Workbook

Piccadilly Catania
Workbook
Gruppo Elementary
page 1
Welcome to Piccadilly Catania English courses! This is your student workbook that you
will need to bring to every lesson. We hope you enjoy the course and would like to
thank you for choosing Piccadilly.
Piccadilly - where English is just one stop away
Piccadilly Catania
Contents:
1. Alphabet, Numbers and Days
2. Greetings, Introducing yourself
3. Months, Dates, Seasons
Expressions of time
Past Simple
4. What did you do?
Past Simple in use
5. Auxiliaries, Present simple
6. Hobbies and Free time
Questions and negatives – be and auxiliary verbs
Do you like….?
7. Present continuous
8. Using the Present continuous
9. Articles and Prepositions of place
10. What are your plans?
Using the Future
11. Futures
12. Daily Routines
13. Spoken English – Understanding native speakers
14. Pronunciation workshop
15. Prepositions of time
16. Conversation
17. Present Perfect
18. For and Since with the Present Perfect
19. Recap
20. Recap
page 3
page 5
page 8
page 17
page 19
page 25
page 28
page 32
page 35
page 43
page 47
page 54
page 57
page 59
page 64
.Reading material
.Irregular verbs
page 68
page 71
1. THE ENGLISH ALPHABET
Letter
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
Letter name
a
bee
cee
dee
e
ef (eff as a verb)
gee
aitch
haitch
i
jay
jy
kay
el or ell
em
en
o
pee
cue
ar
ess (es-)
tee
u
vee
double-u
ex
wy or wye
zed
zee
izzard
Pronunciation
/eɪ/
/biː/
/siː/
/diː/
/iː/
/ɛf/
/dʒiː/
/eɪtʃ/
/heɪtʃ/
/aɪ/
/dʒeɪ/
/dʒaɪ/
/keɪ/
/ɛl/
/ɛm/
/ɛn/
/oʊ/
/piː/
/kjuː/
/ɑr/
/ɛs/
/tiː/
/juː/
/viː/
/ˈdʌbəl.juː/
/ɛks/
/waɪ/
/zɛd/
/ziː/
/ˈɪzərd/
ENGLISH NUMERALS
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
zero (nought)
one
two
three
four
five
six
seven
eight
9 nine
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
ten
eleven
twelve
thirteen
fourteen
fifteen (note "f", not "v")
sixteen
seventeen
eighteen (only one "t")
19 nineteen
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
twenty
thirty
forty (no "u")
fifty (note "f", not "v")
sixty
seventy
eighty (only one "t")
90 ninety (note the "e")
21
twenty-one
900
nine hundred
25
twenty-five
1,000
one thousand
32
thirty-two
2,000
two thousand
58
fifty-eight
10,000
ten thousand
64
sixty-four
11,000
eleven thousand
79
seventy-nine
20,000
twenty thousand
83
eighty-three
21,000
twenty-one thousand
99
ninety-nine
30,000
thirty thousand
100 one hundred
85,000
eighty-five thousand
200 two hundred
100,000
one hundred thousand
999,000
nine
hundred
and
ninety-nine thousand
1,000,000
one million
10,000,000
ten million
1,000,000,000
One billion
DAYS OF THE WEEK
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday Thursday Friday
i.e. On Manday I am going to a party.
page 4
Saturday
Sunday
2 Greetings Introductions Jobs About me In
this
section
you
will
learn
how
to
introduce
yourself,
learn
how
to
greet
people
and
ask
and
answer
questions
about
others
and
yourself.
Hello!
–
is
more formal
Hi!
–
is
informal
Greetings
with
parts
of
the
day
Please
note
these
are
formal:
Good
Morning
–
from
the
start
of
the
morning
to
midday
Good
Afternoon
–
from
midday
Good
Evening
–
from
5pm
Good
Night
–
before
you
go
to
bed
Goodbye
–
is
more
formal
Bye!
‐
is
more
informal
See
you
later
–
is
more
informal
See
you
soon
–
is
more informal
Nice
to
meet
you/Pleased
to
meet
you
How
are
you?
–
both
formal
and
informal
How
is
it
going?
‐
more
informal
How
are
you
doing?
My
name
is____________________
I’m
__________________
(and
this
is______________)
I’m
fine
thanks,
and
you?
It’s
going
OK
I’m
doing
well
thank
you
Where
are
you
from?
How
old
are
you?
What
do
you
do?
I’m
from____________/I’m_________________
I’m____________
years
old
I’m
a….
Student
Lawyer
________
____________
Doctor/Intern
Shop
Assistant
____________________
Secretary
Waiter/Waitress
____________________
Nurse
Actor/Actress
____________________
page 5
1. Match the phrases below. One phrase has been completed for you. How
are
you?
I’m
from
Canada
How
old
are
you?
It’s
going
OK
What
is
your
name?
I’m
26
years
old
What
do
you
do?
I’m
fine
thanks
How’s
it
going?
Pleased
to
meet
you
too
Where
are
you
from?
My
name
is
Stephen
Nice
to
meet
you
I’m
a
doctor.
2. Interview two people from your class. Write their information below: Name:
Name:
Age:
Age:
From:
From:
Job:
Job:
3. Read the following conversation between three people: Mark:
Hi!
What’s
your
name?
Maria:
I’m
Maria
and
this
is
Lucy.
What’s
your
name?
Mark:
My
name
is
Mark.
So where
are
you
from?
Maria:
I’m
from
Catania
Lucy:
And
I’m
from
Australia.
What about you? Mark:
I
was
born
in
Germany
but
I
live
in
Syracuse.
What
do
you
do?
Lucy:
I’m
a
Nurse
Maria:
And
I’m
an
Italian
Teacher.
What
do
you
do
Mark?
Mark:
I’m
a
scientist.
Anyway,
pleased
to
meet
you.
Lucy
and
Maria:
Nice
to
meet
you
too!
page 6
4. Fill in the table below: Name From Job Mark
Australia
Italian
Teacher
Is
the
conversation
formal
or
informal?
6. New Expressions So What about you? Anyway Read the following conversation between two people: David:
Good
Morning
Jenny:
Hello!
I
want
to
do
an
English
course
please
David:
OK
–
what
is
your
name
please?
Jenny:
Jenny
Smith
–
J‐E‐N‐N‐Y
S‐M‐I‐T‐H
David:
Thank
you.
And
how
old
are
you
Jenny?
Jenny:
I’m
16.
Do
you
have
Evening
Classes?
David:
Yes.
You
can
start
tomorrow
if
you
want?
Jenny.
Great!
Thank
you.
Goodbye!
David:
Goodbye!
7. Questions What
did
Jenny
want?
When
does
she
want
to
do
the
courses?
Is
the
conversation
formal
or
informal?
8. Homework Write
a
short
presentation
‘About
Me’.
page 7
3. Months
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
i.e. In January it usually snows
Seasons
Winter
Spring
Summer
Autumn
i.e. In the Summer I go to the beach every day
Dates
In 2012 Juventus won the Italian league
In lingua inglese gli anni vengono pronunciati due cifre alla volta.
i.e. 1995 → nineteen ninety-five
Tuttavia nel caso di anni compresi tra inizio secolo e i nove anni successivi si
pronuncia la migliaia seguita da and e l'ultimo numero.
i.e. 2001 → two thousand and one 2002 → two thousand and two …
Inoltre nel caso di una data completa (giorno, mese e anno) la preposizione cambia
In 25th August 2012 Juventus won the Italian league
On 25th August 2012 Juventus won the Italian league
page 8
*Nonostante le date complete vengano pronunciate mettendo the davanti al giorno
(in questo caso: on the 25th August 2012 Juventus won the Italian league), nella
forma scritta il the viene omesso.
Expressions of time
Past
yesterday
last week
an hour ago
recently
a little while ago
a long time ago
in the past
this morning
Present
today
this week
now
as we speak
at this moment
these days
nowadays
at this time
page 9
Future
tomorrow
next week
in an hour
soon
in the near future
way off in the future
eventually
later this evening
. IL PAST SIMPLE
Verbi regolari
Il Past Simple dei verbi regolari si forma aggiungendo –ed all’infinito senza to. Con I verbi terminanti in –esi aggiunge solo –d.
I enjoyed thefilm.(da enjoy)
Il film mi è piaciuto
I loved themusic (da love)
La musica mi è piaciuta molto.
La forma del Past Simple è la stessa per tutte le persone FI loved,you loved,heloved,ecc.+
Ortografia
I verbi in –y preceduta da consonante cambiano –y in –ied:
Try – Tried
Cry – Cried
I verbi che terminano con una sola consonante preceduta da una sola vocale accentata raddoppiano la consonante finale:
Regret – Regretted
Fit – Fitted
Stop – Stopped
Verbi irregolari
Alcuni esempi:
Past Simple Participio Passato
Eat FMangiare+ Ate Eaten
Drink FBere+ Drank Drunk
WakeFSvegliare/Svegliarsi+ Woke Woken
I paradigmi dei verbi irregolari si imparano con lo studio e con l’uso.
Forme interrogative
Le forme interrogative si formano con did + soggetto + infinito senza to
page 10
Didyouenjoythefilm?Didyoudrinkallthemilk?
Ti/Vièpiaciutoilfilm?Hai/Avetebevutotuttoillatte?
Whatdidyoudoyesterday?Whydidsheleave?
Checosahai/avetefattoieri?Perchéèpartita/seneèandata?
NonsiusadidquandoWho/Whatecc.Fungonodasoggetto.
Whophoned?
Chihatelefonato?
Formenegative
Leformenegativesiformanocondidnotel’infinitosenzato.Nelparlatoeneitestiscrittiinformalididnotsicontraeindidn’t.
Thecoatdidn’tfitme.Caroldidn’teatverymuch.
Ilcappottononmiandavabene.Carolnonhamangiatomolto.
Ilverbobeèirregolare.Ilparadigmaè:be(infinito)was/were(PastSimple)been(participiopassato).
LevocidelPastSimplesono:
Formaaffermativa:
I/he/she/itwas
You/we/they/were
Formanegativa:
I/he/she/itwasnot(wasn’t)you/we/theywerenot(weren’t)
Formainterrogativa:
WasI/he/she/it?Wereyou/we/they?
ItwasverycoldlastSunday.
Era/Estatomoltofreddodomenicascorsa.
Wherewereyouyesterdayafternoon?
Dov’eri/Doveseistatoieripomeriggio?
