G.Cibinetto.

Transcript

G.Cibinetto.

Babar: stato dell’esperimento
Gianluigi Cibinetto
INFN - Ferrara
Commissione Scientifica Nazionale 1
Roma 2-3 febbraio 2004
Outline
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Stato generale:
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Stato dei rivelatori
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Run4
PEP II
Detector upgrade
Analisi
SVT
IFR
Stato del progetto LST
Gianluigi Cibinetto – INFN Ferrara
RUN 4
PEP-II Delivered Luminosity in RUN 4
The Seeman scenario
PEP-II Delivered Luminosity since 1999
Daily recorded luminosity
Trickle
M
D
R
O
D
holidays
R
O
D
c
h
ill
e
r
Run 4 Progress: Trickle Injection
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Keeps LER at constant current by continuously injecting positrons at 1-10Hz. PEP
has learned to ameliorate the associated backgrounds.
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The injected bunch causes backgrounds in BaBar. An L1 trigger inhibit window
around injection is used to control deadtime.
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Top-off of HER is every 60-90 mins instead of 45mins. Machine stability is
improved.
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Demonstrated gain in integral luminosity of >15% compared to normal mode of
operation.
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Injection time markers allow analyses to filter injection background contamination.
The loss to this filtering appears to be small compared to the gain in integrated
luminosity.
Run 4 Progress: Trickle Injection
Best shift, no trickle
Best shift, trickle
BaBar Data Taking Records
PEPII peak Luminosity (1/24/04)
7.31x1033 cm-2 sec-1
in a shift (Owl 1/26/04)
176.5 pb-1
in 24 hours (1/26/04)
513.4 pb-1
in 7 days (1/20/04 - 1/26/04)
2.88 fb-1
in a month (January 2004)
7.39 fb-1
in 30 days (11/23/03-12/22/03)
9.38 fb-1
Data sample collected 160.20 fb-1
1999
1.62
2000
23.76
2001
40.05
2002
31.32
2003
56.71
2004
6.74
La sfida con Belle
Fall –Winter 2003-2004 PEP II Improvements
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Number of bunches:
– June 2003: 1030 bunches in the by-3 pattern.
– November 2003: 1230 bunches in the by-2.
– January 2004: 1317 bunches in the by-2.
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HER and LER RF stations added to beam.
– I- to 1376 mA peak.
– I+ to 2430 mA peak.
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Trickle charging
– All data now taken in trickle charge mode (LER only).
Summer-Fall 2004 PEP-II Improvements
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IR2 south forward shield wall
Add LER RF station
Add HER RF station
Two new “Frascati” longitudinal kickers
New electrodes for transverse kickers
Add fans to all HER bellows
IR2 new vacuum chambers (Q5 and Q2?)
Alignment work (quadrupole rolls)
New LER synchrotron light monitor
New pulsers for injection magnets
PEP II GOALS
Seeman scenario
Date
Total
recorded
(fb-1)
July 2003
132
July 2004
230
July 2006
518
Detector Upgrade
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SVT
– Proceed with planning for module replacement in 2005
– Proceed with engineering to allow for future SVT rotation
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IFR
– Barrel replacement
– IR2 south forward shield wall
About the 2003 physics harvest
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2003 has been a fruitful year for Physics results in BABAR
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The harvest contains the very exciting discovery by BABAR of DsJ (2317)
which triggered the discovery of other 2 charm states first seen by BELLE,
one DsJ (2460) and the other a Charmonium state X (3870).
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First measurement by BABAR of π0 π0 Branching Fraction
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Preliminary results from Babar and Belle on b→s penguin (in particular φ Ks
decay channel)
Risultati previsti per Moriond
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Update of the measurement of Vub with two different technique:
– Measurement of the Inclusive Electron Spectrum in Charmless Semileptonic
B Decays Near the Kinematic Endpoint
– from semileptonic B decays using the lepton energy and q2
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Search for the decay B0 Æ ρ0ρ0 and constraints on α using an isospin
analysis
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Measurement of sin(2β+γ) from B Æ Dρ
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Update of CP Asymmetries and the CP Content of the Decay
B0 Æ D*+D*-
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Update of sin(2β) measurement
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Update of Time dependent CP violation in B Æ ππ
Publications: BABAR vs. Belle
BABAR
Belle
<2003
34
54
2003
43
25
Total
77
79
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250
2003 was an outstanding year for
BABAR papers!
