e-commerce
Transcript
e-commerce
BOLOGNA - Convento S. Domenico 2 ottobre 2014 INSIEME PER LA RIPRESA Umberto Bertelè, School of Management - Politecnico di Milano © Umberto Bertelè 1 © Umberto Bertelè 2 Creare valore disgregando settori consolidati: il caso WhatsApp © Umberto Bertelè 3 Il caso WhatsApp (1/4) “WhatsApp è riuscita a distruggere il mercato degli SMS in soli 4 anni: un’operazione che avrebbe richiesto in altri tempi tra i 20 e i 30 anni”, ha sostenuto uno dei principali operatori mondiali di venture capital, in occasione della recente acquisizione di WhatsApp da parte di Facebook per 19 miliardi di dollari. Diciannove miliardi per una start-up nata nel 2009, che è riuscita in 4 anni - investendo pochi soldi (60 milioni di dollari) e con pochissime persone (55 in tutto), ma rinunciando quasi integralmente (dato il suo business model) ai ricavi - a superare la soglia dei 450 milioni di utilizzatori e dei 50 miliardi di messaggi processati al giorno: la più elevata velocità di crescita nella storia dell’economia mondiale © Umberto Bertelè 4 Il caso WhatsApp (2/4) Al di là dell’entità della cifra pagata, è proprio la velocità con cui WhatsApp e le start-up sue concorrenti stanno disgregando un mercato ricco come quello degli SMS, con pesantissimi danni per gli operatori telecom che lo controllano, che merita riflessione. Anche perché si tratta di un mercato di nascita relativamente recente, sviluppatosi (fino all’avvento degli smartphone) con il diffondersi dei cellulari, e anche perché i soccombenti sono in larga maggioranza grandi imprese. Così come merita riflessione il fatto che i nuovi entranti - WhatsApp e le altre start-up – sottraggano alle imprese incumbent quote crescenti di mercato, ma non subentrino a esse (se non in minima parte) nei ricavi e nei profitti, perché offrono i servizi alternativi (quasi) © Umberto Bertelè 5 gratuitamente. Il caso WhatsApp (3/4) Quali sono stati gli ingredienti alla base del fenomeno WhatsApp? Se ne possono evidenziare almeno cinque: • la possibilità nata con gli smartphone di un accesso in mobilità a Internet e quindi di un convogliamento alternativo dei messaggi; • la possibilità passando attraverso Internet di aggirare la politica di discriminazione dei prezzi in funzione degli utilizzi applicata dagli operatori telecom: quale ad esempio l’inclusione nei messaggi stessi di foto; • la disponibilità crescente di banda larga (broadband), per i suoi riflessi sulla qualità dei servizi fatti transitare attraverso Internet; • la disponibilità di una infrastruttura sempre più consistente di cloud computing; • il costo estremamente contenuto per la creazione e la diffusione di una app di così grande successo. © Umberto Bertelè 6 Il caso WhatsApp (4/4) La crescita di WhatsApp attraverso la disgregazione di un settore ricco come quello degli SMS è un caso esemplare di big-bang disruption…… ……cioè il fenomeno, dilagante nell’economia, di sparizione di interi settori o comunque di stravolgimento delle loro logiche competitive per l’entrata in gioco di business model completamente (quale quello di WhatsApp) o parzialmente alternativi, resi possibili dalla più recente ondata di innovazioni tecnologiche e di investimenti infrastrutturali nell’ICT. © Umberto Bertelè 7 INDICE DISRUPTION LEGATA A FUNZIONALITA’ DISPOSITIVI • OROLOGI • MACCHINE FOTOGRAFICHE COMPATTE • NAVIGATORI PORTATILI PRODOTTI NATIVAMENTE DIGITALI O DIVENUTI TALI • GIOCHI ELETTRONICI • MUSICA E FILM: STREAMING vs DOWNLOAD • CONVERGENZA CINEMA-TV CONVIVENZA FORMATI • GIORNALI • LIBRI E-COMMERCE CRESCE LA SHARING ECONOMY • DISPONIBILITA’ vs POSSESSO • SERVIZIO vs PRODOTTO • AIRBNB, UBER, CAR SHARING .. FINTECH: LA DISRUPTION MINACCIA IL SISTEMA BANCARIO-FINANZIARIO • PAGAMENTI • TRASFERIMENTI DI VALUTA • GESTIONE RISPARMIO NON SOLO DISRUPTION • SANITA’ • FORMAZIONE: MOOCs • ... AUTO IoT-INTERNET DELLE COSE, ROBOTS, • PRODOTTI DIGITALI E NON DIGITALI TECNICHE ADDITIVE 3D • EFFETTO SHOWROOMING • DIFFICOLTA’ RETAIL TRADIZIONALE © Umberto Bertelè 8 INDICE DISRUPTION LEGATA A FUNZIONALITA’ DISPOSITIVI • OROLOGI • MACCHINE FOTOGRAFICHE COMPATTE • NAVIGATORI PORTATILI PRODOTTI NATIVAMENTE DIGITALI O DIVENUTI TALI • GIOCHI ELETTRONICI • MUSICA E FILM: STREAMING vs DOWNLOAD • CONVERGENZA CINEMA-TV CONVIVENZA FORMATI • GIORNALI • LIBRI E-COMMERCE CRESCE LA SHARING ECONOMY • DISPONIBILITA’ vs POSSESSO • SERVIZIO vs PRODOTTO • AIRBNB, UBER, CAR SHARING .. FINTECH: LA DISRUPTION MINACCIA IL SISTEMA BANCARIO-FINANZIARIO • PAGAMENTI • TRASFERIMENTI DI VALUTA • GESTIONE RISPARMIO NON SOLO DISRUPTION • SANITA’ • FORMAZIONE: MOOCs • ... AUTO IoT-INTERNET DELLE COSE, ROBOTS, • PRODOTTI DIGITALI E NON DIGITALI TECNICHE ADDITIVE 3D • EFFETTO SHOWROOMING • DIFFICOLTA’ RETAIL TRADIZIONALE © Umberto Bertelè 9 L’orologio non serve più per leggere l’ora © Umberto Bertelè 10 Aug. 28, 2014 Samsung, LG to Compete Head On With New Smartwatches A standalone phone for your wrist is finally coming. It will support 3G wireless networks and will be able to make and receive calls without having to be tethered to a smartphone. Sept. 3, 2014 Sony Rolls Out Two Wearable Devices Electronics Maker Unveils Wristband,New Version of Smartwatch Sept. 4, 2014 Apple Watch to Allow Mobile Payments Smartwatch to Have Tap-to-Pay Features, Curved Screen; Not Expected to Ship This Year © Umberto Bertelè 11 Aug. 25, 2014 Swatch Switches Gears on Smartwatches as Apple Looms Its Stock Falling, Swatch Adds 'Smart' Features to Watches Swatch Group is starting to get worried about smartwatches. Over the past 12 months, Swatch shares have fallen nearly 11%, more than rivals Richemont and LVMH. For years Swatch has dismissed Internet-enabled watches as novelties that won't disrupt business at the world's biggest watchmaker. The company said it is introducing fitness functions, a key feature of smartwatches, to its Touch line of digital watches. © Umberto Bertelè 12 Si acquistano sempre meno macchine fotografiche digitali compatte © Umberto Bertelè 13 NOV. 10, 2013 Cameras Succumb to Smartphone Juggernaut There was a time when it would have been crazy to suggest that a phone camera would ever approach the speed and quality of a stand-alone camera. Now, that day is over. Sales of point-and-shoot cameras have been declining for years .. Taking a picture with a phone simply isn't a subpar experience. For most people, most of the time, a phone is all you need. What the phone did to the camera isn't an isolated incident. The story behind the death of the stand-alone camera is a history of the future of almost everything. © Umberto Bertelè 14 AUG. 12, 2013 Smartphones Expose Camera Makers' Shortcomings Sales of Mass-Market Models Plummet, and High-End Hopes Look Misplaced (1/2) Smartphones are killing off the once-core business of compact digital cameras. Worse still, hopes that sales of high-end models would make up the shortfall now look misplaced. Sales of compact cameras are already tumbling fast at Canon and Nikon, which together sold 44% of all cameras globally last year. © Umberto Bertelè 15 AUG. 12, 2013 Smartphones Expose Camera Makers' Shortcomings Sales of Mass-Market Models Plummet, and High-End Hopes Look Misplaced (2/2) ... At Canon sales of compact cameras in the quarter ended June 30 were down 26% from a year earlier. At Nikon sales were down 30%. That wasn't a surprise given smartphone cameras are essentially making compact cameras seem increasingly obsolete… © Umberto Bertelè 16 Gli smartphone rottamano i