Ilverbohaveèirregolare.Ilparadigmaè:have(infinito)had(PastSimple)had(participiopassato).DisolitononsiusagotnelPastSimple.
Annhadacarwhenshewasastudent.
Annavevalamacchinaquandoerastudentessa
Didyouwritethereportyesterday?Non,Ididn’thavetime.
Haiscrittolarelazioneieri?No.Nonhoavutotempo.
Whattimedidyouhavesupperlastnight?
Acheorahai/avetecenatoierisera?
page 11
IlPastSimple:Significato
IlPastSimpledescriveazioni,situazioniostatideterminatinelpassato.Puoessereaccompagnatodauncomplementocheindicauntempoc
Ienjoyedthefilmwesawlastnight.
Mièpiaciutoilfilmcheabbiamovistoierisera.
WelistenedtosomenewCDsyesterdayafternoon.
AbbiamoascoltatodeiCDnuoviieripomeriggio.
IlPastSimpledescriveancheazioniabitualidelpassato.Intalcase,sitraduceconl’imperfetto.
Everydaywegotupearlyandwenttothebeach.
Ognigiornocialzavamoprestoeandavamoallaspiaggia.
page 12
Esercizi
1 Completa ogni frase con il Past Simple del verbo tra parentesi
a) Tom (look) …..................... out of the window.
b) We (take) ….................... the bus from the airport to the city centre.
c) Laura (read)........................ the book all afternoon.
d) Kate (close) ….................... all the windows and doors.
e) Sam (live) …................................ in a cottage in the country.
f) An old friend (come) …............................... to see me yesterday.
g) I (see) …............................. an interesting film last night.
h) Sue (wait)............................. for her friends for more than an hour.
i) Ruth (bring) …....................... her sister to my party.
j) The bus (stop)............................ opposite the school.
2 A partire da ogni affermazione scrivi una domanda.
a) Tim wrote a lot. (Tim) …........................................?
b) Sam got up early. (Sam) ….........................................?
c) Helen wanted to make a phone call. (Helen) …...........................................?
d) Paul found the missing money. (Paul) …..........................................?
e) Bill missed the bus. (Bill) …........................................?
f) George ate a sandwich. (George) …...............................................?
g) Jim opened the window. (Jim) …...........................................?
h) Emma helped the teacher. (Emma) …..............................................?
i) Alice won a prize. (Alice) …............….......................?
j) Robert enjoyed the film. (Robert) …......................................?
3 Completa le frasi con il Past Simple di be o have. Usa le parole tra parentesi
a) Lord Nelson …..................... a famous English admiral.
page 13
b) What (you) ….................... for breakfast this morning?
c) I (not)........................ many toys when I.............. a child.
d) (you) ….................... at home yesterday evening?
e) The party ….............. super. We.................. a lot of fun.
f) Mother (not) …............................... very happy with my school report.
g) Rod …............................. an accident yesterday.
h) We ............................. in the park when it started to rain.
i) There (not) …....................... many people at the conference.
j) I liked that shirt, but I (not)............................ enough money to buy it.
4 Usa la forma negativa di ciascuno dei verbi elencati per scrivere una frase che
abbia lo stesso significato della prima
Close
fit
forget
get up
like
miss
pass
a) David caught the train.
…..........................................
b) Paula remembered her homework.
…..........................................
c) The lesson continued.
…...............................................
d) John opened the door.
…...............................................
e) Jean failed the French exam.
…...............................................
f) Tim's new trousers were too big.
…...............................................
page 14
sit down
stop
win
g) Terry stayed in bed.
…...............................................
h) Karen hated Chinese food.
…...............................................
i) Chris's team lost the match.
…...............................................
j) I stood up on the bus all the way home.
…...................................................
5 Trova gli errori nelle forme verbali e scrivi le frasi corrette
a) Where did you went last night?
…...............................................
b) I didn't knew the answer.
…...............................................
c) Sue maked a lot of noise.
…...............................................
d) I didn't liked my new teacher.
…...............................................
e) Took you your medicine?
…...............................................
f) Helen comed home late last night.
…...............................................
g) I didn't got up early this morning.
…...............................................
h) What did you saw at the cinema
…...............................................?
page 15
6 Compleata le frasi con il Past Simple dei verbi tra parentesi
a) When (you, arrive) …..…........................... in this country?
b) Jack (not turn on)….........….................... the television.
c) Pat (leave) .................................... his coat in the hall.
d) How many pages (you write)..........................?
e) What (the teacher say) …................................ ?
f) (you tell) ….................................... Tim the answer?
g) (you go) ….................................... to the basketball match yesterday?
h) Ann (not know).................................. the other girl's name.
i) Which books (you take)…............................ to school?
j) (Jane phone) ….............................. you last night?
page 16
4 Holidays
–
The
Past
Simple
in
Use
Key
Expressions
Last
year/month/week
Yesterday
In
+
year/month
I
went
to
The
summer
holidays
The
beach
The
mountains
A
camping
holiday
Holiday
house
A
group/family
holiday
I
went
by
myself/with
my
It
was…
family/friends
fantastic/terrible/hot/cold/exciting/boring
Museums
On
the
first
day
It
rained/It
was
sunny/It
was
In
the
morning/afternoon/evening
cloudy
At
night
I
had
a
I
enjoyed
it/myself
great/good/average/terrible
time!
I
hated
it!
For
____
day(s)/week(s)/month(s)
Spend
+
time
Read the example below and then describe your last holiday Giovanni: Last
year
in
July
I
went
to
Paris.
I
went
with
my
family
to
visit
some
museums
and
to
visit
my
sister
who
lives
there. On
the
first
day
it
rained,
but
it
didn’t
matter
because
we
visited
the
Louvre.
It
was
enormous!
We
spent
all
day
there,
and
in
the
evening
we
went
to
a
restaurant
in
the
city
centre.
I
ate
coq
au
vin,
which
is
a
typical
French dish. I
had
a
great
time!
Where
did
Giovanni
go
on
holiday?
Who
did
he
go
with?
In
line
2,
what
does
‘there’
refer
to?
What
do
you
think
dish
means?
Now describe your last holiday. Remember to keep your phrases short! Ask your partner where he/she went on his/her holiday using the questions below. Write their answers in the spaces provided: Where
did
you
go?
Who
did
you
go
with?
How
long
did
you
go
for?
What
did
you
do?
Did
you
enjoy
it?
page 17
Read
the
follow
extracts
and
decide
which
hotels
they
went
to.
Julian:
Last
year,
I
went
to
Spain
to
relax
on
the
beach.
I
went
by
myself,
but
I
met
my
friends
who
live
there.
The
hotel
was
fantastic,
it
had
a
swimming
pool
and
wifi
in
my
room.
The
staff
were
really
great
and
they
spoke
in
English
so
I
could
understand them.
Anna:
In
September
I
went
on
a
group
holiday
to
Morocco.
The
hotel
was
really
cheap
and
full
of
young
people.
The
hotel
helped
us
book
a
hiking
tour
in
the
Atlas
Mountains
and
gave
us information
about
the
city.
We
had
a really great
time.
Emma:
I
remember
my
holiday.
It
was
in
1998
and
I
went
by
myself
to
London.
I
wanted
to
practice
my
English
and
I
wanted
to
stay
in
a
cheap
place
where
I
could
meet
people.
The
hotel
was
really
dirty,
and
the
food
was
terrible.
The
weather
was
OK,
but
it
was
not
hot
like
it
is
in
Sicily.
I
had
a
terrible
time!
Joshua:
In
the
summer
holidays
I
went
to
Australia
with
my
family
for
a
month.
The
hotel
was
disappointing,
the
website
said
they
had
internet
access
but
when
we
arrived
it
was
broken.
On
the
website,
the
hotel
said
the
rooms
were
‘spacious’
but
when
we
got
there
they
were
tiny!
In
the
end
we
changed
our
hotel
and
had
a
good
time.
1. Do
you
want
a cheap place to
stay
in
the
UK?
Come
to
the
Hotel
Ritss
in
London
where
you don’t have to spend
a
lot
of
money
to
visit
the
city.
We
have
lots
of
clients
so
you
can
meet
new
people.
You
can
enjoy
our
traditional
British
cuisine
and
sleep
in
our
tidy
rooms.
2. At
our
four
star
residence
on
the
beach
you
can
enjoy
free
wifi
in
your
bedroom
and
our
beautiful
swimming
pool.
All
our
staff
speak
English
and
can
help
you
with
anything
–
from
hiking
to
biking!
Give us a call!
3. Do
you
want
a
place
near
the
beach
where
you
can
relax
and
surf the ‘net? Search
for
us
on
the
internet
–
Oz
Hotel,
where
you
can
sleep
in
our
spacious
and
well‐designed
rooms.
4. If
you
are
a
student,
book a
room
in
our
Youth
Hostel.
Our
staff
will
give
you
information
about
the
city
and
can
book
your
hiking
tour
in
the
nearby mountains.
If
you
are
on
a
group
holiday,
this
is
the
perfect
place
for
you!
page 18
5 Auxiliaries (Verbi Ausiliari)
In lingua inglese I verbi ausiliari hanno le seguenti proprietà.
–
Formano le frasi negative al presente e al passato senza l'aggiunta di don't,
doesn't e didn't
i.e. She isn't a bad person
–
Formano le frasi interrogative al presente e al passato senza l'aggiunta di do,
does e did
i.e. Are you ready?
–
I wasn't happy
Can you swim?
Were you there?
Per formare il presente e il passato hanno generalmente delle forme proprie
i.e. John is tall
Mike had a dog when I was a child
page 19
•
La forma negativa si costruisce con do not e il verbo all'infinito senza to. Alla terza
persona singolare si usa does not nello stesso modo.
I do not work
she does not work
Io non lavoro
lei non lavora
Nel parlato e nei testi scritti informali si usano le forme contratte don't e doesn't.
I don't work
she doesn't work
Quando si usa?
•
Realtà che sono sempre vere/ verità assolute
The sun rises in the east
Il sole sorge a est.
•
Azioni abituali
Every day I wake up at 7.30
Ogni mattina mi alzo alle 7:30.
page 21
IL PRESENTE (PRESENT SIMPLE) forma3interrogativa
• LeCformeCinterrogativeCdelCPresentCSimpleCsiCcostruisconoCconCdo3seguitoCdalCsoggettoCe
dalCverboCall'infinitoCsenzaCto.3AllaCterzaCpersonaCsiCusaCdoes3invece:
Do you3work?3
Does he3work?
