FY1970 Q3 Apr-Jun KP.. - National Optical Astronomy Observatory

KITT PEAK NATIONAL OBSERVATORY
Tucson,
Arizona
and
CERRO TOLOLO
INTER-AMERICAN
OBSERVATORY
La Serena, Chile
Operated by the
ASSOCIATION OF UNIVERSITIES FOR RESEARCH IN ASTRONOMY, INC
under contract with the
NATIONAL
SCIENCE
FOUNDATION
QUARTERLY REPORT
April-May-June
1970
KITT PEAK NATIONAL
OBSERVATORY
GENERAL
The AURA Executive Committee met at the University of Wisconsin,
Madison, on 25 June. FY 1971 salaries and ranges for KPNO and salaries
for CTIO were approved on the basis of recommendations resulting from
a meeting of the officers of AURA in Tucson on 18 June. Approval was
given in principle to a proposal by Drs. A. L. Broadfoot, M. J. Belton,
and M. B. McElroy to NASA to search for the presence of an atmosphere
on Mercury by solar occultation in the extreme ultraviolet and to
identify likely constituents on Mercury and Venus by ultraviolet airglow. Dr. Pierre Demarque, Yale University, was present to discuss a
proposal to relocate their 40-inch telescope at Bethany, Conn., on
Cerro Tololo, which was accepted in principle with further negotiations
to take place.
Mr. J. M. Miller reported on the Western Gear and
Sundt negotiations mentioned below.
Announcements were made that Mr. Minton Moore,
AURA Treasurer,
re
signed from the valley National Bank in Phoenix, to enter private
business; that Dr. Norman Hackerman,
AURA Consultant, will become
president of Rice University in Houston, Texas, on 1 September; that
Mr. Reuben H. Lorenz, administrative Board member from the University
of Wisconsin, will become vice-president for
Business Affairs of the
University on July 1; and that Dr. W. A. Hiltner will be on leave of
absence from the University of Chicago to be at the University of
Michigan beginning 1 September.
Five-Year Long-Ranqe plan presentation - In Washington, D. C, on
24 April, the Observatories' five-year long-range plans for FY 1972
through FY 1976 were presented to Dr. William D. McElroy, Director of
the NSF, and other NSF staff members.
Participating in the presenta
tions and discussions were Drs. W. A. Hiltner, President of AURA, Inc.;
N. U. Mayall, Observatory Director; V. M. Blanco, Director-CTIO; and
KPNO Associate Directors J. W. Chamberlain, D. L. Crawford, A. A. Hoag,
A. K. Pierce, and Mr. J. M. Miller.
Western Gear Meeting -
On
June 4 and 5,
Mr. Miller and Mr. L. K.
Randall, KPNO Engineering Department, visited the Heavy Machinery Divi
sion of Western Gear Corp., Everett, Wash., to discuss outstanding
change orders under the contract for fabrication of the 150-inch tele
scope mountings.
A follow-up meeting will be held in early July.
STELLAR
Scientists-in-Residence
-
Dr.
DIVISION
Daniel J.
Schroeder
left
in June,
after a one-year combined sabbatical and consulting stay at the
-1-
Observatory, to return to the physics Department at Beloit College.
His work here was in optical design, and as a consultant he designed
and specified viewing and other optical systems for the 150-inch
telescope instrumentation. His major work for the Observatory,
however, was the design of a Cassegrain echelle spectrograph for
the 150-inch telescopes.
Drs. H. A. Abt and Patrick Osmer will be
the sponsoring scientists for this development, and it is hoped
that Dr.
Schroeder will continue to consult with them from time to
time as the engineering design for the instruments progresses.
Dr. Schroeder also provided a design for a small asymmetric CzernyTurner spectrometer that is being used by Dr. A. A. Hoag, W. F.
Ball, and D. E. Trumbo in the development of a computer-controlled
image dissector scanner. He also investigated the properties of
blazed transmission gratings when used in the converging beam of a
telescope, and he has applied this method, together with Dr. Hoag,
in searches for faint peculiar objects. Dr. Schroeder has sub
mitted a number of papers, describing his Observatory work, for
publication.
Dr. S. E. Strom and Karen Strom are spending the summer at the
Observatory doing some observing and continuing a number of their
research projects on the physical properties and evolutionary
status
of
stars
in clusters.
Drs. Roberta Humphrey and Howard Bond have been in residence for
short stays during this report period, using the Grant spectrum
comparator for measurement of material obtained at the Cerro
Tololo Inter-American Observatory.
Consulting Astromoner - Dr. Richard H. Miller left the Observatory
on 18 June following a three-month stay as Consulting Astronomer.
While here, he continued his theoretical and computational work
on detectability of stellar interferometer fringes, and on computer
modeling of the dynamics and evolution of galaxies. He reported
some of his work on the first subject at the June meetings of the
AAS, Boulder, Col., in a paper entitled "Fringe Visibility Measure
ments in Stellar Interferometry".
He also described some of his
work on the second subject at a Steward Observatory-Kitt Peak
National Observatory Colloquium entitled "Numerical Experiments
in Spiral Structure" in May.
Dr. Miller also consulted with the
staff concerning the Observatory computer facilities and the
proposed computer system for the 150-inch telescope and, at the
request of the Observatory Director, prepared a report of his
discussions. He has returned to the Institute for Computer
Research at the University of Chicago..
-2-
Summer Students - Three students began work in the Division in June:
Reginald J. Dufour is working with Dr. Hoag on application of the
image dissector scanner to a number of spectrophotometry problems;
Robert McMillan is working with Dr. G. W. Lockwood on the identifi
cation and photometry of intrinsically red objects; and Frederick
Vrba is working with Dr. H. M. Dyck on the problem of luminosity
calibration of K-line indices.
A more detailed account of their
activities will be given in the next report.
Staff Activities - Dr. Abt participated in the Council meeting of
the American Astronomical Society in June, consulting on questions
concerning the Astrophysical Journal.
At the same time, Dr. Hoag
reported to the AAS Working Group on Photographic Materials on
"Projection Sensitometers for the 150-inch Telescope Cameras" and
"Tests of an Astronomical Emulsion Coated on Estar Base".
This
work was done in collaboration with William Schoening.
Dr. D. L.
Crawford, Associate Director, Research Support Division, presented
a paper entitled "Four-Color and Hjg Photometry for Open Clusters.
V. NGC 752",
jointly authored with Mrs. Jeannette Barnes.
Dr. Lockwood attended the Astronomical Society of the Pacific
meetings in Penticton, B.C., Canada, in June and, together with
W. K. Hartmann of the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of
Arizona, presented a paper on "Visibility and Extinction Changes at
Kitt Peak,
1960-69".
Instrumentation - Mr. Nathaniel Hazen, following precepts originated
by Dr. I. J. Danziger, Harvard College Observatory, and the Kitt
Peak and Cerro Tololo staffs, is directing his Harvard Solar
Satellite Project Group in the completion of two spectrophotometric
scanners of the Wampler type.
The first of these units will be
delivered to Kitt Peak for tests in July. Mr. D. E. Trumbo is
developing a computer control system for the instrument at Kitt
Peak, while Dr. B. M. Lasker is preparing a similar functional
system at Cerro Tololo.
Mr. Hazen anticipates delivery of the
Chile instrument in September,
A computer-controllable image dissector spectrophotometer is now
operational.
Resolutions of approximately 5 to 50A can be obtained
with an assortment of gratings available with the Schroeder spec
trometer, and scans of 1 to 400 spatial positions can be programmed
by keyboard.
The cycle time for one channel is one millisecond.
Thus, two spectrum resolution elements can be intercompared at a
rate of 500 c.p.s., or all 400 channels can be observed at a rate
of 2.5 c.p.s., and any spatial scan within these limits can be
quickly programmed.
A new image dissector tube with an S-25
photocathode is being tested for use with this system.
3-
Dr. Abt has tested, with the 84-inch telescope coude spectrograph,
three replicas of gratings ruled by Dean G. R. Harrison with the
C engine at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Complete
success in the quest for perfection in gratings 12 x 15 inches has
not yet been achieved,but the work is being continued. The aim is
to provide a single, high-quality ruled surface for a 13-inch
collimator beam.
