Italian RoadMap for PV Technology

Transcript

Italian RoadMap for PV Technology
F. Roca,
ENEA, Portici (NA), Italy
International Exhibition & Conference for the Photovoltaic Industry in theMediterranean area
4th edition.- Rome Fair Centre, 8 - 10 September 2010
Solar Energy
One of priorities in next decades will be to substain the
development by means of energy sources compatible with the
environmental concerns
Solar energy is a realistic and promising option
By covering only 0,1% of earth’s land with solar collector eff.>20%
it is possible to meet the current yearly mondial energy needs
(amounting to 1,2 x 10^14 kWh)
Solar energy has many advantages: free of charge, distributed,
unlimited, ecologically benign
The drawbacks of solar energy are: its low power density
(<1kW/m^2) intermittent and aleatory (night/day and clear-sky
conditions) and unequally distributed (mostly by the equator- sunbelt
PV cost –vs- utility power
Source: Grid parity – definitions and scenarios“ B2B Workshop “Grid Parity – two words, many different
meanings” Valencia - September 2, 2008 Winfried Hoffmann, Vice President EPIA
PV electricity cost–vs- consumer price
2010
Source: PV priorities and the Strategic Research Agenda (SRA) WG3: Science, Technology & Applications
Wim Sinke.- PVTP General Assembly Brussels, 19 May 2006
2010
2015
2010
2015
2020
2015
2010
2020
> 2030
Electricity cost–vs- grid distance
1,4
Electricity cost ($/kWh)
1,2
PV 10 $/W
1,0
0,8
0,6
PV 5 $/W
0,4
PV 2 $/W
0,2
0
0,3
3
5
10
20
50
100
300
Daily load (kWh/day)
ENEA Source
PV Electricity & social development
PV provides today 0.1% of total
global electricity generation. On
or before 2030 PV can supply
>10% of electrical power. Having
in mind the share in population
it could be > 60-70% of world
population
How?::
How?
European PV Road Map:
Map:
The European Union’s Strategic Energy
Technology (SET) Plan
Solar Europe Industry Initiative
The European PV Technology Platform’s
Implementation Plan for Strategic Research
Agenda
10
How?::
How?
Worldwide PV Road Map:
Map:
IEA PV Road Map
The Solar America Initiative (SAI)
Japan’s PV roadmap towards 2030 (PV2030)
and the 2009 update PV2030+
China’s solar energy development plans
India’s Solar Initiative
Australia’s Solar Flagship Initiative
11
PV R&D Roadmap : Common topics
Increase R&D efforts to reduce costs
Ensure PV readiness for rapid deployment,
Supporting implementation for existing
techology (short term) and Innovations (long
term option)
Expand international R&D collaboration
Making best use of national/international
competencies.
12
The Engine for PV R& D Activities
Tecnology – vs
vs-- market cycle
PV R&D Progress in Japan
NEDO PV2030 Roadmap
NEDO PV2030+ Roadmap
EERE, Solar America Initiative
USA Departmen of Energy .- Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
Ten PV technology roadmaps were developed in 2007 by NREL, Sandia National
Laboratories, DOE, and experts from universities and private industry [SAI 2007]
EU PV Technology Platform
PV Platform collects, develops, maintains and communicates highquality, up-to-date information and insights
It publishes reference documents such as the Strategic Agendas
and Implementation Plans.
It communicates intensively with European Institutions, EU
Member State governments and other relevant stakeholders
It establishes working contacts and cooperation with other
Technology Platforms, international organizations, interest groups
and networks .
It recognises the paramount importance and potential impact of
the 2009 EU Renewable Energies Directive and the Strategic
Energy Technology Plan (SET Plan)
It works together with the European Photovoltaic Industry
Association on the 2020 agenda
EERA PV:
A Joint Programme on Photovoltaic Solar Energy
ENEA is a member of EERA
Ten leading European Research Institutes have taken up the challenge to found an
European Energy Research Alliance (EERA). The key objective of the EERA is to accelerate
the development of new energy technologies by conceiving and implementing Joint
Research Programmes in support of the Strategic Energy Technology (SET) plan by pooling
and integrating activities and resources, combining national and Community sources of
funding and maximising complementarities and synergies
EERA PV:
Indicative PV RoadMap
Public PV R&D spending in selected countries:
countries:
Italy PV R&D
∼5MEUR 2009
Source IEA-PVPS www.iea-pvps.org
PV R&D funding requirements
R&D funds: distribution by tech
with shortshort-, mediummedium- and longlong-term impact
Evolution of investement cost in R&D :
World
26
Evolution of investement cost in R&D :
27
Italy: Market and PV R&D?
