: 2115 Via JD: 2466 Viaggi S: 353 Vianello A: 400 Viarengo A: 2467 2468 2469 Viarengo S: 82 995 2176 Viaroli P: 2470 2471 Vicentini V: 1133 Vicini E: 483 Vidano C: 2472 Vidili A: 2567 Viegi G: 2473 Vieira J: 2474 Vieira SMM: 2362 Viel M: 1424 1425 Vigano L: 491 1090 2379 2475 2476 2477 2478 2479 2480 2481 Vighi M: 140 198 457 458 459 993 2482 2483 2484 Vigliotti R: 1473 Villa F: 2485 2486 Villa M: 68 Villa R: 1634 Villani F: 2172 Villani G: 1132 Villante U: 427 1053 2456 2457 2487 2532 Villone B: 1584 Villoresi G: 226 Vincenti M: 1649 1650 1864 1865 1985 Vincenzi S: 294 Vincenzo F: 2434 Vinciguerra V: 449 Vincx M: 768 2450 Vineis P: 2488 2489 2490 2491 Vinson SB: 1603 Violante A: 435 675 941 1174 1175 1176 1179 1180 1181 2492 2493 2494 2495 2496 Violante L: 2497 Violante P: 13 436 941 2494 Viotti P: 913 1099 Virieux J: 816 985 Virotta G: 748 Visca P: 2498 Vischetti C: 2499 2500 Visconti A: 2501 Visconti G: 756 757 758 978 979 1204 1523 1524 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1963 1965 2045 2088 2461 2534 Vismara C: 295 1988 2502 Vita G: 1465 2210 Vitale C: 652 Vitali G: 2443 Vitali M: 1426 1427 1428 Vitali MT: 1700 Viterbini M: 1221 Vittozzi L: 1101 1136 1320 1351 1352 1353 2357 2503 Viturtia AM: 2504 Vivaldi M: 1844 Vivarelli F: 2184 2185 2186 2505 Viviani R: 644 947 2506 2507 Vivoli G: 2508 Vizzotto G: 1943 Vlaar NJ: 2462 Vliegenthart JFG: 1299 Vodacek A: 2509 Vogel GK: 2084 2085 2096 Vogt KA: 752 Volkl P: 2510 Vollen Weider RA: 2078 2247 2511 2512 Volpe M: 63 Volpe T: 1353 Volpi F: 860 1656 2411 Volpicelli G: 1384 Volta C: 1993 Volterra E: 2371 Volterra L: 130 425 1724 1727 2513 2514 Vonderhardt P: 2515 Voneijk J: 912 Vonherzen RP: 1402 Vosjan JH: 2450 Vrieling H: 2113 Vuillermin E: 1108 Vujcic M: 1362 Vurro F: 1505 Vurro M: 862 1297 1592 2343 Walker A: 516 517 Wallinder E: 902 903 904 966 967 968 Wallis MK: 1216 Wang PH: 2534 Wang YL: 2219 Ward JD: 642 Ward SN: 2516 Warnau M: 2517 Warner RR: 2518 Warnvarnas A: 1643 1644 1768 1913 2519 Watermann J: 2520 2521 Waters JW: 2045 Waters MD: 1836 Watjen U: 1929 Wayne RP: 2522 Webber WR: 819 1226 Weiland P: 2523 Welcomme RL: 2524 Welker C: 1678 Wells JM: 986 Westhoff V: 1935 White TL: 1633 Whybrow A: 35 Wiard BM: 608 Wiedensohler A: 680 Wieprecht W: 2527 Wiesen P: 240 Wijey C: 986 Wilcock CC: 116 Wild JD: 2525 Wilemski G: 1844 Wilken B: 655 1792 Willems PA: 1293 Williams DL: 1732 Williams HJ: 1603 Williams R: 1952 Wilson C: 1609 Wilson MA: 54 Wilson WE: 1795 Winiwarter W: 927 2526 Winkelmann R: 1361 Winkler P: 1077 Winningham JD: 655 Wirick C: 123 Wittlinger G: 1302 Wittoeck J: 2450 Wobrock W: 680 926 927 1075 1077 2527 Woch J: 2520 Wolf JP: 801 1757 2088 2315 Wollenzien U: 2528 Wood EF: 1438 1812 ANALITICO DEGLI AUTORI 2394 Wootton N: 1443 Woste L: 2315 Wright RM: 2529 Wu CI: 2353 Wurtz J: 81 Xaiz D: 438 Xiccato G: 215 Xu Z: 1317 Yablonsky MD: 2529 Yair A: 2288 Yamasaki H: 2530 Yameogo L: 2531 Yang TC: 898 Yasumoto T: 644 Yedidia BA: 2532 Yong SC: 2533 Yu Y: 1317 Yue GK: 2534 Yuen DA: 1124 2291 Zabowski D: 2535 Zaccheo P: 726 Zacchini M: 774 Zaccone A: 1690 Zadro M: 401 Zaggia L: 105 2569 Zago A: 2536 Zahorodny