In April, Dr. G. R. Harrison visited the Obser
vatory and presented a detailed account of his advanced work on
grating and echelle ruling.
Drs. T. D. Kinman and H. M. Dyck are applying the latter's fast
sky light-chopping polarimeter to studies of quasi-stellar sources.
At the 84-inch telescope, measures of 18th magnitude objects
accurate to one per cent can be made in about two hours. Dr. Dyck
is using the same instrument for his continuing studies of intrinsic
polarization in late-type stars.
Drs. Dyck and Lockwood are also developing an infrared photometer
for use in spectral regions out to 30u. it is expected that the
instrument will be ready for tests this coming fall.
Preparations have been made to replace the optics in the 36- and
50-inch telescopes this summer. The No.l 36-inch telescope optics
of Duran 50 are being replaced by a new CER-VIT system. The present
system in the No.l 36-inch telescope will then be transferred to
the No.2, replacing the aluminum mirror system that has been used
in that telescope. The Perkin-Elmer Corp. has completed a light
weight CER-VIT optical system for use in the 50-inch telescope.
With the continuing help of Dr. Gerald E. Kron and his group at
the U. S. Naval Observatory in Flagstaff, two tubes of the Kron
electronographic type are being put into service by Dr. Kinman
and Mr. William Henson. A preparation room is being constructed
in the ground floor area of the No.2 36-inch telescope building,
and operational fixtures are being developed. We expect, with the
equipment now being prepared and the experience being acquired,
that these systems may be in regular service by the end of this
calendar year.
General - "A Night on Kitt Peak", an article by T. A. Dooling,
appeared in the spring issue of Mosaic, a National Science Founda
tion publication. Mr. Dooling described in detail observing visits
by Dr. Susan Simkin, who came from Columbia University to use the
84-inch telescope and image-tube spectrograph, and by Mr. Theodore
Gull, who brought his own Fabry-P^rot equipment from Cornell
University for use on the 50-inch reflector.
-4-
VISITOR USE OF
STELLAR TELESCOPES
Observer, Institution,
and Program
Scheduled nights
84-inch
50-inch
(hours observed)
(Two)
(Two)
36-inch
16-inch
J. Angel and J. Landstreet,
Columbia University,
Measurements
and
of
Zeeman Effect
polarization of
Stellar
Objects
3
(11)
2
(7)
2
(24)
9
(37)
E. Avner, U. of Illinois,
Velocities
Galactic
of
Stars
Near the
Pole
L. Binnendijk, U. of Pennsylvania,
Photoelectric Observations
of
Selected Eclipsing Variables
B. Bookmyer, U. of Arizona,
Photoelectric Light Curves of
Eclipsing Binary Systems
E.
Burke,
R. Tate,
1
10
(42)
(3)
and Jack Howard,
King College, Bristol, Tenn.,
Photometry of Magnetic and
Spectrum Variables
20
(73)
2
(15)
J. Danziger, Harvard College
Observatory,
Photometry of Galaxies
I. Epstein, Columbia University,
4-Color Photometry of RR Lyrae
Field
Stars
3
(27)
15
(87)
S. Faber, Harvard College
Observatory,
Photometric Observations of
Multiple Galaxies
T.
Gehrels,
R.
Thomas,
R.
12
(61)
9
(48)
Sather,
and C. Vesley, U. of Arizona,
Lightcurves of Asteroids
2
-5-
(15)
Observer, Institution,
and program
Scheduled nights
84-inch
H. Heifer,
U.
50-inch
(hours observed)
(Two)
36-inch
(Two)
16-inch
of Rochester,
5-Color photometry of North
Galactic Pole K-Giants
3
(24)
9
(57)
W. Hiltner, Yerkes Observatory,
Photometric Observations of
Sco X-l
H. Johnson,
11
(55)
3
(25)
Lockheed,
Photometry of Galaxies and
Investigation of X-Ray Sources
K. Johnston,
(34)
7
(57)
7
(32)
2
(10)
12
(78)
3
(25)
9
(27)
Naval Research Lab.,
Ha and Hj3 Photometry of W Ursa
Majoris Stars
R. Koch,
4
U. of Pennsylvania,
Blue CN-Index
A. Landolt,
UBV Faint
in Close
Binaries
Louisiana State U.,
Standards
9
(54)
P. Lee, Louisiana State U.,
Photometry of Planetary Nebulae
and HII Regions
Abundance
Determinations
for
F-Type Stars
3
(13)
T. Lutz, Washington State U.,
Spectroscopy of Selected
Visual Binary Systems
5
(29)
6
(31)
3
(19)
E. Mannery, U. of Washington,
BVr Photometry of Mil, M13,
and
M92
E. Milone, Gettysburg College ,
Photoelectric Photometry and
Spectroscopy of Selected
Variable
10
Stars
-6
(67)
Observer,
Institution,
and Program
Scheduled nights
84-inch
E. Newell and R. Zinn, Yale U.,
High Latitude A Stars and
Balmer Line Strengths in 0
Stars
5
(35)
E. Olson, U. of Illinois ,
Spectrophotometry of B-Type
Eclipsing Binaries
8
(69)
T. Page, H. Rood, G. Chincarini,
G. Welch, Wesleyan U.,
Spectra of Galaxies in Clusters
7
(53)
R. Partridge, Princeton U.,
A Search for Galaxies with Very
Large Red-Shifts
50-inch
(hours observed)
(Two)
(Two)
36-inch
16-inch
5
5
(41)
(31)
9
(38)
14
(84)
(16)
C. Perry, Louisiana State U.,
Photometry of F-Type Stars
C. Perry and P. Lee,
7
Louisiana
State U. ,
Abundance
Determinations
for
F-Type Stars
4
(36)
9
(42)
8
(64)
14
(60)
A. Philip and L. Tifft, Dudley
Observatory,
High Galactic Latitude A
Stars
and Horizontal
Branch
Stars
S.
Shawl,
4
U.
(31)
6
(19)
of Texas,
Spectroscopy of Mira variables
W.
Stein and F.
Gillett,
U.
of
California, San Diego,
Infrared Photometry
S.
and K.
Strom,
New York,
State U.
13
(48)
of
Stony Brook,
Post-Horizontal Branch Star
Evolution
6
-7-
(47)
Observer, Institution,
and program
Scheduled nights (hours observed)
84-inch
50-inch
(Two)
36-inch
(Two)
16-inch
C. Tolbert, U. of Virginia,
R. West, ESO,
Columbia U.,
and T. van Albada,
Photometric Classification of
Late-Type Stars
15
(76)
G. van Biesbroeck, U. of Arizona,
Micrometer Measures of Double
Stars
3
(3)
8
(59)
3
(27)
G. Wegner, U. of Washington,
Spectra and 6-Color Photometry
of White Dwarfs
3
(25)
D. Wills, U. of Texas ,
Spectrographic Observations of
Quasi-Stellar Radio Sources
3
(26)
N. Visvanathan, Harvard; E.
Becklin,
Smithsonian; J.
Danziger, Harvard; and J.
Frogel, Cal Tech,
Infrared Photometry
C. Webb,
U.
1
(8)
3
(21)
of Texas ,
Determination of carbon
Abundances in Late-Type Stars
D. Wood,
Bellcomm,
Inc. ,
Photometry of Eclipsing Stars
J.
Wood, J.
11 (72)
Villamediana,
Leander Mccormick Observatory,
The Cross-Over Effect in a
CVn
and Zeeman Analyser Studies
N.
4 (33)
4 (30)
Woolf, R. Gehrz, J. Hackwell,
U. of Minnesota; and R. Knacke,
U. of California, Santa Cruz ,
Infrared Photometry
13 (100)
-8-
Scheduled nights
Totals
(hours observed)
(Two)
(Two)
84-inch
50-inch
36-inch
16-inch
60(432)
77(425)
112(667)
142(757)
66%
84%
Scheduling for Visitors
6 2%
77%
Summary of Telescope Use
April
May
June
84-inch
28
(213)
30
(243)
29
(208)
50-inch
23
(185)
23
(174)
23
(154)
No.