PV Market in Italy:
Cumulated power (MW)
2500
2000
Conto Energia
II phase
1500
Conto Energia
I phase
1000
Rooftop
Programme
500
off grid
applications
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
exp.
Source: STATUS AND PERSPECTIVES OF PV IN ITALY
Proc. 25th EPVSEC
A.De Lillo, S.Castello, F.De Lia, S.Guastella, F.Paletta
PV business in Italy during the years
3000
2500
installed plants
2000
Value (M€)
1500
export of PV
products
1000
500
import of PV
products
0
-500
2006 2007 2008 2009
-1000
-1500
-2000
Proc. 25th EPVSEC
net value of PV
business
PV Cells and module manufactures
manufacture
Solon
Helios T.
Solarday
Enipower
Xgroup
Sorgenia
renergies
Elettrosun
Azimut
DG energy
Ancora
Brandoni S.
Solsonica
Omniasolar
Eo Solare
Sunerg S.
AV Project
TOTAL
Total Production Production capacity
cells
module
cells
module
34
110
40
0.00
60
55
40
60
1
14
10
14
9
23
25
90
7
10
10
30
n.a.
3
2
5
6
10
2
8
20
n.a.
n.a.
30
60
1
10
3
6
2
5
2
10
51
163
135
490
During 2009, the module
production of such
companies sums to about
163 MW with a capacity
nearly 500 MWp.
About 15,5 % of the
modules installed in 2009
(722 MW) have been
produced in Italy (112
MW). The other 51 MW
have been exported while
have been imported
about 610 MW.
Proc. 25th EPVSEC
BOS manufactures
Elettronica Santerno
Power One Italy,
Siac/Siel
Italcoel,
Aros
Answer Drivers.
During 2009, these companies have produced about 880 MW of inverter while their
production capacity is around 1290 MW. About 48 % of the inverters installed in
2009 (722 MW) have been produced in Italy
Proc. 25th EPVSEC
Main Italian
Organization involved on PV R&D:
R&D:
ISMAC
Questionnarie
R&D on PV Innovative material in Italy
Feedback
from the following organizations
Public Research Organization
-ENEA
- CNR-MATIS
- CNR-IMM
- CNR-INOA & LENS
- CNR-IMIP
- CNR- ISMAC
- CNR-ISOF
University
-
Uni Trento Nanoscience LAb
- Uni Catania
Uni MI Bicocca
- Uni Genova
Uni Lecce
- Uni Napoli
Uni Ferrara
- Uni Salerno
Uni Parma
Private Research organization and companies
- ENI-DONEGANI
- CESI
- ENEL
- SOLARLAB
- Siena Solar Nanotechnologies
R&D in Italy on Existing Technologies
Organization
Existing Technologies
ENEA
high efficiency and low cost crystalline silicon based solar cells; Low
temperature and laser assisted processes; amorphous/crystalline silicon
heterojunctions, Development and optimization of micromorph solar cells
including application of intermediate reflectors and optimized light
trapping, Low cost transparent conductive oxides , Characterization of
material and devices , low cost Interconnection and packaging solutions
both for rigid and flexible modules
Solar cells characterization; PV manufacturing companies consultancy
CdTe/CdS; CuGaInSe2/CdS. Technology trasfer
Production of II-VI thin films for the photovoltaic by direct ablation by
ultra-short high energy electron pulses
High efficiency and low cost crystalline silicon based solar cells
cSi Solar cells, multicrystalline and solar grade Si
Thin film Silicon and micromorph Solar cells
UNI-PR; UNI-VR
Siena Solar Nanotech
S.p.A
Uni-FE
Uni-MI-Bicocca
Uni-CT
Uni-RM1
CNR-IMIP-BA
CNR-IMM-BO
Amorphous/crystalline heterojunctions Solar Cells
The author would like to stress that the information in this table was compiled with the aim to be as complete as possible, but he would like
to apologise for the possible inaccuracies and welcome every amendment.