• Forma3interrogativa3negativa:
Don't you3work?
Doesn't he3work?
• SiCusaCdo/does ancheCnelleCdomandeCcheCinizianoCconCWhen,3What,3Why,3Where,3How
etc...:
What do you3want?3 Where does she3live?
• Tuttavia,CseCWho/What etc..CfungonoCdaCsoggettoCnonCsiCusaCdo/does:
Who lives here?3
Which of you speaks English?
Quando usiamo il Present Simple?
• PerCesprimereCazioniCabituali
Every3day3I3get up at37:303AM.
• PerCesprimereCunaCveritàCassoluta
The3sun3rises in3the3east
• PerCcomunicareCfattiCpersonali
John3loves ice-cream.
• ConCilCPresentCsimpleCsiCusanoCspessoCgliCavverbiCdiCfrequenza:
page 22
always--> I always get up at 7:00.
often--> Pat often goes to the cinema.
usually --> It usually rains when I go on holiday!
sometimes--> We sometimes eat pizza for lunch.
rarely --> Jane rarely listens to jazz.
never --> My bus never arrives on time.
•Il verbo have, spesso seguito da got, corrisponde al verbo avere in italiano con
accezione di possesso:
Forma affermativa:
I/you/we/they have (got)
he/she/it has (got)
Forma negativa:
I/you/we/they haven't (got)
he/she/it has't (got)
Forma interrogativa:
have I/you/we/they (got)?
Has he/she/it (got)?
•Secondo le regole del British English, come riportato quì sopra, essendo have un verbo
ausiliare come be non necessita nella costruzione di negative e interrogative di do e does
tuttavia nell'inglese americano il verbo have viene usato come un verbo qualunque e usa
per tanto do e does nelle negative e nelle interrogative.
*Nota Bene: il verbo have è ausiliare solo quando esprime possesso !
Esempio: I haven't a car --> possesso
I don't usually have lunch --> uso particolare (fare colazione)
Exercises
Put the verbs into the correct form.
page 23
1. I (to like)
lemonade very much.
2. The girls always (to listen)
to pop music.
3. Janet never (to wear)
jeans.
4. Mr Smith (to teach)
Spanish and French.
5. You (to do)
your homework after school.
Simple present with 'have' and 'be'
Fill in the correct form of the verbs.
1. We (to have)
a nice garden.
2. She (to be)
six years old.
3. Simon (to have)
4. I (to be)
two rabbits and five goldfish.
from Vienna, Austria.
5. They (to be)
Sandy's parents.
Negative Sentences
Make negative sentences.
1. My father makes breakfast. →
2. They are eleven. →
3. She writes a letter. →
4. I speak Italian. →
5. Danny phones his father on Sundays. →
Questions
Make questions.
1. you / to speak / English →
2. when / he / to go / home →
3. they / to clean / the bathroom →
4. where / she / to ride / her bike →
5. Billy / to work / in the supermarket →
page 24
6 Daily Routines and Free Time Key Vocabulary Wake
up/Get
up
Have
Breakfast
Have
a
shower/bath
Go
to
work/university
Have
Lunch
Go
home
Have
dinner
Go
to
bed/sleep
at
0800
0830
0915
1020
1.35pm
2.40pm
6.45pm
10.50pm
Eight
o’clock
Eight
thirty
Nine
fifteen
Twenty
past
ten
Twenty‐five
to
two
Twenty
to
three
Quarter
to
Seven
Ten
to
Eleven
1st Person Conjugation I
wake
up
at
__________
I
have
breakfast
at
_____________
I
go
to
work/university
at
___________
I
have
lunch
at
__________
I
go
home
at
___________
I
have
dinner
at
________
I
go
to
bed/sleep
at
_________
1. In pairs, ask each other about your daily routines. Write the answers on the next page. Forming a question What
time
do
you
get
up?
When
do
you
have
breakfast/lunch/dinner?
When
do
you
go
home/to
university/to
bed/to
sleep?
1
page 25
Follow
the
examples
below,
then
try
to
write
out
your
own
phrases:
(Example) _____Carmelo___________
gets
up
at
_____0830__________
_________
has
breakfast
at
_________
_________
goes
to
work
at
_________
2. Listen to and read Maria’s routine. Then answer the questions below the text. Maria:
“I
normally
wake
up
at
eight
o’clock.
I
have
a
shower
then
I
have
breakfast.
I
often
eat
a
bowl of cereal
and
I
usually
drink
a
cup
of
coffee.
Then, I
go
to
work
at
thirty.
I
never
have
lunch
before
1
o’clock
in
the
afternoon,
because
I’m
so
busy
at
work.
I
go
home
at
seven
o’clock,
and
I
have
dinner
at
eight.
I
read
a
book
then
I
go
to
bed
at
ten
o’clock
because
I’m
so
tired.”
What
time
does
Maria
wake
up?
What
does
she
have
for
breakfast?
Why
does
Maria
never
have
lunch
before
1
o’clock?
What
does
Maria
do
before
she
goes
to
bed?
How
does
Maria
feel
at
the
end
of
the
day?
2
page 26
Stefano:
I
get
up
at
10.30
and
normally
have
to
run
to catch the bus because
I
am
always
running late. I
arrive
at
university
at
around 11
o’clock.
I
have
a
late
lunch
at
3
o’clock
for
a
couple of hours. After
lunch
I
go
home
to
study.
I
have
dinner
and
then
get ready to go out. I
meet
my
friends
in
the
city
centre
until midnight when
I
go
home
and
go
straight to bed. Why
does
Stefano
have
to
run
to
catch
the
bus?
When
does
Stefano
go
home?
Where
does
Stefano
meet
his
friends?
What
does
he
do
when
he
goes
back
home
at
night?
3
page 27
7 IL PRESENT Continuous
·Il Present continuous si forma con il presente di be seguito dal verbo in -ing.
I am relaxing?
he is relaxing?
·I verbi in -e perdono la -e quando si aggiunge -ing:
like liking
decide deciding
write writing
·I verbi monosillabici che terminano con una consonante preceduta da una sola vocale
raddoppiano la consonante quando si aggiunge -ing:
sit sitting
swim swimming
dig digging
·I verbi in -ie cambiano -ie in -y.
lie lying
tie
tying
die dying
Quando usiamo il Present Continuous?
·Per esprimere azioni che accadono al momento
What are you doing? We are playing cards
·Per riferirsi a un'azione prossima nel futuro e già stabilita
I am going to the beach tomorrow
·Con always quando ci si lamenta di azioni o situazioni ricorrenti e fastidiose
You are always forgetting your keys!
page 28
Esercizi
1 Completa le frasi con il Present Continuous dei verbi tra parentesi
aDfSamfHdrinkDf…/////////////////////fsomefmilk/
bDfYoufHnotFflistenDf…////////////////////ftofmev
cDfWhyfHyouFflookD////////////////////////fatfmeflikefthat?
dDfMikefHnotFfstayDf…////////////////////fatfthisfhotel/
eDfYoufHsitDf…////////////////////////////////finfmyfplacev
fDfWefHhaveDf…///////////////////////////////fafgoodftime/
gDfIfcan2tftalkfnow/fIfHwashDf…/////////////////////////////fmyfhair/
hDfWhofHtalkD/////////////////////////////?
iDfWhatfHyouFwriteDf…///////////////////////?
jDfItfHsnowD////////////////////////////fnow/
2 Volgi le seguenti frasi alla forma interrogativa.
aDfI2mfmakingftoofmuchfnoise/f…////////////////////////////////////////?
bDfHelenfisfreading/f …/////////////////////////////////////////?
cDfYoufarefhavingfafgoodftime/f
…///////////////////////////////////////////?
dDfItfisfsnowing/f …//////////////////////////////////////////?
eDfYoufarefwaitingfinfthefrightfplace/f …////////////////////////////////////////?
fDfYoufarefsittingfhere/f …///////////////////////////////////////////////?
gDfDavidfisfenjoyingftheffilm/f …///////////////////////////////////////////?
hDfThefbusfisfstopping/f
…//////////////////////////////////////////////?
iDfTomfandfJimfarefstudying/f …////////////…///////////////////////?
jDfThosefgirlsfarefspeakingfFrench/f …//////////////////////////////////////?
3 Da ogni coppia scegli la parola scritta correttamente.
aDfwriting/writtingf
bDfhaving/haveingf
page 29
cDfwasheing/washing
d) diging/digging
g) takeing/taking
l) decideing/deciding
e) lieing/lying
f) riding/rideing
h) readding/reading
i) flying/flyeing
m) useing/using
n) waitting/waiting
4 Scegli la soluzione corretta.
a) Jean is swimming/swiming in the ppol at the moment.
b) Why you are/are you putting on your coat?
c) Hurry up! We're/Wer'e waiting for you.
d) Clare not is/is not doing her homework at the moment.
e) What you are/are you reading?
f) Look outside! Its/It's raining!
g) Paula is studying/studing economics in Germany.
h) Bob is watching/Is Bob watching television?
i) I can't come now. I'm writting/writing a letter.
j) Jack is'nt/isn't having a very good time.
5 Esprimi il futuro mettendo i verbi al Present Continuous
a) What (you do) ….......................... this evening.
b) I (not come) …........................... to school tomorrow!
c) Tina (go).............................. to Italy next week?
d) (you have) ….......................... a party this week?
e) We (not go) ….................................... home on the bus after school.
f) (Mrs Simpson teach) …............................... us today?
g) Catherine and George (not arrive) ….................................. tomorrow.
h) (Tom go)................................ to the football match tomorrow?
i) Ann (not work) …............................. on Friday
j) (you leave).................................. this afternoon?
page 30
6 Compleata le frasi scegliendo tra i verbi elencati
come
have
cook
leave
do
meet
get
stay
go
work
a) I've enjoyed my holiday here , but …..…........................... home tomorrow
b) Mark ….........….................... a party on his birthday.
c) Some friends .................................... to stay with me next week.
d) …......................... anything tonight? Would you like to come to the cinema?
e) What time …................................ in the morning? Do you want me to take you to the
airport?
f) Don't forget. You ….................................... dinner this evening. It's your turn!
g) I can't see you at 4.30. I …................................ some friends at that time.
h) Helen and Mike.................................. married in June.
i) …............................ tomorrow? Or have you got a free day?
j) I haven't got any lessons tomorrow, so I ….............................. at home.