1
36-inch
23
(184)
26
(207)
24
(157)
No.
2
36-inch
25
(192)
25
(164)
23
(139)
No.
3
16-inch
16
(119)
20
(129)
16
(108)
No.
4
16-inch
23
(187)
25
(179)
21
(128)
SOLAR DIVISION
In the original design of the solar telescope, provision was made for
two secondary or auxiliary optical systems feeding light into the
observing room.
It is only recently that we have been able to complete
the installation of these systems.
The east auxiliary has been in
operation for some time but with substandard optics.
The heliostat is
a 36-inch fused quartz mirror.
The other two mirrors, the 36-inch
image forming mirror and the 36-inch flat, are Kanigen coated aluminum.
The image forming mirror was refigured and now gives much better images,
although not yet perfect.
The west auxiliary system uses all CER-VIT
optics and gives very fine images, free of coma and astigmatism. The
concave mirror of this system was figured off-axis (1°5) by Bruce
McKeller. The west system is arranged to feed the infrared spectro
graph that is under construction in the west corridor.
image from these auxiliaries
The sun's
(about 13 inches diameter) can be sent
either to the spectroheliograph or to the main spectrograph.
The
added flexibility offered by these systems greatly increases the re
search capability of the McMath Solar Telescope, and permits the study
of the same solar events with different instrumentation.
-9-
After three years work the 40-channel magnetograph has been brought
into operation.
It worked from the first flick of the switch, and
it gives detailed maps of solar magnetic fields (Fig. 1) and simul
taneously the brightness (Fig. 2) and velocity fields of each area
plotted.
These maps are produced by photographing the face of a
cathode-ray tube, on which each of the approximately 600,000 separate
magnetic and brightness measurements are displayed with an intensity
proportional to the magnetic strength, polarity, and brightness of
the solar surface. The observational programming and data reduction
are done entirely with digital computers.
A few years ago such an
instrument would not have been possible to build.
Today, the avail
ability of integrated circuit modules, small photocells, fiber optics,
and the associated computer system make this design possible.
This summer we have seven summer research assistants from the follow
ing universities:
Arizona, Michigan, Boston, Maryland, Colgate, and
Michigan State.
Visitors who have observed with the McMath Solar Telescope for day
time
work
include:
Richard P. Boyle, Georgetown College Observatory, Washington, D. C,
who used the spectrograph for abundance determination of rare elements.
The tracings are being analyzed by spectrum synthesis of the region.
Karen Harvey, Lockheed Solar Observatory, Burbank, Calif., who con
tinued her studies of solar magnetic field changes in the neighbor
hood of sunspots.
Bruce Lites, High Altitude observatory, Boulder, Colo., is obtaining
profiles of selected Fe I and Ti II lines as part of his thesis.
These will be analyzed on a non-LTE model.
Thomas Margrave, jr., University of Montana, Missoula, used the
spectrograph for observations of the hyperfine structure of the Mn
lines in the solar spectrum.
Richard Shine, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, worked with
Dr. N. R. Sheeley, Jr., in obtaining high-resolution spectrohelio-
grams in the core and wings of H and K of Ca II.
Also, for his thesis,
he will attempt a determination of the thermal fluctuation on the
scale of granulation, and of supergranulation as a function of height.
Elske Smith, University of Maryland, College park, continued her
studies of the K line with the spectrograph and spectroheliograph.
-10-
Fig. 1 - Surface magnetic fields on the sun as observed on
June 10, 1970.
Notice the bipolar (black, white) character
of each active region, also the opposite polarity in each
hemisphere or belt.
Fig. 2 - Brightness distribution on solar surface as observed
on June 10, 1970.
Sun spots and other active regions indicated
by the magnetic field map are generally discernible in this
intensity plot.
Charles Curtis, University of Arizona, Tucson, is working with Dr.
Sheeley on solar magnetic fields and related chromospheric phenomena.
Don Hall, Harvard College Observatory and CSIRO, Sydney, Australia,
finished his dissertation observations on the infrared spectrum of
sunspots.
Phillip Barnhart, Otterbein College, Westerville, Ohio, has developed
a program of measurement in spectrum lines of the mean heights in the
chromosphere and will continue his work.
Ed Frazier, Aerospace Corporation, Los Angeles, Calif., has continued
his studies of supergranulation and of vector magnetic fields in
active
areas.
Mona Hagyard, NASA, Huntsville, Ala., worked with Dr. J. W. Harvey to
determine the profile of the Zeeman components of the Fe >5250 line.
L. F. McNamara, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, obtained obser
vations of the resonance and main subordinate lines of potassium.
Carl Michelis, University of Texas, Austin, observed, as part of his
thesis, selected Fraunhofer lines to determine an empirical van der
Waals damping constant for these lines.
Richard Canfield, Sacramento peak Observatory, Sunspot, N. M. , during
the partial eclipse (from Kitt Peak) obtained extreme-limb profiles of
the
sun.
Norman J. Johnson, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, made observa
tions of the sun's limb darkening in the far infrared.
Alistair M. Wilson and James H. Underwood,
observed the
fine
structure
in the
sodium D
NASA,
Greenbelt, Md.,
lines
and the
subordinate
lines.
PLANETARY SCIENCES
Aerobee Rocket KP 3.30 -
file
(R. A. Nidey)
part I:
DIVISION
Launch description and flight pro
- An instrumentation system provided by guest
investigators from Columbia University was lofted to a height of 187.2
kilometers on 24 April 1970 by an Aerobee 170.
This was the seventh
170 to be flown; the first was flown on 26 October 1968
(Stuart, KP
3.23).
Lift-off was at 01 hours 53 minutes 30 seconds MST from
launcher L-455 at White Sands Missile Range (WSMR), N. M.
Apogee
-11-
occurred 225.8 seconds later.
The payload was recovered in excellent
condition about 30 miles uprange shortly after sunrise.
The payload
had been lowered by parachute onto the salt flats near the Northrup
landing strip (Fig. 3) .
In addition to scientific instrumentation, the payload included a.
payload Support System built by Oklahoma State University and a
Mark II Attitude Control System built by Aerojet-General Corp.
The
latter also built the recovery system and the Aerobee rocket.
Although the signal strength from the newly developed S-Band antenna
(built by the Ball Brothers Research Corp.) was lower than it should
have been, due to a non-catastrophic failure of the antenna, at
least one station near Sacramento peak
gave an unbroken telemetry
record.
This was the first flight for Kitt Peak utilizing the S-Band
frequency and, to my knowledge,the first flight at WSMR that did not
carry a VHF transmitter as a backup.
Though the change from VHF to
S-band frequency was ordered several years ago, effective 1 January
1970, the changeover has been difficult because of delays in the
development of hardware, specifically the antenna and the trans
mitter.
All other elements of the Payload Support System, with the
exception of the radar transponder, performed superbly.
In spite of
the failure of the transponder (a component supplied by the Range),
radar data were obtained by skin track virtually to impact.
The error in pointing by the Attitude Control System was larger than
expected, about 3° instead of 1°, due apparently to substandard per
formance by the roll-stabilized platform. Even so, no scientific
data were lost.
As determined by the aspect camera, the rocket was
pointed near <p Ophiuchi instead of toward Sco X-l. The scanning pro
gram, provided by a special modification of the control circuitry of
the Attitude Control System, was perfect. Thus the instrumentation
system was scanned across Sco X-l at least three times before the
roll maneuver
and two times thereafter.
The
roll manuever was
executed shortly after apogee, not only to provide a check on the
scientific data, but also to broaden the margin for error in the
pointing direction.
Overall, the flight was successful.
part II:
Science
(R. Novick, J. R. P. Angel, and H. Kestenbaum,
Columbia University) - A Bragg crystal spectrometer was flown to
scan the spectrum of Sco X-l in the range 2.4 - 2.8 keV. A high
signal-to-noise ratio was obtained by using a large area reflecting
crystal (over 2 square feet) of synthetic graphite, and by using the
whole observing time of 5 minutes to scan repeatedly a small spectral
-12-
M :
Fig. 3 - The payload from Aerobee KP 3.3 0 lowered by parachute on the
at White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico, on 24 April 1970.
range.