4 more papers have made it through
final, collaboration-wide review and are
almost ready to submit.
By year of submission. (2003 includes
submitted papers.)
Integ. luminosity/run
Cumulative luminosity
200
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Run 4 is on track to deliver 100 fb-1.
150
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This will effectively double the
amount of data for most analyses.
For summer 2004, the goal is to
update all major analyses with a
large fraction of Run 4 data.
100
50
0
Run 1
Run 2
Run 3
Run 4
Stato dell’SVT
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Dose budget
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Radiation damage study
– at Elettra
– at SLAC and LBL
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Unexpected Radiation Effect
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SVT rotation
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LTTF conclusions
Dose Budget
RUN3+RUN4 dose is 40-60%
of RUN1+RUN2. Consistent with
delivered luminosity (+55%).
Accumulated dose is within the
budget but still an important issue.
Radiation effects are
visible on the chips most exposed
to radiation, however it is a
confined problem.
Sensors irradiated to 9 Mrad - and they keep on working!
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Radiation damage study carried out by Calderini, Bettarini, Bondioli, Marchiori, Rizzo,
Bosisio, Dittongo at Elettra facility in Trieste with 0.9 GeV e- beam
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Irradiated half-module well past type inversion in 1-2 Mrad steps
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Measured charge collection efficiency with automated laser scan
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Small (6-8%) loss of CCE, otherwise sensors fully functional
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Plan follow-on study of AToM chip irradiation
Damage to the Atom chips
Increase in noise
Decrease in gain
Digital failures
All these issues have been addressed in the
past with projects of measurements aimed
to quantify the impact on the SVT operation
and lifetime
AToM chip threshold offset
Irradiation tests on the Atom chips
Gain
decrease ~ 3%/Mrad
Noise
increase ~ 16%/Mrad
(α term)
Noise
increase ~ 19%/Mrad
(β term)
Radiation tests performed on
Atom chips in 2001 using Co60
sources at SLAC and LBL
Chips powered and running
during irradiation
noise=α+β Cload
Foreseen decrease of signal/noise
down to a factor 2 (mid plane).
This determines an upper limit on
the ATOM chips lifetime (5Mrads).
No digital failure observed
up to 5 MRads
Merging together the information
from sensors and front end electronics
S/N
Total
AToM
Ileak
Using a figure of merit of S/N > 10, a
reasonable budget is set at 5 Mrads
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Unexpected Radiation Effect
SVT BW Midplane Module
Radiation effects are visible on the FEE: 2 chips per ROS. AToM chip Threshold DAC Offset.
Threshold offset averaged
over each chip
Behavior seen in 8 AToM chips
so far: L1, FW phi & z (4)
L1, BW z (2)
L2, FW z (2)
Threshold per channel
~1.1 MRad
Behavior not seen on east (LER)
side despite similar doses
Efficiency of West side Midplane Module for Hit on Track
Small drop in
efficiency
once threshold is raised
to reduce occupancy to
normal level
(15% efficiency loss
for 2/7 chips => 5%
loss averaged over
module)
However it is a confined problem: 2/7 chips per Read Out Section on 4/208 ROS are affected
New Idea: Rotate the SVT
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Distribute midplane dose onto several regions/modules to extend SVT life
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Requires removal of support tube and uncabling, but not removal of the
SVT
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An engineering concept for the rotation was developed by F. Goozen & R.
