AI for Smart Cities

AI for Smart Cities
XIII Conference of the Italian Association for
Artificial Intelligence
Turin (Italy), December 4-6, 2013
Enel Engineering and Research
Sandra Scalari
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Enel is a global integrated energy player
1999
Upstream Gas
Generation
Distribution
Sales
Presence in
40 countries
Installed capacity
98,7 GW
Annual production
295,7 TWh
Gas and electricity network
1.9 million km
EBITDA
16.7 Bln €
Customers
60,4 million
Employees
73,537
Capex 2013-17
27,2 Bln €
At 30th June 2013
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Engineering and Research Division
Engineering &
Research
Livio Vido
Health, safety,
environment and
quality
Proposal, contracts
and development
Antonio Dentini
Augusto
Patacchiola
Staff
Planning and Control
Human Resources
Bruno Giancaterino
Enrico Sorrentino
EPC
Line
Roberto Tomasi
R&D
Sauro Pasini
Nuclear
Livio Vido a.i.
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Enel Research Demo Activities
Renewables, renewable integration, smart electricity use
Under
construction
In service
Distribution Management
System (DMS) Trial
Livorno
Smart Energy District
& Smart buildings
Storage Test Facility
TOB prototype
Renewables
Forecast Brindisi
Biomass & Geo Pilots
PV testing facility
Catania
Canary islands
Storage integration
Ventotene
Storage-Diesel hybrid
CSP Plant Priolo
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Enel’s technology map
Merchant
Generation &
Upstream gas
Renewables
Network
Downstream
Storage and RES integration
Power Plant
Flexibility
Distributed Energy & Microgrids
Big Data, Cloud Management & Business Intelligence
On-shore Wind1
Power Plant
Efficiency
Solar PV
Smart Grid &
Cities
EE in mass
market
Nuclear
Hydropower
Digital Power
Conversion
EE in Industry
Pollution & waste
control
Geothermal
Unconventional
hydrocarbons
Marine Energy
EV Infrastructures & Services
Diagnostic & Advanced Automation
Biomass, RDF & waste
CCS
1
Focus on forecast and O&M
CSP
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The questions
•  Which are the challenges related to Smart City in your company?
•  How are we affording these challenges? Open points?
•  How the Smart City Paradigm can contribute to the economic re-launch to
come out from current crisis?
•  Principal technological and cultural barriers to the deployment of smart cities?
•  How Internet of things, semantic web, open data can contribute to smart
cities?
•  How is possible to put people in the loop to create true cyber physical systems?
•  What interaction among the different technologies we are using, the possible
AI ones, augmented reality, virtual reality, 3D print? What else?
•  Privacy, AI and smart cities: can they coexist?
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Challenges
Society is changing, together with Energy System
• 
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50% REN share, 40% penetration of electric vector,
70% of population in cities , 75% of global energy demand
Urban areas are vulnerable environments.
A common framework on EE and consumer involvement at European level
•  Energy networks will connect a wide variety of distributed energy sources.
•  Utilities: higher levels of flexibility, quality and security of supply.
•  Synergies among different sectors: electricity provision, heating and cooling.
Cities are high potential locations: they will be the open-air laboratory
of a new approach to energy production and consumption
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Challenges
The SmartGrid:
ü new technologies for a new way of producing and consuming energy;
ü an enabler for a sustainable energy development;
From Smart Grid to Smart Cities: smart solutions implemented in a urban
context for a sustainable development.
The Utility Role is changing: from a natural monopoly to distributed
resources integrator and service provider.
ü  To understand the role of energy in the community;
ü  To figure out how new value can be created and shared;
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Challenges
Trends for a Sustainable Development
The Future:
efficiency
•  Solutions for transport, energyEnergy
and urban
logistic,
sustainable districts and build environment
Energy
•  A seaming less integration of urban
management
infrastructures
and processes
Energy
•  A greater engagement of citizens will foster
consumption
behavioral change.