This range was chosen to cover the Lyman a line of hydrogenic
sulphur at 2.6 kev.
The instrumental resolution was 40 ev, and the
continuum strength over the range scanned was measured with a pre
cision of 5% in each resolution element.
A preliminary examination of the data shows no evidence for a feature
at 2.61 kev.
The signal-to-noise ratio was such that the emission at
this energy predicted on the basis of an isothermal optically thin
plasma [Tucker, W.
appeared as
(1967) Astrophysical
Journal
148, 7451J would have
<—
,
—
y^vv^
an increase of about
30 a.
The fact
that the
line
emission is apparently at least an order of magnitude less than this
estimate is explained if the source is a dense plasma in which
electron scattering washes out line emission [Angel, J. R. p. (1969)
Nature 224,
160].
In addition to the spectrometer, the rocket also carried a large area
proportional counter that was exposed when the nose cone was ejected.
This counter detected X-rays from Sco X-l in the range 1.5 - 20 keV.
A 10-channel pulse height analysis was carried out on board, and the
count rate in each channel telemetered to the ground.
The spectral
data from this counter will be used to determine the apparent tem
perature of the source for theoretical predictions of the emission
line strength.
These data, will also be examined for flickering and
for time variability.
The rate of 7 kc obtained for the whole 5
minute observation will allow a
more
sensitive
search for
short-term
variability than has hitherto been possible.
An optical observation
with good time-resolution was made simultaneously with the rocket
flight, so that it will be possible to look for short-term correla
tion between optical and X-ray emission.
Aerobee Rocket KP 3.31 - Preliminary Report (R. A. Nidey) - KP 3.31
was successfully launched from the White Sands Missile Range, N. M.
at approximately 09:55 MDT on 15 June 1970.
This round carried three
different instruments:
a solar spectrometer covering the near ultra
violet ; an airglow spectrometer designed to measure specific nitrogen
emission lines in the visible; and a pair of filter photometers used
to observe
helium emissions
in the
far
ultraviolet.
The
first
mea
surement, for an experiment by Dr. A. L. Broadfoot of the Observa
tory staff, appears to have been eminently successful; the second,
for Dr. K. A. Dick of the observatory staff, was partially success
ful; and the third, for Dr. C. Stuart Bowyer, a guest investigator
for this flight from the University of California at Berkeley,
largely successful.
More details will be available later and will
be reported in the next Quarterly Report.
-13-
RESEARCH SUPPORT DIVISION
150-inch Stellar Telescope Buildings - During the past three months,
the Kitt peak dome and building have appeared complete from the out
side (Fig. 4) while, at the same time, the interior has shown the
progress of all trades and now needs only clean-up work and detail
corrections before acceptance can be made by AURA.
The CTIO dome and building are well along, with most of the effort
going into finishing interior walls, plumbing and electrical fixtures,
along with necessary coats of paint over the exterior. W. W. Baustian
spent 11 weeks giving engineering direction for correct adjustment
and alignment of the dome support trucks,
installation of the dome
drives, installation of the primary mirror elevator, and finishing
installation of the shutters. During the same period, he answered
field engineering problems that arose concerning drain fields, fireproofing, insulation, and routing of duct work.
A 220 KW Caterpillar motor generator set with controls is awaiting
installation at Kitt Peak.
The set will provide standby power for
the 150-inch telescope and the University of Arizona facilities.
150-inch Stellar Telescope Mechanical Mountings With the arrival of
the second telescope polar axle (for CTIO) from japan, Western Gear
Corp. now has large telescope parts in every building and storage
area at its Everett, Wash., plant.
The base and frame assembly for
the Kitt Peak telescope is now completely erected, except for the oilbearing pads; the CTIO base parts are still in the machine shop.
The
Western Gear's plant at Lynwood, Calif., has responsibility for the
telescope drives, and a recent inspection of finished parts shows
pride of workmanship, according to L. K. Randall, project Engineer.
Several small gear pinions have been completed, and the Kitt Peak
12-foot declination gear is now being cut; the drive gear boxes are
next in line at the assembly room.
The Boiler & Chivens Division of the Perkin-Elmer Corp. has completed
over 90% of the parts for the prime focus secondary system and is
assembling parts while waiting for Western Gear to complete the major
weldments needed for this system.
During the same period, KPNO's
Engineering Department has completed prototype testing of the pri
mary mirror edge supports, and has a subcontractor well along in
manufacturing parts for the Instrument Shop to assemble.
Design
work has continued on the large handling equipment that will soon
be ready for review.
Bid specifications for the Kitt Peak and CTIO computer systems have
been completed and sent out by L. B. Mortara.
The type of system
-14-
Fig. 4 - Building and dome for the 150-inch telescope on Kitt Peak.
Th
also shows (lower left) the 36- and 90-inch telescope installations and
buildings of the University of Arizona, and (lower right) the dome for
millimeter wavelength antenna operated by the National Radio Astronomy
for programs in the new field of molecular astronomy.
requested is a separate central processor and 8K memory for the
telescope mounting and another for the instrumentation system. Along
with these systems, bids will be received by the end of July on op
tional equipment, such as the tape decks, drum storage, D-A and A-D
converters,
and teletypewriter input-output.
Both KPNO and CTIO aluminizing chambers have been completed at the
High Vacuum Equipment Corp, plant in Hingham, Mass., and were opera
tionally checked by John Richardson and A. S. Brar.
The one for
KPNO has been shipped, to be followed soon by the one for CTIO.
In secondary optics, the KPNO and CTIO 52-inch blanks are back from
Owens-Illinois after being lightened by boring out large quantities
of material from the interior of the mirrors through small holes in
the back surface.
While they were out of the Optical Shop, a 30-inch
diameter secondary was ground.
The KPNO primary has continued to
improve, and the results of Foucaultgrams, null-lens photos, and
Hartmann tests, taken by N. C. Cole and J.
E.
Simmons,
show no
astigmatism or major ring zones.
Work is continuing with small tools
to improve minor zones; light concentrations are now about equal to
those published for other large telescopes.
150-inch Stellar Telescope Instrumentation -
Design work, both con
ceptual and detailed, continues on several basic instrument units
for the 150-inch telescopes.
Bids have been received for the prime
focus
correctors
that
will
soon result
in a
construction contract.
A
design-construction contract has been placed for automatic cameraback film magazines for the prime focus and Cassegrain positions.
The prime focus camera will soon be ready for bid, and the Cassegrain
rotator design layouts are close to final approval.
The two auto
matic guiders and the Cassegrain spectrograph are in advanced stages
of layout design.
A high resolution 3.34 meter scanning spectrometer will be built under
Dr. D. M. Hunten's sponsorship for use at the coude position of the
telescope.
This unit will be similar to one being built by Dr. T.
Parkinson, also of the planetary Sciences Division, for use on the
60-inch telescope at CTIO.
preliminary engineering studies are being made of the Cassegrain
echelle spectrograph designed by Dr. Daniel Schroeder while on sab
batical leave from Beloit College,
Space Engineering Laboratories -
During the past quarter, the Obser
vatory has launched two very successful rockets:
Aerobees KP 3.30
and KP 3.31.
The first was launched on 24 April and the second on
15 June.
Both were launched from the White Sands Missile Range.
-15-
KP 3.30 was a 170, i.e., boosted by Nike booster.
This booster de
velops a thrust of 50,000 pounds force for approximately 3.5 seconds as
opposed to 20,000 pounds force for
about
2.5 seconds for the standard
booster.
As a consequence of the significantly larger initial inte
grated thrust, the 170 achieves much higher altitude:
in the case
of KP 3.30, 211 kilometers, as opposed to 153 kilometers based on the
preflight estimates.
The first 170 was flown as KP 3.23 (see
September/October 1968 Bi-Monthly Report, page 8); the third, as
KP 3.26 (see the November/December 1969 Bi-Monthly Report, pages 8
and 9); the seventh, as KP 3.30 (see the PLANETARY SCIENCES DIVISION
section of this report for more details).