navigatori portatili © Umberto Bertelè 17 INDICE DISRUPTION LEGATA A FUNZIONALITA’ DISPOSITIVI • OROLOGI • MACCHINE FOTOGRAFICHE COMPATTE • NAVIGATORI PORTATILI PRODOTTI NATIVAMENTE DIGITALI O DIVENUTI TALI • GIOCHI ELETTRONICI • MUSICA E FILM: STREAMING vs DOWNLOAD • CONVERGENZA CINEMA-TV CONVIVENZA FORMATI • GIORNALI • LIBRI E-COMMERCE CRESCE LA SHARING ECONOMY • DISPONIBILITA’ vs POSSESSO • SERVIZIO vs PRODOTTO • AIRBNB, UBER, CAR SHARING .. FINTECH: LA DISRUPTION MINACCIA IL SISTEMA BANCARIO-FINANZIARIO • PAGAMENTI • TRASFERIMENTI DI VALUTA • GESTIONE RISPARMIO NON SOLO DISRUPTION • SANITA’ • FORMAZIONE: MOOCs • ... AUTO IoT-INTERNET DELLE COSE, ROBOTS, • PRODOTTI DIGITALI E NON DIGITALI TECNICHE ADDITIVE 3D • EFFETTO SHOWROOMING • DIFFICOLTA’ RETAIL TRADIZIONALE © Umberto Bertelè 18 Gli smartphone e i tablet rubano spazio alle console per videogame © Umberto Bertelè 19 JAN 20, 2014 Nintendo’s declining sales put change of game plan on cards Nintendo announced that it had cut its net profit forecast of Y55bn ($527m) in the year to March to a net loss of Y25bn, as sales of its Wii U games console and 3DS handheld unit fell well short of global targets .. The core problem is that the world’s largest games machine maker has been hurt by the big shift to mobile devices. Casual gamers are abandoning specialised hardware in favour of playing on phones and tablet computers, on which titles can be downloaded at a fraction of the cost .. 20 DEC 3, 2013 Apps market: From chat to finance, soon your gadget will run your life (1/2) Apps have become the core feature of every smartphone. Work or leisure, finance or fitness, apps are available for anything you could dream up – and probably some you could not. Mobile app stores recorded 64bn downloads last year .. Revenues are forecast to soar to $26bn this year, from $18bn in 2012. 21 DEC 3, 2013 Apps market: From chat to finance, soon your gadget will run your life (2/2) And it is not just smartphones. The increasing popularity of tablets has opened up even more possibilities for app designers .. Practical tools such as Google Maps and social media such as Facebook are some of the most widely used apps, but games dominate the market .. “About 70 to 80 per cent of revenues on Google Play and iTunes come from games” .. 22 August 17, 2014 Smartphone owners’ appetite for new apps wanes The average number of apps downloaded on a monthly basis has decreased considerably in 2014. As smartphones saturate mobile markets in the US and Europe, developers must rely on customers continuing to download new apps for their businesses to grow. August 19, 2014 Apps: Growing pains Once a thriving cottage industry, bigger players are now dominant and profits are squeezed 23 Musica, film e televisione © Umberto Bertelè 24 NOV. 12, 2013 Film in streaming a pagamento: Lo «store» Google arriva anche in Italia Si arricchisce il mercato del cinema on line a pagamento . Sul play disponibili pellicole a noleggio e in abbonamento Un nuovo contendente cerca di portare in Italia lo streaming legale di film: si chiama Google ed è pronto a dare battaglia ai numerosi concorrenti. Da oggi infatti anche in Italia sarà possibile noleggiare o acquistare film da Google Play, il negozio online del colosso delle ricerche già noto per la vendita di applicazioni, giochi, musica e libri. Google sbarca in un mercato affollatissimo dove i servizi abbondano: ITUNES (Apple); CHILI TV (cui partecipa anche il «Corriere» con il Cinema Store); CUBO VISION (Telecom Italia); MYMOVIESWIDE!; VODDLER (arrivato in Italia a maggio); XBOX VIDEO (Microsoft); PLAYSTATION 3 (Videostore di Sony). Entro fine anno arriveranno anche le piattaforme di Mediaset e Sky. © Umberto Bertelè 25 DEC 11 2013 YouTube ad revenue surges to $5.6bn Advertisers will spend a projected $5.6bn on YouTube in 2013, an increase of more than 50 per cent on the previous year, according to a report. The sharp rise, which follows an explosion of viewing on mobile devices, comes as advertisers strive to reach younger consumers who have drifted away from television .. © Umberto Bertelè 26 JAN 3, 2014 Streaming services take toll on digital music sales Long considered the music industry’s best prospect for growth, US digital music sales declined in 2013 for the first time since the launch of Apple’s iTunes store in 2003… US digital single track sales dropped 6 per cent in 2013 to 1.26bn units from 1.34bn in 2012... Total digital album sales were about flat year on year, with 118m units sold. The sales decline comes amid the fast growth of streaming music services, such as Spotify, Deezer and Rdio. .. The total number of audio and video streams surged 24 per cent to 50m streams during the first half of 2013 compared with the same period the year before .. 27 Jun 14th 2014 Second wind Some traditional businesses are thriving in an age of disruptive innovation Even staid businesses such as law firms and universities are threatened by technology-cum-globalisation. But look at the air more closely and you can see some strange objects floating around: - Swiss watches - Montblanc fountain pens - Harris Tweed jackets - old-fashioned sailing boats. Management gurus may tell people to bow down before the great god of disruptive innovation. But some companies are cheerfully doing the opposite - preserving or resuscitating traditional technologies and business models. © Umberto Bertelè 28 INDICE DISRUPTION LEGATA A FUNZIONALITA’ DISPOSITIVI • OROLOGI • MACCHINE FOTOGRAFICHE COMPATTE • NAVIGATORI PORTATILI PRODOTTI NATIVAMENTE DIGITALI O DIVENUTI TALI • GIOCHI ELETTRONICI • MUSICA E FILM: STREAMING vs DOWNLOAD • CONVERGENZA CINEMA-TV CONVIVENZA FORMATI • GIORNALI • LIBRI E-COMMERCE CRESCE LA SHARING ECONOMY • DISPONIBILITA’ vs POSSESSO • SERVIZIO vs PRODOTTO • AIRBNB, UBER, CAR SHARING .. FINTECH: LA DISRUPTION MINACCIA IL SISTEMA BANCARIO-FINANZIARIO • PAGAMENTI • TRASFERIMENTI DI VALUTA • GESTIONE RISPARMIO NON SOLO DISRUPTION • SANITA’ • FORMAZIONE: MOOCs • ... AUTO IoT-INTERNET DELLE COSE, ROBOTS, • PRODOTTI DIGITALI E NON DIGITALI TECNICHE ADDITIVE 3D • EFFETTO SHOWROOMING • DIFFICOLTA’ RETAIL TRADIZIONALE © Umberto Bertelè 29 Sono sempre più in crisi i giornali e ci sono sempre meno edicole © Umberto Bertelè 30 NOV. 5, 2013 Rcs, il Cda dà il via libera alla vendita della sede di Corriere e Gazzetta Il Consiglio di amministrazione di Rcs ha approvato «a maggioranza» la vendita per 120 milioni al fondo americano Blackstone del complesso immobiliare di via Solferino e via San Marco a Milano, che oggi ospita le redazioni del Corriere della Sera e della Gazzetta dello Sport ... … All'ultima rinegoziazione del debito, conclusa contestualmente agli accordi di garanzia per l'aumento di capitale da 400 milioni completato a fine luglio, era stata inclusa tra le garanzie per le banche anche un'ipoteca sull'immobile di via San Marco e Solferino. © Umberto Bertelè 31 OCT. 29, 2013 Loss Expected to Widen for New York Times Company OCT. 10, 2013 Amazon.com founder and chief executive Jeffrey P. Bezos formally took over as the owner of The Washington Post on Tuesday, officially ending 80 years of local control of the newspaper by the Graham family. Bezos’s $250 million purchase ... Bezos has the deep pockets to sustain an enterprise that has been buffeted for years by declining readership and advertising, especially in the printed Post ... © Umberto Bertelè 32 L’Editoria: I giornali Due business model tradizionali per il giornale “cartaceo”: • la formula mista “lettori + pubblicità”, con il passaggio per le edicole o la distribuzione diretta (prevalentemente per abbonamento) • la formula “free press”, solo pubblicità, con la distribuzione diretta gratuita nei punti di grande passaggio. Che cosa succede con l’avvento di Internet? • cresce la disponibilità di notizie gratuite su web, che comincia ad assorbire fatturato pubblicitario; • inizia la vendita online dei giornali, con effetti abbastanza limitati; • iniziano a scendere, anche per effetto della crisi, sia le vendite cartacee sia la pubblicità sui giornali; • inizia un lento processo di riorganizzazione dei giornali, diverso a seconda dei paesi, con una progressiva fusione fra le redazioni cartacea e online © Umberto Bertelè 33 L’Editoria: I giornali Che cosa succede con l’avvento di smartphone + tablet + app + cloud+ banda larga? • cresce molto, soprattutto con il tablet, la vendita online: limitata però ai giornali più importanti e non tale da bilanciare le perdite nelle copie cartacee (se non forse per giornali specializzati come FT e WSJ); • il prelievo sulla vendita (che avviene attraverso app) è forte: il 30 per cento nel caso di Apple; • cresce il contenzioso con gli OTT per la sottrazione illecita di news, con un paradosso: senza il passaggio attraverso gli OTT un giornale “non esiste”; • calano drasticamente le vendite del “cartaceo” e cala drasticamente la pubblicità, facendo entrare in crisi anche giornali come il NYT; • “mai così tanti lettori come adesso (Ferruccio De Bortoli)”, ma mai così pochi soldi; • violente ristrutturazioni, come quella recente di RCS; • chiusura di moltissime edicole (un terzo delle esistenti a Milano), che vedono esaurirsi la loro funzione. © Umberto Bertelè 34 Sono sempre più in difficoltà le librerie e crescono i conflitti con gli editori tradizionali © Umberto Bertelè 35 JAN 16, 2013 Barnes & Noble, the Last Big Bookseller Standing: But for How Long? (1/2) .. Despite a heavy investment in the Nook business, Barnes & Noble is expected to have a three-year cumulative loss of more than $700 million On January 3, Barnes & Noble said its holiday sales for the nine-week period ending December 29 were $1.2 billion, down 10.9% from a year ago. .. Nook product sales fell 12.6% from a year ago. Barnes & Noble isn’t alone. Many traditional retailers are struggling against online powerhouse Amazon.com: Best Buy, Target, .. Bricks-and-mortar retailers are battling a phenomenon called “the showrooming effect“: the consumer practice of checking out a product in a retail store and then buying it online at a better price. .. © Umberto Bertelè 36 JAN 16, 2013 Barnes & Noble, the Last Big Bookseller Standing: But for How Long? (2/2) … Despite the bankruptcy of chief competitor Borders in 2011, Barnes & Noble has struggled to increase sales. It has actively moved to address consumers’ rapid shift from print to digital books and to combat Amazon’s expanding Kindle business. However, Barnes & Noble’s Nook now faces a growing number of competitors .. The challenge for Barnes & Noble is that it lacks a strong digital content ecosystem relative to Amazon, Apple and Google. Both Apple and Amazon, for example, have invested heavily in video content and digital music distribution. Barnes & Noble historically has focused solely on books. “Barnes & Noble is the last bookstore chain standing,” says Wharton management professor Steve Kobrin, “There’s still a niche there, but it may go to small independent bookstores.” © Umberto Bertelè 37 June 25, 2014 Barnes & Noble to separate retail, Nook Media Barnes & Noble hopes to survive by splitting in two. The largest U.S. brick-and-mortar bookseller, beset by tough competition from online retailers like Amazon and discount stores like Wal-Mart, plans to split off its Nook e-reader division as it looks to boost shareholder value. Investors applauded the news, sending shares up more than 6 percent in midday trading. © Umberto Bertelè 38 June 29, 2014 Bertelsmann Getting Out of Book Retailing Publisher to Close Stores, Book Clubs in GermanSpeaking Markets © Umberto Bertelè 39 Aug. 9, 2014 Amazon Aims at Publisher Hachette's CEO in Contract Dispute Calls on Authors to Email CEO, Pressure Him to Agree to Terms © Umberto Bertelè 40 LE NUOVE “BIBLIOTECHE POPOLARI” Jul 16, 2014 Amazon Tests ‘Kindle Unlimited,’ A Netflix For Ebooks And Audiobooks Amazon might give readers something to get really excited about: A digital ebook and audiobook subscription service that provides Kindle users with all the content they can consume from a potential library of over 600,000 titles for just $9.99 per month. This ‘Netflix for ebooks’ would compete with existing services including those from startup Oyster. © Umberto Bertelè 41 INDICE DISRUPTION LEGATA A FUNZIONALITA’ DISPOSITIVI • OROLOGI • MACCHINE FOTOGRAFICHE COMPATTE • NAVIGATORI PORTATILI PRODOTTI NATIVAMENTE DIGITALI O DIVENUTI TALI • GIOCHI ELETTRONICI • MUSICA E FILM: STREAMING vs DOWNLOAD • CONVERGENZA CINEMA-TV CONVIVENZA FORMATI • GIORNALI • LIBRI CRESCE LA SHARING ECONOMY • DISPONIBILITA’ vs POSSESSO • SERVIZIO vs PRODOTTO • AIRBNB, UBER, CAR SHARING .. FINTECH: LA DISRUPTION MINACCIA IL SISTEMA BANCARIO-FINANZIARIO • PAGAMENTI • TRASFERIMENTI DI VALUTA • GESTIONE RISPARMIO NON SOLO DISRUPTION • SANITA’ • FORMAZIONE: MOOCs • ... AUTO E-COMMERCE IoT-INTERNET DELLE COSE, ROBOTS, • PRODOTTI DIGITALI E NON DIGITALI TECNICHE ADDITIVE 3D • EFFETTO SHOWROOMING • DIFFICOLTA’ RETAIL TRADIZIONALE © Umberto Bertelè 42 Anche le catene retail tradizionali soffrono la concorrenza dell’e-commerce © Umberto Bertelè 43 NOV. 11, 2013 Staples: trouble in store Retailer faces a double whammy akin to the book industry Another rough day for bricks and mortar retail. Staples, the US officesupplies chain, said that it would close up to 225 stores in North America over the next two years. That is about 12 per cent of the 1,846 it had at the end of 2013. Also this week, RadioShack, the troubled electronics retailer, said that it was shutting up to 1,100 stores (about a fifth of its total.) Technology in general and Amazon in particular are transforming the way people buy stuff. All retailers are trying to work out how to transform themselves in order to survive. © Umberto Bertelè 44 NOV. 11, 2013 Target Fills Its Cart With Some of Amazon's Tricks (1/2) Target has come up with an answer to Amazon.com. Copy it. The discount chain's latest online offerings have a distinct Amazon feel - from recurring deliveries for diapers to ondemand streaming video and free shipping and discounts for its members. All emulate similar offers from the e-commerce company. Target says Amazon is just one of many competitors and it isn't mimicking anyone. Still, the moves highlight an important fact of doing business at Target: the customer who visits the discounter's giant stores and the customer who orders online from Amazon are increasingly the same person. © Umberto Bertelè 45 NOV. 11, 2013 Target Fills Its Cart With Some of Amazon's Tricks (2/2) The deep overlap poses a significant threat to a company that despite the cultural moves and heavy investment continues to struggle with e-commerce, even as customers shift more and more of their shopping online. Target's Internet sales are less than 2% of its $73 billion in total sales last year. By comparison, Amazon's North America sales rose 30% last year to $35 billion, most of it in categories of goods that Target also sells. © Umberto Bertelè 