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Catalogue of Credit Insurance Terminology
Catalogo dei Termini relativi all’Assicurazione
del Credito
This Catalogue of Credit Insurance Terminology aims
at clarifying most of these terms and is for the benefit
of anyone not familiar with credit insurance, but also
as an easy reference manual for those working with
or in the industry. It offers descriptions of the most
commonly used terms in clear and simple language.
General trade and insurance terms are not included as
these are defined in various other sources.
This Catalogue was conceived and drafted by icisa’s
Credit Insurance Committee who have laboured
tirelessly to describe the terminology used. A special
word of gratitude is extended to them.
Copies of this Catalogue are available free of charge
from the icisa Secretariat.
Rob Nijhout - Executive Director of ICISA
ICISA
[email protected]
www.icisa.org
Foreword
Foreword
4
5
This Catalogue is published by the International Credit
Insurance & Surety Association (icisa), the leading
credit insurance association.
icisa was founded in 1928 (as icia). Since then risks
and trade flows have changed and new economies have
emerged. Credit insurance has kept pace with these
developments by creating solutions for an increasingly
complex trading environment. This has lead to a wider
range of features and products resulting in an ever
growing number of specific credit insurance terms.
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7
© icisa 2007. The entire content of this publication are protected
by copyright. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form
or by any means: electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or
otherwise, without permissions of the publisher.
Design and print by robstolk®, Amsterdam.
Adverse information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
AFL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Aggregate first loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Claim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32, 37
Claim filing waiting period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33, 88
Claims made policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Claims threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32, 36
Claims waiting period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Costs for work in progress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Costs incurred but not billed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Date of ascertainment of loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Date of loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Datum line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35, 85, 88
Imminent loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Indemnification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Minimum retention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Non payment risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Non qualifying loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32, 36
Notice of Claim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32, 37
NQL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Payment default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35, 85
Policy deductible . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Pre-invoicing expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Table of contents
Disclaimer
Claims, indemnity
Information provided in this Catalogue of Credit Insurance
Terminology has been prepared as a convenience to its user.
Reasonable efforts have been used in collecting, preparing and
providing quality descriptions, but no warranty is made or guaranteed
about the accuracy, completeness, or adequacy of these. This
Catalogue provides a description of terminology commonly used
in trade credit insurance. It does not warrant or represent that the
descriptions given are legal definitions or that any kind of rights can
be drawn from these and these descriptions shall not modify, alter,
clarify or otherwise provide meaning to terms that may be used in
any trade credit or political risk insurance policy.  
Under no circumstances shall icisa or its member companies be liable
for any direct, indirect, special, punitive or consequential damages
that arise out of or are in connection with any errors, inaccuracies,
omissions or defects of any content on this Catalogue, even if icisa, its
member companies or an authorised representative of any of these
has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
8
Credit assessment / limits
Aggregate limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39, 65
Blind cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Credit assessment fee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Credit limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Credit rating fee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Credit underwriting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
DCL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Discretionary credit limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Discretionary limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
DL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
First order cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
First sale clause . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Insurer’s maximum liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39, 65
Non-vetting limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Partial acceptance of a limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
Policy limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39, 65
Financial and export terms
Discharge of debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Irrevocable letter of credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
General terms
Additional named insured . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Assignee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Broker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Buyer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45, 47
Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, 47
Co-insured . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Commission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Customer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Debtor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45, 47
Endorsement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
FAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Facultative (re)insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Insured . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, 47
Insured buyer obligation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Insured client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Insured obligation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Insured transaction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Insurer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Joint insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Joint insured . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Joint insurer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Loss payee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Main insured . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Table of contents
Table of contents
9
Rescheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32, 36
Waiting period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33, 88
Government buyers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Government debtors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Guarantor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Key buyer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Key customer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Key debtor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Private buyer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Private debtor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Private individual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Public buyer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
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Table of contents
DCL buyer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
DCL debtor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Unnamed buyer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Unnamed debtor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Unspecified customer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Insurance cover
Aggregate limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39, 65
Annual maximum liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Binding contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Binding order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Co-insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59, 69
Commencement of cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Commercial risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Comprehensive cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Consignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Covered percentage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62, 65
Deductible . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Each and every first loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
Effective date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Excess insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Export credit insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Guaranteed percentage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62, 65
Table of contents
Insurable debtors
Insurable debtors / credit assessment
11
Main insurer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Named insured . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
NBI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Non-binding indication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Offer of cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Policy currency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Policy holder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, 47, 51
Primary insured . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Quotation (non-binding) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Quote (non-binding) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
12
Table of contents
Shipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Insured debts / turnover
Credit period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73, 77
Credit term . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73, 77
Deferral of payment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Delivery period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Domestic business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Due date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Due date extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Extension of due date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Extension period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Maximum credit terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Maximum extension period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Maximum payment terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Maximum pre-credit risk period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Mean delivery date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Mean length of credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Medium-term business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Payment term . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72, 76
Short-term business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Table of contents
Run-in cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Self insured percentage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59, 69
Single buyer cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Single debtor / Single risk cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Third country risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Top-up cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Transaction date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Transactional cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Uninsured percentage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59, 69
Whole turnover policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Insurance cover / financial and export terms
13
Insured percentage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62, 65
Losses occurring policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Manufacturing period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Maximum liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Pending order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Percentage of cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62, 65
Policy limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39, 65
Retained risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59, 66, 69
Retention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59, 69
Retention of title . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Risks attaching policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Run off cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
14
Table of contents
Obligations
Defaulted account . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Due to notify . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Overdue account . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Past due account . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Premium, fees
Declaration of outstanding balances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Declaration of turnover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Deposit premium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Insured transactions report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Low claims bonus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Minimum premium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
No claims bonus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
No claims credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Shipment report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Table of contents
Acts of God . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Bankruptcy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Contract frustration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Contract repudiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Contract risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80, 87
Conversion and transfer risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Country cover conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82
Country limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Country rank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Country rating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Country risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Country risk classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35, 85, 88
Exchange risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Insolvency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Moratorium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Natural disasters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Non acceptance of goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Payment default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35, 85
Political risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Post-shipment risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Pre-credit risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80, 87
Pre-shipment risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80, 87
Protracted default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Transfer delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Transfer risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Waiting period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33, 88
War . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Work in process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80, 87
15
Insured Risks
Collateral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Collections costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Recoveries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Salvage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Reinsurance / neighboring terms
Asset-backed securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Excess of loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Quota-share treaty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
XL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
XoL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
Reporting terms
Claims ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Combined ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Contingent liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Cost ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Expense ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Exposure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Underwriting ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Catalogue of Credit Insurance Terminology
Catálogo dei
Catalogo
de Términos
Termini relativi
de Seguro
all’Assicurazione
de Crédito
del Credito
Table of contens
16
Table of contents
17
Recovery, debt collection
18
ICISA è stata fondata nel 1928 (ICIA). Da allora i flussi
commerciali ed i rischi si sono evoluti e sono emerse
nuove economie. L’assicurazione del credito ha
mantenuto il passo con tali sviluppi creando soluzioni
per fronteggiare il sempre più complesso panorama
economico. Ciò ha portato ad una varietà sempre
più ampia di prodotti, con caratteristiche tali da
sviluppare un ampliamento della terminologia relativa
all’assicurazione del credito.
Il presente Glossario dei Termini dell’Assicurazione
del Credito ha lo scopo di chiarire la maggior parte
dei termini stessi, in aiuto a tutti coloro che non sono
esperti del ramo credito, ma è anche di facile utilizzo
per tutti gli operatori del settore. Esso offre definizioni
chiare e semplici dei termini più comuni. I termini
generici sul commercio e sull’assicurazione non sono
inclusi poiché già definiti in altri testi specifici.
Il presente Glossario è stato concepito e redatto dal
Comitato Credit Insurance di ICISA, che ha lavorato
senza sosta per definire la terminologia impiegata.
Estendiamo a tutti loro sentiti ringraziamenti.
Le copie del Glossario sono disponibili gratuitamente
presso la Segreteria di ICISA.
Rob Nijhout - Direttore Generale ICISA
ICISA
[email protected]
www.icisa.org
Prefazione
Prefazione
19
Il presente Glossario è pubblicato da International
Credit Insurance & Surety Association (ICISA),
associazione leader nell’assicurazione del credito.
20
©ICISA 2009. L’intero contenuto della presente pubblicazione è
protetto dal copyright. Tutti i diritti riservati. È vietata la riproduzione,
la conservazione, e l’inoltro in qualsiasi forma: elettronica, meccanica,
fotocopie, registrazioni o ogni altro metodo di riproduzione senza
l’autorizzazione dell’editore.
