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Rosaria Rinaldi Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica «E. De Giorgi» Università del Salento Scuola Superiore ISUFI Università del Salento National Nanotechnology Laboratory Istituto di NanoScienze CNR Lecce, ITALY [email protected] Università del Salento Molecular Architectures for QCA-inspired Boolean Networks Project coordinator : Prof. Rosaria Rinaldi INSTITUTE OF NANOSCIENCE - CNR NANO – Lecce (ITALY) www.molarnet.eu Project duration: 48 months Molecular Architectures for QCA-inspired Boolean Networks Project coordinator : Prof. Rosaria Rinaldi INSTITUTE OF NANOSCIENCE - CNR NANO – Lecce (ITALY) www.molarnet.eu Project duration: 48 months Concept and objective MolArNet aims at demonstrating a feasible molecular scale architecture for post-Moore nano-electronics as a possible route towards Molecular Scale Devices and Systems and unconventional models of computation. The final goal is a first demonstration of feasibility for molecular Quantum Cellular Automata (QCA) elementary devices, working on both technological and design levels. From our past work Paired bisferrocenes are meant to implement a six-dot cell (option 2 in the previous slide). Note that the field is roughly the ratio between the energy difference and d: eV/Angstroms=109-1010 V/m d Thiolated carbazole linked bisferrocenes Thiolated carbazole linked bisferrocenes V. Arima et al., Nanoscale 2012, 4, 813 – 823. S. Karmakar et al. Nanoscale 2012, 4, 2311-2316 Molecular Architectures for QCA-inspired Boolean Networks Project coordinator : Prof. Rosaria Rinaldi INSTITUTE OF NANOSCIENCE - CNR NANO – Lecce (ITALY) www.molarnet.eu Project duration: 48 months Concept and objective MolArNet aims at demonstrating a feasible molecular scale architecture for post-Moore nano-electronics as a possible route towards unconventional models of computation. The final goal is a first demonstration of feasibility for molecular Quantum Cellular Automata (QCA) elementary devices, working on both technological and design levels. Consortium : five academic and one industrial (STMicroelectronics) partners CONSIGLIO NAZIONALE DELLE RICERCHE CNR NANO ITALY ALMA MATER STUDIORUMUNIVERSITA’ DI BOLOGNA UniBo ITALY UNIVERSITE’ DE STRASBOURG UdS FRANCE TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET DRESDEN TUC GERMANY TRINITY COLLEGE OF QUEEN ELIZABETH DUBLIN TCD IRELAND STMICROELECTRONICS SRL ST Italy ITALY Highlight of recent research results: summary at a glance the consortium know how Main objectives synthesis of new molecules suitable for QCA cell implementation; design and test of new strategies for cell patterning in small networks (molecular lithography) and for their subsequent assembly in larger networks; with respect to scaling, in particular, all the major issue are tackled, each by multi-strategy approach; characterization of the devices, from single- to few-cell scale, by use of low temperature scanning probe microscopy and first evaluation of behaviour at larger temperatures; design and test of a read-out device for state-sensing at the scale of a single- or fewmolecule (concerning the latter point, the state of an output cell can be in principle copied on other neighbour cells, possibly making state sensing easier); full theoretical description of the morphological and functional properties of the single molecules synthesized; full theoretical description of the molecules as cells embedded in larger devices and device operation simulation; effects of non-ideal characteristics on computing operations, and general design criteria for future cells. PROJECT STRUCTURE Scientifically, our strategy rests on three, tightly connected pillars (corresponding to specific research needs): (i) tailored design of molecular systems suitable for QCA applications and their molecular assembly in ordered molecular arrays (either externally or thermodynamically driven); (ii) advanced characterization by state of the art scanning tunneling microscopy and development of single molecule addressing protocols for manipulation, interconnection and read/write steps; (iii) theoretical simulations at both the molecular and architectural levels. This makes MolArNet a really integrated and collaborative project and will enable (iv) Molecular QCA device applications (prospect market: worth hundreds billions of Euros a year). 34 deliverables 18 milestones 478 person months TOTAL PROJECT COST: 3,876,607.00 € In QCA no switches (transistors) and hence no current flow are required. Computation is still binary and Boolean, but the bit is represented through the charge configuration in a basic cell, which, in the classical case, is an arrangement of four quantum dots, joined by tunneling paths and charged with two mobile, opposite-spin electrons and a compensating fixed positive charge. The two different polarizations are represented in figure mobile electron quantum dot “0” “1” “1” “0” m-QCA: what we need to make it work? m-QCA is a combination of localisation of charge and Self-organization (circuit design) Charge localisation Self-organization [1] Y. Lu, et.al., J..Am..Chem.Soc., 132, 38 (2010) [2] K Suto, et.al., J..Am..Chem.Soc., 125, 49 (2003) 29 Basic features of a cell : chemical structures for QCA • Let us restrict to the simplest, most abstract concept of Connectivity is guaranteed ‘cell’: by the proximal interaction between cells, thanks to 4 quantum dots which straight lines (binary wire) (d), bends (e) and fanout (f) can be implemented. The majority gate (g) is the basic building block of QCA tunneling is possible Boolean networks, among dots along with the inverter (h). • Must be immobilized, stiff, and correctly balanced from the energy viewpoint. 31 ‘Support’ (guanosine) ‘Cells’ Formation self-assembly of H-bonded guanine ribbon assemblies from guanosine derivative functionalized with ferrocene unit. Each should be ‘reasonably immobile’ independently of what charge inside does (QCA electrostatics distances) The read-out device Plausible system: Porphyrine implementation Questions!!! Can be phys-absorbed ? Self-assembly ? How ? [1] N. Katsonis, et.al., J..Am..Chem.Soc., 128, 48 (2006) [2] K Suto, et.al., J..Am..Chem.Soc., 125, 49 (2003) 33 Many thanks to the MOLARNET Team Pier Giorgio Cozzi, University of Bologna (Italy) Andrea Gualandi, University of Bologna (Italy) Luca Mengozzi, University of Bologna (Italy) Francesco Paolucci, University of Bologna (Italy) Matteo Iurlo, University of Bologna (Italy) Stefano Masiero, University of Bologna (Italy) Rosaria C. Perone, University of Bologna (Italy) Paolo Samorì , Université de Strasbourg (France) Artur Ciesielski, Université de Strasbourg (France) Gianaurelio Cuniberti, Dresden University of Technology (Germany) Rafael Gutierrez, Dresden University of Technology (Germany) Alejandro Santana, Dresden University of Technology (Germany) Alessandro Bramanti ST-Microelectronics Borislav Naydenov, CRANN Dublin (Ireland) Samuel Torsney, CRANN Dublin (Ireland) John J. Boland, CRANN Dublin (Ireland) Giuseppe Maruccio, CNR NANO Lecce (Italy) Valentina Arima, CNR NANO Lecce (Italy) Antonio DellaTorre CNR NANO Lecce (Italy) AnnaGrazia Monteduro CNR NANO Lecce (Italy) Thank you for your attention