BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS FOR SUSTAINABLE

Transcript

Centro Regionale di Sperimentazione ed Assistenza Agricola (CeRSAA)
Camera di Commercio, Industria, Artigianato e Agricoltura di Savona
BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS
FOR
SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
AND TOURISM
Life Environment “Biomass”
LIFE 04 ENV/IT/463
1
Camera di Commercio, Industria, Artigianato e Agricoltura di Savona
AGRICULTURE
2
Project objective
During the last years there was an increasing interest for
sustainable agriculture and growers required more and more
equipment to work in this field.
Particularly, it is necessary to reduce the agricultural use of
plastics, introducing biodegradable / compostable products:
- mulching films for weed control
- pots for flowers cultivation
3
Presents needs are mainly:
- mulching films
- pots for nurseries and potted plants
- clips and binding cables
- cables for plant support (tomato, cucumber, …)
4
The biodegradable / compostable products can be
obtained leaving from following compounds:
- cellulose
- polylactic acid (PLA)
- starch
The starch based products are the most promising
for agricultural tools
5
The thermoplastic starch
It is possible to obtain polymers from plant starch:
- choice of starch
- amylose and amylopectine ratio
- production process
- final polymer structure
In this project is used the Mater-Bi:
- good qualities for agriculture uses,
- biodegradable or compostable following present UE rules
- certified for agricultural uses
6
Thermoplastic starch
from Zea mais
7
extraction
8
high temperature and high
pressure treatment
9
final product
10
Project results
and perspectives
11
Activity areas
12
POTS
13
POTS FOR FLORICULTURE
To substitute PP pots in the case of:
- young plants production
- potted ornamental plants
- nursery vegetable plants
14
POTS – Evaluation activities
Cyclamen
Lavender
Sage
Rosemary
Daisy
Other summer flowers
15
POTS – Structural evaluations
Resistance to deformation (from new pot)
(preassure test position A-A)
Preassure A-A (Kg)
I cycle
2,5
II cycle
2
1,5
A
1
0,5
A
0
pot new
4 monts
8 monts
14 cm BD
12 monts
16 monts
14 cm PP
16
Resistance to deformation (from new pot)
(preassure test position B-B)
Preassure B-B (Kg)
II cycle
I cycle
2,5
2
1,5
B
1
0,5
0
new pot
4 monts
8 monts
14 cm BD
12 monts
16 mesi
14 cm PP
B
17
Resistance to crushing (from new pot)
(preassure test position C)
Preassure C (Kg)
27,5
I cycle
II cycle
27
26,5
C
26
25,5
25
24,5
24
new pot
4 monts
8 monts
12 mmonts
16 monts
18
POTS
19
POTS
20
POTS
21
POTS
Degradation during comnposting
22
POTS
23
POTS
24
POTS
Development perspectives
Pots manufactured during research period: 40.000 (1998-2004)
Entreprises involved in the demonstrative project trials: 20
Production foreseen years 2005/07 in Liguria: 400.000
(0,5% of total potted plants grown in Liguria)
25
POTS
Costs
Cost of pots during research period: € 0,50 - 1,00 (ø 14 cm)
Expected cost at the end of Biomass project: € 0,20 – 0,30 (ø 14 cm)
Final objective for the market: € 0,15 (ø 14 cm)
(the same cost of polypropilene pots ø 14 cm)
26
MULCHING
FILMS
27
FILM – Field trials
Lettuce
(Lactuca sativa L.)
Tomato
(Licopersicum esculentum L.)
Bruxelles sprouts
(Brassica oleracea v. gemmifera D.C.)
Artichoke
(Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus L.)
Sweet basil
(Ocymum basilicum L.)
28
FILM – Field trials
Grapevine
(Vitis vinifera L.)
Tree of Christmas
(diverse specie)
Cutted Sage
(Salvia spp.)
Garlic
(Allium sativum)
Courgette
(Cucurbita sp.)
29
FILM
- Good effect in open field and under greenhouse
- best results for 4-8 months of plant production cycles
- easy and complete mechanization of field layout
- transparent films for winter forcing (semitransparent)
- colored films for weeds control
30
FILM - Development perspectives
- development of medium life films (12-24 months)
- development of long life films (>24 months)
- films for special applications (strawberry, forest plants, …)
31
FILM – plant growing speed and film degradation
32
CONCLUSIONS
33
Biodegradable films are a real and available alternative to:
- plastic films (PE)
- erbicide spraying
- chemical soil sterilizers
34
Biodegradable / compostable pots are a very promizing innovation.
In the next years their introduction will reduce the “pollution
transfer” and will contribute to the final product quality
35
At the end of the first year, we disseminated the project involving
regional government, professional operators and consumers, with
following important results:
- 26,395 m2 of soil mulched with biodegradable films
- 30,950 compostable pots for ornamental plant production.
- 60 firms involved in the agricultural sector
- 150 monthly contacts in our project web site.
We expect to double, during the second year, these numbers,
particularly implementing the number of pots for floriculture,
welcome by growers and plant exporters.
36
The Biomass project will individuate
the best industrial process
to produce films
and flower pots,
reducing production costs and increasing
product portfolio.
37

BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS FOR SUSTAINABLE

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