46 August 14, 2014 Big fashion names fund shopping app Retailer faces a double whammy akin to the book industry Some of the fashion world’s biggest names are backing a fledgling New York ecommerce platform that aims to use the familiarity of social media hallmarks to make shopping easier on a mobile phone. Lew Frankfort .. and Groupe Arnault, the fund controlled by LVMH’s Bernard Arnault, have all invested in a recent $7.5m funding round for Spring, a mobile app that launches in the US. Spring is a direct-sales marketplace targeting young, twenty-something female professionals that combines the visual aesthetic of photo-sharing app Instagram with the compulsive swipe function of dating app Tinder and the “favouriting” and “following” components of Twitter. Spring provides the software and technological infrastructure, while the fashion companies handle inventory and shipping via their existing ecommerce operations. © Umberto Bertelè 47 NOV. 11, 2013 China e-commerce love affair breaks records on Single’s Day Monday in China was Single’s Day, a day that e-commerce companies have turned into the world’s biggest day for online shopping by offering a steady stream of promotions and deep discounts. By 1:04pm on Monday, sales on Alibaba, the nation’s largest e-commerce group, reached $3.1bn. At midnight, this figure had almost doubled to $5.7bn. Last year, revenue from online sales in China was between $190bn-$210bn, a close second to the US market, worth $220bn-$230bn, and China’s market is growing much faster. © Umberto Bertelè 48 September 5, 2014 Alibaba to raise up to $21.1bn in IPO Alibaba is seeking to raise up to $21.1bn on the New York Stock Exchange in what will be one of the largest IPO on record, with a price range of $60 to $66. At the top of the range this would value the company at about $160bn. At $16bn, Facebook’s listing in 2012 is the largest technology or internet-related IPO. Alibaba is China’s largest ecommerce platform, controlling as much as 80 per cent of the market, with nearly $300bn worth of goods sold on its marketplaces last year (more than comparable figures for Amazon.com and eBay combined). Alibaba has been facing competition from other Chinese Internet companies, including Tencent, as they all work to lure China's 500 million smartphone users. © Umberto Bertelè 49 INDICE DISRUPTION LEGATA A FUNZIONALITA’ DISPOSITIVI • OROLOGI • MACCHINE FOTOGRAFICHE COMPATTE • NAVIGATORI PORTATILI PRODOTTI NATIVAMENTE DIGITALI O DIVENUTI TALI • GIOCHI ELETTRONICI • MUSICA E FILM: STREAMING vs DOWNLOAD • CONVERGENZA CINEMA-TV CONVIVENZA FORMATI • GIORNALI • LIBRI E-COMMERCE CRESCE LA SHARING ECONOMY • DISPONIBILITA’ vs POSSESSO • SERVIZIO vs PRODOTTO • AIRBNB, UBER, CAR SHARING .. FINTECH: LA DISRUPTION MINACCIA IL SISTEMA BANCARIO-FINANZIARIO • PAGAMENTI • TRASFERIMENTI DI VALUTA • GESTIONE RISPARMIO NON SOLO DISRUPTION • SANITA’ • FORMAZIONE: MOOCs • ... AUTO IoT-INTERNET DELLE COSE, ROBOTS, • PRODOTTI DIGITALI E NON DIGITALI TECNICHE ADDITIVE 3D • EFFETTO SHOWROOMING • DIFFICOLTA’ RETAIL TRADIZIONALE © Umberto Bertelè 50 CRESCE LA SHARING ECONOMY © Umberto Bertelè 51 March 20, 2014 Airbnb Is in Advanced Talks to Raise Funds at a $10 Billion Valuation The rich price tag reflects Airbnb's potential to disrupt the hotel industry. In six years, the company has become a required destination for millions of tourists looking for cheap rooms, while giving homeowners a new source of income. The company could be worth more than Wyndham Worldwide, which manages 7,500 hotels under the Wyndham, Ramada and other brands, and is valued at $9.3 billion. Hyatt Hotels has a market value of $8.4 billion. © Umberto Bertelè 52 Jul 8, 2014 Catalonia Fines Airbnb, Threatens to Block Locals From Using Site Jun 18, 2014 China’s Answer to Airbnb, Tujia.com, Raises $100M © Umberto Bertelè 53 June 13, 2014 Taxi protests drive growth of cab-hailing apps Protests by thousands of taxi drivers in Europe this week, bringing traffic chaos to the streets of London, Paris, Milan and Berlin, had at least one positive side-effect for the company that was the target of their anger. © Umberto Bertelè 54 Aug. 11, 2014 Tech's Fiercest Rivalry: Uber vs. Lyft The Two Heavily Financed Upstarts Also Aim to Supplant the Taxi Industry Forget Apple vs. Google. The fiercest battle in the tech capital may well be between two heavily financed upstarts plotting the demise of the taxi industry - and each other. Uber and Lyft are undercutting each other's prices, poaching drivers and coopting innovations, increasingly blurring the lines between the two services. © Umberto Bertelè 55 September 2, 2014 Uber hit with nationwide ban in Germany Uber is facing its biggest legal challenge so far after its most popular service was banned throughout Germany, marking the first time the disruptive taxi app has been hit with a countrywide restriction. The temporary injunction imposed by Frankfurt’s Regional Court prohibits the fast-growing company from operating its Uber Pop “ride-sharing” service. Uber said it would continue to operate in defiance of the injunction, but it faces fines of up to €250,000 ($328,000) per trip if it is caught violating the ban, which does not affect its higher-priced "Black" limousine service. Ride-sharing companies allow anybody who passes a background check to act as an ad-hoc taxi driver after being hailed by a smartphone app. Critics say the model poses safety risks and skirts regulations that licensed taxi drivers must adhere to, while Uber and other start-ups say it increases consumer choice and creates jobs. Amid escalating regulatory challenges and battles with taxi operators around the world, Uber last month hired David Plouffe, election campaign manager to Barack Obama, 56 to lead its strategic and policy response.© Umberto Bertelè INDICE DISRUPTION LEGATA A FUNZIONALITA’ DISPOSITIVI • OROLOGI • MACCHINE FOTOGRAFICHE COMPATTE • NAVIGATORI PORTATILI PRODOTTI NATIVAMENTE DIGITALI O DIVENUTI TALI • GIOCHI ELETTRONICI • MUSICA E FILM: STREAMING vs DOWNLOAD • CONVERGENZA CINEMA-TV CONVIVENZA FORMATI • GIORNALI • LIBRI E-COMMERCE CRESCE LA SHARING ECONOMY • DISPONIBILITA’ vs POSSESSO • SERVIZIO vs PRODOTTO • AIRBNB, UBER, CAR SHARING .. FINTECH: LA DISRUPTION MINACCIA IL SISTEMA BANCARIO-FINANZIARIO • PAGAMENTI • TRASFERIMENTI DI VALUTA • GESTIONE RISPARMIO NON SOLO DISRUPTION • SANITA’ • FORMAZIONE: MOOCs • ... AUTO IoT-INTERNET DELLE COSE, ROBOTS, • PRODOTTI DIGITALI E NON DIGITALI TECNICHE ADDITIVE 3D • EFFETTO SHOWROOMING • DIFFICOLTA’ RETAIL TRADIZIONALE © Umberto Bertelè 57 April 10, 2014 Silicon Valley start-ups vie to make online credit work (1/2) Lending working capital to small businesses hardly sounds like the sexy end of the digital industry. But something of a race is on between a band of internet start-ups – many with big-name backers [i.e. Google, David Bonderman (co-founder of private equity firm TPG), Vikram Pandit and Tom Glocer (former CEOs respectively of Citigroup and Thomson Reuters)] - that see this as one of the best avenues to breaking into the financial services world. Manually collecting and analysing the information needed to understand whether a business can remain solvent is a costly activity. That usually makes it uneconomic to lend the small amounts of cash that small businesses need. Automating this process promises to change the economics. 