Kerth
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Needs ~2 months engineering time to complete design
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Small impact on module replacement schedule
LTTF Major Conclusions & Recommendations
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Proceed with planning for module replacement in 2005
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Proceed with engineering to allow for future SVT rotation
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Module replacement could probably be delayed beyond 2005 if desirable for
other reasons
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assuming AToM threshold shift does not spread
need more studies to understand the effect
re-assess in ~6 months
Delay of SVTRAD pin diode replacement would compromise radiation
monitoring & protection; develop a contingency plan
Stati dell’IFR
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Efficienza del rivelatore
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Modifiche al software
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Trickle injection
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Studio del background
Forward endcap efficiency
• The efficiency is evaluated from collisions runs using muon pairs
– We observe an efficiency loss in the most external layers (12, 13, 14) when the
backgrounds are high.
• The overall efficiency of the first 12 layers in the forward endcap, evaluated on
cosmics runs is constant between run 3 and run 4
The forward
endcap has been
completely
replaced in
summer 2002
Collision: Efficiency loss per month: 0.99%
Cosmics: Efficiency loss per month: 0.04%
Runs 3-4 efficiency
Barrel - Backward endcap
Average efficiency
Average efficiency of chambers with efficiency > 10 %
Percentage of chambers with efficiency < 10 %
Efficiency gain due to
the HV raise (~ +4%)
This stress a lot the
chambers.
Software changes
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CM2 converted data uses new Kalman swimmer
Track fit χ2 provides better separation between π & µ
A test selector shows significant improvement for low p and
small ϑ in a small sample of Run 3 CM2 data
Trickle injection
Sum of forward east layers 13 & 14 currents (µA) vs. Run number
September
October
November
December
December
November
• Currents
– Usually lower than during normal operations
• IFR Safety
– No HV trips in the forward endcap
October
Forward endcap backgrounds
• Backgrounds in the outermost layers are a
concern for the IFR
– Backgrounds are too high to leave layers 15
and 16 HV on
– During the worst background conditions, layer
14 has frequent trips
5 10
6
4 10
6
3 10
6
2 10
6
1 10
6
Layer 15 off during
normal data taking
Layer 1
Layer 2
Layer 3
Layer 4
Layer 5
Layer 6
Layer 7
Layer 8
Layer 9
Layer 10
Layer 11
Layer 12
0
Layer 14
– Make the primary source of the problem more
visible at MCC
• An EPICS display that shows predicted
noise rates is under development
• This will allow PEP tuning the beams
without our HV on
• Fast scalars monitoring already available
at MCC
– Shielding
Layer 15
• Measures taken
Inner layer rates due to luminosity and HER
Outer layer rates follow LER beam losses
Shielding test
Run 40832
Layer 15
Layer 15
Layer 14
• A steel block (36” × 18” × 8”) was put up during the October ROD at the
face of the forward endcap
– Backgrounds are reduced by a factor > 10
Forward endcap shielding
Shielding
wall
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Parts and tooling have already been made
Part of the installation has been done during the Xmas shutdown
Complete installation needs one more week of downtime
Finish in summer
Stato del progetto LST
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Milestones
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Produzione e controllo della qualita’
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Primi moduli assemblati a Princeton
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Test Tube
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Elettronica
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Software
LST Milestones successfully passed
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Dec 15 ’02
June 12 ‘03
June 15
June 22
June 27
June 30
July 17
Aug 1
Aug 26
Aug 27
Sept 3
Oct 1
Oct 22
Nov 10
Nov 30
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Dec 15
Dec 18
Jan 7 ’04
Jan 9
Jan 14
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BaBar chooses LST for IFR Upgrade
EPAC Review Approves LST Proposal
Cost/Schedule/WBS prepared
INFN Gruppo Uno Evaluation
BaBar IFC Approves Project
Large/Small Cell Decision
Electronics Design Review
Place Orders for Tubes & Small parts
Q/A Review
Install Test Module in BaBar
Fire safety approval for materials (tubes, strips, cables)
Decide to read out Phi via wire signals instead of strips
Mechanical, Schedule (Installation) & Budget Review
Tube Production begins!