M: 2519 Zahradnik J: 2537 Zambianchi E: 2538 Zamboni R: 184 Zambonin PG: 1451 1808 Zamora M: 2539 Zanardelli M: 1035 Zanardini E: 2285 Zancan M: 80 Zanella E: 1389 1390 Zanelli R: 1634 2540 Zanette M: 2264 Zanetti F: 2508 Zangaglia A: 951 Zanin G: 867 2541 Zanini E: 2542 2543 2544 Zanobetti L: 304 Zanoni B: 2545 Zanoni L: 190 191 Zappala G: 2044 Zappia G: 1217 2145 2146 2147 2148 2149 2546 2547 Zappoli S: 884 948 1694 1695 1698 Zapponi GA: 128 Zaramella G: 1448 179 IL “CHI È ” DELLA RICERCA AMBIENTALE IN ITALIA Zarimpas N: 2018 Zarivi O: 1663 Zatta P: 2548 2549 Zavattiero E: 561 562 Zazo C: 2550 Zecca E: 1996 2300 Zecchin A: 1791 Zedda AI: 2345 Zedda I: 1407 Zedda S: 1953 Zena A: 204 Zeni C: 2551 Zerbi G: 1419 Zerbinati O: 2552 Zerboni R: 2256 Zezza F: 2553 180 Zhan XY: 2224 Zhao JC: 1298 Zhu GM: 560 Zibordi G: 2554 2555 2556 2557 2558 Ziemacki G: 1641 1821 Zilio Grandi F: 1532 1747 2328 2329 2330 2331 Zilioli E: 2559 2560 Zilli M: 687 688 Zimbardo G: 2459 2460 2561 Zimmerman RC: 33 Zimmerman RH: 1623 1986 Zingales A: 1687 Zingone A: 2197 2562 Ziomas I: 61 1365 Zirino A: 489 Zirletta G: 449 Zironi R: 2104 Zittelli GC: 1671 Zoccarato I: 2563 Zocchetti C: 1890 Zocchi G: 404 Zoccolillo L: 2564 Zolesi B: 785 829 Zollo A: 779 2565 2566 Zonato C: 2567 Zonno MC: 1297 Zonta R: 105 2568 2569 Zoppini A: 1797 Zordan M: 2570 Zouboulis AI: 2571 Zsogon E: 87 Zuccarelli D: 301 Zuccaro P: 1798 Zucchi B: 12 Zucchiatti A: 91 Zucchini R: 1993 Zuccotti S: 272 Zulian E: 2572 Zunino M: 1804 1805 Zupo V: 1481 2573 Zuppa A: 2574 COPIA NON COMMERCIABILE E IN DISTRIBUZIONE GRATUITA Diversi Paesi europei si sono da tempo attivati per organizzare, valutare e certificare le attività di ricerca di base e applicata nei vari settori scientifici. Solo recentemente l’Italia ha iniziato a muoversi in questo campo in cui spicca l’iniziativa avviata dalla Fondazione Lombardia per l’Ambiente fin dal 1992 volta a costituire una banca dati dei ricercatori italiani nel settore ambientale e a costruire una mappa dei progetti di ricerca in corso nel nostro Paese. Con questo volume la Fondazione, avvalendosi di un qualificato gruppo di ricerca del Politecnico di Milano, ha inteso affrontare un’ulteriore tematica: la valutazione qualitativa della ricerca ambientale, valutazione finora assente in Italia e che all’estero viene normalmente effettuata sulla base dell’analisi della produzione scientifica mediante l’utilizzo di indici bibliometrici. L’indagine è stata effettuata esaminando gli articoli pubblicati su 231 riviste scientifiche specializzate di alto livello per il periodo temporale che va dal 1981 al 1995, estraendo le informazioni dal database bibliografico SCISEARCH prodotto dall’Institute for Scientific Information. Sono state considerate tutte le 142 riviste catalogate nel settore Ambiente/ Ecologia del Current Contents dell’ISI, ma la lista è stata ampliata includendo riviste selezionate da altri settori (Biologia Marina e d’Acqua Dolce, Risorse Idriche, Scienze Forestali ecc.) del Journal of Citation Reports per meglio coprire l’ampio ventaglio delle Scienze Ambientali. Sono state comparate le performance