Volcanic ash plume detection and monitoring by the Servizio Meteo
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Volcanic ash plume detection and monitoring by the Servizio Meteo
SAVAA Users Workshop', INGV, Rome, April 6-7 2009. Volcanic ash plume detection and monitoring by the Servizio Meteo A.M. Col.L. De eleonibus*, Lt.Col. S. Fiacconi, Lt.Col F. Zauli*and Maj. C. Ajello* * Servizio Meteorologico Aeronautica Militare /Italian Air Force Meteorological Service SEMPER VIGILES Noi non dormiamo mai! 1 View of volcanic ash from the ground Example of volcanic ash Etna: the principal risk of v.a. in Mediterranean area 4 Example of damages to Aviation by VA ENGINE FAN The italian Air Force Meteorological Service The italian Air Force Meteorological Service is a military service and is part of the Air Force (Aeronautica Militare). •U.S.A.M. (Ufficio Spazio Aereo e Meteorologia) – Roma is part of the Air Staff (Stato Maggiore Aeronautica); it’s the central managment and administrative unit of the meteorological service. C.N.M.C.A. C.N.M.C.A. (Centro Nazionale di Meteorologia e Climatologia Aeronautica) - Pratica di Mare (RM) is the national centre for metorology and climatology Main Centres Centro Meteorologico Regionale – Milano Linate Centro Aeronautica Militare di Alta Montagna Monte Cimone Reparto Sperimentale di Meteorologia Aeronautica Vigna di Valle Volcanic Ash Operational monitoring from space at the National Centre, CNMCA Infrared channel from AVHRR, on board of NOAA and METOP satellites (1,5 km resolution) Operational monitoring from space MODIS on NASA satellites (500 mt resolution) The monitoring production of CNMCA The sky blu is the warning for the presence of v.a. in the plume Split window tecnique V.A. V.A. BB=T(10 =T(10μ)μ)- - T(12 T(12μ)μ)<<00 Clouds Clouds BB=T(10 =T(10μ)μ)- - T(12 T(12μ)μ)>>00 13 14 15 C.M.R. OPERATIONAL ACTIVITIES RELATED TO VOLCANIC ASH SURVEILLANCE FOR AVIATION SAFETY SEMPER VIGILES Noi non dormiamo mai! 17 Main duties of C.M.R. Linate From 1999 CMR Linate is the national centre for ICAO meteorological watch over the entire italian airspace (3 FIRs) Working on H24 7/7 basis, it issues: • Sigmet • Sigmet for Volcanic Ash • Airmet Sigmet and Airmet are text messages in abbreviated English concerning meteorological phenomena dangerous for air navigation. THE SIGNIFICANT WEATHER LOW LEVEL MAP The monitoring production of CNMCA Another aviation product reporting the presence of volcanic ash or volcanic eruption is the Significant Weather Low Level (surface-3000 m) map issued by CMR Linate 4 times a day for 00, 06, 12, 18 UTC. Manned observational network 008 S. Valentino alla Muta 033 Dobbiaco 021 P. Rolle 040 Tarvisio 052 P. Rosà 036 Aviano Rosà 022 Paganella 045 Udine Rivolto 098 T.Istrana 072 Bisbino 099 064 Cameri 090 Verona 110 Trieste T. S. Angelo 061 Bric della Croce 088 Ghedi 094 Vicenza 084 Piacenza 138 Ferrara 124 Passo Cisa 134 M. Cimone 146 Punta Marina 148 Cervia 125 Sarzana 149 Rimini 136 Porretta 153 Capo Mele 158 Pisa 179 Frontone 165 Volterra 172 Arezzo 119 P. dei Giovi 114 Mondovì Mondovì 197 Elba 206 Grosseto 204 Radicofani 219 Terminillo 216 Viterbo 232 Termoli 224 Vigna di Valle 214 Civitavecchia 234 Guidonia 239 Ciampino 244 Frosinone 258 M. S. Angelo 245 Pratica di Mare 261 Amendola 252 Campobasso 243 Latina 360 S. Maria di Leuca 312 Gioia del Colle 253 Grazzanise 263 Trevico 280 Ponza 522 Capo Caccia 320 Brindisi 300 Potenza 294 Capri 538 Fonni 325 Marina di Ginosa 332 Lecce 316 Latronico 550 Capo Bellavista 310 Capo Palinuro 168 Argentario