Sinistri, Indennizzo
Costi di Fabbricazione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Costi pre-fatturazione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Costi sostenuti ma non fatturati . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Data del Sinistro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Data di Accertamento della Perdita . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Datum Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
FAG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Franchigia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31, 37, 62
Franchigia Globale Annua . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Franchigia per singolo sinistro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Franchigia relativa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33, 37
Inadempimento . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Indennizzo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Informazioni negative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Mancato Pagamento . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35, 85
NQL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Perdita imminente . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Periodo di attesa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Periodo di attesa per la gestione di un sinistro . . . . . . 33
Polizza “Claims made” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Riscadenzamento . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Rischio di mancato pagamento . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Indice dei contenuti
Disclaimer
21
Le informazioni contenute dal presente Glossario dei Termini
dell’Assicurazione del Credito sono state predisposte per la facile
consultazione da parte degli utenti. Sebbene le definizioni siano
state raccolte, elaborate e riportate con scrupolo, tuttavia non
si garantisce l’accuratezza, la completezza o l’adeguatezza delle
stesse. Il Glossario fornisce la descrizione di termini comunemente
impiegati nell’assicurazione del credito. Esso non garantisce che le
definizioni corrispondano a termini legali o che da esse si possano
pretendere diritti di alcun genere o ancora che tali definizioni
possano modificare, alterare, chiarire o dare significato a termini che
potrebbero essere impiegati nel settore dell’assicurazione del credito,
per il rischio commerciale e politico.
In nessuna circostanza ICISA o le Compagnie affiliate saranno
responsabili per qualsiasi danno, diretto o indiretto, particolare o
generale, in relazione agli eventuali errori, omissioni o inesattezze
ivi riportate, anche qualora ICISA, i suoi membri o un proprio
rappresentante fossero stati avvisati della possibilità di tali eventuali
danni.
22
Concessione di un limite parziale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Copertura per prima fornitura . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Copertura per primo affare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39, 41
DCL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Diritto di Istruttoria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
DL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Indennizzo Massimo di Polizza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Limite di Credito . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Limite di Credito Discrezionale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Limite di Polizza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Limite Discrezionale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Massimale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Sottoscrizione de rischio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Spese di istruttoria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Termini finanziari e per l’export
Estinzione del debito . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Lettera di credito irrevocabile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Acquirente . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Agente . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Appendice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Assegnatario . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Assicurato . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, 47, 48, 51
Assicurato aggiuntivo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Assicurato primario . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Assicurato principale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Assicuratore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Assicuratore principale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Beneficiario dell’indennizzo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Broker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Cliente . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, 47
Cliente assicurato . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Co-assicurato . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Co-assicuratore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Co-assicurazione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Contraente di Polizza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, 47, 48
Copertura (ri)assicurativa facoltativa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Debitore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, 47
FAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
NBI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Offerta di copertura . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Offerta non vicolante . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Valutazione del rischio / Limiti di credito
Termini generici
23
Scoperto di polizza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Segnalazione di un sinistro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32, 37
Sinistro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32, 37
24
Acquirente / Debitore principale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Acquirente / Debitore Privato . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Acquirente / Debitore Pubblico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Acquirente / Debitore statale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Cliente principale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Copertura per Acquirente / Debitore principale . . . . 53
Garante . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Soggetto privato . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Acquirenti / Debitori assicurabili /
Valutazione del credito
Acquirente / Debitore in latitudine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Debitore valutato in autonomia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Copertura assicurativa
Assicurazione del credito all’esportazione . . . . . . . . . 64
Assicurazione in eccesso . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Consegna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Acquirenti / Debitori assicurabili
Contratto vincolante . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Copertura aggiuntiva . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Copertura globale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Copertura in Run in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Copertura in Run off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Copertura singolo Acquirente / Debitore . . . . . . . . . . 68
Copertura singolo transazione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Data di efficacia (della polizza) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Decorrenza della copertura . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Deposito . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61
Franchigia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31, 37, 62
Franchigia Assoluta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Limite aggregato . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Limite di copertura della polizza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Massimo indennizzo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65, 66
Massimo indennizzo dell’Assicuratore . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Ordine in corso . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Ordine Vincolante . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Percentuale assicurata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Percentuale di auto assicurazione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Percentuale di copertura . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62, 65
Percentuale di scoperto obbligatorio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Percentuale garantita . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Periodo di produzione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Polizza globale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
25
Provvigioni . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Quotazione non vincolante . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Rinnovo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Transazione assicurata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Valuta di Polizza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
termini finanziari relativi all’esportazione
Spedizione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Debiti assicurati / fatturato
Business a breve termine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Business a medio-termine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Data di scadenza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Data media di consegna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Dilazione massima . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Estensione media del credito . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Mercato domestico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Periodo di consegna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Periodo Massimo ante rischio credito . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Periodo massimo di proroga . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
26
Rischi assicurati
Acts of God . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Classe del Paese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Classificazione del rischio Paese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Condizioni di copertura per un Paese . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Conversione e trasferimento del rischio . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Eventi catastrofali . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Guerra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Inadempienza prolungata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Insolvenza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Insolvenza di diritto . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Limite di esposizione per Paese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Moratoria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Rating del Paese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Revoca del contratto . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Rifiuto del contratto . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Copertura assicurativa /
Proroga automatica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Proroga della data di scadenza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Termine massimo di pagamento . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Termini di dilazione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Termini di pagamento . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73, 77
Ulteriore dilazione di pagamento . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
27
Polizza Losses Occurring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Polizza Risk attaching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Quota di scoperto obbligatorio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60, 66
Retention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Rischio commerciale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Rischio di un paese terzo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Rischio ritenuto . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Rischio singolo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Riserva di proprietà . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Costi per il recupero crediti . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Garanzia accessoria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Recupero . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Riassicurazione
Obbligazioni
Cartolarizzazione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Eccesso di perdita . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Trattato in quota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
XL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
XoL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100
Obbligo di notifica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Sofferenza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Termini di reportistica
Premio, commissioni
Bonus in assenza di sinistri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Bonus in presenza di sinistri di modesto importo . . . . 95
Notifiche di fatturato . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Notifiche per saldi delle esposizioni . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Premio di deposito . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Premio minimo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Resoconto delle operazioni assicurate . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Resoconto delle spedizioni . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Andamento tecnico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Combined ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Cost ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Esposizione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Responsabilità contingente . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
28
Recupero crediti
29
Rifiuto della merce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Rischio di cambio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Rischio di produzione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80, 87
Rischio paese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Rischio Politico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Rischio pre-spedizione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80, 87
Rischio successivo alla spedizione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Ritardo di transferimento . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Termine costitutivo di sinistro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
30
31
I
Adverse information
Events or circumstances that have led or may
lead to a deterioration of the financial situation or
creditworthiness of a buyer.
Informazioni negative
Qualsiasi evento o circostanza che abbia dato origine o
possa dar origine ad un peggioramento /deterioramento
della situazione finanziaria o affidabilità di un Cliente.
Aggregate first loss (AFL, Policy deductible)
The total amount of approved claims during an
insurance period, which are to be borne by the insured
for his own account prior to indemnification by the
insurer.
Franchigia Globale Annua (FAG, Franchigia)
L’importo totale dei sinistri indennizzabili riferiti ad
una singola Annualità Assicurativa che l’Assicurato
sostiene a proprio carico prima di ricevere l’indennizzo
da parte dell’Assicuratore
Claims, indemnity
32
Claims, indemnity
An application by the insured for indemnification of a
loss under the policy.
e franchigia relativa per singolo sinistro)
Sinistro (segnalazione di un sinistro)
L’importo, al di sotto del quale, un sinistro non è
indennizzabile e rimane quindi a carico dell’Assicurato.
La denuncia di sinistro da parte dell’Assicurato per
l’indennizzo di un sinistro verificatosi nell’ambito della
polizza.
Claims waiting period
(Claim filing waiting period, Waiting period)
Claims made policy
Policy, which covers applications for indemnification
made during the policy term.
See also: Losses occurring policies and Risk attaching
policies
Claims made policy / Polizza “Claims made”
Polizza che copre le richieste di indennizzo inoltrate
durante il periodo di validità della Polizza.
Vd. Anche: Polizze Loss Occurring e Polizze Risk
Attaching
Claims threshold (Non qualifying loss, Threshold)
The amount below which losses do not qualify for
indemnification and are to be kept by the
insured for his own account.
The period, usually starting from the due date of
payment or intervention order, after the expiry of which
a claim may be submitted and the loss is assessed.
Periodo di attesa (periodo di attesa per la gestione di
un sinistro, periodo di attesa)
Il periodo, normalmente decorrente dalla scadenza
del credito o dalla richiesta di intervento, trascorso il
quale la perdita si intende accertata e la richiesta di
indennizzo può essere inoltrata all’Assicuratore.
Franchigia relativa (perdita non indennizzabile
33
Claim (Notice of claim)
Costs incurred but not billed) Expenses incurred for
uncompleted rendered services or product construction.