Of the other rounds, all
launched by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, only
one, the second 170 failed.
Thus, though the overall box score for
the 170 is not up to the current standard of the 150, the 170 is now
firmly established as a valuable, albeit less reliable, big sister
to the Aerobee 150 sounding rocket.
Optical Shop - Three grinding tools,, for use in finishing the 150-inch
telescope secondary mirrors (36-inch for f/12, 36-inch for f/30, and
52-inch for f/8) are complete and ready for use in the Optical Shop.
The Division has undertaken work for the other divisions and depart
ments
of
KPNO and
for
CTIO as
For the Solar Division:
follows;
A 2-speed exhaust system, located at the bot
tom of the optical tunnel is being made by Clark and Co. for installa
tion in July. This system, to be controlled from the observing room,
will be used for the removal of moisture from the tunnel during the
night.
Tests will be conducted during the day to move air at a low
rate from the bottom of the optical tunnel to improve the image of the
main light path.
A support for the 28^'inch diameter No. 5 east auxiliary mirror over
the spectroheliograph is under construction in the Instrument Shop
and is scheduled for installation in August. This mirror support
structure is designed with a manual retracting feature, and it will
have controls for automatic collimation when operating the east
auxiliary light path.
Controls for the 82-inch heliostat mirror back support system are
being fabricated in the Instrument Shop. This system will auto
matically control air bellows cylinders and a vacuum chamber located
on the back side of the mirror to keep the mirror flat.
Thermocouples
will be mounted on the face and back sides of the mirror to measure
temperature variation and to control a cooling system.
-16
A 48-inch beryllium mirror support, plexiglas window over the No. 4
west auxiliary mirror and back supports for the No. 2 east and west
auxiliary mirrors are being installed in the telescope.
A dual crystal assembly for the Zeeman sensor and a focus indicator
for the main beam are being made in the Instrument Shop.
An encoder and motor drive were added to the Gartner microphotometer,
and plans are underway to install an encoder on the Boiler & Chivens
microphotometer.
For the Stellar Division: The 84-inch telescope auxiliary coude feed
image-forming mirror tower and windscreen are complete, and the
altitude-azimuth mount
tower
is under
construction.
Fabrication is continuing in the Instrument Shop on three automatic
offset guiders and the 12-inch Schmidt camera for Dr. Belton.
The lightweight CER-VIT primary mirror for the 50-inch automated
telescope is ready for optical testing at perkin-Elmer's Costa Mesa,
Calif.,
plant.
A new CER-VIT optical system for the No. 1 36-inch telescope is com
plete and will be installed early in July.
An environmental digital data system has been installed in the 84-inch
telescope building.
Design of a clean-room-type Kron image-tube laboratory is complete for
construction in July in the No. 2 36-inch telescope building.
Fabrication of a prototype stellar polarimeter is complete and a
prototype infrared photometer is in progress for the 50-inch telescope.
For the planetary Sciences Division:
The 27 ft. 4 in.-high vertical
collimator was completed and installed temporarily in the Optical Shop.
The collimator will be used primarily to test and align optics in
rocket instrumentation, but it can, of course, also be used for other
optical systems.
For Cerro Tololo: During a June visit to CTIO, R. J. Davis established
improved technical support communications with CTIO.
A 3-channel photometer has been completed and is being used at CTIO
with an H-£ beam splitter for two-channel photometry.
Detail drawings of a thermo-electric cold box have been completed,
and the unit will soon be in production.
-17-
Design is underway for a new dry ice machine to replace the existing
unit .
The 60-inch coude spectrograph is nearing completion mechanically.
Because of a late start on the optics, an October operation date
seems likely.
The single-channel, sky-offset, faint-star photometer design is com
plete, and detailing is underway.
The following Technical Reports were issued during this quarter :
Tech.
Title
Author (s)
Report
No. 15
No. 19
Design Analysis of Mechanical Supports
D. S. Welch
for the 36-inch Telescope
E.
T.
Pearson
L.
F.
Lema
Deflection Analysis of Light Weight
Mirrors
No.
23
No. 24
Binary Circuit Tester
(Operational)
150-inch Stellar Telescope Optical
Studies, part II:
Basic Optical
parameters
No.
No.
25
26
p. R. Vokac
E.
T.
Pearson
Radii
E.
T.
Pearson
150-inch Stellar Telescope Optical
Studies, part IV:
Physical properties
of the primary & Secondary Mirrors
E.
T. Pearson
150-inch Stellar Telescope Optical
Studies, Part III:
Maximum Light Beam
ADMINISTRATIVE
DIVISION
Lower Freight Rate Obtained - As a result of persistent negotiation
by J. R. Shepard, traffic specialist in the purchasing Department,
AURA has been granted a special commodity rate of 76 cents per pound
for air shipments of optical instruments, apparatus, and supplies
going from Tucson to Santiago and destined for use at Cerro Tololo
Inter-American Observatory.
Although the request was twice refused,
re-submission of statistics and background information resulted in
the proposal being accepted at the May meeting of the International
Air Transport Association.
-18-
The specific rate of 76 cents per pound ($1.67 per kilogram) is based
upon minimum shipments of 220 lbs. (100 kg.).
Effective date for the
new rate is 1 July 1970.
Securing of the lower rate is especially meaningful at this time when
freight rates are being increased.
This new rate represents a saving
of 30 percent, since the present rate is $1.09 per lb. ($2.41 per kg.)
Based on past shipments, Mr. Shepard reports, this could mean a saving
of about $3,000 per year on future shipments of optical instruments,
apparatus, and supplies sent from Tucson to CTIO.
NSF Visitors -
On 8-10 April,
Messrs. K. B. Foster, D. E. Gould,
W. J. Hynes, and T. M. Ryan of the NSF staff visited the Observatory
to discuss financial management, budgeting, and audit matters with
Mr. J. M. Miller, Associate Director - Administration, and Mr.
Erickson, Controller.
The group also toured Kitt peak.
E. M.
Visit of Dr. G. R. Harrison - Dr. Harrison, Dean Emeritus of the
School of Science, and Head of the Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massa
chusetts Institute of Technology, was a guest of the Observatory on
13 and 14 April.
While here, Dr.and Mrs. Harrison were given a tour
of Kitt Peak.
On 14 April, Dr. Harrison spoke twice to interested
KPNO staff members on his experience in, and problems of, producing
large gratings.
Sundt Meetings - A meeting was held in Tucson on 15 June between
representatives of the M. M. Sundt Construction Co., and AURA, Inc.,
to discuss changes under the contract for construction of the build
ing for the 150-inch telescope on Kitt Peak.
Architect W. E. Dunlap
of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, Chicago, was also present,
16 April he made an inspection of the building.
Mountain - Kitt
Peak Weather
April
Precipitation:
and on
0"44 in
in 2 days
May
June
-0-
-0-
Temperature:
Extreme Hi
Extreme Lo
69°F
23
36
86 °F
86°F
94°F
41
Mean
Hi
57
73
81
Mean
Lo
36
50
57
A forest fire was started by lightning on the afternoon of 26 June.
Before the fire was controlled, an area of approximately 10 square
miles on the north and east slopes of the mountain was blackened.
The old access road was used as a firebreak, and the flames were pre
vented from reaching the top of the mountain.
-19-
In addition to Kitt
peak personnel, about 100 papago Indian fire fighters took part in sub
duing the fire so that it was under control on 28 June.
A few break
outs occurred the next day, but they were quickly extinguished.
The fire situation in the woods and brush around the mountain remains
critical.
Very little rain has fallen since early spring.
During the
latter part of May, the recently acquired water tanker was used to
haul water from the reservoir to the top of the mountain for processing;
water has not been hauled for this purpose since 1961.
A room has been provided in the maintenance shop building for a new
telephone system. The present system will be replaced soon with one
capable of covering present needs, serving the 150-inch telescope
building, and providing for expansion.