Orders placed for components: electronics, crates, HV system,
signal cables, HV cables
Phi Readout plane & Z-strip production begins at SLAC
First shipment (~5%) of tubes to Princeton/OSU
Q/C systems operational at OSU, Princeton
First module assembled at Princeton
First module passes Q/C tests
LST Remaining Milestones
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Feb 9
--Mar 1
---Mar 15
-Apr 2
--Apr 10
-Apr 15
--May 1
-Apr 30
-May 20
-May 25
-May 27
-Jul 31
-Aug 1
-Aug 15
-Oct 8
-Oct 15
-Jul 2005 --
First module assembled at OSU
168 “standard” tubes shipped to Princeton
168 tubes (partially 7-cell and layer 18) shipped to Princeton
Crates complete, Electronics tests begin
2% of modules shipped to SLAC
Q/C system operational at SLAC
320 Tubes shipped to Princeton
Installation tooling complete
Electronics complete
Gas system assembled, under test at SLAC
Electronics, crates, HV shipped to SLAC
Installation Readiness Review
336 tubes shipped to Princeton
Ship all modules for 2 sextants to SLAC
Final 334 Tubes shipped to Princeton
Q/C begins at SLAC
LST module construction complete (6 sextants+spares)
RPC removal begins
Installation of 2 sextants begins
Installation of 2 sextants complete
Run 5 begins
Install remaining 4 sextants
La Pol. Hi. Tech.
Qualita’ della superficie grafite
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La qualita’ della grafite e’ uno dei parametri che influisce maggiormente sul
funzionamento delle camere.
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L’uniformita’ dello strato di grafite viene ispezionato visivamente dagli
operatori della Pol. Hi. Tech.
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Ogni difetto viene catalogato:
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Rough surface
Unpainted spot
Small point
Well Repaired
Unpainted spot e Small point
vengono riparati a mano
dall’operatore.
Misure della resistivita’
Misure di resistivita’ sia sul fondo che sulle alette.
La misura sul fondo viene effettuata automaticamente
da una macchina
La misura sulle alette e’ fatta da operatori della PHT
I dati vengono analizzati dal personale INFN e discussi con i responsabili della
PHT.
Circa il 10% delle camere e’ stato trovato fuori specifica.
Conditioning
Il conditioning e’ di fondamentale
importanza per il buon funzionamento
delle camere.
Viene effettuato su ogni tubo un ciclo di
HV training di una settimana in cui la
camera viene portata fino ad una tensione
di 5900V in massimo 3 giorni e poi
tenuta a 5700V fino alla fine della
settimana.
Tutti i tubi che hanno correnti superiori a
400nA vengono scartati.
V VS. T
Misura del plateau
Plateau Measurement, First Seven LST's
3500
3000
Counting Rate, Hz
2500
Tube 11
Tube 9
2000
E’ richiesto che ogni camera abbia un
plateau in singola di almeno ~400V
Tube 1
Tube 13
Tube 21
1500
Tube 5
Tube 12
1000
500
0
4500
4600
4700
4800
4900
5000
5100
5200
5300
5400
5500
High Voltage, Volts
LST_36 VS. VOLT
5600
5700
5800
5900
6000
6100
Alcuni esempi di plateau in singola dei
primi tubi prodotti alla Pol Hi Tech
Source Scan exposes Pinnacle
Pinnacle #1
The calibration grid space is 0.35mm. The big pinnacle long dimension is ~0.35mm.
At 5700V, open the shutter, initial current is 1.5µA, after 5 seconds, it jumps to 2.4µA,
which indicates self-sustaining discharge mode. Even close the shutter, the current is
still at 1.5µA. One has to turn off the HV to stop it.
Scan con la sorgente
In letteratura si trova una stretta corrispondenza
tra tubi che falliscono il test con la sorgente e tubi
che falliscono il test di lungo termine.
cur:step
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
Lo scan con la sorgente in piu’ fornisce una
radiografia della camera e permette un feedback
immediato, importante per la produzione.