Costi di Fabbricazione
Default (Payment default)
(Costi pre-fatturazione; costi sostenuti ma non fatturati)
Failure of the buyer to meet his contractual (payment)
obligations. A default is an event that can lead to a loss
for the credit insurer, such as bankruptcy, Chapter 11 or
any other failure to pay of the buyer which is covered
under the insured’s policy.
Costi sostenuti per servizi e/o prodotti non ancora
forniti e/o ultimati.
Date of ascertainment of loss (Date of loss)
1. Date on which the insured loss will be assessed by
the insurer
2. Date on which the insured loss is deemed to have
occurred.
Data di Accertamento della Perdita (Data del Sinistro)
1. Data in cui la perdita assicurata viene valutata
dall’Assicuratore.
2. Data in cui la perdita assicurata si intende accertata.
Inadempimento (Mancato Pagamento)
Incapacità dell’Acquirente/Debitore di rispettare
i propri obblighi contrattuali (pagamento). Per
inadempimento si intende un evento che può generare
una perdita per l’Assicuratore del Credito, come il
fallimento (Chapter 11) o qualsiasi altro mancato
pagamento da parte di un Acquirente/Debitore, che sia
assicurato dalla Polizza.
Imminent loss
Datum line
An amount below which buyers are not to be included
in the insurance policy.
Datum Line
Importo di esposizione al di sotto del quale gli
Acquirenti/Debitori sono esclusi dalla polizza.
Any events or circumstances that have lead or may lead
to a deterioration of the financial situation of a buyer.
Perdita imminente
Qualsiasi evento o circostanza che abbia generato o
possa generare un peggioramento della situazione
finanziaria di un Cliente.
34
Claims, indemnity
35
Costs for work in progress (Pre-invoicing expenses,
36
Claims, indemnity
Compensation for a loss.
(Franchigia per singolo sinistro, NQL, Franchigia)
Indennizzo
Risarcimento di una perdita.
La denuncia di sinistro da parte dell’Assicurato per
l’indennizzo di una perdita verificatasi nell’ambito della
polizza.
Minimum retention
Notice of claim (Claim)
The minimum amount of each loss that the insured has
to bear for his own account.
An application by the insured for indemnification of a
loss under the policy.
Scoperto di polizza
Segnalazione di sinistro (Sinistro)
L’importo minimo che l’Assicurato deve sopportare a
proprio carico per ogni singola perdita.
La richiesta di indennizzo da parte dell’Assicurato
relativamente ad un sinistro verificatosi nell’ambito
della Polizza.
Non payment risk
The risk that a buyer will default on its obligation to
pay an invoice.
Rischio di mancato pagamento
Il rischio che un Acquirente/Debitore risulti
inadempiente al pagamento di una fattura.
Non qualifying loss (Claims threshold, NQL, Threshold)
The amount below which losses do not qualify for
indemnification and are to be kept by the
insured for his own account.
Rescheduling
Amending the credit terms of a debt by setting one or
more new due dates.
Riscadenzamento
Variazione dei termini di pagamento di un credito,
protraendone la/le scadenza/e.
Franchigia relativa
37
Indemnification
38
39
...................................................................
...................................................................
II
...................................................................
Aggregate limit (Policy limit, Insurer’s maximum liability)
...................................................................
Maximum amount that the insurer is liable to pay with
respect to all losses during a policy period.
Massimale (Limite di Polizza, Indennizzo Massimo di Polizza)
...................................................................
Importo Massimo che l’Assicuratore è tenuto a pagare
in relazione a tutte le perdite verificatesi durante il
Periodo di Polizza
...................................................................
Blind cover
...................................................................
...................................................................
...................................................................
Policy feature that provides (a reduced percentage of)
cover when no credit limit has been established on the
Buyer and no adverse information is known.
(see also under First Sale Clause)
Copertura per primo affare
...................................................................
...................................................................
...................................................................
Condizione di polizza che prevede la copertura (con
percentuale di copertura ridotta) nei casi in cui non è
stato stabilito un limite di credito per un Cliente e non
sia nota alcuna informazione negativa. Vedi anche First
Order Cover/Copertura per prima fornitura.
...................................................................
40
Discretionary limit
Contribution to the costs of credit information
gathered for the assessment of the buyer risk.
(DL, Discretionar y credit limit, DCL, Non-vetting limit)
Diritto di Istruttoria (Spese di istruttoria)
Contributo per i costi delle informazioni finalizzate alla
valutazione del rischio.
The amount up to which, according to given guidelines,
the insured may set a credit limit without specific
review by the insurer.
Limite Discrezionale
(DL, Limite di Credito Discrezionale, DCL)
Credit limit
The maximum exposure specifically approved or
otherwise authorised by the insurer in respect of a
buyer.
Limite di Credito
L’esposizione massima specificatamente approvata
o altrimenti autorizzata dall’Assicuratore per ogni
Cliente.
L’importo entro il quale, sulla base di criteri predefiniti,
l’Assicurato è autorizzato a stabilire un limite di credito
senza l’intervento specifico da parte dell’Assicuratore.
First order cover (First sale clause)
Policy feature that provides cover for risks commencing
before a credit limit has been established, for buyers
with whom the insured has not traded before.
Copertura per prima fornitura
(Coper tura per primo affare)
Credit underwriting
Assessment by the credit insurer of the financial
condition of buyers, prior to setting a credit limit.
Sottoscrizione del rischio
Valutazione da parte dell’Assicuratore del Credito della
situazione patrimoniale dell’Acquirente/Debitore, per
Condizione di polizza che prevede la copertura per
rischi che hanno inizio antecedentemente alla data di
concessione di un limite di credito, relativamente ad
Acquirenti/Debitori con i quali l’Assicurato non ha
ancora maturato un’esperienza commerciale.
Credit assessment fee (Credit rating fee)
41
la definizione di un Limite di credito.
Decision of an underwriter to not fully grant the credit
limit amount applied for by the insured.
Concessione di un limite parziale
Decisione da parte di un analista di non concedere
l’intero importo di limite di credito richiesto
dall’Assicurato.
III
Discharge of debt
Relieve a party from a financial commitment.
Estinzione del debito
Sollevare un soggetto da un obbligo di natura
finanziaria.
Irrevocable (documentar y) letter of credit
1. Unalterable obligation of a bank authorising a
person or company to draw money up to a specified
amount, usually a third party bank, subject to
documentary compliance;
2. as per definition in UPC.
Lettera di credito irrevocabile.
1. Obbligo non revocabile di una banca che autorizza
una persona o una società a prelevare denaro fino
ad un importo determinato, generalmente una
banca terza, a condizione che i requisiti documentari
vengano rispettati.
2. come definito nell’UPC (NUU: Norme e Usi Uniformi).
42
43
Partial acceptance of a limit.
44
Termini generici
IV
Assignee (Loss payee)
Party to whom is transferred (by authorisation or the
insured) the legal rights to a claim payment under a policy.
Assegnatario (Beneficiario dell’indennizzo)
Soggetto al quale viene trasferito (dietro autorizzazione
da parte dell’Assicurato) il diritto a ricevere
l’indennizzo nell’ambito di una polizza.
Broker (Agent)
The party via which an application for insurance is
presented from prospective insured to the insurer.
Broker (Agente)
Soggetto tramite il quale viene inviata richiesta di
copertura assicurativa all’Assicuratore da parte di un
potenziale Assicurato.
Buyer (Debtor)
The business entity to which an insured sells its goods
or services
Termini generici
45
General terms
46
General terms
Entità giuridica al quale l’Assicurato vende i propri
prodotti e servizi.
Customer may refer to both the Buyer and the Insured.
See under these terms.
Cliente (Debitore, Assicurato, Contraente di Polizza)
Client (Insured, Policy holder)
Party that purchases the insurance policy and assumes
responsibilities and obligations under that policy.
Il termine Cliente può far riferimento sia al Cliente
Acquirente/Debitore, sia all’Assicurato. Vd. anche tali
definizioni.
Cliente (Assicurato, Contraente di Polizza)
Soggetto che acquista la copertura assicurativa
(polizza) ed assume i relativi obblighi.
Endorsement
Addendum to or enhancement of the policy conditions
Appendice
Commission
Integrazione, modifica o chiarimento delle condizioni di
polizza.
Remuneration of a party (e.g. a broker for services
rendered).
Facultative (re)insurance (FAC) Provvigioni
Remunerazione riconosciuta ad un soggetto (es. Al
broker per i servizi resi).
(Re)insurance in respect of a particular risk instead of a
portfolio of risks.
Copertura (ri)assicurativa facoltativa (FAC)
Copertura (ri)assicurativa in relazione ad uno specifico
rischio anziché all’intero portafoglio di rischi.
Insured (Policy holder, Client, Named insured, Primary insured)
responsibilities and obligations under the policy.
Termini generici
Customer (Buyer, Debtor, Insured, Policy holder)
47
Acquirente (Debitore)
48
General terms
Soggetto che acquista la copertura assicurativa
(polizza) e ne assume i relativi obblighi e
responsabilità.