58 April 10, 2014 Silicon Valley start-ups vie to make online credit work (2/2) The ability to pull in accounting data automatically from a borrower’s own books has been made easier by the fact that much of that information now resides in cloud services. Most lenders also draw on other pools of data – from government census surveys to user reviews on online sites such as Yelp – to build their risk models and gather a full picture of a business’s prospects. Crunching the data with algorithms, rather than human analysts, has further reduced overheads. 59 FT - August 27, 2014 Lending Club seeks to raise more than $500m in IPO Lending Club moved ahead with plans for an IPO that will test investor demand for peer-to-peer lenders. The San Francisco-based company, founded in 2007, is likely to seek a valuation of about $5bn and hopes to raise more than $500m. The company runs an online marketplace for connecting borrowers and lenders. It has facilitated more than $5bn in loans, including over $1bn in the second quarter of 2014. Unlike a bank, Lending Club does not assume credit risk or use its own capital to invest in loans. Investors have been lured by high-yielding loans in the platform during a period of historically low interest rates. 60 April 13, 2014 London’s ‘fintech’ start-ups aim high …growth of new technology start-ups in London that are threatening to shake up financial services in the UK and beyond. .. Innovation in the consumer-facing “fintech” sector is happening in money transfer, asset management, mobile payments and crowdfunding. .. As the global centre of financial services and a tech hub, London gives fintech entrepreneurs access to an unparalleled pool of talent, from developers to product managers to compliance officers to sales. 61 April 13, 2014 Facebook targets financial services Facebook is readying to provide financial services in the form of remittances and electronic money. The social network is only weeks away from obtaining regulatory approval in Ireland for a service that would allow its users to store money on Facebook and use it to pay and exchange money with others. 62 APRIL 13, 2014 Real-Estate Crowdfunding Finds Its Footing Sites Offer Small Shares in Commercial Properties © Umberto Bertelè 63 March 10, 2014 Explosive growth pushes Alibaba online fund up global rankings (1/2) A Chinese internet money market fund that launched just nine months ago has more investors than the country’s equity markets. The total number of investors in Yu’e Bao, an online fund launched by ecommerce giant Alibaba Group in June last year, topped 81m, compared with about 77m active equity trading accounts in the whole country. © Umberto Bertelè 64 March 10, 2014 Explosive growth pushes Alibaba online fund up global rankings (2/2) The number jumped from 49m as of January 15 to 81m by February 26. The explosive growth has propelled Yu’e Bao, which means “leftover treasure”, up the global rankings of the biggest money market funds. It had accumulated at least Rmb500bn ($81bn) in deposits by the second week of March, making it the fourth largest money-market fund in the world. © Umberto Bertelè 65 Useremo sempre più lo smartphone anche per pagare? © Umberto Bertelè 66 Useremo sempre più lo smartphone anche per pagare? Le prospettive di disruption non risparmiano nemmeno il mondo bancario-finanziario. Vi sono elevate probabilità che una quota crescente di pagamenti - per gli acquisti nei negozi e nelle grandi catene - passi nel prossimo futuro attraverso lo smartphone. I business model in gara per un mercato potenzialmente molto ricco sono molteplici e di diversa natura sono gli attori economici che li propongono: • da una parte gli operatori telecom (in alleanza con le banche), che vogliono sfruttare le tecnologie NFC (presto disponibili su larga parte degli smartphone) per raccogliere direttamente gli ordini di pagamento ed essere leader di filiera; • dall’altra le grandi di Internet, quali Google e eBay con PayPal, che propongono sistemi che dirottino su Internet gli ordini, per essere esse stesse a intercettarli e ad attivare filiere (almeno in parte) diverse. © Umberto Bertelè 67 Sept. 4, 2014 Apple Watch to Allow Mobile Payments Smartwatch to Have Tap-to-Pay Features, Curved Screen; Not Expected to Ship This Year Apple plans to include short-range wireless technology in its coming smartwatch, signaling that it sees a role for the device in digital payments. The gadget's use of near-field communication, or NFC, reflects Apple's broader ambitions for the so-called iWatch beyond health and fitness tracking. Apple also is expected to add the wireless technology to the next versions of its iPhone. NFC wireless is central to Apple's plans to offer so-called tap-to-pay into its mobile devices, allowing users to pay for goods and services using credit cards stored with iTunes. © Umberto Bertelè 68 FT - March 24, 2014 Indian start-ups tap into mobile payments technology A handful of Indian start-ups, aided by a growing number of global investors, are hoping to roll out types of mobile technology first popularised by Silicon Valley start-up Square. Square and its rivals, including eBay’s PayPal unit, make credit card readers that plug into smartphones for use by small scale merchants from artisans to babysitters who often avoid the hassle of accepting cards. Leading Indian start-ups such as Ezetap and Mswipe might not have Square’s heady valuation – which was put at about $5bn in January – but their technology works in much the same way, while targeting the more basic phones that remain common in India and other emerging markets. International enthusiasm for the sector was underlined last week when American Express took a minority stake in Bangalore-based Ezetap. © Umberto Bertelè 69 August 15, 2014 Banks Vie for a Piece of Africa's Mobile Banking Market Where Most Have a Phone and Few Have Bank Accounts, Telecom Operators Dominate Fast-Growing Business In Kenya, where telecom companies dominate the mobile-payments market, one of the country's largest banks is fighting to retake some of its traditional turf. M-Pesa - owned by Safaricom, the Kenyan subsidiary of global telecom giant Vodafone - is Kenya's most popular mobile-payments service. M-Pesa, launched in 2007, handles $18 billion in transactions annually. They come from cow herders in the country's dusty Rift Valley villages, pedicab drivers in the bustling port of Mombasa and technology entrepreneurs in traffic-clogged Nairobi. Together, they are equivalent to 43% of Kenya's economic output. © Umberto Bertelè 70 OCT. 15, 2013 The Money Is in the Email Square Cash Lets Users Email Funds to Friends While you can buy a $500 iPad at Amazon.com with a single click, sending even small amounts of cash to a friend or relative is still often a tedious and slow task. In most cases, you wind up doing exactly what you would have in 1957 - writing a check and mailing it. The recipient then has to cash it or deposit it in her bank account. But starting Tuesday, you can just email cash, free of charge, directly from your debit card to anyone else's, regardless of what bank each party uses. There's no login or password to remember and no special software or hardware required - you just use email. It works on both ends using any email service or program on any email-capable device, whether a computer, a smartphone or a tablet. This new service, called Square Cash, comes from Square, best known for equipping small brick-and-mortar merchants with smartphone-swiping devices that allow them to accept credit cards, and with tablets