Airport stations isolated stations TOTAL 28 55 83 539 Capo Frasca 546 Decimomannu 541 Perdasdefogu 542 Capo S. Lorenzo 564 Capo Carbonara 560 Cagliari Elmas SIGONELLA STATION located at 30 KM South of ETNA 337 Bonifati 344 Monte Scuro 400 Ustica 410 Boccadifalco 420 Messina 429 Trapani 450 Enna 434 Prizzi 459 Catania Sigonella 453 Gela 470 Pantelleria 480 Cozzo Spadaro CATANIA SIGONELLA WEATHER STATION AS VOLCANIC ASH OBSERVATORY VISUAL OBSERVATION Every day starting at dawn the met observer on duty at Sigonella airport performs and issues a first observation. If the volcano is not visible at dawn (due to reduced transparency or clouds covering it) he/she will repeat the observation till twilight in order to be able to detect the plume. When the plume is observable, the message will contain its: •intensity (FBL, MOD, SEV) •extension (direction relative to compass and estimated lenght) •Flight level interested (vertical depht) VOLCANIC ASH OBSERVATION Sigonella immediately sends its messages to: •CMR •CNMCA At CMR the message is automatically switched via AFTN (Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network) to the VAACs, ACCs, etc. UXIY61 LIIB 020501 A. VOLCANIC ACTIVITY REPORT B. SIGONELLA WEATHER STATION (LICZ) C. 020445 D. MT. ETNA VOLCANO (37,7N 15,0E) E. VOLCANIC ASH CLOUD OF FEABLE INTENSITY OBSERVED IN EXTENTION TO NORTH/ EAST APPROXIMATELY 5 NM BETWEEN FL 080 AND FL 100/./ F. ICAO COLOR CODE: NIL (BY INGV) SIGMET VA EMISSION As soon as the forecaster on shift at CMR receives: • the message of observation from Sigonella •or, a Special Air Report from an aircfraft landing at- or departing fromCatania or Reggio Calabria •or, will autonomously detect the cloud from Meteosat, he/she will issue a SIGMET VA (Volcanic Ash): LIRR SIGMET 01 VALID 020500/021100 LIMMROMA FIR FBL VA LAST OBS (020455 BY LICZ) EXT 5 NM NE OF ETNA FL080/100 MOV ENE 15 KT= SIGMET VA EMISSION The forecaster at CMR estimates the direction and speed of movement of the VA cloud making use of the the forecasted upper winds and the forecast ed trajectories provided at 6-hrs frequency by the VAAC ofToulouse: EMISSION AND DIFFUSION OF SIGMET VA The SIGMET VA will be immediately emitted and automatically transmitted via dedicated lines to the CNMCA and via the AFTN to the VAACs, ACCs, etc. In case of volcanic ash cloud of moderate or severe intensity the VAAC Toulouse will immediately start its procedures in order to issue a V.A.A. (Volcanic Ash Advisory) THE VOLCANIC ASH ADVISORY The V.A.A. contains a detailed analysis of the VA cloud and a forecast of its position at +6, +12 and +18 hours: VA ADVISORY DTG: 20080513/1630Z VAAC: TOULOUSE VOLCANO: ETNA 0101-06 PSN: N3744 E01500 AREA: ITALY SUMMIT ELEV: 3350M ADVISORY NR: 2008/06 INFO SOURCE: METEOSAT IMAGERY AVIATION COLOUR CODE: UNKNOWN ERUPTION DETAILS: NEW ERUPTION AT ABOUT 1500Z OBS VA DTG: 13/1600Z OBS VA CLD: FL050/300 N3740 E01500 - N3840 E01540 - N3920 E01540 N3915 E01615 - N3825 E01550 - N3740 E01500 MOV NNE 30 KT FL080/400 N4155 E01500 - N4200 E01600 - N4020 E01615 - N4155 E01500 MOV NNW 40KT FCST VA CLD + 6H: 13/2200Z FL050/300 N3925 E01620 - N4035 E01625 N4050 E01710 - N3925 E01620 FCST VA CLD + 12H: 14/0400Z NO VA EXP FCST VA CLD + 18H: 14/1000Z NO VA EXP RMK: PLEASE CHECK SIGMET FOR CURRENT WARNINGS. NXT ADVISORY: NO LATER THAN 20080513/2300Z= V.A.A. AND SIGMET VA As soon as the CMR receives the VAA from VAAC Toulouse, a new SIGMET VA with more detailed date will be issued updating the first one. This procedure will last until the end of the eruption. Thank you