The quonset hut used in the early days to house and feed personnel has
been relocated to the meadow for use as a storage building. A lockertype washroom is under construction on the north end of the main
tenance shop building.
Tucson Operations - A comprehensive maintenance program for safety
inspection of all overhead cranes at the Tucson Headquarters became
effective 1 May.
PUBLICATIONS
Under the new policy concerning Kitt Peak National Observatory Contribut ions, only one paper was so listed during the past quarter:
No. 551 - George S. Mumford:
Observing at Kitt Peak National and Cerro
Tololo Inter-American Observatories.
(Yale Scientific Magazine)
During the period, however, staff members and visiting astronomers had
the following articles accepted for publication:
Helmut A. Abt, Paul D. Lee,
Binary HR 8899.
(Publ. Astron.
Thomas J.
Soc.
The Metal-Deficient
pacific)
Bohuski, Robert H. Rubin, and Malcolm G. Smith:
Radial Velocity for NGC 6857.
(Publ. Astron.
Howard E.
and Charles L. perry:
Bond:
A
Soc.
Seach for
pacific)
Metal-Deficient
(Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser.
-20-
No. 184)
Stars.
An Optical
James B. Breckinridge:
Polarization Properties of a Grating Spectro
graph.
(Applied Optics)
L. Broadfoot and L. Wallace:
Reflectivity of Mars,
2550-3300 A.
(Astrophys. J.)
D. L. Crawford, J. W. Glaspey, and C. L. Perry:
Photometry of Open Clusters. IV: h and
(Astron J.)
Catherine Doremus:
Four-Color and H/?
Persei.
The Spectroscopic Binary BM Orionis.
(Publ. Astron.
Soc.
Pacific)
John C. Geary and Helmut A. Abt:
Major Group.
(Astron. J.)
Rotational Velocities in the Ursa
F. C. Gillett, W. A. Stein, and P. M. Solomon:
The Spectrum of VY
Canis Major is from 2.9 to 14 Microns.
(Astrophys. J. 160 L173)
RobertaM. Humphreys:
giants .
The Space Distribution and Kinematics of Super-
(Astron. J.)
G. I. Kvifte and L. Wallace:
A Method of Determining the Atmosphere
Sodium Concentration from Twilight Observations.
(Planet.
Space Sci. )
Arlo U. Landolt :
An Attempt to Define Luminosity Criteria in 0 Stars
via Narrow-Band Photoelectric Photometry.
(Astron. J.
75,
337)
v\^~
W. Livingston, J. Harvey, and C. Slaughter:
Fields on March 7,
(Nature 226 ,
Michael B. McElroy:
and
Photospheric Magnetic
1970.
1146)
Ionization processes in the Atmospheres of Venus
Mars.
(Ann. Geophys.)
Burt Nelson and Arthur Young:
A New Eclipsing Binary Containing a
Very Hot White Dwarf.
(Publ. Astron Soc.
pacific)
A. G. Davis Philip:
Photometry of Field Horizontal-Branch Stars.
(Stellar Evolution; Muriel and Chiu, eds.)
-21-
D. F. Strobel and M. B. McElroy:
(Planet.
The F2-Layer at Middle Latitudes.
Space Sci.)
D. F. Strobel, D. M. Huriten,and M. B. McElroy:
fusion of
Production and Dif
Nitric Oxide.
(J. Geophys . Res. )
Nolan R. Walborn:
Some Spectroscopic Characteristics of the OB Stars
A Nitrogen Anomaly.
(Astrophys. J.)
L. Wallace, Charles A. Barth, Jeffrey B. Pearce, Kenneth K. Kelly,
Donald E. Anderson Jr., and William G. Fastie:
Mariner
5 Measurement of the Earth's Lyman Alpha Emission.
(J. Geophys.
E. J.
Weber:
Res.)
The Torque on the Interplanetary plasma Due to Its
Anisotrophy.
(Solar physics)
-22-
CERRO TOLOLO INTER-AMERICAN OBSERVATORY
GENERAL
Weather
-
1970
T max
T min
April
(°c)
(°C)
26.1
10.6
Wi nd max (mph)
Observational nights
-
May
June
21.7
19.4
2.2
0.0
47
76
66
28
17
24
The effects of the prolonged drought on the Elqui Valley have been
compounded by repeated below freezing temperatures in the month of
June.
The cold weather has caused appreciable losses in the crops.
Staff Visits - Dr. J. A. Graham, Associate Astronomer, CTIO, com
pleted on 21 April a one-month stay at KPNO during which he carried
out various activities related to CTIO programs.
He also attended
and presented a paper at the symposium on "Dark Nebulae, Globules
and protostars", held in honor of Dr. Bart J. Bok in Tucson on 27-28
March at the University of Arizona.
In connection with their duties, visits to KPNO were also made during
this quarter by Mr. S. Hurdle, Construction Superintendent for CTIO's
150-inch telescope building project (25 March - 3 May); Dr. p. S.
Osmer, Research Associate, CTIO (22 April - 29 June); Dr. B. M.Lasker,
Assistant Astronomer, CTIO (25 April - 10 June); Mrs. Juanita Munoz
Librarian, CTIO (15 May - 8 June): and Dr. V. M. Blanco, Director,
CTIO (15 - 29 June).
During their trips to Tucson, Dr. Osmer and
Mr. Hurdle were accompanied by their wives.
During his trip to the
United States, Dr. Lasker was married and brought his bride back to
Chile with him.
Mr. W. Johnson and family (wife and two children) arrived on 17 May
to take over duties as carpenter foreman on the 150-inch telescope
building project.
Mr. C. R. Lelo, formerly an instrument maker at KPNO, arrived on
27 June as chief instrument maker for CTIO.
He had previously
visited CTIO from 11 - 20 May.
Mr. R. C. Baker, CTIO Liaison Officer at KPNO, visited Chile from
18-27 May to discuss with CTIO personnel some of the problems related
to importations from the U. S. to CTIO.
-23-
On 20 May, Mr. W. W. Baustian, Chief Engineer, KPNO,
and Mrs. Baustian
returned to Tucson after a ih month stay at CTIO, where Mr. Baustian
supervised alignment of the 150-inch telescope building dome tracking
mechanism and of the primary mirror elevator.
Mr. R. Davis, Assistant Engineer at KPNO, visited CTIO from 2-18
June in his capacity as newly-designated liaison engineer between
KPNO and CTIO, in order to become acquainted with personnel and
facilities.
Mr. R. Stevens, Electrical Engineer, KPNO, arrived at CTIO on 29
June to supervise solution of various problems in the electrical in
stallations
at
Tololo
and
in La Serena.
A recruitment visit to CTIO was made 29 June into July by Mr. F.
Golden, formerly a. technical associate at California Institute of
Technology and who worked on the Owens Valley radio telescope in
stallations as well as on that of the new 60-inch telescope on Mount
Palomar.
Other Visitors From 13-16 April, CTIO headquarters and the facili
ties at Cerro Tololo were visited by Dr. Harold Lane, Messrs. Kenneth
Foster, and Warren Hynes of the National Science Foundation.
On 4 June, a team from the Chilean film company "Emelco" visited CTIO
and obtained footage for newscast releasing.
This filming was re
lated to the co-discovery by CTIO's night assistant, Carlos Bolelli,
of comet 1970f
(see below) .
Dr. R. West, Assistant to ESO's General Director, Dr. A. Blaauw,
visited CTIO on 6 May.
The Australian Ambassador to Chile, Mr. N. Deschamps, visited CTIO on
21 June.
Dr. J. A. Graham, also an Australian, was host to the
Ambassador.
Visits from the lay public during the months of April, May, and June
numbered, respectively, 204, 276, and 487.
These included 2, 3, and
7 school groups in that order as well as a visit by 50 La Serena
Rotary Club members and wives on 24 May.
personnel -
promotions to the ranks of Associate Astronomer and
Assistant Astronomer, effective 1 July 1970, were received by Drs.
Lasker and Osmer, respectively.
On 25 May, a son, Jose Federico Kunkel was born to Dr. and Mrs. W. E.
Kunke1.