R&D in Italy on Inorganic Advanced Concepts
Organization
NanoscienceLab., University
of Trento
INOA-CNR &
LENS-FI
MATIS IMM-CNR-CT
IMEM-CNR-PR
IMIP-CNR-BA
ENEA
IMM-CNR
UNI-NA
IMM-CNR -BO
Uni-Camerino
Solar lab Srl
Uni-Ge
Inorganic Advanced Concepts
Solar cells integrating Si nanocrystals and plasmonic layer, Sub-bandgap light absorption,
Photoluminescence down-shifting effect; Secondary emission in a cell, understanding of
the photoresponse properties and simulation of light absorption (prof. L.Pavesi)
Disruptive technologies for photovoltaics based on highly absorbing disordered structures
for PV, Light trapping in nanostructures, Artificial photosynthesis Synthesis of new hybrid
materials, thin film nanophotonic structures for solar cells (Dr. D. Wiersma)
Light absorption in nanostructured Si and Ge (Quantum Dots, Nanowires, thin films);
Electrical transport in nanostructured and amorphous Si; Plasmonic effects on metallic
nanostructured or thin films (prof. F.Priolo)
Quantum wells and quantum dots for solar photovoltaics, Improvement in manufacturing
Solar CIGS solar(Dr. M. Mazzer)
Plasmonic Photovoltaics; Nanostructured silicon PV; Growth of Silicon nanowires through
VLS gallium-catalyzed mechanism and Nanowires growth of III-V and II-VI semiconductors;
Optical monitoring and material processing (Dr.G.Bruno)
All Si-QD Solar Cells, , CuO2 and Cu2(Zn,Fe)SnS4 based solar cells
III-V and II-VI Nanowire-based photovoltaics by MOVPE; III-V nanowires on Si; (Prof. N.
Lovergine)
Silicon-carbon alloy films (nc-Si 1-X CX) , silicon nanocrystallites embedded in in SiC
dielectric matrix (Prof. A.Ambrosone, U.Coscia, Dr. C.Summonte)
Si QD nucleation via solid phase separation in SiO2 and Silicon Oxynitride matrices (Prof.
Roberto Murri)
Metal nanowire arrays with plasmonic functionality (prof. Buatier de Mongeot)
R&D in Italy on PV Concentration
Organization
ENEA
PV Concentration
High efficiency PV-C cSi Solar cells, concentration optics, PV-C modules,
trackers, Indoor-Outdoor Characterization of components and PV-C
Systems.- Technical Norms
CESI S.p.A.
Multijunction solar cells based on III-V compounds (dr. R.Campesato)
RSE SpA
Multijunction solar cells based on III-V compounds Indoor-Outdoor
Characterization of components and PV-C Systems.- Technical Norms (dr.
G.Timò),
Uni-FE
Concentration optics, Dichroic Application (light splitting), Indoor-Outdoor
Characterization of components and PV-C Systems
ENEL SpA
Indoor-Outdoor Characterization of components and PV-C Systems (Dr.
F.Aleo)
Pirelli Labs , Angelantoni, PV-Concentration Modules and Systems,
Beghelli , C-Power, Optoi
R&D in Italy on Organic and DSSC Solar Cells
Organization
CHOSE – Univ. Rome “Tor
Vergata”
Univ Milano-Bicocca
ENI SpA.- Donegani
Organic and DSSC Solar Cells
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells & Modules and panels (prof. A. Di Carlo)
ISOF-CNR-Bo
Uni-FE
DSC, polymer & small-molecule bulk heterojunction cells (prof. A.Abbotto)
Organic Solar Cells (Dr.R.Po) Photo-electrochemical Water Splitting by DSSC
(D.LMeda)
Dye sensitised solar cells (DSSC); Hybrid solar cells based on Colloidal inorganic
Nanocrystals; Organic/hybrid solar cells exploiting plasmonic effects (prof.
G.Gigli)
Theoretical and Experimental Modeling of Molecular and Nanostructured
Systems Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Precursors and Functional
Molecules (Dr. F. De Angelis)
All-organic and hybrid active layer Solar Cells, device assembly and photovoltaic
characterisation (Dr.S.Luzzati)
Organic bulk-heterojunction solar cells (Dr. N.Camaione)
Realization and Characterization of DSSC
ENEA
Organic & DSSC Solar Cells. Organic TCO, Carbon Nanotubes graphene
Uni-SA
Organic nanocomposite heteroemitters on c-Si solar cells (prof. H.C. Neitzert )
NLL-ITT-LE
ISTM-CNR
ISMAC-CNR-Mi
R&D in Italy on BOS & PV Systems
Organization
ENEA
Poli-MI, UniRM2
BOS & PV systems
module's quality evaluation , reliability and life time estimation, BOS,
DC-DC converter, DMPPT, Tracking systems Build Integrated PV,
Distributed energy generation & management, Indoor-Outdoor
Characterization of components and PV-C Systems Technical Norms.