that act as sophisticated cash registers. © Umberto Bertelè 71 INDICE DISRUPTION LEGATA A FUNZIONALITA’ DISPOSITIVI • OROLOGI • MACCHINE FOTOGRAFICHE COMPATTE • NAVIGATORI PORTATILI PRODOTTI NATIVAMENTE DIGITALI O DIVENUTI TALI • GIOCHI ELETTRONICI • MUSICA E FILM: STREAMING vs DOWNLOAD • CONVERGENZA CINEMA-TV CONVIVENZA FORMATI • GIORNALI • LIBRI E-COMMERCE CRESCE LA SHARING ECONOMY • DISPONIBILITA’ vs POSSESSO • SERVIZIO vs PRODOTTO • AIRBNB, UBER, CAR SHARING .. FINTECH: LA DISRUPTION MINACCIA IL SISTEMA BANCARIO-FINANZIARIO • PAGAMENTI • TRASFERIMENTI DI VALUTA • GESTIONE RISPARMIO NON SOLO DISRUPTION • SANITA’ • FORMAZIONE: MOOCs • ... AUTO IoT-INTERNET DELLE COSE, ROBOTS, • PRODOTTI DIGITALI E NON DIGITALI TECNICHE ADDITIVE 3D • EFFETTO SHOWROOMING • DIFFICOLTA’ RETAIL TRADIZIONALE © Umberto Bertelè 72 Nuovi business model per la sanità e per la formazione? © Umberto Bertelè 73 NOV. 8, 2013 Digital innovation for social change (1/2) From finding lost children in China, to sharing experiences of illness, to using ‘unsmart’ phones to fight corruption 100 groundbreaking applications of digital technology At Nominet Trust, one of the UK’s leading funders of social technology ventures, we wanted to find out how these digital technologies could help solve big social challenges. We believe such efforts, if implemented effectively, can make a tangible difference to people’s lives, especially in the developing world where there are severe shortages of doctors and teachers, hospitals and schools, and traditional models of providing essential services do not work. © Umberto Bertelè 74 NOV. 8, 2013 Digital innovation for social change (2/2) Medicall Home A drab office block in a busy inner suburb of Mexico City is the epicentre of one of the most revolutionary approaches to primary healthcare anywhere in the world. A team of 20 paramedics, dressed in starched white coats, sit in cubicles waiting to answer phones. The medics are supported by computer systems loaded with protocols pooled from some of the best hospitals in the world to help them diagnose conditions. This little call-centre is the heart of Medicall Home, created by a telemarketing entrepreneur, Pedro Yrigoyen, which provides a bare-bones primary healthcare service for about five million Mexicans for just $5 a month, paid through their mobile phone bill. Two-thirds of the issues raised by callers are resolved over the phone .. If Medicall Home recommends that the patient goes to a doctor or has a blood test then it connects them to one of its network of 6,000 accredited doctors or 3,000 healthcare providers, in 233 cities, where they can claim discounts of anything between 5 per cent and 50 per cent. © Umberto Bertelè 75 JAN 10, 2014 Digital healthcare opportunities for tech start-ups The sick, the old and the stressed are the unlikely new target market for a growing corner of the technology industry, which is salivating over the opportunities offered by healthcare reform in the US. From start-ups to large health insurance providers, the digital health industry exhibits at this week’s CES expanded by 40 per cent this year as companies showed off products promising to save money by keeping patients at home .. The US Affordable Care Act puts pressure on providers to prove they are delivering the most cost-effective care. For the technology industry, this means encouraging more remote care and preventive monitoring to eliminate unnecessary doctors’ visits and hospital stays .. 76 July 15, 2014 Google and Novartis to develop ‘smart’ contact lens for diabetics FT - July 18, 2014 Technology: Wear your medicine New wearable digital devices could signal a radical shift in medical practice Sept. 5, 2014 Apple's Next Big Focus: Your Health Tech Giant Expected to Unveil Smartwatch With Sensors to Monitor Vital Signs, Fitness 77 JUNE. 29, 2013 Catching on at last New technology is poised to disrupt America’s schools, and then the world’s © Umberto Bertelè 78 OCT. 31, 2013 Short e-courses Move over, MOOCs Massive open online courses, or MOOCs, offered by universities have the potential to shake up education. © Umberto Bertelè 79 23 Giugno 2014 La “nuova” Università dopo secoli di storia Stefano Paleari, Presidente della Conferenza dei Rettori delle Università Italiane La rivoluzione digitale bussa anche alle porte degli atenei, mettendo in discussione modalità di insegnamento rimaste sostanzialmente immutate dal Medioevo. Con le università telematiche e i Massive Open Online Courses, che raccolgono un numero crescente di studenti, si aprono nuovi scenari per la formazione ma anche per la ricerca, in cui l’integrazione fra il modello tradizionale e quello a distanza appare inevitabile © Umberto Bertelè 80 August 28, 2014 Thou shalt be disrupted: welcome to the silicon church Think of them as God’s back-office. Technology start-ups have spied an opportunity in helping Christian clergy manage their organisations – from using apps to harvest data about their parishioners, to administering assets such as cemeteries and church organs. California-based Kaleo Apps offers a host of smartphone features to churches, including Facebook-like “prayer walls” and a service that lets churchgoers donate via SMS. The company says its tools have increased giving by up to 40 per cent. 81 Aug 08 Digital disruption in the world’s oldest profession The cover feature of this week’s Economist explores how new technology is shaking up the world’s oldest profession. The Economist Intelligence Unit has crunched data on prostitutes’ prices, services and personal characteristics gleaned from an [anonymous] international website which hosts 190,000 profiles of female sex workers operating from 84 cities in 12 countries. 82 Le app cambiano la competizione fra le pizzerie, i ristoranti e i saloni di bellezza….. © Umberto Bertelè 83 Feb. 6, 2014 Big Pizza Chains Use Web Ordering To Slice Out Bigger Market Share (1/2) Many Mom-and-Pop Shops Lack Resources to Compete Online The rise of online ordering is putting corner pizzerias in new peril. Big chains have invested in sophisticated Webbased systems that let customers order and pay for deliveries quickly without having to call. That's giving them a new edge in the battle for an everbigger slice of the industry pie over smaller chains and independent pizza shops that lack the capital or technological know-how to compete on the Web. © Umberto Bertelè 84 Feb. 6, 2014 Big Pizza Chains Use Web Ordering To Slice Out Bigger Market Share (2/2) Many Mom-and-Pop Shops Lack Resources to Compete Online Domino's Pizza Inc., Papa John's International and Yum Brands's Pizza Hut all now derive 40% or more of their sales from digital orders. For Geraci's Restaurant in University Heights, Ohio, the number is zero. Frannie Geraci says her sales have declined 20% in the past two years as chain pizza shops and other franchises have moved into the neighborhood. She estimates she could boost sales by 30% if she offered delivery and online ordering, but she says she can't afford the cost. © Umberto Bertelè 85 OCT. 24, 2013 How Mobile Technology Is Changing the Way We Dine Out Touch screens are becoming as integral to the restaurant experience as knives and forks Pick a Restaurant: Yelp; Urbanspoon; Foursquare Make a Booking: OpenTable; WaitAway; BuzzTable; NoWait Order In: GrubHub and Seamless (have a network of more than 25,000 restaurants all over the U.S., spread across more than 500 cities and 350 college campuses, with