Insurance offered by more than one insurer for their
combined account.
Co-assicurazione
Copertura assicurativa combinata offerta da più
Assicuratori ad un Cliente.
Insured transaction
(Insured obligation, Insured buyer obligation)
Joint insured (Additional named insured, Co-insured)
An obligation owing from a specific buyer to the insured
and falling within the scope of the insurance contract
A party, which together with the insured, purchases the
insurance policy and assumes specified responsibilities
and obligations.
Transazione assicurata
Obbligo contrattuale di un Acquirente/Debitore
specifico nei confronti dell’Assicurato che rientra
nell’oggetto di Polizza. .
Co-assicurato (Assicurato aggiuntivo)
Soggetto che insieme all’Assicurato sottoscrive la
Polizza assicurativa e ne assume i relativi obblighi e
responsabilità.
Insurer
Party offering insurance policies for premiums, an
underwriter.
Assicuratore
Obbligo contrattuale di un Acquirente/Debitore verso
l’Assicurato, che rientra nella copertura di Polizza.
Joint insurer
Insurer offering insurance policies in cooperation with
one or more insurers for their combined account.
Co-assicuratore
Compagnia che offre contratti di copertura assicurativa
in maniera combinata con uno o più Assicuratori.
Termini generici
Joint insurance
49
Assicurato (Contraente di Polizza, Assicurato primario)
50
General terms
Leading insured on behalf of a group of joint-insured.
Offerta di condizioni di polizza, stabilite in base alle
informazioni contenute nel Modulo di Proposta.
Assicurato principale
Assicurato principale che agisce per conto di un gruppo
di Co-assicurati (Assicurati aggiuntivi).
Policy currency
Main insurer
Leading insurer on behalf of a group of joint insurers.
Assicuratore principale
Assicuratore principale che agisce per conto di un
gruppo di Co-assicuratori.
Non binding indication
The currency in which all financial transactions or
amounts under the policy are denominated (credit
limits, indemnifications, costs, premium etc.).
Valuta di Polizza
La valuta alla quale fanno riferimento tutte le
operazioni finanziare o gli importi relativi alla polizza
(Limiti di credito, indennizzi, costi, premi, ecc.).
(NBI, Quotation non-binding, Quote non-binding)
An insurer’s written offer of policy terms and
conditions, subject to change by the insurer.
Offerta non vincolante
(NBI, Quotazione non vincolante)
Offerta scritta di un Assicuratore relativa a termini e
condizioni di polizza, soggetta ad eventuali modifiche
da parte dello stesso.
Offer of cover
Indication of conditions for cover based on information
given on an application form.
Policy holder (Insured client)
responsibilities and obligations under the policy.
Assicurato (Cliente assicurato)
Parte che sottoscrive la polizza di assicurazione e ne
assume responsabilità e obblighi derivanti.
Termini generici
Offerta di copertura
51
Main insured
Prolongation of a policy or a credit limit after expiry
of their validity or after a specified period of time.
Insurable debtors
Acquirenti/Debitori assicurabili
Rinnovo
Rinnovo di una polizza o di un limite di credito,
successivamente alla scadenza della loro validità o
dopo uno specifico periodo di tempo.
V
Guarantor
An individual or company that gives a promise or
assurance that an obligation owing from the buyer to
the insured will be paid.
Garante
Individuo o società che si impegna a pagare o
garantisce il pagamento di un importo dovuto
dall’Acquirente/Debitore all’Assicurato.
Key debtor or cover for key debtor
(Key buyer, key customer)
(Cover for) the insured’s largest buyers only (as
opposed to whole turnover cover or single risk cover).
Acquirente / Debitore principale o copertura
per Acquirente / Debitore principale
(Acquirente/Debitore principale, cliente principale)
Copertura limitata ai maggiori Acquirenti/Debitori
(diversamente dalla copertura dell’intero giro d’affari
52
General terms
53
Renewal
(Government buyers, Government debtors)
Private buyer (Private debtor)
The business entity to which an insured sells its
goods or services and that is:
1. Not a public buyer;
2. not majority-owned by a government.
Acquirente / Debitore Privato
L’impresa alla quale l’Assicurato vende merci o fornisce
servizi che non sia:
1. Acquirente/Debitore Pubblico;
2. Azienda con azionariato di maggioranza detenuto
dallo Stato.
Private individual
A person who buys goods or services for a purpose
other than the purpose of his professional activity.
Soggetto privato
Soggetto privato che acquista merci e servizi per scopi
diversi da quelli relativi alla sua attività professionale.
The entity to which an insured sells its goods or services
and that is:
1. Authorised to enter into commitments in the name or
on behalf of the government of its country, including
the government itself, government agencies or any
public sector institutions;
2. majority-owned by a government;
3. an entity whose commitments are guaranteed by the
government.
Acquirente/Debitore Pubblico
(Acquirente/Debitore statale)
L’entità alla quale l’Assicurato vende la propria merce o
offre i propri servizi ed è:
1.Autorizzata a prendere impegni in nome o per conto
del Governo del proprio Paese, incluso il Governo
stesso, Enti Statali o altre Istituzioni Pubbliche;
2.Azienda con azionariato di maggioranza detenuto
dallo Stato;
3.Soggetto i cui impegni sono garantiti dallo Stato.
54
Insurable debtors
Public buyer
55
o dal rischio singolo)
56
57
...................................................................
Acquirenti/Debitori assicurabili/
Valutazione del credito
...................................................................
...................................................................
VI
Unspecified customer
(DCL buyer / debtor, Unnamed buyer / debtor)
...................................................................
...................................................................
A buyer for which, according to given guidelines,
insured may set a credit limit without specific review by
the insurer.
Debitore valutato in autonomia
...................................................................
(Acquirente/Debitore in latitudine)
...................................................................
Acquirente/Debitore per il quale, in base a criteri
predefiniti, l’Assicurato può stabilire un limite di credito
senza specifica valutazione da parte dell’assicuratore.
...................................................................
...................................................................
...................................................................
...................................................................
...................................................................
Acquirenti/Debitori assicurabili / Valutazione del credito
Insurable debtors / credit assessment
...................................................................
58
59
...................................................................
...................................................................
...................................................................
...................................................................
...................................................................
...................................................................
VII
Binding order (Pending order, Binding contracts)
Order that the insured cannot be released from if the
buyer’s financial soundness is
deteriorating. Under pre-defined conditions, credit
insurance may be offered for such contracts even after
withdrawal of the credit limit.
Ordine Vincolante
(Ordine in corso, contratto vincolante)
...................................................................
Ordine che l’Assicurato è tenuto a rispettare anche se
la situazione finanziaria dell’Acquirente/Debitore è
in peggioramento. In base a condizioni prestabilite, la
copertura assicurativa può essere garantita per alcuni
contratti anche dopo la revoca del limite di credito.
...................................................................
Co-insurance (uninsured percentage, Self insured
...................................................................
...................................................................
percentage, Retention, Retained risk)
...................................................................
...................................................................
The percentage of each insured loss that is not
indemnified by the insurer and that the insured has to
bear for its own account.
Insurance cover
...................................................................
60
Insurance cover
(percentuale non coperta, percentuale di auto assicurazione,
Rischio di peggioramento della situazione finanziaria o
della solvibilità di un Acquirente/Debitore privato che
determina l’inadempimento o l’insolvenza dello stesso,
non causato da circostanze o accadimenti definiti come
rischio politico.
retention, rischio ritenuto)
La percentuale della perdita assicurata non indennizzabile
dall’assicuratore e che rimane a carico dell’assicurato.
Commencement of cover (Transaction date)
Beginning of taking effect of the insurance (at date of
order or transaction, at date of delivery or shipment, at
date of completion of performance of services) for each
individual trade transaction covered under the police.
Comprehensive cover
Decorrenza della copertura
Copertura globale
Decorrenza della copertura assicurativa (alla data
dell’ordine o della transazione, alla data di consegna o
spedizione, al termine della prestazione del servizio)
per ogni singola transazione assicurata.
1. Assicurazione dell’intero giro d’affari dell’Assicurato
(diversamente dalla copertura del rischio singolo);
2. Assicurazione di entrambi i rischi, commerciale e
politico.
1. Insurance of the entire sales turnover of the insured
(opp. Single risk cover);
2. insurance for both commercial and political risks.
Consignment
Commercial risk
The risk of a deterioration in the financial situation or
creditworthiness of a private buyer,
resulting in payment default by or the insolvency of
the buyer, not caused by circumstances or occurrences
defined as political risk.
Possession of goods by a consignee with the obligation
to pay the supplier after the sale to a third party or
when using the goods.
Deposito
Merce in possesso di un soggetto depositario che ha
l’obbligo di pagare il fornitore dopo la vendita ad una
Rischio commerciale
61
Quota di scoperto obbligatorio
Making the goods available to the buyer or any person
acting on his behalf at the place and on the terms
specified in the sales contract.