City Sustainable
Development
reduction
The Research Committment:
•  Guidelines, best practices and tools for decision
makers
•  Business models definition and validation.
Renewable sources
•  Integrated information and energy/ service
platforms
•  Large scale commercial demonstrations
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Challenges
Technology Open Points
•  Heterogeneous maturity: the key point is the
development and integration of cost effective EMS
(*)
•  ICT and Analytics for Open Data are fundamental
technologies: still at an early stage.
Market Status
•  Several demos worldwide (e.g. Malaga, Stockholm,
Masdar, Boulder), but at a reduced extent of
deployment.
•  Cost effectiveness of proposed solutions is still a
weak point.
•  Although policies and long term development plans are in
progress, the regulatory framework to enable full
market participation is still missing or lacking.
(*) Energy Management System
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Challenges
Market future trends
•  European SET Plan: 10-12 bn€ of investments in smart city projects
within 2020.
•  Joint ventures and joint investments are needed, to find out a
profitable model for cost/benefit sharing, reduce risk, and boost economic
development, as planning and decision making process is cross-sectorial;
•  C o s t e f f e c t i v e n e s s , m o d u l a r i t y ,
standardization are key issues.
interoperability and
•  Consumers/Prosumers, Active Participants:
Technology Consumerization
Leverage Energy
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Challenges
Barriers
•  Lack of strong
commitment at local level, needed for the
deployment of long term plans in urban context.
•  Lack of tools and metrics for result assessment
•  Standardization and interoperability of protocols and components
to be developed.
•  High investment costs for infrastructure improvement and funding
issues.
•  Difficulties of involving both stakeholders and citizens in urban
energy renovation.
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New Technologies
•  Cities are complex interconnected systems: we need new tools to
afford such complexity and take advantage of all information
available.
ü The city is looking for new ways of managing its building
stock.
ü An integral/integrated planning should take into account the
big picture and the whole life-cycle of the solution:
ü A direct participation of distributed energy resources to electric
system operation is supposed to be one of the levers for the
management of complex realities such us smart cities (EC Smart
Grid Strategic Agenda 2035).
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New Technologies
•  In cities we can leverage the nexus of disruptive forces:
ü City experimentation answers to direct stakeholders needs: it allows
an easier raise of consensus.
ü Local experimentation feeds knowledge and experience; it leads to
a bottom-up diffusion.
ü New interaction modes among people will favor aggregation and
information exchange and will lead to new behavioral modes also in
the energy field.
Reference: Gardner 2013
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New Technologies
•  Big Data and pervasive access will allow the deployment of new
services.
•  Utilities are starting to experiment the Big Data Revolution: they
need to learn how to take advantage of them to improve their current
business and to renovate it.
Reference: Gardner 2013
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Cyber Physical Systems,
Privacy, Security
•  People involvement has to be one of the highest priorities:
ü Keep People in the loop: exchange information with people, get their
needs, to provide the solutions they want
ü Competition, Gamification as a way to involve people.
ü Education has a central Role to change perception and sensitize
people with environmental issues. Different learning tools for
different people.
ü The use of social media as a strategy to link individual, collective
and energy suppliers drivers.
•  Increase the use of data for understanding of energy performance
of citizens:
data, transparency and understanding of energy
performance, consumption/ optimization by the population, but…
ü How to protect privacy of individuals ???
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Interaction with new technology
•  “Environmentally enlightened” consumers are getting into the
driver's seat by:
ü Participating in energy-efficiency programs
ü Deploying renewable distributed energy resources
•  Energy Technology Consumerization: there is a need to use all the
technologies people are used to.
•  We can leverage the consumerization of energy, looking for its impact on
existing business processes and applications.
Reference: Gardner 2013
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Thank you for your attention
AI for Smart Cities
XIII Conference of the Italian Association for
Artificial Intelligence
Turin (Italy), December 4-6, 2013
Enel Engineering and Research
Sandra Scalari
Pubblico