Indoor-Outdoor Characterization of components and PV-C Systems.Build Integrated PV, Distributed energy generation & management ,
Technical Norms
BIPV, Outdoor Characterization of components and PV-C Systems
Uni-NA
Modelling and characterization of cSi Solar cells
RSE SpA
UNi-TO, Uni-PA Uni-SA,
CCR IES Ispra
BOS, DC-DC converter, DMPPT,
PV modules certification, Indoor-Outdoor Characterization of
components and PV-C Systems Technical Norms.
Sensor and Semiconductor
Laboratory
University of Ferrara
Founder
Prof. Giuliano Martinelli.died 2010
III-V SJ/DJ
cSi SJ
Two Faceted Shells stacked each on the other are
designed to generate two spatially separated
chromatic illuminated areas
ENEA PV Activities on materials and devices
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
42
Crystalline and multi silicon solar cells
Thin film material (µc-silicon)
Amorphous silicon Heterojunction
Trasparent conductive Oxide
Organic TCO
Antireflective and selective optical coating
New approaches (QD, OPV)
Concentrator silicon solar cells
ENEA PV Activities on PV Systems and PVPV-C
PV-C
• PV-C lens and modules
• Trackers, drivers
• Indoor-Outdoor chracterization tools &
experimental facilities
PV- Systems:
• Build Integrated PV
• DC-DC converter
• DMPPT
• Tracking systems
• Hybrid systems
• Hydrogen production by FV
• Distributed energy generation & management
43
PV TechnologyTechnology-platforms & R&D projects in Italy
Il Progetto APOLLON (7FP)
Multi-APprOach for high efficiency integrated and
inteLLigent cONcentrating PV modules (Systems)
•
•
•
Contributo EC: 8.3 Meuro (costo totale 11.8 Meuro); Durata: 60 mesi dal
1.07.2008
Coordinatore: CESI RICERCA (RSE)
Partecipanti: 16 partners con End-User and diverse SME
Il Progetto FOTOENERGIA (FIRB-MUR)
(Idee progettuali a supporto del PNR bando 2005)
•
•
•
Contributo MUR: ~880 k€ (costo totale ~1.100 k€ ; Durata: 36 mesi dal
18.07.2007
Coordinatore: ENEA Portici
Partecipanti: 6 partners (ENEA; CESI R. Uni-PR; Uni-FE, Uni-NA; Uni-BO)
Progetto Scoop
Source: http://www.industria2015.ipi.it/?id=76
Bando Efficienza Energetica
Scoop
Capofila Enel Produzione S.p.A
Investimento € 17.052.313
Contributo € 7.301.940
Breve descrizione del progetto:
Italian Solar COncentration technolOgiesfor Photovoltaic system.
Il progetto mira ad integrare quattro filiere produttive per lo sviluppo tecnologico, la
realizzazione industriale e la commercializzazione di sistemi fotovoltaici a
concentrazione per applicazioni in ambito di generazione elettrica distribuita,
generazione elettrica di grande potenza, cogenerazione di energia elettrica e calore
integrata nell’edilizia e cogenerazione di energia elettrica e calore per piccole e medie
attività commerciali. Inoltre, si propone la creazione di un centro italiano di
qualificazione e certificazione di sistemi fotovoltaici a concentrazione.
Partners: imprese
Angelantoni SpA; Idea Srl, CESI, Savio SpA, STMicrolectronics Srl, SGS Future Srl, Calzavara SpA,
Riello SpA, Saret Srl, Enel Produzione SpA, Alitec & C
Partners: Centri di Ricerca
Centro Ricerche Past-Ottica SpA, Concorzio catania Ricerche, RSE, Enea, CNR-INOA, Uni-FI
Progetto Scoop
Costo agevolabile totale
~ 15.0 M€
Contributo complessivo concedibile ~ 7.3
M€
Progetto PED4PV
PED4PV
Capofila CTG
PED4PV (PULSED ELECTRON DEPOSITION FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC).
Il progetto intende sviluppare un nuovo processo per la produzione di
celle fotovoltaiche a film sottile efficiente, a basso impatto ambientale.
Il nuovo processo, chiamato “Pulsed Electron Deposition”, è basato su
una tecnologia relativamente nuova, molto efficiente ma ancora in
parte inesplorata.