Consegna
Covered percentage (Insured percentage, Percentage
of cover, Guaranteed percentage)
The percentage of each insured loss that is indemnified
by the insurer.
Rendere la merce disponibile per l’Acquirente/Debitore
o qualsiasi persona che agisce per suo conto, nel posto
e nei termini stabiliti nel contratto di vendita.
Percentuale di copertura
(percentuale assicurata, percentuale garantita)
Each and every first loss
Percentuale di copertura di ciascuna perdita assicurata,
indennizzata dall’assicuratore.
Amount to be deducted from each claim payment to be
kept for the account of the insured.
Franchigia Assoluta
Deductible
Ammontare detratto da ciascun indennizzo liquidato
all’assicurato.
The amount of loss that must be absorbed by the
insured prior to indemnification under the policy.
Franchigia
L’ammontare della perdita che deve essere assorbita
dall’Assicurato prima dell’indennizzo, in base a quanto
stabilito in polizza.
Effective date (of the policy)
The date on which the policy comes into force.
Data di efficacia (della polizza)
La data dalla quale la polizza inizia a produrre i suoi effetti.
62
Insurance cover
Delivery
63
terza parte o per utilizzo della merce.
64
Insurance cover
Insurance of credit risk related to the sale of goods to
buyers in another country.
Insurer’s maximum liability)
Assicurazione del credito all’esportazione
Assicurazione che copre il rischio di credito legato alla
vendita di beni ad Acquirenti/Debitori residenti in altri
Paesi.
Losses occurring policy
A policy under which cover is conditioned upon the
date of the cause of loss occurring within the policy
period. See also Risk attaching policies and Claims
made policies.
Massimo indennizzo
(Limite di coper tura della polizza, Limite aggregato,
Massimo indennizzo dell’Assicuratore)
Ammontare massimo degli indennizzi che l’assicuratore
è tenuto a pagare, rispetto a tutte le perdite subite in un
periodo assicurativo.
Percentage of cover (Insured percentage,
Polizza Losses Occurring
Guaranteed percentage, Covered percentage)
Polizza la cui copertura ha come riferimento la data di
accadimento della perdita entro il periodo assicurativo.
Vedi anche Risk Attaching Policies o Claims Made
Policies.
The percentage of each insured loss that is indemnified
by the insurer.
Percentuale di copertura
Percentuale di copertura di ogni singola perdita
indennizzata dall’assicuratore.
Manufacturing period
The period between the date of order and the delivery
or shipment of the goods.
Periodo di produzione
Policy limit (Aggregate limit, Annual maximum liability)
Il periodo che intercorre tra la data dell’ordine e la data
di consegna o spedizione della merce.
Maximum liability (Policy limit, Aggregate limit,
65
Export credit insurance
66
Insurance cover
Ammontare massimo degli indennizzi che l’assicuratore
è tenuto a pagare, rispetto a tutte le perdite subite in un
periodo assicurativo.
A policy under which cover attaches based on shipment
dates and where the shipment date (but not necessarily
the loss) must occur within the policy period.
See also Claims made policy, Losses occurring policy.
Polizza Risk attaching
Retained risk
The part of a loss which is not indemnified by the
insurer and for which the insured must bear the loss
without recourse to any other party.
Quota di scoperto obbligatorio
Polizza la cui copertura ha effetto a partire dalla data
di spedizione della merce (non necessariamente della
perdita) laddove tale data ricada entro il periodo
assicurativo.
Vedi anche Claims made policy, Losses occurring policy.
La percentuale della perdita assicurata non
indennizzabile dall’assicuratore e che rimane a carico
dell’Assicurato.
Run off cover
Retention of title
Condition in a sales contract which reserves the right
of product ownership to the seller until the seller has
received full payment.
Riserva di proprietà
Clausola in un contratto di vendita che riserva il diritto
di proprietà del bene al venditore fino a che questi non
abbia ricevuto il totale pagamento del bene stesso.
Continuation of cover of risks which commenced
before withdrawal of a credit limit or the expiry of
a policy until payment or until the occurrence of a
covered cause of loss.
Copertura in Run off
Prolungamento della copertura del rischio iniziato
prima della cancellazione del relativo limite di credito
o prima della scadenza della polizza fino al pagamento
del credito o all’accadimento del sinistro.
Risks attaching policy
67
Massimo indennizzo
68
Insurance cover
Copertura in Run in
Copertura che include crediti esistenti alla data di
decorrenza della polizza o alla data di richiesta del
limite di credito o alla data in cui quest’ultimo viene
concesso.
Rischio di un paese terzo
Esposizione al rischio economico e politico di un paese
diverso da quello dell’Assicurato o dell’Acquirente/
Debitore; solitamente il paese attraverso il quale può
transitare la merce spedita, o dove la merce stessa deve
essere consegnata o il servizio prestato.
Single buyer cover
(Single debtor / Single risk cover, Transactional cover)
Cover for all sales to one debtor or for single contract
with one debtor (as opposed to whole turnover and
key buyer).
Top-up cover (Excess insurance)
Copertura singolo Acquirente / Debitore
Copertura aggiuntiva (Assicurazione in eccesso)
(rischio singolo, coper tura singola transazione)
Copertura aggiuntiva oltre il limite di credito stabilito
dallo stesso o da altro assicuratore.
Copertura di tutte le vendite verso un solo Acquirente/
Debitore o del singolo contratto con un Acquirente/
Debitore (diversamente dalla polizza globale e
copertura per i principali clienti).
Additional coverage over a credit limit established by
the same or another insurer.
Uninsured percentage (Co-insurance, Retained risk,
Retention, Self-insured percentage)
Third country risk
Exposure to economic an political risks in a country
other than the country of the insured or the buyer,
The percentage of each insured loss that is not
indemnified by the insurer and that the insured has to
bear for its own account.
Inclusion of cover of amounts outstanding on buyers at
the effective date of the policy or the date a credit limit
applied for or established.
usually a country through which shipments may pass or
where the goods are to be delivered, or the services to
be performed.
69
Run-in cover
La percentuale della perdita assicurata non
indennizzabile dall’assicuratore e che rimane a carico
dell’assicurato.
Insurance cover /
financial and export terms
Copertura assicurativa /
VIII
termini finanziari relativi all’esportazione
Whole turnover policy
Shipment
A credit insurance policy that covers the insured’s total
credit sales (as opposed to Key buyer cover and Single
risk cover).
The placement en route to the buyer of the goods
ordered by the buyer.
Polizza globale
L’invio all’Acquirente/Debitore della merce ordinata
dallo stesso.
Polizza di assicurazione crediti che copre la totalità
delle vendite a dilazione dell’Assicurato (diversamente
dalla copertura assicurativa per clienti principali e dal
rischio singolo).
Spedizione
Copertura assicurativa / termini finanziari relativi all’esportazione
70
Insurance cover
71
Percentuale di scoperto obbligatorio
72
73
...................................................................
...................................................................
...................................................................
...................................................................
...................................................................
...................................................................
...................................................................
...................................................................
...................................................................
IX
Credit term (Credit period, Payment term)
1. The period after delivery or shipment of goods or
after rendering of services at the expiry of which
invoices are due to be paid;
2. the period of time provided by the insured to the
buyer for repayment of delivered goods or services.
Termini di pagamento
1. Periodo che intercorre tra la data di consegna della
merce o di prestazione del servizio e la data di
scadenza della relativa fattura;
2. Periodo concesso dall’Assicurato all’Acquirente/
Debitore per il pagamento della merce consegnata o
dei servizi prestati.
...................................................................
Delivery period
...................................................................
...................................................................
The period between date of order and delivery or
shipment of goods.
...................................................................
74
Periodo che intercorre tra la data dell’ordine della
merce e la spedizione o consegna della stessa.
(ulteriore dilazione di pagamento)
Domestic business
Concessione di un termine di pagamento più lungo
rispetto alla data originariamente concordata nel
contratto di vendita.
Transactions with buyers domiciled in the same country
as the insured.
Extension period (Maximum extension period)
Mercato domestico
Transazioni commerciali con Acquirenti/Debitori
residenti nello stesso paese dell’Assicurato.
The maximum due date extension allowed under
a policy.
Proroga automatica (Periodo massimo di proroga)
Il periodo massimo di proroga concedibile, consentito
dal contratto assicurativo.
Due date
Date by which the buyer must pay its debt according to
the sales contract or invoice.
Data di scadenza
Maximum credit terms (Maximum payment terms)
Data entro la quale l’Acquirente/Debitore deve pagare il
proprio debito in base al contratto di vendita o alla fattura.
The longest credit period approved for a buyer under
the policy.
Dilazione massima (Termine massimo di pagamento)
Extension of due date
(Due date extension, Deferral of payment)
Granting of a credit term longer than originally agreed
upon in the sales contract.
Il termine di pagamento massimo per ogni Acquirente/
Debitore stabilito in polizza.