7 Traduci in inglese
a) Io esco, tu vieni?
b) Il Milan gioca a Liverpool mercoledì prossimo.
c) “Dov'è Philip?” “è in camera sua. Dorme”
d) Ciao, Bill. Che fai qui? Aspetti qualcuno?
e) Stanno costruendo una chiesa nuova.
f) Cosa fate domani sera?
g) Tim mangia continuamente caramelle.
h) Il direttore è fuori. Sta pranzando con Mr. Swan.
i) Lisa parte la settimana prossima.
j) Piove. Non hai un ombrello?
page 31
EDB
ElementaryGroupWVL?
8.PresentSimple(“TheAbstractPresent”)
Weuseittotalkabout:
• Habitualactions
• Emotionsorthoughts
Keywords:Adverbsoffrequency
• Always.normally.usually.often.sometimes.hardlyever.never
• Once’twice’threetimesaday’week’month’year
• Everyday.everyweek.everymonth.everyyear
Structure:
Affirmative:SubjectIbaseformofverb
jIplay.youeat.he’she’itrunsetcN+
Negative:SubjectIdo’doesInotIbaseform
jIdonot’don’teatfish.Hedoesnot’doesn’teatfishetcN+
Interrogative:QuestionwordIdo’doesIsubjectIbaseform
jDoyouplayfootball?Doesshegotoschool?EtcN+
PresentContinuous(“TheConcretePresent”)
Weuseittotalkabout:
• Actionsthattakeplacewhilewearespeaking
• Temporaryactions
Keywords:
• Atthemoment.now
VerbsthatcannotbeformedinthePresentContinuous:
• State:be.cost.mean.fit.suit
• Possession:have.belong
• Senses:feel.hear.touch.taste.see
• Obligation:need
• Feelings:hate.hope.like.love.prefer.regret.want.wish
• Brainwork:believe.work.know.understand
• Introductoryclausesfordirectspeech:answer.ask.reply.say
?
page 32
EDB
Elementary
Group
W3L1
Structure
Affirmative:
Subject
+
be
+
gerund
(verb
+
ing)
(I
am
playing,
She
is
playing,
We
are
playing
etc.)
Negative:
Subject
+
be
+
not
+
gerund
(I
am
not
playing,
he
is
not
playing
etc.)
Interrogative:
Be
+
subject
+
gerund
(Am
I
playing?
Are
they
playing?)
Exercises Present Perfect versus Present Continuous 1. Circle the correct form of the verbs A)
Do
you
usually
cycle
/
Are
you
usually
cycling
to
school?
B)
I
need
/
am
needing
some
cash
to
buy
some
new
clothes
C)
She
hopes
/
is
hoping
she
does
well
in
this
test
D)
On
Thursday,
we
often
are
going/go
to
the
cinema
E)
Maria
is
wanting/wants
to
improve
her
English
F)
How
often
are
you
playing/do
you
play
football?
G)
How
much
does
it
cost/is
it
costing?
H)
What
do
you
do/are
you
doing
at
the
moment?
J)
She
is
wanting/wants
to
live
abroad
K)
“I
am
not
doing/don’t
do
anything
at
the
moment”,
he
says/is
saying
L)
I
am
not
knowing/do
not
know
the
answer
to
this
question
M)
Sometimes,
they
eat/are
eating
dinner
together
N)
Do
you/are
you
believing
in
God?
O)
He
normally
is
not
reading/does
not
read
that
many
books
2
page 33
EDB
Elementary
Group
W3L1
2. Complete the sentences. Put the verbs in brackets in the present simple or present continuous form. A)
We
________________________
(prefer)
to
travel
by
plane
than
by
car
B)
________________________
(Do)
he
normally
act
like
that?
C)
I
can’t
talk
right
now,
I
________________________
(do)
my
homework
D)
What
________________________
(be)
are
you
doing
at
the
moment?
E)
“What
time
is
it?”
she
________________________
(ask)
“It’s
four
o’clock”
he
‐
________________________(reply)
F)
I’m
sorry,
I
can’t
call
you,
I
________________________
(drive)
at
the
moment
G)
“How
often
________________________
(you,
go)
out
clubbing?”
H)
________________________
(it,
rain)
at
the
moment?
I)
I
________________________
(go)
skiing
twice
a
year,
in
the
winter
J)
She
________________________
(like,
not)
eating
meat,
she’s
a
vegetarian
K)
________________________
(You,
be)
working
at
the
moment?
L)
________________________
(You,
be)
busy?
M)
________________________
(They,
be)
going
clubbing
tonight,
they
have
to
study.
O)
________________________
often
________________________
(She,
go)
to
University
by
foot.
3
page 34
9 GliArticoli
·Nomisenzaarticolo
Disolito,igruppinominalicheindicanocategoriegeneralinonsonoprecedutidall'articolo
the.
•
Nomiplurali
Dogsarenotallowedinthisshop
Icaninonpossonoentrareinquestonegozio
Ilikewildflowers
Mipiaccionoifioriselvatici
*Confronta
TheDogsnextdoorbarkallnight
Icanidelvicinoabbaianotuttalanotte
•
Nonnumerabili
Milk isgoodforyou.
Illattefabene
Ilikestillmineralwater
Mipiacel'acquanaturaleminerale
*Confronta
Themilkonthetopshelfisfat-free.
Illattesulripianoinaltoèsenzagrassi
Questogruppocomprendetral'altro
-Ideeastratte
War isaterriblething
-Alimenti
Ilovechocolate.Idon'tlikeorangejuice.
page 35
- Lingue
Spanish is spoken by about 300 million people.
-Materiali
This chair is made of plastic and leather.
- Verbi sostantivati
•
Learning a foreign language is not a child's play.
Luoghi ed edifici per I quali si intende la funzione che svolgono.
Jim is in prison
Jim è in prigione
*Confronta
My company is repairing the prison
La mia ditta sta riparando la prigione
Ecco alcuni dei casi più frequenti:
be in/go to hospital, prison, bed, class, court, work, school, church, university, sea
be at home, go home
•
Nazioni, stati e città.
Mary comes from France.
Mary viene dalla Francia.
Great Britain is a big island.
La Gran Bretagna è una grande isola.
N.B. Le nazioni che hanno un nome plurale o che comprendono più paesi sono
precedute da the
the Netherlands
•
the Philippines
the United Kingdom
the USA
Vie e strade.
I bought this dress from a shop in Bond Street.
Ho comprato questo abito in un negozio di Bond Street.
N.B. Si usa the solo difronte a High Street (La strada principale di una città)
page 36
•
I nomi di persona anche preceduti da titoli.
Carol
Mr Parker
Lady Coventry
N.B. Si usa the solo con of: The minister of Communications
•
I nomi dei pasti in generale
Dinner is at 7.30
La cena è alle 7:30
Ma: At the end of the conference there was a dinner.
Alla fine del convegno ci fu una cena
The dinner they serve here is really fantastic
La cena che servono quì è veramente eccellente.
•
Nomi geografici
We visited Lake Vittoria. It's in East Africa.
Abbiamo visitato il lago Vittoria. È nell'Africa orientale
•
Mezzi di trasporto in generale
We went there by bus/ by car/ by train.
Ci siamo andati in autobus/auto/ treno.
N.B. Ricordati che andare a piedi si dice: to go on foot
•
L'articolo indeterminativo a/an
L'articolo indeterminativo a/an si riferisce a un solo elemento, oppure a qualcosa di
indefinito, non specificato.
page 37
I've got a brother and a sister
Ho un fratello e una sorella
Tim works in a factory
Tim lavora in una fabrica
•
Nelle descrizioni o definizioni generali si può usare a/an, oppure il plurale senza
articolo.
An ocelot is a wild animal, similar to a leopard.
L'ocelot è un animale selvatico, simile al leopardo
Ocelots are wild animals, similar to leopards.
Gli ocelot sono animali selvatici, simili ai leopardi.
•
Si usa a/an davanti ai nomi che indicano la professione o il carattere di qualcuno..
Peter is a fool!
Peter è uno sciocco!
Mary is an engineer.
Mary è ingegnere.
page 38
Esercizi
1 Scegli la soluzione corretta: articolo o niente articolo
a) Do you like an/---- orange juice?.
b) Tom has got a/--- new leather coat.
c) Kate teaches at a/--- in Leeds.
d) Have you ever been to the/--- Italy?
e) The/--- Chinese is a very difficult language.
f) The/--- love is a wonderful thing!
g) I'm tired. It's time to go to the/--- bed.
h) Could you pass the/--- sugar, please?
i) Harry comes from the/--- United States of America.
j) We went to Scotland by a/--- car.
2 Inserisci a/an o the, oppure lascia uno spazio vuoto dove non va l'articolo.
a) Where's. …..............milk? I thought you bought some.
b) ….............. students must not leave the bags here.
c) Paul went to.…..............................prison for stealing two cars.
d) Is this chair made of…......................wood?
e) It's much quicker on......................foot.
f) I wander what life was like in….............................Ancient Rome.
g) A large crowd welcomed …...........................................?
h) The bus is stopping.
…................................President of the USA.
i) Do you want…............…...sugar in your tea?
j) There has been a fire at…..................prison.
page 39
3 Elimina l'articolo dove non necessario.
a) The English usually eat the lunch at about one o'clock.
b) In the morning I usually drink milk.
c) The teacher who taught us today speaks the English very well.
d) Karen went to the USA by the plane.
e) If we miss the last train we can take the bus.
f) The table in the bedroom is made of the glass.
g) The chocolate is on the top shelf in the cupboard.
h) The parking is not allowed outside the school.
i) The builders are still painting the school.
j) The most important thing in life is the happiness.
4 Traduci in inglese
a) Ti piacciono I bambini?
b) “Dove sono I bambini?” “A scuola.”
c) L'inglese è molto diverso dall'italiano.
d) I cani e I cavalli sono molto intelligenti.
e) “Che cos'è quel vecchio edificio?” “L'università”
f) Non puoi comprare l'amore o l'amicizia.
g) La prima colazione è un pasto importante in Gran Bretagna.
h) Mia madre fa l'infermiera, lavora in ospedale.
i) Hai mai visitato il castello di Windsor?
page 40
Prepositions of Place: at, in, on
In general, we use:
• at for a POINT
• in for an ENCLOSED SPACE
• on for a SURFACE
at
in
on
POINT
ENCLOSED SPACE
SURFACE
at the corner
in the garden
on the wall
at the bus stop
in London
on the
ceiling
at the door
in France
on the door
at the top of the
page
in a box
on the cover
at the end of the
road
in my pocket
on the floor
at the entrance
in my wallet
on the
carpet
at the crossroads
in a building
on the menu
at the front desk
in a car
on a page
Look at these examples:
• Jane is waiting for you at the bus stop.