an average of 130,000 orders processed a day); Eat24 Pay Your Bill (with mobile-payment apps, you can now pay your dinner bill and calculate tip, all from your smartphone): Tabbedout; Cover; OpenTable Find a Happy Hour: DrinkOwl; Happy Hour Finder Follow Your Diet: HealthyOut (makes it easy to stick to your diet without getting stuck in your house); Find Me Gluten Free Share Your Meal: Foodspotting (is the ultimate social-media app for the foodbsessed); Tastemade © Umberto Bertelè 86 NOV. 1, 2013 Apps for Pampering on Demand iPhone and Android apps for scheduling last-minute massages, skincare treatments and salon services Massage Therapy: Zeel. After entering a few preferences - type of massage (Swedish or deep-tissue are offered), treatment length (60 or 90 minutes), male or female practitioner - the app will dispatch a massage therapist to your doorstep in as little as in hour in most cases. Skin Care: ZocDoc. Select the type of specialist you'd like to see (dermatologist, chiropractor or acupuncturist, for example), your location and your health-insurance provider. The app will present a list of insurance-approved practitioners and their next available appointment time. Salon Services: Vagaro. This app lets you book last-minute salon appointments at more than 7,000 participating establishments across the country. Prices are displayed clearly, making it possible to find the best deal on a pedicure in your area. © Umberto Bertelè 87 INDICE DISRUPTION LEGATA A FUNZIONALITA’ DISPOSITIVI • OROLOGI • MACCHINE FOTOGRAFICHE COMPATTE • NAVIGATORI PORTATILI PRODOTTI NATIVAMENTE DIGITALI O DIVENUTI TALI • GIOCHI ELETTRONICI • MUSICA E FILM: STREAMING vs DOWNLOAD • CONVERGENZA CINEMA-TV CONVIVENZA FORMATI • GIORNALI • LIBRI CRESCE LA SHARING ECONOMY • DISPONIBILITA’ vs POSSESSO • SERVIZIO vs PRODOTTO • AIRBNB, UBER, CAR SHARING .. FINTECH: LA DISRUPTION MINACCIA IL SISTEMA BANCARIO-FINANZIARIO • PAGAMENTI • TRASFERIMENTI DI VALUTA • GESTIONE RISPARMIO NON SOLO DISRUPTION • SANITA’ • FORMAZIONE: MOOCs • ... AUTO E-COMMERCE IoT-INTERNET DELLE COSE, ROBOTS, • PRODOTTI DIGITALI E NON DIGITALI TECNICHE ADDITIVE 3D • EFFETTO SHOWROOMING • DIFFICOLTA’ RETAIL TRADIZIONALE © Umberto Bertelè 88 Anche l’auto diventa connessa… © Umberto Bertelè 89 Sep 6th 2014 The future of cars Wireless wheels Connected cars will make driving safer, cleaner and more efficient. Their introduction should be speeded up © Umberto Bertelè 90 Sept. 5, 2014 GM to Offer Technology to Help Avoid Vehicleto-Vehicle Crashes Auto Maker Could Have First Wireless System Available in Some Models by 2016 General Motors plans to install vehicle-to-vehicle communications systems on some products in two years, part of a broad push by regulators and auto makers to introduce technology that can prevent collisions without human intervention. Cars that use radar sensors and cameras to detect other cars or objects and warn drivers are increasingly common. Vehicle-to-vehicle communications technology could go a step further, and warn drivers of potential collisions with cars they or their bumper-mounted cameras and radars can't see. The U.S. Department of Transportation last month said it is considering adopting a rule by 2016 requiring such vehicle-to-vehicle communications systems in the future. © Umberto Bertelè 91 September 4, 2014 German companies struggle to rise to Silicon Valley challenge (1/2) As its high-tech machinery and automobiles the foundation of German success - become increasingly mediated by software and communication technologies, the worry is that the IT deficit could become Germany’s Achilles heel. Factory automation equipment is set to become more deeply networked. Cars are already highly sophisticated mobile computers and they are becoming increasingly autonomous and connected. If German businesses do not build the so-called “internet of things”, others will. Smart car: the latest Mercedes-Benz S-Class can drive itself in slow-moving traffic, pointing to the wider impact of tech advances 92 September 4, 2014 German companies struggle to rise to Silicon Valley challenge (2/2) German companies do not need reminding of the danger posed to incumbent hardware makers by paradigm shifts in technology. Siemens was once a major player in Google is threatening to steal a march on telecommunications, for example, but the German carmaker by developing an overlooked the rise of internet-based operating system for self-driving cars telephony and was eventually obliged to exit the business altogether. Now, Google is building an operating system for self-driving cars and has made a succession of acquisitions in robotics and home energy management. Although its exact intentions remain unclear, Google’s algorithms seem set to disrupt the status quo in automobiles, automation and electrification – all areas where Germany traditionally excels. 93 March 1st 2014 Electric Cars Fully charged (1/2) Tesla’s electric car is a resounding success. The Model S last year outsold its nearest luxury rival, Mercedes’s petrol-engined S-class, by 30% in America. As a battery-maker Tesla is also moving fast. This week it announced plans to build a “gigafactory” in America to make lithium-ion power-packs, that it hopes will propel its vehicles to the mainstream. © Umberto Bertelè 94 March 1st 2014 Electric Cars Fully charged (2/2) Launched a decade ago by Elon Musk, a founder of PayPal and serial tech entrepreneur, last year it sold around 22,000 cars and by the end of 2014 hopes to be making 1,000 a week. Tesla’s impressive growth has not yet translated into significant profits. Nevertheless, Tesla’s shares surged on February 25th, to value the company at over $30 billion (GM is worth only twice as much). Morgan Stanley reckons that the battery factory will also make it a leading competitor in low-cost energy storage, the key to making renewable energy more practical. The bank is also confident that Tesla’s Silicon Valley location will put it in the driverless front seat of autonomous 95 motoring. © Umberto Bertelè JUN. 24, 2014 Michigan Is Building A Fake City Just To Test Driverless Cars Testing automated vehicles is a risky process, which is why Michigan’s Department of Transportation and the University of Michigan have joined forces to create a 30-acre urban environment that will be used specifically for testing driverless cars. It will occupy 30 acres at Michigan University’s North Campus Research Complex, where the Mobility Transformation Facility (MTF) will simulate the broad range of complexities vehicles encounter in urban and suburban environments. This will include approximately three lane-miles of roads, complete with intersections, traffic signs and signals, sidewalks, benches, simulated buildings, street lights, and obstacles such as construction barriers. © Umberto Bertelè 96 INDICE DISRUPTION LEGATA A FUNZIONALITA’ DISPOSITIVI • OROLOGI • MACCHINE FOTOGRAFICHE COMPATTE • NAVIGATORI PORTATILI PRODOTTI NATIVAMENTE DIGITALI O DIVENUTI TALI • GIOCHI ELETTRONICI • MUSICA E FILM: STREAMING vs DOWNLOAD • CONVERGENZA CINEMA-TV CONVIVENZA FORMATI • GIORNALI • LIBRI CRESCE LA SHARING ECONOMY • DISPONIBILITA’ vs POSSESSO • SERVIZIO vs PRODOTTO • AIRBNB, UBER, CAR SHARING .. FINTECH: LA DISRUPTION MINACCIA IL SISTEMA BANCARIO-FINANZIARIO • PAGAMENTI • TRASFERIMENTI DI VALUTA • GESTIONE RISPARMIO NON SOLO DISRUPTION • SANITA’ • FORMAZIONE: MOOCs • ... AUTO E-COMMERCE IoT-INTERNET DELLE COSE, ROBOTS, • PRODOTTI DIGITALI E NON DIGITALI