600
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Il piano iniziale prevedeva test di lunga durata a
PHT e con sorgente in USA. Per le prime
spedizioni abbiamo scambiato l’ ordine dei test.
cur:step
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
Per quelle successive entrambi i test verranno fatti
alla PHT, dove è pronto il setup per testare fino a
450 tubi.
600
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
cur:step
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
cur:step
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Long term test
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Alle camere e’ richiesto di passare un
periodo di perfetto funzionamento di 30
giorni alla tensione di 5700V.
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Vengono scartate tutte le camere che tirano
oltre 200 nA per piu’ del 5% della durata del
test
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Il test di lungo termine e’ totalmente gestito
dall’INFN.
Shift organization at PHT
At PHT during production there will be 3 shifters + 1 production
manager:
Shifter duties:
source scan test
long term test
capacitance measurement
overseeing of other important measurements
maintenance of the QC machinary
The granularity of the shifts is 1 week
Stato della produzione (I)
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La fase di commissioning e’ durata fino alla fine di novembre
– Tuning delle macchine da parte della Pol. Hi. Tech.
– Installazione infrastrutture QC
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La produzione delle camere e’ a regime dalla meta’ di Dicembre.
– Rate di tubi assemblati: 15 tubi al giorno
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Ritardi e interruzioni della produzione per:
– Difetti della grafitatura evidenziati sia dall’ispezione visiva, sia dal
conditioning (inizio della produzione)
– Inagibilita’ della fabbrica dovuto alla rottura del sistema di riscaldamento
– Sospensione del conditioning per rottura di un flussimetro di massa
– Accorciamento copertura tubi ( circa 130) a causa di lunghezza fuori
specifica di 2 cm
Stato della produzione (II)
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A oggi (30-01-04) sono stati costruiti piu’ di 300 tubi, di questi:
– 24 sono a Princeton dalla fine di Dicembre e funzionano molto bene
– 50 hanno passato conditioning, plateau e scan con sorgente e saranno
spediti negli USA il 9 Febbraio.
– 132 sono attualmente sotto conditioning
– 100 sono assemblati e in attesa di essere condizionati
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Il sistema di Quality Control e’ funzionante e ben integrato con l’attivita’
di produzione.
– Il sistema di test e’ in grado di assorbire la quantita’ di tubi prodotta
giornalmente dalla ditta
– Il lavoro del personale INFN e’ fondamentale per la diagnostica e la
certificazione della qualita’ delle camere
– Il sistema di QC e’ in grado di segnalare con adeguata tempestivita’ difetti
sistematici o casuali delle camere prodotte.
First 24 tubes arrive Jan 2 in Princeton
All tubes survived the trip
Test stand in operation
in Hi-Bay area
Performance of first 24 tubes – HV plateaus
• More conditioning
increases plateau
widths
• All 24 tubes are
“fine”
First production module assembled Jan 9
Performance of first module:
~ 800 volt HV-Plateau!!!
“Naked” tubes
Before assembly.
~1 day conditioning
Assembled in module.
~1 further day of
conditioning
Structure of the test module
Top strip
plane (bottom
plane not
seen)
Forward end
extension box
Anode wire
readout
LEMO
adaptor
Aluminum box
Trigger counter
OSU
baseline
readout
daughter
board
Readout
mother
board
OSU high
voltage
distribution
board
Test “Tube” Results
Test module installed into BaBar in August
Glue 2 full size prototypes together ⇒ module
read out φ using wires & strips
read out z using cathode strips
integrated into data taking system
installed in
inner most layer
Very good performance/reliability
94% efficiency (acceptance) @ 5600V
Extremely valuable experience
test several configurations of readout electronics
location of bypass capacitor ⇒ near tube is best
larger signals, no φ strips, lower multiplicity
test grounding scheme
study noise and backgrounds
efficiency studies (raise/lower HV, disc. thresholds..)