• The shop is at the end of the street.
• My plane stopped at Dubai and Hanoi and arrived in Bangkok two hours
late.
• When will you arrive at the office?
• Do you work in an office?
• I have a meeting in New York.
• Do you live in Japan?
• Jupiter is in the Solar System.
• The author's name is on the cover of the book.
• There are no prices on this menu.
• You are standing on my foot.
• There was a "no smoking" sign on the wall.
page 41
• I live on the 7th floor at 21 Oxford Street in London.
Notice the use of the prepositions of place at, in and on in these standard
expressions:
at
in
on
at home
in a car
on a bus
at work
in a taxi
on a train
at school
in a helicopter
on a plane
at university in a boat
on a ship
at college
in a lift
(elevator)
on a bicycle, on a
motorbike
at the top
in the
newspaper
on a horse, on an elephant
at the
bottom
in the sky
on the radio, on television
at the side
in a row
on the left, on the right
at reception in Oxford Street
on the way
page 42
Elementary
Group
EDB
Futures
10 The Futures Will • Predictions
It will rain tomorrow Barcelona will win the Champion’s League • Facts
about
the
Future
The airport will be the biggest in Europe
• Offers
and
Requests
I’ll take you to the train station later if you want Will you help me with my English homework?
(Note:
1st
Person
Singular
and
Plural
use
‘Shall’:
Shall I help you with your homework? Shall we take you to the airport?)
Be going to • Intentions
This week I’m going to do a lot of English homework For dinner tonight I’m going to have some chicken • Facts
about
the
Future
The airport is going to be the biggest in Europe
Present Simple for the future • Timetables
The train leaves at 6 o’clock this evening Present Continuous for the future • Arrangements
I’m meeting my boss for lunch tomorrow
page 43
Elementary
Group
EDB
Futures
Exercises  The ‘Will’ Future; Match the right solution with the problem:
1.
I’ve
lost
my
wallet
a)
I’ll
close
the
window.
2.
I’m
freezing
b)
I’ll
help
you
find
it.
3.
I’m
sad
c)
I’ll
open
a
window.
4.
I’ve
got
a
headache
d)
I’ll
make
you
a
sandwich.
5.
I’m
thirsty
e)
I’ll
lend
you
some
money.
6.
My
bags
are
very
heavy.
f)
I’ll
get
you
an
aspirin.
7.
I’m
hungry
g)
I’ll
make
you
some
coffee.
8.
I’m
very
hot
h)
I’ll
get
you
a
drink.
9.
I’m
poor.
i)
I’ll
cheer
you
up.
10.
I’m
really
tired.
j)
I’ll
help
you.
• Write (be going to) + the correct verb in the blanks below: sell
–
ride
–
buy
–
start
–
watch
–
rain
–
walk
–
cook
–
see
–
study
1‐
John
doesn't
like
driving
so
he
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
bike
to
work.
2‐
Helen
sold
her
house
and
now
she
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
another
one.
3‐
Would
you
like
to
buy
my
books?
I
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
them
tomorrow.
4‐
George
has
an
exam
next
week.
He
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
every
day
until
the
exam.
5‐
I'm
hungry.
I
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
cooking
dinner
soon.
6‐
The
clouds
are
black.
It
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐.
7‐
That's
a
good
movie.
I
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
it
tomorrow.
8‐
I'm
not
going
out
tonight.
I
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐TV.
9‐
Can
we
have
lunch
now?
Yes,
I
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
it
in
a
minute.
10‐
Our
car
is
at
the
mechanics.
We
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
to
the
party
tonight.
Present Simple for the Future: Fill
in
the
gaps
using
the
correct
form
of
the
verbs
in
brackets
page 44
Elementary
Group
EDB
Futures
1.
The
train
______
at
eight
o’clock
tomorrow
morning(LEAVE)
2.
The
film
_______
at
nine
o’clock
this
evening
(START)
3.
What
time
______
the
match
start
on
Saturday?
(DO)
4.
When
_____
the
flight
from
Munich
get
in?
(DO)
5.
Tomorrow
____
Wednesday
(BE)
Present Continuous for the Future: A
friend
of
yours
is
planning
to
go
on
holiday
soon.
You
ask
about
her
plans.
Use
the
words
in
brackets
to
make
your
questions.
1.
(Where/go?)
Scotland
2.
(How
long/go
for?)
Ten
days
3.
(When/leave?)
Next
Friday
4.
(Go
/
alone?)
No,
with
a
friend
5.
(Travel/by
car?)
No,
by
train
6.
(Where/stay?)
In
a
hotel.
Mixed Exercises Put
the
verbs
in
brackets
into
the
right
tense:
future
simple
(shall/will),
be
going
to,
present
simple
or
present
continuous
1. Will:
What
time
.............................................
(your
evening
class/finish)?
Liz:
Half
past
nine.
Will:
............................................
(I/come)
and
collect
you?
Liz:
Thanks,
but
I
........................
(meet)
my
sister
for
a
drink.
2. Sandy
and
Alison
are
students
who
have
been
sharing
a
flat.
Sandy
is
leaving
to
do
a
course
abroad.
Sandy:
It’s
hard
to
say
goodbye
after
so
long.
Alison.
We
must
keep
in
touch.
................................................
(you/remember)
to
send
me
your
address
when
you
....................................
(get)
to
the
States?
Sandy:
Of
course.
I
.................................................
(probably/not/have)
time
next
week,
because
my
course
...............................
(start)
the
day
after
I
...............................
(arrive),
and
I
.............................
(spend)
the
weekend
with
some
old
friends
of
my
father’s.
Alison:
Well,
you
can
phone.
Sandy:
Yes,
I
guess
so.
Do
you
know
what
you
....................................
(do)
this
time
next
Sunday?
Alison:
I
.............................................
(get)
ready
to
go
to
London.
Sandy:
OK.
I
...................................
(phone)
about
three
o’clock
next
Sunday.
page 45
Elementary
Group
EDB
Futures
Alison:
Great.
I
.................................
(wait)
for
your
call.
3. Ann:
..................................
(you
two/go)
out?
Bill:
Yes,
why?
Ann:
It’s
just
said
on
the
radio
that
it
..............................
(snow).
Bill:
Oh,
has
it?
I
.................................
(take)
my
big
coat
then.
Joe:
Good
idea.
So
..............
I.
4. Mike:
Mum,
............................................
(you/talk)
to
Dad
for
me?
Mum:
What’s
the
problem?
Mike:
Last
week
he
said
I
could
use
the
car
at
the
weekend
but
now
he
.............................
(not/let)
me
after
all.
I
need
it
to
get
to
the
match
I
..............................
(play)
on
Sunday.
Mum:
OK.
I
...............................
(try)
to
make
him
change
his
mind.
I
expect
he
............................(agree)
when
I
explain.
1.
Tomorrow
they....................................
(drive)
to
New
York.
2.
I
hope
the
weather.............................................
(be)
nice.
3.
I
offered
him
this
job.
I
think
he.........................................
(take)
it.
4.
I
promise
I......................................
(not
tell)
anyone
this
secret.
5.
Take
your
umbrella
with
you.
It..............................................
(rain).
6.
What
are
they........................................
(do)
this
evening?
7.
I......................................
(go)
to
the
cinema
tomorrow.
8.
They.............................................
(fly)
to
Seattle
next
summer
holidays.
9.
I...........................
(invite)
50
people
to
the
party
and
I
hope
everyone
............................
(come).
10.
That
exercise
looks
difficult.
I...............................
(help)
you.
11.
......................he.........................
(go)
to
the
football
match?
12.
Are
you
sure
they........................................
(win)
the
match?
13.
She
probably.....................................
(stay)
until
Thursday.
14.
He.........................................
(not
leave)
tomorrow.
15.
We
think
he........................................
(come)
late
in
the
night.
page 46
11 IL FUTURO (FUTURE)
•
Forme:
Will e Shall
Questa struttura si costruisce con will seguito dal verbo all'infinito senza to.
Forma affermativa: Jane will leave.
Forma interrogativa: Will Jane leave?
Forma negativa: Jane will not leave.
Shall utilizza la stessa costruzione.
Be going to
Il futuro con be going to si costruisce con le voci di be + going + il verbo all'infinito.
Jeane is going to learn to drive
Jean ha intenzione di imparare a guidare
Tim and Ann are going to travel abroad next year.
Tim e Ann faranno dei viaggi all'estero il prossimo anno.
Le forme negative e interrogative si applicano alle voci di be.
Are you going to study?
I am not going to study.
Present Continuous (con significato di futuro)
Il futuro con il Present Continuous si costruisce con le voci di be + il gerundio (forma in
-ing) del verbo in questione.
Are you doing anything on Friday evening?
Fai qualcosa venerdì sera?
page 47
Uso del Futuro:
Bewgoingwto-->esprimewintenzionewowunwfattowimminente-->wIwamwgoignwtowlearnwtowdrivew–
BewcarefulywWewarewgoingwtowcrashy
PWillw/wshallw→wprevisione,wrichiesta,wofferta,wvolontà,weventowprogrammatowdistantewnel
futuro-->wwillwyouwhelpwme?w-wIwthinkwitwwillwrainwtomorrow-wIwwonStwletwyouwgow–wTheywwill
movewtowItalywnextwyear
•
PShallw–>wvienewusatowawvoltewconwlawprimawpersonewpluralewewsingolarewchiedendo
cosawsiwdevewfarewowproponendowqualcosaw→wShallwIwcomewwithwyou?
•
PWillw→wsiwusawsemprewconwdefinitely,wprobably,wperhaps,wowintrodottowdawIwthink,wI
amwsure,wIwexpect
Presentwcontinuous-->wazionewprogrammatawowinwaccordowrelativamentewvicinawnelwtempo.