TECNICHE ADDITIVE 3D • EFFETTO SHOWROOMING • DIFFICOLTA’ RETAIL TRADIZIONALE © Umberto Bertelè 97 La nuova frontiera dell’Internet of things 98 Internet of Everything(s) The Internet of Everything builds on the foundation of the Internet of Things by adding network intelligence and security that allows convergence, orchestration, and visibility across previously disparate systems 99 FT - June 6, 2014 Robots: rise of the machines As you invest in the future, you are betting on your own demise Neelie Kroes, vice-president of the European Commission, warned robot makers they would have to address public fears that their creations would terminate millions of jobs. One study estimates that 47 per cent of US jobs are at risk from smarter, harder-working robots. Last year the number of industrial robots sold globally hit a record high at 179,000, up from just over 80,000 a decade ago. Some 95,000 professional service robots, valued at about $17.1bn, are expected to be installed between 2013 and 2015, and the global market for automated labour is forecast to hit close to $82bn by 2020. China, trying to cope with rising labour costs and rapidly growing demand, is installing robots at a record pace. © Umberto Bertelè 100 FT - June 24, 2014 3D printing: a powerful technology, but no panacea Corporate leaders are continually warned that additive manufacturing (more commonly known as 3D printing) will cataclysmically disrupt virtually all businesses on the planet. Futuristic visions encompass everything from custom 3D-printed cars to human organs available on demand for transplants. The reality, however, is rather different. Companies are using additive manufacturing (AM) today to complement established methods such as injection moulding and casting. And AM is not likely to replace these methods in the near future for several reasons. © Umberto Bertelè 101 January 2014 3D printing (1/2) The economics of 3-D printing are improving rapidly. While still only a sliver of value in the manufacturing sector (0.02 percent), sales of 3D printers are set to double, to $4 billion, by 2015, and prices for the equipment are declining swiftly. Also, 3-D printers open up the possibility of more distributed production networks and radical customization. In early manufacturing applications, some companies are using the devices to accelerate product development, since they eliminate wait times for prototyping by faraway specialists. © Umberto Bertelè 102 January 2014 3D printing (2/2) Companies will be able to consider new supply-chain models and, in some cases, replace traditional suppliers of parts with targeted usage of in-house printers. These printers won’t replace traditional high-volume modes of production, such as die casting and stamping. For more specialized goods, though, it’s easy to imagine the emergence of service businesses - the equivalent of copy or print shops - that would manufacture items based on design specifications provided by B2B or B2C customers. Crowdsourcing networks for newproduct ideas could one day complement traditional R&D activities for some manufacturers. © Umberto Bertelè 103 Vi è però una parte dell’ICT che non festeggia © Umberto Bertelè 104 FT - March 6, 2014 Spare a thought for Silicon Valley’s rust belt(1/2) More cost-cutting to come at suppliers of corporate technology Shrinking revenues. Stagnant share prices in the midst of a stock market boom. Doubts that some will ever see significant growth again. While younger companies riding the social media, cloud and mobile waves are all the rage on Wall Street, large parts of the tech industry are in a funk. Companies missing out on the stock market party include some of the biggest suppliers of corporate technology, including IBM, Cisco, Hewlett-Packard and Oracle. Microsoft and Intel have also been left behind by the rise of mobile. © Umberto Bertelè 105 FT - March 6, 2014 Spare a thought for Silicon Valley’s rust belt(2/2) More cost-cutting to come at suppliers of corporate technology In the four years to 2010, their combined revenues grew 30 per cent despite a blow to demand from the 2008 financial crisis. The following four years, by contrast, are expected to show growth of only 9 per cent. Most have at least managed to maintain a good earnings record, thanks to cost-cutting and share buybacks. As the Financial Times reported last year, some creative accounting to hide supposedly “one off” costs has also helped to lift profits. © Umberto Bertelè 106 JAN 14, 2014 The effect of today’s technology on tomorrow’s jobs will be immense - and no country is ready for it (1/4) Innovation has always cost people their jobs .. For those who believe that technological progress has made the world better, such churn is a natural part of rising prosperity. Although innovation kills some jobs, it creates new and better ones .. but for workers the dislocating effects of technology may make themselves evident faster than its benefits. Even if new jobs and wonderful products emerge, in the short term income gaps will widen, causing huge social dislocation and perhaps even changing politics .. 107 JAN 14, 2014 The effect of today’s technology on tomorrow’s jobs will be immense - and no country is ready for it (2/4) Over the past three decades, labour’s share of output has shrunk globally from 64% to 59%. Meanwhile, the share of income going to the top 1% in America has risen from around 9% in the 1970s to 22% today .. Worse, it seems likely that this wave of technological disruption to the job market has only just started .. The public sector is one obvious target: it has proved singularly resistant to tech-driven reinvention. But the step change in what computers can do will have a powerful effect on middle-class jobs in the private sector too .. 108 JAN 14, 2014 The effect of today’s technology on tomorrow’s jobs will be immense - and no country is ready for it (3/4) The digital revolution is transforming the process of innovation itself ... The number of digital startups has exploded .. It takes years for new industries to grow, whereas the disruption a startup causes to incumbents is felt sooner. Airbnb may turn homeowners with spare rooms into entrepreneurs, but it poses a direct threat to the lower end of the hotel business - a massive employer .. If this analysis is halfway correct, the social effects will be huge .. Innovation has brought great benefits to humanity…. 109 JAN 14, 2014 The effect of today’s technology on tomorrow’s jobs will be immense - and no country is ready for it (4/4) But the benefits of technological progress are unevenly distributed, especially in the early stages of each new wave, and it is up to governments to spread them. In the 19th century it took the threat of revolution to bring about progressive reforms. Today’s governments would do well to start making the changes needed before their people get angry. 110 © Umberto Bertelè 111 JAN 23, 2014 Davos 2014: Google's Schmidt warning on jobs Google chairman, Eric Schmidt, has warned the jobs problem will be "the defining one" for the next two-three decades .. He said given the constant development of new technology, more and more middle class workers would lose their jobs .. Mr Schmidt compared the situation to the industrial revolution .. He pointed out that .. more jobs were created by small companies and therefore entrepreneurs needed more support. 112 LE OPPORTUNITÀ PER IL “SISTEMA ITALIA” © Umberto Bertelè 113 © Umberto Bertelè 114