-24-
On 20 June, Dr. Malcolm^G. Smith, Assistant Astronomer, CTIO, and
Srta. Ana Maria Maraboli, part-time secretary of the Scientific
Division CTIO, were married in a civil matrimony.
in accordance
with Chilean traditions, a church wedding will take place on 8 August
Comet 1970f -
On the evening of 21 May, Sr. Carlos Bole Hi, a night
assistant at CTIO, noticed a bright comet close to the western hori
zon and just north of the constellation of Orion.
The comet was
photographed on 22 and 23 May and succeeding nights with the Curtis-
Schmidt telescope of the University of Michigan.
A telephone inquiry
revealed that this was a new comet, and that Mr. G. L. White, an
Australian astronomy student, as well as a Mr. Ortiz, an airline
pilot flying over the Indian Ocean, had also reported seeing the
comet. This comet, designated 1970f, was correspondingly named
White-Ortiz-Bolelli.
Announcement of Bolelli's co-discovery was proudly carried as front
page news by several Chilean newspapers (see Fig. 5, a montage of
headlines).
Comet White-Ortiz-Bolelli"s orbit is similar to that of
the great family of sun-grazing comets that include 1882-11, 1963-V,
and 1965-VIII, the latter being comet Ikeya-Seki, an unusually bright
comet observable in the northern hemisphere.
Geometric circumstances
of this comet's orbits, and of the relative position earth-sun-comet,
resulted in the comet staying close to the sun and fading rapidly in
brightness.
The
"Tololito" Observatory -
The students of Fr. Juan Bautista
Picetti at the Seminario Conciliar San Luis, a Catholic high school
in La Serena, have established an observatory which has been named
"El Tololito". Following Bolelli's co-discovery of comet 1970f, the
young staff members of "El Tololito" are very anxious to discover a
"cometita".
(See press article, Fig. 6.)
Library - One hundred and fifty new books, plus numerous periodicals
and publications, were added to the library in La Serena. Shortage
of space has required turning one of the offices in the 150-inch
telescope project office building into a stack room.
Planning of the library expansion has been under study by Mrs. J.
Munoz, CTIO Librarian, in collaboration with Dr. J. E. Hesser, staff
astronomer who advises on library matters.
During her recent trip
to the U. S. Mrs. Munoz conferred extensively with the KPNO library
personnel, and she visited several astronomical libraries to gain
information related to CTIO planned library expansion.
•25-
Bolelli un cometa chileno
Larga cola brillante tiene el cometa descubierto por astronom
Tololo. El cuerpo celeste aparece diariamente de 6 a 7 de la
en la Constelacion de Orion. Puede verse a simple vista
NUEVA YORK. 27 (UPI) —
Observatorio
Interamericano
de
El ayudante del
Cerro
Tololo
(Chile). Carlos Bolelli, figura entre las tres perso
nas que casi simultaneamente descubrieron un
cometa cuya brillantez puede ser apreciada sin
necesidad de telescopic
El
En "La Silla',
Fotografiado
Nuevo Comefa
DESCUBRIMfENTO
SIMULTANEO
NL'EVA YORK, 27 fUPI).
— El ayudante del Obser
vatorio
de
Americano
Cerro
Tololo (Chile),
Carlos Bollelei, figura entre
las tres personas que simultaneamente
ron un cometa
descubriecuya bri-
Observatorio
Astrofisico
Smithsonian
de
Cambridge (Massachusetts) llamo al cometa' Whi
te —Ortiz—Bolelli." en honor de los tres hombres
que
primero ofrecieron informes sobre su exis-
tencia.
Hazaha de Caiegoria MundiaL-
Astronomo Ch
Descubrio Com
llantez pucde ser apreciada tin neceaidad de teles
copic
El
astronomo nacional Carlos Bolellei ins-
cribio ayer su nombre y e! de nuestro pais,
en la historia de la astronomia mundial, al
identiflcar un nuevo cometa que surca la boveda celeste.
Fig. 5 - Headlines and lead paragraphs describing discovery of comet on
June 21,
EL
1970
DI A
PAGINA 5
CRONICA
-Lo hautizaron como el "Tololib -
Los estudiantes del Seminario
tienen su observatorio propio
Fotografiaron la Luna y han hecho oiros interesantes estudios del sislema
planetario solar.— La gran sorpresa del aniversario del establecimienio.—
Los seminaristas se anotaron un "gran poroto" en esta fiesta de aniversario. Sacaron a
la luz publica su "Tololito"-.
Se trata de un mini-telescopio que fue ins
talado hace algun tiempo en la terraza del colegio, por iniciativa del padre Juan Bautista
Picetti que lo trajo desde Europa.
Contagiado con tanto adelanto e
inven-
tos, un grupo de alumnos con la asesoria del
Padre Picetti, instalaron el telescopio sobre una
base muy bien estudiada. Al comienzo era todo
mecanico. Posteriormente amarraron
segunda actividad del grupo fue la de calcular
con exactitud la ubicacion 'de "Tololito" y se
llego al siguiente resultado:
Observatorio Astronomico "Tololito", Made
in Chile, por la organization Seminario y Cia.
Coordenadas geograficas:
—Latitud Geografica Sur, 29 grados 54' 12".
—iiongitud al Oeste de Greenwich: 4 horas
45 minutos que es igual a 71 grados 15'.
algunos
alambres, pegaron cartones, compraron interrup
tores, se pinto de color especial una cupula cons
truida "de material ligero" y listo el observa
torio. Ahora todo era automatico.
minario y su telescopio tiene un Espejo de 5
pulgadas. La distancia focal es de 1.200 mm.
Dispone ademas de varios oculares que per
Posee suspension "Ecuatorial"
El "Tololito" ahora es todo un orgullo para
del Seminario Conciliar
DATOS TECNICOS
Tololito esta ubicado en la terraza del Se
miten diferentes aumentos de 60 a 240 veces.
VIERON LA LUNA
los estudiantes
CALCULOS DIFICILES
Pero no se conformaron con todo eso. La
San
Luis que estan celebrando su aniversario y ono
mastico.
Hace algunas semanas, con gran sorpresa
los "cientificos" lograron sacar los calculos pre
cisos para enfocar la luna y retratarla. Les re
sulto a la perfection la experiencia.
con movi-
mientos electricos.
Como se puede apreciar la sorpresa es ma-
yuscula. Ahora los estudiantes con la asesoria
de los profesores estan en estudios intensivos.
Hace algunos dias en El Tololo se descubrio un
cometa que fue fotografiado por el observa
torio La Silla. No seria muy raro entonces, que
estos estudiosos tambien vean un "cometita".
Fig. 6 - Catholic high school students and their teacher in
La Serena, with their observatory in the background.
INSTRUMENTATION
A Westinghouse fibre-optics image-tube system has been acquired and
put into operation for use with the 60-inch telescope Cassegrain
camera and spectrograph. This project is being supervised by Dr.
Malcolm G. Smith, Assistant Astronomer, CTIO. He has also put into
operation the Fabry-perot interferometer on loan from KPNO.
This
instrument can now be used with the CTIO data, acquisition system
described in the previous Quarterly Report.
CONSTRUCTION
A number of the first floor rooms in the 150-inch telescope building
have been completely finished, and the exterior of the building has
received its final coats of paint.
The dome truck wheels were
aligned and smooth rotation achieved.
The dome shutters were also
installed.
The 2% mile new access road to Cerro Morado is now graded and can
already be used.
Improvement of the site around the prefabricated
houses recently erected in La Serena was carried out.
In La Serena, work was started on the foundations for the headquarters
office building extension.
OBSERVERS
Observer, Institution,
Scheduled nights (hours observed)
and program
Michigan Lowe11
60-inch
36-inch
Schmidt
24-inch
—•
-—•—•
W. E. Kunkel, B. M. Lasker,
and M. G. Smith, CTIO,
Identification of Radio
Sources
4
(40)
---—•
Associated H II Regions
in Carina-Centaurus
6
(62)
11 (120)
, M. Miller, Steward
Observatory,
Observations of O and
Early B Stars and their
J.
E.