→wIwamwworkingwtonightw–wIwamwmeetingwherwparentswtomorrow
page 48
Esercizi
1 Riscrivi le frasi inserendo le parole indicate tra parentesi.
a) I'll see you this evening. (perhaps)
…........................................................
b) You'll enjoy the play. (probably)
…........................................................
c) Kate won't mind. (definitely)
…........................................................
d) Our teacher won't notice. (perhaps)
…........................................................
e) I won't be here tomorrow. (definitely)
…........................................................
f) It'll rain later. (probably)
…........................................................
g) The train won't arrive on time. (definitely)
…........................................................
h) There won't be any lessons today. (perhaps)
…........................................................
2 Riscrivi le frasi inserendo le espressioni indicate tra parentesi.
a) It'll be cold tomorrow. (I'm sure)
…........................................................
b) We'll win. (I expect)
…........................................................
c) I'll leave now (I think)
…........................................................
d) Jim won't be late. (I'm sure)
…........................................................
e) It won't take long. (I expect)
…........................................................
page 49
f) You won't have any problems. (I think)
…........................................................
g) You'll enjoy the party. (I'm sure)
…........................................................
h) They won't decide anything yet. (I think)
…........................................................
i) The weather won't change. (I expect)
…........................................................
j) The new rules won't make any difference. (I think)
…........................................................
3 Riformula le frasi utilizzando le forme adatte di be going to
a) Joe plans to buy a new computer.
…........................................................
b) We don't plan to play tennis this weekend.
…........................................................
c) Does Nick plan to join the sports club?
…........................................................
d) What are your plans for next summer?
…........................................................
e) Look! That tree is about to fall over!
…........................................................
f) Do you plan to work hard this year?
…........................................................
g) The forecast for tomorrow is rain.
…........................................................
h) Do Mike and Pat plan to make some sandwiches for the party?
…........................................................
i) I think it's about to snow
…........................................................
j) I don't plan to have a birthday party this year.
page 50
…........................................................
4 Compleata le frasi scegliendo tra i verbi elencati
come
go
have
work
cook
do
leave
meet
get
stay
a) I've enjoyed my holiday here , but …..…........................... home tomorrow
b) Mark ….........….................... a party on his birthday.
c) Some friends .................................... to stay with me next week.
d) …......................... anything tonight? Would you like to come to the cinema?
e) What time …................................ in the morning? Do you want me to take you to the
airport?
f) Don't forget. You ….................................... dinner this evening. It's your turn!
g) I can't see you at 4.30. I …................................ some friends at that time.
h) Helen and Mike.................................. married in June.
i) …............................ tomorrow? Or have you got a free day?
j) I haven't got any lessons tomorrow, so I ….............................. at home.
5 Scegli la risposta o le risposte più adatte (tra A,B,C)
a) Are you busy on Saturday evening?
A I'm going to the cinema
B I'll go to the cinema
C I'm going to go to the cinema
b) I need some help with the shopping
A All right, I'm helping you
B All right, I'll help you
C All right, I'm going to help you
c) We've got some great news for you
page 51
A We're getting married
B We're going to get married
C We'll get married
d) Don't worry about the exam
A I'm sure you're passing.
B I'm sure you're going to pass.
C I'm sure you'll pass.
e) Pat has bought her ticket
A She's leaving on Tuesday.
B She's going to leave on Tuesday.
C She'll leave on Tuesday.
e) I have to leave early this afternoon
A I'm going to the dentist's.
B I'm going to go to the dentist's
C I'll go to the dentist's.
6 Scegli l'espressione più adatta
a) “Do you have any plans for your birthday?” “Yes, …........... a party.”
1) I'll have
2) I'm having
b) “I need some help with the shop tomorrow” “Don't worry, …............”
1) I'll help
2) I'm helping
c) What …..................... when you grow up and leave school?
1) will you do
2) are you going to do
d) “Are you coming to the football match on Saturday?” “Which teams …............?”
1) are playing
2) are going to play
e) Don't carry all those heavy books. Some of the children …............ you.
1) will help
2) are going to help
f) The doctor is on his way. He..…............ in 15 minutes.
1) will be here
2) is being
e) I've got some good news. Ann ….................. a baby.
1) will have
2) is going to have
page 52
g) I'm sorry I can't come to the lesson tomorrow. …..........…............ my grandmother in
hospital.
1) I'll visit
2) I'm visiting
page 53
12 Daily Routines and Free Time Key Vocabulary Wake
up/Get
up
Have
Breakfast
Have
a
shower/bath
Go
to
work/university
Have
Lunch
Go
home
Have
dinner
Go
to
bed/sleep
at
0800
0830
0915
1020
1.35pm
2.40pm
6.45pm
10.50pm
Eight
o’clock
Eight
thirty
Nine
fifteen
Twenty
past
ten
Twenty‐five
to
two
Twenty
to
three
Quarter
to
Seven
Ten
to
Eleven
1st Person Conjugation I
wake
up
at
__________
I
have
breakfast
at
_____________
I
go
to
work/university
at
___________
I
have
lunch
at
__________
I
go
home
at
___________
I
have
dinner
at
________
I
go
to
bed/sleep
at
_________
1. In pairs, ask each other about your daily routines. Write the answers on the next page. Forming a question What
time
do
you
get
up?
When
do
you
have
breakfast/lunch/dinner?
When
do
you
go
home/to
university/to
bed/to
sleep?
1
page 54
Follow
the
examples
below,
then
try
to
write
out
your
own
phrases:
(Example) _____Carmelo___________
gets
up
at
_____0830__________
_________
has
breakfast
at
_________
_________
goes
to
work
at
_________
2. Listen to and read Maria’s routine. Then answer the questions below the text. Maria:
“I
normally
wake
up
at
eight
o’clock.
I
have
a
shower
then
I
have
breakfast.
I
often
eat
a
bowl of cereal
and
I
usually
drink
a
cup
of
coffee.
Then, I
go
to
work
at
thirty.
I
never
have
lunch
before
1
o’clock
in
the
afternoon,
because
I’m
so
busy
at
work.
I
go
home
at
seven
o’clock,
and
I
have
dinner
at
eight.
I
read
a
book
then
I
go
to
bed
at
ten
o’clock
because
I’m
so
tired.”
What
time
does
Maria
wake
up?
What
does
she
have
for
breakfast?
Why
does
Maria
never
have
lunch
before
1
o’clock?
What
does
Maria
do
before
she
goes
to
bed?
How
does
Maria
feel
at
the
end
of
the
day?
2
page 55
Stefano:
I
get
up
at
10.30
and
normally
have
to
run
to catch the bus because
I
am
always
running late. I
arrive
at
university
at
around 11
o’clock.
I
have
a
late
lunch
at
3
o’clock
for
a
couple of hours. After
lunch
I
go
home
to
study.
I
have
dinner
and
then
get ready to go out. I
meet
my
friends
in
the
city
centre
until midnight when
I
go
home
and
go
straight to bed. Why
does
Stefano
have
to
run
to
catch
the
bus?
When
does
Stefano
go
home?
Where
does
Stefano
meet
his
friends?
What
does
he
do
when
he
goes
back
home
at
night?
3
page 56
15 Prepositions of Time: at, in, on
We use:
• at for a PRECISE TIME
• in for MONTHS, YEARS, CENTURIES and LONG PERIODS
• on for DAYS and DATES
at
in
on
PRECISE TIME
MONTHS, YEARS, CENTURIES and LONG
PERIODS
DAYS and DATES
at 3 o'clock
in May
on Sunday
at 10.30am
in summer
on Tuesdays
at noon
in the summer
on 6 March
at dinnertime
in 1990
on 25 Dec. 2010
at bedtime
in the 1990s
on Christmas Day
at sunrise
in the next century
on Independence
Day
at sunset
in the Ice Age
on my birthday
at the moment
in the past/future
on New Year's Eve
Look at these examples:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
I have a meeting at 9am.
The shop closes at midnight.
Jane went home at lunchtime.
In England, it often snows in December.
Do you think we will go to Jupiter in the future?
There should be a lot of progress in the next century.
Do you work on Mondays?
Her birthday is on 20 November.
Where will you be on New Year's Day?
Notice the use of the preposition of time at in the following standard expressions:
Expression
Example
at night
The stars shine at night.
at the weekend*
I don't usually work at the
weekend.
at
I stay with my family at Christmas.
page 57
Christmas*/Easter
at the same time
We finished the test at the same
time.
at present
He's not home at present. Try later.
Notice the use of the prepositions of time in and on in these common expressions:
in
on
in the morning
on Tuesday morning
in the mornings
on Saturday
mornings
in the
afternoon(s)
on Sunday
afternoons
in the evening(s)
on Monday evening
When we say last, next, every, this we do not also use at, in, on.
•
•
•
•
I went to London last June. (not in last June)
He's coming back next Tuesday. (not on next Tuesday)
I go home every Easter. (not at every Easter)
We'll call you this evening. (not in this evening)
page 58
17 IL PRESENT PERFECT
·Il)Present)Simple)si)costruisce)con)il)presente)dell'ausiliare)have)seguito)dal)participio
passato)del)verbo.)La)forma)regolare)del)participio)passato)è)identica)a)quella)del)past
simple)regolare)(-ed):
·Forma)affermativa
I1have1decided1to1leave1tomorrow
·Forma1interrogativa:
Have1you1decided?
·Forma1negativa:
I1have1not1decided1/1haven't1decided.
·La)forma)irregolare)è)la)terza)voce)del)paradigma)dei)verbi)irregolare
·write)
wrote)
written
Have1you1written1the1letter1yet?
·Fai)attenzione)l'ausiliare)è)sempre have/has e)non are/am/is.)Si)dice:
·
The1bus1hasn't1arrived1yet
e)non
The1bus1isn't1arrived1yet
Quando usiamo il Present Perfect?
·Quando)ci)riferiamo)ad)azioni)che)sono)cominciate)nel)passato)e)che)continuano)nel
presente:
I1have1lived1here1for1101years.
page 59
I've often seen Jim with his dog in the park.
·Quando un'azione o situazione passata è senza riferimenti a un tempo determinato:
Helen has broken her pencil.
·Per riferirsi a un'azione appena conclusa
I have just finished eating
·Per parlare di esperienze:
Have you been to Spain?
I have been to Barcelona.
Have you seen that movie?
·Il Present Perfect si usa con i seguenti avverbi:
yet--> I haven't seen it yet
just--> I have just done it.
never --> Pat has never been to Italy.
ever--> Have you ever played tennis?
already--> I have already written the letter.
So far --> How many pages have you written so far?
·Il Present Perfect si usa spesso con i seguenti avverbi:
· often--> I have always loved you
·always--> I have often visited Spain.