Partners: imprese
Rial Vacuum, CTG. Xgroup Solar Industries, marazzi Group, Salentec
CNR (Emilia R., Puglia, Trentino)
Progetto Flexsolar
Flexsolar
Capofila Organic Spintronics
Celle fotovoltaiche flessibili a film sottile su substrati metallici a base di
materiali semiconduttori a basso costo e a basso impatto ambientale
Partners: imprese
Advanced Technology Solution, Organic Spintronics, KME Italy, Siena Solar NanoTEchnology. NIWT
Tecnion, Israele, Istituto per lo studio dei materiali Nanostrutturati CNR-ISMN-BO; Istituto per la
Microelettronica ed i microsistemi CNR-IMM-BO
Progetto Sistemi fotovoltaici
Progetto Sistemi fotovoltaici
Capofila Beghelli S.p.A
Sistemi fotovoltaici ad alta concentrazione ed elevata efficienza.
Il progetto propone la realizzazione di un sistema fotovoltaico ad alta concentrazione, integrato di
elementi per la regolazione, il monitoraggio, la diagnostica e la comunicazione wireless dei singoli
componenti, dotato di inseguitori solari, diagnostica evoluta e gestione dell’energia per
l’immissione dell’elettricità nella rete pubblica. Si prevede l’utilizzo di celle multigiunzione di tipo
III-V ad effetto quantico, lo sviluppo di sistemi ottici e di algoritmi per l’ottimizzazione energetica e
la messa a punto di un protocollo di trasmissione per l’interconnessione di tutti i componenti.
Partners: imprese
BECAR srl, Beghelli SpA, Smart Res SpA, Di.Co Service srl, Hybridec Int. Rsl, QuantaSol Ltd, QTech srl
Univ. Mediterranea reggio Calabria Dip. Inf., Mat. Elett. E Trasp.(DIMET) , Univ. Clabria Dip. Elett.
Inf. e Sist (DEIS)
Progetto BIPV
BIPV
Capofila Panaria Group Industrie Ceramiche S.p.A
Investimento 11.667.652 €
Contributo 5.119.059 €
Il progetto prevede lo sviluppo e messa a punto di piastrelle ceramiche nelle quali sono integrate
celle fotovoltaiche di due differenti tipi, per edifici con involucri evoluti.
Partners: imprese
Panaria Group, Solar System&Equipment srl, Elettrorava SpA, Elettroncia Santerno, Evolvente srl,
Pemco Euroinks srl, Sacmi Cooperativa Mecc. Imnola, Cefla Soc. Coop., Dallera srl
Centro Ceramico Bolgona, Ist. Coop. Per l’Innov. ICIE, IRcCOS S.c.a.r.l., CNR-Istituto per le Tecn.
Della Costruzione-ITC
PV R&D funding
R&D Road map in Italy :
PNR - Programma Nazionale di Ricerca
(National Research Programme)
In order to support basic research by favoring multidisciplinary
Develop human capital for science, particularly in research projects
of excellence
Promote national/international collaboration
Increase collaboration between public research network and
companies
Increase the technological potential of the production network by
also promoting spin-offs and Start-up of new high technology
companies
Main Italian Public
R&D funding schemes:
schemes:
Most of the government funding for R&D is under the responsibility of MIUR Ministry of
University and Research and MSE Ministry of Economical Development
FIRB-
Fondo Integrativo Ricerca di Base
(Basic research Funds )
PRIN - Progetti di ricerca industriali di interesse nazionale
(Industrial research on topics of national relevance)
FARFondo Agevolativo Ricerca
(Public instrument to fund firms' research activities)
FISR- Fondo Integrativo Speciale per la Ricerca
(Specific research projects on thematic areas, according to
the indications of PNR )
PON
Programma Operativo Nazionale Ricerca e Competività
(Specific research projects with the aim of increasing
national competitiveness )
CERSE Fondi Ministero Sviluppo Economico assigned by way of
CERSE (Comitato degli Esperti per la Ricerca sul sistema
Elettrico)
Conclusion:
Fragmentation of R&D
Few groups are focussed on implementation of existing
Technology (short term R&D)
Excellent quality in research of several groups but mainly
on materials and less on devices
Better effectiveness will come from national road map
(provision should be assured in PNR), as well Initiatives
like Industria 2015 and international collaboration
(mainly EERA)
Thanks for your attention
Francesco Roca
ENEA UTTP Portici
Tel:081-7723270
Fax:081-7723344
E-mail:
[email protected]
Enea Portici Technological Unit
European and International Project Coordination
Località Granatello,
Granatello, 80055 Portici, Naples Itally
www.portici.enea.it

Italian RoadMap for PV Technology

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