Hesser,
CTIO
Photometric Observa
tions of Galactic
Globular Clusters
and
9
(95)
-26
1
(10)
(Two)
16-inch
Observer, Institution,
and Program
Scheduled nights
60-inch
36-inch
(hours observed)
Michigan Lowell
Schmidt
24-inch
(Two)
16-inch
G. Alcaino, Santiago,Chile
Photometric Observations
of
Southern Globular
Clusters
4
(37)
Regions
b) Interferometer Tests
c) Internal Kinematics
of H II Regions
6
(52)
M. G. Smith, CTIO,
a) Interference Filter
Photography of H II
8 (85)
5
(24)
*1
(10)
8
(50)
R. E. White, Steward
Observatory,
Photometric
Observations
in Six Southern Metal-
Rich Globular Clusters 4 (17)
*1 night on stand-by status
V. M. Blanco, A. Gomez,
W. E. Kunkel, CTIO,
Two-Color Survey of the
Milky Way for Identifi
cation of X-Ray Objects
R. Schild, Harvard College
Observatory,
UBV Photometry of
Southern OB Stars
18
T. Grenfell, University
of Washington,
Spectroscopic and
Spectrophotometric Ob
servations
of
the
Dwarf L 145-141
White
8
(59)
-27-
(78)
Observer, Institution,
and program
Scheduled nights
(hours observed)
Michigan Lowe 11
60-inch
36-inch
Schmidt
24-inch
(Two)
16-inch
A. Ringuelet, C.
Hernandez, L. Lopez,
and V. Monteagudo,
Universidad de La Plata,
Studies
of
Stars with
Peculiar Atmospheres
8
(66)
11
(71)
2
(20)
4
(34)
2
(22)
16
(28)
F. D. Hartwick, Univer
sity of Victoria, and
J.
E.
Hesser,
CTIO,
Observations of
Metal-
Rich Globular
Clusters
6
(19)
4
(33)
6
(44)
4
(41)
F. D. Hartwick, Univer
sity of Victoria,
J.
E.
Hesser,
G. Hill,
CTIO,
and
Louisiana State
University,
Photographic Photometry
of RR Lyrae Stars in
the Direction of the
Galactic Center
J.
A.
Graham,
CTIO,
Magellanic Cloud RR
Lyrae Stars
A. Feinstein, Universidad
de La Plata, Argentina,
Photometry of Early-
Type Stars in the
Southern Milky Way
-28-
Observer, Institution,
and Program
Scheduled nights
60-inch
36-inch
(hours observed)
Michigan Lowe 11
Schmidt 24-inch
(Two)
16-inch
R. Garrison, David Dunlap
Observatory,
a) Spectral Classifica
tion of Southern OB
Stars
b)
Spectral Classifica
tion in the Sco-Cen
Association
c)
Spectral
Classifica
tion of Mira vari
ables
10
(82)
F. Forbes, University of
Arizona, (w. Stonacker)
Multicolor Photometry
for Stars Brighter than
5 .0 Mag
*4
(28)
*4 nights on stand-by
status
. U.
Landolt,
Louisiana
State University,
A Determination of
Effective Temperatures
from Eclipsing Binaries
*4
(47)
*1 night on stand-by
status
J. Gleim, University of
Florida
Photoelectric Photometry
of Eclipsing Binaries
17 (109)
Lowell Observers H. Rojas,
0. Saa, and G. Araya
Planetary patrol program
91 (496)
H. Schnur , Heidelberg
Observatory,
Three-color
Photometric
Investigation in
2
Cent aurus
-29-
(9)
Observer,
Institution,
and program
Scheduled nights
(hours observed)
Michigan Lowell
60-inch
36-inch
Schmidt
24-inch
(Two)
16-inch
R. Fourcade, Universi
dad de Cordoba,
Photoelectric Sequences
in the
Globular Cluster
IC 4499, between Magni
tudes 16.5 and 19
4
(00)
7
(10)
*1
(41)
3
(32)
*1
(6)
*1 night on stand-by
status
M. S. Snowden, University
of Florida,
a)
photometry of Stars in
NGC
2516
b) Photometry of Ap Stars
c) Photometry of NGC
6475
* 3 nights on stand-by
**9(115)
status
**2 nights on stand-by
status
M.
P. FitzGerald, Univer
sity of Waterloo,
a) Space Density in Four
Galactic
b)
c)
zones
Reference Spectral
Plates in the Hyades
Space Density Analysis
in Two
Zones
at
Medium
Galactic Latitudes
*6 (103)
*3 nights on stand-by
status
A. Moffat,
a)
Ruhr Universitat,
Stellar Statics Using
UBV Photometry
b)
Background Corrections
in Photographic Pho
tometry
c)
Comparison of Some
Young Southern
Galactic Clusters
6
-30-
(22)
6
(66)
Observer, Institution,
and program
Scheduled nights
(hours observed)
Michigan Lowe 11
60-inch
36-inch
C.Coutts, David Dunlap
Observatory
Milky Way Survey pro
gram for Reflection
Nebulae
*2 nights on stand-by
Schmidt
*10 (119)
status
P.
S.
Osmer,
CTIO,
Infrared Survey for
Galactic Supergiants
3
(30)
7
(21)
J. Stock, University of
Chile,
a) Spectral Types and
Radial Velocities
of
Population II Stars
at
Intermediate
Galactic Latitudes
and Luminous
near
the
Stars
Galactic
Center
b)
Intermediate and High
Latitude Survey of
Early-Type Stars
S. van den Bergh, David
Dunlap Observatory,
UBV Photometry in the
Region of the Galactic
Center
7
(58)
Activity of Wolf 630 and
COD -31° 17815
4
(42)
R. Wing, Ohio State
University,
photometry of Late-Type
Stars
5
(35)
W.
Kunkel,
CTIO,
Determination of Flare
-31-
24-inch
(Two)
16-inch
Observer, Institution,
and program
Scheduled nights
(hours observed)
Michigan Lowe11
60-inch
G. Hagen, David Dunlap
Observatory,
Evolved Stars in Open
Clusters
36-inch
Schmidt
24-inch
(Two)
16-inch
13 (125)
PUBLICATIONS
The following publications by staff members and visiting astronomers
were accepted during April, May, and June, as Cerro Tololo InterAmerican Observatory Contributions:
No.
Ill - J. A. Graham:
The Space Distribtuion of OB Stars in Carina.
(Astron. J. )
No. 112 - M. F. Walker:
Electronographic Photometry of Star Clus
ters in the Magellanic Clouds. I.
The Color-Magnitude
Diagram of Kron 3.
(Astrophys. J. )
No. 113 - J. A. Graham:
An Eclipsing Variable near the Magellanic
Cloud Cluster NGC 1783.
(Publ. Astron. Soc. pacific)
No. 114 - Gary A. Welch:
NGC
The Gaseous Component of the peculiar Galaxy
5 25 3.
(Astrophys . J . )
No.
115 - Kwan-Yu Chen:
Photometric Study of V701 Centaurus.
(Astron. J.)
No. 116 - Philip C. Keenan:
The Composite Spectrum of CPD -56° 3586
and the Luminosity of its Supergiant Component.
(Astrophys . J .)
No. 117 - William E. Kunkel:
and
Flare Activity of — 32°16135, YZ CMi
LPM 63.
(IAU Info.
Bull. Variable Stars)
No. 118 - Howard E. Bond:
Three Eclipsing Binaries Found Spectroscopically.
(Publ. Astron. Soc. pacific)
-3 2-
No. 119 - Rudolph E. Schild:
Red Supergiants in Open Clusters.
(Astrophys. J.)
No. 120 - A. G. Davis Philip and John S. Drilling: A Finding List of
Spectral Classes A7 and Earlier in Regions at High Galactic
Latitudes.
(Bol.
III.
4 HLF 4.
Tonantzintla y Tacubaya)
No. 121 - John S. Drilling and A. G. Davis Philip:
A Finding List
of Stars of Spectral Classes A7 and Earlier in Regions at
High Galactic Latitudes. IV. 3HLF 4.
(Bol. Tonantzintla y Tacubaya)
-33-