·Il present perfect può spesso essere confuso con il past simple perchè entrambi si
traducono spesso con il passato prossimo in italiano
Have you seen the film Armageddon? Hai visto il film Armageddon?
page 60
Did you see the film last night?
Hai visto il film ieri sera?
·Di solito si usa il Past Simple quando ci si riferisce a un tempo completamente trascorso
(when, what time, yesterday, last week, two days ago, etc..)
·
When did you arrive in Prague?
I arrived here in September two years ago.
Si usa il past simple anche nei racconti e per parlare di fatti storici o remoti (passato remoto
italiano):
There was someone in the corridor. Inspector Davis moved quietly towards the door, switched off
the light and listened.
·
Exercises
1 Scegli la soluzione corretta.
1. Tim hasn't finish/ hasn't finished his homework yet.
2. What has David decided/ have David decided to do?
3. You have seen/have you seen the new film about Napoleon?
4. I haven't been/ haven't be very well lately.
5. Have you ate yet/ have you eaten yet?
6. Helen have done/ has done a lot of work today.
7. Has there been / has there be any phone-calls for me?
8. The lights have gone/ have go out. What has happen/ has happened?
page 61
2
Completa le frasi con la forma del present perfect dei verbi tra parentesi
1. What's the matter? (You cut)
yourself?
2. The ship (not sink)
, but it's in a dangerous condition.
3. (Your sisters write)
to you yet?
4. I (have)
a headache ever since lunchtime.
5. Nadia (never see)
6. Someone (steal)
any Chinese films.
Mr Grant's bike
7. My brothers are tired because they (not sleep)
8. I am afraid we (just break)
9. David (not win)
10.(you ever eat)
all night.
your window. Sorry!
a prize this time, I'm afraid.
Spanish food? It's great!
3 Completa la seconda frase con il present perfect del verbo indicato mantenendo il significato
della prima.
1. Do you have any more homework to do? (do)
Have ….................................your homework?
2. Brian isn't here. (leave)
Brian......................................................
3. Sue goes to a different school now. (change)
Sue................................................... school.
4. Martin isn't a child any more. (grow up)
Martin...................................................
5. I'm writing my third letter at the moment. (already write)
I............................................................... two letters.
6. This is not my first visit here. (be)
I................................................... before.
7. Is your dog still missing? (find)
Have................................................. ….. yet?
8. Bill is still reading my book. (finish)
Bill....................................................... yet.
9. I have never seen Stonehenge before. (see)
This is the first time I.................................. Stonehenge.
10. Jane isn't at home at the moment. (go out)
Jane..........................................................................
4
Completa le frasi con le espressioni di tempo elencate.
page 62
Yet never
since (2) often
ever
never
already
so far
just
always
1. Carlos has lived in the city centre …............ 1996.
2. Thanks for the present! I've …............ wanted a pet goldfish.!
3. Have you............. drunk pineapple juice? It's fantastic!
4. I've........... heard some fantastic news! I've passed my exams!
5. Harry up! Haven't you finished.............? You are a slow-coach!
6. This is my first pet frog. I've …........... had one before
7. I've........... been on a big ship before. It's an interesting experience
8. We're very busy today …............... we've sold over a hundred bikes.
9. I've.................. passed this building, but this is the first time I've been inside.
10. Can I have a different book? I've................. read this one.
5 Metti i verbi al Past Simple o al Present Perfect.
1. Where (you go).................... for your holidays last year?
2. I can't play any more. I (just hurt)....................... my foot.
3. Jane is a famous writer, and (write) ….............................. over fifty books.
4. Sorry, I( not finish)........................... my letters yet.
5. I (miss)............................. the end of the film last night. What
(happen).....................?
6. I (lose)............................. my keys on Monday but I (find).................... them on Tuesday.
7. We had a great party last week. Who (you, invite).................................?
8. Where (you, meet).................................. Sam? At the sports centre?
9. Juventus (not play).................................. very well last Sunday.
10. (you, see).......................................... my ruler? It was here a moment ago.
11. Tina isn' t here. She (just go).................................... to school.
12. What time (you get up).......................................... this morning?
13. Paul (have)................................................. a bad car accident three years ago.
14. I ( live)..................................................... in the same house since 1990.
15. What (you do)........................................ last night?
16. Brian (not finish)......................................... his work yet.
17. Tina (arrive).............................................. here in 1998.
18. (you see) …................................................... “Hidden Danger”? It' s a really interesting
film.
19. Oh no! I (forget).............................................. my keys!
20. When ( Mary leave)........................................................?
page 63
EDB
Elementary
Group
18 Prepositions
of
Time
Article
1:
Prepositions
of
time:
Since/For
For
+
“period”
A
period
is
a
duration
of
time,
for
example:
5
minutes,
2
weeks,
6
years.
For
means
"from
the
beginning
of
the
period
until
the
end
of
the
period."
For
can
be
used
with
all
tenses.
Since
+
point
A
point
is
a
precise
moment
in
time,
for
example:
9
o'clock,
1st
January,
Monday.
Since
means
"from
a
point
in
the
past
until
now."
Since
is
normally
used
with
perfect
tenses.
FOR
SINCE
for
20
minutes
since
9am
for
three
days
since
Monday
for
6
months
since
January
for
4
years
since
1997
for
2
centuries
since
1500
for
a
long
time
since
I
left
school
for
ever
since
the
beginning
of
time
Exercises
1.
Fill
in
the
gaps
with
the
correct
preposition
A)
I
have
been
at
this
company
____________________
20
years
now,
I
really
love
it
here
B)
____________________
how
long
have
you
lived
there?
C)
The
University
has
been
delivering
excellence
____________________
it
was
founded
in
1901.
D)
____________________
I
left
work,
I
have
had
more
time
to
spend
with
my
family.
E)
____________________
three
days
James
did
not
leave
the
house
F)
My
grandparents
walk
____________________
twenty
minutes
every
day.
G)
We
have
been
dating
____________________
a
long
time
1
page 64
EDB
Elementary
Group
H)
My
teacher
has
been
sick
____________________
last
Monday
I)
I
studied
for
the
test
____________________
two
whole
weeks
J)
Where
have
you
been?
I
have
been
calling
you
____________________
half
an
hour
K)
That
lady
has
been
waiting
for
the
bus
____________________
noon.
L)
____________________
she
left
college,
she
has
been
working
at
the
local
restaurant
M)
My
family
has
lived
here
____________________
last
March
N)
Next
year,
I’m
going
to
travelling
____________________
six
months
O)
I’m
really
tired,
I’ve
been
awake
____________________
5
o’clock
this
morning
2.
Solo
Work
Write
5
phrases
using
‘Since’,
and
5
phrases
using
‘For’.
Article
2:
Prepositions
of
Time:
In,
On,
At
In
On
Years
Days
of
the
Week
Months
Special
Days
Seasons
Dates
Parts
of
the
Day*
(*Exception:
At
night)
Exercises
1.
Write
the
correct
preposition
in
the
gap
below:
1. I
saw
her
_____
Christmas
2. I
go
shopping
____
Monday
3. The
leaves
fall
from
the
trees
___
autumn
2
page 65
At
Time
Night
The
Weekend
Special
Occasions
EDB
Elementary
Group
4. The
train
leaves___
a
quarter
past
three
5. What
do
you
normally
do___
Christmas
day?
6. He
was
born
___
3rd
July,
1977
7. ___
2006,
Italy
won
the
World
Cup
8. I
get
up
early
___
the
morning
to
go
to
work
9. ___
Sunday,
we
always
go
to
Church
10. She
often
goes
out
___
night
11. It
happened
___
2001
12. She
often
goes
out
___
Friday
night
13. In
the
UK,
it
rains
a
lot
___
Spring
14. I
get
up
___
7am
15. The
class
is
___
Tuesdays
and
Thursdays
2.
Now
write
your
own
sentences.
Try
to
incorporate
as
many
time
prepositions
as
you
can:
Article
3:
Prepositions
of
Time:
During/While
During
During
is
used:
To
say
when
something
has
happened,
although
it
does
not
specify
for
how
long.
Before
a
noun
or
a
phrase
While
While
is
used:
3
page 66
EDB
Elementary
Group
Before
a
subject
and
verb
To
describe
two
actions
that
are
happening
at
the
same
time
Exercises
Complete
the
phrases
below:
1. I
was
cooking
dinner_____
Giorgio
was
talking
on
the
phone
2. The
children
were
asleep
_____
the
film
3. _____
the
Second
World
War,
many
people
were
killed
4. _____
I
was
walking
through
the
forest,
I
heard
a
noise
5. I
am
busy
_____
the
morning,
but
I
will
try
to
call
you
in
the
afternoon
6. _____
she
was
getting
ready
for
bed,
Giulia
realized
that
she
had
left
the
light
on
7. Nobody
spoke
_____
the
presentation
8. He
fell
asleep
_____
the
meeting
9. Somebody
stole
my
bag
_____
I
was
listening
to
my
music
10. The
dog
was
barking
_____
I
was
trying
to
watch
TV
11. Please
don’t
smoke
_____
I’m
eating
12. Bats
sleep
_____the
day
13. He
kept
trying
to
talk
to
me
_____
I
was
reading.
14. We
get
plenty
of
snow
here
_____
the
winter
4
page 67
•
Reading Material
Passage 1
Hundreds of superficial pop stars have been satisfied with fame and fortune but material
success was never going to satisfy John Lennon.
Part of John’s unworldly philosophy was, ironically, voiced on his penultimate album ‘Double
Fantasy’, when he sang: ‘Life is what happens to you when you’re busy making other plans’. In
John Lennon’s case, death happened – while he was making other plans to live.
John Lennon wrote the above words for ‘Beautiful Boy’, a song to his son Sean, fifteen years
after talking in an interview about his boredom with life as a Beatle, when he’d gained weight,
gained money, but somehow lost himself.
Within a year of that interview, John’s life changed dramatically when he met Yoko Ono. As
husband and wife, and artists who were both competitive and compatible, they began a
journey unheard of for a pop star. Eventually they captivated millions. At first disliked, rather
unfairly, as “the woman who broke up The Beatles”, taking cuddly John from the world, Yoko
Ono, with John’s help, was eventually accepted by even the fiercest critics. And few will forget
their musical message of peace and love, one that everybody understood, but few articulated
so well.
In a life that touched millions with its honesty and style, John Lennon was the victim of many
myths. Chief among these was that he was an uncaring rock ‘n’ roller with little compassion.