The test tube is still working properly inside IR2.
BaBar IFR upgrade - LST readout
status report
Lettura in PHI – struttura per il trasporto dei segnali dei fili
materiale necessario per l’installazione
2004
•FFC Flexible Flat Cable (SLAC) in
produzione
•
•Multistrato (SLAC) in produzione
•PHI transition Boards (INFN FE) in
produzione (ORDINATO ANCHE IL
MATERIALE PER INSTALLAZIONE 2005.
PRODUZIONE DIFFERITA A DOPO
INSTALLAZIONE 2004)
Il Collaudo di un modulo a due
tubi equipaggiato di piano di
trasporto dei segnali e’ in corso a
Princeton, NJ, USA
status report
Lettura in Z – struttura multistrato per lettura capacitiva
Dettaglio sulle Z transition boards
Connettori ( 2 x 8 poli ) per FFC a 16 conduttori
FFC a 16 conduttori (6 cavi per piano)
materiale necessario per l’installazione
2004
•FFC (SLAC) in ordine
A. Cotta Ramusino INFN-FE Nov 2003
Connettori per cavi di segnale microribbon twisted pair
Connettori per collegamento schermo cavi di segnale
Supporto (PCB) di sostegno e di distribuzione della massa
attraverso connettori FASTON
•Multistrato (SLAC) materiale ordinato.
Produzione differita al termine della
produzione dei piani di trasporto segnali
•Z transition Boards (INFN FE) in
produzione (ORDINATO ANCHE IL
MATERIALE PER INSTALLAZIONE 2005.
PRODUZIONE DIFFERITA A DOPO
INSTALLAZIONE 2004)
status report
Elettronica di lettura – scheda di Front End: LST-FE
Input Analog Daughter (IAD) card INFN -TO
12 prototipi prodotti
Collaudo positivo -> ordinata
quantita ‘ totale.
Lotto per installazione 2004 atteso
per fine marzo.
LST-FE card INFN -FE
3 prototipi prodotti
Collaudo positivo -> ordinata
quantita ‘ totale.
Lotto per installazione 2004 atteso
per fine marzo.
status report
Elettronica di lettura – scheda di Front End: LST-FE
Prototipo LST-FE + IAD testato a Princeton su prototipo di modulo
completo di piano di trasmissione segnale dei fili: la scheda LST-FE e’ usata in modo stand-alone
per
misurare il rate dei canali (4 fili + 4 strips) connessi. Il risultato e’ inviato via RS232 al PC di
supporto
status report
LST Crate (con elettronica di monitor), Crate Service Card, FSD
Layout of the BaBar LST crate
CAN_VCC
+5V_CTRL
CAN_DOM
CAN_ACT
CAN_BUS
LCD
STATUS MODE
+5V
- 5V
RM_ON REMOTE
ON/OFF
LST CRATE INFN -GE
Tutto il materiale per i 13 crate necessari e’ stato
ordinato.
Lo sviluppo del backplane e delle schede CSC e
FSD e’ alla fase di masterizzazione dei prototipi
1 Prototipo completo di FSD atteso per fine marzo.
LST software
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Geometria
– Accesso alla geometria RPC/LST direttamente dal database di BaBar
– Simulazione GEANT4 del rivelatore con LST
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Ricostruzione
– Studio preliminare del software per la selezione dei µ effettuato tramite Monte
Carlo
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Integrazione RPC/LST
– Ricostruzione degli eventi con compresenza di RPC e LST in sestanti diversi
LST Summary
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Success of first module validates construction and testing procedures.
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Now in full Production at PHT.
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Assembly sites at Princeton and OSU in operation
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Installation, Electronics, HV, etc. under control and on schedule for
summer installation of 2 sextants.
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Major challenge: maintaining quality and
schedule
–
–
–
–
15 tubes per day
Q/C is able to keep up
Shipments scheduled
High quality and high yield

G.Cibinetto.

Transcript

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