Proroga della data di scadenza
75
Periodo di consegna
Periodo Massimo ante rischio credito
Termine massimo per la consegna. Vedi Delivery
Period / Periodo di consegna.
Mean delivery date
Average period between date of order and date
of delivery or shipment of goods or completion of
services.
Business a medio-termine
Operazioni per le quali l’assicurato concede
all’Acquirente/Debitore un termine di pagamento tra 1
e 3 anni e fino ad un massimo di 5 anni, caratterizzato
generalmente da un acconto e dal pagamento di rate di
pari importo.
Data media di consegna
Periodo medio tra la data di ordine e la data di
consegna o spedizione della merce o prestazione dei
servizi.
Payment term (Credit period, Credit term)
Average period between delivery or shipment of goods
and due date of invoice.
1. The period after delivery or shipment of goods or
after rendering of services at the expiry of which
invoices are due to be paid;
2. the period of time provided by the insured to the
buyer for repayment of delivered goods or services.
Estensione media del credito
Termine di pagamento (Termini di dilazione)
Periodo medio tra la consegna o spedizione della merce
e la data di scadenza della fattura.
1. Periodo successivo alla consegna o spedizione della
merce o successivo alla prestazione dei servizi alla
scadenza del quale le fatture devono essere pagate.
2. Periodo di tempo concesso dall’assicurato
all’Acquirente/Debitore per il pagamento di merce
consegnata o servizi prestati.
Mean length of credit
Medium-term business
Transactions under which the insured provides the
Maximum delivery period. See under Delivery period.
76
buyer with a credit period between 1 and 3 to 5 years
in length, usually characterised by a down payment and
equal instalments of payment.
77
Maximum pre-credit risk period
Transactions under which the insured provides the
buyer with a credit period up to two years.
Insured risks
Rischi assicurati
Business a breve termine
Operazioni per le quali l’assicurato concede un termine
di pagamento all’Acquirente/Debitore fino a 2 anni.
X
Contract frustration
An arbitrary withdrawal of a party from its duties and
responsibilities imposed by a contract.
Revoca del contratto
Revoca del contratto di una delle parti, per essere
liberata dai propri obblighi e responsabilità derivanti
dal contratto stesso.
Contract repudiation
Impossibility to perform a trade contract.
Rifiuto del contratto
Impossibilità ad adempire alle obbligazioni previste da
un contratto commerciale.
Rischi assicurati
78
79
Short-term business
80
Insured risks
(Pre-credit risk, Pre-shipment risk, Work in process)
1. Rischio di revoca da parte del governo
dell’Acquirente/Debitore, del pre-esistente diritto di
effettuare pagamenti fatturati in una valuta diversa
dalla valuta del Paese dell’Acquirente/Debitore, a
qualunque tasso di cambio;
2. rischio politico risultante da un evento verificatosi
al di fuori del Paese dell’Assicurato, che impedisce
o provoca ritardo nel trasferimento di fondi pagati
dall’Acquirente/Debitore ad una banca locale.
The commercial risk of insolvency of a buyer before
delivery or shipment of the goods or performance of
a service, and/or the political risk of any interruption
of the manufacturing of the goods or performance
of a service.
Rischio di produzione (Rischio pre-spedizione)
Il rischio commerciale di insolvenza dell’Acquirente/
Debitore prima della consegna o della spedizione della
merce o della prestazione del servizio; e/o il rischio
politico di interruzione della produzione della merce o
della prestazione del servizio.
Conversion and transfer risk (Transfer risk)
1. The risk of revocation by the buyer’s government of
the buyer’s pre-existing legal right to make payment
in an invoiced currency that is different from
the currency of the buyer country, at any rate of
exchange;
2. political risk resulting from an event outside the
insured’s country preventing or delaying the transfer
of funds paid by the debtor to a local bank.
Rischi assicurati
Conversione e trasferimento del rischio
81
Contract risk
82
Insured risks
Terms of coverage imposed by the insurer for its
acceptance of cover on (buyers in) a particular country.
Fluctuation in the buyer’s currency against another
currency, which may affect the buyer’s
financial ability to pay its obligations.
Condizioni di copertura per un Paese
Termini di copertura imposti dall’assicuratore per
l’assunzione in copertura di (Acquirenti/Debitori
residenti in) Paesi particolari.
Country limit
The maximum exposure specifically approved or
otherwise authorised by the insurer in respect of a
particular country.
Rischio di cambio
Fluttuazione della valuta dell’Acquirente/Debitore
rispetto ad un’altra valuta, che può influenzare la
capacità finanziaria dello stesso nell’onorare i propri
debiti.
Insolvency (Bankruptcy)
Country rating
A judicial or administrative procedure whereby the
assets and affairs of the buyer are made subject to
control or supervision by the court or a person or body
appointed by the court or by law, for the purpose of
reorganisation or liquidation of the buyer or of the
rescheduling, settlement or suspension of payment of
its debts.
(Countr y rank, Countr y risk classification)
Insolvenza (Insolvenza di diritto)
Indication of creditworthiness of a country.
Procedura giudiziaria o amministrativa in base alla
quale le attività e gli affari dell’Acquirente/Debitore
sono soggetti a controllo o supervisione da parte di
un tribunale o soggetto incaricato da un tribunale o
dalla legge, con il proposito di riorganizzare o liquidare
l’attività dell’Acquirente/Debitore, o di scadenzare,
Limite di esposizione per Paese
La massima esposizione specificamente approvata o
autorizzata dall’Assicuratore per un particolare Paese.
Rating del Paese
(Classe del Paese, Classificazione del rischio Paese)
Valutazione del merito di credito di un Paese.
Rischi assicurati
Exchange risk
83
Country cover conditions
Rifiuto della merce
Rifiuto o impossibilità dell’Acquirente/Debitore di
entrare in possesso della merce spedita dall’assicurato.
Moratorium
Payment default (Default)
A cessation of payments, usually by a government
against all or a class of creditors.
Failure by a buyer to make payment for delivered
goods or services by the due date specified in the
invoice or sales contract. A default is an event that
could lead to a loss for the credit insurer such as
bankruptcy, Chapter 11 or any other failure to pay of
the buyer which is covered under the insured’s policy.
Moratoria
Cessazione dei pagamenti, generalmente attivata da un
Governo, verso tutti i creditori o categorie di essi.
Mancato Pagamento (Default)
Natural disasters (Acts of God)
Manifestation of a natural force that is beyond the
control of the insured, buyer, guarantor or government.
See also: Political risk
Eventi catastrofali (Acts of God)
Manifestazioni catastrofali della natura al di fuori del
controllo dell’Assicurato, dell’Acquirente/Debitore,
del garante o del governo. Vedi anche: Political risk /
Rischio politico.
Mancato pagamento della merce consegnata o dei
servizi prestati, da parte dell’Acquirente/Debitore entro
la data concordata in fattura o nel contratto di vendita.
Un inadempimento è un evento che potrebbe causare
una perdita per l’Assicuratore, come l’insolvenza di
diritto, l’amministrazione controllata o qualunque
motivo di incapacità di pagare dell’Acquirente/
Debitore, che è coperto dalla polizza.
Rischi assicurati
Refusal or failure of the buyer to take possession of
products shipped by the insured.
Insured risks
84
Non acceptance of goods
85
saldare o sospendere il pagamento dei suoi debiti.
86
Insured risks
1. The risk that a government buyer or country prevents
the fulfilment of a transaction or fails to meet
payment obligations in time. The risk that is beyond
the scope of an individual buyer or falls outside the
individual buyer’s responsibility;
2. the risk that a country prevents the performance of a
transaction;
3. the risk that a country remains in default to transfer
to the country of the insured the moneys paid by
buyers domiciled in that country.
Risk of non-payment arising after the delivery of
shipment of the goods or completion of the
performance of services.
Rischio Politico (Rischio paese)
(Contract risk, Pre-shipment risk, Work in process)
1. Rischio che un governo o un Paese debitore impedisca
la conclusione di una transazione o sia responsabile
del mancato rispetto delle scadenze dei pagamenti.
Rischio indipendente dall’attività del soggetto
Acquirente/Debitore o la cui responsabilità non sia
riconducibile allo stesso soggetto Acquirente/Debitore;
2. Rischio che un Paese impedisca il compimento di una
transazione;
3. Rischio che un Paese sia impossibilitato a trasferire
presso il paese dell’Assicurato, l’importo pagato
dall’Acquirente/Debitore domiciliato nel suddetto paese.
The commercial risk of insolvency of a buyer before
delivery or shipment of the goods or performance of
a service, and/or the political risk of any interruption
of the manufacturing of the goods or performance
of a service.
Rischio successivo alla spedizione
Rischio di mancato pagamento che si manifesta dopo
la consegna o la spedizione della merce o la prestazione
dei servizi.
Pre-credit risk
Rischio di produzione (Rischio pre-spedizione)
Il rischio commerciale di insolvenza dell’Acquirente/
Debitore prima della consegna o della spedizione della
merce o della prestazione del servizio; e/o il rischio
politico di interruzione della produzione della merce o
della prestazione del servizio.