dei differenti settori e quelle delle numerose istituzioni che svolgono la propria attività di ricerca nel campo delle Scienze dell’Ambiente ed è stato valutato l’impatto a livello internazionale delle pubblicazioni italiane in un settore di ricerca che è considerato uno di quelli trainanti. È emerso che i ricercatori italiani, pur riuscendo a pubblicare sulle migliori riviste, hanno poca risonanza a livello internazionale, in quanto i loro lavori vengono sistematicamente sottocitati dalla comunità scientifica. L’analisi della produzione scientifica può — e dovrebbe — giocare un ruolo importante, anche se non esclusivo, nell’orientare la politica del finanziamento della ricerca in Italia. Il Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica potrebbe facilmente estendere l’approccio proposto in questo volume alla valutazione qualitativa della ricerca ad altri settori scientifici. Ciò permetterebbe la comparazione delle performance delle varie istituzioni e dei diversi settori di ricerca sia all’interno della realtà italiana sia in un più ampio contesto europeo, con il quale la ricerca e lo sviluppo del nostro Paese dovranno sempre più confrontarsi. Marino Gatto è professore ordinario di Ecologia Applicata e presidente del Consiglio di corso di laurea in Ingegneria per l’Ambiente e il Territorio, Facoltà di Ingegneria, Politecnico di Milano. Si è formato come ingegnere ed esperto di modelli matematici, ma dal 1975 la sua ricerca si è interamente incentrata nei campi dell’ecologia e della gestione delle risorse rinnovabili. Attualmente è editor delle riviste Theoretical Population Biology e Conservation Ecology. I suoi attuali interessi di ricerca includono: modelli di frammentazione degli habitat, analisi del rischio di estinzione di popolazioni naturali, metodi per la Valutazione di Impatto Ambientale. Giulio De Leo è professore associato di Ecologia Applicata presso l’Università degli Studi di Parma. Si è laureato in Ingegneria per l’Ambiente e il Territorio presso il Politecnico di Milano, ha conseguito un Dottorato di ricerca in Ecologia presso l’Università degli Studi di Ferrara ed è stato ricercatore prima presso il Princeton Environmental Institute della Princeton University e successivamente presso il Politecnico di Milano. La sua attività di ricerca si sviluppa intorno a problemi di carattere metodologico e applicativo riguardanti la Gestione delle Risorse Naturali, la Valutazione di Impatto Ambientale e il rapporto Impresa e Ambiente. Gianmarco Paris è borsista della Fondazione Lombardia per l’Ambiente. Si è laureato in Biologia presso l’Università degli Studi di Parma, ha conseguito un Dottorato di ricerca in Ecologia presso lo stesso Ateneo e ha svolto l’attività di ricercatore presso la School of Earth and Environmental Sciences della University of Greenwich (UK) e presso l’Institute of Limnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. Attualmente la sua ricerca si incentra sull’applicazione dei Sistemi Informativi Geografici (GIS) alla gestione e alla conservazione del patrimonio faunistico alpino. COPIA NON COMMERCIABILE E IN DISTRIBUZIONE GRATUITA