The reverse is true, as his music always demonstrated.
As one critic put it, “Although John Lennon died at forty, his music may well live for ever.”
Passage 2
An eight-year-old British boy will become one of the UK's youngest ever undergraduates when
he begins a degree course in astronomy at Raglan University.
In his first year he will complete a standard introductory course. Once he has finished that,
the next five years will be spent at home studying the same course work as his adult
contemporaries who are instead obliged to follow lectures and go to seminars. The only time
he is likely to meet his fellow students will be during exams.
On the surface, Ian Thomas is like any other normal eight-year-old. Of course, he reads a lot
for his age but he also plays children's games outdoors with his five-year-old brother, Robert.
His favourite toy, however, is a telescope given to him by his grandmother on his sixth
birthday.
The Thomases live in a remote farmhouse in North Wales. The nearest shop is a 15-minute
drive away and their closest neighbour lives 10 miles down the road. They have no TV so there
is plenty of time to read and learn.
Rosalind Thomas, Ian’s 37-year-old mother, used to be a secondary school teacher and has
taught both boys at home since they were first able to talk. She said that Ian is one of the most
enthusiastic students she has ever known.
"He's always asking me for more lessons, even on Sundays when I sometimes want to take a
day off.”
Ian’s reply to that was quite clear. "I just love lessons," he said. "And when mum says that
is enough for the day, I complain that there's time for just a bit more."
page 68
Passage 3
Set up in the USA in the thirties, ‘InterHome’, the first home exchange programme, was
brought to Europe around 30 years ago. Thousands of satisfied members have now tried this
unique travel concept - one exchange at a time. Swapping homes makes perfect financial sense
because it cuts out hotel expenses - suddenly any destination is affordable! What’s more, you
are guaranteed a fascinating cultural experience. What better way to improve your language
skills as you shop in local markets, chat with the neighbours and completely immerse yourself
and your family in another culture's lifestyle?Home exchanges mean being “at home” while on
holiday - families take good care of each other’s property and keep the house clean and tidy,
which means taking out the rubbish, hoovering and dusting as well as other household chores.
They at times have other responsibilities such as feeding pets or watering plants. When you
decide on an exchange, you will at first get to know your partners through correspondence
and telephone calls. This is important to ensure that you know you will be staying in the home
of people you know - and they will be staying in yours. ‘InterHome’ has a database of
thousands of home exchange offers from families like yours in most European countries. Our
members enjoy the most up-to-date value-for-money home exchange service there is. Our
flexible and user-friendly system is designed to help you find and select the perfect exchange
partner. And to make sure those of you with limited access to the Internet don’t miss out, we
publish two full colour catalogues per year. Our representatives live in your country, operate in
your language and customize our services to your culture. They are there to answer your
questions personally (by email or by phone/fax). When you make contact with your national
organizer, you make contact with someone who lives in your country and speaks your
language. Call now for an appointment (click on ‘contact us’ at the bottom of this page) or fill
in our online form to request further details.
Passage 4
According to a survey recently carried out by British company Telewest Broadband, ‘The art of
conversation is dead but the art of chatting is becoming extremely popular, with a great many
Britons admitting that they rarely talk about anything more serious than traffic and television.’
The survey questioned over 2,000 adults with the majority admitting to regularly chatting at
the expense of weighty dialogue, even though most of them secretly long for more meaningful
exchanges.
The survey also found that despite the cultural stereotype, the British weather is no longer an
acceptable item of small talk. Preferred items are last night’s TV, office gossip and traffic.
Three ‘experts’ have commented on the results. ‘Brits have lost the skill of conversation – too
much chatter means we keep our thoughts to ourselves,’ says Ronald Carter, professor of
English at Nottingham University. ‘Serious communication has been the first victim of our
rushed, modern lives. We can’t communicate reflectively when we’re in a hurry so we resort to
banal talk – we don’t make the effort to explore conversational depths.’ However Dr Jonathon
Miller, neuroscience researcher, TV presenter and author, claims that ‘big conversation’ bores
him. Conversation, he says, is hardly an art. ‘I’m interested in turn-taking in conversation and
how people respond to various topics, rather than what those topics are.’
Third spokesman Lem Sissey, a leading black writer, says in his turn that talk about traffic and
patio doors is the Western Buddhist mantra. Small talk, he says, is far more fascinating than
big talk. ‘I truly respect those who can discuss carpets for half an hour and get something out
of it,’ he says.
page 69
The survey also discovered that two-thirds of those interviewed believe the telephone is the
best means of having an intelligent conversation – at which result many non-participants
rushed to express their own personal hatred of telephones.
‘You just can’t win,’ commented Telewest Broadband.
page 70
VerbiIrregolari
Infinito
Passato
Participio
Traduzione
abide
abode
abode
stare
arise
arose
arisen
sgorgare
awake
awoke
awoken
svegliare
bear
bore
borne
sopportare
beat
beat
beaten
battere
become
became
become
diventare
begin
began
begun
cominciare
bend
bent
bent
curvare, piegare
bet
bet
bet
scommettere
bid
bid
bid
fare un'offerta
bind
bound
bound
legare
bite
bit
bitten
mordere
bleed
bled
bled
sanguinare
blow
blew
blown
soffiare
break
broke
broken
rompere
breed
bred
bred
allevare
bring
brought
brought
accompagnare
build
built
built
costruire
burn
burnt
burnt
bruciare
burst
burst
burst
scoppiare
buy
bought
bought
comprare
cast
cast
cast
lanciare (un dado)
catch
caught
caught
ottenere (prendere)
choose
chose
chosen
scegliere
cling
clung
clung
afferrare
come
came
come
venire
cost
cost
cost
costare
creep
crept
crept
strisciare
cut
cut
cut
eliminare, tagliare
deal
dealt
dealt
gestire (trattare)
dig
dug
dug
scavare
do
did
done
fare
draw
drew
drawn
tirare
dream
dreamt
dreamt
sognare
page 71
drink
drank
drunk
bere
drive
drove
driven
guidare
dwell
dwelt
dwelt
dimorare
eat
ate
eaten
mangiare
fall
fell
fallen
cadere
feed
fed
fed
nutrire
feel
felt
felt
sentire
fight
fought
fought
combattere
find
found
found
trovare
flee
fled
fled
fuggire
fling
flung
flung
lanciare (con forza)
fly
flew
flown
volare
forbid
forbade
forbidden
vietare
forget
forgot
forgotten
dimenticare
forgive
forgave
forgiven
perdonare
freeze
froze
frozen
ghiacciare
get
got
got
ottenere, diventare
give
gave
given
dare
go
went
gone
andare
grind
ground
ground
macinare
grow
grew
grown
produrre (coltivare)
hang
hung
hung
appendere
have
had
had
avere
hear
heard
heard
udire
hide
hid
hidden
nascondere
hit
hit
hit
percuotere, colpire
hold
held
held
tenere
hurt
hurt
hurt
fare male
keep
kept
kept
conservare
kneel
knelt
knelt
inginocchiarsi
know
knew
known
sapere
lay
laid
laid
stendere
lead
led
led
condurre
lean
leant
leant
piegare (inclinare)
leap
leapt
leapt
saltare
page 72
learn
learnt
learnt
imparare
leave
left
left
partire (andar via)
lend
lent
lent
prestare
let
let
let
lasciare
lie
lay
lain
sdraiarsi
light
lit
lit
illuminare
lose
lost
lost
perdere
make
made
made
fare, realizzare
mean
meant
meant
significare
meet
met
met
incontrare
mow
mowed
mown
falciare
overcome
overcame
overcome
sopraffare
pay
paid
paid
pagare
put
put
put
mettere
quit
quit
quit
smettere
read
read
read
leggere
rid
rid
rid
liberare da
ride
rode
ridden
andare in, cavalcare
ring
rang
rung
suonare
rise
rose
risen
alzarsi
run
ran
run
correre
saw
sawed
sawn
segare
say
said
said
dire
see
saw
seen
vedere
seek
sought
sought
cercare
sell
sold
sold
vendere
send
sent
sent
mandare
set
set
set
fissare
sew
sewed
sewn
cucire
shake
shook
shaken
scuotere
shear
sheared
shorn
tosare
shed
shed
shed
spargere
shine
shone
shone
brillare
shoe
shod
shod
ferrare i cavalli
shoot
shot
shot
sparare
page 73
show
showed
shown
mostrare
shrink
shrank
shrunk
ridursi
shut
shut
shut
chiudere
sing
sang
sung
cantare
sink
sank
sunk
affondare
sit
sat
sat
sedersi
sleep
slept
slept
dormire
slide
slid
slid
scivolare
slink
slunk
slunk
sgattaiolare
slit
slit
slit
tagliare
smell
smelt
smelt
sentire odore
sow
sowed
sown
seminare
speak
spoke
spoken
parlare
speed
sped
sped
accelerare
spell
spelt
spelt
scandire
spend
spent
spent
spendere
spill
spilt
spilt
versare
spit
spat
spat
sputare
split
split
split
spaccare
spoil
spoilt
spoilt
guastare
spread
spread
spread
espandere
spring
sprang
sprung
rimbalzare
stand
stood
stood
stare in piedi
steal
stole
stolen
rubare
stick
stuck
stuck
appiccicare
sting
stung
stung
pungere
stink
stank
stunk
puzzare
stride
strode
stridden
avanzare a grandi passi
strike
struck
struck
colpire
strive
strove
striven
sforzarsi
swear
swore
sworn
giurare
sweep
swept
swept
spazzare
swell
swelled
swollen
gonfiare
swim
swam
swum
nuotare
swing
swung
swung
dondolare
page 74
take
took
taken
prendere
teach
taught
taught
insegnare
tear
tore
torn
lacerare
tell
told
told
dire, raccontare
think
thought
thought
pensare
throw
threw
thrown
gettare, slanciare
thrust
thrust
thrust
ficcare, forzare
tread
trod
trodden
calpestare
undergo
underwent
undergone
subire
understand
understood
understood
capire
upset
upset
upset
preoccupare
wake
woke
woken
svegliarsi
wear
wore
worn
indossare
weave
wove
woven
tessere
weep
wept
wept
piangere
win
won
won
vincere
wind
wound
wound
serpeggiare
withdraw
withdrew
withdrawn
ritirarsi
wring
wrung
wrung
torcere
write
wrote
written
scrivere
page 75
Piccadilly Catania