Rischi assicurati
Post-shipment risk
87
Political risk (Countr y risk)
88
Insured risks
Failure by a buyer to pay the contractual debt within
a pre-defined period calculated from the due date of
the debt.
Il periodo, normalmente decorrente dalla scadenza
del credito o dalla richiesta di intervento, trascorso il
quale la perdita si intende accertata e la richiesta di
indennizzo può essere inoltrata all’Assicuratore.
Inadempienza prolungata
Mancato pagamento dell’obbligazione da parte
dell’Acquirente/Debitore entro un periodo pre-definito,
decorrente dalla data di scadenza del debito.
Transfer delay
The period of time between when a foreign buyer
applies for foreign exchange to repay its obligation to
an insured and when the insured receives the fund
War
Ritardo di trasferimento
A declared military conflict between nations.
Il periodo che intercorre tra il momento in cui
l’Acquirente/Debitore estero ordina il pagamento in
valuta della somma dovuta all’Assicurato e il momento
in cui quest’ultimo la riceve.
Guerra
Waiting period (Claim filing waiting period)
The period, usually starting from the due date of
payment or intervention order, after the expiry
of which a claim may be submitted and the loss is
assessed.
Conflitto militare dichiarato tra nazioni.
Rischi assicurati
Termine costitutivo di sinistro
89
Protracted default (Default)
90
91
...................................................................
Obbligazioni
...................................................................
...................................................................
...................................................................
...................................................................
XI
Due to notify
Obligation of the insured to notify the insurer of
changes of insurable turnover as indicated on the
applications form for the policy, adverse information,
overdue accounts.
Obbligo di notifica
...................................................................
...................................................................
L’obbligo dell’assicurato di informare l’Assicuratore in
merito a cambiamenti relativi al fatturato assicurabile
indicato nel modulo di proposta, informazioni di
carattere negativo e sofferenze.
...................................................................
...................................................................
Overdue account (Past due account, Defaulted account)
A buyer obligation that has not been paid by its due date.
...................................................................
Sofferenza
...................................................................
Obbligazione di pagamento non rispettata alla relativa
scadenza.
...................................................................
Obbligazioni
Obligations
...................................................................
92
93
...................................................................
Premio, commissioni
...................................................................
XII
...................................................................
Declaration of outstanding balances
...................................................................
Specification of outstanding balances (typically per end
of the month) on the buyers covered under the policy
as the basis for premium calculation.
...................................................................
Notifiche per saldi delle esposizioni
...................................................................
Notifica delle esposizioni (solitamente alla fine del
mese) verso i debitori coperti da polizza, per il calcolo
del premio.
...................................................................
...................................................................
Declaration of turnover
...................................................................
(Shipment repor t, Insured transactions repor t)
...................................................................
Specification of the invoiced turnover on the buyers
covered under the policy as the basis for premium
calculation.
...................................................................
Notifiche di fatturato (Resoconto delle spedizioni,
resoconto delle operazioni assicurate)
...................................................................
Notifica delle fatture emesse verso i debitori coperti da
Premio, commissioni
Premium, fees
...................................................................
(Bonus in presenza di sinistri di modesto impor to)
Deposit premium
(Instalments of) premium paid in advance, to be adjusted
upon receipt of the declaration of turnover or outstanding
balances.
Premio di deposito
(Rata di) premio pagato in anticipo, il cui saldo verrà
conguagliato a seguito della notifica di fatturato o delle
esposizioni.
Minimum premium
Agreed minimum amount of premium to be paid per
specified period regardless of the volume of declared
turnover of outstanding balances.
Premio minimo
Ammontare di premio minimo concordato da pagare
in un determinato periodo, indipendentemente dal
volume notificato del fatturato o delle esposizioni.
No claims bonus (No claims credit, Low claims bonus)
An amount or percentage provided to the insured as a
reduction of premium owed, depending on the claims
ratio of the policy.
Ammontare o percentuale accordata all’Assicurato
come riduzione del premio dovuto, in relazione
all’andamento tecnico della polizza.
Premio, commissioni
94
Premium, fees
Bonus in assenza di sinistri
95
polizza, per il calcolo del premio.
96
97
...................................................................
Recupero crediti
...................................................................
XIII
...................................................................
Collateral
...................................................................
Assets, rights or guarantees pledged as security by the
buyer or by a third party on behalf of the buyer for the
extension of credit by the insured to the buyer.
...................................................................
Garanzia accessoria
...................................................................
...................................................................
Bene, diritto o altra garanzia prestata dall’Acquirente/
Debitore o da un terzo per conto dell’Acquirente/
Debitore, come garanzia ai fini di un incremento
del limite di credito da parte dell’assicurato verso
l’Acquirente/Debitore stesso.
...................................................................
Collections costs
...................................................................
The costs incurred in preventing or minimising the loss
or for in collection the amount owing by the buyer.
...................................................................
Costi per il recupero crediti
...................................................................
Costi sostenuti per prevenire o ridurre la perdita
o recuperare l’ammontare dovuto dall’Acquirente/
Debitore.
...................................................................
Recupero crediti
...................................................................
Proceeds received from the buyer or a third party,
whether before or after a claim has been indemnified.
Reinsurance /
Recupero
Riassicurazione
neighbouring terms
Somma pagata dall’Acquirente/Debitore o da un terzo,
prima o dopo che il sinistro sia stato indennizzato.
XIV
Asset-backed securities
Proceeds received from the buyer or a third party,
whether before or after a claim has been indemnified.
Financing of companies by the capital market through
commercial papers (securities), sold by a Special
Purpose Vehicle to investors, backed by the debts
(assets) sold to a Special Purpose.
Recupero
Cartolarizzazione
Somma pagata dall’Acquirente/Debitore o da un terzo,
prima o dopo che il sinistro sia stato indennizzato.
Finanziamento di società attraverso il mercato dei capitali
a mezzo di crediti cartolari (cartolarizzazione). Crediti di
natura pecuniaria che vengono ceduti ad un particolare
intermediario denominato Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV)
che a sua volta emetterà obbligazioni con lo scopo di
collocarle presso gli investitori finali, al fine di ripagare
l’acquisto dei crediti stessi. I crediti ceduti sono costituiti a
garanzia del pagamento delle obbligazioni emesse.
Salvage (Recoveries)
Excess of loss (XL, XoL)
Insurance, cover or indemnification in excess of an
amount of first loss to be borne by the insured.
Riassicurazione
98
99
Recoveries (Salvage)
Reinsurance / neighbouring terms 100
Assicurazione, copertura o indennizzo dell’ammontare
che eccede una franchigia a carico dell’assicurato.
Reporting terms
Quota-share treaty
Claims ratio
Reinsurance in respect of a portfolio of risks insured by
a primary insurer and under which the risk is shared on
a percentage basis between the insurer and reinsurer,
i.e. not an excess-of-loss basis.
Claims payments and expenses divided by gross earned
premium and premium related revenue.
Trattato in quota
Riassicurazione di un portafoglio di rischi assicurati da
un primario assicuratore, attraverso la quale il rischio
è ripartito su base percentuale tra l’assicuratore e il
riassicuratore (diversamente dalla copertura in eccesso
di perdita).
Termini di reportistica
XV
Andamento tecnico
Il rapporto tra la somma dei sinistri liquidati con
le relative spese e la somma dei premi lordi di
competenza con i ricavi accessori.
Combined ratio
1. The sum of claims payments, claims expenses and
underwriting expenses, including cost for credit
information, divided by the sum of earned premium
and premium related revenue;
2. the sum of claims ratio and underwriting expense ratio.
Combined ratio
1. Il rapporto tra somma dei sinistri liquidati, le relative
spese, i costi di sottoscrizione, inclusi i costi per
l’acquisizione delle informazioni e la somma dei
101 Termini di reportistica
Eccesso di perdita (XL, XoL)
Reporting terms 102
Contingent liability
A conditional obligation of one party to another,
triggered by specified events.
Responsabilità contingente
Obbligazione tra due soggetti subordinata al verificarsi
di un evento.
Cost ratio (Underwriting ratio, Expense ratio)
The sum of underwriting expenses, including cost
for credit information, divided by the sum of earned
premium, including premium-related revenue.
Cost ratio
Il rapporto tra la somma dei costi sottoscrizione, inclusi
i costi per l’acquisizione delle informazioni, e la somma
dei premi lordi di competenza con i ricavi accessori.
Exposure
Total amount underwritten by the insurer as cover on a
buyer, a country or under a policy or all policies.
Esposizione
Il totale dei rischi sottoscritti dall’assicuratore per la
copertura di un Acquirente/Debitore di un paese con
riferimento ad una polizza o a tutte le polizze.
103 Termini di reportistica
premi lordi di competenza con i ricavi accessori
2. La somma dei rapporti di andamento tecnico e dei
costi di sottoscrizione.
Bankruptcy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Binding contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Binding order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Blind cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Broker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Buyer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45, 47
Claim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32, 37
Claims ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Claims threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32, 36
Claims waiting period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, 47
Index 104
Co-insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59, 69
Co-insured . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Collateral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Collections costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Combined ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Commencement of cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Commercial risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Commission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Comprehensive cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Consignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Contingent liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Contract frustration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Contract repudiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Contract risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80, 87
Conversion and transfer risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Costs for work in progress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Costs incurred but not billed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Cost ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Country cover conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82
Country limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Country rank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Country rating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Country risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Country risk classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Covered percentage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62, 65
105 Index
Acts of God . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Additional named insured . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Adverse information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
AFL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Aggregate first loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Aggregate limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39, 65
Annual maximum liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Asset-backed securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Assignee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Index 106
Discretionary credit limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Discretionary limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
DL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Domestic business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Due date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Due date extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Due to notify . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Date of ascertainment of loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Date of loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Datum line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
DCL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
DCL buyer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
DCL debtor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Debtor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45, 47
Declaration of outstanding balances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Declaration of turnover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Deductible . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35, 85, 88
Defaulted account . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Deferral of payment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Delivery period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Deposit premium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Discharge of debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Each and every first loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
Effective date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Endorsement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Excess insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Excess of loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Exchange risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Expense ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Export credit insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Exposure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Extension of due date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Extension period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
FAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Facultative (re)insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
First order cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
First sale clause . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
107 Index
Credit assessment fee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Credit limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Credit period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73, 77
Credit rating fee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Credit term . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73, 77
Credit underwriting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Customer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Joint insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Joint insured . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Joint insurer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Key buyer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Key customer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Key debtor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Index 108
Loss payee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Losses occurring policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Low claims bonus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Main insured . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Main insurer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Manufacturing period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Maximum credit terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Maximum extension period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Maximum liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Maximum payment terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Maximum pre-credit risk period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Mean delivery date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Mean length of credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Medium-term business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Minimum premium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Minimum retention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Moratorium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Named insured . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Natural disasters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
NBI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
No claims bonus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
No claims credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Non acceptance of goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
109 Index
Government buyers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Government debtors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Guaranteed percentage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62, 65
Guarantor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Imminent loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Indemnification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Insolvency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Insured . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, 47
Insured buyer obligation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Insured client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Insured obligation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Insured percentage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62, 65
Insured transaction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Insured transactions report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Insurer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Irrevocable letter of credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Index 110
Primary insured . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Private buyer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Private debtor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Private individual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Protracted default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Public buyer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Offer of cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Overdue account . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Quota-share treaty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Quotation (non-binding) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Quote (non-binding) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Partial acceptance of a limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
Past due account . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Payment default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35, 85
Payment term . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73, 77
Pending order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Percentage of cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62, 65
Policy currency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Policy deductible . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Policy holder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, 47, 51
Policy limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39, 65
Political risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Post-shipment risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80, 87
Pre-credit risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80, 87
Pre-invoicing expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Pre-shipment risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Recoveries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Rescheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Retained risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59, 66, 69
Retention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59, 69
Retention of title . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Risks attaching policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Run off cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Run-in cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Salvage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Self insured percentage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59, 69
Shipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Shipment report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
111 Index
Non-binding indication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Non payment risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Non qualifying loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32, 36
Non-vetting limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Notice of Claim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32, 37
NQL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Third country risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32, 36
Top-up cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Transaction date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Transactional cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Transfer delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Transfer risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Underwriting ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Uninsured percentage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59, 69
Unnamed buyer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Unnamed debtor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Unspecified customer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Waiting period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33, 88
War . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Whole turnover policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Work in process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80, 87
XL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
XoL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
Index 112
Acquirente . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Acquirente / Debitore in latitudine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Acquirente / Debitore principale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Acquirente / Debitore Privato . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Acquirente / Debitore Pubblico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Acquirente / Debitore statale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Acts of God . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Agente . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Andamento tecnico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Appendice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Assegnatario . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Assicurato . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, 47, 48, 51
Assicurato aggiuntivo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Assicurato primario . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Assicurato principale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Assicuratore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Assicuratore principale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Assicurazione del credito all’esportazione . . . . . . . . . 64
Assicurazione in eccesso . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Beneficiario dell’indennizzo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Bonus in assenza di sinistri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Bonus in presenza di sinistri di modesto importo . . . . 95
Broker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Business a breve termine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
113 Indice
Short-term business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Single buyer cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Single debtor / Single risk cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Indice 114
Cartolarizzazione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Classe del Paese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Classificazione del rischio Paese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Cliente . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, 47
Cliente assicurato . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Cliente principale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Co-assicurato . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Co-assicuratore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Co-assicurazione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Combined ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Concessione di un limite parziale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Condizioni di copertura per un Paese . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Consegna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Contraente di Polizza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, 47, 48
Contratto vincolante . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Conversione e trasferimento del rischio . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Copertura aggiuntiva . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Copertura globale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Copertura in Run in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Copertura in Run off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Copertura per Acquirente / Debitore principale . . . . 53
Copertura per prima fornitura . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Copertura per primo affare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39, 41
Copertura (ri)assicurativa facoltativa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Copertura singolo Acquirente / Debitore . . . . . . . . . . 68
Copertura singolo transazione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Costi di Fabbricazione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Costi per il recupero crediti . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Costi pre-fatturazione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Costi sostenuti ma non fatturati . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Cost ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Data del Sinistro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Data di Accertamento della Perdita . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Data di efficacia (della polizza) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Data di scadenza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Data media di consegna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Datum Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
DCL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Decorrenza della copertura . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Debitore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, 47
Debitore valutato in autonomia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Deposito . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61
Dilazione massima . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Diritto di Istruttoria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
DL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
115 Indice
Business a medio-termine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
FAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
FAG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Franchigia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31, 37, 62
Franchigia Assoluta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Franchigia Globale Annua . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Franchigia per singolo sinistro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Franchigia relativa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33, 37
Garante . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Garanzia accessoria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Guerra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Inadempienza prolungata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Inadempimento . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Indennizzo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Indennizzo Massimo di Polizza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Informazioni negative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Insolvenza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Insolvenza di diritto . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Indice 116
Lettera di credito irrevocabile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Limite aggregato . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Limite di copertura della polizza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Limite di Credito . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Limite di Credito Discrezionale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Limite di esposizione per Paese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Limite di Polizza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Limite Discrezionale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Massimale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Massimo indennizzo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65, 66
Massimo indennizzo dell’Assicuratore . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Mercato domestico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Moratoria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
NBI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Notifiche di fatturato . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Notifiche per saldi delle esposizioni . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
NQL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Obbligo di notifica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Offerta di copertura . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Offerta non vicolante . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Ordine in corso . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
117 Indice
Eccesso di perdita . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Esposizione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Estensione media del credito . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Estinzione del debito . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Eventi catastrofali . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Indice 118
Quotazione non vincolante . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Percentuale assicurata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Percentuale di auto assicurazione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Percentuale di copertura . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62, 65
Percentuale di scoperto obbligatorio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Percentuale garantita . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Perdita imminente . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Periodo di attesa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Periodo di attesa per la gestione di un sinistro . . . . . . 33
Periodo di consegna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Periodo di produzione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Periodo Massimo ante rischio credito . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Periodo massimo di proroga . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Polizza “Claims made” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Polizza globale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Polizza Losses Occurring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Polizza Risk attaching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Premio di deposito . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Premio minimo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Proroga automatica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Proroga della data di scadenza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Provvigioni . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Rating del Paese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Recupero . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Resoconto delle operazioni assicurate . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Resoconto delle spedizioni . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Responsabilità contingente . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Retention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Revoca del contratto . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Rifiuto del contratto . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Rifiuto della merce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Rinnovo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Riscadenzamento . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Rischio commerciale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Rischio di cambio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Rischio di mancato pagamento . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Rischio di produzione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80, 87
Rischio di un paese terzo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Rischio paese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Rischio Politico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Rischio pre-spedizione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80, 87
Rischio ritenuto . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Rischio singolo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Rischio successivo alla spedizione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Riserva di proprietà . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Quota di scoperto obbligatorio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60, 66
119 Indice
Ordine Vincolante . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Indice 120
Scoperto di polizza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Segnalazione di un sinistro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32, 37
Sinistro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32, 37
Sofferenza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Soggetto privato . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Sottoscrizione de rischio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Spedizione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Spese di istruttoria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Termine costitutivo di sinistro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Termine massimo di pagamento . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Termini di dilazione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Termini di pagamento . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73, 77
Transazione assicurata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Trattato in quota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Ulteriore dilazione di pagamento . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Valuta di Polizza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
XL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
XoL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100
121
Ritardo di transferimento . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Notes 122
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Untitled

Transcript

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